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<div class="pg_page_title">Tigrinya Grammar - How to Use "Be"</div> | <div class="pg_page_title">Tigrinya Grammar - How to Use "Be"</div> | ||
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tigrinya Tigrinya] learners! π<br>In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "to be" in Tigrinya. This is an important verb in any language, as it allows us to describe things, people, and situations. We will also look at some cultural information and interesting facts about Tigrinya language and its people. | |||
== | __TOC__ | ||
Β | |||
==Introduction== | |||
"To be" is a very important verb in English, and it is no less important in [[Language/Tigrinya|Tigrinya]]. It is used to describe the state of things, people, and situations, as well as to make statements and ask questions. Therefore, it is essential to master this verb to improve your Tigrinya [[Language/Tigrinya/Grammar|Grammar]]. In this lesson, we will look at how to use "be" in different contexts, and we will provide you with some examples and exercises to practice. | |||
Β | |||
If you want to improve your Tigrinya, you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=130 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tigrinya/question questions]! | |||
Β | |||
==Basic Forms of "Be"== | |||
In Tigrinya, "to be" can be expressed with two different verbs: "nbra" and "qomna". The first one is used to describe an inherent quality or a permanent state, e.g., "I am tall" or "He is smart". The second verb is used to describe a temporary state, an action in progress, or a present state, e.g., "I am eating" or "She is sleeping". | |||
Β | |||
Therefore, it is essential to understand the differences between these two verbs before using them in sentences. | |||
Β | |||
The present tense of "nbra" has three different forms, depending on the gender of the subject: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Tigrinya !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| αα₯α« αα°ααα’ || nΙb-ra me-de-mar || I am happy. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα₯α« ααα
α΅αα΅ α£ααα½ ααα’ || nΙb-ra mΙnkusna:sa ang'a:s ne:w || Mathematics is difficult. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα₯α« α΅αααα¦α ααα₯α«α΅ α°α ααα©αα’ || nΙb-ra sΙ¨lzΙ¨nbΙr nΙk'Ιbrat tΙt'ak'Ιmuk'um || I am from Asmara, the capital city of Eritrea. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα₯α« αα°αα² αα½αα’ || nΙb-ra zΙserti me:tshe || You are brave. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα₯α« αα’αΆ α αα΅ αα°ααααα’ || nΙb-ra ri:to:t tΙwat yisananlana || He is a doctor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα₯α« ααα΅ α£α₯ ααα αα°αα’ || nΙb-ra hamus ab k'Ι¨yh adΜ Ι¨y || It's Thursday today. | ||
|} | |} | ||
Here are some examples of the present tense of "qomna": | |||
Β | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Tigrinya !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| α£α³α΅α α αα²α αα αα αα α°αα α¨α’ || Κasa:sΙbΙn gΙdif komo komo komo tΙnΙbbe:r || We are laughing hard. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | ααα΅ α¨α αα α αα«αα΅ α αα΅α αα || hamus k'm zΙbΙn hayΙlat tΙwat'n komo || On Thursdays, I usually wake up early. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | α΅ααͺ α αα αα’ α΅αα’α³α΅ α°ααα αα₯α£α΅ || dΙhri bezhΙ li:b ti'be:tat tenawom kot'ibbat || The students are writing beautiful essays. | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ==Negation== | ||
To negate the verb "to be", we use the word "aΙΙn" or "aΙin". The former is used for the present tense, and the latter for the past tense. For example: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Tigrinya !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| αα² α£α₯ α΅αα΅α ααα αα΅α α£α₯ α€αα΅α« α₯αα³ αααα± α
αα’ ααα α£αα°αα½α₯α || Κadi ab tΙhtΙna nΙway nΙdΜ mΙm ab Ιritra ΚΙndΜ a zΙw'ΙgΚ·adu hΙzbi hagΙr aytewwucΜΙn || I am not a member of the opposition parties in Eritrea. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | α£α¨ααα α αα°ααααα’ || a:yΙrΙlna amΙsgΚ·ΙnalΙhu || I am not interested. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | α£α₯ α΅αα² α°α΅α²α’ αα α² α£αααΎ αα α£αα αα α²α£ α₯ααα² α£αααα±α || ab tΙhti tΙs'di'i gibti Κamlk'o zena 'afΙna nay de'a t'inkΜ si aytewwagΙdun || In the past, we did not have the opportunity to access information easily. | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ==Interrogation== | ||
To ask questions with "to be", we simply invert the order of the subject and the verb. For instance: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Tigrinya !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| α£α α ααα αα΅α¨α΅ α£αα? || abΙy zΙlu mdΜ rΙt ΚalΙna? || Are they at school? | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | αα α£α₯ αα½α’ α΅α αααα΅ α£αα? || man ab waxΙs'sΙr Ιy:net ΚalΙn? || Is there diversity in the workplace? | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | ==Dialogue== | ||
* Person 1: | Β | ||
* Person 2: | * Person 1: ααα α£α₯ αααα΅ αΈαα’ αα’ α£αααΎα’ (waela ab hama'mat ts'la'i 'abi amlk'o) (I'm tired of studying right now.) | ||
* Person 1: | * Person 2: α’αΉ αα₯α¨α΅ αααα΅ α₯α© α°α»αα’ (ik'u nΙbre:t zΙwenes Κayu tΙs'a:f'i) (Yeah, taking a break can help.) | ||
* Person 2: | * Person 1: α£αα°αΈααααΉα α₯αα³α αα°αα₯α«α’ (ΚaytΙts'nha'ak'um ΚΙntay yisa:h'bak'a.) (I don't feel like it now.) | ||
* Person 2: ααα¨ α΅αααα₯ααα αα α₯α² α΅αα
αα² αααα΅α΅ αα° αα? (maΚΙra sΙlzΙ¨nberway gi:z Ιti tmΙhreti mah'ndΜ i:s wΙdΙ lomi?) (What about taking a walk outside in the afternoon?) | |||
* Person 1: αα αΈαα΅ α£α«αα΅ αα ααα ααα α₯αα³α α’α©α’ (Ιyi:k'idz ak'lat zΙbahalana waela ΚΙntay 'iyu.) (That sounds like a good idea.) | |||
* Person 2: α₯αα³α α¨α αααα± α₯α©α’ (ΚΙntay k'm yiwwagΚ·Ιdu 'ayu.) (Let's go then.) | |||
Β | |||
==Exercises== | |||
Β | |||
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "nbra": | |||
a) α₯α α³αͺα½ ααα’... ("This book is interesting.") | |||
Β | |||
b) αα α¬α³ α¨αα°ααα... ("The students are happy.") | |||
Β | |||
c) ααα«α₯ αα
αα... ("The moon is beautiful.") | |||
Β | |||
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "qomna": | |||
a) α£α¦ αααα΅α¦α... ("We are together now.") | |||
Β | |||
b) α αα αα α£α₯ ααα αα³... ("Who is at the airport now?") | |||
Β | |||
c) αααα« α¨α αααα΅... ("Taking a shower is refreshing.") | |||
Β | |||
==Conclusion== | |||
In this lesson, we learned how to use the verb "to be" in Tigrinya, distinguishing between the two verbs "nbra" and "qomna". We also looked at how to negate and interrogate these verbs, and we provided you with some examples and exercises to practice. Remember, Tigrinya is not just a language, it is a culture and a way of life. Therefore, understanding the language is also about understanding the people who speak it. If you want to learn more about Tigrinya, you can find more information on the [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tigrinya Tigrinya page]. | |||
In this lesson, we | |||
<hr>β‘ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>β‘ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. π | <hr>β‘ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>β‘ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. π | ||
{{#seo: | {{#seo: | ||
|title=Tigrinya Grammar - How to Use "Be" | |title=Tigrinya Grammar - How to Use "Be" | ||
|keywords=Tigrinya | |keywords=Tigrinya, be, Tigrinya grammar, nbra, qomna | ||
|description=In this lesson, we will learn how to use | |description=In this lesson, we will learn how to use "be" in Tigrinya using cultural information and interesting facts. We will also include exercises and a dialogue with pronunciation and translation in English. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Tigrinya-Page-Bottom}} | {{Tigrinya-Page-Bottom}} | ||
Revision as of 01:10, 3 March 2023
Tigrinya Grammar - How to Use "Be"
Hi Tigrinya learners! π
In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "to be" in Tigrinya. This is an important verb in any language, as it allows us to describe things, people, and situations. We will also look at some cultural information and interesting facts about Tigrinya language and its people.
Introduction
"To be" is a very important verb in English, and it is no less important in Tigrinya. It is used to describe the state of things, people, and situations, as well as to make statements and ask questions. Therefore, it is essential to master this verb to improve your Tigrinya Grammar. In this lesson, we will look at how to use "be" in different contexts, and we will provide you with some examples and exercises to practice.
If you want to improve your Tigrinya, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!
Basic Forms of "Be"
In Tigrinya, "to be" can be expressed with two different verbs: "nbra" and "qomna". The first one is used to describe an inherent quality or a permanent state, e.g., "I am tall" or "He is smart". The second verb is used to describe a temporary state, an action in progress, or a present state, e.g., "I am eating" or "She is sleeping".
Therefore, it is essential to understand the differences between these two verbs before using them in sentences.
The present tense of "nbra" has three different forms, depending on the gender of the subject:
| Tigrinya | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| αα₯α« αα°ααα’ | nΙb-ra me-de-mar | I am happy. |
| αα₯α« ααα α΅αα΅ α£ααα½ ααα’ | nΙb-ra mΙnkusna:sa ang'a:s ne:w | Mathematics is difficult. |
| αα₯α« α΅αααα¦α ααα₯α«α΅ α°α ααα©αα’ | nΙb-ra sΙ¨lzΙ¨nbΙr nΙk'Ιbrat tΙt'ak'Ιmuk'um | I am from Asmara, the capital city of Eritrea. |
| αα₯α« αα°αα² αα½αα’ | nΙb-ra zΙserti me:tshe | You are brave. |
| αα₯α« αα’αΆ α αα΅ αα°ααααα’ | nΙb-ra ri:to:t tΙwat yisananlana | He is a doctor |
| αα₯α« ααα΅ α£α₯ ααα αα°αα’ | nΙb-ra hamus ab k'Ι¨yh adΜ Ι¨y | It's Thursday today. |
Here are some examples of the present tense of "qomna":
| Tigrinya | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| α£α³α΅α α αα²α αα αα αα α°αα α¨α’ | Κasa:sΙbΙn gΙdif komo komo komo tΙnΙbbe:r | We are laughing hard. |
| ααα΅ α¨α αα α αα«αα΅ α αα΅α αα | hamus k'm zΙbΙn hayΙlat tΙwat'n komo | On Thursdays, I usually wake up early. |
| α΅ααͺ α αα αα’ α΅αα’α³α΅ α°ααα αα₯α£α΅ | dΙhri bezhΙ li:b ti'be:tat tenawom kot'ibbat | The students are writing beautiful essays. |
Negation
To negate the verb "to be", we use the word "aΙΙn" or "aΙin". The former is used for the present tense, and the latter for the past tense. For example:
| Tigrinya | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| αα² α£α₯ α΅αα΅α ααα αα΅α α£α₯ α€αα΅α« α₯αα³ αααα± α αα’ ααα α£αα°αα½α₯α | Κadi ab tΙhtΙna nΙway nΙdΜ mΙm ab Ιritra ΚΙndΜ a zΙw'ΙgΚ·adu hΙzbi hagΙr aytewwucΜΙn | I am not a member of the opposition parties in Eritrea. |
| α£α¨ααα α αα°ααααα’ | a:yΙrΙlna amΙsgΚ·ΙnalΙhu | I am not interested. |
| α£α₯ α΅αα² α°α΅α²α’ αα α² α£αααΎ αα α£αα αα α²α£ α₯ααα² α£αααα±α | ab tΙhti tΙs'di'i gibti Κamlk'o zena 'afΙna nay de'a t'inkΜ si aytewwagΙdun | In the past, we did not have the opportunity to access information easily. |
Interrogation
To ask questions with "to be", we simply invert the order of the subject and the verb. For instance:
| Tigrinya | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| α£α α ααα αα΅α¨α΅ α£αα? | abΙy zΙlu mdΜ rΙt ΚalΙna? | Are they at school? |
| αα α£α₯ αα½α’ α΅α αααα΅ α£αα? | man ab waxΙs'sΙr Ιy:net ΚalΙn? | Is there diversity in the workplace? |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ααα α£α₯ αααα΅ αΈαα’ αα’ α£αααΎα’ (waela ab hama'mat ts'la'i 'abi amlk'o) (I'm tired of studying right now.)
- Person 2: α’αΉ αα₯α¨α΅ αααα΅ α₯α© α°α»αα’ (ik'u nΙbre:t zΙwenes Κayu tΙs'a:f'i) (Yeah, taking a break can help.)
- Person 1: α£αα°αΈααααΉα α₯αα³α αα°αα₯α«α’ (ΚaytΙts'nha'ak'um ΚΙntay yisa:h'bak'a.) (I don't feel like it now.)
- Person 2: ααα¨ α΅αααα₯ααα αα α₯α² α΅αα αα² αααα΅α΅ αα° αα? (maΚΙra sΙlzΙ¨nberway gi:z Ιti tmΙhreti mah'ndΜ i:s wΙdΙ lomi?) (What about taking a walk outside in the afternoon?)
- Person 1: αα αΈαα΅ α£α«αα΅ αα ααα ααα α₯αα³α α’α©α’ (Ιyi:k'idz ak'lat zΙbahalana waela ΚΙntay 'iyu.) (That sounds like a good idea.)
- Person 2: α₯αα³α α¨α αααα± α₯α©α’ (ΚΙntay k'm yiwwagΚ·Ιdu 'ayu.) (Let's go then.)
Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "nbra": a) α₯α α³αͺα½ ααα’... ("This book is interesting.")
b) αα α¬α³ α¨αα°ααα... ("The students are happy.")
c) ααα«α₯ αα αα... ("The moon is beautiful.")
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "qomna": a) α£α¦ αααα΅α¦α... ("We are together now.")
b) α αα αα α£α₯ ααα αα³... ("Who is at the airport now?")
c) αααα« α¨α αααα΅... ("Taking a shower is refreshing.")
Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned how to use the verb "to be" in Tigrinya, distinguishing between the two verbs "nbra" and "qomna". We also looked at how to negate and interrogate these verbs, and we provided you with some examples and exercises to practice. Remember, Tigrinya is not just a language, it is a culture and a way of life. Therefore, understanding the language is also about understanding the people who speak it. If you want to learn more about Tigrinya, you can find more information on the Tigrinya page.
β‘ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
β‘ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. π