Editing Language/Esperanto/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

[[File:Alphabet and Pronunciation in Esperanto.png|alt=Alphabet and Pronunciation in Esperanto|thumb|Alphabet and Pronunciation in Esperanto]]
Hello everybody,



In today's lesson you will learn everything about the '''¨ALPHABET AND PRONUNCIATION¨''' in Esperanto.

Feel free to edit this page if you think it can be improved!



Good learning ! :)

__TOC__


*The Esperanto alphabet: a b c ĉ d e f g ĝ h ĥ i j ĵ k l m n o p r s ŝ t u ŭ v z 


Note that the names of the letters (used when spelling aloud, etc.) are a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, etc. 

That is, the consonants get an ’o’ after them, and the name of each vowel is the sound of the vowel itself. 

Note that "ŭo" is pronounced sort of like English ’wo’. 

There are 26 letters in the English alphabet; 28 in Esperanto. 


In Esperanto there is no q, w, x, or y. In Esperanto there are 6 letters not found in English (all 6 have accent marks): ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ [all circumflexes], and ŭ [a u-breve]. 


The Esperanto letters ’j’ and ’ŭ’ are not vowels and can combine with real vowels (a, e, i, o, and u) to make ’vowel glides’ which must be learned as separate sounds (below). 

<code>Pronunciation Guide: Remember, in Esperanto: one letter - one sound. No exceptions.</code>

== Vowels==
Vowel Sounds (accented/emphasized vowels are capitalized) 

*a as in Ma, father: blANka sAna grAnda vArma 

*e as in send, met: bEla plEna vErda pEti 

*i as in me, three: vIvi Ami trInki fIlo 

*o as in more, or: Ovo dOmo kIo nOva 

*u as in two, soon: Unu plUmo sUno butIko

== Consonants==
Consonant Sounds (mainly as in English, except:) 

*c pronounced ’ts’ in nests: dAnco leciOno bicIklo 

*ĉ pronounced ’ch’in church: ĉAmbro sandvIĉo ĉokolAdo 

*g pronounced ’g’ in great: sagEto gustUmi geografIo 

*ĝ pronounced ’g’ in George: mAnĝi lOĝi sEĝo 

*ĥ pronounced ’ch’in Bach: jAĥto ĥOro Eĥo 

*j pronounced ’y’ in yet: jEs jAro jUna 

*ĵ pronounced ’s’ in leisure: ĵurnAlo teatrAĵo ĵalUzo 

*ŝ pronounced ’sh’in shoe: ŝAti pOŝo ŝUo 

*ŭ is used most often in the combination ’aŭ’ or ’eŭ’ (otherwise it has a ’w’ sound, as in weather). 



Remember: All sounds presented in this Pronunciation Guide are approximations. They are the closest approximations for North American English-speakers. 


==Diphthongs==
Vowel Glides (diphthongs). The following combinations between a vowel (a, e, o, u) and ’j’ or ’ŭ’ make one sound: 

*aj pronounced as ’eye’: mAjo kAj semAjno 

*oj pronounced as in ’boy’: knAboj vojAĝi ĝOjo 

*ej pronounced as in ’they’: plEj mEjlo lernEjo 

*uj pronounced ’oo-ee’ (quickly) tUj AnglUjo monUjo 

*aŭ pronounced as in ’cow’: nAUX Antaŭ ĵAUXdo 

*eŭ pronounced as in ’wayward’: EŭrOpo neŭtrAla EŭklIdo 



In all the examples above, the vowel of the stressed (or accented) syllable has been capitalized. This follows the rule without exception that every word in Esperanto is stressed on the next-to-last syllable.

==Practice==

Here is a list of words (and translations) that represent sounds in Esperanto [not just those covered above]. Practice them carefully and your pronunciation will get better and better. 

{| class="wikitable"
!Esperanto 
!Translation
|-
|Anglujo 
|England 
|-
|lernejo 
|school 
|-
|antaŭ 
|before 
|-
|majo 
|May 
|-
|aĉeti 
|to buy 
|-
|manĝi 
|to eat 
|-
|biciklo 
|bicycle 
|-
|mejlo 
|mile 
|-
|ĉambro 
|room 
|-
|monujo 
|purse 
|-
|ĉokolado 
|chocolate 
|-
|neŭtrala 
|neutral 
|-
|danco 
|dance 
|-
|ovo 
|egg 
|-
|domo 
|house 
|-
|plej 
|most 
|-
|eĥo 
|echo 
|-
|plena 
|full 
|-
|Eŭropo 
|Europe 
|-
|poŝo 
|pocket 
|-
|Eŭklido 
|Euclid 
|-
|sageto 
|dart 
|-
|sandviĉo 
|sandwich 
|-
|gustumi 
|to taste 
|-
|seĝo 
|seat, chair 
|-
|ĝojo 
|joy 
|-
|suno 
|sun 
|-
|ĥoro 
|choir 
|-
|ŝati 
|to like 
|-
|jaĥto 
|yacht 
|-
|ŝuo 
|shoe 
|-
|juna 
|young 
|-
|teatraĵo 
|(theatrical) play 
|-
|ĵaluzo 
|jealousy 
|-
|tuj 
|immediately 
|-
|ĵaŭdo 
|Thursday 
|-
|vojaĝi 
|to travel 
|-
|ĵurnalo 
|newspaper 
|}

== Pronunciation in different languages ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''<big>ESPERANTO</big>'''                              
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>  '''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>''' 
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>''' 

'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|'''<big>A</big>'''
|ah
|a
|-
|'''<big>B</big>'''
|b
|b
|-
|'''<big>C</big>'''
|ts
|ts
|-
|'''<big>Ĉ</big>''' 
|ch
|tch
|-
|'''<big>D</big>'''
|d
|d
|-
|'''<big>E</big>'''
|eh
|e
|-
|'''<big>F</big>'''
|f
|f
|-
|'''<big>G</big>'''
|g
|Sempre a letra (g) como em ga / gue / gui / go / gu
Obs.: nunca como em girafa / gelo (som de j)
|-
|'''<big>Ĝ</big>''' 
|j
|dj
|-
|'''<big>H</big>'''
|h
|H
|-
|'''<big>Ĥ</big>'''
|kh
|H
|-
|'''<big>I</big>'''
|ih
|i
|-
|'''<big>J</big>'''
|ih
|i
|-
|'''<big>Ĵ</big>''' 
|zh
|Letra (j) como em janela / jeito / jipe / jóia / jumento
|-
|'''<big>K</big>'''
|k
|k
|-
|'''<big>L</big>'''
|l
|l
|-
|'''<big>M</big>'''
|m
|m
|-
|'''<big>N</big>'''
|n
|n
|-
|'''<big>O</big>'''
|oh
|o
|-
|'''<big>P</big>'''
|p
|p
|-
|'''<big>R</big>'''
|r
|r
|-
|'''<big>S</big>'''
|s
|s
|-
|'''<big>Ŝ</big>''' 
|sh
|ch
|-
|'''<big>T</big>'''
|t
|t
|-
|'''<big>U</big>'''
|ou
|u
|-
|'''<big>Ŭ</big>''' 
|ou
|u
|-
|'''<big>V</big>'''
|v
|v
|-
|'''<big>Z</big>'''
|z
|z
|}

== Letter Pronunciation and IPA ==

===Letters===
Esperanto pronunciations are designed to be simple, though there is still an alveolar trill.
{| class="wikitable"
!Letter
|A a
|B b
|C c
|Ĉ ĉ
|D d
|E e
|F f
|G g
|Ĝ ĝ
|H h
|Ĥ ĥ
|I i
|J j
|Ĵ ĵ
|K k
|L l
|M m
|N n
|O o
|P p
|R r
|S s
|Ŝ ŝ
|T t
|U u
|Ŭ ŭ
|V v
|Z z
|-
!IPA
|a
|b
|t͡s
|t͡ʃ
|d
|e
|f
|g
|d͡ʒ
|h
|x
|i
|j
|ʒ
|k
|l
|m
|n
|o
|p
|r
|s
|ʃ
|t
|u
|u̯
|v
|z
|}
===Diphthong ===
If you can't input the accented letters, there are two alternations : 1. add an "x" after the letter; 2. add an "h" after the letter except "u".

{| class="wikitable"
!Diphthong 
|aj
|ej
|oj
|uj
|aŭ
|eŭ
|}

==Keyboards==

===Online Keyboards===
*https://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/esperanto.htm

*https://esperanto.typeit.org/
===Install on Windows===
Esperanto keyboard software to install for Windows

*http://zz9pza.net/tajpi/en/

==Video==
<youtube>bLx5hLag6WQ</youtube>


==Esperanto Online Virtual Keyboard==
__NOCACHE__<include iframe src='https://polyglotclub.com/keyboard.php?souscat_url=esperanto' height='600px' frameborder='0' scrolling='yes' />




==Sources==
https://esperanto-afriko.webs.com/kurso%20angle.pdf


[[File:esperanto-alphabet.jpg|thumb]]

[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]