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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Northern-uzbek|Northern Uzbek]]  → [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Advanced Grammar Concepts → Passive Voice</div>
__TOC__
== Introduction ==
In this lesson, we will explore the concept of passive voice in Northern Uzbek grammar. Passive voice is an important grammatical structure that allows us to focus on the action being done to the subject, rather than the subject performing the action. By understanding how to form and use the passive voice, you will be able to express yourself more effectively in various contexts. This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Uzbek Course" and is designed for students who have a basic understanding of Northern Uzbek grammar and are ready to delve into more advanced concepts.
== Understanding Passive Voice ==
Passive voice is a grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence undergoes the action of the verb, rather than performing the action itself. In passive voice sentences, the subject receives the action rather than initiating it. This can be useful in situations where the focus is on the action or when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.


<div class="pg_page_title">Northern Uzbek Grammar → Advanced Grammar Concepts → Passive Voice</div>
To form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek, we need to use the verb "bo'l-" (to be) in the appropriate tense and add the past participle of the main verb. The table below shows the conjugation of "bo'l-" in the present tense:


__TOC__
{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Uzbek !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| bo'lamiz || boh-la-miz || we are
|-
| bo'larsiz || boh-lar-siz || you are (singular or polite form)
|-
| bo'ladilar || boh-la-di-lar || they are
|}


As a Northern Uzbek language teacher, I have taught my students about basic sentence structures, verb tenses, and even regional dialects and accents. Now, it's time to dive into advanced grammar concepts, starting with the passive voice. In this lesson, I'll teach you how to form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek and give you examples of when and how to use it.
To form the passive voice, we simply conjugate "bo'l-" according to the subject and tense, and add the past participle of the main verb. Let's look at some examples:


Example 1:
Active voice: Ustoz kitobni o'qiydi. (The teacher reads the book.)
Passive voice: Kitob ustoz tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by the teacher.)


<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]] & [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Present-Perfect-Tense|Present Perfect Tense]].</span>
Example 2:
== What is the Passive Voice? ==
Active voice: Men do'konga boraman. (I go to the store.)
Passive voice: Do'kon men tomonidan boriladi. (The store is gone to by me.)


The passive voice is a verb construction in which the subject of the sentence undergoes the action of the verb, rather than performing it. In simple terms, the focus is on the receiver of an action, rather than the doer. Passive voice sentences are formed by using the auxiliary verb "bo'l-" with a past participle.
Example 3:
Active voice: Ular mehmonni qabul qiladilar. (They welcome the guest.)
Passive voice: Mehmon ular tomonidan qabul qilinadi. (The guest is welcomed by them.)


Here's an example in English:
As you can see from the examples, the subject of the active voice sentence becomes the object of the preposition "tomonidan" (by), and the main verb is transformed into the past participle form.


Active voice: The cat chased the mouse.
== Uses of the Passive Voice ==
Passive voice: The mouse was chased by the cat.


In the passive voice, the mouse is the receiver of the action, while in the active voice, the cat is the doer of the action.
The passive voice has several important uses in Northern Uzbek. Let's explore them in detail:


Now, let's see how to form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek.
1. Emphasizing the action: The passive voice allows us to emphasize the action being done, rather than the doer of the action. This can be useful in situations where the doer is unknown, unimportant, or already known.


== Forming the Passive Voice ==
Example: Uyimizda qurilgan. (It was built in our house.)
In this sentence, the focus is on the fact that the house was built, rather than who built it.


To form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek, we use the auxiliary verb "bo'l-" followed by a past participle. The past participle is formed by adding -il or -in to the stem of the verb, depending on the vowel harmony.
2. Reporting events: The passive voice is often used in news reports, scientific papers, and formal writing to report events without mentioning the doer of the action explicitly.


Here's the formula:
Example: Barcha ishlar to'g'ri amalga oshirildi. (All the work was done correctly.)
In this sentence, the emphasis is on the fact that the work was done correctly, without specifying who did it.


Passive voice = bo'l- + past participle
3. Avoiding blame or responsibility: The passive voice can be used to avoid assigning blame or responsibility for an action.


For example:
Example: Dars sababli, o'qituvchilar tomonidan qo'yilgan. (Due to the lesson, the chairs were arranged by the teachers.)
In this sentence, the use of passive voice avoids specifying which teachers arranged the chairs.


Active voice: Men kitob o'qiyman. (I read a book.)
4. Describing processes or procedures: The passive voice is often used when describing processes or procedures, as it allows for a clear and logical sequence of actions.
Passive voice: Kitob o'qiladi. (The book is being read.)


To form the past participle of the verb "o'qmok" (to read), we take the stem "o'q-" and add -il for vowel harmony. So, "o'qil-" is the past participle. We then add "bo'l-" before it to get "o'qiladi," meaning "is being read."
Example: Ushbu kitob o'qilishi kerak. (This book needs to be read.)
In this sentence, the passive voice is used to describe the process of reading the book.


Here are some more examples:
== Cultural Insights ==


{| class="wikitable"
In Northern Uzbek culture, the use of passive voice is common in formal and official contexts. It is often used in official documents, news reports, and academic writing to maintain a neutral and objective tone. The passive voice allows the focus to be on the action itself, rather than the individuals involved.
! Northern Uzbek !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Men uy tozalayman. || Men uy tozalayman. || I clean the house.
|-
| Uy tozalanadi. || Uy tozalanadi. || The house is being cleaned.
|-
| Biz taom tayyorlaymiz. || Biz taom tayyorlaymiz. || We prepare food.
|-
| Taom tayyorlanadi. || Taom tayyorlanadi. || The food is being prepared.
|}


It's important to note that the agent of the action (the person or thing doing the action) is usually not mentioned in passive voice sentences in Northern Uzbek. However, if you want to include the agent, you can use the postposition "tomonidan" (by) after the past participle.
It is important to note that the usage of passive voice may vary in different regional dialects of Northern Uzbek. For example, in the Samarkand dialect, passive voice constructions may be less common compared to other dialects. This regional variation can be attributed to historical and cultural factors, as well as the influence of neighboring languages.


Here's an example:
Interesting fact: The use of passive voice in Northern Uzbek can be traced back to the Persian influence on the language. Persian, which has had a significant impact on the development of Uzbek, also uses passive voice constructions extensively.


Kitob o'qiladi o'qituvchi tomonidan. (The book is being read by the teacher.)
== Practice Exercises ==


Now that you know how to form the passive voice, let's see how it's used in different contexts.
Now that you have learned about passive voice in Northern Uzbek, let's practice using it in different contexts. Complete the following exercises by transforming the given active voice sentences into passive voice sentences. The solutions are provided below each exercise.


== Uses of the Passive Voice ==
Exercise 1:
Transform the following active voice sentences into passive voice sentences.


The passive voice is used in Northern Uzbek for several reasons, including:
1. Ular meni yordam beradilar. (They help me.)
Solution: Men ular tomonidan yordam berilaman. (I am helped by them.)


1. When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.
2. Biz uydan chiqamiz. (We leave the house.)
2. To emphasize the receiver of the action.
Solution: Uy biz tomonidan chiqiladi. (The house is left by us.)
3. When the focus of the sentence is on the action, rather than the doer.


Here are some examples to help you understand each use:
3. U kitobni o'qiydi. (She reads the book.)
Solution: Kitob u tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by her.)


1. Unknown or unimportant doer:
Exercise 2:
Doer unknown: Mening telefonim olib borildi. (My phone was taken.)
Transform the following active voice sentences into passive voice sentences.
Doer unimportant: Bu kitob mening do'stim tomonidan olindi. (This book was taken by my friend.)


2. Emphasizing receiver of the action:
1. Ota ona mening uyimni tezroq to'playdi. (My parents clean my house faster.)
Emphasis on receiver: Bugun vaqt chaqirildi. (Time was wasted today.)
Solution: Uyim ota ona tomonidan tezroq to'planadi. (My house is cleaned faster by my parents.)
Emphasis on action: Guruchlar yiqiladi. (The bridges are collapsing.)


3. Focus on the action, rather than the doer:
2. Biz mehmonni kutamiz. (We wait for the guest.)
Doer unimportant: Mening hujjatim qabul qilindi. (My document was accepted.)
Solution: Mehmon biz tomonidan kutiladi. (The guest is waited for by us.)
Action focus: Hujjatim qabul qilinadi. (The document is being accepted.)


As you can see, the passive voice can be used in various situations to give a sentence a different emphasis or focus. It's important to understand when and how to use it properly.
3. U o'qituvchi talabalar bilan gaplashadi. (He talks to the students.)
Solution: O'qituvchi talabalar tomonidan gaplashiladi. (The students are talked to by him.)


== Conclusion ==
== Solutions ==


I hope you found this lesson on the passive voice in Northern Uzbek helpful. Remember, to form the passive voice, use the auxiliary verb "bo'l-" with a past participle. The agent of the action is usually not mentioned in passive voice sentences, but you can include it with the postposition "tomonidan." Passive voice is used when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant, to emphasize the receiver of the action, or to focus on the action itself. Practice forming passive voice sentences with different verbs to become more comfortable using this concept in your Northern Uzbek communication.
Exercise 1:
1. Men ular tomonidan yordam berilaman. (I am helped by them.)
2. Uy biz tomonidan chiqiladi. (The house is left by us.)
3. Kitob u tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by her.)


If you have any questions, feel free to ask me in the comments section below. Good luck with your learning!
Exercise 2:
1. Uyim ota ona tomonidan tezroq to'planadi. (My house is cleaned faster by my parents.)
2. Mehmon biz tomonidan kutiladi. (The guest is waited for by us.)
3. O'qituvchi talabalar tomonidan gaplashiladi. (The students are talked to by him.)


Now that you have completed the exercises, you should have a better understanding of how to form and use the passive voice in Northern Uzbek. Practice using passive voice in your own sentences to further reinforce your learning.


<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Orthographic-rules|Orthographic rules]] & [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]].</span>
{{#seo:
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|title=Northern Uzbek Grammar → Advanced Grammar Concepts → Passive Voice
|keywords=Northern Uzbek, Uzbek language, advanced grammar, passive voice, past participle in Uzbek, using auxiliary verbs in Uzbek
|keywords=Northern Uzbek grammar, passive voice, advanced grammar concepts, Uzbek language, Northern Uzbek culture, exercises
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek, and when and how to use it in various contexts. Discover the auxiliary verb "bo'l-" and past participle formation.}}
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the passive voice in Northern Uzbek grammar. Explore the cultural significance of passive voice and practice exercises to reinforce your learning.
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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Forming-sentences-with-negation|Forming sentences with negation]]
* [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Forming-sentences-with-negation|Forming sentences with negation]]
* [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
* [[Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]


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Revision as of 06:10, 20 June 2023

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Northern Uzbek → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Advanced Grammar Concepts → Passive Voice

Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore the concept of passive voice in Northern Uzbek grammar. Passive voice is an important grammatical structure that allows us to focus on the action being done to the subject, rather than the subject performing the action. By understanding how to form and use the passive voice, you will be able to express yourself more effectively in various contexts. This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Uzbek Course" and is designed for students who have a basic understanding of Northern Uzbek grammar and are ready to delve into more advanced concepts.

Understanding Passive Voice

Passive voice is a grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence undergoes the action of the verb, rather than performing the action itself. In passive voice sentences, the subject receives the action rather than initiating it. This can be useful in situations where the focus is on the action or when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.

To form the passive voice in Northern Uzbek, we need to use the verb "bo'l-" (to be) in the appropriate tense and add the past participle of the main verb. The table below shows the conjugation of "bo'l-" in the present tense:

Northern Uzbek Pronunciation English Translation
bo'lamiz boh-la-miz we are
bo'larsiz boh-lar-siz you are (singular or polite form)
bo'ladilar boh-la-di-lar they are

To form the passive voice, we simply conjugate "bo'l-" according to the subject and tense, and add the past participle of the main verb. Let's look at some examples:

Example 1: Active voice: Ustoz kitobni o'qiydi. (The teacher reads the book.) Passive voice: Kitob ustoz tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by the teacher.)

Example 2: Active voice: Men do'konga boraman. (I go to the store.) Passive voice: Do'kon men tomonidan boriladi. (The store is gone to by me.)

Example 3: Active voice: Ular mehmonni qabul qiladilar. (They welcome the guest.) Passive voice: Mehmon ular tomonidan qabul qilinadi. (The guest is welcomed by them.)

As you can see from the examples, the subject of the active voice sentence becomes the object of the preposition "tomonidan" (by), and the main verb is transformed into the past participle form.

Uses of the Passive Voice

The passive voice has several important uses in Northern Uzbek. Let's explore them in detail:

1. Emphasizing the action: The passive voice allows us to emphasize the action being done, rather than the doer of the action. This can be useful in situations where the doer is unknown, unimportant, or already known.

Example: Uyimizda qurilgan. (It was built in our house.) In this sentence, the focus is on the fact that the house was built, rather than who built it.

2. Reporting events: The passive voice is often used in news reports, scientific papers, and formal writing to report events without mentioning the doer of the action explicitly.

Example: Barcha ishlar to'g'ri amalga oshirildi. (All the work was done correctly.) In this sentence, the emphasis is on the fact that the work was done correctly, without specifying who did it.

3. Avoiding blame or responsibility: The passive voice can be used to avoid assigning blame or responsibility for an action.

Example: Dars sababli, o'qituvchilar tomonidan qo'yilgan. (Due to the lesson, the chairs were arranged by the teachers.) In this sentence, the use of passive voice avoids specifying which teachers arranged the chairs.

4. Describing processes or procedures: The passive voice is often used when describing processes or procedures, as it allows for a clear and logical sequence of actions.

Example: Ushbu kitob o'qilishi kerak. (This book needs to be read.) In this sentence, the passive voice is used to describe the process of reading the book.

Cultural Insights

In Northern Uzbek culture, the use of passive voice is common in formal and official contexts. It is often used in official documents, news reports, and academic writing to maintain a neutral and objective tone. The passive voice allows the focus to be on the action itself, rather than the individuals involved.

It is important to note that the usage of passive voice may vary in different regional dialects of Northern Uzbek. For example, in the Samarkand dialect, passive voice constructions may be less common compared to other dialects. This regional variation can be attributed to historical and cultural factors, as well as the influence of neighboring languages.

Interesting fact: The use of passive voice in Northern Uzbek can be traced back to the Persian influence on the language. Persian, which has had a significant impact on the development of Uzbek, also uses passive voice constructions extensively.

Practice Exercises

Now that you have learned about passive voice in Northern Uzbek, let's practice using it in different contexts. Complete the following exercises by transforming the given active voice sentences into passive voice sentences. The solutions are provided below each exercise.

Exercise 1: Transform the following active voice sentences into passive voice sentences.

1. Ular meni yordam beradilar. (They help me.) Solution: Men ular tomonidan yordam berilaman. (I am helped by them.)

2. Biz uydan chiqamiz. (We leave the house.) Solution: Uy biz tomonidan chiqiladi. (The house is left by us.)

3. U kitobni o'qiydi. (She reads the book.) Solution: Kitob u tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by her.)

Exercise 2: Transform the following active voice sentences into passive voice sentences.

1. Ota ona mening uyimni tezroq to'playdi. (My parents clean my house faster.) Solution: Uyim ota ona tomonidan tezroq to'planadi. (My house is cleaned faster by my parents.)

2. Biz mehmonni kutamiz. (We wait for the guest.) Solution: Mehmon biz tomonidan kutiladi. (The guest is waited for by us.)

3. U o'qituvchi talabalar bilan gaplashadi. (He talks to the students.) Solution: O'qituvchi talabalar tomonidan gaplashiladi. (The students are talked to by him.)

Solutions

Exercise 1: 1. Men ular tomonidan yordam berilaman. (I am helped by them.) 2. Uy biz tomonidan chiqiladi. (The house is left by us.) 3. Kitob u tomonidan o'qiladi. (The book is read by her.)

Exercise 2: 1. Uyim ota ona tomonidan tezroq to'planadi. (My house is cleaned faster by my parents.) 2. Mehmon biz tomonidan kutiladi. (The guest is waited for by us.) 3. O'qituvchi talabalar tomonidan gaplashiladi. (The students are talked to by him.)

Now that you have completed the exercises, you should have a better understanding of how to form and use the passive voice in Northern Uzbek. Practice using passive voice in your own sentences to further reinforce your learning.

Table of Contents - Northern Uzbek Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Northern Uzbek


Basic Sentence Structures


Everyday Life


Verbs and Tenses


Northern Uzbek Culture


Advanced Vocabulary and Expressions


Advanced Grammar Concepts


Regional Dialects and Accents


Northern Uzbek Literature


Advanced Sentence Structures


Northern Uzbek Cuisine



Other Lessons



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