Language/Javanese/Grammar/Future-Tense
Hi Javanese learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about the future tense in Javanese language. The future tense is used to describe a future action, occurrence or state. The future tense in Javanese is formed by using the word "bakal".
Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: Adverbs of Manner & Give your Opinion.
Bakal - The Future Marker[edit | edit source]
"Bakal" is used to indicate future tense in Javanese. It is placed before the verb. Let's see some examples:
| Javanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Bakal jeneng sak-anie | /ba.kal je.neŋ sak a.ni.e/ | Will be named later |
| Bakal gawe saiki | /ba.kal ga.we sai.ki/ | Will make it now |
| Bakal lunga nggih | /ba.kal lu.ŋa ŋɡih/ | Will go there |
| Bakal mangan esuk | /ba.kal ma.ŋan e.suk/ | Will eat tomorrow |
Dialogue[edit | edit source]
Let's practice using the future tense in a dialogue:
- Person 1: Nggih, kanthi Taufik isih mangan 🤔 (Yes, Taufik is still eating 🤔 )
- Person 2: Nanti bakal mangan mlebu sawah 🍞 (He will eat again in the rice field later 🍞)
- Person 1: Wow, Taufik sehat sekali ya 👌 (Wow, Taufik's health is really good 👌 )
- Person 2: Iya benar. Nanti bakal nari sandiwara ing kutho. 🎞 (Yes, that's right. He will go to the theater in town later. 🎞)
Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]
As in any language, there are some verbs in Javanese that have an irregular future tense. Here are some examples:
| Javanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Bakal wis ora ana | /ba.kal wis ora ana/ | There will be no more |
| Bakal takon njawi Taufik | /ba.kal ta.kon ɲa.wi tau.fik/ | Will ask Taufik |
| Bakal ulih nggowo panggonan iki | /ba.kal u.lih ŋɡo.wo paŋ.ɡo.nan i.ki/ | Will be able to use this place |
| Bakal arep jupuk pesenan sing wis diwisuda | /ba.kal a.ɾep du.puk pe.se.nan siŋ wis di.wi.su.da/ | Will pick up the order that has been processed |
In the first example, the word "ana" means "exist", but in this case, it means "there is".
Culture and Interesting Facts[edit | edit source]
In Javanese culture, it is important to use the correct level of formality when speaking to others. This is reflected in the use of different pronouns for different levels of respect. For example, the word "aku" is less formal than "kula" or "kulo".
Additionally, Javanese language has a traditional script called "hanacaraka" or "carakan". It is an abugida, a writing system in which consonants are represented, and vowel notation marks or diacritics are used to modify the consonant letter to represent a syllable. The hanacaraka script has been used since the 15th century and is still used today for ceremonial and cultural purposes.
If you want to learn more about Javanese language and culture, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!
Summary[edit | edit source]
The future tense in Javanese is formed by using the word "bakal". We learned some examples and how to form the tense correctly. We also saw some irregular verbs and cultural information related to Javanese language.
Keep practicing and don't forget to check the Javanese Grammar section for more lessons!
➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
Sources[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]