Difference between revisions of "Language/Serbian/Grammar/Plurals"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
m (Quick edit)
Line 4: Line 4:
<div class="pg_page_title">Serbian Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Serbian Grammar - Plurals</div>


Learning the plural forms of Serbian nouns can be a daunting task, but with the right approach and some practice, you'll be able to master them in no time. In this lesson, we'll look at the rules for forming plurals in Serbian, as well as some examples to help you understand how they work.
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/serbian Serbian] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will cover the plural forms of nouns in the Serbian language. Understanding plurals is crucial for communicating effectively in Serbian, so let's get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Overview ==
== What are plurals? ==
 
Plurals are noun forms that represent more than one person, animal, object, or concept. In Serbian, words can be pluralized based on their gender and number.
In Serbian, there are two main ways to form plurals: by adding an ending to the singular form of the word, or by changing the stem of the word. The endings used depend on the gender of the noun, and the stem changes depend on the type of noun.  
 
 
== Gender ==
== Gender ==
The Serbian language has three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of a noun determines which form of an adjective, pronoun, or verb is used to modify or agree with it. In Serbian, the gender of a noun is usually recognizable from the word ending, but there are some exceptions.


In Serbian, nouns are divided into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of a noun affects the way it is declined in the plural.
Let's take a look at some examples:
 
=== Masculine ===
 
Masculine nouns form their plurals by adding the ending -i to the singular form. For example, the singular form of the word ''čovek'' (man) is ''čovek'', and the plural form is ''čoveci'' (men).
 
=== Feminine ===
 
Feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the ending -e to the singular form. For example, the singular form of the word ''žena'' (woman) is ''žena'', and the plural form is ''žene'' (women).
 
=== Neuter ===
 
Neuter nouns form their plurals by adding the ending -a to the singular form. For example, the singular form of the word ''dete'' (child) is ''dete'', and the plural form is ''deca'' (children).
 
== Stem Changes ==
 
In addition to the endings used to form plurals, some nouns also undergo stem changes in the plural. These stem changes depend on the type of noun.
 
=== Nouns Ending in -a ===


Nouns ending in -a form their plurals by changing the stem of the word. For example, the singular form of the word ''mesto'' (place) is ''mesto'', and the plural form is ''mesta'' (places).  
=== Masculine nouns ===
Masculine nouns in Serbian usually end in -a, -ar, -anin, etc. The plural ending for most of them is -i.


=== Nouns Ending in -o ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| pas || /pâs/ || dog
|-
| pas<i>ovi</i> || /pâsɔʋi/ || dogs
|-
| direktor || /dirèktor/ || director
|-
| direktor<i>i</i> || /dirèktɔri/ || directors
|-
| student || /stûdent/ || student
|-
| student<i>i</i> || /stûdenti/ || students
|}


Nouns ending in -o form their plurals by changing the stem of the word. For example, the singular form of the word ''jezero'' (lake) is ''jezero'', and the plural form is ''jezera'' (lakes).  
=== Feminine nouns ===
Feminine nouns in Serbian usually end in -a or -ija. The plural ending for most of them is -e.


=== Nouns Ending in -e ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| sestra || /sèstra/ || sister
|-
| sestr<i>e</i> || /sèstre/ || sisters
|-
| soba || /sɔ̀ba/ || room
|-
| sob<i>e</i> || /sɔ̀be/ || rooms
|-
| knjiga || /kɲîga/ || book
|-
| knjig<i>e</i> || /kɲîge/ || books
|}


Nouns ending in -e form their plurals by changing the stem of the word. For example, the singular form of the word ''drvo'' (tree) is ''drvo'', and the plural form is ''drveta'' (trees).  
=== Neuter nouns ===
Neuter nouns in Serbian usually end in -o or -e. The plural ending for most of them is -a.


== Examples ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| dete || /dète/ || child
|-
| dec<i>a</i> || /dètsa/ || children
|-
| drvo || /drvò/ || tree
|-
| drv<i>a</i> || /drvɔ/ || trees
|-
| žvakaća || /ʒvakâtʃa/ || chewing gum
|-
| žvakać<i>e</i> || /ʒvakâtʃe/ || chewing gums
|}


Here are some examples of nouns in the plural form:
== Number ==
In Serbian, there are two types of numbers: singular (one person, animal, object, or concept) and plural (more than one person, animal, object, or concept). The plural form is used for two or more items.


* ''čoveci'' (men)
Let's take a look at some examples:
* ''žene'' (women)
* ''deca'' (children)
* ''mesta'' (places)
* ''jezera'' (lakes)
* ''drveta'' (trees)


With practice and a bit of patience, you'll soon be able to form plurals in Serbian with ease. To learn more about the language, why not join the [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club] community? You'll find plenty of resources and people who are eager to help you on your language learning journey.
=== Singular ===
* Dobar dan. (Good day.)
* Jeste li čital<i>o</i> knjigu? (Have you read the book?)


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
=== Plural ===
* Dobre knjig<i>e</i>. (Good books.)
* Jeste li čital<i>i</i> knjig<i>e</i>? (Have you read the books?)


== Exceptions ==
Like in any other language, there are some exceptions to the rules. Some nouns have irregular plural forms that should be learned through practice and experience. For example:


{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| čovek || /tʃɔ̀vɛk/ || man
|-
| ljud<i>i</i> || /ʎûdi/ || people
|-
| ruka || /rùka/ || hand
|-
| ruk<i>e</i> || /ruːke/ || hands
|-
| oko || /òkɔ/ || eye
|-
| oč<i>i</i> || /òtʃi/ || eyes
|}


==Videos==
== Practice Dialogue ==
Here is a dialogue using plural forms of nouns:
* Person 1: Kolik<i>e</i> sestri imate? (How many sisters do you have?)
* Person 2: Imam dve sestr<i>e</i>. (I have two sisters.)
* Person 1: Gde idete?<br>(Where are you going?)
* Person 2: Idemo u prodavnic<i>e</i>. (We're going to the stores.)


===Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Genitive Plural of Nouns ...===
== Conclusion ==
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GRZpuPTBI</youtube>
In conclusion, understanding plural forms is crucial for communicating effectively in Serbian. Remember, masculine nouns end in -i, feminine nouns end in -e, and neuter nouns end in -a. There are some exceptions, so practice is essential. Keep practicing and using Serbian plural forms in context to improve your language skills.


If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


==Related Lessons==
== Sources ==
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_grammar Serbian grammar]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_language Serbian language]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Imperative-Tense|Imperative Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Serbian|Indefinite Articles in Serbian]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives|Comaratives and Superlatives]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Conditional-Tense|Conditional Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Serbian|Possessive Case in Serbian]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Past-Participle-in-Serbian|Past Participle in Serbian]]


{{Serbian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Serbian-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 22:20, 4 March 2023

Serbian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Serbian Grammar - Plurals

Hi Serbian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will cover the plural forms of nouns in the Serbian language. Understanding plurals is crucial for communicating effectively in Serbian, so let's get started!

What are plurals?

Plurals are noun forms that represent more than one person, animal, object, or concept. In Serbian, words can be pluralized based on their gender and number.

Gender

The Serbian language has three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of a noun determines which form of an adjective, pronoun, or verb is used to modify or agree with it. In Serbian, the gender of a noun is usually recognizable from the word ending, but there are some exceptions.

Let's take a look at some examples:

Masculine nouns

Masculine nouns in Serbian usually end in -a, -ar, -anin, etc. The plural ending for most of them is -i.

Serbian Pronunciation English
pas /pâs/ dog
pasovi /pâsɔʋi/ dogs
direktor /dirèktor/ director
direktori /dirèktɔri/ directors
student /stûdent/ student
studenti /stûdenti/ students

Feminine nouns

Feminine nouns in Serbian usually end in -a or -ija. The plural ending for most of them is -e.

Serbian Pronunciation English
sestra /sèstra/ sister
sestre /sèstre/ sisters
soba /sɔ̀ba/ room
sobe /sɔ̀be/ rooms
knjiga /kɲîga/ book
knjige /kɲîge/ books

Neuter nouns

Neuter nouns in Serbian usually end in -o or -e. The plural ending for most of them is -a.

Serbian Pronunciation English
dete /dète/ child
deca /dètsa/ children
drvo /drvò/ tree
drva /drvɔ/ trees
žvakaća /ʒvakâtʃa/ chewing gum
žvakaće /ʒvakâtʃe/ chewing gums

Number

In Serbian, there are two types of numbers: singular (one person, animal, object, or concept) and plural (more than one person, animal, object, or concept). The plural form is used for two or more items.

Let's take a look at some examples:

Singular

  • Dobar dan. (Good day.)
  • Jeste li čitalo knjigu? (Have you read the book?)

Plural

  • Dobre knjige. (Good books.)
  • Jeste li čitali knjige? (Have you read the books?)

Exceptions

Like in any other language, there are some exceptions to the rules. Some nouns have irregular plural forms that should be learned through practice and experience. For example:

Serbian Pronunciation English
čovek /tʃɔ̀vɛk/ man
ljudi /ʎûdi/ people
ruka /rùka/ hand
ruke /ruːke/ hands
oko /òkɔ/ eye
oči /òtʃi/ eyes

Practice Dialogue

Here is a dialogue using plural forms of nouns:

  • Person 1: Kolike sestri imate? (How many sisters do you have?)
  • Person 2: Imam dve sestre. (I have two sisters.)
  • Person 1: Gde idete?
    (Where are you going?)
  • Person 2: Idemo u prodavnice. (We're going to the stores.)

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding plural forms is crucial for communicating effectively in Serbian. Remember, masculine nouns end in -i, feminine nouns end in -e, and neuter nouns end in -a. There are some exceptions, so practice is essential. Keep practicing and using Serbian plural forms in context to improve your language skills.

If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Sources


Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Serbian/Grammar/Plurals&oldid=165749"