Language/Odia/Grammar/Conjunctions
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Conjunctions in Odia[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, you will learn about Odia conjunctions, which are words that join clauses or sentences to express a connection between ideas or actions. Conjunctions are essential to communicating effectively in any language, and Odia is no exception. By the end of this lesson, you will understand the most common Odia conjunctions, their usage, and the difference between them.
Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions join two or more independent clauses, or coordinate clauses, that have equal importance in a sentence. In Odia, coordinating conjunctions are:
Odia | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ଓ | ō | and |
କିନ୍ତୁ | kintu | but |
ଅଥବା | athabā | or |
ତଥା | tathā | and |
ନେଇଁ ତାହାଲେ | neiṅ tāhāle | nevertheless |
ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନମେଂ | barttamanamẽ | meanwhile |
Some examples using coordinating conjunctions:
- ମୋ ଭାଇ ଖେଳିବାକୁ ଇଚ୍ଛା କରୁଛନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ମୁଁ ପାଇଁ ପରରେ ନାହିଁ। (My brother wants to play and I am not up for it.)
- ସିମା ପକ୍ଷରେ ଖେଳିଲେ କିନ୍ତୁ ଅଣ୍ଡା କାଟିଦେଲା। (Simā played on the side, but an egg was cracked.)
- ନୀଳାମ୍ବର ଭାଇଙ୍କ ସାମାନ୍ୟରେ ମାଛ ପାଇଁ ଯାଉଛି ଅଥବା ତା ମାଛ ଖରୀଦିବା। (Neelāmbara's brother is going to buy fish as usual or he will buy that fish.)
Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions join a subordinate clause, which relies on an independent clause to form a complete sentence. The subordinate conjunctions in Odia are:
Odia | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ଯେ | je | that / which |
ଯେତେ | jetē | as far as / as many as |
ଯେଉଁଠି | jeuṭhi | wherever |
ଯତ୍ ପାଇଁ | yatt pāiṅ | so that |
କାରଣ | kāraṇa | because |
ଯଦି | yadi | if |
Examples of subordinating conjunctions:
- ସଖ୍ୟରେ ଏକ ମହିଳା ଆସିଲା ଯେଉଁଠି ଅସ୍ଥାୟୀ ହସ୍ପିଟାଲରେ ଭର୍ତ୍ତି କରାଯାଇଥିଲେ। (A woman came to the city wherever there was a temporary hospital.)
- ଉପର୍ଯ୍ୟାଚା ଛାତିର ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଜାଣନ୍ତୁ ଯେତେ କାଲ ଘଟିବା ପରେ କତେହାସିବ ସମ୍ଭବ ନାହିଁ। (They must know about the present of the roof so that they will not be surprised by what will happen when it is gone.)
- ଅନ୍ୟ ଦେଶ ଜାଏଲା ଯଦି ଭାରତରେ ବ୍ୟାପାର ଘଟନ୍ତୁ ଆଧାରରେ ହେଉଛି ନାହିଁ। (If business happens in India based on evidence, it will not go to another country.)
Correlative Conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions function in pairs to show a relationship between two clauses in a sentence. The most common correlative conjunctions in Odia are:
Odia | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ଏଥରେ...କିନ୍ତୁ | etharē...kintu | either...or |
ନାହିଁ...ବରେ | nāhiṅ...bare | neither...nor |
ଇହାଣ୍ତି...ସେଥାଣ୍ତି | ihānti...sethānti | here...there |
Examples of correlative conjunctions in use:
- ମନୋରଂଜନ
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Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Questions
- 0 to A1 Course
- Present Tense
- How to Use Be
- Basic Adjectives
- Adjectives
- Basic Prepositions
- Basic Syllable Formation
- Conditional Mood
Sources[edit | edit source]
◀️ Basic Prepositions — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Major Festivals ▶️ |