Difference between revisions of "Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Use-of-Have-(3and)"

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[[File:Egyptian Arabic (Verb to have).png|alt=Egyptian Arabic (Verb to have)|thumb]]In Egyptian Arabic, the equivalent of "have" is the verb "3and" (عند). In this lesson, we will learn how to use "3and" to express possession and have in different contexts.
[[File:Egyptian Arabic (Verb to have).png|alt=Egyptian Arabic (Verb to have)|thumb]]
 
In Egyptian Arabic, the verb "3and" (عند) is equivalent to "have" in English. This lesson explores the various uses of "3and" to express possession, obligation, and experiences.
<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons:</span> [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar|Egyptian-arabic Grammar]], [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]], [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]] & [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]].
== Expressing possession ==
To express possession, we use the verb "3and" followed by the possessor and the thing that is possessed. Here are some examples:


== Expressing Possession with "3and" ==
"3and" followed by the possessor and the object indicates possession. The verb agrees with the gender and number of the possessor. Examples:
* عندي كتاب (3andi kitaab) - I have a book
* عندي كتاب (3andi kitaab) - I have a book
* عندهم سيارة (3andohom seyaara) - They have a car
* عندهم سيارة (3andohom seyaara) - They have a car
* عندها مال (3andha maal) - She has money
* عندها مال (3andha maal) - She has money


Note that the verb "3and" agrees with the gender and number of the possessor.
== Expressing Obligation with "3and" ==
 
"laazem 3aleik" (لازم عليك) followed by a verb in the present tense expresses obligation or necessity. Examples:
== Using "Have to" ==
To express obligation or necessity, we use the phrase "laazem 3aleik" (لازم عليك) followed by the verb in the present tense. Here are some examples:
 
* لازم عليك تدرس (laazem 3aleik tedros) - You have to study
* لازم عليك تدرس (laazem 3aleik tedros) - You have to study
* لازم علينا نشتري طعام (laazem 3aleina neshteri Ta3am) - We have to buy food
* لازم علينا نشتري طعام (laazem 3aleina neshteri Ta3am) - We have to buy food
* لازم عليهم يوصلوا مبكرا (laazem 3aleihom yewsalu mobkera) - They have to arrive early
== Using "Have got" ==
In Egyptian Arabic, we use "3and" with the past participle of "get" to express possession. Here are some examples:


== Expressing Possession with "Have Got" ==
"3and" with a past participle expresses possession, akin to "have got" in English. Examples:
* عندي مفتاح المنزل (3andi miftaah el-manzel) - I've got the house key
* عندي مفتاح المنزل (3andi miftaah el-manzel) - I've got the house key
* عندهم شقة كبيرة (3andohom shaqa kbira) - They've got a big apartment
* عندهم شقة كبيرة (3andohom shaqa kbira) - They've got a big apartment
* عندها وظيفة جديدة (3andha wazifa gdeda) - She's got a new job
Note that we don't use the verb "get" itself in this construction.
== Using "Have been" ==
To talk about past experiences, we use the verb "3and" followed by the past participle of "be". Here are some examples:


== Expressing Past Experiences with "Have Been" ==
"3and" followed by the past participle of "be" talks about past experiences. Examples:
* عندي ذكريات جميلة من زيارتي لمصر (3andi zikrayat gameela men zyaraty le-masr) - I have good memories from my visit to Egypt
* عندي ذكريات جميلة من زيارتي لمصر (3andi zikrayat gameela men zyaraty le-masr) - I have good memories from my visit to Egypt
* عندهم خبرة كبيرة في هذا المجال (3andohom khabra kbira fe hada el-magal) - They have a lot of experience in this field
* عندها كانت تدرس في جامعة القاهرة (3andha kanet tedros fe gam3a el-qahira) - She had been studying at Cairo University
* عندها كانت تدرس في جامعة القاهرة (3andha kanet tedros fe gam3a el-qahira) - She had been studying at Cairo University


==Conjugation==
== Additional Contexts and Forms ==
 
"3and" can also be used in various other contexts and forms to express different nuances of possession and experience. Understanding its versatile applications can greatly enhance fluency in Egyptian Arabic.
=== Present ===
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<big><u>PRESENT</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>NEGATIVE  PRESENT</u></big>'''
|-
|'''<big>انا عندي</big>'''
|'''<big>انا ماعنديش</big>'''
|-
|'''''ana  aAndii'''''
|'''''ana  maa aAndiich'''''
|-
|'''I have'''
|'''I have not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انت عندك</big>'''
|'''<big>انت ماعندكش</big>'''
|-
|'''''inta  aAndak'''''
|'''''inta  maa aAndakch'''''
|-
|'''You have'''
|'''You have not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هو  عنده</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي عندها</big>'''
|'''<big>هو  ماعندهش</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي ماعندهاش</big>'''
|-
|'''''Huua  aAnduu'''''
 
'''''Héia  aAndHá'''''
|'''''Huua  maa aAnduuch'''''
 
'''''Héia  maa aAndHách'''''
|-
|'''He has'''
 
'''She has'''
|'''He has not'''
 
'''She has not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>احنا عندنا</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا ماعندناش</big>'''
|-
|'''''eHná aAndinaa'''''
|'''''eHná maa aAndinaach'''''
|-
|'''We have'''
|'''We have not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انتو عندكو</big>'''
|'''<big>انتو ماعندكوش</big>'''
|-
|'''''intu  aAndukuu'''''
|'''''intu  maa aAndukuuch'''''
|-
|'''You have (plural)'''
|'''You have not (plural)'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هم عندهم</big>'''
|'''<big>هم ماعندهمش</big>'''
|-
|'''''Huma  aAndHum'''''
|'''''Huma  maa aAndHumch'''''
|-
|'''They have'''
|'''They have not'''
|}
 
=== Past ===
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<big><u>PAST</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>NEGATIVE PAST</u></big>'''
|-
 
|'''<big>انا كان عندي</big>'''
|'''<big>انا ما كانش عندي</big>'''
|-
|'''''ana  kaan aAndii'''''
|'''''ana  maa kaanch aAndii'''''
|-
|'''I had'''
|'''I had not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انت كان عندك</big>'''
|'''<big>انت ما  كانش عندك</big>'''
|-
|'''''inta  kaan aAndak'''''
|'''''inta  maa kaanch aAndak'''''
|-
|'''You had'''
|'''You had not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هو  كان  عنده</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي كان عندها</big>'''
|'''<big>هوماكانش  عنده</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي ماكانش عندها</big>'''
|-
|'''''Huua  kaan aAnduu'''''
 
'''''Héia  kaan aAndHá'''''
|'''''Huua  maa kaanch aAnduu'''''
 
'''''Héia  maa kaanch aAndHá'''''
|-
|'''He had'''
 
'''She had'''
|'''He had not'''
 
'''She had not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>احنا كان عندنا</big>'''
|'''<big>احناماكانش عندنا</big>'''
|-
|'''''eHná kaan aAndinaa'''''
|'''''eHná maa kaanch aAndinaa'''''
|-
|'''We had'''
|'''We had not'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انتو كان عندكو</big>'''
|'''<big>انتوماكانش عندكو</big>'''
|-
|'''''intu  kaan aAndukuu'''''
|'''''intu maa kaanch aAndukuu'''''
|-
|'''You had (plural)'''
|'''You had not (plural)'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هم كان عندهم</big>'''
|'''<big>هم ماكانش عندهم</big>'''
|-
|'''''Huma  kaan aAndHum'''''
|'''''Huma  maa kaanch aAndHum'''''
|-
|'''They had'''
|'''They had not'''
|}
 
=== Future ===
{| class="wikitable"
!'''<big><u>FUTURE</u></big>'''
!'''<big><u>NEGATIVE  FUTURE</u></big>'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>اناهيكون عندي</big>'''
|'''<big>انا مش هيكون عندي</big>'''
|-
|'''''ana Haiikun aAndii'''''
|'''''ana mich Haiikun aAndii'''''
|-
|'''I  will have'''
|'''I  will not have'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انت هيكون عندك</big>'''
|'''<big>انت مش هيكون عندك</big>'''
|-
|'''''intá  Haiikun  aAndak'''''
|'''''intá mich Haiikun aAndak'''''
|-
|'''You will have'''
|'''You will not have'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هو هيكون عندو</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي هيكون عندها</big>'''
|'''<big>هو مش هيكون عندو</big>'''
 
'''<big>هي مشهيكون عندها</big>'''
|-
|'''''Húua Haiikun aAnduu'''''
|'''''Húua  mich   Haiikun  aAnduu'''''
|-
|'''He / She will have'''
|'''He / She will not have'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>احنا هيكون عندنا</big>'''
|'''<big>احنا مش هيكون عندنا</big>'''
|-
|'''''eHna Haiikun aAndna'''''
|'''''eHna mich Haiikun aAndna'''''
|-
|'''We  will have'''
|'''We  will not have'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>انتو هيكون عندكم</big>'''
|'''<big>انتو مش هيكون عندكم</big>'''
|-
|'''''intu Haiikun aAndkum'''''
|'''''intu mich Haiikun aAndkum'''''
|-
|'''You  will have (plural)'''
|'''You will not have (plural)'''
|-
|
|
|-
|'''<big>هم هيكون عندهم</big>'''
|'''<big>هم هيكون عندهم</big>'''
|-
|'''''Huma  Haiikun aAndHuum'''''
|'''''Huma  mich Haiikun aAndHuum'''''
|-
|'''They  will have'''
|'''They  will not have'''
|}


In conclusion, "3and" is a versatile verb that can be used to express possession, obligation, past experiences, and more. With practice and exposure, you can become more comfortable using it in different contexts.
<span link>Related Lessons:</span>
<span links></span>
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar|Egyptian-arabic Grammar]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Egyptian-arabic/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]

Revision as of 19:05, 16 November 2023

Egyptian Arabic (Verb to have)

In Egyptian Arabic, the verb "3and" (عند) is equivalent to "have" in English. This lesson explores the various uses of "3and" to express possession, obligation, and experiences.

Expressing Possession with "3and"

"3and" followed by the possessor and the object indicates possession. The verb agrees with the gender and number of the possessor. Examples:

  • عندي كتاب (3andi kitaab) - I have a book
  • عندهم سيارة (3andohom seyaara) - They have a car
  • عندها مال (3andha maal) - She has money

Expressing Obligation with "3and"

"laazem 3aleik" (لازم عليك) followed by a verb in the present tense expresses obligation or necessity. Examples:

  • لازم عليك تدرس (laazem 3aleik tedros) - You have to study
  • لازم علينا نشتري طعام (laazem 3aleina neshteri Ta3am) - We have to buy food

Expressing Possession with "Have Got"

"3and" with a past participle expresses possession, akin to "have got" in English. Examples:

  • عندي مفتاح المنزل (3andi miftaah el-manzel) - I've got the house key
  • عندهم شقة كبيرة (3andohom shaqa kbira) - They've got a big apartment

Expressing Past Experiences with "Have Been"

"3and" followed by the past participle of "be" talks about past experiences. Examples:

  • عندي ذكريات جميلة من زيارتي لمصر (3andi zikrayat gameela men zyaraty le-masr) - I have good memories from my visit to Egypt
  • عندها كانت تدرس في جامعة القاهرة (3andha kanet tedros fe gam3a el-qahira) - She had been studying at Cairo University

Additional Contexts and Forms

"3and" can also be used in various other contexts and forms to express different nuances of possession and experience. Understanding its versatile applications can greatly enhance fluency in Egyptian Arabic.

Related Lessons:

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