Must-know words for polyglots.
[Lesson in progress]
Polyglots are really passionate about language learning and linguistics.
Therefore it's important for them to learn all kinds of terms.
On this page, you will find the most important ones.
If you need a full GLOSSARY OF LINGUISTIC TERMS, see:
If you need a clear categorization of linguistics, see:
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Linguistics and its best-known branches. Some are interdisciplinary.
Semiotics is not a part of linguistics, but it is closely related to linguistics.
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Language and its similar words in definition.
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There are many words in this section. If you know them all, you can understand what those words in International Phonetic Alphabet mean.
*sonorant also includes the vowel.
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Some confusing similar words with “word”.
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An affix is usually a morpheme, which is just mentioned above.
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parse tree
constituency-based parse tree
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dependency-based parse tree
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If you understand parse trees, you can draw and learn sentence structures quickly.
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Two important concepts.
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part of speech
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PoS.
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phrase
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clause
argument clause
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adjuctive clause
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predicative clause
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sentence
simple sentence
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compound sentence
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complex sentence
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compound–complex sentence
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declaritive sentence
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interrogative sentence
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exclamatory sentence
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imperative sentence
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instructive sentence
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major sentence
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minor sentence
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Notice the differences between “phrase”, “clause”, “sentence”.
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punctuation
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Punctuation. People often neglect it.
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grammatical category
person
first person
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second person
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third person
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gender
masculine
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feminine
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neuter
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“Grammatical category”, you may haven't heard about it, but you know it.
An “aspect” may also be considered as a “tense”.
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linguistic typology
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Languages can be differentiated by its structure.
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grammar
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hyponym & hypernym
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idiom
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linguistic relativity
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character encoding
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Rosetta Stone
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It tells us the value of parallel text.
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-- AUTHOR --
GrimPixel