Difference between revisions of "Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Imperative-Mood-in-Greek"

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<div class="pg_page_title">The imperative Mood in Greek -  Υποτακτική</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">The imperative Mood in Greek -  Υποτακτική</div>
[[File:1-3.png|thumb]]
[[File:1-3.png|thumb]]
This mood is used to give orders or instructions by asking, demanding or requiring people to do things.  
This mood is used to give orders or instructions by asking, demanding or requiring people to do things. For negative expressions the subjunctive is used because the imperative cannot be negated. The imperative is restricted to non-past forms in the 2nd person singular and plural. In addition to that the imperative of the passive voice is restricted to only the perfective aspect, via the aorist aspect.
 
For negative expressions the subjunctive is used because the imperative cannot be negated.  
 
The imperative is restricted to non-past forms in the 2nd person singular and plural. In addition to that the imperative of the passive voice is restricted to only the perfective aspect, via the aorist aspect.


Here are examples on how to use the imperative in Modern Greek:
Here are examples on how to use the imperative in Modern Greek:
Line 42: Line 38:
|-
|-
|(Να) μην του  το δώσεις!
|(Να) μην του  το δώσεις!
|Don't give it to him!
|Don't give it to him!
|}
|}
To edit : what does the following table mean?
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!'''Grec'''
|'''Greek'''
!'''Français'''
|'''English'''
!'''English'''
|'''Conjugation'''
!'''conjugaison'''
|-
|-
|βλέπω
|βλέπω
|voir
|see
|see
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|έχω
|έχω
|avoir
|have
|have
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|θέλω
|θέλω
|vouloir
|want to
|want to
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|δουλεύω
|δουλεύω
|travailler
|work
|work
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|φεύγω
|φεύγω
|partir
|go
|go
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|δίνω
|δίνω
|donner
|give
|to give
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|αγοράζω
|αγοράζω
|acheter
|buy
|to buy
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|κοιτάζω
|κοιτάζω
|regarder
|look at
|look at
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|ψάχνω
|ψάχνω
|chercher
|look for
|to look for
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|γράφω
|γράφω
|écrire
|write
|to write
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|αφήνω
|αφήνω
|laisser
|leave
|leave
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|χαζεύω
|χαζεύω
|flâner, rêvasser
|stroll, daydream
|stroll, daydream
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|περιμένω
|περιμένω
|attendre
|wait for
|wait for
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|στέλνω
|στέλνω
|envoyer
|send
|send
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|πεινώ
|πεινώ
|avoir faim
|be hungry
|to be hungry
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|ζω
|ζω
|vivre
|live
|to live
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|διψώ
|διψώ
|avoir soif
|be thirsty
|be thirsty
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|-
|-
|ρωτώ
|ρωτώ
|interroger
|ask
|interroger
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|απαντώ
|απαντώ
|répondre
|respond
|to respond
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|περνώ
|περνώ
|passer
|pass
|pass
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|-
|-
|αργώ
|αργώ
|tarder
|delay
|delay
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|-
|-
|τηλεφωνώ
|τηλεφωνώ
|téléphoner
|call
|call
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|-
|-
|μπορώ
|μπορώ
|pouvoir
|be able to
| be able to
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|-
|παρακαλώ
|prier
|please 
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|φέρνω
|φέρνω
|apporter
|I bring
|I bring
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|ξέρω
|ξέρω
|connaître
|to know
|to know
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|μιλώ
|μιλώ
|parler
|speak
|speak
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|-
|-
|ζητώ
|ζητώ
|demander
|request
|request
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|-
|-
|διαβάζω
|διαβάζω
|lire
|read
|read
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|καλώ
|καλώ
|inviter
|invite
|invite
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|-
|-
|χρωστώ
|χρωστώ
|devoir
|owe
|owe
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|-
|-
|προσφέρω
|προσφέρω
|offrir
|to offer
|to offer
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 2<sup>ème</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 2nd gr.
|-
|-
|εξηγώ
|εξηγώ
|expliquer
|explain
|explain
|à préciser
|specify
|-
|-
|αρέσω
|αρέσω
|plaire
|be liked
|be liked
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|πουλώ
|πουλώ
|vendre
|sell
|sell
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|-
|-
|δείχνω
|δείχνω
|montrer
|show
|to show
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|λείπω
|λείπω
|manquer
|be absent
|be absent
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|γνωρίζω
|γνωρίζω
|connaître
|know
|to know
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|ζηλεύω
|ζηλεύω
|être jaloux de
|be jealous of
|be jealous of
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|1st conj.
|-
|-
|πιστεύω
|πιστεύω
|croire
|believe
|to believe
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|βοηθώ
|βοηθώ
|aider
|help
|to help
|2nd conj. 1st gr.
|2<sup>ème</sup> conj. 1<sup>er</sup> gr.
|-
|-
|φωνάζω
|φωνάζω
|appeler
|call
|to call
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|-
|-
|συνoδεύω
|συνoδεύω
|accompagner
|accompany
|to accompany
|1st conj.
|1<sup>ère</sup> conj.
|}
|}


Revision as of 23:50, 10 December 2022

The imperative Mood in Greek - Υποτακτική
1-3.png

This mood is used to give orders or instructions by asking, demanding or requiring people to do things. For negative expressions the subjunctive is used because the imperative cannot be negated. The imperative is restricted to non-past forms in the 2nd person singular and plural. In addition to that the imperative of the passive voice is restricted to only the perfective aspect, via the aorist aspect.

Here are examples on how to use the imperative in Modern Greek:

Some examples

Ελληνικά English
Βγες έξω! Go away!
Ανοίξτε τα βιβλία σας! Open your books!
Μάζεψε τα παιχνίδια σου! Pick up your toys!
Χάρισέ του το! ή Χάρισέ το του! Give it to him! (both allowed)
Φώναξέ τες! Call them (feminine)!
Στείλε της ένα γράμμα! Send her a letter!
Κλείσ’το! Close it!
Διαβάστε το! Read it! (you/polite)
(Να) μη φορέσεις αυτό το παντελόνι! Don't wear that trousers!
(Να) μην του το δώσεις! Don't give it to him!

To edit : what does the following table mean?

Greek English Conjugation
βλέπω see 1st conj.
έχω have 1st conj.
θέλω want to 1st conj.
δουλεύω work 1st conj.
φεύγω go 1st conj.
δίνω give 1st conj.
αγοράζω buy 1st conj.
κοιτάζω look at 1st conj.
ψάχνω look for 1st conj.
γράφω write 1st conj.
αφήνω leave 1st conj.
χαζεύω stroll, daydream 1st conj.
περιμένω wait for 1st conj.
στέλνω send 1st conj.
πεινώ be hungry 2nd conj. 1st gr.
ζω live 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
διψώ be thirsty 2nd conj. 1st gr.
ρωτώ ask 2nd conj. 1st gr.
απαντώ respond 2nd conj. 1st gr.
περνώ pass 2nd conj. 1st gr.
αργώ delay 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
τηλεφωνώ call 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
μπορώ be able to 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
φέρνω I bring 1st conj.
ξέρω to know 1st conj.
μιλώ speak 2nd conj. 1st gr.
ζητώ request 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
διαβάζω read 1st conj.
καλώ invite 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
χρωστώ owe 2nd conj. 1st gr.
προσφέρω to offer 2nd conj. 2nd gr.
εξηγώ explain specify
αρέσω be liked 1st conj.
πουλώ sell 2nd conj. 1st gr.
δείχνω show 1st conj.
λείπω be absent 1st conj.
γνωρίζω know 1st conj.
ζηλεύω be jealous of 1st conj.
πιστεύω believe 1st conj.
βοηθώ help 2nd conj. 1st gr.
φωνάζω call 1st conj.
συνoδεύω accompany 1st conj.



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