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<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indonesian-Nouns|◀️ Indonesian Nouns — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Indonesian/Vocabulary/Basic-Phrases|Next Lesson — Basic Phrases ▶️]]
|}
</span>


{{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
{{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs in Indonesian</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Indonesian Grammar → Basic Grammar → Verbs in Indonesian</div>
Welcome to the lesson on '''Indonesian Verbs'''! Verbs are the heart of any language, acting as the engines that drive sentences forward. In Indonesian, the good news is that verbs are straightforward and don’t require complex conjugation like in English. You won’t have to worry about tenses or aspects just yet, which makes learning verbs in Indonesian a breeze for beginners!
 
In this lesson, we will explore the following:
 
== Introduction to Indonesian Verbs ==
 
Indonesian verbs are unique in that they do not change based on the subject or tense. This simplicity allows learners to focus on vocabulary and sentence structure without getting bogged down in conjugation rules. Understanding how to use verbs correctly is crucial for forming meaningful sentences and expressing yourself in Indonesian.


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As a beginner in learning Indonesian, one of the most important things to master is grammar. This includes knowing how to use verbs correctly in different situations. Unlike in English, Indonesian verbs do not have conjugations, tenses or aspects. This means that the verb remains the same regardless of the subject, time, or aspect of the verb. In this lesson, we will learn how to use Indonesian verbs and how to form sentences using them.
=== The Structure of This Lesson ===
 
1. '''Understanding Indonesian Verbs'''
 
2. '''Common Indonesian Verbs'''
 
3. '''Examples of Verbs in Sentences'''
 
4. '''Practice Exercises'''
 
5. '''Conclusion'''
 
== Understanding Indonesian Verbs ==
 
Indonesian verbs typically consist of a root form, which can be modified by adding prefixes, suffixes, or both. However, for this lesson, we'll focus on the basic root forms without delving into these modifications.
 
=== Key Characteristics of Indonesian Verbs ===
 
* '''No Conjugation''': Verbs do not change based on the subject.
 
* '''No Tense''': The time an action takes place is often indicated by context or additional time indicators.
 
* '''No Aspect''': There is no need to express whether an action is completed or ongoing through verb changes.
 
Here’s a table showcasing some common Indonesian verbs:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| makan || /maˈkan/ || eat
 
|-
 
| minum || /ˈminum/ || drink
 
|-
 
| tidur || /tiˈdur/ || sleep
 
|-
 
| pergi || /pərˈgi/ || go
 
|-
 
| datang || /ˈdatang/ || come
 
|-
 
| lihat || /liˈhat/ || see
 
|-
 
| dengar || /dəˈŋar/ || hear
 
|-
 
| suka || /ˈsuka/ || like
 
|-
 
| benci || /ˈbɛnʧi/ || hate
 
|-
 
| bermain || /bərˈmaɪn/ || play


|}


<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] & [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/May-and-Should|May and Should]].</span>
== Common Indonesian Verbs ==
== Using Indonesian Verbs ==


In Indonesian, verbs are usually placed at the beginning or the end of the sentence. They can also be placed in the middle, but this is less common. Unlike in English, the subject usually comes after the verb. Here is an example:
Let’s explore some of the most commonly used verbs in everyday Indonesian. Familiarizing yourself with these will significantly enhance your ability to communicate.


* Indonesian: Makan saya nasi
=== 1. Makan (Eat) ===
* English: I eat rice


As you can see, the verb "makan" (eat) comes first, followed by the subject "saya" (I) and the object "nasi" (rice).
* '''Example''': Saya makan nasi. (I eat rice.)


Another important feature of Indonesian verbs is that they are not conjugated according to the subject or tense of the sentence. Instead, the same verb form is used for all subjects and all tenses. For example:
=== 2. Minum (Drink) ===


* Indonesian: Saya makan nasi, kamu makan nasi, dia makan nasi, mereka makan nasi
* '''Example''': Dia minum air. (He/She drinks water.)
* English: I eat rice, you eat rice, he/she eats rice, they eat rice


In the above examples, the verb "makan" does not change, regardless of the subject or tense of the sentence.  
=== 3. Tidur (Sleep) ===


Verbs in Indonesian can also take on different meanings depending on context. For example, the verb "tidur" means "to sleep", but it can also mean "to go to bed" or "to rest". Here are some other useful verbs in Indonesian:
* '''Example''': Kami tidur di rumah. (We sleep at home.)
 
=== 4. Pergi (Go) ===
 
* '''Example''': Mereka pergi ke pasar. (They go to the market.)
 
=== 5. Datang (Come) ===
 
* '''Example''': Anda datang besok. (You come tomorrow.)
 
=== 6. Lihat (See) ===
 
* '''Example''': Saya lihat bunga. (I see flowers.)
 
=== 7. Dengar (Hear) ===
 
* '''Example''': Dia dengar musik. (He/She hears music.)
 
=== 8. Suka (Like) ===
 
* '''Example''': Saya suka buku. (I like books.)
 
=== 9. Benci (Hate) ===
 
* '''Example''': Dia benci hujan. (He/She hates rain.)
 
=== 10. Bermain (Play) ===
 
* '''Example''': Anak-anak bermain di taman. (The children play in the park.)
 
== Examples of Verbs in Sentences ==
 
Let’s look at some sentences that incorporate the verbs we discussed. It’s essential to see how verbs fit into the broader context of sentences.
 
Here are more examples illustrated in a table:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| makan || /maˈkan/ || to eat  
 
| Saya makan buah. || /saɪə ˈmaːkən ˈbuwah/ || I eat fruit.
 
|-
|-
| minum || /miˈnum/ || to drink
 
| Kami minum kopi. || /ˈkami ˈminum ˈkɔpi/ || We drink coffee.
 
|-
 
| Dia tidur siang. || /diˈa ˈtiːdur ˈsiang/ || He/She sleeps in the afternoon.
 
|-
 
| Mereka pergi ke sekolah. || /məˈrɛka pərˈgɪ ˈkə səˈkɔlah/ || They go to school.
 
|-
 
| Anda datang ke rumah saya. || /ˈanda ˈdatang kə ˈrumah ˈsaɪə/ || You come to my house.
 
|-
 
| Saya lihat film itu. || /saɪə liˈhat ˈfiləm ˈitu/ || I see that movie.
 
|-
|-
| bicara || /biˈtʃara/ || to speak
 
| Dia dengar suara burung. || /diˈa ˈdəŋar ˈsuara ˈburʊŋ/ || He/She hears the sound of birds.
 
|-
|-
| pergi || /ˈpərɡi/ || to go
 
| Saya suka bermain sepak bola. || /saɪə ˈsuka bərˈmaɪn ˈsepak ˈbɔla/ || I like to play soccer.
 
|-
|-
| datang || /daˈtaŋ/ || to come
 
| Dia benci makanan pedas. || /diˈa ˈbɛnʧi ˈmakənan ˈpədas/ || He/She hates spicy food.
 
|-
|-
| belajar || /bɛˈlaʤar/ || to learn
 
| Anak-anak bermain di pantai. || /ˈanak-ˈanak bərˈmaɪn di ˈpantai/ || The children play at the beach.
 
|}
|}


== Forming Sentences with Indonesian Verbs ==
== Practice Exercises ==


To form sentences in Indonesian, you need to know the basic word order. The usual word order in Indonesian is subject-verb-object (SVO). Here is an example:
Now that you have a good understanding of Indonesian verbs, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises designed to help you practice using verbs in sentences.


* Indonesian: Saya makan nasi
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
* English: I eat rice


In this sentence, "saya" (I) is the subject, "makan" (eat) is the verb, and "nasi" (rice) is the object.
Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the list: (makan, minum, tidur, pergi, datang)


Here are some more examples:
1. Saya ______ kopi setiap pagi. (I drink coffee every morning.)


* Indonesian: Dia belajar bahasa Indonesia
2. Mereka ______ ke pasar setiap Sabtu. (They go to the market every Saturday.)
* English: He is learning Indonesian


* Indonesian: Mereka pergi ke bioskop
3. Dia ______ siang di sofa. (He/She sleeps in the afternoon on the sofa.)
* English: They are going to the movies


* Indonesian: Kamu minum air
4. Kami ______ nasi goreng untuk makan malam. (We eat fried rice for dinner.)
* English: You are drinking water


It is important to note that even in questions, the word order remains the same. The only difference is the use of a question word such as "apa" (what), "siapa" (who), or "dimana" (where) at the beginning of the sentence.
5. Anda ______ ke rumah saya besok. (You come to my house tomorrow.)


Here is an example:
'''Answers:'''


* Indonesian: Apa kamu makan?
1. minum
* English: What are you eating?


As previously mentioned, Indonesian verbs do not have tense or aspect. To indicate time, the time indicator word is added to the sentence. For example, "Sudah" (already) is used to indicate past time, "sedang" (currently) for present time, and "akan" (will) for future time. Here are some examples:
2. pergi


* Indonesian: Saya sedang makan
3. tidur
* English: I am eating (currently)


* Indonesian: Dia sudah belajar bahasa Indonesia
4. makan
* English: He has learned Indonesian (already)


* Indonesian: Mereka akan pergi ke bioskop
5. datang
* English: They will go to the movies


== Conclusion ==  
=== Exercise 2: Match the Sentences ===


Indonesian verbs are an essential part of the language and learning to use them correctly is crucial for effective communication. While there are no conjugations, tenses, or aspects to remember, it is important to pay attention to the word order and time indicators used in sentences. Keep practicing and you'll soon be able to form complete and grammatically correct sentences in Indonesian!
Match the Indonesian sentences with their English translations.


<span class='maj'></span>
1. Saya suka membaca. 
==Sources==
 
* [https://www.indonesianpod101.com/blog/2021/07/08/indonesian-tenses/ Indonesian Tenses: Expressing the Past, Present, and Future]
2. Dia benci hujan. 
* [https://ielanguages.com/indonesian-verbs.html Indonesian Verb Tenses - ielanguages.com]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language Indonesian language - Wikipedia]
3. Kami bermain di taman. 
 
4. Anda lihat bintang. 
 
5. Mereka minum teh. 
 
A. You see stars. 
 
B. They drink tea. 
 
C. I like to read. 
 
D. He/She hates rain. 
 
E. We play in the park.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1 - C 
 
2 - D 
 
3 - E 
 
4 - A 
 
5 - B
 
=== Exercise 3: Create Your Own Sentences ===
 
Using the verbs provided, create your own sentences. Choose at least three verbs and write sentences for each.
 
* Verbs: makan, bermain, datang
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
* Saya makan buah setiap hari. (I eat fruit every day.)
 
* Anak-anak bermain bola di lapangan. (The children play ball in the field.)
 
* Teman saya datang ke rumah saya. (My friend comes to my house.)
 
=== Exercise 4: Verb Conjugation Challenge ===
 
Although verbs do not conjugate, try to use the following verbs in sentences that indicate different times of day.
 
1. Tidur 
 
2. Makan 
 
3. Pergi 
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
* Pagi: Saya tidur pagi ini. (I sleep this morning.)
 
* Siang: Saya makan siang. (I eat lunch.)
 
* Malam: Kami pergi malam. (We go at night.)
 
=== Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following sentences into Indonesian.
 
1. I like to play soccer. 
 
2. They drink coffee every day. 
 
3. We hate spicy food. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Saya suka bermain sepak bola. 
 
2. Mereka minum kopi setiap hari. 
 
3. Kami benci makanan pedas.
 
=== Exercise 6: True or False ===
 
Determine whether the statements about Indonesian verbs are true or false.
 
1. Indonesian verbs change depending on the subject.
 
2. There are different forms for past, present, and future tenses in Indonesian verbs. 
 
3. You can use the same verb form regardless of who is performing the action. 
 
4. Verbs in Indonesian require prefixes and suffixes to be understood. 
 
5. The context usually provides the time reference of the action.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. False 
 
2. False 
 
3. True 
 
4. False 
 
5. True
 
=== Exercise 7: Verb Association ===
 
List three verbs that you associate with each of the following nouns:
 
1. Makanan (Food) 
 
2. Tempat (Place) 
 
3. Aktivitas (Activity) 
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
1. Makanan: makan, masak, beli 
 
2. Tempat: pergi, datang, tinggal 
 
3. Aktivitas: bermain, belajar, bekerja 
 
=== Exercise 8: Create a Dialogue ===
 
Write a short dialogue using at least five verbs from this lesson.
 
'''Example Dialogue:'''
 
* A: Apa yang kamu makan? (What are you eating?)
 
* B: Saya makan nasi. (I am eating rice.)
 
* A: Apakah kamu suka nasi? (Do you like rice?)
 
* B: Ya, saya suka. (Yes, I like it.)
 
* A: Mari kita pergi ke pasar. (Let’s go to the market.)
 
=== Exercise 9: Verb Flashcards ===
 
Create flashcards for the verbs learned in this lesson. Write the Indonesian word on one side and the English translation on the other. Practice with a partner.
 
=== Exercise 10: Verb Storytelling ===
 
Write a short story using as many verbs from this lesson as possible. Share your story with the class!
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Indonesian verbs! You should now have a solid understanding of how to use basic verbs in sentences without the complications of conjugation or tense. Practice regularly, and soon you will be able to express yourself clearly and confidently in Indonesian!


Keep exploring the wonders of the Indonesian language, and I look forward to seeing you in the next lesson!


<span link>With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Basic Grammar: Verbs in Indonesian
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, basic grammar, verbs, Indonesian lessons, learning Indonesian, beginner Indonesian, Indonesian course
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Understanding Verbs
|description=Learn how to use Indonesian verbs and how to form sentences using them in this lesson. Unlike in English, Indonesian verbs do not have conjugations, tenses or aspects.
 
|keywords=Indonesian verbs, language learning, Indonesian grammar, beginner Indonesian, verbs in Indonesian
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use Indonesian verbs without conjugation, tense, or aspect, making it easier for beginners to communicate effectively.
 
}}
}}


{{Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Indonesian Me Verbs - YouTube===
===Indonesian Me Verbs - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n776Nd_M1yI</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n776Nd_M1yI</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://www.indonesianpod101.com/blog/2021/07/08/indonesian-tenses/ Indonesian Tenses: Expressing the Past, Present, and Future]
* [https://ielanguages.com/indonesian-verbs.html Indonesian Verb Tenses - ielanguages.com]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language Indonesian language - Wikipedia]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Weather-in-Indonesian|Weather in Indonesian]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Weather-in-Indonesian|Weather in Indonesian]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]


{{Indonesian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Indonesian-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
 
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
 
|[[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indonesian-Nouns|◀️ Indonesian Nouns — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Indonesian/Vocabulary/Basic-Phrases|Next Lesson — Basic Phrases ▶️]]
|}
</span>
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