Difference between revisions of "Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Active-and-passive-verbs"

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<div class="pg_page_title">How to Form Active and Passive Verbs in Greek</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Active and Passive Verbs in Modern Greek</div>
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The Greek verb has two voices: the active and the passive, and it is formed in the first person of the present singular, in both voices. The active voice, when the subject makes the action expressed by the verb and the passive voice, when the subject undergoes the action. The average voice, when the subject is directly interested in the action, exists only in the old grammar. Nevertheless, it is replaced by the passive voice. It should be understood that not all verbs always come in two forms: active or passive: There are verbs possessing both voices or others that have one voice: active without passive and vice versa.
==Voice - Φωνή==
Verbs usually have two voices, the active voice and the passive voice. We see it in the suffix of the verb and some verbs have only one voice.  


==Ενεργητική φωνή - The Active Voice==
In Greek, when a verb ends in -ω or -ώ in the first person singular, it is the active voice.
Verbs can end in <code>-ω</code> or <code>-ώ</code> (omega accented)


A verb is in the active voice if its subject is active, that is to say if it does the action.
When the verb ends in -αι, it is the passive voice.  


* Eg. : παίζω, αγαπάω, μπορώ κλπ. Στα ρήματα της ενεργητικής φωνής, όταν ακούμε τον ήχο "ε" γράφουμε ΠΑΝΤΑ "-ε" (έψιλον).
The active voice (energiti'ki) shows that the subject performs an action while the passive voice (pathiti'ki) denotes that the subject is affected by the action.  


The passive voice is also used to show that someone is performing an action towards themselves or that an action is being performed mutually or collectively between two or more people.


In the verbs of the active voice, when we hear the sound "ε", we ALWAYS write "- ε" (epsilon).
==Example (παράδειγμα)==
 
===Ενεργητική φωνή (active voice)===
* Π.χ. φύγε (va)
* Ψήνω μπισκότα (I bake cookies)
* ελάτε (come)
===Παθητική φωνή (passive voice)===
* παίζατε (you were playing)
* Τα μπισκότα ψήνονται (Cookies are baked)
* θα διαβάσουμε (we'll read)
 
==Παθητική φωνή - The Passive Voice==
Passive voice verbs, in the present, usually end with <code>-μαι</code>.
 
They can end: In <code>-ομαι</code>, <code>-ιέμαι</code>, <code>-άμαι</code> and more rarely in <code>-ούμαι</code> or <code>-ώμαι</code>.
 
For example:
* σκέφτομαι (to think),
* κρατιέμαι (to hold oneself),
* περιποιούμαι (to heal),
* εγγυώμαι (to guarantee oneself).
 
The verb: κοιμάμαι (to sleep) has the average form, which no longer exists grammatically. We say then that the verb "κοιμάμαι" is in the passive form.

Revision as of 21:59, 3 June 2022

Active and Passive Verbs in Modern Greek
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Voice - Φωνή

Verbs usually have two voices, the active voice and the passive voice. We see it in the suffix of the verb and some verbs have only one voice.

In Greek, when a verb ends in -ω or -ώ in the first person singular, it is the active voice.

When the verb ends in -αι, it is the passive voice.

The active voice (energiti'ki) shows that the subject performs an action while the passive voice (pathiti'ki) denotes that the subject is affected by the action.

The passive voice is also used to show that someone is performing an action towards themselves or that an action is being performed mutually or collectively between two or more people.

Example (παράδειγμα)

Ενεργητική φωνή (active voice)

  • Ψήνω μπισκότα (I bake cookies)

Παθητική φωνή (passive voice)

  • Τα μπισκότα ψήνονται (Cookies are baked)
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