Language/Spanish/Grammar/Plural

The Plurals in Spanish

In Spanish language the plurals are determined by feminine (las) and masculine (los) articles. Most of the sustantives have a singular and a plural form.

Example:

• El sol / Los soles

• El avión / Los aviones

• La taza / Las tazas

General rule

Usually the sustantives that end in vowels (a,e,i,o,u) turn into plurals with an 's' added at the end.

Example:

• El amigo / Los amigos

• La vaca / Las vacas

Words ending in -í or -ú

When the last letter is an í or ú with accent, an 'es' is added.

Example:

• El ají / Los ajíes

• El iglú / Los iglúes

Words ending in -d, -l, -r, -z...

When the the sustantive ends in  (d, l, r, z, …) -es is also added. The z transforms into a 'c'.

Example:

• El leñador / Los leñadores

• La actriz / Las actrices

Exceptions

Thought there are exceptions like :

• El cactus / Los cactus

• El tórax / Los tórax

Words only in the plural

There are sustantives that exist only in the plural:

• Los honorarios, las facciones, las gafas, los víveres.

Words only in the singular

And there are sunstantives that are used only in the singular:

• La sed, el caos, el este, el oeste.