Language/Standard-moroccan-tamazight/Grammar/Verb-to-be
Verb to be in Tamazight have two meanings.
1st is "g" which indicate condition
I am | gigh | we are | nga |
---|---|---|---|
you are(m)
you are(f) |
tgit | you are(m.p)
you are(f.p) |
tgam
tgamt |
he is | iga | they are(m)
they are (f) |
gan
gant |
she is | tga |
2nd "ili" indicates location /place
i am | lligh | we are | nlla |
---|---|---|---|
you are(m)
you are (f) |
tllit | you are(m.p)
you are(f.p) |
tllam
tllamt |
he is | illa | they are (m) | llan
llant |
she is | tlla |
To negate "g" and "ili" we add"ur"before the verb wnd we change all the "a" to "i"
– Amyag Amaziɣ (The Berber verb):
ili = to be / to exist.
– Amezray unzil (The simple past, valid in the present too):
Nec lliɣ = I am.
Cek tellid = You (man) are.
Cem tellid = You (woman) are.
Netta yella = He is.
Nettat tella = She is.
Neccin nella = We are.
Kenniw tellam = You (men) are.
Kennint tellamt = You (women) are.
Nitni llan = They (men) are.
Nitenti llant = They (women) are.
– Amezray unzil anabaw (The negative simple past, valid in the present too):
Nec wer lliɣ = I am not.
Cek wer tellid = You (man) are not.
Cem wer tellid = You (woman) are not.
Netta wer yelli = He is not.
Nettat wer telli = She is not.
Neccin wer nelli = We are not.
Kenniw wer tellim = You (men) are not.
Kennint wer tellimt = You (women) are not.
Nitni wer llin = They (men) are not.
Nitenti wer llint = They (women) are not.
– Amezray ummid / izri ummid (The perfect past):
Nec ttuɣa lliɣ = I was. / I had been.
Cek ttuɣa tellid = You (man) were. / You had been.
Cem ttuɣa tellid = You (woman) were. / You had been.
Netta ttuɣa yella = He was. / He had been.
Nettat ttuɣa tella = She was. / She had been.
Neccin ttuɣa nella = We were. / We had been.
Kenniw ttuɣa tellam = You (men) were. / You had been.
Kennint ttuɣa tellamt = You (women) were. / You had been.
Nitni ttuɣa llan = They (men) were. / They had been.
Nitenti ttuɣa llant = They (women) were. / They had been.
– Amezray ummid anabaw (The negative perfect past):
Nec ttuɣa wer lliɣ = I was not. / I had not been.
Cek ttuɣa wer tellid = You (man) were not. / You had not been.
Cem ttuɣa wer tellid = You (woman) were not. / You had not been.
Netta ttuɣa wer yelli = He was not. / He had not been.
Nettat ttuɣa wer telli = She was not. / She had not been.
Neccin ttuɣa wer nelli = We were not. / We had not been.
Kenniw ttuɣa wer tellim = You (men) were not. / You had not been.
Kennint ttuɣa wer tellimt = You (women) were not. / You had not been.
Nitni ttuɣa wer llin = They (men) were not. / They had not been.
Nitenti ttuɣa wer llint = They (women) were not. / They had not been.
– Amezray amasul / izri imezgi (The continuous past):
Nec ttuɣa ttiliɣ = I was being.
Cek ttuɣa tettilid = You (man) were being.
Cem ttuɣa tettilid = You (woman) were being.
Netta ttuɣa yettili = He was being.
Nettat ttuɣa tettili = She was being.
Neccin ttuɣa nettili = We were being.
Kenniw ttuɣa tettilim = You (men) were being.
Kennint ttuɣa tettilimt = You (women) were being.
Nitni ttuɣa ttilin = They (men) were being.
Nitenti ttuɣa ttilint = They (women) were being.
– Amezray amasul anabaw (The negative continuous past):
Nec ttuɣa wer ttiliɣ = I was not being.
Cek ttuɣa wer tettilid = You (man) were not being.
Cem ttuɣa wer tettilid = You (woman) were not being.
Netta ttuɣa wer yettili = He was not being.
Nettat ttuɣa wer tettili = She was not being.
Neccin ttuɣa wer nettili = We were not being.
Kenniw ttuɣa wer tettilim = You (men) were not being.
Kennint ttuɣa wer tettilimt = You (women) were not being.
Nitni ttuɣa wer ttilin = They (men) were not being.
Nitenti ttuɣa wer ttilint = They (women) were not being.
– Aturaw imezgi / imiran amasul (The continuous present):
Nec ttiliɣ = I am being. / I usually am.
Cek tettilid = You (man) are being. / You usually are.
Cem tettilid = You (woman) are being. / You usually are.
Netta yettili = He is being. / He usually is.
Nettat tettili = She is being. / She usually is.
Neccin nettili = We are being. / We usually are.
Kenniw tettilim = You (men) are being. / You usually are.
Kennint tettilimt = You (women) are being. / You usually are.
Nitni ttilin = They (men) are being. / They usually are.
Nitenti ttilint = They (women) are being. / They usually are.
– Aturaw amasul anabaw (The negative continuous present):
Nec wer ttiliɣ = I am not being. / I usually am not.
Cek wer tettilid = You (man) are not being. / You usually are not.
Cem wer tettilid = You (woman) are not being. / You usually are not.
Netta wer yettili = He is not being. / He usually is not.
Nettat wer tettili = She is not being. / She usually is not.
Neccin wer nettili = We are not being. / We usually are not.
Kenniw wer tettilim = You (men) are not being. / You usually are not.
Kennint wer tettilimt = You (women) are not being. / You usually are not.
Nitni wer ttilin = They (men) are not being. / They usually are not.
Nitenti wer ttilint = They (women) are not being. / They usually are not.
– Adimal unzil / imal unzil (The simple future):
Nec ad iliɣ = I will be.
Cek ad tilid = You (man) will be.
Cem ad tilid = You (woman) will be.
Netta ad yili = He will be.
Nettat ad tili = She will be.
Neccin ad nili = We will be.
Kenniw ad tilim = You (men) will be.
Kennint ad tilimt = You (women) will be.
Nitni ad ilin = They (men) will be.
Nitenti ad ilint = They (women) will be.
– Adimal ussid / imal ussid (The intensive future):
Nec ad ttiliɣ = I will always be.
Cek ad tettilid = You (man) will always be.
Cem ad tettilid = You (woman) will always be.
Netta ad yettili = He will always be.
Nettat ad tettili = She will always be.
Neccin ad nettili = We will always be.
Kenniw ad tettilim = You (men) will always be.
Kennint ad tettilimt = You (women) will always be.
Nitni ad ttilin = They (men) will always be.
Nitenti ad ttilint = They (women) will always be.
– Adimal unzil anabaw (The negative simple future):
Nec urad iliɣ = I will not be.
Cek urad tilid = You (man) will not be.
Cem urad tilid = You (woman) will not be.
Netta urad yili = He will not be.
Nettat urad tili = She will not be.
Neccin urad nili = We will not be.
Kenniw urad tilim = You (men) will not be.
Kennint urad tilimt = You (women) will not be.
Nitni urad ilin = They (men) will not be.
Nitenti urad ilint = They (women) will not be.
– Adimal ussid anabaw (The negative intensive future):
Nec urad ttiliɣ = I will not always be.
Cek urad tettilid = You (man) will not always be.
Cem urad tettilid = You (woman) will not always be.
Netta urad yettili = He will not always be.
Nettat urad tettili = She will not always be.
Neccin urad nettili = We will not always be.
Kenniw urad tettilim = You (men) will not always be.
Kennint urad tettilimt = You (women) will not always be.
Nitni urad ttilin = They (men) will not always be.
Nitenti urad ttilint = They (women) will not always be.
– Anaḍ unzil / aneẓḍay unzil (The simple imperative):
ili! = be! (man / woman).
ilit! / ilim! = be! (men).
ilimt! = be! (women).
– Anaḍ ussid / aneẓḍay ussid (The intensive imperative):
ttili! = always be! (man / woman).
ttilit! / ttilim! = always be! (men).
ttilimt! = always be! (women).
– Anaḍ ussid anabaw (The negative intensive imperative):
wer ttili! / adur ttili! = do not be! (man / woman).
wer ttilit! / adur ttilim! = do not be! (men).
wer ttilimt! / adur ttilimt! = do not be! (women).
Prepared by: Mubarik Belqasem
Asmuteg: Mubarik Belqasem