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➡ In today's lesson we will learn everything you need to know regarding the '''MALAY ALPHABET'''. | ➡ In today's lesson we will learn everything you need to know regarding the '''MALAY ALPHABET'''. | ||
Modern Indonesian and Malaysian Malay are written in the Latin alphabet. Indonesia and Malaysia unified their official spelling in 1972. | * Modern Indonesian and Malaysian Malay are written in the '''Latin''' alphabet. Indonesia and Malaysia unified their official spelling in 1972. | ||
* Before 1972, Classical Malay, in Indonesia as in Malaysia, was written in the Arabic alphabet. This writing is called '''jawi'''. | |||
Revision as of 17:53, 2 January 2022
The Malay Alphabet
Halo! Malay Learners! 😃
➡ In today's lesson we will learn everything you need to know regarding the MALAY ALPHABET.
- Modern Indonesian and Malaysian Malay are written in the Latin alphabet. Indonesia and Malaysia unified their official spelling in 1972.
- Before 1972, Classical Malay, in Indonesia as in Malaysia, was written in the Arabic alphabet. This writing is called jawi.
Happy learning!
Latin Alphabet (Tuliran Rumi)
Letters
| Letter | Name in IPA | IPA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesia | Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore | Indonesia | Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore | |
| A a | a (/a/) | e (/e/) | /a/ | |
| /a/ | /ə/ | |||
| B b | bé (/be/) | bi (/bi/) | /b/ | |
| C c | cé (/t͡ʃe/ or /se/) | si (/si/) | /t͡ʃ/ | |
| D d | dé (/de/) | di (/di/) | /d/ | |
| E e | é (/e/) | i (/i/) | /ə/ | |
| /e/ | ||||
| /ɪ/ | /e/ | |||
| /ɛ/ | ||||
| F f | éf (/ef/) | éf (/ef/) | /f/ | |
| G g | gé (/ge/) | ji (/d͡ʒi/) | /ɡ/ | |
| H h | ha (/ha/) | héc (/het͡ʃ/) | /h/ | |
| I i | i (/i/) | ai (/ai̯/) | /i/ | |
| /ɪ/ | /e/ | |||
| J j | jé (/d͡ʒe/) | jé (/d͡ʒe/) | /d͡ʒ/ | |
| K k | ka (/ka/) | ké (/ke/) | /k/ | |
| L l | él (/el/) | él (/el/) | /l/ | |
| M m | ém (/em/) | ém (/em/) | /m/ | |
| N n | én (/en/) | én (/en/) | /n/ | |
| O o | o (/o/) | o (/o/) | /o/ | |
| /ʊ/ | /o/ | |||
| /ɔ/ | ||||
| P p | pé (/pe/) | pi (/pi/) | /p/ | |
| Q q | ki (/ki/) | kiu (/kiu/ or /kju/) | /q/ ~ /k/ | |
| R r | ér (/er/) | ar (/ar/ or /a:/) | /r/ | |
| S s | és (/es/) | és (/es/) | /s/ | |
| T t | té (/te/) | ti (/ti/) | /t/ | |
| U u | u (/u/) | yu (/ju/) | /u/ | |
| /ʊ/ | /o/ | |||
| V v | vé (/ve/ or /fe/) | vi (/vi/) | /v/ ~ /f/ | |
| W w | wé (/we/) | dabel yu (/dabəlˈju/) | /w/ | |
| X x | éks (/eks/) | éks (/eks/) | /ks/ or /z/ | |
| Y y | yé (/je/) | wai (/wai̯/) | /j/ | |
| Z z | zét (/zet/) | zed (/zed/) | /z/ ~ /s/ | |
Digraphs
| Digraph | IPA | |
|---|---|---|
| Indonesia | Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore | |
| ai | /ai̯/ | |
| au | /au̯/ | |
| oi | /ʊi̯/ | /oi̯/ |
| gh | /ɣ/ ~ /x/ | |
| kh | /x/ | |
| ng | /ŋ/ | |
| ny | /ɲ/ | |
| sy | /ʃ/ | |
Arabic (Jawi)
| Isolated | Initial | Medial | Final | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ا | ـا | /a/ | ||
| ب | بـ | ـبـ | ـب | /b/ |
| ت | تـ | ـتـ | ـت | /t/ |
| ث | ثـ | ـثـ | ـث | /θ/ or /s/ |
| ج | جـ | ـجـ | ـج | /d͡ʒ/ |
| چ | چـ | ـچـ | ـچ | /t͡ʃ/ |
| ح | حـ | ـحـ | ـح | /ħ/ |
| خ | خـ | ـخـ | ـخ | /x/ |
| د | ـد | /d/ | ||
| ذ | ـذ | /ð/ or /z/ | ||
| ر | ـر | /r/ | ||
| ز | ـز | /z/ | ||
| س | سـ | ـسـ | ـس | /s/ |
| ش | شـ | ـشـ | ـش | /ʃ/ |
| ص | صـ | ـصـ | ـص | /s/ |
| ض | ضـ | ـضـ | ـض | /d/ |
| ط | طـ | ـطـ | ـط | /t/ |
| ظ | ظـ | ـظـ | ـظ | /z/ |
| ع | عـ | ـعـ | ـع | /ʔ/ |
| غ | غـ | ـغـ | ـغ | /ɣ/ |
| ڠ | ڠـ | ـڠـ | ـڠ | /ŋ/ |
| ف | فـ | ـفـ | ـف | /f/ |
| ڤ | ڤـ | ـڤـ | ـڤ | /p/ |
| ق | قـ | ـقـ | ـق | /ʔ/ and /q/ |
| ک | کـ | ـکـ | ـک | /k/ |
| ݢ | ڬـ | ـݢـ | ـݢ | /ɡ/ |
| ل | لـ | ـلـ | ـل | /l/ |
| م | مـ | ـمـ | ـم | /m/ |
| ن | نـ | ـنـ | ـن | /n/ |
| و | ـو | /w/ and /u, o, ɔ/ | ||
| ۏ | ـۏ | /v/ | ||
| ه | هـ | ـهـ | ـه | /h/ |
| ة | ـة | /t/ | ||
| ء | ء | /ʔ/ | ||
| ي | يـ | ـيـ | ـي | /j/ and /i, e, ɛ/ |
| ڽ | ڽـ | ـڽـ | ـڽ | /ɲ/ |
| ى | ـى | /ə, a/ |