Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Must‐Know-Words-for-Polyglots

Must-know words for polyglots.

Mainly about linguistic terms. Also other important things.

In progress. Far from being completed.

English
linguistics phonetics phonology morphology syntax sematics pragmatics stylistics semiotics
phone
phoneme
syllable
consonant
vowel
letter
letter case
diacritic
alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet
root
morpheme
cognate
false friend
affix prefix suffix infix circumfix
number singular plural
parse tree
copula
function word article pronoun adposition conjunction auxillary verb interjection particle expletive pro-sentence
part of speech adverb conjunction interjection contraction particle classifier clitic numeral adjective attributive adjective predicative adjective nominal adjectives determiner article definite article indifinite article zero article demonstrative determiner possessive determiner quantifier adposition preposition postposition circumposition noun countable noun uncountable noun common noun proper noun pronoun personal pronoun reflexive pronoun reciprocal pronoun relative pronoun verb transitive verb intransitive verb modal verb reflexive verb auxillary verb participle
phrase adverbial phrase adjective phrase noun phrase adposition phrase verb phrase
clause argument clause adjuctive clause predicative clause dependent clause independent clause
sentence simple sentence compound sentence complex sentence compound-complex sentence declaritive sentence interrogative sentence exclamatory sentence imperative sentence instructive sentence major sentence minor sentence
punctuation
gender masculine feminine neuter animate inanimate
case nominative case accusative case dative case ablative case genitive case vocative case locative case instrumental case oblique case
tense past tense present tense future tense
aspect simple aspect progressive aspect & continous aspect perfect aspect
mood indicative mood interrogative mood imperative mood subjunctive mood
voice active voice passive voice
inflection conjugation declension
word order
subject
object
predicate
complement
attributive
adverbial
polarity affirmative negative
yes-no question
comparison comparative superlative
rhetoric figure of speech metaphor simile hyperbole parallelism antithesis rhetorical question metonymy irony double entendre
ambiguity
linguistic relativity
Rosetta Stone