Difference between revisions of "Language/Hausa/Grammar/Present-Tense"
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<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson:</span> [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]], [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]. | <span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson:</span> [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]], [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Hausa/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]. | ||
== How to Form the Present Tense in Hausa == | == How to Form the Present Tense in Hausa == | ||
The present tense in Hausa is formed by | The present tense in Hausa is formed by attaching specific prefixes and sometimes suffixes to the verb stem. These prefixes vary depending on the subject pronoun. Below is a list of subject pronouns in Hausa and how to form the present tense for each: | ||
* Ina (I) | * '''Ina''' (I) | ||
* Ka (You - singular) | * '''Ka/Ki''' (You - singular, masculine/feminine) | ||
* Shi (He) | * '''Shi''' (He) | ||
* | * '''Ita''' (She) | ||
* Mun (We) | * '''Mun''' (We) | ||
* Ku (You - plural) | * '''Ku''' (You - plural) | ||
* Su (They) | * '''Su''' (They) | ||
The basic structure for forming the present tense in Hausa involves using a subject pronoun plus the appropriate prefix attached to the verb stem. For certain pronouns, the verb stem itself may slightly change or remain the same. | |||
Here are the corrected and expanded rules for forming the present tense: | |||
* Ina: | * '''Ina''': This indicates "I am" doing an action. For example, "Ina karatu" means "I am reading." | ||
* Ka: | * '''Ka''': Used for "You are" (singular, masculine) doing something. For example, "Ka karanta" means "You are reading." | ||
* Shi: | * '''Ki''': Used for "You are" (singular, feminine) doing something. For example, "Ki karanta" means "You (feminine) are reading." | ||
* | * '''Shi''': Used for "He is" doing something. For example, "Shi yana karatu" means "He is reading." | ||
* Mun: | * '''Ita''': Used for "She is" doing something. For example, "Ita tana karatu" means "She is reading." | ||
* Ku: | * '''Mun''': Used for "We are" doing something. For example, "Mun karanta" means "We are reading." | ||
* Su: | * '''Ku''': Used for "You (plural) are" doing something. For example, "Ku karanta" means "You all are reading." | ||
* '''Su''': Used for "They are" doing something. For example, "Su karanta" means "They are reading." | |||
It's | It's crucial to understand that in Hausa, verb conjugation can involve both prefixes and suffixes, with some variations depending on dialect and context. | ||
== Practice == | == Practice == | ||
To practice forming the present tense in Hausa, consider these corrected sentences: | |||
* Ina | * Ina tafiya zuwa Sokoto. (I am going to Sokoto.) | ||
* Ka kawo | * Ka kawo abinci. (You bring the food.) | ||
* Shi ya kashe | * Shi ya kashe ta. (He killed her.) | ||
* | * Ita tana kawo kudi. (She is bringing money.) | ||
* Mun yi | * Mun yi magana akan soyayya. (We are talking about love.) | ||
* Ku shiga | * Ku shiga cikin daki. (You all enter the room.) | ||
* Su fita daga | * Su fita daga hanya. (They are leaving the road.) | ||
By mastering | By mastering these conjugations, you will significantly improve your ability to communicate in Hausa. | ||
==Present Tense Conjugation - Examples== | ==Present Tense Conjugation - Examples== | ||
Line 52: | Line 53: | ||
!'''<big>ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION</big>''' | !'''<big>ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION</big>''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|I read | |||
|I | |'''<big>Ina karatu</big>''' | ||
|'''<big>Ina | |'''''ih nah kah rah too''''' | ||
|'''''ih nah | |||
|- | |- | ||
|You (masc.) read | |||
|'''<big>Ka karanta</big>''' | |||
|'''''kah kah rahn tah''''' | |||
|You | |||
|'''<big> | |||
|''''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |You (fem.) read | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ki karanta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''kee kah rahn tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |He reads | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Shi yana karatu</big>''' | ||
|'''''kah | |'''''shee yah nah kah rah too''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |She reads | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ita tana karatu</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''ee tah tah nah kah rah too''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|We | |We read | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Mun karanta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''moon kah rahn tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|You | |You (pl.) read | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ku karanta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''koo kah rahn tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|They | |They read | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Su karanta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''soo kah rahn tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |I write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ina rubutu</big>''' | ||
| | |'''''ih nah roo boo too''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |You (masc.) write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ka rubuta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''kah roo boo tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|You | |You (fem.) write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ki rubuta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''kee roo boo tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|He | |He writes | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Shi yana rubutu</big>''' | ||
|'''''yah nah | |'''''shee yah nah roo boo too''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |She writes | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ita tana rubutu</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''ee tah tah nah roo boo too''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |We write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Mun rubuta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''moon roo boo tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |You (pl.) write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ku rubuta</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''koo roo boo tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |They write | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Su rubuta</big>''' | ||
| | |'''''soo roo boo tah''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|I eat | |I eat | ||
|'''<big>Ina ci</big>''' | |'''<big>Ina ci</big>''' | ||
|'''''ih nah | |'''''ih nah chee''''' | ||
|- | |||
|You (masc.) eat | |||
|'''<big>Ka ci</big>''' | |||
|'''''kah chee''''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|You eat | |You (fem.) eat | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ki ci</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''kee chee''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|He eats | |He eats | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Shi yana ci</big>''' | ||
|'''''yah nah | |'''''shee yah nah chee''''' | ||
|- | |||
|She eats | |||
|'''<big>Ita tana ci</big>''' | |||
|'''''ee tah tah nah chee''''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|We eat | |We eat | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Mun ci</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''moon chee''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|You eat | |You (pl.) eat | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Ku ci</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''koo chee''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|They eat | |They eat | ||
|'''<big> | |'''<big>Su ci</big>''' | ||
|''''' | |'''''soo chee''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Other Lessons== | ==Other Lessons== |
Latest revision as of 19:53, 11 February 2024
Hello Everyone, 😊
In today’s lesson we are going to study the following topic: ”PRESENT TENSE” in Hausa.
Please feel free to edit this page if you think it can be improved!
Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Future Tense, Conditional Mood, Questions & Adjectives.
How to Form the Present Tense in Hausa[edit | edit source]
The present tense in Hausa is formed by attaching specific prefixes and sometimes suffixes to the verb stem. These prefixes vary depending on the subject pronoun. Below is a list of subject pronouns in Hausa and how to form the present tense for each:
- Ina (I)
- Ka/Ki (You - singular, masculine/feminine)
- Shi (He)
- Ita (She)
- Mun (We)
- Ku (You - plural)
- Su (They)
The basic structure for forming the present tense in Hausa involves using a subject pronoun plus the appropriate prefix attached to the verb stem. For certain pronouns, the verb stem itself may slightly change or remain the same.
Here are the corrected and expanded rules for forming the present tense:
- Ina: This indicates "I am" doing an action. For example, "Ina karatu" means "I am reading."
- Ka: Used for "You are" (singular, masculine) doing something. For example, "Ka karanta" means "You are reading."
- Ki: Used for "You are" (singular, feminine) doing something. For example, "Ki karanta" means "You (feminine) are reading."
- Shi: Used for "He is" doing something. For example, "Shi yana karatu" means "He is reading."
- Ita: Used for "She is" doing something. For example, "Ita tana karatu" means "She is reading."
- Mun: Used for "We are" doing something. For example, "Mun karanta" means "We are reading."
- Ku: Used for "You (plural) are" doing something. For example, "Ku karanta" means "You all are reading."
- Su: Used for "They are" doing something. For example, "Su karanta" means "They are reading."
It's crucial to understand that in Hausa, verb conjugation can involve both prefixes and suffixes, with some variations depending on dialect and context.
Practice[edit | edit source]
To practice forming the present tense in Hausa, consider these corrected sentences:
- Ina tafiya zuwa Sokoto. (I am going to Sokoto.)
- Ka kawo abinci. (You bring the food.)
- Shi ya kashe ta. (He killed her.)
- Ita tana kawo kudi. (She is bringing money.)
- Mun yi magana akan soyayya. (We are talking about love.)
- Ku shiga cikin daki. (You all enter the room.)
- Su fita daga hanya. (They are leaving the road.)
By mastering these conjugations, you will significantly improve your ability to communicate in Hausa.
Present Tense Conjugation - Examples[edit | edit source]
ENGLISH | HAUSA | ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION |
---|---|---|
I read | Ina karatu | ih nah kah rah too |
You (masc.) read | Ka karanta | kah kah rahn tah |
You (fem.) read | Ki karanta | kee kah rahn tah |
He reads | Shi yana karatu | shee yah nah kah rah too |
She reads | Ita tana karatu | ee tah tah nah kah rah too |
We read | Mun karanta | moon kah rahn tah |
You (pl.) read | Ku karanta | koo kah rahn tah |
They read | Su karanta | soo kah rahn tah |
I write | Ina rubutu | ih nah roo boo too |
You (masc.) write | Ka rubuta | kah roo boo tah |
You (fem.) write | Ki rubuta | kee roo boo tah |
He writes | Shi yana rubutu | shee yah nah roo boo too |
She writes | Ita tana rubutu | ee tah tah nah roo boo too |
We write | Mun rubuta | moon roo boo tah |
You (pl.) write | Ku rubuta | koo roo boo tah |
They write | Su rubuta | soo roo boo tah |
I eat | Ina ci | ih nah chee |
You (masc.) eat | Ka ci | kah chee |
You (fem.) eat | Ki ci | kee chee |
He eats | Shi yana ci | shee yah nah chee |
She eats | Ita tana ci | ee tah tah nah chee |
We eat | Mun ci | moon chee |
You (pl.) eat | Ku ci | koo chee |
They eat | Su ci | soo chee |
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Definite Articles in Hausa
- Questions
- Future Tense
- Conditional Mood
- Pronouns
- Gender
- Plurals
- Past Participle in Hausa
- Past Tense