Language/Kabyle/Grammar/Future-Tense

Kabyle Grammar - Future Tense

Hi Kabyle learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will study how to form sentences in the future tense in Kabyle. As an intermediate level student, you should already be familiar with present tense conjugations. The future tense is relatively easy to learn and is an essential part of being able to communicate in Kabyle.

Forming the Future Tense

To form the future tense in Kabyle, we use the verb "yiwen" which means "to come" followed by the main verb without a preposition. Let's take a look at some examples:

Kabyle	Pronunciation	English
yiwen + yesεa	yiwen yesea	I will come
yiwen + γur / eγur	yiwen yegur / yeγur	You (singular) will go
yiwen + ndea	yiwen ndea	He/She will say
yiwen + tettxi	yiwen yettxi	We will do
yiwen + ten-ssepqen	yiwen yensespqen	You (plural) will rest
yiwen + yetta	yiwen yetta	They will eat

It's that simple! Just add "-yiwen" before the main verb, and you've formed the future tense.

Examples

Here are some examples of sentences in the future tense:

• Person 1: Yiwet nwen yeččuren? (Are you coming tomorrow?)
• Person 2: Neγ yiwen yebɣaγ ad yecčer. (Yes, I will come early to study)

• Person 1: D tikli nniḍen tirrat yiwen efk. (Did you hear the news? They will work tomorrow)
• Person 2: Iu, dekklen ayen yeguran yettaɣen, lesseeɣ ad yewwi-asen. (Yes, they told me they will eat the fish, let's get some for them)

Negative Form

To form a negative sentence in the future tense, we add the negative particle "ur" before "yiwen". For example:

Kabyle	Pronunciation	English
ur yiwen + yesεa	ur yiwen yesea	I will not come
ur yiwen + γur / eγur	ur yiwen yegur / yeγur	You (singular) will not go
ur yiwen + ndea	ur yiwen ndea	He/She will not say
ur yiwen + tettxi	ur yiwen yettxi	We will not do
ur yiwen + ten-ssepqen	ur yiwen yensespqen	You (plural) will not rest
ur yiwen + yetta	ur yiwen yetta	They will not eat

Interrogative Form

To form a question in the future tense, we add the question particle "wagi" at the end of the sentence. For example:

Kabyle	Pronunciation	English
yiwen + yetta + wagi	yiwen yetta wagi	Will they eat?
yiwen + d-qqaren + wagi	yiwen dqqaren wagi	Will he/she speak?
yiwen + zzman + wagi	yiwen zzman wagi	Will they spend the day?
yiwen + snat + wagi	yiwen snat wagi	Will we sleep?

Recap

Let's recap what we've learned so far:

• To form the future tense, use the verb "yiwen" followed by the main verb without a preposition.
• To form the negative future tense, use "ur yiwen" followed by the main verb.
• To form a question in the future tense, add the particle "wagi" at the end of the sentence.

Remember, practice is key when it comes to mastering any language. To improve your Kabyle Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any Kabyle questions!

Sources

• Kabyle Grammar - Future Tense
• Kabyle language - Wikipedia
• Kabyle Grammar - Kabyle verb

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• Pronouns
• Noun Gender
• Exam 2 Kabyle Noun Correction
• Adjectives
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• How to Use Be
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