Difference between revisions of "Language/Esperanto/Grammar/SUFFIXES"
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==Animate beings == | ==Animate beings == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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==Abstract nouns== | ==Abstract nouns== | ||
+ec (quality) bela = beautiful, beleco = | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ism (system) nacio = nation, naciismo = nationalism | |Esperanto Suffixe | ||
|Examples | |||
|- | |||
| +ec (quality) | |||
|bela = beautiful, beleco = beauty | |||
|- | |||
| +ism (system) | |||
|nacio = nation, naciismo = nationalism | |||
|} | |||
==Qualitatives== | ==Qualitatives== | ||
+ebl (able) manĝi = to eat, manĝebla = | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+em (tendency) doni = to give, donema = | |Esperanto Suffixe | ||
+ind (worthy) ridi = to laugh, ridinda = | |Examples | ||
+end (necessity) pagi = to pay, pagenda = due Verbs | |- | ||
+ig (cause) morti = to die, mortigi = to | | +ebl (able) | ||
+iĝ (become) ruĝa = red, ruĝiĝi = to | |manĝi = to eat, manĝebla = edible | ||
|- | |||
| +em (tendency) | |||
|doni = to give, donema = generous | |||
|- | |||
| +ind (worthy) | |||
|ridi = to laugh, ridinda = laughable | |||
|- | |||
| +end (necessity) | |||
|pagi = to pay, pagenda = due Verbs | |||
|- | |||
| +ig (cause) | |||
|morti = to die, mortigi = to kill | |||
|- | |||
| +iĝ (become) | |||
|ruĝa = red, ruĝiĝi = to blush | |||
|} | |||
=Universal suffixes= | |||
= | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|Esperanto Suffixe | |||
|Examples | |||
+et (small) domo = house, dometo = | |- | ||
+eg (big) domego = | | +et (small) | ||
+aĉ (pejorative) domaĉo = a | |domo = house, dometo =cottage | ||
+ad (continuous) paroli = speak, parolado = a | |- | ||
+um (general) akvo = water, akvumi = to water | | +eg (big) | ||
|domego = mansion | |||
|- | |||
| +aĉ (pejorative) | |||
|domaĉo = a hovel | |||
|- | |||
| +ad (continuous) | |||
|paroli = speak, parolado = a speech | |||
|- | |||
| +um (general) | |||
|akvo = water, akvumi = to water | |||
|} | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
http://esperanto.bretonio.free.fr/dokumentoj/pakeo-en3.pdf | http://esperanto.bretonio.free.fr/dokumentoj/pakeo-en3.pdf | ||
Revision as of 10:12, 1 October 2021
SUFFIXES in Esperanto
Letters between the root and the ending of the word:
Animate beings
| Esperanto Suffixe | Examples |
|---|---|
| +ul (individual) | juna = young, junulo = a youth |
| +an (member) | urbo = city, urbano = citizen |
| +ist (profession) | baki = to bake, bakisto = baker |
| +in (feminine) | patro = father, patrino = mother |
| +id (offspring) | koko = rooster, kokido = chicken |
| +estr (head) | urbo = city, urbestro = mayor |
Inanimate things
| Esperanto Suffixe | Examples |
|---|---|
| +aĵ (thing) | trinki = to drink, trinkaĵo = beverage |
| +il (tool) | tranĉi = cut, tranĉilo = knife |
| +ar (group) | arbo = tree, arbaro = wood |
| +er (particle) | neĝo = snow, neĝero = flake |
| +ej (place) | kafo = coffee, kafejo = café |
| +uj (receptacle) | supo = soup,supujo=souptureen |
| +ing ( holder) | kandelo = candle, kandelingo = candle holder |
Abstract nouns
| Esperanto Suffixe | Examples |
| +ec (quality) | bela = beautiful, beleco = beauty |
| +ism (system) | nacio = nation, naciismo = nationalism |
Qualitatives
| Esperanto Suffixe | Examples |
| +ebl (able) | manĝi = to eat, manĝebla = edible |
| +em (tendency) | doni = to give, donema = generous |
| +ind (worthy) | ridi = to laugh, ridinda = laughable |
| +end (necessity) | pagi = to pay, pagenda = due Verbs |
| +ig (cause) | morti = to die, mortigi = to kill |
| +iĝ (become) | ruĝa = red, ruĝiĝi = to blush |
Universal suffixes
| Esperanto Suffixe | Examples |
| +et (small) | domo = house, dometo =cottage |
| +eg (big) | domego = mansion |
| +aĉ (pejorative) | domaĉo = a hovel |
| +ad (continuous) | paroli = speak, parolado = a speech |
| +um (general) | akvo = water, akvumi = to water |