Difference between revisions of "Language/Italian/Grammar/Plural"

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Hi everyone!
[[File:italian-polyglot-club.jpg|thumb]]


Hello everybody,


In this lesson, we will teach you how to use the plural in Italian.
In today's lesson you will learn some useful vocabulary about '''¨PLURAL¨''' in Italian


==General rule==
Feel free to edit this page by adding new words and expressions !
===-i===
Male names usually form the plural in '''-i''':
*libr'''o''' becomes libr'''i''',
*quadern'''o''' becomes quadern'''i''',
*can'''e''' becomes can'''i'''
===-e===
Female names usually want the plural in '''-e''':
*mamm'''a''' becomes mamm'''e''',
*pizz'''a''' becomes pizz'''e''',
*mel'''a''' becomes mel'''e'''


But there are some exceptions.
Happy learning ! :)
For example, mano, that is a female name, becomes mani or problema, that is a male name, becomes problemi.


==Exceptions==
===-ca,-ga===
Names which end with -ca,-ga form the plural in -che,-ghe:
*ban'''ca''' becomes ban'''che'''
*pan'''ca''' becomes pan'''che'''


===-cia, -gia become -ce,-ge===
Names which end in -cia, -gia form the plural in -ce,-ge (if preceded by a consonant):
*spiag'''gia''' becomes spiag'''ge''',
*goc'''cia''' becomes goc'''ce'''


===-cia, -gia become -cie, -gie===
As you put this lesson behind you, consider investigating these associated subjects to further your growth: [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Present-Tense-of-Irregular-Verbs|Present Tense of Irregular Verbs]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] & [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]].
Names which end in -cia,-gia form the plural in -cie, -gie (if preceded by a vowel):
== '''Some words for the Plural in Italian''' ==
*cilie'''gia''' becomes cilie'''gie''',
*cami'''cia''' becomes cami'''cie'''


===-cìa,-gìa===
=== '''<big><u>Male names usually form the plural in (-i)</u></big>''' ===
Names which end in -cìa,-gìa form the plural in -cìe,-gìe:
{| class="wikitable"
*farmacia becomes farmacie,
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
*magia becomes magie
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>ITALIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''


===-co,-go===
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
Names which end with -co,-go form the plural in -ci, -gi or in -chi,-ghi:
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
*amico becomes amici,
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
*medico becomes medici,
|-
*caco becomes cachi,
|
*lago becomes laghi
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE BOOK
|'''''lih broh'''''
|<big>'''LİBRO'''</big>
|'''''lí bro'''''
|O LIVRO
|-
|THE BOOKS
|'''''lih brih'''''
|<big>'''LİBRİ'''</big>
|'''''lí bri'''''
|OS LIVROS
|-
|THE NOTEBOOK
|'''''kou ah dehr noh'''''
|'''<big>QUADERNO</big>'''
|'''''kúa der no'''''
|O CADERNO
|-
|THE NOTEBOOKS
|'''''kou ah dehr nih'''''
|<big>'''QUADERNİ'''</big>
|'''''kúa der ni'''''
|OS CADERNOS
|-
|THE DOG
|'''''kah neh'''''
|'''<big>CANE</big>'''
|'''''ká ne'''''
|O CACHORRO
|-
|THE DOGS
|'''''kah nih'''''
|<big>'''CANİ'''</big>
|'''''ká ni'''''
|OS CACHORROS
|}


===No change===
=== '''<big><u>Female names usually form the plural in (-e)</u></big>''' ===
Some names are written in the same way in both forms:
{| class="wikitable"
*papà becomes papà,
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
*città becomes città,
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
*re becomes re,
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
*crisi becomes crisi
!'''<big>ITALIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''


===irregular forms===
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
Some names have irregular plural forms as well:
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
*bue becomes buoi,
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
*uomo becomes uomini,
|-
*dio becomes dei,
|
*tempio becomes templi
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE MOTHER
|'''''mah mah'''''
|'''<big>MAMMA</big>'''
|'''''ma má'''''
|A MÃE
|-
|THE MOTHERS
|'''''mah meh'''''
|'''<big>MAMME</big>'''
|'''''ma mé'''''
|AS MÃES
|-
|THE PIZZA
|'''''pih tsah'''''
|'''<big>PİZZA</big>'''
|'''''pí tsa'''''
|A PIZZA
|-
|THE PIZZAS
|'''''pih tseh'''''
|'''<big>PİZZE</big>'''
|'''''pí tse'''''
|AS PIZZAS
|-
|THE APPLE
|'''''meh lah'''''
|'''<big>MELA</big>'''
|'''''mé la'''''
|A MAÇÃ
|-
|THE APPLES
|'''''meh leh'''''
|'''<big>MELE</big>'''
|'''''mé le'''''
|AS MAÇAS
|-
|THE HAND
|'''''mah noh'''''
|'''<big>MANO (exeption)</big>'''
|'''''má no'''''
|A MÃO
|-
|THE HANDS
|'''''mah nih'''''
|<big>'''MANİ (exception)'''</big>
|'''''má ni'''''
|AS MÃOS
|-
|THE PROBLEM
|'''''proh bleh mah'''''
|'''<big>PROBLEMA (exeption)</big>'''
|'''''pro blé ma'''''
|O PROBLEMA
|-
|THE PROBLEMS
|'''''proh bleh mih'''''
|<big>'''PROBLEMİ (exeption)'''</big>
|'''''pro blé mi'''''
|OS PROBLEMAS
|}
 
==='''<u>Exceptions in general</u>'''===
{| class="wikitable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>ITALIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE BANK
|'''''bahn kah'''''
|'''<big>BANCA</big>'''
|'''''bán ka'''''
|O BANCO
|-
|THE BANKS
|'''''bahn keh'''''
|'''<big>BANCHE</big>'''
|'''''bán ke'''''
|OS BANCOS
|-
|THE BENCH
|'''''pahn kah'''''
|'''<big>PANCA</big>'''
|'''''pán ka'''''
|O BANCO DE SENTAR
|-
|THE BENCHES
|'''''pahn keh'''''
|'''<big>PANCHE</big>'''
|'''''pán ke'''''
|OS BANCOS DE SENTAR
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE BEACH
|'''''spyah jah'''''
|'''<big>SPİAGGİA (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a consonant)</big>'''
|'''''spiá dja'''''
|A PRAIA
|-
|THE BEACHES
|'''''spyah jeh'''''
|'''<big>SPİAGGE (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a consonant)</big>'''
|'''''spía dje'''''
|AS PRAIAS
|-
|THE DROP
|'''''goh chah'''''
|'''<big>GOCCİA (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a consonant)</big>'''
|'''''go tchía'''''
|A GOTA
|-
|THE DROPS
|'''''goh cheh'''''
|'''<big>GOCCE (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a consonant)</big>'''
|'''''go tche'''''
|AS GOTAS
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE CHERRY
|'''''chih lyeh jah'''''
|'''<big>CİLİEGİA  (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a vowel)</big>'''
|'''''tchi líe djia'''''
|A CEREJA
|-
|THE CHERRIES
|'''''chih lyeh jeh'''''
|'''<big>CİLİEGİE (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a vowel)</big>'''
|'''''chi líe djie'''''
|AS CEREJAS
|-
|THE SHIRT
|'''''kah mih chah'''''
|'''<big>CAMİCİA (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a vowel)</big>'''
|'''''ka mí tchia'''''
|A CAMISA
|-
|THE SHIRTS
|'''''kah mih cheh'''''
|'''<big>CAMİCİE (preceded by</big>'''
'''<big>a vowel)</big>'''
|'''''ka mí tchie'''''
|AS CAMISAS
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE PHARMACY
|'''''fahr mah chyah'''''
|'''<big>FARMACÌA</big>'''
|'''''far ma tchía'''''
|A FARMÁCIA
|-
|THE PHARMACIES
|'''''fahr mah chyeh'''''
|'''<big>FARMACÌE</big>'''
|'''''far ma tchíe'''''
|AS FARMÁCIAS
|-
|THE MAGIC
|'''''mah jyah'''''
|'''<big>MAGÌA</big>'''
|'''''ma djía'''''
|A MAGIA
|-
|THE MAGICS
|'''''mah jyeh'''''
|'''<big>MAGÌE</big>'''
|'''''ma djíe'''''
|AS MAGIAS
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE FRIEND
|'''''ah mih koh'''''
|'''<big>AMİCO</big>'''
|'''''a mí ko'''''
|O AMIGO
|-
|THE FRIENDS
|'''''ah mih chih'''''
|'''<big>AMİCİ</big>'''
|'''''a mí tchi'''''
|OS AMIGOS
|-
|THE DOCTOR
|'''''meh dih koh'''''
|'''<big>MEDİCO</big>'''
|'''''mé di ko'''''
|O DOUTOR
|-
|THE DOCTORS
|'''''meh dih chih'''''
|'''<big>MEDİCİ</big>'''
|'''''mé di tchi'''''
|OS DOUTORES
|-
|THE KHAKI
|'''''kah koh'''''
|'''<big>CACO</big>'''
|'''''ká ko'''''
|O CAQUÍ
|-
|THE KHAKI
|'''''kah kih'''''
|'''<big>CACHİ</big>'''
|'''''ká ki'''''
|OS CAQUÍS
|-
|THE LAKE
|'''''lah goh'''''
|'''<big>LAGO</big>'''
|'''''lá go'''''
|O LAGO
|-
|THE LAKES
|'''''lah gih'''''
|'''<big>LAGHİ</big>'''
|'''''lá gui'''''
|OS LAGOS
|}
 
=== '''<big><u>No change in the words</u></big>''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>ITALIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE FATHER
|'''''pah pah'''''
|'''<big>PAPÀ</big>'''
|'''''pa pá'''''
|O PAI
|-
|THE FATHERS
|'''''pah pah'''''
|'''<big>PAPÀ</big>'''
|'''''pa pá'''''
|OS PAIS
|-
|THE CITY
|'''''chiht tah'''''
|'''<big>CİTTÀ</big>'''
|'''''tchit tá'''''
|A CIDADE
|-
|THE CITIES
|'''''chih tah'''''
|'''<big>CİTTÀ</big>'''
|'''''tchit tá'''''
|AS CIDADES
|-
|THE KING
|'''''reh'''''
|'''<big>RE</big>'''
|'''''re'''''
|O REI
|-
|THE KINGS
|'''''reh'''''
|'''<big>RE</big>'''
|'''''re'''''
|OS REIS
|-
|THE CRISIS
|'''''krih zih'''''
|'''<big>CRİSİ</big>'''
|'''''krí zi'''''
|A CRISE
|-
|THE CRISIS
|'''''krih zih'''''
|'''<big>CRİSİ</big>'''
|'''''krí zi'''''
|AS CRISES
|}
 
=== '''<big><u>Irregular form in the words</u></big>''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>ITALIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|THE OX
|'''''bou eh'''''
|'''<big>BUE</big>'''
|'''''buê'''''
|O BOI
|-
|THE OXEN
|'''''bou oy'''''
|'''<big>BUOİ</big>'''
|'''''buôi'''''
|OS BOIS
|-
|THE MAN
|'''''uo oh moh'''''
|'''<big>UOMO</big>'''
|'''''uó mo'''''
|O HOMEM
|-
|THE MEN
|'''''uo oh mih nih'''''
|'''<big>UOMİNİ</big>'''
|'''''uó mi ni'''''
|OS HOMENS
|-
|THE GOD
|'''''dyoh'''''
|'''<big>DİO</big>'''
|'''''dío'''''
|O DEUS
|-
|THE GODS
|'''''day'''''
|'''<big>DEİ</big>'''
|'''''dêi'''''
|OS DEUSES
|-
|THE TEMPLE
|'''''tehm pyoh'''''
|'''<big>TEMPİO</big>'''
|'''''tém pio'''''
|O TEMPLO
|-
|THE TEMPLES
|'''''tehm plih'''''
|'''<big>TEMPLİ</big>'''
|'''''tém pli'''''
|OS TEMPLOS
|}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 20:19, 26 March 2023

Italian-polyglot-club.jpg

Hello everybody,

In today's lesson you will learn some useful vocabulary about ¨PLURAL¨ in Italian

Feel free to edit this page by adding new words and expressions !

Happy learning ! :)


As you put this lesson behind you, consider investigating these associated subjects to further your growth: Adjectives, Present Tense of Irregular Verbs, Negation & Past Tense.

Some words for the Plural in Italian[edit | edit source]

Male names usually form the plural in (-i)[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

ENGLISH

ITALIAN PRONUNCIATION

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

THE BOOK lih broh LİBRO lí bro O LIVRO
THE BOOKS lih brih LİBRİ lí bri OS LIVROS
THE NOTEBOOK kou ah dehr noh QUADERNO kúa der no O CADERNO
THE NOTEBOOKS kou ah dehr nih QUADERNİ kúa der ni OS CADERNOS
THE DOG kah neh CANE ká ne O CACHORRO
THE DOGS kah nih CANİ ká ni OS CACHORROS

Female names usually form the plural in (-e)[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

ENGLISH

ITALIAN PRONUNCIATION

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

THE MOTHER mah mah MAMMA ma má A MÃE
THE MOTHERS mah meh MAMME ma mé AS MÃES
THE PIZZA pih tsah PİZZA pí tsa A PIZZA
THE PIZZAS pih tseh PİZZE pí tse AS PIZZAS
THE APPLE meh lah MELA mé la A MAÇÃ
THE APPLES meh leh MELE mé le AS MAÇAS
THE HAND mah noh MANO (exeption) má no A MÃO
THE HANDS mah nih MANİ (exception) má ni AS MÃOS
THE PROBLEM proh bleh mah PROBLEMA (exeption) pro blé ma O PROBLEMA
THE PROBLEMS proh bleh mih PROBLEMİ (exeption) pro blé mi OS PROBLEMAS

Exceptions in general[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

ENGLISH

ITALIAN PRONUNCIATION

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

THE BANK bahn kah BANCA bán ka O BANCO
THE BANKS bahn keh BANCHE bán ke OS BANCOS
THE BENCH pahn kah PANCA pán ka O BANCO DE SENTAR
THE BENCHES pahn keh PANCHE pán ke OS BANCOS DE SENTAR
THE BEACH spyah jah SPİAGGİA (preceded by

a consonant)

spiá dja A PRAIA
THE BEACHES spyah jeh SPİAGGE (preceded by

a consonant)

spía dje AS PRAIAS
THE DROP goh chah GOCCİA (preceded by

a consonant)

go tchía A GOTA
THE DROPS goh cheh GOCCE (preceded by

a consonant)

go tche AS GOTAS
THE CHERRY chih lyeh jah CİLİEGİA (preceded by

a vowel)

tchi líe djia A CEREJA
THE CHERRIES chih lyeh jeh CİLİEGİE (preceded by

a vowel)

chi líe djie AS CEREJAS
THE SHIRT kah mih chah CAMİCİA (preceded by

a vowel)

ka mí tchia A CAMISA
THE SHIRTS kah mih cheh CAMİCİE (preceded by

a vowel)

ka mí tchie AS CAMISAS
THE PHARMACY fahr mah chyah FARMACÌA far ma tchía A FARMÁCIA
THE PHARMACIES fahr mah chyeh FARMACÌE far ma tchíe AS FARMÁCIAS
THE MAGIC mah jyah MAGÌA ma djía A MAGIA
THE MAGICS mah jyeh MAGÌE ma djíe AS MAGIAS
THE FRIEND ah mih koh AMİCO a mí ko O AMIGO
THE FRIENDS ah mih chih AMİCİ a mí tchi OS AMIGOS
THE DOCTOR meh dih koh MEDİCO mé di ko O DOUTOR
THE DOCTORS meh dih chih MEDİCİ mé di tchi OS DOUTORES
THE KHAKI kah koh CACO ká ko O CAQUÍ
THE KHAKI kah kih CACHİ ká ki OS CAQUÍS
THE LAKE lah goh LAGO lá go O LAGO
THE LAKES lah gih LAGHİ lá gui OS LAGOS

No change in the words[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

ENGLISH

ITALIAN PRONUNCIATION

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

THE FATHER pah pah PAPÀ pa pá O PAI
THE FATHERS pah pah PAPÀ pa pá OS PAIS
THE CITY chiht tah CİTTÀ tchit tá A CIDADE
THE CITIES chih tah CİTTÀ tchit tá AS CIDADES
THE KING reh RE re O REI
THE KINGS reh RE re OS REIS
THE CRISIS krih zih CRİSİ krí zi A CRISE
THE CRISIS krih zih CRİSİ krí zi AS CRISES

Irregular form in the words[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

ENGLISH

ITALIAN PRONUNCIATION

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

BRAZILIAN

PORTUGUESE

THE OX bou eh BUE buê O BOI
THE OXEN bou oy BUOİ buôi OS BOIS
THE MAN uo oh moh UOMO uó mo O HOMEM
THE MEN uo oh mih nih UOMİNİ uó mi ni OS HOMENS
THE GOD dyoh DİO dío O DEUS
THE GODS day DEİ dêi OS DEUSES
THE TEMPLE tehm pyoh TEMPİO tém pio O TEMPLO
THE TEMPLES tehm plih TEMPLİ tém pli OS TEMPLOS

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