Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Pronouns"
< Language | Multiple-languages | Vocabulary
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(→Yes.) |
|||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
==== By the first-person singular pronoun. ==== | ==== By the first-person singular pronoun. ==== | ||
=== Are there different first-person singular pronouns for different use? === | ===== Are there different first-person singular pronouns for different use? ===== | ||
==== No. ==== | ====== No. ====== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!language | !language | ||
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== Yes. ==== | ====== Yes. ====== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!language | !language | ||
| Line 166: | Line 166: | ||
=== How to indicate the listener? === | === How to indicate the listener? === | ||
==== By the second-person singular pronoun. ==== | ==== By the second-person singular pronoun. ==== | ||
===== Are there different second-person singular pronouns for different use? ===== | |||
====== No. ====== | |||
====== Yes. ====== | |||
=== How to indicate a person being neither the speaker nor the listener? === | === How to indicate a person being neither the speaker nor the listener? === | ||
==== By the third-person singular pronoun. ==== | ==== By the third-person singular pronoun. ==== | ||
== | ===== Are there different third-person singular pronouns for different use? ===== | ||
====== No. ====== | |||
=== Are there different | |||
==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 255: | Line 239: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== Yes. ==== | ====== Yes. ====== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!language | !language | ||
| Line 446: | Line 430: | ||
|for inanimate and non-human animate things | |for inanimate and non-human animate things | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== How to indicate people including the speaker and excluding the listener? === | |||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun and context. ==== | |||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun (exclusive “we”). ==== | |||
=== How to indicate people excluding the speaker and including the listener? === | |||
==== By the second-person plural pronoun. ==== | |||
=== How to indicate people including the speaker and the listener? === | |||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun and context. ==== | |||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun (inclusive “we”). ==== | |||
=== How to indicate people excluding the speaker and the listener? === | |||
==== By the third-person plural pronoun. ==== | |||
=== Are there different first-person plural pronouns for different use? === | === Are there different first-person plural pronouns for different use? === | ||
Revision as of 10:25, 26 October 2018
If you have learned some languages, you will want to ask a question like this: what can I do to express something in this language.
Different languages have different answers.
Far from being completed.
pronoun
How to indicate the speaker?
By the first-person singular pronoun.
Are there different first-person singular pronouns for different use?
No.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Amharic | እኔ | |
| Arabic | انا | |
| Basque | ni | |
| Bengali | আমি | |
| Chinese | 我 | |
| English | I | |
| French | je | |
| German | ich | |
| Hausa | ni | |
| Hebrew | אֲנִי | |
| Italian | io | |
| Javanese | aku | |
| Kabyle | nekk | |
| Kannada | ನಾನು | |
| Malayalam | ഞാന് | |
| Marathi | मी | |
| Mon | အဲ | |
| Portuguese | eu | |
| Punjabi | ਮੈਂ | |
| Russian | я | |
| Spanish | yo | |
| Swahili | mimi | |
| Tamil | நான் | |
| Telugu | నేను | |
| Tigrinya | ኣነ | |
| Turkish | ben |
Yes.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Burmese | ကျွန်တော်; ကျွန်မ; ငါ; ကျုပ် | formal, male; formal, female; informal; more polite |
| Indonesian | saya; aku | formal; informal |
| Japanese | 私(わたし); 私(わたくし); 僕; あたし; 俺 | common; formal; informal; female; male |
| Khmer | ខ្ញុំ; ខ្ញុំបាទ; នាងខ្; ខ្ញុំព្រះករុណា; ខ្ញុំព្រះអង្គ; ខ្ញុំម្ចាស់ | common; formal, male; formal, female; royalty; royalty, male; royalty, female |
| Korean | 나; 저 | common; formal |
| Malay | saya; aku; daku; hamba; patik; beta | formal; informal; poetic; lowest social strata; facing royalties; royalties |
| Thai | ผม; ดิฉัน; ฉัน; กระหม่อม; ข้าพเจ้า; หนู; กู | male; female; informal; more formal; more formal; child to adult; crude |
| Tsafiki | la; čiʰké; če | adult male; adult female; immature |
| Vietnamese | tôi; tớ; ta; mình | common; informal; informal; intimate |
How to indicate the listener?
By the second-person singular pronoun.
Are there different second-person singular pronouns for different use?
No.
Yes.
How to indicate a person being neither the speaker nor the listener?
By the third-person singular pronoun.
Are there different third-person singular pronouns for different use?
No.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese Cantonese | 佢 | |
| Filipino | siya | |
| Finnish | hän | |
| Haitian | li | |
| Hindi | वह | |
| Hungarian | ő | |
| Igbo | ọ | |
| Malay/Indonesian | dia | |
| Persian | او | |
| Swahili | yeye | |
| Turkish | o | |
| Punjabi | ਉਹ | |
| Shona | iye | |
| Urdu | وہ |
Yes.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
Male and female.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Amharic | እሱ; እሷ | |
| Arabic | هو; هي | |
| Basque | he; zuen | |
| Bengali | তিনি; সে | |
| Burmese | သူ; သူမ | |
| Chinese Mandarin | 他; 她 | |
| English | he; she | |
| French | il; elle | |
| German | er; sie | |
| Hausa | shi; ta | |
| Hebrew | הוא; היא | |
| Italian | lui; lei | |
| Japanese | 彼; 彼女 | |
| Javanese | piyambakipun; dheweke | |
| Kannada | ಅವನು; ಅವಳು | |
| Khmer | គាត់; នាង | |
| Korean | 그; 그녀 | |
| Malayalam | അവൻ; അവൾ | |
| Portuguese | ele; ela | |
| Russian | он; она | |
| Somali | isagu; iyada | |
| Spanish | él; ella | |
| Tamil | அவர்; அவள் | |
| Telugu | అతను; ఆమె | |
| Vietnamese | anh ta; bà ấy | |
| Yoruba | oun; o |
Human and animal.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Finnish | se/ne | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
| Thai | มัน | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
Animate and inanimate.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Finnish | se/ne | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
| Persian | آن | for singular inanimate things |
| Thai | มัน | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
How to indicate people including the speaker and excluding the listener?
By the first-person plural pronoun and context.
By the first-person plural pronoun (exclusive “we”).
How to indicate people excluding the speaker and including the listener?
By the second-person plural pronoun.
How to indicate people including the speaker and the listener?
By the first-person plural pronoun and context.
By the first-person plural pronoun (inclusive “we”).
How to indicate people excluding the speaker and the listener?
By the third-person plural pronoun.
Are there different first-person plural pronouns for different use?
No.
Yes.
Are there different second-person plural pronouns for different use?
No.
Yes.
Are there different third-person plural pronouns for different use?
No.
Yes.
How to tell the one being referenced is animate or inanimate?
By the context.
How to tell the one being referenced is human or animal?
By the no-gender pronoun.
By the human and animal pronouns.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Finnish | se/ne | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
| Thai | มัน | for inanimate and non-human animate things |