Difference between revisions of "Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Talk-about-the-weather"

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<div style="font-size:300%;"> Talk about the weather in Chinese </div>
[[File:Weather chinese.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Weather chinese.jpg|thumb]]
<div class="pg_page_title"> Talk about the weather in Chinese </div>


In this Chinese lesson, you will learn to talk about the weather.  
In this Chinese lesson, you will learn to talk about the weather.  
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!Translation
!Translation
|-
|-
|天氣/天气
|天氣/天气
|tiānqì
|tiānqì
|weather (meteorology); weather
|weather (meteorology); weather
|-
|-
|太陽/太阳
|太陽/太阳
|tàiyang
|tàiyang
|Sun
|Sun
|-
|-
|雲/云
|雲/云
|yún
|yún
|cloud
|cloud
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|下雪
|下雪
|xiàxuě
|xiàxuě
|snow
|to snow
|-
|-
|刮
|刮
|guā
|guā
|blow
|to blow
|-
|-
|風/风
|風/风
|fēng
|fēng
|wind
|wind
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|hot
|hot
|-
|-
|季节
|季節/季节
|jìjié
|jìjié
|season
|season
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|good weather
|good weather
|-
|-
|氣温/气温
|氣溫/气温
|qìwēn
|qìwēn
|temperature
|temperature
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|degree
|degree
|-
|-
|預報/预报
|天氣預報/天气预报
|yùbào
|tiāqì yùbào
|weather forecast
|weather forecast
|-
|-
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|soft
|soft
|-
|-
|涼/凉
|涼爽/凉爽
|liáng
|liángshuǎng
|fresh
|fresh
|}
|}
#tiānqì zěnmeyàng → 天氣 怎麼樣?/天气 怎么样? How is the weather?
#tiānqì rè → 天氣 熱/天气 热: It's hot.
#tiānqì lěng → 天氣 冷/天气冷: It's cold.
#qíngtiān → 晴天: bright
#yīntiān → 阴天: cloudy
#cháoshī de → 潮濕 的/潮湿 的: damp
#xiàyǔ → 下雨: rainy
#xiàxuě → 下雪: snowy
#guāfēng → 刮風/刮风: windy
#tiānqì hěnzāo → 天氣 很糟/天气 很糟: The weather's bad.
#qìwēn duōshǎo dù → 氣温 多少 度?/气温 多少 度?: What is the temperature?
#jìjié → 季節/季节: season
#dōngjì → 冬季: winter
#xiàjì → 夏季: summer
#chūnjì → 春季: spring
#qiūjì → 秋季: autumn


=== Other important words ===
=== Other important words ===
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|高
|高
|gāo
|gāo
|high (adj.); high; tall (height)
|high; tall
|-
|-
|低
|低
|dī
|dī
|low (adj.)
|low
|-
|-
|非常
|非常
|fēicháng
|fēicháng
|extremely
|very
|-
|-
|真
|真
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|更
|更
|gèng
|gèng
|more; more; even more
|more; even more
|-
|-
|了
|了
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|短
|短
|duǎn
|duǎn
|short; short
|short
|-
|-
|不錯/不错
|不錯/不错
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|比
|比
|bǐ
|bǐ
|compared to
|compare to
|}
|}


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今天 比 昨天 冷。 <Jīntiān bǐ zuótiān lěng. >
今天 比 昨天 冷。 <Jīntiān bǐ zuótiān lěng. >
It's colder today than yesterday. (Lit. "today compared to yesterday, cold")
It's colder today than yesterday. (Lit. “today compared to yesterday, cold”)
ATTENTION: regarding the size, one does not use 大 <dà> in Chinese to say "big" BUT 高 <gāo> to speak about the big size. To say "small" when speaking of small size, we will use 矮 <ǎi>.
ATTENTION: regarding the size, one does not use 大 <dà> in Chinese to say "big" BUT 高 <gāo> to speak about the big size. To say "small" when speaking of small size, we will use 矮 <ǎi>.
* 大衛 比 王麗 高。/大卫 比 王丽 高。 <Dàwèi bǐ Wáng Lì gāo. >
* 大衛 比 王麗 高。/大卫 比 王丽 高。 <Dàwèi bǐ Wáng Lì gāo. >
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* 她 比 我 大。 <Tā bǐ wǒ dà. >
* 她 比 我 大。 <Tā bǐ wǒ dà. >
<blockquote> She's older than me. </blockquote>
<blockquote> She's older than me. </blockquote>
=== The superlatives "most", "even more", "extremely", "really" ===
=== The superlatives “most”, “even more”, “extremely”, “really” ===
In Chinese grammar, the superlative is always used with the same sentence structure, whether it is a superlative of superiority like 最 <zuì> or an absolute superlative like 非常 <fēicháng>. In these sentences, the superlative precedes an adjective or sometimes a verb.
In Chinese grammar, the superlative is always used with the same sentence structure, whether it is a superlative of superiority like 最 <zuì> or an absolute superlative like 非常 <fēicháng>. In these sentences, the superlative precedes an adjective or sometimes a verb.


<code> Subject + Superlative + Adjective / Verb </code>
<code> Subject + Superlative + Adjective / Verb </code>


WARNING: unlike French, there is no verb "to be" in the sentences composed of a superlative. In Chinese we say for example 他 最高 <tā zuì gāo> (literally "he, the greatest") and not 他 是 最高.
WARNING: unlike French, there is no verb “to be” in the sentences composed of a superlative. In Chinese we say for example 他 最高 <tā zuì gāo> (literally “he, the greatest”) and not 他 是 最高.
* 他 最 高。 <Tā zuì gāo. >
* 他 最 高。 <Tā zuì gāo. >
<blockquote> He's the biggest. </blockquote>
<blockquote> He's the tallest. </blockquote>
* 今天 氣温 比 昨天 更低。/今天 气温 比 昨天 低。 <Qìwēn bǐ zuótiān gèng dī. >
* 今天 氣溫 比 昨天 還 低。/今天 气温 比 昨天 低。 <Jīntiān qìwēn bǐ zuótiān hái dī. >
<blockquote> The temperature today is even lower than yesterday. </blockquote>
<blockquote> The temperature today is even lower than yesterday. </blockquote>
* 風 非常 大。/风 非常 大。 <Fēng fēicháng dà. >
* 風 非常 大。/风 非常 大。 <Fēng fēicháng dà. >
<blockquote> The wind is extremely strong. </blockquote>
<blockquote> The wind is extremely strong. </blockquote>
* 今天 真 热。 <Jīntiān zhēn Re. >
* 今天 真 热。 <Jīntiān zhēn . >
<blockquote> Today is really hot. </blockquote>
<blockquote> Today is really hot. </blockquote>
The superlative of superiority 最 <zuì> can be used to build names / topics:
The superlative of superiority 最 <zuì> can be used to build names / topics:
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<code> 最 + Adjective (+ 的) + Objective </code>
<code> 最 + Adjective (+ 的) + Objective </code>


* 最 高 的 人 <Zuìgao ​​of Ren>
* 最 高 的 人 <zuìgao ​​de ren>
<blockquote> The tallest man </blockquote>
<blockquote> The tallest man </blockquote>
* 最 高 氣温/最 高 气温 <Zuìgāo qìwēn>
* 最 高 氣溫/最 高 气温 <zuìgāo qìwēn>
<blockquote> The highest temperature </blockquote>
<blockquote> The highest temperature </blockquote>
=== "More and more" with 越來越/越来越 <yuèláiyuè> ===
=== "More and more" with 越來越/越来越 <yuèláiyuè> ===
The use of the word y <yuèláiyuè> to express "more and more" in Chinese is relatively simple:
The use of the word y <yuèláiyuè> to express "more and more" in Chinese is relatively simple:
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<code> 零下 + Value + 度 </code>
<code> 零下 + Value + 度 </code>


* 零下 二 度 <Líng xià èr dù>
* 零下 二 度 <Líng xià èr dù>
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==Sources==
==Sources==
https://chine.in/mandarin/methode/index.php?lecon=20
https://chine.in/mandarin/methode/index.php?lecon=20
[https://polyglotclub.com/member/yaya_hiday yaya_hiday]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/叫-(jiào)|叫 (jiào)]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Questions-with-不-(bù)|Questions with 不 (bù)]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/是...的|是...的]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Ask-for-directions-in-Chinese|Ask for directions in Chinese]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/吗-ma|吗 ma]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Connect-two-nouns-with-是-(shì)|Connect two nouns with 是 (shì)]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 21:17, 26 March 2023

Weather chinese.jpg
Talk about the weather in Chinese

In this Chinese lesson, you will learn to talk about the weather.

It's going to be very useful when you don't know what you are going to talk about in everyday conversation.

Vocabulary[edit | edit source]

This lesson is composed of many words of vocabulary. Take the time to assimilate them before immersing yourself in grammar and dialogue.

Words related to climate and weather[edit | edit source]

Word Pinyin Translation
天氣/天气 tiānqì weather (meteorology); weather
太陽/太阳 tàiyang Sun
雲/云 yún cloud
rain
下雨 xiàyǔ  to rain
xuě snow
下雪 xiàxuě to snow
guā to blow
風/风 fēng wind
lěng cold
hot
季節/季节 jìjié season
冬天 dōngtiān winter
春天 chūntiān spring
夏天 xiàtiān summer
秋天 qiūtiān autumn
晴天 qíngtiān good weather
氣溫/气温 qìwēn temperature
degree
天氣預報/天气预报 tiāqì yùbào weather forecast
暖和 nuǎnhuo soft
涼爽/凉爽 liángshuǎng fresh
  1. tiānqì zěnmeyàng → 天氣 怎麼樣?/天气 怎么样? How is the weather?
  2. tiānqì rè → 天氣 熱/天气 热: It's hot.
  3. tiānqì lěng → 天氣 冷/天气冷: It's cold.
  4. qíngtiān → 晴天: bright
  5. yīntiān → 阴天: cloudy
  6. cháoshī de → 潮濕 的/潮湿 的: damp
  7. xiàyǔ → 下雨: rainy
  8. xiàxuě → 下雪: snowy
  9. guāfēng → 刮風/刮风: windy
  10. tiānqì hěnzāo → 天氣 很糟/天气 很糟: The weather's bad.
  11. qìwēn duōshǎo dù → 氣温 多少 度?/气温 多少 度?: What is the temperature?
  12. jìjié → 季節/季节: season
  13. dōngjì → 冬季: winter
  14. xiàjì → 夏季: summer
  15. chūnjì → 春季: spring
  16. qiūjì → 秋季: autumn

Other important words[edit | edit source]

Word Pinyin Translation
duō a lot
gāo high; tall
low
非常 fēicháng very
zhēn really; particularly
gèng more; even more
le (final particle of a sentence indicating the past or present progressive)
越來越/越来越 yuèláiyuè more and more
duǎn short
不錯/不错 bùcuò not bad; correct
compare to

Grammar[edit | edit source]

The comparison with 比 <bǐ>[edit | edit source]

In Chinese, we can express the comparison of superiority or inferiority with the word 比 <bǐ> translatable in French by "with respect to". For its use, the sentence structure is as follows:

Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adjective

今天 比 昨天 冷。 <Jīntiān bǐ zuótiān lěng. > It's colder today than yesterday. (Lit. “today compared to yesterday, cold”) ATTENTION: regarding the size, one does not use 大 <dà> in Chinese to say "big" BUT 高 <gāo> to speak about the big size. To say "small" when speaking of small size, we will use 矮 <ǎi>.

  • 大衛 比 王麗 高。/大卫 比 王丽 高。 <Dàwèi bǐ Wáng Lì gāo. >

David is taller than Wang Li.

  • 她 比 我 大。 <Tā bǐ wǒ dà. >

She's older than me.

The superlatives “most”, “even more”, “extremely”, “really”[edit | edit source]

In Chinese grammar, the superlative is always used with the same sentence structure, whether it is a superlative of superiority like 最 <zuì> or an absolute superlative like 非常 <fēicháng>. In these sentences, the superlative precedes an adjective or sometimes a verb.

Subject + Superlative + Adjective / Verb

WARNING: unlike French, there is no verb “to be” in the sentences composed of a superlative. In Chinese we say for example 他 最高 <tā zuì gāo> (literally “he, the greatest”) and not 他 是 最高.

  • 他 最 高。 <Tā zuì gāo. >

He's the tallest.

  • 今天 氣溫 比 昨天 還 低。/今天 气温 比 昨天 还 低。 <Jīntiān qìwēn bǐ zuótiān hái dī. >

The temperature today is even lower than yesterday.

  • 風 非常 大。/风 非常 大。 <Fēng fēicháng dà. >

The wind is extremely strong.

  • 今天 真 热。 <Jīntiān zhēn rè. >

Today is really hot.

The superlative of superiority 最 <zuì> can be used to build names / topics:

最 + Adjective (+ 的) + Objective

  • 最 高 的 人 <zuìgao ​​de ren>

The tallest man

  • 最 高 氣溫/最 高 气温 <zuìgāo qìwēn>

The highest temperature

"More and more" with 越來越/越来越 <yuèláiyuè>[edit | edit source]

The use of the word y <yuèláiyuè> to express "more and more" in Chinese is relatively simple:

Subject + 越來越/越来越 + Adjective

The particle 了 ‹ le › to indicate the present progressive[edit | edit source]

The particle 了 ‹ le › placed at the very end of a sentence can be used to indicate the past but also to constitute the progressive present or indicate that an event has already begun. In this lesson on the climate, it is more precisely to indicate a change (of time, temperature, ...).

Phrase + 了.

  • 天氣 越來越 冷了。/天气 越来越 冷 了。 <Tiānqì yuèláiyuè lěng le. >

The weather is getting colder.

  • 下雨 了。 <Xiàyǔ le. >

It's raining.

Negative temperatures[edit | edit source]

To express a negative temperature in Chinese, we use 零下 <líng xià> followed by the numerical value.

零下 + Value + 度

  • 零下 二 度 <Líng xià èr dù>

-2 ° (minus two degrees)

Sources[edit | edit source]

https://chine.in/mandarin/methode/index.php?lecon=20

yaya_hiday

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]