Difference between revisions of "Language/Maori/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"

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Māori, also known as te reo ('the language'), is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of New Zealand.
Māori, also known as te reo ('the language'), is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of New Zealand.


 
== Alphabet ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Letter
!Letter
Line 48: Line 48:
|w
|w
|ɸ, f
|ɸ, f
|}
== Vowels ==
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
!Close
|⟨i⟩ [i], [iː]
| colspan="2" |⟨u⟩ [ʉ], [uː]
|-
!Mid
|⟨e⟩ [ɛ], [eː]
|
|⟨o⟩ [ɔ], [oː]
|-
!Open
|
| colspan="2" |⟨a⟩ [ɐ], [ɑː]
|}
=== Long vowels ===
The alphabet devised at Cambridge University does not mark vowel length. The following examples show that vowel length is phonemic in Māori:
{| class="wikitable"
|''ata''
|morning
|'''''ā'''ta''
|carefully
|-
|''keke''
|cake
|''k'''ē'''k'''ē'''''
|armpit
|-
|''mana''
|prestige
|''m'''ā'''na''
|for him/her
|-
|''manu''
|bird
|''m'''ā'''nu''
|to float
|-
|''tatari''
|to wait for
|''t'''ā'''tari''
|to filter or analyse
|-
|''tui''
|to sew
|''t'''ūī'''''
|Parson bird
|-
|''wahine''
|woman
|''w'''ā'''hine''
|women
|}
== Consonants ==
The consonant phonemes of Māori are listed in the following table. Seven of the ten Māori consonant letters have the same pronunciation as they do in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For those that do not, the IPA phonetic transcription is included, enclosed in square brackets per IPA convention.
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Labial
!Alveolar
!Velar
!Glottal
|-
!Nasal
|'''m'''
|'''n'''
|'''ng''' [ŋ]
|
|-
!Plosive
|'''p'''
|'''t'''
|'''k'''
|
|-
!Fricative
|'''wh''' [f, ɸ]
|
|
|'''h'''
|-
!Tap
|
|'''r''' [ɾ]
|
|
|-
!Approximant
|'''w'''
|
|
|
|}
|}
[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]
[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]

Revision as of 09:41, 12 October 2021

Maori-Alphabet-Pronunciation.png

Māori, also known as te reo ('the language'), is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of New Zealand.

Alphabet

Letter A a Ā ā E e Ē ē H h I I Ī ī K k M m N n Ng ng O o Ō ō P p R r T t U u Ū ū W w Wh wh
IPA a, ʌ aː, ʌː e eː h I iː k(ʰ) m n ŋ o oː p(ʰ) ɾ t(ʰ) ʊ, u ʊː, uː w ɸ, f

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close ⟨i⟩ [i], [iː] ⟨u⟩ [ʉ], [uː]
Mid ⟨e⟩ [ɛ], [eː] ⟨o⟩ [ɔ], [oː]
Open ⟨a⟩ [ɐ], [ɑː]

Long vowels

The alphabet devised at Cambridge University does not mark vowel length. The following examples show that vowel length is phonemic in Māori:

ata morning āta carefully
keke cake kēkē armpit
mana prestige māna for him/her
manu bird mānu to float
tatari to wait for tātari to filter or analyse
tui to sew tūī Parson bird
wahine woman wāhine women

Consonants

The consonant phonemes of Māori are listed in the following table. Seven of the ten Māori consonant letters have the same pronunciation as they do in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For those that do not, the IPA phonetic transcription is included, enclosed in square brackets per IPA convention.

Labial Alveolar Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ng [ŋ]
Plosive p t k
Fricative wh [f, ɸ] h
Tap r [ɾ]
Approximant w
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