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[[File:Egyptian Arabic (Verb to be).png|alt=Egyptian Arabic (Verb to be)|thumb|Egyptian Arabic (Verb to be)]]


<div class="pg_page_title">How to Use "كنت" to Express "To Be" in Egyptian Arabic</div>
{{Egyptian-arabic-Page-Top}}


In today's lesson, we will learn how to use the word "كنت" (kunt) to express "to be" in Egyptian Arabic.
<div class="pg_page_title">Egyptian Arabic Grammar - How to Use "Be"</div>
__TOC__


==What Does "كنت" Mean in Egyptian Arabic?==
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/egyptian-arabic Egyptian Arabic] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "be" in Egyptian Arabic. "Be" is a very important verb in English and it is no different in Egyptian Arabic. It is used to describe the state of being or existence of something or someone. "Be" can be translated to "كان" (kan) in past tense, "يكون" (yekoon) in present tense, and "هيكون" (h-ye-koon) in future tense. Let's dive into the lesson and learn more about how to use "be" in Egyptian Arabic.  
"كنت" (kunt) is the informal present tense form of the verb "to be" in Egyptian Arabic. It is used to express the state or existence of a person, place, or thing.


==Examples of Using "كنت" in Egyptian Arabic==
__TOC__
Here are some examples of using "كنت" in Egyptian Arabic:
 
* أنا كنت طالب. (I am a student.)
* أنت كنت مدرس. (You are a teacher.)
* هو كنت عالم. (He is a scientist.)
* هي كنت طبيبة. (She is a doctor.)
 
==Tips for Using "كنت" in Egyptian Arabic==
Here are some tips to help you use "كنت" correctly in Egyptian Arabic:


* "كنت" is followed by the noun that describes the state or existence of the subject.
<span link>Finish this lesson and explore these related pages:</span> [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar|Egyptian-arabic Grammar]], [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]], [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] & [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]].  
* "كنت" can be used in negative sentences by adding the word "ليس" (leess) before it. For example: أنا ليس طالب. (I am not a student.)
== Simple Present ==
* "كنت" is an informal form of the verb "to be". The formal form of the verb "to be" in Egyptian Arabic is "هو".


By learning to use "كنت" to express "to be" in Egyptian Arabic, you will be able to accurately describe the state or existence of things in your conversations.
In Egyptian Arabic, the simple present tense is used to describe something that is currently happening. Let's take a look at the examples below:
== Conjugation ==
 
* '''Verb : to be (with adjectives)'''
* '''(kunt) =  كنت''' '''   '''


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<u><big>PAST</big></u>'''
! Egyptian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English
!'''<u><big>NEGATIVE  PAST</big></u>'''
!'''<u><big>PRESENT</big></u>'''
!'''<u><big>NEGATIVE  PRESENT</big></u>'''
|-
|-
|
| كمانجو بتبيع كتير || kamango betba'e' ketir || Kamango sells a lot.
|
|
|
|-
|-
|'''<big>انا  كنت</big>'''
| الاعب ده بيجيد في كورة القدم || el-a'ab da bygīd fel-kūra el-ʕadīma || This player is very good at football.
|'''<big>انا ماكنتش</big>'''
|'''<big>--- انا</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انا مش</big>'''
|-
|-
|'''I  was'''
| السلطة بتكون صحية بدون زيت || el-selṭa batkūn saḥya bdon zeet || The salad is healthy without oil.
|'''I  was not'''
|}
|'''I  am'''
|'''I  am not'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انت كنت</big>'''
|'''<big>انت ما كنتش</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انت</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انت مش</big>'''
|-
|'''You  were'''
|'''You  were not'''
|'''You  are'''
|'''You  are not'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هوكان</big>'''


'''<big>هي كانت</big>'''
These examples show the use of "be" in the present tense. "Betba'e'" is the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the action of selling. "Bygīd" is also the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the state of being good at football. Finally, "batkūn" is the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the state or condition of the salad.
|'''<big>هوما كنانش</big>'''


'''<big> هي ما كنانتش</big>'''
Let's see an example of a conversation using the simple present tense:
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هو</big>'''


'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هي</big>'''
* Person 1: انتي بتشتغلي فين؟ (Enti beteshteghali fein?) (Where do you work?)
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هومش</big>'''
* Person 2: انا بشتغل في شركة كمبيوتر. (Ana beshteghal fi sharkat computer.) (I work at a computer company.)


'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هي مش</big>'''
In this example, "be" is used in the present tense form "beteshteghali" which means "do you work".
|-
|'''He  was'''


'''She  was'''
== Simple Past ==
|'''He was not'''


'''She was not'''
In Egyptian Arabic, the simple past tense is used to describe something that has happened in the past. Let's take a look at some examples:
|'''He  is ---'''  


'''She is ---'''
{| class="wikitable"
|'''He is not ---'''
! Egyptian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English
 
'''She is not ---'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>احنا كنّا</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا ما كنّاش</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>احنا</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>احنا مش</big>'''
|-
|'''We  were'''
|'''We  were not'''
|'''We  are'''
|'''We  are not'''
|-
|-
|
| الطقس كان حار في الصيف || el-ṭaʔs kan ḥār fel-ṣeyf || The weather was hot in the summer.
|
|
|
|-
|-
|'''<big>انتوا كنتوا</big>'''
| امبارح كنت بالمول مع صحابي || embār7 kōnt bel-mawl maʕ seḥābi || Yesterday, I was at the mall with my friends.
|'''<big>انتوا ماكنتواش</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انتوا</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انتوامش</big>'''
|-
|-
|'''You  were (plural)'''
| د النجم كان مسافر لأمريكا || d-en-nagm kan mesafar le-Amrika || The singer was traveling to America.
|'''You  were not (plural)'''
|'''You  are (plural)'''
|'''You  are not (plural)'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>همكانوا</big>'''
|'''<big>همماكانواش</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هم</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هم</big>''' '''<big>مش</big>'''
|-
|'''They  were'''
|'''They  were not'''
|'''They  are'''
|'''They  are not'''
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<big><u>FUTURE</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>NEGATIVE  FUTURE</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>INTERROGATIVE</u></big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انا هكون</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انا  مش هكون</big>'''
|
|-
|'''I  will be'''
|'''I  will not be'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انت هتكون</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انت مش هتكون</big>'''
|'''<big>هي كانت جميلة ؟</big>'''
|-
|'''You will be'''
|'''You will not be'''
|'''Was she beautiful ? (Past)'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هي هتكون</big>'''


'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هوهيكون</big>''' 
In these examples, the verb "be" is used in the past tense form "kan" to describe something that has already happened. "Kan" is used in all of these examples regardless of the gender of the noun or pronoun being described.
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هي مش هتكون</big>'''


'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هو  مشهيكون</big>'''
Now let's have a conversation using the simple past tense:
|
|-
|'''He  / She will be'''
|'''He / She will not be'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>احنا هنكون</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>احنا مش هنكون</big>'''
|'''<big>هم  جميلين ؟</big>'''
|-
|'''We will be'''
|'''We will not be'''
|'''Are  they beautiful ? (Present)'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انتوهتكونو</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>انتو مشهتكونو</big>'''
|
|-
|'''You  will be (plural)'''
|'''You will not be (plural)'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هم هيكونو</big>'''
|'''<big>---</big>''' '''<big>هم مش هيكونو</big>'''
|'''<big>هم  هيكونو جميلين ؟</big>'''
|-
|'''They  will be'''
|'''They  will not be'''
|'''Will they be beautiful ? (Future)'''
|}
''<u>'''OBSERVATION : REPLACE THIS SYMBOL (---) FOR THE ADJECTIVE THAT YOU WISH TO WRITE !'''</u>''


''<u>'''OBSERVAÇÃO : SUBSTITUA ESSE SÍMBOLO (---) PELO ADJETIVO QUE VOCÊ DESEJA ESCREVER !'''</u>''
* Person 1: امبارح ايه عملت؟ (Embār7 eh ʕamalt?) (What did you do yesterday?)
* Person 2: امبارح كنت بره مع صحابي. (Embār7 kōnt barra maʕ saḥābi.) (Yesterday, I was outside with my friends.)


'''''<u>Now the second kind of the verb TO BE !</u>'''''
In this example, "kan" is used in the past tense to describe what Person 2 was doing yesterday.


'''''<u>Agora o verbo estar</u>'''''
== Future Tense ==


'''<big><u>Verbo : Estar (com nome ou lugar)</u></big>'''
In Egyptian Arabic, the future tense is used to describe something that will happen in the future. Let's take a look at some examples:


'''<big><u>Verb : To be (with name or place)</u></big>'''
'''<big><u>(Banzil) = بنزل</u></big>'''
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<u><big>PAST</big></u>'''
! Egyptian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English
!'''<u><big>NEGATIVE  PAST</big></u>'''
!'''<u><big>PRESENT</big></u>'''
!'''<u><big>NEGATIVE  PRESENT</big></u>'''
|-
|-
|
| بكرا هنسافر للساحل الشمالي || bokra hansefar l-es-sāḥel el-shamāli || Tomorrow, we will travel to the North Coast.
|
|
|
|-
|-
|'''<big>انا  نزلت</big>'''
| بعد ساعتين هيجيلي ضيف || baʕd saʕten hegyli ḍeef || In two hours, I will have a guest.
|'''<big>انا  مانزلتش</big>'''
|'''<big> انا انزل</big>'''
|'''<big>انا ما انزلش</big>'''
|-
|-
|'''I  was'''
| هيكون في حفلة كبيرة الشهر الجاي || h-ye-koon fel-ḥelfa kabīra el-shahr el-jāy || There will be a big party next month.
|'''I  was not'''
|}
|'''I  am'''
 
|'''I  am not'''
In these examples, "be" is used in the future tense form "h-ye-koon" to describe something that will happen in the future. "H-ye-koon" is used in all of these examples regardless of the gender of the noun or pronoun being described.
|-
 
|
Let's have a conversation using the future tense:
|
 
|
* Person 1: انتي هتروحي للجيم امتى؟ (Enti hetro7i l-el-geym emta?) (When are you going to the gym?)
|
* Person 2: انا هروح النهاردة بعد ساعتين. (Ana hāro7 el-naharda baʕd saʕten.) (I will go today in two hours.)
|-
|'''<big>انت نزلت</big>'''
|'''<big>انت مانزلتش</big>'''
|'''<big>انت  تنزل</big>'''
|'''<big>انت ما تنزلش</big>'''
|-
|'''You  were'''
|'''You  were not'''
|'''You  are'''
|'''You  are not'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هو نزل</big>'''


'''<big>هي نزليت</big>'''
In this example, "hāro7" is a verb in the future tense which means "will go".
|'''<big>هو مانزلش</big>'''


'''<big>هي مانزليتش</big>'''
== Emphatic Form ==
|'''<big>هو   ينزل</big>'''


'''<big>هي  تنزيل</big>'''
In Egyptian Arabic, "be" can also be used in an emphatic form or to intensify the meaning of a sentence. Let's take a look at some examples:
|'''<big>هوما ينزلش</big>'''


'''<big>هي ما تنزليش       </big>'''
{| class="wikitable"
! Egyptian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|'''He  / She was'''
| أنا بكره دخلت الإمتحان || ana bokra dokhel-et el-emte7an || I will definitely take the exam tomorrow.
|'''He  / She was not'''
|'''He  / She is'''
|'''He  / She is not'''
|-
|-
|
| انتو بتهربو من الشغل كل يوم || ento bethorbo men el-shoghl kol youm || You guys always try to escape from work.
|
|
|
|-
|-
|'''<big>احنا نزلنا</big>'''
| عمر حيبقى رئيس لمصر || ʕomar ḥayebʔa raʔēs le-Miṣr || Omar will become the president of Egypt for sure.
|'''<big>احنا مانزلناش</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا ننزل</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا ما ننزلش</big>'''
|-
|'''We  were'''
|'''We  were not'''
|'''We  are'''
|'''We  are not'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انتو نزلتوا</big>'''
|'''<big>انتوما نزلتوش</big>'''
|'''<big>انتوتنزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>انتوما تنزلوش</big>'''
|-
|'''You  were (plural)'''
|'''You  were not (plural)'''
|'''You  are (plural)'''
|'''You  are not (plural)'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هم نزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>هم ما  نزلوش</big>'''
|'''<big>هم ينزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>هم ما ينزلوش</big>'''
|-
|'''They  were'''
|'''They  were not'''
|'''They  are'''
|'''They  are not'''
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<big><u>FUTURE</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>NEGATIVE  FUTURE</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>INTERROGATIVE</u></big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big> انا هنزل</big>'''
|'''<big>انا مش هنزل</big>'''
|
|-
|'''I  will be'''
|'''I  will not be'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big> انت هتنزل</big>'''
|'''<big>انت مش هتنزل</big>'''
|'''<big> انت نزلت في الفرنسا؟</big>'''
|-
|'''You  will be'''
|'''You  will not be'''
|'''Were you in France ? (Past)'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هوهينزل</big>'''


'''<big>هي هتنزيل          </big>'''
In these examples, the verb "be" is used in an emphatic form to intensify the meaning of the sentence. The word "هيبقى" (hayebʔa) is an emphatic form of the future tense verb "be" and is used to emphasize that Omar will definitely become the president of Egypt.
|'''<big>هومش هينزل</big>'''
 
Let's see an example of a dialogue using the emphatic form:
 
* Person 1: عامل ايه؟ (ʕamel eh?) (What are you doing?)
* Person 2: انا بشتغل ف يوميات كتابية طول الليل. (Ana beshteghal fel-youmeyat ketebeya tool el-layl.) (I am definitely working on my journal all night long.)


'''<big>هي مش هتنزيل</big>'''
In this example, "be" is used in the emphatic form to emphasize that Person 2 is definitely working on their journal all night long.
|
|-
|'''He will be'''


'''She will be'''
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
|'''He / She will not be'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>احنا هننزل</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا مش هننزل</big>'''
|'''<big>انتو بتنزلوا في المانيا ؟</big>'''
|-
|'''We  will be'''
|'''We  will not be'''
|'''Are you (plural) in Germany ? (Present)'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انتوهتنزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>انتو مش هتنزلوا</big>'''
|
|-
|'''You  will be (plural)'''
|'''You will not be (plural)'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هم هينزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>هم مش هينزلوا</big>'''
|'''<big>هم هينزلوا قي اسبانيا ؟</big>'''
|-
|'''They  will be'''
|'''They  will not be'''
|'''Will they be in Spain ? (Future)'''
|}
'''<u>Observation to the conjugation !</u>'''


<u>'''Observação para a conjugação''' !</u>
{{#seo:
{| class="wikitable"
|title=Egyptian Arabic Grammar - How to Use "Be"
|'''<big>انا  نزلت (Egyptian Arabic)</big>'''
|keywords=Egyptian Arabic, be, grammar, present tense, past tense, future tense, emphatic form
|-
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb "be" in Egyptian Arabic. "Be" is used to describe the state of being or existence of something or someone. Learn how to use "be" for present, past, and future tenses as well as the emphatic form.
|'''<big>I  was (English Translation)</big>'''
}}
|}


==Related Lessons==
{{Egyptian-arabic-Page-Bottom}}
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
<span links></span>
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Genitive-Case|Genitive Case]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Verbs-to-speak|Verbs to speak]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/How-to-use-the-modal-verb-Must|How to use the modal verb Must]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Present-continuous|Present continuous]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Indefinite-and-definite-articles|Indefinite and definite articles]]

Latest revision as of 23:11, 26 March 2023

Egyptian-arabic-lessons-polyglotclub.jpg
Egyptian Arabic Grammar - How to Use "Be"

Hi Egyptian Arabic learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "be" in Egyptian Arabic. "Be" is a very important verb in English and it is no different in Egyptian Arabic. It is used to describe the state of being or existence of something or someone. "Be" can be translated to "كان" (kan) in past tense, "يكون" (yekoon) in present tense, and "هيكون" (h-ye-koon) in future tense. Let's dive into the lesson and learn more about how to use "be" in Egyptian Arabic.

Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Egyptian-arabic Grammar, Adjectives, 0 to A1 Course & Past Tense.

Simple Present[edit | edit source]

In Egyptian Arabic, the simple present tense is used to describe something that is currently happening. Let's take a look at the examples below:

Egyptian Arabic Pronunciation English
كمانجو بتبيع كتير kamango betba'e' ketir Kamango sells a lot.
الاعب ده بيجيد في كورة القدم el-a'ab da bygīd fel-kūra el-ʕadīma This player is very good at football.
السلطة بتكون صحية بدون زيت el-selṭa batkūn saḥya bdon zeet The salad is healthy without oil.

These examples show the use of "be" in the present tense. "Betba'e'" is the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the action of selling. "Bygīd" is also the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the state of being good at football. Finally, "batkūn" is the present tense form of "be" and is used to describe the state or condition of the salad.

Let's see an example of a conversation using the simple present tense:

  • Person 1: انتي بتشتغلي فين؟ (Enti beteshteghali fein?) (Where do you work?)
  • Person 2: انا بشتغل في شركة كمبيوتر. (Ana beshteghal fi sharkat computer.) (I work at a computer company.)

In this example, "be" is used in the present tense form "beteshteghali" which means "do you work".

Simple Past[edit | edit source]

In Egyptian Arabic, the simple past tense is used to describe something that has happened in the past. Let's take a look at some examples:

Egyptian Arabic Pronunciation English
الطقس كان حار في الصيف el-ṭaʔs kan ḥār fel-ṣeyf The weather was hot in the summer.
امبارح كنت بالمول مع صحابي embār7 kōnt bel-mawl maʕ seḥābi Yesterday, I was at the mall with my friends.
د النجم كان مسافر لأمريكا d-en-nagm kan mesafar le-Amrika The singer was traveling to America.

In these examples, the verb "be" is used in the past tense form "kan" to describe something that has already happened. "Kan" is used in all of these examples regardless of the gender of the noun or pronoun being described.

Now let's have a conversation using the simple past tense:

  • Person 1: امبارح ايه عملت؟ (Embār7 eh ʕamalt?) (What did you do yesterday?)
  • Person 2: امبارح كنت بره مع صحابي. (Embār7 kōnt barra maʕ saḥābi.) (Yesterday, I was outside with my friends.)

In this example, "kan" is used in the past tense to describe what Person 2 was doing yesterday.

Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Egyptian Arabic, the future tense is used to describe something that will happen in the future. Let's take a look at some examples:

Egyptian Arabic Pronunciation English
بكرا هنسافر للساحل الشمالي bokra hansefar l-es-sāḥel el-shamāli Tomorrow, we will travel to the North Coast.
بعد ساعتين هيجيلي ضيف baʕd saʕten hegyli ḍeef In two hours, I will have a guest.
هيكون في حفلة كبيرة الشهر الجاي h-ye-koon fel-ḥelfa kabīra el-shahr el-jāy There will be a big party next month.

In these examples, "be" is used in the future tense form "h-ye-koon" to describe something that will happen in the future. "H-ye-koon" is used in all of these examples regardless of the gender of the noun or pronoun being described.

Let's have a conversation using the future tense:

  • Person 1: انتي هتروحي للجيم امتى؟ (Enti hetro7i l-el-geym emta?) (When are you going to the gym?)
  • Person 2: انا هروح النهاردة بعد ساعتين. (Ana hāro7 el-naharda baʕd saʕten.) (I will go today in two hours.)

In this example, "hāro7" is a verb in the future tense which means "will go".

Emphatic Form[edit | edit source]

In Egyptian Arabic, "be" can also be used in an emphatic form or to intensify the meaning of a sentence. Let's take a look at some examples:

Egyptian Arabic Pronunciation English
أنا بكره دخلت الإمتحان ana bokra dokhel-et el-emte7an I will definitely take the exam tomorrow.
انتو بتهربو من الشغل كل يوم ento bethorbo men el-shoghl kol youm You guys always try to escape from work.
عمر حيبقى رئيس لمصر ʕomar ḥayebʔa raʔēs le-Miṣr Omar will become the president of Egypt for sure.

In these examples, the verb "be" is used in an emphatic form to intensify the meaning of the sentence. The word "هيبقى" (hayebʔa) is an emphatic form of the future tense verb "be" and is used to emphasize that Omar will definitely become the president of Egypt.

Let's see an example of a dialogue using the emphatic form:

  • Person 1: عامل ايه؟ (ʕamel eh?) (What are you doing?)
  • Person 2: انا بشتغل ف يوميات كتابية طول الليل. (Ana beshteghal fel-youmeyat ketebeya tool el-layl.) (I am definitely working on my journal all night long.)

In this example, "be" is used in the emphatic form to emphasize that Person 2 is definitely working on their journal all night long.

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