Language/Central-pashto/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

Pashto Alphabet & Pronunciation

سلام Pashto Learners! 😃

➡ In today's lesson you will learn how to write and pronounce the Pashto alphabets.

Happy learning!

Central Pashto Alphabet

The Pashtun alphabet (پښتو الفبې) is a relatively recent adaptation of the Persian alphabet with additional letters to accommodate the phonemes of the Pashtun language, which is the largest Eastern Iranian language (of the Avestan family) and one of the two main languages of Afghanistan, along with Persian Dari, which is Eastern Iran.

IPA	Letter
	Final	Medial	Initial	Isolated
[ɑ], [ʔ]	ـا	ـﺎ	آ, ا	آ, ا
[b]	ـﺐ	ـﺒـ	بـ	ب
[p]	ـﭗ	ـﭙـ	پـ	پ
[t̪]	ـﺖ	ـﺘـ	تـ	ت
[ʈ]	ـټ	ـټـ	ټـ	ټ
[s]	ـﺚ	ـﺜـ	ثـ	ث
[d͡ʒ]	ـﺞ	ـﺞ	ـﺞ	ج
[t͡ʃ]	ـﭻ	ـﭽـ	چـ	چ
[h] / [x]	ـﺢ	ـﺤـ	حـ	ح
[x]	ـﺦ	ـﺨـ	خـ	خ
[t͡s] / [s]	ـڅ	ـڅـ	څـ	څ
[d͡z] / [z]	ـځ	ـځـ	ځـ	ځ
[d̪]	ـﺪ	ـﺪ	د	د
[ɖ]	ـډ	ـډ	ډ	ډ
[z]	ـﺬ	ـﺬ	ﺫ	ﺫ
[r]	ـﺮ	ـﺮ	ﺭ	ﺭ
[ɺ̢], [ɭ̆], [ɻ]	ـړ	ـړ	ړ	ړ
[z]	ـﺰ	ـﺰ	ﺯ	ﺯ
[d͡z]	ـﮋ	ـﮋ	ژ	ژ
[ʐ] (Southern) [ʝ] (Central) [ɡ] (Northern)	ـږ	ـږ	ږ	ږ
[s]	ـﺲ	ـﺴـ	سـ	س
[ʃ]	ـﺶ	ـﺸـ	شـ	ش
[ʂ] (Southern) [ç] (Central) [x] (Northern)	ـښ	ـښـ	ښـ	ښ
[s]	ـﺺ	ـﺼـ	صـ	ص
[z], [d̪]	ـﺾ	ـﻀـ	ضـ	ض
[t̪]	ـﻂ	ـﻄـ	طـ	ط
[z]	ـﻆ	ـﻈـ	ظـ	ظ
[ʔ]	ـﻊ	ـﻌـ	عـ	ع
[ɣ]	ـﻎ	ـﻐـ	غـ	غ
[f] / [p]	ـﻒ	ـﻔـ	فـ	ف
[q] / [k]	ـﻖ	ـﻘـ	قـ	ق
[k]	ـک	ـکـ	کـ	ک
[ɡ]	ـګ	ـګـ	ګـ	ګ
[l]	ـﻞ	ـﻠـ	لـ	ل
[m]	ـﻢ	ـﻤـ	مـ	م
[n]	ـﻦ	ـﻨـ	نـ	ن
[ɳ]	ـڼ	ـڼـ	ڼـ	ڼ
[w], [u], [o]	ـﻮ	ـﻮ	و	و
[h], [a]	ـﻪ	ـﻬـ	هـ	ه
[ə]	ﮥ			ۀ
[j], [i]	ـﻲ	ـﻴـ	يـ	ي
[e]	ـﯥ	ـﯧـ	ېـ	ې
[ai], [j]	ـی			ی
[əi]	ـۍ			ۍ
[əi], [j]	ـئ	ـئـ	ئـ	ئ

Pashto Keyboard