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{{Modern-greek-1453-Page-Top}}
{{Modern-greek-1453-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">Modern Greek (1453-) Grammar → Basic Grammar → Nouns and gender</div>


In the previous lesson, we learned about the basic greetings and phrases in Modern Greek. We covered how to greet others and introduce ourselves in Modern Greek. We also learned some common everyday phrases used in everyday conversations. In this lesson, we will delve into the topic of nouns and gender in Modern Greek.
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Modern-greek-1453|Modern Greek (1453-)]]  → [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar|Grammar]] → Nouns and gender</div>


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== Nouns and Gender in Modern Greek ==
As a beginner in Modern Greek (1453-), one of the fundamental building blocks of the language is learning how to identify and use nouns and gender.


Nouns are an essential part of any language, and Modern Greek is no exception. Nouns are words that represent people, places, things, or ideas. They play a crucial role in constructing sentences and conveying meaning. In Modern Greek, nouns have gender, which means they can be masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Nouns in Greek are typically accompanied by articles, similar to English. In Greek, articles (ο, η, το) precede the noun and they translate to "the" in English.


=== Masculine Nouns ===
For example:


Masculine nouns in Modern Greek typically end in "-ος" or "-ας". For example:


* άντρας (man)
<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Various-Greek-linguistic-terms|Various Greek linguistic terms]] & [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Words-written-with-γγ-or-γκ|Words written with γγ or γκ]].</span>
* καφές (coffee)
{| class="wikitable"
* σπίτι (house)
! Modern Greek (1453-) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|η γάτα || ee gata || the cat
|}


When using masculine nouns, it is important to use the appropriate articles and adjectives that agree with the gender of the noun. We will cover articles and adjectives in more detail in a later lesson.
In the example above, "η" is the feminine article and "γάτα" (gata) is the feminine noun for "cat".


=== Feminine Nouns ===
##Grammatical gender##


Feminine nouns in Modern Greek usually end in "-α" or "-η". For example:
Like many other languages, Greek has grammatical gender. There are three genders in Greek: masculine, feminine, and neuter.


* γυναίκα (woman)
| Gender | Articles | Example Nouns|
* καρέκλα (chair)
|--------|----------|--------|
* θάλασσα (sea)
| Masculine | ο, οι  | ο φίλος (the friend) |
| Feminine | η, οι  | η φίλη (the friend - feminine) |
| Neuter  | το, τα  | το σπίτι (the house) |


Again, it is important to use the correct articles and adjectives that agree with the gender of the noun when using feminine nouns.
It is important to note that grammatical gender in Greek does not always correspond to the natural or biological gender of the noun. For example, the word for "girl" in Greek is "ο κορίτσι" (literally: "the little girl"), which is neuter.


=== Neuter Nouns ===
##Plural nouns##


Neuter nouns in Modern Greek typically end in "-ο" or "-ι". For example:
Nouns in Greek can also be singular or plural, and the way they are declined depends on their gender. For example:


* παιδί (child)
| Gender | Singular | Plural |
* σχολείο (school)
|--------|----------|--------|
* τραπέζι (table)
| Masculine | ο φίλος (the friend - masc.) | οι φίλοι (the friends - masc.) |
| Feminine | η φίλη (the friend - feminine) | οι φίλες (the friends - feminine) |
| Neuter  | το σπίτι (the house) | τα σπίτια (the houses) |


Similarly, when using neuter nouns, it is crucial to use the appropriate articles and adjectives that agree with the gender of the noun.
##Exceptions##


=== Plural Nouns ===
As with any language, there are always exceptions to the rules. One notable exception in Greek is that nouns of foreign origin, including words borrowed from English, are typically neuter. For example:


In addition to gender, nouns in Modern Greek can also be singular or plural. Forming the plural of nouns depends on their gender and the specific ending of the noun. Here are some general rules for forming plural nouns:
* ο καταλύτης (the catalyst)
* το δισκοπότηρο (the disk drive)


* Masculine nouns ending in "-ος" or "-ας" typically change the ending to "-οι" or "-ες" in the plural form. For example, "άντρας" (man) becomes "άντρες" (men).
##Practice##
* Feminine nouns ending in "-α" or "-η" usually change the ending to "-ες" or "-ες" in the plural form. For example, "γυναίκα" (woman) becomes "γυναίκες" (women).
* Neuter nouns ending in "-ο" or "-ι" usually change the ending to "-α" or "-ια" in the plural form. For example, "παιδί" (child) becomes "παιδιά" (children).


It is important to note that there are exceptions to these rules, and some nouns may have irregular plural forms. As you continue your journey in learning Modern Greek, you will become more familiar with these exceptions.
To further practice your understanding of nouns and gender in Greek, try the following exercises:


== Conclusion ==
1. Translate the following nouns to Greek and include the appropriate article and gender:


In this lesson, we explored the topic of nouns and gender in Modern Greek. We learned that nouns in Modern Greek can be masculine, feminine, or neuter, and they play a vital role in constructing sentences and conveying meaning. We also discussed how to form plural nouns based on their gender and specific endings.
* The dog (masculine)
* The book (neuter)
* The bicycle (feminine)


In the next lesson, we will continue our exploration of basic grammar in Modern Greek by focusing on pronouns and verbs. So stay tuned and keep up the great work!
2. Translate the following phrases into English:


{{#seo:
* ο φίλος μου
|title=Modern Greek (1453-) Grammar → Basic Grammar → Nouns and gender
* η μητέρα μου
|keywords=Modern Greek, Greek grammar, Greek nouns, Greek gender, Greek language, Greek course
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to identify and use nouns and gender in Modern Greek. Explore the rules for forming singular and plural nouns based on gender, and gain a deeper understanding of the role nouns play in constructing sentences.
}}


{{Modern-greek-1453-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
##Conclusion##
 
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Modern-greek-1453-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Modern-greek-1453-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>


In this lesson, we have learned about nouns and gender in Modern Greek (1453-). We have looked at the different genders in Greek and how to identify them, as well as the complexities that come with determining the gender of certain nouns. By becoming familiar with these fundamental aspects of Greek grammar, you will be well on your way to mastering the language.


##Sources##


* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language Greek language]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_grammar Greek grammar]


{{#seo:
|title=Modern Greek (1453-) Grammar → Basic Grammar → Nouns and gender
|keywords=Modern Greek (1453-), Greek nouns, Greek gender, Greek grammar, Greek language, learn Greek
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basics of Modern Greek (1453-) nouns and gender. Understand the three genders in Greek and how to identify them, along with plural nouns and exceptions to the rules. Improve your Greek grammar and language learning with this beginner's guide.
}}


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verb-To-Be|Verb To Be]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verb-To-Be|Verb To Be]]


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{{Modern-greek-1453-Page-Bottom}}
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