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<div class="pg_page_title">Mesopotamian Arabic Grammar - Pronouns</div> | <div class="pg_page_title">Mesopotamian Arabic Grammar - Pronouns</div> | ||
Hi Mesopotamian Arabic learners! 😊<br>In | |||
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/mesopotamian-arabic Mesopotamian Arabic] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will be focusing on pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic. Pronouns are small words used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. They are key to building efficient and effective sentences. | |||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
== | == Personal Pronouns == | ||
Personal pronouns are used to represent a specific person or thing. They can be either subject pronouns or object pronouns, depending on their function in the sentence. Here are the personal pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Mesopotamian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |||
| أنا || ana || I | |||
|- | |||
| أنتَ || anta || you (masculine, singular) | |||
|- | |||
| أنتِ || anti || you (feminine, singular) | |||
|- | |||
| هوَ || huwa || he | |||
|- | |||
| هيَ || hiya || she | |||
|- | |||
| نَحنُ || nahnu || we | |||
|- | |||
| أنتُما || antuma || you (dual) | |||
|- | |||
| أنتُم || antum || you (masculine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| أنتُنَّ || antunna || you (feminine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| هما || huma || they (dual) | |||
|- | |||
| هُم || hum || they (masculine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| هُنَّ || hunna || they (feminine, plural) | |||
|} | |||
Here's an example dialogue: | |||
* Person 1: أنا طالب. (Ana talib.) - "I am a student." | |||
* Person 2: أنتِ طالبة؟ (Anti taliba?) - "Are you a student?" | |||
As you may have noticed, Arabic is a gendered language. The feminine and masculine forms of the pronouns are used depending on the gender of the noun being replaced. | |||
== Demonstrative Pronouns == | |||
Demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate specific people or objects in relation to the speaker. They can be either near or far in distance or time. Here are the demonstrative pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Mesopotamian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |||
| هذا || hadha || this (masculine) | |||
|- | |||
| هذه || hadhihi || this (feminine) | |||
|- | |||
| ذلك || dhalika || that (masculine) | |||
|- | |||
| ذلكَ || dhalika || that (feminine) | |||
|} | |||
Here's an example dialogue: | |||
* Person 1: هذا كتابي. (Hadha kitabi.) - "This is my book." | |||
* Person 2: هذه قلمي. (Hadhihi qalami.) - "This is my pen." | |||
== Possessive Pronouns == | |||
Possessive pronouns show ownership of a specific object or person. In Mesopotamian Arabic, they are attached to the end of a noun. Here are the possessive pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic: | |||
= | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Mesopotamian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |||
| ي || yi- || my | |||
|- | |||
| كَ || ka- || your (masculine, singular) | |||
|- | |||
| كِ || ki- || your (feminine, singular) | |||
|- | |||
| هُوَ || huwa- || his | |||
|- | |||
| هِيَ || hiya- || hers | |||
|- | |||
| نَحنُ || naHnu- || our | |||
|- | |||
| كُما || kuma- || you (dual) | |||
|- | |||
| كُم || kum- || your (masculine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| كُنَّ || kunna- || your (feminine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| هُمَا || huma- || their (dual) | |||
|- | |||
| هُم || hum- || their (masculine, plural) | |||
|- | |||
| هُنَّ || hunna- || their (feminine, plural) | |||
|} | |||
Here's an example dialogue: | |||
* | * Person 1: هذا كتابي. (Hadha kitabi.) - "This is my book." | ||
* | * Person 2: هذه قلمي. (Hadhihi qalami.) - "This is my pen." | ||
== | == Interrogative Pronouns == | ||
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. In Mesopotamian Arabic, they are similar to the English pronouns "who," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how." Here are the interrogative pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Mesopotamian Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |||
| من || man || who | |||
|- | |||
| ما || ma || what, why | |||
|- | |||
| أين || 'ayna || where | |||
|- | |||
| متى || mata || when | |||
|- | |||
| لِماذا || limadha || why | |||
|- | |||
| كيف || kayf || how | |||
|} | |||
Here's an example dialogue: | |||
* Person 1: من هوَ هذا؟ (Man huwa hadha?) - "Who is this?" | |||
* Person 2: هذا أخي. (Hadha akhi.) - "This is my brother." | |||
Remember, to improve your [[Language/Mesopotamian-arabic|Mesopotamian Arabic]] [[Language/Mesopotamian-arabic/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=4390 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/mesopotamian-arabic/question questions]! | |||
== Sources == | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_pronouns Arabic Pronouns Wikipedia Page] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstrative Wikipedia Article on Demonstrative Pronouns] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessive_pronoun Wikipedia Article on Possessive Pronouns] | |||
{{#seo: | |||
|title=Mesopotamian Arabic Grammar - Pronouns | |||
|keywords=mesopotamian arabic, language, grammar, pronouns, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, personal, arabic | |||
|description=Learn and understand the different types of pronouns in Mesopotamian Arabic with examples and useful tables. | |||
}} | |||
{{Mesopotamian-arabic-Page-Bottom}} | {{Mesopotamian-arabic-Page-Bottom}} |
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