Difference between revisions of "Language/Esperanto/Grammar/Prefixe-MAL—-and-Suffixe-—IN"
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One of these suffixes is -IN. When you put it behind a noun (first drop the -O, then add the suffix, then add an -O again because it's a noun), it indicates that it's the feminine form of the word. In other words: it forms the female equivalent of persons and animals. | One of these suffixes is -IN. When you put it behind a noun (first drop the -O, then add the suffix, then add an -O again because it's a noun), it indicates that it's the feminine form of the word. In other words: it forms the female equivalent of persons and animals. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|Esperanto | |||
|English | |||
|- | |||
|la patro | |||
| the father | |||
|- | |||
| la patr'''in'''o | |||
| the mother | |||
|- | |||
| la frato | |||
| the brother | |||
|- | |||
| la frat'''in'''o | |||
| the sister | |||
|- | |||
| la azeno | |||
| the donkey | |||
|- | |||
| la azen'''in'''o | |||
| the female donkey | |||
|- | |||
| la heroo | |||
| the hero | |||
|- | |||
| la hero'''in'''o | |||
| the heroine | |||
|- | |||
| la viro | |||
| the man | |||
|- | |||
| la vir'''in'''o | |||
| the woman | |||
|} | |||
== MAL-== | == MAL-== | ||
The prefix MAL- is used to express the opposite of a word. Just paste it in front of the word. | The prefix MAL- is used to express the opposite of a word. Just paste it in front of the word. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|Esperanto | |||
|English | |||
|- | |||
|Kontenta | |||
| happy/satisfied | |||
|- | |||
| '''mal'''kontenta | |||
| unhappy/dissatisfied | |||
|- | |||
| bona | |||
| good | |||
|- | |||
| '''mal'''bona | |||
| bad | |||
|- | |||
| la amo | |||
| the love | |||
|- | |||
| la '''mal'''amo | |||
| the hatred | |||
|- | |||
| la amiko | |||
| the friend | |||
|- | |||
| la '''mal'''amiko | |||
| the enemy | |||
|- | |||
| longa | |||
| long | |||
|- | |||
| '''mal'''longa | |||
| short | |||
|} | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
https://unilang.org/course.php?res=64 | https://unilang.org/course.php?res=64 | ||
Revision as of 21:34, 30 September 2021
Prefixes and Suffixes in Esperanto
The Esperanto language uses a number of prefixes and suffixes to give certain words another meaning.
-IN
One of these suffixes is -IN. When you put it behind a noun (first drop the -O, then add the suffix, then add an -O again because it's a noun), it indicates that it's the feminine form of the word. In other words: it forms the female equivalent of persons and animals.
| Esperanto | English |
| la patro | the father |
| la patrino | the mother |
| la frato | the brother |
| la fratino | the sister |
| la azeno | the donkey |
| la azenino | the female donkey |
| la heroo | the hero |
| la heroino | the heroine |
| la viro | the man |
| la virino | the woman |
MAL-
The prefix MAL- is used to express the opposite of a word. Just paste it in front of the word.
| Esperanto | English |
| Kontenta | happy/satisfied |
| malkontenta | unhappy/dissatisfied |
| bona | good |
| malbona | bad |
| la amo | the love |
| la malamo | the hatred |
| la amiko | the friend |
| la malamiko | the enemy |
| longa | long |
| mallonga | short |