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{{Slovenian-Page-Top}}
{{Slovenian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 2 - Basic Grammar and Sentence Structure → Conjugation of verbs in the present tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Conjugation of verbs in the present tense</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on conjugating verbs in the present tense in Slovenian! As a crucial building block in mastering any language, understanding verb conjugation allows you to express actions happening right now, making your conversations lively and engaging. In this lesson, we will explore both regular and irregular verbs, diving into their conjugation patterns and providing practical examples that you can use in everyday conversation.
 
By the end of this lesson, you will not only be able to conjugate these verbs but also use them confidently in sentences. This lesson is designed for complete beginners, so we’ll take it step by step. Let's embark on this exciting journey into the world of Slovenian verbs!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== The Importance of Present Tense ===
 
The present tense in Slovenian, just like in English, is used to describe actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. Mastery of the present tense will enable you to engage in daily conversations, share your daily routine, and express your thoughts and feelings.
 
=== How to Conjugate Regular Verbs ===
 
Regular verbs in Slovenian follow predictable patterns when conjugated. The majority of verbs in Slovenian fall into one of three categories based on their endings: -ati, -eti, and -iti.
 
==== Conjugation Patterns ====
 
1. '''-ati Verbs''': The most common type of regular verbs.
 
* '''Example''': delati (to work)
 
* Conjugation:
 
* '''ja delam''' (I work)
 
* '''ti delaš''' (you work)
 
* '''on/ona dela''' (he/she works)
 
* '''mi delamo''' (we work)
 
* '''vi delate''' (you work - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one delajo''' (they work)
 
2. '''-eti Verbs''': The second type of regular verbs.


In this lesson, we will delve into the conjugation of verbs in the present tense in Slovenian. This is a fundamental aspect of Slovenian grammar, as it enables us to express actions and states in the present. By mastering the conjugation of verbs, you will gain the ability to communicate effectively in everyday conversations and express your thoughts and feelings in the present moment.
* '''Example''': videti (to see)


Throughout this lesson, we will explore both regular and irregular verbs, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also touch upon the cultural significance of certain verb forms and how they are used in different regions of Slovenia. By the end of the lesson, you will have a solid understanding of verb conjugation in the present tense and be able to construct sentences with ease.
* Conjugation:


Let's embark on this exciting journey into Slovenian grammar and discover the beauty of verb conjugation in the present tense!
* '''ja vidim''' (I see)


== Regular Verbs ==
* '''ti vidiš''' (you see)


In Slovenian, regular verbs follow a predictable pattern when conjugated in the present tense. The conjugation is based on the verb's infinitive form and the subject pronoun. Let's take a look at the conjugation of the regular verb "govoriti" (to speak) as an example:
* '''on/ona vidi''' (he/she sees)
 
* '''mi vidimo''' (we see)
 
* '''vi vidite''' (you see - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one vidijo''' (they see)
 
3. '''-iti Verbs''': The least common type of regular verbs.
 
* '''Example''': ljubiti (to love)
 
* Conjugation:
 
* '''ja ljubim''' (I love)
 
* '''ti ljubiš''' (you love)
 
* '''on/ona ljubi''' (he/she loves)
 
* '''mi ljubimo''' (we love)
 
* '''vi ljubite''' (you love - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one ljubijo''' (they love)


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| delati || deh-lah-tee || to work
|-
| ja delam || yah deh-lahm || I work
|-
| ti delaš || tee deh-lahsh || you work
|-
| on dela || own deh-lah || he works
|-
| ona dela || oh-nah deh-lah || she works
|-
| mi delamo || mee deh-lah-mo || we work
|-
| vi delate || vee deh-lah-teh || you work (formal/plural)
|-
| oni delajo || oh-nee deh-lah-yo || they work
|-
| videti || vee-deh-tee || to see
|-
| ja vidim || yah vee-deem || I see
|-
| ti vidiš || tee vee-deesh || you see
|-
| on vidi || own vee-dee || he sees
|-
| ona vidi || oh-nah vee-dee || she sees
|-
| mi vidimo || mee vee-dee-mo || we see
|-
| vi vidite || vee vee-dee-teh || you see (formal/plural)
|-
| oni vidijo || oh-nee vee-dee-yo || they see
|-
| ljubiti || lyoo-bee-tee || to love
|-
| ja ljubim || yah loo-beem || I love
|-
|-
| Govorim || go-vo-reem || I speak
 
| ti ljubiš || tee loo-beesh || you love
 
|-
|-
| Govoriš || go-vo-reesh || You speak (informal)
 
| on ljubi || own loo-bee || he loves
 
|-
|-
| Govori || go-vo-ree || He/she/it speaks
 
| ona ljubi || oh-nah loo-bee || she loves
 
|-
|-
| Govorimo || go-vo-ree-mo || We speak
 
| mi ljubimo || mee loo-bee-mo || we love
 
|-
|-
| Govorite || go-vo-ree-te || You speak (formal/plural)
 
| vi ljubite || vee loo-bee-teh || you love (formal/plural)
 
|-
|-
| Govorijo || go-vo-ree-yo || They speak
 
| oni ljubijo || oh-nee loo-bee-yo || they love
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the verb "govoriti" is conjugated differently for each subject pronoun. This pattern applies to all regular verbs in Slovenian. Let's explore a few more examples:
=== How to Conjugate Irregular Verbs ===


=== Example 1: "Pisati" (to write) ===
While many verbs are regular, some are irregular and do not follow the standard conjugation rules. Let's look at a few of these verbs.
 
1. '''biti (to be)'''
 
* Conjugation:
 
* '''ja sem''' (I am)
 
* '''ti si''' (you are)
 
* '''on/ona je''' (he/she is)
 
* '''mi smo''' (we are)
 
* '''vi ste''' (you are - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one so''' (they are)
 
2. '''imeti (to have)'''
 
* Conjugation:
 
* '''ja imam''' (I have)
 
* '''ti imaš''' (you have)
 
* '''on/ona ima''' (he/she has)
 
* '''mi imamo''' (we have)
 
* '''vi imate''' (you have - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one imajo''' (they have)
 
3. '''iti (to go)'''
 
* Conjugation:
 
* '''jaz grem''' (I go)
 
* '''ti greš''' (you go)
 
* '''on/ona gre''' (he/she goes)
 
* '''mi gremo''' (we go)
 
* '''vi greste''' (you go - formal/plural)
 
* '''oni/one gredo''' (they go)


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| biti || bee-tee || to be
|-
| ja sem || yah sem || I am
|-
| ti si || tee see || you are
|-
| on je || own yeh || he is
|-
| ona je || oh-nah yeh || she is
|-
|-
| Pišem || peesh-em || I write
 
| mi smo || mee smo || we are
 
|-
|-
| Pišeš || peesh-esh || You write (informal)
 
| vi ste || vee steh || you are (formal/plural)
 
|-
|-
| Piše || peesh-e || He/she/it writes
 
| oni so || oh-nee so || they are
 
|-
|-
| Pišemo || peesh-eh-mo || We write
 
| imeti || ee-meh-tee || to have
 
|-
|-
| Pišete || peesh-eh-te || You write (formal/plural)
 
| ja imam || yah ee-mahm || I have
 
|-
 
| ti imaš || tee ee-mahsh || you have
 
|-
 
| on ima || own ee-mah || he has
 
|-
 
| ona ima || oh-nah ee-mah || she has
 
|-
 
| mi imamo || mee ee-mah-mo || we have
 
|-
|-
| Pišejo || peesh-eh-yo || They write
|}


=== Example 2: "Gledati" (to watch) ===
| vi imate || vee ee-mah-teh || you have (formal/plural)


{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Gledam || gle-dam || I watch
 
| oni imajo || oh-nee ee-mah-yo || they have
 
|-
|-
| Gledaš || gle-dash || You watch (informal)
 
| iti || ee-tee || to go
 
|-
|-
| Gleda || gle-da || He/she/it watches
 
| jaz grem || yahz grehm || I go
 
|-
|-
| Gledamo || gle-da-mo || We watch
 
| ti greš || tee grehsh || you go
 
|-
|-
| Gledate || gle-da-te || You watch (formal/plural)
 
| on gre || own greh || he goes
 
|-
|-
| Gledajo || gle-da-yo || They watch
 
| ona gre || oh-nah greh || she goes
 
|-
 
| mi gremo || mee greh-mo || we go
 
|-
 
| vi greste || vee greh-steh || you go (formal/plural)
 
|-
 
| oni gredo || oh-nee greh-do || they go
 
|}
|}


To conjugate regular verbs in the present tense, simply remove the infinitive ending (-ti, -iti, or -či) and add the appropriate ending based on the subject pronoun. It's important to note that the verb endings may change slightly in certain cases, such as when the stem ends in a vowel. However, these changes follow consistent patterns and can be easily learned through practice.
=== Using Conjugated Verbs in Sentences ===


== Irregular Verbs ==
Now that we’ve covered how to conjugate both regular and irregular verbs, let’s see how to use them in sentences. Here are some examples:


While regular verbs in Slovenian follow a predictable pattern, irregular verbs require special attention as they do not adhere to the regular conjugation rules. In the present tense, irregular verbs undergo changes in their stem or entirely different conjugation patterns. Let's explore a few examples of irregular verbs and their conjugation in the present tense:
1. '''Jaz delam v pisarni.''' (I work in the office.)


=== Example 1: "Biti" (to be) ===
2. '''Ti vidiš film.''' (You see a movie.)


The verb "biti" is highly irregular in Slovenian and has its own unique conjugation pattern:
3. '''On ljubi glasbo.''' (He loves music.)
 
4. '''Mi gremo na sprehod.''' (We are going for a walk.)
 
5. '''Oni so srečni.''' (They are happy.)
 
You can also make questions by simply changing the order of the words:
 
1. '''Ali ti delaš v pisarni?''' (Do you work in the office?)
 
2. '''Ali ona vidi film?''' (Does she see a movie?)
 
3. '''Ali vi imate kolo?''' (Do you have a bike?)
 
4. '''Ali mi gremo na sprehod?''' (Are we going for a walk?)
 
5. '''Ali oni so srečni?''' (Are they happy?)
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
To help solidify your understanding, here are some exercises.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
 
1. Jaz __________ (delati) v trgovini. (I work in the store.)
 
2. Ti __________ (videti) prijatelja. (You see a friend.)
 
3. Ona __________ (ljubiti) naravo. (She loves nature.)
 
4. Mi __________ (iti) na kosilo. (We are going for lunch.)
 
5. Oni __________ (imeti) hišo. (They have a house.)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. delam
 
2. vidiš
 
3. ljubi
 
4. gremo
 
5. imajo
 
==== Exercise 2: Conjugate the verbs ====
 
Conjugate the following verbs based on the subject provided.
 
1. (on) '''biti''' - __________
 
2. (mi) '''imeti''' - __________
 
3. (ti) '''iti''' - __________
 
4. (oni) '''delati''' - __________
 
5. (ona) '''videti''' - __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. je
 
2. imamo
 
3. greš
 
4. delajo
 
5. vidi
 
==== Exercise 3: Sentence construction ====
 
Create sentences using the given subjects and verbs.
 
1. (mi, ljubiti) - __________
 
2. (ti, delati) - __________
 
3. (oni, iti) - __________
 
4. (ja, imeti) - __________
 
5. (on, videti) - __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Mi ljubimo.
 
2. Ti delaš.
 
3. Oni gredo.
 
4. Jaz imam.
 
5. On vidi.
 
==== Exercise 4: Questions ====
 
Transform the following statements into questions.
 
1. Ti delaš doma. - __________
 
2. Ona ima knjigo. - __________
 
3. Mi gremo v kino. - __________
 
4. Oni ljubijo šport. - __________
 
5. Jaz vidim ptico. - __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Ali ti delaš doma?
 
2. Ali ona ima knjigo?
 
3. Ali mi gremo v kino?
 
4. Ali oni ljubijo šport?
 
5. Ali jaz vidim ptico?
 
==== Exercise 5: Translate to Slovenian ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Slovenian.
 
1. I work every day. - __________
 
2. You love music. - __________
 
3. They go to the park. - __________
 
4. She sees the stars. - __________
 
5. We have a dog. - __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Jaz delam vsak dan.
 
2. Ti ljubiš glasbo.
 
3. Oni gredo v park.
 
4. Ona vidi zvezde.
 
5. Mi imamo psa.
 
==== Exercise 6: Verb matching ====
 
Match the verb with its correct conjugation for the subject given.
 
1. (ja) '''biti''' - __________
 
2. (ti) '''iti''' - __________
 
3. (oni) '''imeti''' - __________
 
4. (ona) '''delati''' - __________
 
5. (mi) '''videti''' - __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. sem
 
2. greš
 
3. imajo
 
4. dela
 
5. vidimo
 
==== Exercise 7: Conjugation chart ====
 
Fill out the conjugation chart for the verb "delati."


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Subject !! Conjugation
 
|-
|-
| Sem || sem || I am
 
| ja || __________
 
|-
|-
| Si || see || You are (informal)
 
| ti || __________
 
|-
|-
| Je || ye || He/she/it is
 
| on/ona || __________
 
|-
|-
| Smo || smo || We are
 
| mi || __________
 
|-
|-
| Ste || steh || You are (formal/plural)
 
| vi || __________
 
|-
|-
| So || so || They are
 
| oni/one || __________
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the verb "biti" does not follow the regular conjugation pattern. It is essential to memorize the conjugation of this verb as it is used extensively in everyday speech.
''Solutions:''


=== Example 2: "Imeti" (to have) ===
{| class="wikitable"


The verb "imeti" is another irregular verb in Slovenian. Let's take a look at its conjugation in the present tense:
! Subject !! Conjugation


{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Imam || ee-mam || I have
 
| ja || delam
 
|-
|-
| Imaš || ee-mash || You have (informal)
 
| ti || delaš
 
|-
|-
| Ima || ee-ma || He/she/it has
 
| on/ona || dela
 
|-
|-
| Imamo || ee-ma-mo || We have
 
| mi || delamo
 
|-
|-
| Imate || ee-ma-te || You have (formal/plural)
 
| vi || delate
 
|-
|-
| Imajo || ee-ma-yo || They have
 
| oni/one || delajo
 
|}
|}


Like "biti," the verb "imeti" follows its own unique conjugation pattern. It's important to familiarize yourself with the conjugation of irregular verbs through practice and repetition.
==== Exercise 8: Complete the dialogue ====


== Cultural Insights ==
Complete the dialogue using the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.


Slovenian verb conjugation reflects the cultural nuances and regional variations within Slovenia. While the conjugation rules remain consistent across the country, certain verbs may be more prevalent in specific regions. For example, in the Primorska region, near the Adriatic Sea, verbs related to fishing and maritime activities are more commonly used. In contrast, verbs associated with farming and agriculture may be more prominent in rural areas.
A: '''Kje __________ (iti) danes?'''


Furthermore, the choice of verb forms can convey subtle cultural meanings. For instance, using the formal plural conjugation when addressing a group of people can be seen as a sign of respect and politeness. On the other hand, using the informal conjugation may indicate familiarity and closeness. Understanding these cultural nuances will not only enhance your linguistic abilities but also enable you to navigate social interactions more effectively in different parts of Slovenia.
B: '''Jaz __________ (iti) v trgovino.'''


== Practice Exercises ==
A: '''Ti __________ (imeti) čas?'''


Now that we have covered the basics of verb conjugation in the present tense, let's put your knowledge into practice. Complete the following exercises by conjugating the given verbs in the present tense according to the subject pronoun provided. The solutions and explanations will be provided afterward for your reference.
B: '''Ne, jaz __________ (delati) doma.'''


Exercise 1: Conjugate the verb "brati" (to read) in the present tense for the given subject pronouns:
''Solutions:''


* Jaz (I):
A: Kje greš danes?
* Ti (You, informal):
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it):
* Midva/midve (We, dual):
* Mi (We, plural):
* Vi (You, formal/plural):
* Oni/one/ona (They):  


Exercise 2: Conjugate the verb "kuhati" (to cook) in the present tense for the given subject pronouns:
B: Jaz grem v trgovino.


* Jaz (I):  
A: Ti imaš čas?
* Ti (You, informal):
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it):
* Midva/midve (We, dual):
* Mi (We, plural):
* Vi (You, formal/plural):
* Oni/one/ona (They):


Exercise 3: Conjugate the verb "spati" (to sleep) in the present tense for the given subject pronouns:
B: Ne, jaz delam doma.


* Jaz (I):
==== Exercise 9: Write your own sentences ====
* Ti (You, informal):
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it):
* Midva/midve (We, dual):
* Mi (We, plural):
* Vi (You, formal/plural):
* Oni/one/ona (They):  


== Exercise Solutions ==
Write three sentences using at least one regular and one irregular verb.


Exercise 1: Conjugation of "brati" (to read) in the present tense:
''Solutions will vary based on student responses.''


* Jaz (I): Berem
==== Exercise 10: Group activity ====
* Ti (You, informal): Bereš
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it): Bere
* Midva/midve (We, dual): Berema
* Mi (We, plural): Beremo
* Vi (You, formal/plural): Berete
* Oni/one/ona (They): Berejo


Exercise 2: Conjugation of "kuhati" (to cook) in the present tense:
In pairs, take turns asking each other questions using the present tense verbs. For example: "Ali ti delaš doma?"


* Jaz (I): Kuham
Make sure to keep the conversation going and respond appropriately!
* Ti (You, informal): Kuhaš
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it): Kuha
* Midva/midve (We, dual): Kuhava
* Mi (We, plural): Kuhamo
* Vi (You, formal/plural): Kuhate
* Oni/one/ona (They): Kuhajo


Exercise 3: Conjugation of "spati" (to sleep) in the present tense:
''Solutions will vary based on student interactions.''


* Jaz (I): Spim
With these exercises, you should have ample opportunity to practice your newfound knowledge of present tense verbs in Slovenian. Make sure to review the conjugation patterns regularly, as repetition is key to mastering any language!
* Ti (You, informal): Spiš
* On/ona/ono (He/she/it): Spi
* Midva/midve (We, dual): Spreva
* Mi (We, plural): Spimo
* Vi (You, formal/plural): Spite
* Oni/one/ona (They): Spijo


== Conclusion ==
{{#seo:


Congratulations on completing this lesson on verb conjugation in the present tense in Slovenian! You have gained a solid foundation in understanding and using regular and irregular verbs in everyday conversations. By mastering verb conjugation, you will be able to express yourself more accurately and fluently in the present moment.
|title=Slovenian Grammar - Conjugation of Verbs in the Present Tense


Continue practicing and applying what you have learned in real-life situations. As you progress in your Slovenian language journey, remember to embrace the cultural nuances and regional variations that make the language and its usage unique. The more you immerse yourself in Slovenian culture, the deeper your connection to the language will become.
|keywords=Slovenian, verbs, present tense, conjugation, language learning, grammar


Well done and keep up the fantastic work!
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate basic Slovenian verbs in the present tense, including regular and irregular verbs, and their use in everyday conversation.


{{#seo:
|title=Slovenian Grammar → Unit 2 - Basic Grammar and Sentence Structure → Conjugation of verbs in the present tense
|keywords=Slovenian grammar, Slovenian verbs, present tense conjugation, regular verbs, irregular verbs, cultural insights
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate basic Slovenian verbs in the present tense, including regular and irregular verbs, and their use in everyday conversation. Explore the cultural significance of verb forms and regional variations in Slovenia.
}}
}}


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