Difference between revisions of "Language/Afar/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 75: Line 75:
|[j]
|[j]
|}
|}
== Consonants ==
The consonants of the Afar language in the standard orthography are listed below (with IPA notation in brackets):
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" | 
!Labial
!Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Palatal
!Velar
!Pharyngeal
!Glottal
|-
! rowspan="2" |Stops
!voiceless
| 
|  '''t'''  [t]
| 
| 
|  '''k'''  [k]
| 
| 
|-
!voiced
|  '''b'''  [b]
|  '''d'''  [d]
| 
| 
|  '''g'''  [ɡ]
| 
| 
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricatives
!voiceless
|  '''f'''  [f]
|  '''s'''  [s]
| 
| 
| 
|  '''c'''  [ħ]
|  '''h'''  [h]
|-
!voiced
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|  '''q'''  [ʕ]
| 
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasals
|  '''m'''  [m]
|  '''n'''  [n]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximants
|  '''w'''  [w]
|  '''l'''  [l]
| 
|  '''y'''  [j]
| 
| 
| 
|-
! colspan="2" |Tap
| 
|  '''r'''  [ɾ]
|  '''x'''  [ɖ]
| 
| 
| 
|
|}
Voiceless stop consonants which close syllables are released, e.g., [ʌkʰˈme].


==Long Vowels==
==Long Vowels==
Line 93: Line 172:
|[uː]
|[uː]
|}
|}
=== stress ===
==== ''short'' ====
:* '''a''' [ʌ]
:* '''e''' [e]
:* '''i''' [i]
:* '''o''' [o]
:* '''u''' [u]
==== ''long'' ====
:* '''aa''' [aː]
:* '''ee''' [eː]
:* '''ii''' [iː]
:* '''oo''' [oː]
:* '''uu''' [uː]
Sentence final vowels of affirmative verbs are aspirated (and stressed), e.g. '''''abeh''''' = /aˈbeʰ/ 'He did.' Sentence final vowels of negative verbs are not aspirated (nor stressed), e.g. '''''maabinna''''' = /ˈmaabinna/ 'He did not do.' Sentence final vowels of interrogative verbs are lengthened (and stressed), e.g. '''''abee?''''' = /aˈbeː/ 'Did he do?' Otherwise, stress in word-final.
== Sources ==
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_language
[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]
[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]

Revision as of 14:51, 20 November 2021

Afar-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg

Letters

Letter A a B b T t S s E e C c K k X x I i D d Q q R r F f G g O o L l M m N n U u W w H h Y y
Name a ba ta sa e ca ka xa i da qa ra fa ga o la ma na u wa ha ya
IPA [ʌ] [b] [t] [s] [e] [ħ] [k] [ɖ] [i] [d] [ʕ] [r] [f] [g] [o] [l] [m] [n] [u] [w] [h] [j]

Consonants

The consonants of the Afar language in the standard orthography are listed below (with IPA notation in brackets):

  Labial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Pharyngeal Glottal
Stops voiceless     t  [t]       k  [k]    
voiced   b  [b]   d  [d]       g  [ɡ]    
Fricatives voiceless   f  [f]   s  [s]         c  [ħ]   h  [h]
voiced             q  [ʕ]  
Nasals   m  [m]   n  [n]          
Approximants   w  [w]   l  [l]     y  [j]      
Tap     r  [ɾ]   x  [ɖ]      

Voiceless stop consonants which close syllables are released, e.g., [ʌkʰˈme].

Long Vowels

Long vowel aa ee ii oo uu
IPA [aː] [eː] [iː] [oː] [uː]

stress

short

  • a [ʌ]
  • e [e]
  • i [i]
  • o [o]
  • u [u]

long

  • aa [aː]
  • ee [eː]
  • ii [iː]
  • oo [oː]
  • uu [uː]

Sentence final vowels of affirmative verbs are aspirated (and stressed), e.g. abeh = /aˈbeʰ/ 'He did.' Sentence final vowels of negative verbs are not aspirated (nor stressed), e.g. maabinna = /ˈmaabinna/ 'He did not do.' Sentence final vowels of interrogative verbs are lengthened (and stressed), e.g. abee? = /aˈbeː/ 'Did he do?' Otherwise, stress in word-final.

Sources

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Afar/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation&oldid=116348"