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In today's lesson, you will learn how to write the different letters of the Korean alphabet, how to pronounce these letters whether it is through the International Phonetic Alphabet <span class="notranslate">(IPA)</span>, or through a video with the pronunciation of the letters by a native speaker.
In today's lesson, you will learn how to write the different letters of the Korean alphabet, how to pronounce these letters whether it is through the International Phonetic Alphabet <span class="notranslate">(IPA)</span>, or through a video with the pronunciation of the letters by a native speaker.
You will also find at the end of this lesson a virtual keyboard to be able to type each special character of the Korean language.
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As part of a project abandoned in 2012, South Korea sought to export the alphabet abroad to provide a writing system for linguistic minorities lacking a proper writing system.
As part of a project abandoned in 2012, South Korea sought to export the alphabet abroad to provide a writing system for linguistic minorities lacking a proper writing system.


You will also find at the end of this lesson a virtual keyboard to be able to type each special character of the Korean language.


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The Korean language has 40 different letters. While learning Korean, it is incredibly important to learn the alphabet, especially if you ever want to become fluent in a language. This is because some of the pronunciations are very similar to one another, and this can become confusing. Another reason is because the letters don't sound exactly like the romanticized versions of the letters.  
The Korean language has 40 different letters. While learning Korean, it is incredibly important to learn the alphabet, especially if you ever want to become fluent in a language. This is because some of the pronunciations are very similar to one another, and this can become confusing. Another reason is because the letters don't sound exactly like the romanticized versions of the letters.  




The Chinese writing system is considered logographic. Korean also uses <span class="notranslate">Hanja</span> and Japanese uses <span class="notranslate">Kanji</span>, which would both be considered logographic.  
The Chinese writing system is considered logographic. Korean also uses <span class="notranslate">Hanja</span> and Japanese uses <span class="notranslate">Kanji</span>, which would both be considered logographic.  


Japanese <span class="notranslate">Hiragana</span>, <span class="notranslate">Katakana</span> and <span class="notranslate">Hangeul</span> are all phonographic but that <span class="notranslate">Hangeul</span> has the distinction of also being phonocharacterized. Initially, the alphabet had twenty-eight main letters, which over time have been reduced to twenty-four.  
Japanese <span class="notranslate">Hiragana</span>, <span class="notranslate">Katakana</span> and <span class="notranslate">Hangeul</span> are all phonographic but that <span class="notranslate">Hangeul</span> has the distinction of also being phonocharacterized. Initially, the alphabet had twenty-eight main letters, which over time have been reduced to twenty-four.  


Eight are considered basic sounds, and from these derive all the other consonants and vowels. We must first distinguish between:  
Eight are considered basic sounds, and from these derive all the other consonants and vowels. We must first distinguish between:  
* 5 basic consonants <span class="notranslate">[ㄱ, ㄴ,ㅁ,ㅅ,ㅇ]</span> from which derive the fourteen simple consonants.
* 5 basic consonants <span class="notranslate">[ㄱ, ㄴ,ㅁ,ㅅ,ㅇ]</span> from which derive the fourteen simple consonants.
* 3 basic vowels <span class="notranslate">[ •, ㅣ, ㅡ]</span> from which derive the first ten, simple, or iotized, vowels.  
* 3 basic vowels <span class="notranslate">[ •, ㅣ, ㅡ]</span> from which derive the first ten, simple, or iotized, vowels.  




From the fourteen simple consonants <span class="notranslate">(ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ)</span> are derived in turn five double consonants <span class="notranslate">(ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ)</span> and eleven complex combinations <span class="notranslate">(ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄶ, ㄺ, ㄼ, ㄻ, ㄽ, ㄿ, ㄾ, ㅀ, ㅄ)</span>.  
From the fourteen simple consonants <span class="notranslate">(ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ)</span> are derived in turn five double consonants <span class="notranslate">(ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ)</span> and eleven complex combinations <span class="notranslate">(ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄶ, ㄺ, ㄼ, ㄻ, ㄽ, ㄿ, ㄾ, ㅀ, ㅄ)</span>.  


The ten simple vowels <span class="notranslate">(ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅗ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅣ)</span> are followed by four complex vowels <span class="notranslate">(ㅐ,ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ)</span> and seven diphthongs <span class="notranslate">(ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅢ)</span>.
The ten simple vowels <span class="notranslate">(ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅗ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅣ)</span> are followed by four complex vowels <span class="notranslate">(ㅐ,ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ)</span> and seven diphthongs <span class="notranslate">(ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅢ)</span>.
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[[File:Korean-Language-simple-vowels2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
[[File:Korean-Language-simple-vowels2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
<hr>
<hr>
</span>


<span class="notranslate">
*ㅏ  [a]
*ㅏ  [a]
*ㅓ  [eo]
*ㅓ  [eo]
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[[File:Korean-Language-SIMPLE-consonants2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
[[File:Korean-Language-SIMPLE-consonants2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
<hr>
<hr>
</span>


 
*ㄱ  [k, g]
*ㄱ  [k, g] - Combination of the two sounds.
*ㄴ  [n]
*ㄴ  [n]
*ㅁ  [m]
*ㅁ  [m]
*ㅅ  [s] - At the end of a syllable, it sounds closer to a "t".
*ㅅ  [s]
*ㅇ  [ng] - At the beginning of a syllable, it is silent. At the end of a syllable, it sounds like "ng".
*ㅇ  [ng]
*ㅋ  [k] - Hard "k" sound.
*ㅋ  [k]
*ㄷ  [d, t] - Normally sounds like a soft "d", but is sometimes romanticized as a "t".
*ㄷ  [d, t]
*ㅂ  [b, p, f, v] - This sounds closest to a "b", but it is romanticized into any of these 4.
*ㅂ  [b, p, f, v]
*ㅈ  [j]
*ㅈ  [j]
*ㅌ  [t] - Hard "t" sound.
*ㅌ  [t]
*ㅍ  [p]
*ㅍ  [p]
*ㅊ  [ch]
*ㅊ  [ch]
*ㅎ  [h]
*ㅎ  [h]
*ㄹ  [r, l] - Native Korean speakers are frequently unable to tell the difference between an "r" and an "l" sound, therefore, this letters sounds like a combination of the two.
*ㄹ  [r, l]
 
</span>


===Compound Vowels===
===Compound Vowels===
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[[File:Korean-Language-COMPLEX-vowels2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
[[File:Korean-Language-COMPLEX-vowels2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
<hr>
<hr>
</span>
 
*ㅐ  [ae]
*ㅐ  [ae]
*ㅔ  [e]
*ㅔ  [e]
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*ㅖ  [ye]
*ㅖ  [ye]


</span>
===Diphtongs===
===Diphtongs===
<span class="notranslate">
<span class="notranslate">
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[[File:Korean-Language-diphtongs2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
[[File:Korean-Language-diphtongs2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
<hr>
<hr>
</span>
 


*ㅙ  [wae]
*ㅙ  [wae]
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*ㅟ  [wi]
*ㅟ  [wi]


</span>
===Double Consonants===
===Double Consonants===
<span class="notranslate">
<span class="notranslate">
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[[File:Korean-Language-DOUBLE-consonants2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
[[File:Korean-Language-DOUBLE-consonants2-PolyglotClub.jpg]]
<hr>
<hr>
</span>
 


*ㄲ  [kk]
*ㄲ  [kk]
*ㄸ  [tt]
*ㄸ  [tt]
*ㅃ  [pp]
*ㅃ  [pp]
*ㅆ  [ss] - Like the single version of this letter, when it is at the end of a syllable, it sounds closer to a "tt" sound.
*ㅆ  [ss]
*ㅉ  [jj]
*ㅉ  [jj]
</span>


===Complex combinations===
===Complex combinations===
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