Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns

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Lesson on Kirghiz Grammar: Personal Pronouns

Introduction Personal pronouns are words used to replace nouns and they refer to people or things in a sentence. They are crucial in language because they provide a way of avoiding redundancy and repetition in speech or writing. Kirghiz, a Turkic language spoken in Kyrgyzstan and surrounding areas, has its own set of personal pronouns, and in this lesson, we will explore their usage and forms in Kirghiz.

Subject Pronouns

Subject pronouns are used to replace the subject of a sentence. The following table shows the subject pronouns in Kirghiz:

Kirghiz	English
Мен	I
Сен	You
Ал	He/She
Биз	We
Сиз	You all
Алар	They

Examples:

• Мен жашырмын. (I am singing.)
• Сен жаздың ба? (Did you write it?)
• Ал келди. (He/She came.)
• Биз ойлойбуз. (We are thinking.)
• Сиздер кайда? (Where are you all?)
• Алар жүрүүдө. (They are walking.)

Object Pronouns

Object pronouns are used to replace the object of a sentence. The following table shows the object pronouns in Kirghiz:

Kirghiz	English
Мені	Me
Сени	You
Аны	Him/Her
Бизди	Us
Сизди	You all
Аларды	Them

Examples:

• Мені көрдүңбү? (Did you see me?)
• Сени күтөтүм. (I am waiting for you.)
• Аны катарында жакшы. (He/She is doing well.)
• Бизди билүү. (Understand us.)
• Сизди бийлетмекчибиз. (We will not forget you all.)
• Аларды калайык? (Where are they?)

Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns are used to show possession or ownership. The following table shows the possessive pronouns in Kirghiz:

Kirghiz	English
Менин	My
Сенин	Your
Анын	His/Her
Биздин	Our
Сиздин	Your all
Алардын	Their

Examples:

• Менин китабым. (My book.)
• Сенин айлығың. (Your house.)
• Анын окуучусу. (His/Her student.)
• Биздин тамашамыз. (Our car.)
• Сиздин номериңиз. (Your all's number.)
• Алардын мектеби. (Their school.)

Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and object of a sentence are the same. The following table shows the reflexive pronouns in Kirghiz:

Түзүү	English
Менен	Myself
Сенден	Yourself
Алдан	Himself/Herself
Бизден	Ourselves
Сизден	Yourselves
Алардан	Themselves

Examples:

• Менен туруп жатам. (I am sitting myself.)
• Сенден суу алам. (You can get water for yourself.)
• Алдан жыйылып жатат. (He/She is sitting himself/herself up.)
• Бизден башын жылдыз. (We are asking ourselves questions.)
• Сизден төмөнөлөтүп көзөмөл. (You all need to reflect on yourselves.)
• Алардан билер мурдашкалардын өзүндөрү. (They are grooming themselves as friends.)

Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. The following table shows the interrogative pronouns in Kirghiz:

Kirghiz	English
Ким	Who
Эмне	What
Кандай	How
Кайда	Where
Качан	When
Неге	Why
Кандай жерде?	Whereabouts?

Examples:

• Ким бар? (Who is there?)
• Эмне окуп жатат? (What is being read?)
• Кандай жана менен? (How am I?)
• Кайда жүрөтүң? (Where are you walking?)
• Качан келесиң? (When are you coming?)
• Неге ошондой? (Why like that?)
• Кандай жерде жататын? (Whereabouts do they live?)

Conclusion

Personal pronouns are important in communication, and knowing how to use them correctly can greatly improve one's language proficiency. Kirghiz has its own set of personal pronouns that are used in different contexts, and this lesson has provided an overview of their forms and usage. With this knowledge, learners of Kirghiz can better navigate the language and express themselves more effectively.

Table of Contents - Kirghiz Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Noun Cases
• Personal Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationship Status

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

  ---

Food and Dining

• Meals and Ingredients
• Ordering at a Restaurant

  ---

Kirghiz Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Traditional Clothing

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjective Agreement
• Comparative and Superlative

  ---

Weather and Seasons

• Seasons
• Weather Conditions

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Kirghiz Literature and Music

• Famous Writers and Poets
• Traditional Music and Instruments

Other Lessons

• Noun Cases
• Comparative and Superlative
• Gender
• Nouns
• Conditional Mood
• Negation
• Future Tense
• Adjectives
• Present Tense

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Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️