Language/Gujarati/Grammar/Adjectives

Gujarati Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Gujarati learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Gujarati grammar. Adjectives are an essential part of any language, and their correct usage can improve the quality of your language usage. By the end of the lesson, you will understand how to use adjectives properly and add more depth and detail to your speaking and writing.

What are Adjectives in Gujarati?

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. They provide additional information about the noun or pronoun they are describing, such as its size, color, shape, or origin. In Gujarati, adjectives follow the noun they describe, unlike in English, where they come before the noun. For example:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
સુંદર લડકો	sundar ladko	handsome boy
વિશાળ વૃક્ષ	vishal vrksh	big tree
ચોખાં લાલ ગુલાબ	chokha lal gulaab	fresh red rose

In these examples, the adjectives "sundar," "vishal," and "lal" follow the nouns "ladko," "vrksh," and "gulaab," respectively.

Types of Adjectives

There are several types of adjectives in Gujarati. Some of the most common types include:

Descriptive Adjectives

Descriptive adjectives describe or modify the characteristics of a noun or pronoun. These are perhaps the most common type of adjective we use in everyday language. Examples of descriptive adjectives include:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
સોનું રંગ	sonun rang	golden color
કાળું કુતરો	kaalu kutro	black dog

In these examples, the adjectives "sonu" and "kaalu" describe the color of an object, and "kutro" describes the noun "dog."

Quantitative Adjectives

Quantitative adjectives provide information about the quantity or number of a noun. Examples of quantitative adjectives include:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
ચાર કિલો ચીની	chaar kilo cheeni	four kilograms of sugar
અઢેરા હજાર રૂપિયાનું રકમ	adhera hazaar rupiyanu rukam	fifteen thousand rupees

In these examples, the adjectives "chaar kilo" and "adhera hazaar" provide quantitative information about the nouns "cheeni" and "rupiyanu."

Demonstrative Adjectives

Demonstrative adjectives point to or indicate specific nouns or pronouns. They include the words "this," "that," "these," and "those" in English. In Gujarati, demonstrative adjectives include:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
આ કુતરો	aa kutro	this dog
તે પકવાન	te pakvaan	that dish

In these examples, "aa" and "te" are demonstrative adjectives that indicate the specific nouns "kutro" and "pakvaan."

Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjectives indicate ownership and describe the possession of a noun or pronoun. In English, they include words like "my," "your," "his," "her," "our," and "their." In Gujarati, possessive adjectives include:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
મારો બાળક	maro baalak	my child
તમારો ઘર	tamaro ghar	your house

In these examples, "maro" and "tamaro" are possessive adjectives that describe the possession of the nouns "baalak" and "ghar."

Interrogative Adjectives

Interrogative adjectives are used in questions to ask about the characteristics or qualities of a noun. In English, they include words like "which," "what," and "whose." In Gujarati, interrogative adjectives include:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
કયો ફલ છે?	kayo fal che?	Which fruit is it?
કેટલો કાળરું બિલાડો છે?	ketlo kaalarun bilado che?	What is the color of the black cat?

In these examples, "kayo" and "ketlo" are interrogative adjectives that ask about the qualities of the nouns "fal" and "bilado."

Agreement of Adjectives with Nouns

In Gujarati, adjectives must agree with the noun they are describing in gender, number, and case. For example:

Gujarati	Pronunciation	English
ચાર સુંદરા લડકા	chaar sundara ladka	four handsome boys
ચાર સુંદરી લડકીઓ	chaar sundari ladkio	four beautiful girls

In these examples, the adjectives "sundara" and "sundari" agree with the noun "ladka" and "ladi," respectively, in gender and number. The same applies to adjectives used in different cases.

Practice Dialogue

Person 1: કેટલો પકવાન બનાવ્યો છો? (Ketlo pakvaan banavyo cho? - What dish are you making?) Person 2: મારી માતાજી પાક બનાવી રહી છે. તે સુંદર વાગી રહી છે. (Mari mataji pak banavi rahi che. Te sundar vagi rahi che. - My mother is making food. It smells great.)

Conclusion

That's it for this lesson on adjectives in Gujarati. Now that you understand the different types of adjectives and how to use them in agreement with their nouns, practice using them in your spoken and written language. To improve your Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

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