Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Must‐Know-Words-for-Polyglots

Must-know words for polyglots.

Mainly about linguistic terms. Also other important things.

In progress. Far from being completed.

English
linguistics phonetics phonology morphology syntax sematics pragmatics stylistics semiotics
phone
phoneme
syllable
consonant
vowel
letter
letter case
alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet
root
morpheme
cognate
false friend
affix prefix, suffix
number singular, plural
parse tree
copula
function word article pronoun adposition conjunction auxillary verb interjection particle expletive pro-sentence
part of speech adjective adverb conjunction interjection contraction particle determiner article definite article, indifinite article, zero article demonstrative determiner possessive determiner quantifier adposition preposition, postposition, circumposition noun countable noun, uncountable noun proper noun pronoun personal pronoun reflexive pronoun, reciprocal pronoun verb transitive verb, intransitive verb modal verb reflexive verb auxillary verb
phrase adverbial phrase, adjective phrase, noun phrase, adposition phrase, verb phrase
clause dependent clause, independent clause relative clause
sentence
punctuation
gender masculine, feminine, neuter
case nominative case, accusative case, dative case, genitive case
tense past tense, present tense, future tense
aspect simple aspect, progressive aspect & continous aspect, perfect aspect
mood indicative mood, interrogative mood, imperative mood, subjunctive mood
voice active voice, passive voice
inflection declension, conjugation
word order
subject, object
predicate
complement
attributive
adverbial
polarity affirmative, negative
yes-no question
comparison comparative, superlative
rhetoric figure of speech metaphor simile hyperbole parallelism antithesis rhetorical question metonymy irony double entendre
ambiguity
linguistic relativity
Rosetta Stone