Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Various-word-orders-in-various-languages"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with small differences in each division. Here are some examples. S means subject, O means object...")
 
m (Quick edit)
 
(94 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with small differences in each division. Here are some examples.
[[File:word-order-languages.jpg|thumb]]


S means subject, O means object, V means verb.
This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with smaller differences inside each type.  


SOV and SVO are the most popular, accounting for about 4/10 each.
S represents subject, O represents object, V represents verb.
 
SOV and SVO take the most proportions, each accounting for about 2/5.
 
There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.
 
Note that in some languages the pronouns are omitted. The person is indicated by conjugation.
 
*Example sentence 1 has a <span style="background-color:pink">subject</span>, a <span style="background-color:greenyellow">verb</span>.
 
*Example sentence 2 has a <span style="background-color:pink">subject</span>, a <span style="background-color:greenyellow">verb</span>, a <span style="background-color:wheat">direct object</span>.
 
*Example sentence 3 has a <span style="background-color:pink">subject</span>, a <span style="background-color:greenyellow">verb</span>, a <span style="background-color:wheat">direct object</span>, an <span style="background-color:lightblue">indirect object</span>.


'''Be aware that there can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the mainly used cases.'''


== SOV ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Language
!Sentence
|-
|-
|Basque
!SOV language
|bi eraikin zuri handi ikusi nuen.
!example 1
!example 2
!example 3
|-
|Hindi
|<span style="background-color:pink">वह</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">जाएगी</span>।
|<span style="background-color:pink">मुझे</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">एक इमारत</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">दिखाई देती है</span>।
|<span style="background-color:pink">तुमने</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">उसे</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">कलम</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">दे दी</span>।
|-
|-
|Japanese
|Japanese
|私は2つの大きな白い建物を見た。
|<span style="background-color:pink">彼女が</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">行きます</span>。
|<span style="background-color:pink">私は</span><span style="background-color:wheat">建物を</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">見る</span>。
|<span style="background-color:pink">あなたは</span><span style="background-color:lightblue">彼に</span><span style="background-color:wheat">ペンを</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">与えた</span>。
|-
|-
|Korean
|Korean
|나는 2 개의 큰 하얀 건물을 보았다.
|<span style="background-color:pink">그녀가</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">갈거야</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">나는</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">건물을</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">본다</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">당신은</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">그에게</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">펜을</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">줬다</span>.
|-
|-
|Persian
|Iranian Persian
|من دو ساختمان بزرگ سفید دیدم.
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:pink">او</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">خواهد رفت</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:pink">من</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">یک ساختمان</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">را می بینم</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:pink">شما</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">به او</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">یک قلم</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">دادید</span>
|-
|Standard Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:greenyellow">سوف تذهب</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:wheat">مبنى</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">أرى</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:wheat>قلما</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">أعطيته</span>
|-
|-
|Turkish
|Turkish
|Iki büyük beyaz bina gördüm.
|<span style="background-color:pink">O</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gidecek</span>.
|}
|<span style="background-color:wheat">Bir bina</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">görüyorum</span>.
 
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">bir kalem</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">verdin</span>.
== SVO ==
|-
{| class="wikitable"
!SVO language
!Language
!example 1
!Sentence
!example 2
!example 3
|-
|Afrikaans
|<span style="background-color:pink">Sy</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">sal gaan</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ek</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">sien</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">'n gebou</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Jy</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">het</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">vir hom</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">'n pen</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gegee</span>.
|-
|Belarusian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Яна</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">пойдзе</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Бачу</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">будынак</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ты</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">даў</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">яму</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ручку</span>.
|-
|Bosnian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">će otići</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vidim</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">zgradu</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dao</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">si</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">olovku</span>.
|-
|Bulgarian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Тя</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ще тръгне</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Виждам</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">сграда</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ти</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">даде</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">му</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">химикалка</span>.
|-
|Catalan
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ella</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">anirà</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Veig</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un edifici</span>.
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">Li</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">has donat</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un bolígraf</span>.
|-
|Croatian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">će otići</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vidim</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">zgradu</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dao</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">si</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">olovku</span>.
|-
|Czech
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">půjde</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vidím</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">budovu</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dal</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">jsi</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pero</span>.
|-
|Danish
|<span style="background-color:pink">Hun</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vil gå</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Jeg</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ser</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en bygning</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Du</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gav</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">ham</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en kuglepen</span>.
|-
|-
|Chinese
|Dutch
|我看到了两座白色大楼。/我看到了兩座白色大厦。
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ze</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">zal gaan</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ik</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">zie</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">een gebouw</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Je</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gaf</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">hem</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">een pen</span>.
|-
|-
|English
|English
|I saw two big white buildings.
|<span style="background-color:pink">She</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">will go</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">I</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">see</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">a building</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">You</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gave</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">him</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">a pen</span>.
|-
|-
|Esperanto
|Esperanto
|Mi vidis du grandajn blankajn konstruaĵojn.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ŝi</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">iros</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Mi</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vidas</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">konstuaĵon</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Vi</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">donis</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">al li</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">plumon</span>.
|-
|Finnish
|<span style="background-color:pink">Hän</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">tulee menemään</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Näen</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">rakennuksen</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Annoit</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">hänelle</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">kynän</span>.
|-
|-
|French
|French
|J'ai vu deux grands bâtiments blancs.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Elle</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ira</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Je</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vois</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un bâtiment</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Vous</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">lui</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">avez donné</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un stylo</span>.
|-
|Galician
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ela</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">irá</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vexo</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un edificio</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Dácheslle</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un bolígrafo</span>.
|-
|-
|German
|German
|Ich sah zwei große weiße Gebäude.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Sie</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">wird gehen</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ich</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">sehe</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ein Gebäude</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Du</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gabst</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">ihm</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">einen Stift</span>.
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:pink>היא</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">תלך</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:pink">אני</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">רואה</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">בניין</span>
| style="text-align:right;" |.<span style="background-color:greenyellow">נתת</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">לו</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">עט</span>
|-
|Hungarian
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Menni fog</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Egy</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">épületet</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">látok</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Adtál</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">neki</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">egy tollat</span>.
|-
|Icelandic
|<span style="background-color:pink">Hún</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">mun fara</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ég</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">sé</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">byggingu</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Þú</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gafst</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">honum</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">penna</span>.
|-
|Italian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Lei</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">andrà</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vedo</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un edificio</span>.
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">Gli</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">hai dato</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">una penna</span>.
|-
|Lithuanian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ji</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">eis</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Matau</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pastatą</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Tu</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">davei</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">jam</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">rašiklį</span>.
|-
|Luxembourgish
|<span style="background-color:pink">Si</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">wäert goen</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ech</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gesinn</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">e Gebai</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dir</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">hutt</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">him</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">e Pen</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ginn</span>.
|-
|Mandarin Chinese
|<span style="background-color:pink">她</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">會去</span>。/<span style="background-color:pink">她</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">会去</span>。
|<span style="background-color:pink">我</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">看到</span><span style="background-color:wheat">一座建築物</span>。/<span style="background-color:pink">我</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">看到</span><span style="background-color:wheat">一座建筑物</span>。
|<span style="background-color:pink">你</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">給</span><span style="background-color:lightblue">他</span><span style="background-color:wheat">一支鋼筆</span>。/<span style="background-color:pink">你</span><span style="background-color:greenyellow">给</span><span style="background-color:lightblue">他</span><span style="background-color:wheat">一支钢笔</span>。
|-
|Modern Greek
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Θα πάει</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Βλέπω</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ένα κτίριο</span>.
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">Του</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">έδωσες</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ένα στυλό</span>.
|-
|Norwegian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Hun</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vil gå</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Jeg</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ser</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en bygning</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Du</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ga</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">ham</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en penn</span>.
|-
|-
|Itanlian
|Polish
|Ho visto due grandi edifici bianchi.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">pójdzie</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Widzę</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">budynek</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Dałeś</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">długopis</span>.
|-
|-
|Portugese
|Portugese
|Eu vi dois grandes edifícios brancos.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ela</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vai</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Eu</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">vejo</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">um prédio</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Você</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">deu</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">a ele</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">uma caneta</span>.
|-
|Romanian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ea</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">va pleca</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Văd</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">o clădire</span>.
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">I</span>-<span style="background-color:pink">ai</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">dat</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un stilou</span>.
|-
|-
|Russian
|Russian
|Я увидел два больших белых здания.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Она</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">пойдет</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Я</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">вижу</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">здание</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Вы</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">дали</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">ему</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ручку</span>.
|-
|Serbian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Она</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ће ићи</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Видим</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">зграду</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Дао</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">си</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">му</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">оловку</span>.
|-
|Slovak
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ona</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">pôjde</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vidím</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">budovu</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dal</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">si</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pero</span>.
|-
|Slovenian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Odšla</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">bo</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Vidím</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">zgradbo</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Dal</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">si</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">mu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pero</span>.
|-
|-
|Spanish
|Spanish
|Vi dos grandes edificios blancos.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ella</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">irá</span>.
|}
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Veo</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">un edificio</span>.
 
|<span style="background-color:lightblue">Le</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">diste</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">una pluma</span>.
== VSO ==
|-
{| class="wikitable"
|Standard Estonian
!Language
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ta</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">läheb</span>.
!Sentence
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ma</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">näen</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">hoonet</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Sa</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">andsid</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">talle</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pastaka</span>.
|-
|Standard Latvian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Viņa</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ies</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Es</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">redzu</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ēku</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Tu</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">iedevi</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">viņam</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">pildspalvu</span>.
|-
|Swedish
|<span style="background-color:pink">Hon</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">kommer att gå</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Jag</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">ser</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en byggnad</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Du</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">gav</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">honom</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">en penna</span>.
|-
|Ukranian
|<span style="background-color:pink">Вона</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">піде</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Я</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">бачу</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">будівлю</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Ти</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">дав</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">йому</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ручку</span>.
|-
|Vietnamese
|<span style="background-color:pink">Cô ấy</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">sẽ đi</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Tôi</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">thấy</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">một tòa nhà</span>.
|<span style="background-color:pink">Bạn</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">đưa cho</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">anh</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">một cây bút</span>.
|-
!VSO language
!example 1
!example 2
!example 3
|-
|-
|Arabic
|Filipino
|رأيت مبنيين أبيض كبيرين.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Pupunta</span> <span style="background-color:pink">siya</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Nakikita</span> <span style="background-color:pink">ko</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ang isang gusali</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Binigyan</span> <span style="background-color:pink">mo</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">siya</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ng panulat</span>.
|-
|-
|Irish
|Irish
|Chonaic mé dhá fhoirgneamh bán mór.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Beidh</span> <span style="background-color:pink">sí ag</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">dul</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Feicim</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">foirgneamh</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Thug</span> <span style="background-color:pink">tú</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">peann</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">air</span>.
|-
|-
|Welsh
|Welsh
|Gwelais ddau adeilad mawr gwyn.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Bydd</span> <span style="background-color:pink">hi'n</span> <span style="background-color:greenyellow">mynd</span>.
|}
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Gwelaf</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">adeilad</span>.
 
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Rhoddodd</span> <span style="background-color:pink">eich</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">ysgrifbin</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">iddo</span>.
== VOS ==
|-
{| class="wikitable"
!VOS language
!Language
!example 1
!Sentence
!example 2
!example 3
|-
|-
|Malagasy
|Malagasy
|Hitako fa, indro trano fotsy lehibe roa.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Handeha</span> <span style="background-color:pink">izy</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Nahita</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">tranobe iray</span> <span style="background-color:pink">aho</span>.
|<span style="background-color:greenyellow">Nomenao</span> <span style="background-color:wheat">penina</span> <span style="background-color:lightblue">izy</span>.
|-
!OSV language
!example 1
!example 2
!example 3
|-
!OVS language
!example 1
!example 2
!example 3
|}
|}


== OSV ==
==More information==
{| class="wikitable"
Wikipedia article:
!Language
 
!Sentence
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_order
|}
 
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Languages_by_word_order
 
==Author==
[https://polyglotclub.com/member/GrimPixel GrimPixel]


== OVS ==
==Other Lessons==
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Disjunctive-questions|Disjunctive questions]]
!Language
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
!Sentence
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Order-of-Adjectives|Order of Adjectives]]
|-
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/TeKaMoLo-in-multiple-languages|TeKaMoLo in multiple languages]]
|Klingon
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Punctuation-of-many-languages|Punctuation of many languages]]
|    /cha' tIn chIS vIleghDI' vIlegh.
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Use-an-Adposition-or-Affix|Use an Adposition or Affix]]
|}
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Exhaustive-Inflection|Exhaustive Inflection]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 13:35, 25 March 2023

Word-order-languages.jpg

This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with smaller differences inside each type.

S represents subject, O represents object, V represents verb.

SOV and SVO take the most proportions, each accounting for about 2/5.

There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.

Note that in some languages the pronouns are omitted. The person is indicated by conjugation.

  • Example sentence 1 has a subject, a verb.
  • Example sentence 2 has a subject, a verb, a direct object.
  • Example sentence 3 has a subject, a verb, a direct object, an indirect object.


SOV language example 1 example 2 example 3
Hindi वह जाएगी। मुझे एक इमारत दिखाई देती है। तुमने उसे कलम दे दी।
Japanese 彼女が行きます。 私は建物を見る。 あなたは彼にペンを与えた。
Korean 그녀가 갈거야. 나는 건물을 본다. 당신은 그에게 펜을 줬다.
Iranian Persian .او خواهد رفت .من یک ساختمان را می بینم .شما به او یک قلم دادید
Standard Arabic .سوف تذهب .مبنى أرى .قلما أعطيته
Turkish O gidecek. Bir bina görüyorum. Ona bir kalem verdin.
SVO language example 1 example 2 example 3
Afrikaans Sy sal gaan. Ek sien 'n gebou. Jy het vir hom 'n pen gegee.
Belarusian Яна пойдзе. Бачу будынак. Ты даў яму ручку.
Bosnian Ona će otići. Vidim zgradu. Dao si mu olovku.
Bulgarian Тя ще тръгне. Виждам сграда. Ти даде му химикалка.
Catalan Ella anirà. Veig un edifici. Li has donat un bolígraf.
Croatian Ona će otići. Vidim zgradu. Dao si mu olovku.
Czech Ona půjde. Vidím budovu. Dal jsi mu pero.
Danish Hun vil gå. Jeg ser en bygning. Du gav ham en kuglepen.
Dutch Ze zal gaan. Ik zie een gebouw. Je gaf hem een pen.
English She will go. I see a building. You gave him a pen.
Esperanto Ŝi iros. Mi vidas konstuaĵon. Vi donis al li plumon.
Finnish Hän tulee menemään. Näen rakennuksen. Annoit hänelle kynän.
French Elle ira. Je vois un bâtiment. Vous lui avez donné un stylo.
Galician Ela irá. Vexo un edificio. Dácheslle un bolígrafo.
German Sie wird gehen. Ich sehe ein Gebäude. Du gabst ihm einen Stift.
Hebrew .היא תלך .אני רואה בניין .נתת לו עט
Hungarian Menni fog. Egy épületet látok. Adtál neki egy tollat.
Icelandic Hún mun fara. Ég sé byggingu. Þú gafst honum penna.
Italian Lei andrà. Vedo un edificio. Gli hai dato una penna.
Lithuanian Ji eis. Matau pastatą. Tu davei jam rašiklį.
Luxembourgish Si wäert goen. Ech gesinn e Gebai. Dir hutt him e Pen ginn.
Mandarin Chinese 她會去。/她会去。 我看到一座建築物。/我看到一座建筑物。 你給他一支鋼筆。/你给他一支钢笔。
Modern Greek Θα πάει. Βλέπω ένα κτίριο. Του έδωσες ένα στυλό.
Norwegian Hun vil gå. Jeg ser en bygning. Du ga ham en penn.
Polish Ona pójdzie. Widzę budynek. Dałeś mu długopis.
Portugese Ela vai. Eu vejo um prédio. Você deu a ele uma caneta.
Romanian Ea va pleca. Văd o clădire. I-ai dat un stilou.
Russian Она пойдет. Я вижу здание. Вы дали ему ручку.
Serbian Она ће ићи. Видим зграду. Дао си му оловку.
Slovak Ona pôjde. Vidím budovu. Dal si mu pero.
Slovenian Odšla bo. Vidím zgradbo. Dal si mu pero.
Spanish Ella irá. Veo un edificio. Le diste una pluma.
Standard Estonian Ta läheb. Ma näen hoonet. Sa andsid talle pastaka.
Standard Latvian Viņa ies. Es redzu ēku. Tu iedevi viņam pildspalvu.
Swedish Hon kommer att gå. Jag ser en byggnad. Du gav honom en penna.
Ukranian Вона піде. Я бачу будівлю. Ти дав йому ручку.
Vietnamese Cô ấy sẽ đi. Tôi thấy một tòa nhà. Bạn đưa cho anh một cây bút.
VSO language example 1 example 2 example 3
Filipino Pupunta siya. Nakikita ko ang isang gusali. Binigyan mo siya ng panulat.
Irish Beidh sí ag dul. Feicim foirgneamh. Thug tú peann air.
Welsh Bydd hi'n mynd. Gwelaf adeilad. Rhoddodd eich ysgrifbin iddo.
VOS language example 1 example 2 example 3
Malagasy Handeha izy. Nahita tranobe iray aho. Nomenao penina izy.
OSV language example 1 example 2 example 3
OVS language example 1 example 2 example 3

More information[edit | edit source]

Wikipedia article:

Author[edit | edit source]

GrimPixel

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Various-word-orders-in-various-languages&oldid=185536"