Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Thermodynamics

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eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
theormodynamics		热力学		rè lìxué		Thermodynamik [f]		thermodynamique [f]		熱力学		ね↑つりき↓がく		термодина́мика
classical thermodynamics		经典热力学		jīngdiǎn rèlìxué		klassische Thermodynamik		thermodynamique [f] classique		古典熱力学		こ↑てんねつりき↓がく		класси́ческая термодина́мика
statistical mechanics		统计力学		tǒngjì lìxué		statistische Mechanik		physique [f] statistique		統計力学		と↑うけいりき↓がく		статисти́ческая меха́ника, статисти́ческая термодина́мика
chemical thermodynamics		化学热力学		huàxué rèlìxué		chemische Thermodynamik		thermodynamique [f] chimique		化学熱力学		か↑がくねつりき↓がく		хими́ческая термодина́мика
quantum thermodynamics		量子热力学		liàngzǐ rèlìxué		Quantenthermodynamik [f]		thermodynamique [f] quantique		量子熱力学		りょ↓うしね↑つりき↓がく		ква́нтовой термодина́мики
non-equilibrium thermodynamics		非平衡态热力学		fēi pínghéngtài rèlìxué		Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik [f]		thermodynamique [f] hors équilibre		非平衡熱力学		ひ↑へいこうねつりき↓がく		неравнове́сная термодина́мика

Classical Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
absolute zero	temperature; particle
absorption refrigerator	refrigeration
adiabatic process	thermodynamic process
Carnot heat engine	Carnot cycle; heat engine
Carnot cycle	thermodynamic cycle
Carnot's theorem, Carnot's rule	heat engine
Clausius theorem	thermal reservoir; thermodynamic cycle
coefficient of performance	heat pump cycle; thermodynamic work; energy
conjugate variables
enthalpy	internal energy; pressure; volume
entropy	work <mechanics>; energy
equation of state	thermodynamic equation
first law of thermodynamics	law of conservation of energy <mechanics>; thermodynamic process; isolated system; energy; work
free expansion, Joule expansion	irreversible process; volume
fundamental thermodynamic relation	internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy; pressure; volume
heat pump	mechanical energy; mechanical work
heat	energy
heat engine	mechanical energy; mechanical work
ideal gas	point particle
ideal gas law, general gas equation	equation of state; ideal gas
internal energy	thermodynamic system; energy; entropy; volume; particle number
irreversible process	thermodynamic process
isentropic process	adiabatic process; reversible process
isenthalpic process	thermodynamic process; enthalpy
isobaric process	thermodynamic process; closed system
isochoric process, constant-volume process, isovolumetric process, isometric process	thermodynamic process; closed system
isothermal process	thermodynamic process; closed system
Kelvin scale	thermodynamic temperature; scale of temperature
particle number, number of particles	thermodynamic system; particle
perpetual motion machine	laws of thermodynamics
polytropic index	polytropic process
polytropic process	thermodynamic process
pressure–volume diagram	thermodynamic diagram; pressure; volume
quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process	thermodynamic process; thermodynamic equilibrium
refrigerant	refrigeration
refrigeration	cooling
scale of temperature	temperature
temperature
temperature–entropy diagram	thermodynamic diagram; thermodynamic temperature; entropy
thermal convection, convective heat transfer	heat transfer
thermal efficiency	thermal energy
thermal energy	enthalpy; heat
phase transition	physical change
process function, path function	thermodynamic process
real gas	ideal gas law
reversible process	thermodynamic process
reversed Carnot cycle	Carnot cycle
second law of thermodynamics	entrophy; thermodynamic system; spontaneous process; thermodynamic equilibrium; thermodynamic free energy
state function, function of state, point function	state variable <control theory>
Stirling engine	reciprocating engine
thermal conduction	heat transfer
thermal radiation	electromagnetic radiation; kinetic theory of gases; matter
thermodynamic cycle	thermodynamic process
thermodynamic diagram	thermodynamic state
thermodynamic free energy	work; thermodynamic system
thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential	scalar
thermodynamic process	thermodynamic system
thermodynamic state	thermodynamic system; time
thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square	conjugate variables
thermodynamic system
thermodynamic temperature	temperature
third law of thermodynamics	entropy; absolute zero
vapor-compression refrigeration	intensive property, phase transition
volume	intensive property
zeroth law of thermodynamics	thermodynamic system; thermal equilibrium

Statistical Mechanics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
Gibbs free energy, Gibbs energy	thermodynamic potential
equation of state	thermodynamic equation; pressure; volume; thermodynamic temperature; internal energy
grand canonical ensemble, macrocanonical ensemble	statistical ensemble
grand potential, Landau free energy, Landau energy	internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy; chemical potential; particle number; pressure; volume
Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz energy	isothermal process
kinetic theory of gases	gas; particle number
Landau free energy, Landau potential
Maxwell relations	symmetry of second derivatives <mathematical analysis>, thermodynamic potential
specific enthalpy	enthalpy, mass
thermodynamic limit, macroscopic limit	particle number; volume
thermodynamic potential	thermodynamic state; scalar

Chemical Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
chemical potential	chemical species; energy; phase transition

Quantum Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

Equilibrium Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

* Appendix *

Adjective & Adjective Phrase; Verb & Verb Phrase

eng-Latn-US: concept	eng-Latn-US: prerequisite	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Hans-CN: 前提	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция	rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

Symbol

Classical Thermodynamics

symbol	eng-Latn-US: concept	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
C	heat capacity
Cp	isobaric heat capacity
CV	isochoric heat capacity
d, Δ	change
H	enthalpy
I	thermal intensity
L	specific latent heat
M	molar mass
m	mass
N	particle number
NA	Avogadro constant
n	mole number
P, p	pressure
p	volumetric mass density; thermal conduction rate
Q	heat
QL	latent heat
q	vapor quality
q	heat flux density
R	gas constant
S	entropy
T	thermodynamic temperature
U	internal energy
V	volume
W	work
α	coefficient of thermal expansion
γ, κ	heat capacity ratio
δ	infinitesimal change
Φ	Massieu potential
Ξ	Planck potential

Statistical Mechanics

symbol	eng-Latn-US: concept	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
A, F	Helmholtz free energy
cp	specific heat capacity
G	Gibbs free energy
kB	Boltzmann constant
ΦG, Ω	grand potential

Chemical Thermodynamics

symbol	eng-Latn-US: concept	cmn-Hans-CN: 概念	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn	deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]	fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念	jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん	rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
Qr	reaction quotient
a	thermodynamic activity
μ	chemical potential

Process

eng-Latn-US: process	eng-Latn-US: constituent	cmn-Hans-CN: 过程	cmn-Hans-CN: 构件	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: guòchéng	cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gòujiàn	deu-Latn-DE: Prozess [m]	deu-Latn-DE: Bestandteil [m]	fra-Latn-FR: procès [m]	fra-Latn-FR: composant [m]	jpn-Jpan-JP: 過程	jpn-Jpan-JP: 構材	jpn-Hrkt-JP: か+てい	jpn-Hrkt-JP: こ+うざい	rus-Cyrl-RU: проце́сс	rus-Cyrl-RU: соста́вная часть
calculation of Gibbs free energy	Gibbs free energy; enthalpy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy
calculation of Helmholtz free energy	Helmholtz free energy; internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy

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