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<div class="pg_page_title">Czech Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Czech Grammar - Plurals</div>


Learning Czech grammar can be a daunting task, but understanding the basics of plurals is an essential part of mastering the language. Plurals are used to indicate more than one of something, and they are formed differently in Czech than in English. In this lesson, we'll explore the rules for forming plurals in Czech and provide some examples to help you understand how they work.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/czech Czech] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. Unlike English, Czech language has multiple ways to form plurals. Even though the task may seem daunting, we will make it easy for you by providing clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts. Let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Nouns ==
== Introduction ==


Czech nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine. The gender of a noun affects the way it is declined in the plural. Masculine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ové or -i, while feminine nouns add the suffix -ky or -e.  
In Czech grammar, plurals have different forms that depend on the gender, case and ending of the singular nouns. In general, there are two forms of plurals: regular and irregular. Regular plurals follow a specific pattern, while irregular plurals have their own rules. In addition, there are some exceptions in which the plural form of a noun differs from its singular form.
 
== Regular Plurals ==


=== Masculine Nouns ===
=== Masculine Nouns ===


Masculine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ové or -i. For example, the masculine noun "muž" (man) becomes "muži" in the plural. Similarly, the masculine noun "pán" (gentleman) becomes "páni" in the plural.
The majority of masculine nouns form their plural by adding -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| kiss || pusa || kisses
|-
| train || vlak || trains
|-
| river || řeka || rivers
|-
| dog || pes || dogs
|}
 
However, there are some masculine nouns that form their plural by adding -ové at the end of the singular form. This type of plural is usually used to express a group of people, and is often called the "human" plural.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| student || student || students
|-
| teacher || učitel || teachers
|-
| player || hráč || players
|}


=== Feminine Nouns ===
=== Feminine Nouns ===


Feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ky or -e. For example, the feminine noun "žena" (woman) becomes "ženy" in the plural. Similarly, the feminine noun "paní" (lady) becomes "paní" in the plural.  
Most feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -y or -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| hat || klobouk || hats
|-
| handbag || kabelka || handbags
|-
| apple || jablko || apples
|-
| city || město || cities
|}
 
However, there are some feminine nouns that form their plural by adding -e at the end of the singular. This type of plural is used when the singular ends in a soft consonant or vowel.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| house || dům || houses
|-
| book || kniha || books
|-
| street || ulice || streets
|}
 
=== Neuter Nouns ===
 
Most neuter nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -a at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| window || okno || windows
|-
| car || auto || cars
|-
| eye || oko || eyes
|}
 
However, there are some neuter nouns that form their plural by adding -ata at the end of the singular nominative form. This type of plural is used when the singular ends in a hard consonant or vowel.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| egg || vejce || eggs
|-
| child || dítě || children
|-
| word || slovo || words
|}
 
== Irregular Plurals ==
 
Some nouns in Czech have their own way of forming the plural. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Plural !! English
|-
| man || lidé || people
|-
| mouse || myši || mice
|-
| tooth || zuby || teeth
|-
| foot || nohy || feet
|}
 
== Exceptions to the Rule ==
 
Some nouns in Czech have different plurals than expected based on their gender, ending or case. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech Singular !! Czech Plural !! English
|-
| kočka (cat) || kočky || cats
|-
| píseň (song) || písně || songs
|-
| ucho (ear) || uši || ears
|}
 
== Usage ==
 
In Czech, it is important to use the correct plural form of a noun depending on the context and meaning of the sentence. If you are unsure about the correct plural form of a noun, don't hesitate to use online resources or ask a native speaker for help. To improve your Czech Grammar, you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=32 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/czech/question questions]!
 
== Cultural Information ==


== Adjectives ==
In Czech culture, there is a tradition of pluralizing certain words used to address people to show respect. For example, instead of using the singular form "pan" (mister) or "paní" (missus), Czech speakers often use the plural forms "pánové" and "paní" as a sign of politeness.


Adjectives also change in the plural. Masculine adjectives add the suffix -í, while feminine adjectives add the suffix -í or -é. For example, the masculine adjective "velký" (big) becomes "velcí" in the plural, and the feminine adjective "malá" (small) becomes "malé" in the plural.
== Interesting Facts ==


== Examples ==
Did you know that the longest word in Czech is "nejnevěřitelňejsímu" which has 17 letters and means "to the most unbelieving one"?


Here are some examples of nouns and adjectives in the plural:
Another interesting fact is that some Czech words have two plural forms. For example, the word "auto" (car) can have both "auta" and "auti" as its plural form, depending on the context and meaning of the sentence.


* Muži (men)
== Dialogue ==
* Páni (gentlemen)
* Ženy (women)
* Paní (ladies)
* Velcí (big)
* Malé (small)


By understanding the rules for forming plurals in Czech, you can start to build your vocabulary and become more confident in speaking the language. If you want to learn more about Czech grammar, why not join the Polyglot Club community? [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club] is a great place to connect with other language learners and get tips and advice from experienced polyglots.  
* Person 1: Mám tři kočky. (I have three cats.)
* Person 2: To je mnoho koček! (That's a lot of cats!)
* Person 1: Ano, ale miluji kočky. (Yes, but I love cats.)
* Person 2: Já preferuji psy. (I prefer dogs.)


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_declension Czech declension]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_language Czech language]


{{#seo:
|title=Czech Grammar - Plurals
|keywords=Czech grammar, Czech language, plurals, regular plurals, irregular plurals, masculine nouns, feminine nouns, neuter nouns, exceptions, Czech culture, interesting facts
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. We provide clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts.
}}


==Related Lessons==
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Genitive-Case-in-Czech|Genitive Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Present-Continuous-in-Czech|Present Continuous in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Inclusive-Case-in-Czech|Inclusive Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verb-to-be-with-names-and-places|Verb to be with names and places]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Czech|Possessive Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verbs|Verbs]]


{{Czech-Page-Bottom}}
{{Czech-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 22:23, 4 March 2023

Czech-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Czech Grammar - Plurals

Hi Czech learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. Unlike English, Czech language has multiple ways to form plurals. Even though the task may seem daunting, we will make it easy for you by providing clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts. Let's dive in!

Introduction

In Czech grammar, plurals have different forms that depend on the gender, case and ending of the singular nouns. In general, there are two forms of plurals: regular and irregular. Regular plurals follow a specific pattern, while irregular plurals have their own rules. In addition, there are some exceptions in which the plural form of a noun differs from its singular form.

Regular Plurals

Masculine Nouns

The majority of masculine nouns form their plural by adding -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

Czech Pronunciation English
kiss pusa kisses
train vlak trains
river řeka rivers
dog pes dogs

However, there are some masculine nouns that form their plural by adding -ové at the end of the singular form. This type of plural is usually used to express a group of people, and is often called the "human" plural.

Czech Pronunciation English
student student students
teacher učitel teachers
player hráč players

Feminine Nouns

Most feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -y or -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

Czech Pronunciation English
hat klobouk hats
handbag kabelka handbags
apple jablko apples
city město cities

However, there are some feminine nouns that form their plural by adding -e at the end of the singular. This type of plural is used when the singular ends in a soft consonant or vowel.

Czech Pronunciation English
house dům houses
book kniha books
street ulice streets

Neuter Nouns

Most neuter nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -a at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

Czech Pronunciation English
window okno windows
car auto cars
eye oko eyes

However, there are some neuter nouns that form their plural by adding -ata at the end of the singular nominative form. This type of plural is used when the singular ends in a hard consonant or vowel.

Czech Pronunciation English
egg vejce eggs
child dítě children
word slovo words

Irregular Plurals

Some nouns in Czech have their own way of forming the plural. Here are some examples:

Czech Plural English
man lidé people
mouse myši mice
tooth zuby teeth
foot nohy feet

Exceptions to the Rule

Some nouns in Czech have different plurals than expected based on their gender, ending or case. Here are some examples:

Czech Singular Czech Plural English
kočka (cat) kočky cats
píseň (song) písně songs
ucho (ear) uši ears

Usage

In Czech, it is important to use the correct plural form of a noun depending on the context and meaning of the sentence. If you are unsure about the correct plural form of a noun, don't hesitate to use online resources or ask a native speaker for help. To improve your Czech Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Cultural Information

In Czech culture, there is a tradition of pluralizing certain words used to address people to show respect. For example, instead of using the singular form "pan" (mister) or "paní" (missus), Czech speakers often use the plural forms "pánové" and "paní" as a sign of politeness.

Interesting Facts

Did you know that the longest word in Czech is "nejnevěřitelňejsímu" which has 17 letters and means "to the most unbelieving one"?

Another interesting fact is that some Czech words have two plural forms. For example, the word "auto" (car) can have both "auta" and "auti" as its plural form, depending on the context and meaning of the sentence.

Dialogue

  • Person 1: Mám tři kočky. (I have three cats.)
  • Person 2: To je mnoho koček! (That's a lot of cats!)
  • Person 1: Ano, ale miluji kočky. (Yes, but I love cats.)
  • Person 2: Já preferuji psy. (I prefer dogs.)

Sources

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


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