Language/Breton/Grammar/Future-Tense

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Breton Grammar - Future Tense

Hi Breton learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will be exploring the future tense in Breton grammar.


After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Plurals & Adjectives.

What is the Future Tense in Breton?[edit | edit source]

The future tense is used to express actions that will take place at some point in the future. In Breton, the future tense is created by using the verb a vo followed by the infinitive of the main verb.

Here is an example:

Breton Pronunciation English
Ec'h adskoaz da labourat [ɛx adskwa:z da labo'rat] I will start working

In this example, the future tense is created by using the verb a vo followed by the infinitive labourat, meaning "to work".

How to Form the Future Tense in Breton[edit | edit source]

To form the future tense in Breton, follow these steps:

1. Take the verb you want to use in the future tense and remove the endings (such as -an or -ez).

2. Add a vo to the stem of the verb. For example, for labourat (to work), the stem would be labour.

3. Add the personal endings for the future tense:

Person Breton Pronunciation English
1st singular Ec'h vene da ... [ɛx ve:'ne da ...] I will ... 2nd singular Ec'h vini da ... [ɛx vi:'ni da ...] You will ... 3rd singular Ec'h voe da ... [ɛx vo:'e da ...] He/She/It will ... 1st plural Ec'h vonit da ... [ɛx vo'niːt da ...] We will ... 2nd plural Ec'h vonoc'h da ... [ɛx vo'no:x da ...] You all will ... 3rd plural Ec'h vonont da ... [ɛx vo'nont da ...] They will ...

4. Add the infinitive of the main verb after the personal ending.

Here are some more examples:

Breton Pronunciation English
Da vont amañ [da von't amaɲ] I will come here
Ec'h vonene da gervel [ɛx vo'neː.ne da ɡɛr'vel] We will try
Ec'h vonoc'h da gousket [ɛx von'o:x da ɡuskɛt] You all will sleep

As you can see, the future tense in Breton is relatively straightforward once you understand the pattern.

Irregular Future Tense Verbs in Breton[edit | edit source]

While the majority of verbs in Breton follow the regular pattern when it comes to forming the future tense, there are a few irregular verbs that require a different approach. Here are a few examples:

  • Bezañ (to be):
Person Breton Pronunciation English
1st singular Ec'h vo pevar [ɛx vo 'pɛvɑr] I will be 2nd singular Ec'h vo pevas [ɛx vo 'pɛvɑs] You will be 3rd singular Ec'h vo peus [ɛx vo 'pøːs] He/She/It will be 1st plural Ec'h vo pemdez [ɛx vo 'pɛmdɛs] We will be 2nd plural Ec'h vo pevomp [ɛx vo 'pɛvɔ̃np] You all will be 3rd plural Ec'h vo penaos [ɛx vo pɛˈnows] They will be
  • Kaout (to have):
Person Breton Pronunciation English
1st singular Ec'h vo kavet [ɛx vo ka:'vɛt] I will have 2nd singular Ec'h vo kavas [ɛx vo ka:'vɑz] You will have 3rd singular Ec'h vo kav [ɛx vo ka:v] He/She/It will have 1st plural Ec'h vo kavomp [ɛx vo ka'vɔmp] We will have 2nd plural Ec'h vo kavoc'h [ɛx vo ka'vo:x] You all will have 3rd plural Ec'h vo kavont [ɛx vo ka'vɔnt] They will have
  • Ober (to do):
Person Breton Pronunciation English
1st singular Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] I will do 2nd singular Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] You will do 3rd singular Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] He/She/It will do 1st plural Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] We will do 2nd plural Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] You all will do 3rd plural Ec'h vo graet [ɛx vo 'grɛːt] They will do

Using the Future Tense in Conversation[edit | edit source]

Let's take a look at a dialogue to see how the future tense can be used in context:

  • Person 1: Ec'h adskoaz da labourat. ([I will start working])
  • Person 2: Mat eo, me zo o vont da varc'hiañ dre an douar hiziv. ([Ok, I'm going to walk around the countryside today.])

In this example, person 1 uses the future tense to express their intention to start working. Person 2 then responds with a plan to walk around the countryside, also using the future tense with me zo o vont da (I am going to...).

Remember, the Breton language is not only a tool for communication, but also a way to understand the Breton culture and its traditions.

To improve your Breton Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

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