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<div class="pg_page_title">Catalan Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Catalan Grammar - Plurals</div>


Welcome to the Catalan Grammar lesson about plurals! In this lesson, you will learn how to form plurals in Catalan.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/catalan Catalan] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Catalan. As you know, plurals are used to refer to more than one person, animal or thing. In Catalan, as well as in other languages, there are different rules for forming plurals depending on the gender and the type of noun.<br>
Let's get started!


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__TOC__


Plurals are an important part of any language, and Catalan is no exception. Plurals are used to refer to more than one person, thing, or idea. In Catalan, there are two main ways to form plurals: regular and irregular.
== Basic Rules ==
In general, to form the plural of a noun in Catalan, you add -s to the singular form. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| noun singular: amor || amors || loves
|-
| noun singular: gat || gats || cats
|-
| noun singular: llibre || llibres || books
|-
| noun singular: ocell || ocells || birds
|-
|}


== Regular Plurals ==
However, there are some exceptions to this rule:


Regular plurals are formed by adding a suffix to the end of the word. The most common suffixes are -s and -os. For example, the singular form of the word "llibre" (book) is "llibre", and the plural form is "llibres".
=== -os and -es endings ===
Some words that end in -o, -ó or -e in the singular form change to -os or -es in the plural form. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| noun singular: cotó || cotons || cottons
|-
| noun singular: cavall || cavalls || horses
|-
| noun singular: ampolleta || ampolletes || little bottles
|-
| noun singular: marroc || marrocs || Morocco leather
|-
|}


In some cases, the spelling of the word changes when forming the plural. For example, the singular form of the word "amor" (love) is "amor", and the plural form is "amors".
=== -ells, -ens, -os endings ===
Some words that end in -ell, -en, -ó, -eu or -o in the singular form have irregular plurals. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| noun singular: fill || fills || sons
|-
| noun singular: u || ulls || eyes
|-
| noun singular: boc || bocs || goats
|-
|}


=== Exceptions ===
=== Plurals with no singular form ===
There are also a few words in Catalan that only exist in the plural form. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| el brics || /ˈbriks/ || backpacks
|-
| els calces || /ˈkalkəs/ || pants
|-
| les ulleres || /uˈleɾəs/ || glasses
|-
| els calçotets || /kəɫsuˈtets/ || underwear
|-
|}


There are some exceptions to the regular plural formation. For example, the singular form of the word "pare" (father) is "pare", but the plural form is "pares".  
Note that these words are usually used with the definite article.


Another exception is the word "dia" (day). The singular form is "dia", but the plural form is "dies".  
== Exceptions for Gender ==
In Catalan, like in many other languages, there are masculine and feminine nouns. The general rule to form the plural of a noun (adding -s) also applies to nouns with a feminine form. For example:


== Irregular Plurals ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| masc. noun singular: gat || gats || cats
|-
| masc. noun singular: ocell || ocells || birds
|-
| fem. noun singular: font || fonts || fountains
|-
| fem. noun singular: rosa || roses || roses
|-
|}


Irregular plurals are formed by changing the spelling of the word. For example, the singular form of the word "home" (man) is "home", and the plural form is "homes".  
So, the rule for forming plurals is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns. However, there are some exceptions in which the ending -a changes to -es:
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| fem. noun singular: raó || raons || reasons
|-
| fem. noun singular: pell || pells || skins
|-
|}


In some cases, the spelling of the word does not change when forming the plural. For example, the singular form of the word "amic" (friend) is "amic", and the plural form is also "amic".
== Plurals of Compound Words ==
Compound words are formed by two or more words that have a combined meaning. In Catalan, the plural of a compound word is formed by adding -s to the last word of the compound. For example:


=== Exceptions ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| el cel blau || els cels blaus || blue skies
|-
| la taula rodona || les taules rodones || round tables
|-
| el nen soldat || els nens soldats || child soldiers
|-
|}


There are some exceptions to the irregular plural formation. For example, the singular form of the word "germà" (brother) is "germà", but the plural form is "germans".  
== Dialogue ==
* Person 1: Hola! Quants gats tens? (Hi! How many cats do you have?)
* Person 2: Tinc tres gats. (I have three cats.)
* Person 1: Ah, i quantes roses tens al jardí? (Ah, and how many roses do you have in your garden?)
* Person 2: Tinc deu roses. (I have ten roses.)


Another exception is the word "fill" (son). The singular form is "fill", but the plural form is "fills".
== Practice ==
Try to form the plural of the following words:


That's it for this lesson on Catalan grammar - plurals! If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below. Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Singular !! Plural
|-
| casa || ||
|-
| ossada || ||
|-
| senzill || ||
|-
| paper || ||
|-
| filla || ||
|-
|}


If you want to learn more about the Catalan language, why not join the Polyglot Club community? [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club] is a great place to meet other language learners and practice your Catalan.  
== Conclusion ==
In conclusion, forming plurals in Catalan is usually a matter of adding -s to the singular form. However, there are some exceptions that you need to know in order to use the language accurately. Remember to always practice, and to use [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] to find native speakers and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/catalan/question questions] you may have about [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=26 learning Catalan]. For more information on Catalan [[:Language/Catalan/Grammar|Grammar]], please visit the corresponding page.


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


 
== Sources ==
==Related Lessons==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language Catalan Language]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Inclusive-Case-in-Catalan|Inclusive Case in Catalan]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_grammar Catalan Grammar]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Catalan|Definite Articles in Catalan]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/How-to-say-"there-is"-in-Catalan|How to say "there is" in Catalan]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Interrogative-Words-in-Catalan|Interrogative Words in Catalan]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Accusative-Case-in-Catalan|Accusative Case in Catalan]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Instrumental-Case-in-Catalan|Instrumental Case in Catalan]]


{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}
{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 22:36, 4 March 2023

01B356FC-D089-467C-8B1C-836911B8D8E7.png
Catalan Grammar - Plurals

Hi Catalan learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Catalan. As you know, plurals are used to refer to more than one person, animal or thing. In Catalan, as well as in other languages, there are different rules for forming plurals depending on the gender and the type of noun.
Let's get started!

Basic Rules

In general, to form the plural of a noun in Catalan, you add -s to the singular form. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
noun singular: amor amors loves
noun singular: gat gats cats
noun singular: llibre llibres books
noun singular: ocell ocells birds

However, there are some exceptions to this rule:

-os and -es endings

Some words that end in -o, -ó or -e in the singular form change to -os or -es in the plural form. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
noun singular: cotó cotons cottons
noun singular: cavall cavalls horses
noun singular: ampolleta ampolletes little bottles
noun singular: marroc marrocs Morocco leather

-ells, -ens, -os endings

Some words that end in -ell, -en, -ó, -eu or -o in the singular form have irregular plurals. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
noun singular: fill fills sons
noun singular: u ulls eyes
noun singular: boc bocs goats

Plurals with no singular form

There are also a few words in Catalan that only exist in the plural form. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
el brics /ˈbriks/ backpacks
els calces /ˈkalkəs/ pants
les ulleres /uˈleɾəs/ glasses
els calçotets /kəɫsuˈtets/ underwear

Note that these words are usually used with the definite article.

Exceptions for Gender

In Catalan, like in many other languages, there are masculine and feminine nouns. The general rule to form the plural of a noun (adding -s) also applies to nouns with a feminine form. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
masc. noun singular: gat gats cats
masc. noun singular: ocell ocells birds
fem. noun singular: font fonts fountains
fem. noun singular: rosa roses roses

So, the rule for forming plurals is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns. However, there are some exceptions in which the ending -a changes to -es:

Catalan Pronunciation English
fem. noun singular: raó raons reasons
fem. noun singular: pell pells skins

Plurals of Compound Words

Compound words are formed by two or more words that have a combined meaning. In Catalan, the plural of a compound word is formed by adding -s to the last word of the compound. For example:

Catalan Pronunciation English
el cel blau els cels blaus blue skies
la taula rodona les taules rodones round tables
el nen soldat els nens soldats child soldiers

Dialogue

  • Person 1: Hola! Quants gats tens? (Hi! How many cats do you have?)
  • Person 2: Tinc tres gats. (I have three cats.)
  • Person 1: Ah, i quantes roses tens al jardí? (Ah, and how many roses do you have in your garden?)
  • Person 2: Tinc deu roses. (I have ten roses.)

Practice

Try to form the plural of the following words:

Catalan Singular Plural
casa
ossada
senzill
paper
filla

Conclusion

In conclusion, forming plurals in Catalan is usually a matter of adding -s to the singular form. However, there are some exceptions that you need to know in order to use the language accurately. Remember to always practice, and to use Polyglot Club to find native speakers and ask them any questions you may have about learning Catalan. For more information on Catalan Grammar, please visit the corresponding page.

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Sources

Template:Catalan-Page-Bottom

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