Difference between revisions of "Language/Mandarin-chinese/Vocabulary/Measure-words"
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[[File:Chinese-measure-words.jpg|thumb|none]] | [[File:Chinese-measure-words.jpg|thumb|none]] | ||
In Chinese, in order to specify a certain number of something, you combine a number with a '''measure word''', followed by the noun. | In Chinese, in order to specify a certain number of something, you combine a number with a '''measure word''' or '''classifier''', followed by the noun. | ||
You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几. | You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几". | ||
Below is a comprehensive list of Chinese measure words and how to use them. | Below is a comprehensive list of Chinese measure words and how to use them. | ||
Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
!|Character | !|Character | ||
!|Pinyin | !|Pinyin | ||
!|Usage | !|Usage or meaning | ||
!Example | !Example | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
|string of the same things | |string of the same things | ||
|一串葡萄 a bunch of grapes | |一串葡萄 a bunch of grapes | ||
|- | |||
|''事'' | |||
|''shì'' | |||
|''piece of garment'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|册 | |册 | ||
|cè | |cè | ||
Line 52: | Line 57: | ||
|unit of weight, 50 grams for now | |unit of weight, 50 grams for now | ||
|半斤八两 half jin and eight liang (idiom, at the same level, derogatory) | |半斤八两 half jin and eight liang (idiom, at the same level, derogatory) | ||
|- | |||
|''举'' | |||
|''jǔ'' | |||
|''outdated weight unit, 3 liǎng'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|美 | |||
|měi | |||
|mel scale | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|具 | |具 | ||
|jù | |jù | ||
|coffin, corpse, bracket clock | |coffin, corpse, bracket clock, ... | ||
|一具棺材 a coffin | |一具棺材 a coffin | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 101: | Line 116: | ||
|set of thing, attitude | |set of thing, attitude | ||
|一副盔甲 a suit of armor, 一副笑脸 a smiling face | |一副盔甲 a suit of armor, 一副笑脸 a smiling face | ||
|- | |||
|些 | |||
|xiē | |||
|some, somewhat | |||
|一些人 some people | |||
|- | |||
|匝 | |匝 | ||
|zā | |zā | ||
Line 111: | Line 131: | ||
|team | |team | ||
|一队士兵 a team of soldiers | |一队士兵 a team of soldiers | ||
|- | |||
|''陌'' | |||
|''mò'' | |||
|''outdated monetary unit, 100 wén'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|''陔'' | |||
|''gāi'' | |||
|''stage'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|部 | |部 | ||
|bù | |bù | ||
Line 161: | Line 191: | ||
|time of amount | |time of amount | ||
|两倍收入 twice income | |两倍收入 twice income | ||
|- | |||
|''儋'' | |||
|''dàn'' | |||
|''outdated unit of weight'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|''卖'' | |||
|''mài'' | |||
|''dish'' | |||
|''一卖杂烩 a dish of chowder'' | |||
|- | |||
|亩 | |亩 | ||
|mǔ | |mǔ | ||
Line 206: | Line 246: | ||
|ware bundled with grass | |ware bundled with grass | ||
|一荮盘子 a bundle of plates | |一荮盘子 a bundle of plates | ||
|- | |||
|''落'' | |||
|''luò'' | |||
|''pile'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|蓬 | |蓬 | ||
|péng | |péng | ||
Line 221: | Line 266: | ||
|urging guests to drink | |urging guests to drink | ||
|酒过三巡 after three times of persuading to drink | |酒过三巡 after three times of persuading to drink | ||
|- | |||
|''过'' | |||
|''guò'' | |||
|''number of times'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|''进'' | |||
|''jìn'' | |||
|''layer'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|通 | |||
|tōng | |||
|number of times | |||
|一通电话 a phone call | |||
|- | |||
|''造'' | |||
|''zào'' | |||
|''number of times of harvest'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|遍 | |遍 | ||
|biàn | |biàn | ||
| | |number of times of action | ||
|看一遍 look at it one time | |看一遍 look at it one time | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 269: | Line 334: | ||
|张 | |张 | ||
|zhāng | |zhāng | ||
|piece of paper, table, mouth, bow | |piece of paper, table, chair, mouth, bow, ... | ||
|一张明信片 a postcard | |一张明信片 a postcard | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 276: | Line 341: | ||
|curved moon | |curved moon | ||
|一弯明月 a curved bright moon | |一弯明月 a curved bright moon | ||
|- | |||
|开 | |||
|kāi | |||
|karat, folds of folio | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|''庄'' | |||
|''zhuāng'' | |||
|''number of matters'' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|床 | |床 | ||
|chuáng | |chuáng | ||
Line 287: | Line 362: | ||
|一座山 a mountain | |一座山 a mountain | ||
|- | |- | ||
|庹 | |''庹'' | ||
|tuǒ | |''tuǒ'' | ||
|outddated, length of stretched arms | |''outddated, length of stretched arms'' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 295: | Line 370: | ||
|tiě | |tiě | ||
|mixed decotion | |mixed decotion | ||
|一帖中药 | |一帖中药 a dose of Chinese medicine | ||
|- | |- | ||
|帧 | |帧 | ||
Line 306: | Line 381: | ||
|table of meal | |table of meal | ||
|一席酒 a table of wine | |一席酒 a table of wine | ||
|- | |||
|''常'' | |||
|''cháng'' | |||
|''outdated unit of length, 1 zhàng 4 chǐ'' | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|幅 | |幅 | ||
| | |fú | ||
| | |paintiing, cloth | ||
| | |一幅画 a painting | ||
|- | |- | ||
|幢 | |幢 | ||
| | |zhuàng | ||
| | |building | ||
| | |一幢大楼 a large building | ||
|- | |- | ||
|口 | |口 | ||
| | |kǒu | ||
| | |well, mouthful of food, ... | ||
| | |一口井 a well | ||
|- | |- | ||
|句 | |句 | ||
| | |jù | ||
| | |sentence | ||
| | |一句话 a sentence | ||
|- | |- | ||
|号 | |号 | ||
| | |hào | ||
| | |people | ||
| | |几十号人 tens of people | ||
|- | |- | ||
|台 | |台 | ||
| | |tái | ||
| | |drama, aparatus, ... | ||
| | |一台电视 a television | ||
|- | |- | ||
|只 | |只 | ||
| | |zhī | ||
| | |animal, wing, ... | ||
| | |一只老虎 a tiger | ||
|- | |- | ||
|吊 | |''吊'' | ||
| | |''diào'' | ||
| | |''outdated monetery unit, 1000 coins'' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|合 | |合 | ||
| | |gě | ||
| | |volume unit, 1/10 litre; | ||
outdated untelsil for grains | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|名 | |名 | ||
| | |míng | ||
| | |people | ||
| | |一名商人 a merchant | ||
|- | |- | ||
|吨 | |吨 | ||
| | |dūn | ||
| | |ton; | ||
volume unit for ship, 2.83 cubic metres | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|和 | |和 | ||
| | |huò | ||
| | |time of changing water | ||
| | |洗了三和 washed three times | ||
|- | |- | ||
|味 | |味 | ||
| | |wèi | ||
| | |kind of medicinal herb | ||
| | |五味药 five kinds of medicinal herb | ||
|- | |- | ||
|响 | |响 | ||
| | |xiǎng | ||
| | |number of times of sound | ||
| | |双响 two times of sound | ||
|- | |- | ||
|骑 | |骑 | ||
| | |qí | ||
| | |person with horse | ||
| | |千乘万骑 thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry | ||
|- | |- | ||
|门 | |门 | ||
| | |mén | ||
| | |cannon | ||
| | |一门大炮 a big cannon | ||
|- | |- | ||
|间 | |间 | ||
| | |jiān | ||
| | |room | ||
| | |一间公寓 an apartment | ||
|- | |- | ||
|阕 | |阕 | ||
| | |què | ||
| | |lyrics | ||
| | |一阕词 a line of verse | ||
|- | |- | ||
|宗 | |宗 | ||
| | |zōng | ||
| | |matter | ||
| | |一宗诉讼 a lawsuit | ||
|- | |- | ||
|客 | |客 | ||
| | |kè | ||
| | |sale of food | ||
| | |一客冰淇淋 an ice-cream | ||
|- | |- | ||
|家 | |家 | ||
| | |jiā | ||
| | |family, shop or enterprise, ... | ||
|一家店铺 a shop | |||
|- | |||
|''彪'' | |||
|''biāo'' | |||
|''outdated, troop'' | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|层 | |层 | ||
| | |céng | ||
| | |layer | ||
| | |一层楼 a floor | ||
|- | |- | ||
|尾 | |尾 | ||
| | |wěi | ||
| | |fish | ||
| | |一尾鱼 a fish | ||
|- | |- | ||
|届 | |届 | ||
| | |jiè | ||
| | |term of meeting or the group of students to graduate | ||
| | |一届会议 a meeting | ||
|- | |- | ||
|声 | |声 | ||
| | |shēng | ||
| | |number of times of sound | ||
| | |一声叹息 a sigh | ||
|- | |- | ||
|扎 | |扎 | ||
| | |zā | ||
| | |bunch | ||
| | |一扎钱 a bunch of cash | ||
|- | |- | ||
|打 | |打 | ||
| | |dá | ||
| | |dozen | ||
| | |一打铅笔 a dozen pencils | ||
|- | |- | ||
|扣 | |扣 | ||
| | |kòu | ||
| | |bunch of document, thread lap | ||
| | |拧了三扣 screwed three laps | ||
|- | |- | ||
|把 | |把 | ||
| | |bǎ | ||
| | |handful thing | ||
|一把粮食 a hand of grains | |||
|- | |||
|抛 | |||
|pāo | |||
|dirty thing | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|批 | |批 | ||
| | |pī | ||
| | |large thing or large amount of things | ||
| | |一批货物 a batch of goods | ||
|- | |- | ||
|抔 | |抔 | ||
| | |póu | ||
| | |grains | ||
| | |一抔沙子 a handful of sand | ||
|- | |- | ||
|抱 | |抱 | ||
| | |bào | ||
| | |encirclement of two arms | ||
| | |一抱柴火 an armful of firewood | ||
|- | |- | ||
|拨 | |拨 | ||
| | |bō | ||
| | |group | ||
| | |一拨客人 a group of customers | ||
|- | |- | ||
|担 | |担 | ||
| | |dàn | ||
| | |thing beared by shoulders | ||
| | |一担水 a bucket of water | ||
|- | |- | ||
|拉 | |拉 | ||
| | |lǎ | ||
| | |the divided | ||
| | |半拉地 the half of divided land | ||
|- | |- | ||
|抬 | |抬 | ||
| | |tái | ||
| | |thing lifted by two people | ||
| | |八抬大轿 eight lift sedan chair | ||
|- | |- | ||
|拃 | |拃 | ||
| | |zhǎ | ||
| | |length of spreaded thumb and middle finger tips | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- |
Revision as of 08:19, 23 April 2017
In Chinese, in order to specify a certain number of something, you combine a number with a measure word or classifier, followed by the noun.
You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几".
Below is a comprehensive list of Chinese measure words and how to use them.
Character | Pinyin | Usage or meaning | Example |
---|---|---|---|
串 | chuàn | string of the same things | 一串葡萄 a bunch of grapes |
事 | shì | piece of garment | |
册 | cè | book | 一册书 a book |
丘 | qiū | divided paddy field | 一丘田 a paddy field |
乘 | shèng | chariot | 千乘之国 country with a thousand chariots |
下 | xià | time of the same action | 点击鼠标两下 click the mouse two times |
丈 | zhàng | unit of length, 10/3 metre for now | 万丈深渊 ten thousand zhang depth abyss |
丝 | sī | magnitude, 1/10000 | 丝米 1/10000 metre |
两 | liǎng | unit of weight, 50 grams for now | 半斤八两 half jin and eight liang (idiom, at the same level, derogatory) |
举 | jǔ | outdated weight unit, 3 liǎng | |
美 | měi | mel scale | |
具 | jù | coffin, corpse, bracket clock, ... | 一具棺材 a coffin |
包 | bāo | pack | 一包烟 a pack of cigarette |
厘 | lí | magnitude, 1/100;
unit of length, weight, acreage or interest rate |
厘米 1/100 metre |
刀 | dāo | time of cutting, 100 pieces of paper | 切三刀 to cut 3 times, 一刀纸 100 pieces of paper |
分 | fēn | divided part | 二分之一 1/2 |
列 | liè | row of the same things | 一列火车 a train |
则 | zé | article | 一则公告 an annoncement |
剂 | jì | decoction of medicinal ingredients | 一剂药 a dose of medicine |
副 | fù | set of thing, attitude | 一副盔甲 a suit of armor, 一副笑脸 a smiling face |
些 | xiē | some, somewhat | 一些人 some people |
匝 | zā | turn | 绕树三匝 around the tree three turns |
队 | duì | team | 一队士兵 a team of soldiers |
陌 | mò | outdated monetary unit, 100 wén | |
陔 | gāi | stage | |
部 | bù | movie, novel, vehicle, phone, ... | 一部电影 a movie |
出 | chū | drama | 一出戏 a show |
个 | gè | universal measure word | 一个人 a person, 一个场景 a scene |
介 | jiè | person with occupation | 一介书生 a scholar |
令 | lǐng | 500 piecses of paper | 一令纸 500 pieces of paper |
份 | fèn | the integrated | 一份牛排 a steak, 一份报纸 a newspaper |
伙 | huǒ | group of people | 一伙强盗 a group of robbers |
件 | jiàn | affair, garment | 一件事 an affair |
任 | rèn | term of office | 一任总统 a president |
倍 | bèi | time of amount | 两倍收入 twice income |
儋 | dàn | outdated unit of weight | |
卖 | mài | dish | 一卖杂烩 a dish of chowder |
亩 | mǔ | unit of area, 1/15 hectare for now | 一亩地 1 mu of land |
记 | jì | hit on body | 一记耳光 a slap in the face |
双 | shuāng | pair | 一双翅膀 a pair of wings |
发 | fā | cartridge | 一发子弹 a bullet |
叠 | dié | stack | 一叠盘子 a stack of plates |
节 | jié | section | 一节比赛 a section of game, 一节竹子 a section of bamboo |
茎 | jīng | thin stick | 一茎草 a stick of grass |
莛 | tíng | stalk | 一莛草 a stick of grass |
荮 | zhòu | ware bundled with grass | 一荮盘子 a bundle of plates |
落 | luò | pile | |
蓬 | péng | the dishevelled | 一蓬凤尾竹 a Bambusa Multiplex |
蔸 | dōu | plant | 一蔸草 a stick of grass |
巡 | xún | urging guests to drink | 酒过三巡 after three times of persuading to drink |
过 | guò | number of times | |
进 | jìn | layer | |
通 | tōng | number of times | 一通电话 a phone call |
造 | zào | number of times of harvest | |
遍 | biàn | number of times of action | 看一遍 look at it one time |
道 | dào | strip, door, meal, question, sight of intrest, ... | 一道门 a door |
遭 | zāo | time of encounter | 走一遭 go a time |
对 | duì | pair | 一对情侣 a pair of lovers |
尊 | zūn | idol, cannon, cup of wine | 一尊大炮 a cannon |
头 | tóu | animal | 一头大象 an elephant |
套 | tào | set | 一套餐具 a set of tableware |
弓 | gōng | outdated unit of length, 1/5 chǐ | |
引 | yǐn | outdated unit of length, 10 zhàng | |
张 | zhāng | piece of paper, table, chair, mouth, bow, ... | 一张明信片 a postcard |
弯 | wān | curved moon | 一弯明月 a curved bright moon |
开 | kāi | karat, folds of folio | |
庄 | zhuāng | number of matters | |
床 | chuáng | bedding | 一床被子 a quilt |
座 | zuò | big and not movable thing | 一座山 a mountain |
庹 | tuǒ | outddated, length of stretched arms | |
帖 | tiě | mixed decotion | 一帖中药 a dose of Chinese medicine |
帧 | zhēn | piece of picture | 一帧油画 an oil painting |
席 | xí | table of meal | 一席酒 a table of wine |
常 | cháng | outdated unit of length, 1 zhàng 4 chǐ | |
幅 | fú | paintiing, cloth | 一幅画 a painting |
幢 | zhuàng | building | 一幢大楼 a large building |
口 | kǒu | well, mouthful of food, ... | 一口井 a well |
句 | jù | sentence | 一句话 a sentence |
号 | hào | people | 几十号人 tens of people |
台 | tái | drama, aparatus, ... | 一台电视 a television |
只 | zhī | animal, wing, ... | 一只老虎 a tiger |
吊 | diào | outdated monetery unit, 1000 coins | |
合 | gě | volume unit, 1/10 litre;
outdated untelsil for grains |
|
名 | míng | people | 一名商人 a merchant |
吨 | dūn | ton;
volume unit for ship, 2.83 cubic metres |
|
和 | huò | time of changing water | 洗了三和 washed three times |
味 | wèi | kind of medicinal herb | 五味药 five kinds of medicinal herb |
响 | xiǎng | number of times of sound | 双响 two times of sound |
骑 | qí | person with horse | 千乘万骑 thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry |
门 | mén | cannon | 一门大炮 a big cannon |
间 | jiān | room | 一间公寓 an apartment |
阕 | què | lyrics | 一阕词 a line of verse |
宗 | zōng | matter | 一宗诉讼 a lawsuit |
客 | kè | sale of food | 一客冰淇淋 an ice-cream |
家 | jiā | family, shop or enterprise, ... | 一家店铺 a shop |
彪 | biāo | outdated, troop | |
层 | céng | layer | 一层楼 a floor |
尾 | wěi | fish | 一尾鱼 a fish |
届 | jiè | term of meeting or the group of students to graduate | 一届会议 a meeting |
声 | shēng | number of times of sound | 一声叹息 a sigh |
扎 | zā | bunch | 一扎钱 a bunch of cash |
打 | dá | dozen | 一打铅笔 a dozen pencils |
扣 | kòu | bunch of document, thread lap | 拧了三扣 screwed three laps |
把 | bǎ | handful thing | 一把粮食 a hand of grains |
抛 | pāo | dirty thing | |
批 | pī | large thing or large amount of things | 一批货物 a batch of goods |
抔 | póu | grains | 一抔沙子 a handful of sand |
抱 | bào | encirclement of two arms | 一抱柴火 an armful of firewood |
拨 | bō | group | 一拨客人 a group of customers |
担 | dàn | thing beared by shoulders | 一担水 a bucket of water |
拉 | lǎ | the divided | 半拉地 the half of divided land |
抬 | tái | thing lifted by two people | 八抬大轿 eight lift sedan chair |
拃 | zhǎ | length of spreaded thumb and middle finger tips | |
挂 | |||
挑 | |||
挺 | |||
捆 | |||
掬 | |||
排 | |||
捧 | |||
掐 | |||
搭 | |||
提 | |||
握 | |||
摊 | |||
摞 | |||
撇 | |||
撮 | |||
汪 | |||
泓 | |||
泡 | |||
注 | |||
浔 | |||
派 | |||
湾 | |||
溜 | |||
滩 | |||
滴 | |||
级 | |||
纸 | |||
线 | |||
组 | |||
绞 | |||
统 | |||
绺 | |||
综 | |||
缕 | |||
缗 | |||
场 | |||
块 | |||
坛 | |||
垛 | |||
堵 | |||
堆 | |||
堂 | |||
塔 | |||
墩 | |||
回 | |||
团 | |||
围 | |||
圈 | |||
孔 | |||
贴 | |||
点 | |||
煎 | |||
熟 | |||
车 | |||
轮 | |||
转 | |||
载 | |||
辆 | |||
料 | |||
卷 | |||
截 | |||
户 | |||
房 | |||
所 | |||
扇 | |||
炉 | |||
炷 | |||
觉 | |||
斤 | |||
笔 | |||
本 | |||
朵 | |||
杆 | |||
束 | |||
条 | |||
杯 | |||
枚 | |||
枝 | |||
柄 | |||
栋 | |||
架 | |||
根 | |||
桄 | |||
梃 | |||
样 | |||
株 | |||
桩 | |||
梭 | |||
桶 | |||
棵 | |||
榀 | |||
槽 | |||
犋 | |||
爿 | |||
片 | |||
版 | |||
歇 | |||
手 | |||
拳 | |||
段 | |||
沓 | |||
班 | |||
文 | |||
曲 | |||
替 | |||
股 | |||
肩 | |||
脬 | |||
腔 | |||
支 | |||
步 | |||
武 | |||
瓣 | |||
秒 | |||
秩 | |||
钟 | |||
钱 | |||
铢 | |||
锊 | |||
铺 | |||
锤 | |||
锭 | |||
锱 | |||
章 | |||
盆 | |||
盏 | |||
盘 | |||
眉 | |||
眼 | |||
石 | |||
码 | |||
砣 | |||
碗 | |||
磴 | |||
票 | |||
罗 | |||
畈 | |||
番 | |||
窝 | |||
联 | |||
缶 | |||
耦 | |||
粒 | |||
索 | |||
累 | |||
緉 | |||
般 | |||
艘 | |||
竿 | |||
筥 | |||
筒 | |||
筹 | |||
管 | |||
篇 | |||
箱 | |||
簇 | |||
角 | |||
重 | |||
身 | |||
躯 | |||
酲 | |||
起 | |||
趟 | |||
面 | |||
首 | |||
项 | |||
领 | |||
顶 | |||
颗 | |||
顷 | |||
袭 | |||
群 | |||
袋 |