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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Dutch|Dutch]]  → [[Language/Dutch/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Dutch/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Pronouns → Prepositions of Place and Time</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Dutch|Dutch]]  → [[Language/Dutch/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Dutch/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions of Place and Time</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''Prepositions of Place and Time''' in Dutch! This topic is crucial for anyone who wants to navigate the Dutch language effectively, whether it's giving directions, talking about daily activities, or discussing schedules. Prepositions help us relate nouns to other words in a sentence, giving context about where and when something happens.
 
In this lesson, we will explore various Dutch prepositions that indicate both place and time. By the end, you will have a solid understanding of how to use these prepositions in sentences, supported by plenty of examples. We'll also include practical exercises to reinforce your learning.


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Importance of Prepositions ===
 
Prepositions are essential in any language, serving as the glue that holds sentences together. In Dutch, they help clarify relationships between people, objects, and places. Whether you want to express where you are, where something is located, or when an event occurs, knowing the correct preposition is key.


In this lesson, we will focus on prepositions of place and time in Dutch. Prepositions are essential in any language as they help us describe the position of objects and the timing of events. By understanding and using prepositions correctly, you will be able to express yourself more accurately in Dutch. We will cover a variety of prepositions related to both place and time, and provide you with numerous examples to ensure a thorough understanding of the topic.
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
1. '''Introduction to Prepositions of Place''' 
 
2. '''Common Prepositions of Place''' 
 
3. '''Introduction to Prepositions of Time''' 
 
4. '''Common Prepositions of Time''' 
 
5. '''Examples of Prepositions in Use''' 
 
6. '''Exercises for Practice''' 
 
7. '''Solutions and Explanations''' 


== Prepositions of Place ==
== Prepositions of Place ==


=== Position and Direction ===
=== What Are Prepositions of Place? ===
 
Prepositions of place indicate the location of something or someone. In Dutch, these prepositions help you to describe where an object is situated relative to another object or location. Knowing these will allow you to give clear directions or describe your surroundings effectively.
 
=== Common Prepositions of Place ===
 
Here are some of the most common Dutch prepositions of place:
 
* '''in''' - in
 
* '''op''' - on
 
* '''onder''' - under


First, let's explore the prepositions that describe the position and direction of objects in Dutch.
* '''boven''' - above


'''1. Op''' (On)
* '''naast''' - next to
 
* '''achter''' - behind
 
* '''voor''' - in front of
 
* '''tussen''' - between
 
* '''voor''' - before (in terms of location)
 
* '''bij''' - at
 
=== Table of Examples ===
 
Let's take a look at these prepositions in action:


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| De pen ligt '''op''' de tafel. || De pen ligt op de tafel. || The pen is on the table.
 
| De boek ligt '''in''' de tas. || də buk lɪt in də tɑs || The book is '''in''' the bag.
 
|-
|-
| De foto hangt '''op''' de muur. || De foto hangt op de muur. || The photo is hanging on the wall.
 
| De kopjes staan '''op''' de tafel. || də kɔpjəs stɑn ɔp də tɑfəl || The cups are '''on''' the table.
 
|-
|-
| Het boek ligt '''op''' het bed. || Het boek ligt op het bed. || The book is on the bed.
|}


'''2. Onder''' (Under)
| De kat is '''onder''' het bed. || də kɑt ɪs ɔndər hɛt bɛt || The cat is '''under''' the bed.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| De kat zit '''onder''' de tafel. || De kat zit onder de tafel. || The cat is under the table.
 
| De luchtballon is '''boven''' het huis. || də lʏxtbɑlɔn ɪs ˈboːvən hɛt hœys || The hot air balloon is '''above''' the house.
 
|-
|-
| De sleutels liggen '''onder''' het kussen. || De sleutels liggen onder het kussen. || The keys are under the pillow.
 
| De stoel staat '''naast''' de tafel. || də stuːl stɑt nɑst də tɑfəl || The chair is '''next to''' the table.
 
|-
|-
| Het huis staat '''onder''' de brug. || Het huis staat onder de brug. || The house is under the bridge.
|}


'''3. Naast''' (Next to)
| De hond zit '''achter''' de deur. || də hɔnt zɪt ˈɑxtər də dyːr || The dog is sitting '''behind''' the door.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mijn fiets staat '''naast''' de jouwe. || Mijn fiets staat naast de jouwe. || My bike is next to yours.
 
| De auto staat '''voor''' het huis. || də ˈɑuto stɑt vɔr hɛt hœys || The car is parked '''in front of''' the house.
 
|-
|-
| Het park is '''naast''' het museum. || Het park is naast het museum. || The park is next to the museum.
 
| De bank is '''tussen''' de twee gebouwen. || də bɑŋk ɪs ˈtʏsən də tweː ɣəˈbɑudəŋ || The bank is '''between''' the two buildings.
 
|-
|-
| De winkel ligt '''naast''' het restaurant. || De winkel ligt naast het restaurant. || The store is next to the restaurant.
 
| De hond ligt '''bij''' de boom. || də hɔnt lɪt bɛɪ də boːm || The dog is lying '''at''' the tree.
 
|}
|}


'''4. Achter''' (Behind)
== Prepositions of Time ==
 
=== What Are Prepositions of Time? ===
 
Prepositions of time indicate when something happens. They are vital for discussing schedules, events, and routines. Understanding these will allow you to communicate effectively about past, present, and future events.
 
=== Common Prepositions of Time ===
 
Here are some of the most common Dutch prepositions of time:
 
* '''in''' - in (for months, years, or parts of the day)
 
* '''op''' - on (for days and dates)
 
* '''aan''' - at (for specific times)
 
* '''voor''' - before
 
* '''na''' - after


Examples:
* '''tijdens''' - during
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
* '''tot''' - until
|-
| De auto staat '''achter''' het huis. || De auto staat achter het huis. || The car is behind the house.
|-
| De kinderen zitten '''achter''' de bank. || De kinderen zitten achter de bank. || The children are sitting behind the couch.
|-
| Het boek ligt '''achter''' de laptop. || Het boek ligt achter de laptop. || The book is behind the laptop.
|}


'''5. Voor''' (In front of)
* '''tussen''' - between


Examples:
* '''sinds''' - since
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| De bloemen staan '''voor''' het raam. || De bloemen staan voor het raam. || The flowers are in front of the window.
|-
| De kat zit '''voor''' de deur. || De kat zit voor de deur. || The cat is in front of the door.
|-
| Het schilderij hangt '''voor''' de muur. || Het schilderij hangt voor de muur. || The painting is in front of the wall.
|}


=== Location ===
* '''voor''' - for (in terms of duration)


Now, let's move on to prepositions that describe the location of objects in Dutch.
=== Table of Examples ===


'''1. In''' (In)
Now, let's see these time prepositions in practice:


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ik ben '''in''' de kamer. || Ik ben in de kamer. || I am in the room.
 
| Ik ga '''in''' januari op vakantie. || ɪk ɡɑ in jɑnuːɑri ɔp vɑkɑnci || I go on vacation '''in''' January.
 
|-
|-
| De kat ligt '''in''' de mand. || De kat ligt in de mand. || The cat is in the basket.
 
| We hebben een afspraak '''op''' maandag. || veː ˈhɛbən eːn ˈɑfspʁɑːk ɔp ˈmɑnˌdɑx || We have an appointment '''on''' Monday.
 
|-
|-
| Het boek staat '''in''' de kast. || Het boek staat in de kast. || The book is in the cupboard.
|}


'''2. Op''' (On)
| De les begint '''om''' drie uur. || də lɛs bɪˈɡɪnt ɔm driː yʊr || The lesson starts '''at''' three o'clock.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| De vaas staat '''op''' de tafel. || De vaas staat op de tafel. || The vase is on the table.
 
| Ik moet dit doen '''voor''' het werk. || ɪk mut dɪt dun vɔr hɛt vɛrk || I must do this '''before''' work.
 
|-
|-
| De foto hangt '''op''' de muur. || De foto hangt op de muur. || The photo is hanging on the wall.
 
| We gaan naar het museum '''na''' de lunch. || veː ɡɑn nɑːr hɛt myzeːʌm nɑ dɛ lʏntʃ || We are going to the museum '''after''' lunch.
 
|-
|-
| Het bord ligt '''op''' het bed. || Het bord ligt op het bed. || The plate is on the bed.
|}


'''3. Onder''' (Under)
| '''Tijdens''' de vergadering was het stil. || ˈtɛɪ.dɛns də vɛrˈɣɑː.dɪŋ vɑs hɛt stɪl || It was quiet '''during''' the meeting.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| De kat zit '''onder''' het bed. || De kat zit onder het bed. || The cat is under the bed.
 
| Hij werkt '''tot''' vijf uur. || hɛi vɛrkt tɔt vɛi̯f yʊr || He works '''until''' five o'clock.
 
|-
|-
| De sleutels liggen '''onder''' de stoel. || De sleutels liggen onder de stoel. || The keys are under the chair.
 
| Ze komen '''tussen''' twee en drie. || zə ˈkoːmən ˈtʏsən tweː ɛn driː || They are coming '''between''' two and three.
 
|-
|-
| De hond slaapt '''onder''' de tafel. || De hond slaapt onder de tafel. || The dog is sleeping under the table.
|}


'''4. Tussen''' (Between)
| '''Sinds''' 2020 ben ik in Nederland. || sɪnds 2020 bɛn ɪk ɪn ˈneːdərlɑnd || '''Since''' 2020, I have been in the Netherlands.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| De tv staat '''tussen''' de boeken. || De tv staat tussen de boeken. || The TV is between the books.
 
|-
| Ik ben hier '''voor''' een week. || ɪk bɛn hiːr vɔr eɪ̯n veːk || I am here '''for''' a week.
| De kinderen zitten '''tussen''' hun ouders. || De kinderen zitten tussen hun ouders. || The children are sitting between their parents.
 
|-
| Het huis ligt '''tussen''' de bomen. || Het huis ligt tussen de bomen. || The house is between the trees.
|}
|}


'''5. Achter''' (Behind)
== Exercises for Practice ==
 
Now it's time to put what you've learned into practice! Below are some exercises that will help solidify your understanding of Dutch prepositions of place and time.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition of place or time.
 
1. De kat is _____ de stoel. (under)
 
2. Ik ga naar school _____ de week. (during)
 
3. We hebben een afspraak _____ vrijdag. (on)
 
4. Het boek ligt _____ de tafel. (on)
 
5. Mijn verjaardag is _____ augustus. (in)
 
=== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following sentences from English to Dutch, using the correct prepositions.
 
1. The dog is behind the door.
 
2. I will call you at five o'clock.


Examples:
3. They are coming after lunch.
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| De auto staat '''achter''' het huis. || De auto staat achter het huis. || The car is behind the house.
|-
| De kat zit '''achter''' de bank. || De kat zit achter de bank. || The cat is behind the couch.
|-
| Het boek ligt '''achter''' de laptop. || Het boek ligt achter de laptop. || The book is behind the laptop.
|}


== Prepositions of Time ==
4. The car is next to the house.


=== Specific Time ===
5. We will meet in the park.


Let's start by learning the prepositions used to indicate specific points in time in Dutch.
=== Exercise 3: Match the Prepositions ===


'''1. Op''' (On)
Match the Dutch prepositions in Column A with their English translations in Column B.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Column A !! Column B
 
|-
|-
| Ik zie je '''op''' maandag. || Ik zie je op maandag. || I'll see you on Monday.
 
| in || before
 
|-
|-
| Het feest begint '''op''' acht uur. || Het feest begint op acht uur. || The party starts at eight o'clock.
 
| op || at
 
|-
|-
| We gaan uit eten '''op''' onze verjaardag. || We gaan uit eten op onze verjaardag. || We're going out for dinner on our birthday.
|}


'''2. In''' (In)
| voor || in


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ik heb een afspraak '''in''' mei. || Ik heb een afspraak in mei. || I have an appointment in May.
 
| achter || between
 
|-
|-
| We gaan op vakantie '''in''' de zomer. || We gaan op vakantie in de zomer. || We're going on vacation in the summer.
 
|-
| tussen || on
| De vergadering is '''in''' de ochtend. || De vergadering is in de ochtend. || The meeting is in the morning.
 
|}
|}


'''3. Om''' (At)
=== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences ===
 
Write five sentences using the prepositions you have learned. Try to include both place and time prepositions.
 
=== Exercise 5: True or False ===
 
Determine whether the following statements are true or false.
 
1. "op" is used for months in Dutch. (True/False)
 
2. "tussen" indicates a location on a surface. (True/False)
 
3. "in" can be used for specific times. (True/False)
 
4. "voor" can mean "before" in terms of time. (True/False)
 
5. "naast" means "above." (True/False)
 
=== Exercise 6: Correct the Sentences ===
 
Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
 
1. De hond zit in de tafel.
 
2. Ik ga naar de winkel voor maandag.
 
3. De boeken zijn op de kast.
 
4. We hebben een afspraak in dinsdag.
 
5. Hij werkt tot vier uur en vijf.
 
=== Exercise 7: Listening Exercise ===
 
Listen to a short dialogue in Dutch that includes several prepositions of place and time. Write down the sentences that include prepositions.
 
=== Exercise 8: Group Discussion ===
 
In pairs, discuss your daily routine using prepositions of time. Try to use at least five different prepositions in your conversation.
 
=== Exercise 9: Role Play ===
 
Role-play a scenario where you give directions to a friend using prepositions of place. Make sure to use at least ten prepositions.
 
=== Exercise 10: Word Search ===
 
Create a word search puzzle using the prepositions of place and time you have learned.
 
== Solutions and Explanations ==
 
Now let's look at the solutions to the exercises to see how you did!
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
1. De kat is '''onder''' de stoel.
 
2. Ik ga naar school '''tijdens''' de week.
 
3. We hebben een afspraak '''op''' vrijdag.
 
4. Het boek ligt '''op''' de tafel.


Examples:
5. Mijn verjaardag is '''in''' augustus.
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
=== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ===
|-
 
| De trein vertrekt '''om''' zes uur. || De trein vertrekt om zes uur. || The train departs at six o'clock.
1. De hond is '''achter''' de deur.
|-
 
| We ontmoeten elkaar '''om''' tien uur. || We ontmoeten elkaar om tien uur. || We'll meet at ten o'clock.
2. Ik zal je bellen '''om''' vijf uur.
|-
| Het concert begint '''om''' half acht. || Het concert begint om half acht. || The concert starts at half past seven.
|}


=== Duration ===
3. Ze komen '''na''' de lunch.


Now, let's move on to the prepositions used to indicate the duration of time in Dutch.
4. De auto is '''naast''' het huis.


'''1. Voor''' (For)
5. We zullen elkaar '''in''' het park ontmoeten.


Examples:
=== Exercise 3: Match the Prepositions ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik heb geslapen '''voor''' acht uur. || Ik heb geslapen voor acht uur. || I slept for eight hours.
|-
| We hebben gewerkt '''voor''' de hele dag. || We hebben gewerkt voor de hele dag. || We worked for the whole day.
|-
| Ze heeft gestudeerd '''voor''' drie jaar. || Ze heeft gestudeerd voor drie jaar. || She studied for three years.
|}


'''2. Gedurende''' (During)
1. in - '''in'''


Examples:
2. op - '''on'''
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik heb honger '''gedurende''' de nacht. || Ik heb honger gedurende de nacht. || I'm hungry during the night.
|-
| We hebben veel geleerd '''gedurende''' de cursus. || We hebben veel geleerd gedurende de cursus. || We learned a lot during the course.
|-
| Ze is op reis geweest '''gedurende''' een maand. || Ze is op reis geweest gedurende een maand. || She traveled for one month.
|}


'''3. Van''' (From) and '''tot''' (To)
3. voor - '''before'''


Examples:
4. achter - '''behind'''
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik werk '''van''' negen uur '''tot''' vijf uur. || Ik werk van negen uur tot vijf uur. || I work from nine o'clock to five o'clock.
|-
| De winkel is geopend '''van''' maandag '''tot''' vrijdag. || De winkel is geopend van maandag tot vrijdag. || The store is open from Monday to Friday.
|-
| We zijn op vakantie '''van''' juni '''tot''' augustus. || We zijn op vakantie van juni tot augustus. || We're on vacation from June to August.
|}


=== Frequency ===
5. tussen - '''between'''


Finally, let's explore the prepositions used to indicate the frequency of events in Dutch.
=== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences ===


'''1. Elke''' (Every)
(Answers will vary)


Examples:
=== Exercise 5: True or False ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik ga '''elke''' dag naar de sportschool. || Ik ga elke dag naar de sportschool. || I go to the gym every day.
|-
| We hebben '''elke''' week een vergadering. || We hebben elke week een vergadering. || We have a meeting every week.
|-
| Ze bezoekt haar familie '''elke''' maand. || Ze bezoekt haar familie elke maand. || She visits her family every month.
|}


'''2. Soms''' (Sometimes)
1. False


Examples:
2. False
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik eet '''soms''' chocolade als dessert. || Ik eet soms chocolade als dessert. || I sometimes eat chocolate for dessert.
|-
| We gaan '''soms''' naar de bioscoop op zaterdag. || We gaan soms naar de bioscoop op zaterdag. || We sometimes go to the movies on Saturdays.
|-
| Ze komt '''soms''' te laat op het werk. || Ze komt soms te laat op het werk. || She sometimes arrives late to work.
|}


'''3. Nooit''' (Never)
3. False


Examples:
4. True
{| class="wikitable"
! Dutch !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ik drink '''nooit''' koffie. || Ik drink nooit koffie. || I never drink coffee.
|-
| We gaan '''nooit''' naar de discotheek. || We gaan nooit naar de discotheek. || We never go to the nightclub.
|-
| Ze heeft '''nooit''' een huisdier gehad. || Ze heeft nooit een huisdier gehad. || She never had a pet.
|}


== Cultural Insights ==
5. False


In the Netherlands, the usage of prepositions of place and time is similar to other Dutch-speaking regions, such as Belgium and Suriname. However, there may be slight variations in specific phrases or expressions used in different regions.
=== Exercise 6: Correct the Sentences ===


One interesting cultural aspect related to prepositions of place is the Dutch tradition of "gezelligheid." This untranslatable word refers to a cozy and warm atmosphere, often created by gathering with friends and family in a comfortable space. Prepositions like "in" and "op" are commonly used to describe the location of this gezelligheid, such as "in een café" (in a café) or "op de bank" (on the couch).
1. De hond zit '''onder''' de tafel.


When it comes to prepositions of time, the Dutch are known for their punctuality and efficiency. It is common to use the preposition "om" (at) to indicate specific points in time, emphasizing the importance of being on time for appointments and events. This cultural value is reflected in the Dutch saying "Tijd is geld" (Time is money), highlighting the importance of using time wisely and efficiently.
2. Ik ga naar de winkel '''voor''' maandag. (corrected to "Ik ga naar de winkel '''op''' maandag.")


== Exercises ==
3. De boeken zijn '''in''' de kast.


Now, let's practice using prepositions of place and time in Dutch!
4. We hebben een afspraak '''op''' dinsdag.


'''Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks'''
5. Hij werkt tot vier uur en vijf '''minuten'''.


Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct preposition from the options given in parentheses.
=== Exercise 7: Listening Exercise ===


1. De sleutel ligt ... de tafel. (op / onder / naast)
(Answers will vary based on the dialogue listened to)
2. Ik heb een afspraak ... vrijdag. (op / in / om)
3. Het feest begint ... acht uur. (op / in / om)
4. We gaan uit eten ... ons jubileum. (op / voor / tijdens)
5. De kat zit ... de bank. (achter / voor / tussen)


'''Solution:'''
=== Exercise 8: Group Discussion ===
1. De sleutel ligt '''op''' de tafel.
2. Ik heb een afspraak '''op''' vrijdag.
3. Het feest begint '''om''' acht uur.
4. We gaan uit eten '''voor''' ons jubileum.
5. De kat zit '''achter''' de bank.


'''Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences'''
(Answers will vary based on the discussions held)


Translate the following English sentences into Dutch, using the appropriate prepositions.
=== Exercise 9: Role Play ===


1. The book is on the shelf.
(Answers will vary based on the role-play scenario)
2. We have lunch at twelve o'clock.
3. I will see you in the morning.
4. The party starts at nine o'clock.
5. We go on vacation in the summer.


'''Solution:'''
=== Exercise 10: Word Search ===
1. Het boek ligt '''op''' de plank.
2. We lunchen '''om''' twaalf uur.
3. Ik zie je '''in''' de ochtend.
4. Het feest begint '''om''' negen uur.
5. We gaan op vakantie '''in''' de zomer.


== Conclusion ==
(Answers will vary based on the word search created)


Congratulations! You have learned how to use prepositions of place and time in Dutch. By mastering these prepositions, you will be able to describe the position of objects and the timing of events with accuracy and confidence. Keep practicing and incorporating prepositions into your daily conversations to further enhance your Dutch language skills. Veel succes (Good luck)!
Congratulations on reaching the end of this lesson! You’ve taken a big step towards mastering Dutch prepositions of place and time. Keep practicing, and soon these will become second nature to you!  


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|title=Dutch Grammar: Prepositions of Place and Time
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use prepositions of place and time in Dutch. Explore the different prepositions and their usage, and practice with exercises.
 
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|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Dutch prepositions of place and time, complete with examples and exercises for practice.
 
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 23:48, 31 July 2024

◀️ Order of Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Reflexive and Possessive Pronouns ▶️

Dutch-flag-polyglotclub.png
Dutch → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions of Place and Time

Welcome to the lesson on Prepositions of Place and Time in Dutch! This topic is crucial for anyone who wants to navigate the Dutch language effectively, whether it's giving directions, talking about daily activities, or discussing schedules. Prepositions help us relate nouns to other words in a sentence, giving context about where and when something happens.

In this lesson, we will explore various Dutch prepositions that indicate both place and time. By the end, you will have a solid understanding of how to use these prepositions in sentences, supported by plenty of examples. We'll also include practical exercises to reinforce your learning.

Importance of Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are essential in any language, serving as the glue that holds sentences together. In Dutch, they help clarify relationships between people, objects, and places. Whether you want to express where you are, where something is located, or when an event occurs, knowing the correct preposition is key.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

1. Introduction to Prepositions of Place

2. Common Prepositions of Place

3. Introduction to Prepositions of Time

4. Common Prepositions of Time

5. Examples of Prepositions in Use

6. Exercises for Practice

7. Solutions and Explanations

Prepositions of Place[edit | edit source]

What Are Prepositions of Place?[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of place indicate the location of something or someone. In Dutch, these prepositions help you to describe where an object is situated relative to another object or location. Knowing these will allow you to give clear directions or describe your surroundings effectively.

Common Prepositions of Place[edit | edit source]

Here are some of the most common Dutch prepositions of place:

  • in - in
  • op - on
  • onder - under
  • boven - above
  • naast - next to
  • achter - behind
  • voor - in front of
  • tussen - between
  • voor - before (in terms of location)
  • bij - at

Table of Examples[edit | edit source]

Let's take a look at these prepositions in action:

Dutch Pronunciation English
De boek ligt in de tas. də buk lɪt in də tɑs The book is in the bag.
De kopjes staan op de tafel. də kɔpjəs stɑn ɔp də tɑfəl The cups are on the table.
De kat is onder het bed. də kɑt ɪs ɔndər hɛt bɛt The cat is under the bed.
De luchtballon is boven het huis. də lʏxtbɑlɔn ɪs ˈboːvən hɛt hœys The hot air balloon is above the house.
De stoel staat naast de tafel. də stuːl stɑt nɑst də tɑfəl The chair is next to the table.
De hond zit achter de deur. də hɔnt zɪt ˈɑxtər də dyːr The dog is sitting behind the door.
De auto staat voor het huis. də ˈɑuto stɑt vɔr hɛt hœys The car is parked in front of the house.
De bank is tussen de twee gebouwen. də bɑŋk ɪs ˈtʏsən də tweː ɣəˈbɑudəŋ The bank is between the two buildings.
De hond ligt bij de boom. də hɔnt lɪt bɛɪ də boːm The dog is lying at the tree.

Prepositions of Time[edit | edit source]

What Are Prepositions of Time?[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of time indicate when something happens. They are vital for discussing schedules, events, and routines. Understanding these will allow you to communicate effectively about past, present, and future events.

Common Prepositions of Time[edit | edit source]

Here are some of the most common Dutch prepositions of time:

  • in - in (for months, years, or parts of the day)
  • op - on (for days and dates)
  • aan - at (for specific times)
  • voor - before
  • na - after
  • tijdens - during
  • tot - until
  • tussen - between
  • sinds - since
  • voor - for (in terms of duration)

Table of Examples[edit | edit source]

Now, let's see these time prepositions in practice:

Dutch Pronunciation English
Ik ga in januari op vakantie. ɪk ɡɑ in jɑnuːɑri ɔp vɑkɑnci I go on vacation in January.
We hebben een afspraak op maandag. veː ˈhɛbən eːn ˈɑfspʁɑːk ɔp ˈmɑnˌdɑx We have an appointment on Monday.
De les begint om drie uur. də lɛs bɪˈɡɪnt ɔm driː yʊr The lesson starts at three o'clock.
Ik moet dit doen voor het werk. ɪk mut dɪt dun vɔr hɛt vɛrk I must do this before work.
We gaan naar het museum na de lunch. veː ɡɑn nɑːr hɛt myzeːʌm nɑ dɛ lʏntʃ We are going to the museum after lunch.
Tijdens de vergadering was het stil. ˈtɛɪ.dɛns də vɛrˈɣɑː.dɪŋ vɑs hɛt stɪl It was quiet during the meeting.
Hij werkt tot vijf uur. hɛi vɛrkt tɔt vɛi̯f yʊr He works until five o'clock.
Ze komen tussen twee en drie. zə ˈkoːmən ˈtʏsən tweː ɛn driː They are coming between two and three.
Sinds 2020 ben ik in Nederland. sɪnds 2020 bɛn ɪk ɪn ˈneːdərlɑnd Since 2020, I have been in the Netherlands.
Ik ben hier voor een week. ɪk bɛn hiːr vɔr eɪ̯n veːk I am here for a week.

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put what you've learned into practice! Below are some exercises that will help solidify your understanding of Dutch prepositions of place and time.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition of place or time.

1. De kat is _____ de stoel. (under)

2. Ik ga naar school _____ de week. (during)

3. We hebben een afspraak _____ vrijdag. (on)

4. Het boek ligt _____ de tafel. (on)

5. Mijn verjaardag is _____ augustus. (in)

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences from English to Dutch, using the correct prepositions.

1. The dog is behind the door.

2. I will call you at five o'clock.

3. They are coming after lunch.

4. The car is next to the house.

5. We will meet in the park.

Exercise 3: Match the Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Match the Dutch prepositions in Column A with their English translations in Column B.

Column A Column B
in before
op at
voor in
achter between
tussen on

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write five sentences using the prepositions you have learned. Try to include both place and time prepositions.

Exercise 5: True or False[edit | edit source]

Determine whether the following statements are true or false.

1. "op" is used for months in Dutch. (True/False)

2. "tussen" indicates a location on a surface. (True/False)

3. "in" can be used for specific times. (True/False)

4. "voor" can mean "before" in terms of time. (True/False)

5. "naast" means "above." (True/False)

Exercise 6: Correct the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. De hond zit in de tafel.

2. Ik ga naar de winkel voor maandag.

3. De boeken zijn op de kast.

4. We hebben een afspraak in dinsdag.

5. Hij werkt tot vier uur en vijf.

Exercise 7: Listening Exercise[edit | edit source]

Listen to a short dialogue in Dutch that includes several prepositions of place and time. Write down the sentences that include prepositions.

Exercise 8: Group Discussion[edit | edit source]

In pairs, discuss your daily routine using prepositions of time. Try to use at least five different prepositions in your conversation.

Exercise 9: Role Play[edit | edit source]

Role-play a scenario where you give directions to a friend using prepositions of place. Make sure to use at least ten prepositions.

Exercise 10: Word Search[edit | edit source]

Create a word search puzzle using the prepositions of place and time you have learned.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now let's look at the solutions to the exercises to see how you did!

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. De kat is onder de stoel.

2. Ik ga naar school tijdens de week.

3. We hebben een afspraak op vrijdag.

4. Het boek ligt op de tafel.

5. Mijn verjaardag is in augustus.

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. De hond is achter de deur.

2. Ik zal je bellen om vijf uur.

3. Ze komen na de lunch.

4. De auto is naast het huis.

5. We zullen elkaar in het park ontmoeten.

Exercise 3: Match the Prepositions[edit | edit source]

1. in - in

2. op - on

3. voor - before

4. achter - behind

5. tussen - between

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary)

Exercise 5: True or False[edit | edit source]

1. False

2. False

3. False

4. True

5. False

Exercise 6: Correct the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. De hond zit onder de tafel.

2. Ik ga naar de winkel voor maandag. (corrected to "Ik ga naar de winkel op maandag.")

3. De boeken zijn in de kast.

4. We hebben een afspraak op dinsdag.

5. Hij werkt tot vier uur en vijf minuten.

Exercise 7: Listening Exercise[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on the dialogue listened to)

Exercise 8: Group Discussion[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on the discussions held)

Exercise 9: Role Play[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on the role-play scenario)

Exercise 10: Word Search[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on the word search created)

Congratulations on reaching the end of this lesson! You’ve taken a big step towards mastering Dutch prepositions of place and time. Keep practicing, and soon these will become second nature to you!

Table of Contents - Dutch Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Nouns and Articles


Verbs and Conjugation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Prepositions and Pronouns


Family


Food and Drinks


Travel


Work and Jobs


The Netherlands


Dutch Customs

Videos[edit | edit source]

Om, In, Op | Dutch Prepositions and Time | Dutch Grammar - YouTube[edit | edit source]

How to use op in Dutch: preposition - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Order of Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Reflexive and Possessive Pronouns ▶️

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