Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Calendars-and-Clocks"

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* The start of a year is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* The start of a year is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* Days for months are 31, 28 or 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added or subtracted by multiples of 1 hour, and in some cases further adding or subtracting 0.5 or 0.25 hours.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added or subtracted by multiples of 1 hour, and in some cases further adding or subtracting 1/2 or 1/4 hours.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* (There are about 1 leap in 4 years.)
* (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
|-
|-
| Burmese calendar
| Burmese calendar
|
|
* The start of a day is the midnight or at sunrise.
* The start of a day is the midnight or at sunrise.
*
|-
|-
| Chinese agricultural calendar
| Chinese agricultural calendar
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* The epoch is the year of presumed enthronement of Yellow Thearch.
* The epoch is the year of presumed enthronement of Yellow Thearch.
* The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
* The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
* There are 12 or 13 months in a year.
* There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
* The first month is the month with winter solstice.
* The first month is the month with winter solstice.
* There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
* There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
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| Hebrew calendar
| Hebrew calendar
|
|
* The epoch is the creation of world in Genesis.
* The epoch is the creation of the world in Genesis.
* The start of the year one is the presumed day of creation of world in Genesis.
* The start of the year one is the presumed day of creation of the world in Genesis.
* There are 12 or 13 months in a year.
* There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
* The start of a day is at sunset.
* The start of a day is at sunset.
* There are 13 months for year 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19 in a 19-year cycle.
* There are 13 months for year 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19 in a 19-year cycle.
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* The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* Days for months are 31, 28 or 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 9 hours.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 9 hours.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* (There are about 1 leap in 4 years.)
* (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
|-
|-
| Korean agricultural calendar
| Korean agricultural calendar
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* The epoch is the year of the foundation of Gojoseon.
* The epoch is the year of the foundation of Gojoseon.
* The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
* The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
* There are 12 or 13 months in a year.
* There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
* The first month is the month with winter solstice.
* The first month is the month with winter solstice.
* There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
* There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
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* The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* Days for months are 31, 28 or 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 8 hours.
* The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 8 hours.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
* (There are about 1 leap in 4 years.)
* (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
|-
|-
| scheduled lunar Hijri calendar
| scheduled lunar Hijri calendar
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* The epoch is the year of Hijrah.
* The epoch is the year of Hijrah.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 30 days in months of an odd number, 29 days in months of an even number, 29 or 30 days for the last month.
* There are 30 days in months of an odd number, 29 days in months of an even number, 29 (without leap) days for the last month.
* There are 30 days in the last month, if the number of the year in a 30-year cycle multiplied by 11/30 minus the number of past leaps in the 30-year cycle is higher than 1/2. (Years with a leap in the 30-year cycle are 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29.)
* There are 30 days in the last month, if the number of the year in a 30-year cycle multiplied by 11/30 minus the number of past leaps in the 30-year cycle is higher than 1/2. (Years with a leap in the 30-year cycle are 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29.)
* The start of a day is at sunset.
* The start of a day is at sunset.
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* The start of a year is the vernal equinox.
* The start of a year is the vernal equinox.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 12 months in a year.
* There are 31 days in the first 6 months, 30 days in the next 5 months, 29 or 30 days in the last month.
* There are 31 days in the first 6 months, 30 days in the next 5 months, 29 (without leap) days in the last month.
* The start of a day is at sunset.
* The start of a day is at sunset.
* (There are about 8 leaps in 33 years.)
* (There are about 8 leaps in 33 years.)

Revision as of 21:40, 30 May 2022

This is a list of calendar and timekeeping around the world.

Calendar

name description
Gregorian calendar
  • The epoch is the year of presumed birth of Jesus of Nazareth.
  • The start of a year is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
  • The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added or subtracted by multiples of 1 hour, and in some cases further adding or subtracting 1/2 or 1/4 hours.
  • There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
  • (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
Burmese calendar
  • The start of a day is the midnight or at sunrise.
Chinese agricultural calendar
  • The epoch is the year of presumed enthronement of Yellow Thearch.
  • The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
  • There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
  • The first month is the month with winter solstice.
  • There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
  • The first day of a month is the day with new moon.
  • The start of a day is the midnight.
  • The leap month is placed after the first month without a solar term of an even number.
  • (There are about 7 leaps in 19 years.)
Hebrew calendar
  • The epoch is the creation of the world in Genesis.
  • The start of the year one is the presumed day of creation of the world in Genesis.
  • There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
  • The start of a day is at sunset.
  • There are 13 months for year 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19 in a 19-year cycle.
  • The leap month is placed at the end of the year.
  • (There are about 7 leaps in 19 years.)
Japanese calendar
  • The epoch is the year of the reign of the current Emperor.
  • The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
  • The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 9 hours.
  • There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
  • (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
Korean agricultural calendar
  • The epoch is the year of the foundation of Gojoseon.
  • The start of a year is possibly the presumed day of enthronement of Thearch Shun.
  • There are 12 (without leap) months in a year.
  • The first month is the month with winter solstice.
  • There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
  • The first day of a month is the day with new moon.
  • The start of a day is the midnight.
  • The leap month is placed after the first month without a solar term of an even number.
  • (There are about 7 leaps in 19 years.)
lunar Hijri calendar
  • The epoch is the year of Hijrah.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • There are 29 or 30 days in a month, determined by the moon phase.
  • The first day of a month is the day with the first sight of the crescent.
  • The start of a day is at sunset.
Republic of China calendar
  • The epoch is the year of presumed foundation of the Republic of China.
  • The start of the year one is the presumed day of circumcision of Jesus of Nazareth.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • Days for months are 31, 28 (without leap), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31.
  • The start of a day is the midnight in Greenwich added by 8 hours.
  • There is 1 leap day every 4 years added to the second month, except when the year is divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400.
  • (There are about 1 leaps in 4 years.)
scheduled lunar Hijri calendar
  • The epoch is the year of Hijrah.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • There are 30 days in months of an odd number, 29 days in months of an even number, 29 (without leap) days for the last month.
  • There are 30 days in the last month, if the number of the year in a 30-year cycle multiplied by 11/30 minus the number of past leaps in the 30-year cycle is higher than 1/2. (Years with a leap in the 30-year cycle are 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29.)
  • The start of a day is at sunset.
  • (There are 11 leaps in 30 years.)
solar Hijri calendar
  • The epoch is the year of Hijrah.
  • The start of a year is the vernal equinox.
  • There are 12 months in a year.
  • There are 31 days in the first 6 months, 30 days in the next 5 months, 29 (without leap) days in the last month.
  • The start of a day is at sunset.
  • (There are about 8 leaps in 33 years.)

Further reading: Is There a Perfect Calendar?

Timekeeping

name description
European timekeeping
  • A day is divided by 12 units ‘hour’ (in English) evenly.
  • An hour is divided by 60 units ‘minute’ (in English) evenly.
  • A minute is divided by 60 units ‘second’ (in English) evenly.
  • A leap second is added to the last minute of a day irregularly.
Burmese timekeeping
  • A day is divided into 2 parts evenly.
  • Every such part is divided into 4 units ‘ဗဟို’ evenly.
  • Every ဗဟို is divided into 7.5 units ‘နာရီ’ evenly.
  • Every နာရီ is divided into 4 units ‘ပါဒ်’ evenly.
  • Every ပါဒ် is divided into 15 units ‘ဗီဇနာ’ evenly.
  • Every ဗီဇနာ is divided into 6 units ‘ပြန်’ evenly.
  • Every ပြန် is divided into 10 units ‘ခရာ’ evenly.
  • Every ခရာ is divided into 12 units ‘ခဏ’ evenly.
  • Every ခဏ is divided into 4 units ‘လယ’ evenly.
  • Every လယ is divided into 1.25 units ‘အနုခရာ’ evenly.
Chinese timekeeping
  • A day is divided by 12 units ‘時’ evenly.
  • A 時 is divided into 2 parts ‘初’, ‘正’ evenly.
  • Every such part is divided by 4 units ‘刻’ evenly.
Thai timekeeping
  • A day is divided by 4 periods ‘...โมงเช้า’, ‘บ่าย...โมง’, ‘...ทุ่ม’, ‘ตี...’ evenly.
  • Every such period is divided into 6 parts evenly.
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