Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Pronouns"
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=== How to indicate people including the speaker and excluding the listener? === | === How to indicate people including the speaker and excluding the listener? === | ||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun and context. ==== | |||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun (exclusive “we”). ==== | ==== By the first-person plural pronoun (exclusive “we”). ==== | ||
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=== How to indicate people including the speaker and the listener? === | === How to indicate people including the speaker and the listener? === | ||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun (inclusive “we”). ==== | ==== By the first-person plural pronoun (inclusive “we”). ==== | ||
==== By the first-person plural pronoun and context. ==== | |||
=== How to indicate people excluding the speaker and the listener? === | === How to indicate people excluding the speaker and the listener? === | ||
Revision as of 06:07, 20 October 2018
If you have learned some languages, you will want to ask a question like this: what can I do to express something in this language.
Different languages have different answers. Here are the answers of the most popular languages from different families.
Far from being completed.
pronoun
How to indicate the speaker?
By the first-person singular pronoun.
How to indicate the listener?
By the second-person singular pronoun.
How to indicate a person being neither the speaker nor the listener?
By the third-person singular pronoun.
How to indicate people including the speaker and excluding the listener?
By the first-person plural pronoun and context.
By the first-person plural pronoun (exclusive “we”).
How to indicate people excluding the speaker and including the listener?
By the second-person plural pronoun.
How to indicate people including the speaker and the listener?
By the first-person plural pronoun (inclusive “we”).
By the first-person plural pronoun and context.
How to indicate people excluding the speaker and the listener?
By the third-person plural pronoun.
How to tell the one being referenced is animate or inanimate?
By the context.
By the animate and inanimate pronoun.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Finnish | se/ne | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
| Persian | آن | for singular inanimate things |
| Thai | มัน | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
How to tell the one being referenced is human or animal?
By the no-gender pronoun.
By the human and animal pronouns.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Finnish | se/ne | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
| Thai | มัน | for inanimate and non-human animate things |
How to tell the person being referenced is male or female?
By the third-person singular pronouns with gender.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Amharic | እሱ; እሷ | |
| Arabic | هو; هي | |
| Basque | he; zuen | |
| Bengali | তিনি; সে | |
| Burmese | သူ; သူမ | |
| English | he; she | |
| French | il; elle | |
| German | er; sie | |
| Hausa | shi; ta | |
| Hebrew | הוא; היא | |
| Italian | lui; lei | |
| Japanese | 彼; 彼女 | |
| Javanese | piyambakipun; dheweke | |
| Kannada | ಅವನು; ಅವಳು | |
| Khmer | គាត់; នាង | |
| Korean | 그; 그녀 | |
| Malayalam | അവൻ; അവൾ | |
| Portuguese | ele; ela | |
| Russian | он; она | |
| Somali | isagu; iyada | |
| Spanish | él; ella | |
| Tamil | அவர்; அவள் | |
| Telugu | అతను; ఆమె | |
| Vietnamese | anh ta; bà ấy | |
| Yoruba | oun; o |
By the third-person singular pronoun and context.
| language | word | note |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese Cantonese | 佢 | |
| Chinese Mandarin | 他; 她 | read the same |
| Filipino | siya | |
| Finnish | hän | |
| Haitian | li | |
| Hindi | वह | |
| Hungarian | ő | |
| Igbo | ọ | |
| Malay/Indonesian | dia | |
| Persian | او | |
| Swahili | yeye | |
| Turkish | o | |
| Punjabi | ਉਹ | |
| Shona | iye | |
| Urdu | وہ |