Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-arabic/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"
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|ح | |ح | ||
|- | |- | ||
|خاء ( | |خاء (khaa'on) | ||
|/x/ | |/x/ | ||
|ـخ | |ـخ | ||
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|خ | |خ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|دال ( | |دال (daalun) | ||
|/d/ | |/d/ | ||
| colspan="2" |ـد | | colspan="2" |ـد | ||
| colspan="2" |د | | colspan="2" |د | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ذال ( | |ذال (daalun ) like "''<u>th</u>''e moon" | ||
|/ð/ | |/ð/ | ||
| colspan="2" |ـذ | | colspan="2" |ـذ | ||
| colspan="2" |ذ | | colspan="2" |ذ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|راء ( | |راء (raa'on) like "room" | ||
|/r/ | |/r/ | ||
| colspan="2" |ـر | | colspan="2" |ـر | ||
| colspan="2" |ر | | colspan="2" |ر | ||
|- | |- | ||
|زاي ( | |زاي (zaa'ye) | ||
|/z/ | |/z/ | ||
| colspan="2" |ـز | | colspan="2" |ـز | ||
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|ش | |ش | ||
|- | |- | ||
|صاد ( | |صاد (Saad) like " Sound" | ||
|/sˤ/ | |/sˤ/ | ||
|ـص | |ـص | ||
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|ص | |ص | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ضاد (Daad) like " | |ضاد (Daad) like "Doctor" | ||
|/dˤ/ | |/dˤ/ | ||
|ـض | |ـض | ||
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|ض | |ض | ||
|- | |- | ||
|طاء ( | |طاء (Taa'on) | ||
|/tˤ/ | |/tˤ/ | ||
|ـط | |ـط | ||
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|ط | |ط | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ظاء ( | |ظاء (Dhaadun) | ||
|/ðˤ/ | |/ðˤ/ | ||
|ـظ | |ـظ | ||
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|غ | |غ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|فاء ( | |فاء (faa'on) | ||
|/f/ | |/f/ | ||
|ـف | |ـف | ||
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|ف | |ف | ||
|- | |- | ||
|قاف ( | |قاف (qaafun) | ||
|/q/ | |/q/ | ||
|ـق | |ـق | ||
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|ق | |ق | ||
|- | |- | ||
|كاف ( | |كاف (kaafun) | ||
|/k/ | |/k/ | ||
|ـك | |ـك | ||
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|ك | |ك | ||
|- | |- | ||
|لام ( | |لام (laamun) | ||
|/l/ | |/l/ | ||
|ـل | |ـل | ||
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|ن | |ن | ||
|- | |- | ||
|هاء ( | |هاء (Haa'on) like "Hello" | ||
|/h/ | |/h/ | ||
|ـه | |ـه | ||
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|ه | |ه | ||
|- | |- | ||
|واو ( | |واو (waawun) like "wath?" | ||
|/w/, /uː/ | |/w/, /uː/ | ||
| colspan="2" |ـو | | colspan="2" |ـو | ||
| colspan="2" |و | | colspan="2" |و | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ياء ( | |ياء (yeaa'on) like "Yes" | ||
|/j/, /iː/ | |/j/, /iː/ | ||
|ـي | |ـي |
Revision as of 00:46, 16 September 2020
Hello everyone!
In today's lesson, we are going to talk about the letters and how to spell them In Arabic.
Name | IPA | Letter | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Final | Medial | Initial | Isolated | ||
ألف (Alefun) | /aː/, /ʔ/ | ـا | ا | ||
باء (Ba'on) | /b/ | ـب | ـبـ | بـ | ب |
تاء ( Ta'on) | /t/ | ـت | ـتـ | تـ | ت |
ثاء (THa'on) like"therapy" | /θ/ | ـث | ـثـ | ثـ | ث |
جيم (Jeemun) | /d͡ʒ/ | ـج | ـجـ | جـ | ج |
حاء (ha'on) | /ħ/ | ـح | ـحـ | حـ | ح |
خاء (khaa'on) | /x/ | ـخ | ـخـ | خـ | خ |
دال (daalun) | /d/ | ـد | د | ||
ذال (daalun ) like "the moon" | /ð/ | ـذ | ذ | ||
راء (raa'on) like "room" | /r/ | ـر | ر | ||
زاي (zaa'ye) | /z/ | ـز | ز | ||
سين (seenun) like "I see" | /s/ | ـس | ـسـ | سـ | س |
شين (sheenun) like"she" | /ʃ/ | ـش | ـشـ | شـ | ش |
صاد (Saad) like " Sound" | /sˤ/ | ـص | ـصـ | صـ | ص |
ضاد (Daad) like "Doctor" | /dˤ/ | ـض | ـضـ | ضـ | ض |
طاء (Taa'on) | /tˤ/ | ـط | ـطـ | طـ | ط |
ظاء (Dhaadun) | /ðˤ/ | ـظ | ـظـ | ظـ | ظ |
عين (aeenun) | /ʕ/ | ـع | ـعـ | عـ | ع |
غين (gheen) like the verb to pick up "Ramasser" in French | /ɣ/ | ـغ | ـغـ | غـ | غ |
فاء (faa'on) | /f/ | ـف | ـفـ | فـ | ف |
قاف (qaafun) | /q/ | ـق | ـقـ | قـ | ق |
كاف (kaafun) | /k/ | ـك | ـكـ | كـ | ك |
لام (laamun) | /l/ | ـل | ـلـ | لـ | ل |
ميم (meemun) | /m/ | ـم | ـمـ | مـ | م |
نون (nounun) | /n/ | ـن | ـنـ | نـ | ن |
هاء (Haa'on) like "Hello" | /h/ | ـه | ـهـ | هـ | ه |
واو (waawun) like "wath?" | /w/, /uː/ | ـو | و | ||
ياء (yeaa'on) like "Yes" | /j/, /iː/ | ـي | ـيـ | يـ | ي |
In Arabic we have Letters like ا ب ت ث ج ح ..... Each letter has a specific pronunciation.
Then we have these small Symbols ( َ - ُ - ِ ) ( ً - ٌ - ٍ ) ( ّ ) ( ْ) we add to the Letter to change their pronunciation.
symbols: ( َ ) ( ُ ) ( ِ ) "vowels"
- The first one is called in Arabic "Fat'ha" and it means you should open your mouth while saying the letter like "A" in french.
- The second one is called "Damma". Your mouth should have a round shape like you're pronouncing a "O".
- The third one is called "Kasra". Your mouth should have the same shape as when you're pronouncing a "E" .
Note :
- When the letter has no vowel or when you do not stop with a vowel at the end of the sentence, it must be replaced by a sekoun ( ْ ).
- When pronouncing, Arabs do not stop at the end of their sentences with a vowel.
Examples
- If we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add that Fatha to it ( بَ ). Its pronunciation becomes (Ba). Not a long "a", just a short one.
- if we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add that Damma to it ( بُ ). Its pronunciation becomes (Bo). Not a long "o", just a short one.
- if we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add that Kasra to it ( بِ ). Its pronunciation becomes (Be). Not a long "e", just a short one.
The table below will help you with other letters:
letter | name of the letter | pronunciation with Fatha | pronunciation with Damma | pronunciation with Kasra |
---|---|---|---|---|
ا | Alif | A | O | E of english & i in french |
ب | Ba'a | Ba | Bo | Be |
ت | Ta'a | Ta | To | Te |
ث | tha'a (th here must pronounce as [th] in tee[th] | tha | tho | the |
ج | jeem | ja | jo | je |
ح | ha'a [h] | ha | Ho | He |
خ | Kha'a [KH] must pronounce as [X letter in Russian] | Kha | Kho | Khe |
د | daal | da | do | de or di in french |
ذ | thaal like english word that | tha | tho | the |
ر | raa like R in english | ra | ro | re |
ز | zayn | za | zo | ze |
س | siin | sa | so | se |
ش | shiin | sha | sho | she |
ص | saad magnify | sa | so | se |
ض | daad magnify | da | do | de |
ع | aayn as saying : iraq city | aa | ao | ae |
غ | Rayn like R in french | ra | ro | re |
ف | faa | fa | fo | fe |
ق | qaaf close from grand g in french | qa | qo | qe |
ك | kaaf | ka | ko | ke |
ل | laam | la | lo | le |
م | miim | ma | mo | me |
ن | noon | na | no | ne |
هـ | haa like hello | ha | ho | he |
و | waaw | wa | wo | we |
ي | yaa | ya | yo | ye |
Please note that the second letter you add has a very short pronunciation.
symbols ( ً )-( ٌ )-( ٍ )
- The first one is called in Arabic "Tanween Al Fat'h" and it means you should open your mouth while saying the letter like "A" in french then add N at the end of letter.
- The second one is called "Tanween Al Damm". Your mouth should have a round shape like you're pronouncing a "O" and add N at the End of the letter
- The third one is called "Tanween Al Kasr". Your mouth should have the same shape as when you're pronouncing a "E" .and add N at the End of the letter
Examples
- If we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add Tanween Al Fat'h to it ( بً ). Its pronunciation becomes (Ban). Not a long "a" in french, just a short one.
- if we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add Tanween Al Damm to it ( بٌ ). Its pronunciation becomes (Bon). Not a long "o", just a short one.
- if we want to say the letter ( ب ) in Arabic, let's add Tanween Al Kasr to it ( بٍ ). Its pronunciation becomes (Ben). Not a long "e", just a short one.
The table below will help you with other letters:
letter | name of the letter | pronunciation with Tanween Al Fat'h | pronunciation with Tanween Al Damm | pronunciation with Tanween Al Kasr |
---|---|---|---|---|
ا | Alif | An | On | Ee |
ب | Ba'a | Ban | Bon | Ben |
ت | Ta'a | Tan | Ton | Ten |
ث | tha'a (th here must pronounce as [th] in tee[th] | than | thon | then |
ج | jeem | jan | jon | jen |
ح | ha'a | han | Hon | Hen |
خ | Kha'a [KH] must pronounce as [X letter in Russian] | Khan | Khon | Khen |
Long pronunciation
We can read an arabic letter with a long pronuciation by using three letters (alif-أ, yaa-ي, waaw) after the one that want to read as long :
- we use alif-أ after the long letter who has "fatha" for example : ( سَ= sa ) long pronunciation is ( سَا=saaa )
- we use waaw-و after the long letter who has "damma" for example : ( سُ= so ) long pronunciation is ( سُو=sooo )
- we use yaa-ي after the long letter who has "kasra" for example : ( سِ= si ) long pronunciation is ( سِي=siii )
NOTE
*When we use the 3 letters (ا,ي,و) to make a long pronunciation, we don't give them any damma or kasra or... they have a name is :
horof al-aela حُرُوفُ الْعِلَةِ
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