Difference between revisions of "Language/Hebrew/Grammar/Personal-pronouns-and-the-present-tense"

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== Vocabulary==  
== Vocabulary==  


* '' 'pupil' '' תַלְמִיד ז
* pupil תַלְמִיד ז


* '' 'letter' '' מִכְתָב ז
* letter מִכְתָב ז


* '' 'pencil' '' עִפָּרוֹן ז
* pencil עִפָּרוֹן ז


* '' 'book' '' סֵפֶר ז
* book סֵפֶר ז


* '' 'Bread' '' לֶחֶם ז
* Bread לֶחֶם ז


* '' 'Hebrew' '' (adverbial) עִבְרִית
* Hebrew (adverbial) עִבְרִית
== Grammar==
== Grammar==


++ Prepositions with and in Hebrew are expressed by the same letter בּ placed in front of the name. ==
++ Prepositions with and in Hebrew are expressed by the same letter בּ placed in front of the name. ==


* a '' 'letter' '' מִכְתָב
* a letter מִכְתָב


* '' 'In' 'a' 'letter' '' בְּמִכְתָב
* In a letter בְּמִכְתָב


* '' 'in' '' a '' 'beautiful letter' '' בְּמִכְתָב יָפֶה
* in a beautiful letter בְּמִכְתָב יָפֶה


* a '' 'big book' '' סֵפֶר גָּדוֹל
* a big book סֵפֶר גָּדוֹל


* '' 'in' '' a '' 'big book' '' בְּסֵפֶר גָּדוֹל
* in a big book בְּסֵפֶר גָּדוֹל


One can also translate with a letter, with a beautiful letter, with a large book, depending on the context.
One can also translate with a letter, with a beautiful letter, with a large book, depending on the context.
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=== When the name is defined, the ה is deleted and its vowel goes under the בּ ===
=== When the name is defined, the ה is deleted and its vowel goes under the בּ ===


'' 'the letter' '' הַמִכְתָב
* the letter / הַמִכְתָב


'' 'in the letter' '' בַּמִכְתָב
* in the letter / בַּמִכְתָב


=== The qualifying adjective normally takes the definite article ===
=== The qualifying adjective normally takes the definite article ===


'' 'the beautiful letter' '' הַמִכְתָב הַיָפֶה
* the beautiful letter / הַמִכְתָב הַיָפֶה


'' 'in' '' (or '' 'with' '') '' 'the beautiful letter' '' בַּמִכְתָב הַיָפֶה
* in (or with) the beautiful letter / בַּמִכְתָב הַיָפֶה


'' 'the big book' '' הַסֵפֶר הַגָּדוֹל
* the big book / הַסֵפֶר הַגָּדוֹל


'' 'in' '' (or '' 'with' '') '' 'the big book' '' בַּסֵפֶר הַגָּדוֹל
* in (or with) the big book / בַּסֵפֶר הַגָּדוֹל


=== In front of names and adjectives beginning with one of the letters ע, א or ר, the definite article takes the vowel ָ ===
=== In front of names and adjectives beginning with one of the letters ע, א or ר, the definite article takes the vowel ָ ===


'' 'with the pencil' '' בָּעִפָּרוֹן
* with the pencil / בָּעִפָּרוֹן


== The verb "present" ==
== The verb "present" ==
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Let's look at how the verbs that we define as: סָסַס
Let's look at how the verbs that we define as: סָסַס


'' Write '' 'כָּתַב
* Write כָּתַב


'' 'Eat' '' אָכַל
* Eat אָכַל


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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It will be noted that English proceeds in the same way with this difference that he uses the auxilière to be, non-existent in Hebrew: I am eating.
It will be noted that English proceeds in the same way with this difference that he uses the auxilière to be, non-existent in Hebrew: I am eating.


Rachel writes with a pencil רָחֵל כּוֹתֶבֶת בְּעִפָּרוֹן
*Rachel writes with a pencil רָחֵל כּוֹתֶבֶת בְּעִפָּרוֹן


Joseph eats bread יוֹסֵף אוֹכֵל לֶחֶם
*Joseph eats bread יוֹסֵף אוֹכֵל לֶחֶם


=== The past participle (פָּעוּל) ===
=== The past participle (פָּעוּל) ===
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|'''כְּתוּבִים'''
|'''כְּתוּבִים'''
|}
|}
This book is written in Hebrew הַסֵפֶר הַזֶה כָּתוּב בְּעִבְרִית
*This book is written in Hebrew הַסֵפֶר הַזֶה כָּתוּב בְּעִבְרִית


There are seven verbal forms in Hebrew. The one we have examined is the simple form (קַל, also called פָּעַל.
There are seven verbal forms in Hebrew. The one we have examined is the simple form (קַל, also called פָּעַל.

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