Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Common-Han-Characters:-四-Wiktionary"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "{{Common-Han-Characters}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !character !English zh [ld:sounds ls:tags,s:zh-pron] !English zh [ld:senses ls:glosses] !English ja [ld:head_templates s:expansion] !English ja [ld:senses ls:glosses] !English ko [ld:head_templates s:expansion] !English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses] !English vi [ld:head_templates s:expansion] !character |- |万 |Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ |O...")
 
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 4: Line 4:
|-
|-
!character
!character
!English zh [s:etymology_text]
!English zh [ld:sounds ls:tags,s:zh-pron]
!English zh [ld:sounds ls:tags,s:zh-pron]
!English zh [ld:senses ls:glosses]
!English zh [ld:senses ls:glosses]
Line 11: Line 12:
!English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses]
!English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses]
!English vi [ld:head_templates s:expansion]
!English vi [ld:head_templates s:expansion]
!English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses]
!character
!character
|-
|-
|万
|万
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mok
|Only used in 万俟 (Mòqí).
|Only used in 万俟 (Mòqí).
| ‖ 万(まん) • (man) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban-) ‖ 万(よろず) • (yorozu) ^(←よろづ (yorodu)?)
| ‖ 万(まん) • (man) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban-) ‖ 万(よろず) • (yorozu) ^(←よろづ (yorodu)?)
Line 20: Line 23:
|万 (eumhun 일 만 (il man))
|万 (eumhun 일 만 (il man))
|Alternative form of 萬.
|Alternative form of 萬.
|canonical : 万: Hán Việt readings: vạn • canonical : mặc 万: Nôm readings: vàn • canonical : vạn • canonical : muôn
|Alternative form of 萬.
|Alternative form of 萬.
|万
|万
|-
|-
|与
|与
|
|
|
|
|
Line 29: Line 34:
|bestow, impart, award, grant, give • participate in • provide • cause • gift • godsend
|bestow, impart, award, grant, give • participate in • provide • cause • gift • godsend
|与 (eumhun 줄 여 (jul yeo))
|与 (eumhun 줄 여 (jul yeo))
|Alternative form of 與 (“Hanja form of 여 (“give; participate”).”)
|Alternative form of 與 (“hanja form of 여 (“give; participate”)”)
|Hán-Nôm : dữ • Hán-Nôm : dự • Hán-Nôm : đử
|
|
|与
|与
|-
|-
|丕
|丕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰrɯ) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 一 ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰrɯ) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 一
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phi • Middle-Chinese : phij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ
|large; grand • to act on; to follow • A particle. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 不 • Used in 可丕丕 (“heart beating”).
|large; grand • to act on; to follow • A particle. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 不 • Used in 可丕丕 (“heart beating”).
|
|
|large; grand
|large; grand
|丕 (eumhun 클 비 (keul bi))
|丕 (eumhun 클 비 (keul bi))
|Hanja form of 비 (“large; grand”).
|hanja form of 비 (“large; grand”)
|canonical : 丕: Hán Việt readings: phi 丕: Nôm readings: vầy • canonical : vậy • canonical : phỉ • canonical : bậy • canonical : phơi • canonical : chăng • canonical : chẳng • canonical : phi
|chữ Hán form of phi (“large; grand”). • Nôm form of vầy (“such; like this”). • Nôm form of vậy (“so; thus”).
|chữ Hán form of phi (“large; grand”). • Nôm form of vầy (“such; like this”). • Nôm form of vậy (“so; thus”).
|丕
|丕
|-
|-
|丞
|丞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing²
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 卩 (“kneeling person”) + 廾 (“both hands”) + 凵 (“hole”) – to rescue a person from a hole. Compare 承. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part; rise; raise”). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 卩 (“kneeling person”) + 廾 (“both hands”) + 凵 (“hole”) – to rescue a person from a hole. Compare 承. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part; rise; raise”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîng • Middle-Chinese : dzying • Middle-Chinese : dzyingH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing²
|to assist, to aid • (archaic) a low-level assistant to the governor of a county • Alternative form of 承 • a surname ‖ Original form of 拯 (zhěng, “to rescue”).
|to assist, to aid • (archaic) a low-level assistant to the governor of a county • Alternative form of 承 • a surname ‖ Original form of 拯 (zhěng, “to rescue”).
|
|
|to help, to rescue
|to help, to rescue
|丞 (eumhun 도울 승 (doul seung)) ‖ 丞 (eumhun 구원할 증 (guwonhal jeung))
|丞 (eumhun 도울 승 (doul seung)) ‖ 丞 (eumhun 구원할 증 (guwonhal jeung))
|(archaic) Hanja form of 승 (“help”). ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 拯 (“Hanja form of 증 (“help”).”)
|(archaic) hanja form of 승 (“help”) ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 拯 (“hanja form of 증 (“help”)”)
|canonical : 丞: Hán Việt readings: thừa 丞: Hán Nôm readings: thừa • canonical : chẳng
|
|
|丞
|丞
|-
|-
|丟
|丟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiu
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 一 (“one (item)”) + 去 (“to go; to remove”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiu
|to lose; to misplace • to be missing; to be lost • to throw; to cast; to toss; to discard • to put aside; to dismiss • (archaic) to orgasm; to cum
|to lose; to misplace • to be missing; to be lost • to throw; to cast; to toss; to discard • to put aside; to dismiss • (archaic) to orgasm; to cum
|
|
|to discard, to lose, to reject
|to discard, to lose, to reject
|丟 (eumhun 아주 갈 주 (aju gal ju))
|丟 (eumhun 아주 갈 주 (aju gal ju))
|
|
|
|
|
|丟
|丟
|-
|丢
|
|
|
|
|
|
|chữ Hán form of đâu (“(alternative form of 丟) lost, misplaced”). • Nôm form of đâu (“where, not, negation marker”).
|丢
|-
|-
|么
|么
|Variant of 幺. ‖ Simplified from 麽 (elimination of 麻). Officially adopted as the simplified form of 麽 in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 79: Line 82:
|
|
|么 • (yo) · 么 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)
|么 • (yo) · 么 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 84: Line 88:
|-
|-
|乩
|乩
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹
|method of divination involving planchette writing • Alternative form of 稽 (“to divine”)
|method of divination involving planchette writing • Alternative form of 稽 (“to divine”)
Line 89: Line 94:
|to divine; alternative form of 卟 or 稽.
|to divine; alternative form of 卟 or 稽.
|乩 • (gye) · 乩 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye)
|乩 • (gye) · 乩 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 94: Line 100:
|-
|-
|乱
|乱
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 乱(らん) • (ran)
| ‖ 乱(らん) • (ran)
|chaos, disorder • disorderly ‖ chaos, disorder • revolt, rebellion
|chaos, disorder • disorderly ‖ chaos, disorder • revolt, rebellion
|
|
|
|
|
Line 104: Line 112:
|-
|-
|争
|争
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|conflict; quarrel
|conflict; quarrel
|
|
|
|
|
Line 114: Line 124:
|-
|-
|亙
|亙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 二 + 月 (“moon”). \ Possibly also the original form of 恆.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn • Middle-Chinese : kongH
|(of space or time) to extend all the way; to stretch • ^† continuous; complete • ^† completely; thoroughly • a surname
|(of space or time) to extend all the way; to stretch • ^† continuous; complete • ^† completely; thoroughly • a surname
|
|
Line 120: Line 131:
|亙 (eum 긍 (geung))
|亙 (eum 긍 (geung))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cẳng • Hán-Nôm : cắng • Hán-Nôm : cứng • Hán-Nôm : gắng • Hán-Nôm : hẵng
|
|
|亙
|亙
|-
|-
|亟
|亟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³
|Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 人 + semantic 二, with 口 and 攴 (later simplified to 又) later added. ‖ Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 人 + semantic 二, with 口 and 攴 (later simplified to 又) later added.
|urgently • urgent; pressing ‖ repeatedly; frequently
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ • Middle-Chinese : kik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : khiH
|urgently • urgent; pressing ‖ (literary) repeatedly; frequently
|
|
|sudden
|sudden
|亟 • (geuk, gi) · 亟 • (geuk, gi) (hangeul 극, 기, revised geuk, gi, McCune–Reischauer kŭk, ki, Yale kuk, ki)
|亟 • (geuk, gi) · 亟 • (geuk, gi) (hangeul 극, 기, revised geuk, gi, McCune–Reischauer kŭk, ki, Yale kuk, ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cấc • Hán-Nôm : cức • Hán-Nôm : cực
|
|
|亟
|亟
|-
|-
|仃
|仃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Middle-Chinese : teng
|Only used in 伶仃 (língdīng) and 仃伶.
|Only used in 伶仃 (língdīng) and 仃伶.
|
|
Line 140: Line 155:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đừng • Hán-Nôm : đần • Hán-Nôm : đành • Hán-Nôm : đình • Hán-Nôm : đứa • Hán-Nôm : dừng • Hán-Nôm : đinh
|
|
|仃
|仃
|-
|-
|仄
|仄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tseh ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 厂 (“cliff”) + phonetic 夨 (OC *ʔsrɯɡ, “man with crooked head”) – "oblique, slanted" ‖ From English cheque.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tseh • Middle-Chinese : tsrik ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek¹
|slanting; oblique • narrow • uneasy; worried • oblique tone • Alternative form of 側／侧 (“side”) • (dialectal) to raise (cause to rise) • (loanword, Mainland China) zepto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ (Cantonese, dated) cheque
|slanting; oblique • narrow • uneasy; worried • oblique tone • Alternative form of 側／侧 (“side”) • (dialectal) to raise (cause to rise) • (loanword, Mainland China) zepto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ (Cantonese, dated) cheque
|
|
Line 150: Line 167:
|仄 (eum 측 (cheuk))
|仄 (eum 측 (cheuk))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trắc
|(linguistics, poetry, of a tone) being neither the ngang or huyền tone • (poetry, of a rhyme) carrying a trắc tone
|(linguistics, poetry, of a tone) being neither the ngang or huyền tone • (poetry, of a rhyme) carrying a trắc tone
|仄
|仄
|-
|-
|仞
|仞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nyinH
|(historical) a unit of measure, which had been defined to be 8 chi, 7 chi, 5 chi 6 cun, and 4 chi • to fathom; to measure depth or height • Alternative form of 刃 (rèn, “blade; sword; knife”) • Alternative form of 牣 (rèn, “to fill; full”) • Alternative form of 認／认 (rèn, “to recognize”) • Alternative form of 忍 (rěn, “to endure”) • Alternative form of 韌／韧 (rèn, “strong, tough”) • (historical) a place in Chu during the Spring and Autumn period
|(historical) a unit of measure, which had been defined to be 8 chi, 7 chi, 5 chi 6 cun, and 4 chi • to fathom; to measure depth or height • Alternative form of 刃 (rèn, “blade; sword; knife”) • Alternative form of 牣 (rèn, “to fill; full”) • Alternative form of 認／认 (rèn, “to recognize”) • Alternative form of 忍 (rěn, “to endure”) • Alternative form of 韌／韧 (rèn, “strong, tough”) • (historical) a place in Chu during the Spring and Autumn period
| ‖ 仞(じん) • (jin)
| ‖ 仞(じん) • (jin)
Line 160: Line 179:
|仞 (eum 인 (in))
|仞 (eum 인 (in))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhẩn • Hán-Nôm : nhận
|
|
|仞
|仞
|-
|-
|仟
|仟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshing • Middle-Chinese : tshen
|(historical) leader of one thousand men • (financial) Alternative form of 千 (“thousand”) • Alternative form of 阡 (“footpath between fields going north/south”) • Alternative form of 芊 (“lush (vegetation)”)
|(historical) leader of one thousand men • (financial) Alternative form of 千 (“thousand”) • Alternative form of 阡 (“footpath between fields going north/south”) • Alternative form of 芊 (“lush (vegetation)”)
| ‖ 仟(せん) • (sen)
| ‖ 仟(せん) • (sen)
| ‖ (financial, archaic) thousand
| ‖ (financial, archaic) thousand
|仟 • (cheon) · 仟 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn)
|仟 • (cheon) · 仟 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 174: Line 196:
|-
|-
|仳
|仳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Middle-Chinese : phjieX • Middle-Chinese : bijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjij
|(literary) to part; to leave each other • to distinguish; to tell apart • Alternative form of 比 ‖ Only used in 仳倠.
|(literary) to part; to leave each other • to distinguish; to tell apart • Alternative form of 比 ‖ Only used in 仳倠.
|
|
Line 180: Line 203:
|仳 (eum 비 (bi))
|仳 (eum 비 (bi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tị
|
|
|仳
|仳
|-
|-
|伉
|伉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : khangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ
|(literary) to match; to be equal to • (literary) tall; strong • high; tall • upright • arrogant; haughty • (Wenzhounese) and • Alternative form of 抗 (kàng, “to resist”) • a surname ‖ upright ‖ (historical) A person's name.
|(literary) to match; to be equal to • (literary) tall; strong • high; tall • upright • arrogant; haughty • (Wenzhounese) and • Alternative form of 抗 (kàng, “to resist”) • a surname ‖ upright ‖ (historical) A person's name.
|
|
|
|
|伉 • (hang) · 伉 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang)
|伉 • (hang) · 伉 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 194: Line 220:
|-
|-
|伕
|伕
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|Alternative form of 夫 (“husband”) • Alternative form of 夫 (“common laborer”)
|Alternative form of 夫 (“husband”) • Alternative form of 夫 (“common laborer”)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 204: Line 232:
|-
|-
|会
|会
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 会(かい) • (kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(かい) • (-kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(え) • (e) ^(←ゑ (we)?)
| ‖ 会(かい) • (kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(かい) • (-kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(え) • (e) ^(←ゑ (we)?)
| ‖ meeting, gathering • society, association, club ‖ meeting • party; function ‖ gathering; meeting • perceive; understand; comprehend • Alternative form of 絵 (e, “picture; drawing; painting”)
| ‖ meeting, gathering • society, association, club ‖ meeting • party; function ‖ gathering; meeting • perceive; understand; comprehend • Alternative form of 絵 (e, “picture; drawing; painting”)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 214: Line 244:
|-
|-
|伽
|伽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ke⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ke⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gja ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹
|Original form of 茄 (qié). • Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. • Short for 伽利略 (jiālìlüè, “galileo (unit)”).
|Original form of 茄 (qié). • Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. • Short for 伽利略 (jiālìlüè, “galileo (unit)”).
| ‖ 伽(とぎ) • (togi)
| ‖ 伽(とぎ) • (togi)
|nursing • attending • entertainer ‖ relieving one of boredom with a story; also, such a person • attending one in their bedroom; also, such a person • nursing or taking care of a person; also, such a person
|nursing • attending • entertainer • used for transliterating Sanskrit ‖ relieving one of boredom with a story; also, such a person • attending one in their bedroom; also, such a person • nursing or taking care of a person; also, such a person
|伽 (eumhun 절 가 (jeol ga))
|伽 (eumhun 절 가 (jeol ga))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : già • Hán-Nôm : giả • Hán-Nôm : gia • Hán-Nôm : nhà
|
|
|伽
|伽
|-
|-
|佇
|佇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daʔ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 宁 (OC *da, *daʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ta-t (“to put; to place”). Cognate with 著 (OC *tas, *taɡ, *daɡ), 署 (OC *djas) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ • Middle-Chinese : drjoX
|(literary) to stand (for a long time) • to stop; to stay (for a long time) • to wait; to hope for; to look forward to • to store; to accumulate • (Hokkien) to be at; to be in; to be located • (Hokkien) (located) in; at • (Hokkien) during; in
|(literary) to stand (for a long time) • to stop; to stay (for a long time) • to wait; to hope for; to look forward to • to store; to accumulate • (Hokkien) to be at; to be in; to be located • (Hokkien) (located) in; at • (Hokkien) during; in
|
|
Line 230: Line 263:
|佇 (eumhun 우두커니 설 저 (udukeoni seol jeo))
|佇 (eumhun 우두커니 설 저 (udukeoni seol jeo))
|to stand (for a while) • to stay • to wait for • to store; to accumulate
|to stand (for a while) • to stay • to wait for • to store; to accumulate
|Hán-Nôm : giữ • Hán-Nôm : trữ
|
|
|佇
|佇
|-
|-
|体
|体
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːnʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ). ‖
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban⁶ • Middle-Chinese : bwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ
| ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”) • Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”). ‖ ^‡ name of prison
| ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”) • Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”). ‖ ^‡ name of prison
| ‖ 体(たい) • (-tai) ‖ 体(たい) • (tai) ‖ 体(てい) • (tei)
| ‖ 体(たい) • (-tai) ‖ 体(たい) • (tai) ‖ 体(てい) • (tei)
| ‖ counter for humanoid objects ‖ the body (e.g., of a human or animal) • the body (e.g., of a human or animal) · (particularly) the torso excluding the limbs: the trunk, abdomen • a substance, matter • a form, shape • (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements) ‖ an outward appearance, look, aspect
| ‖ counter for humanoid objects ‖ the body (e.g., of a human or animal) • the body (e.g., of a human or animal) · (particularly) the torso excluding the limbs: the trunk, abdomen • a substance, matter • a form, shape • (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements) ‖ an outward appearance, look, aspect
|体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che)) ‖ 体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))
|体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che)) ‖ 体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))
|Alternative form of 體 (“Hanja form of 체 (“body”).”) ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (“Hanja form of 분 (“mediocre; rough”).”)
|Alternative form of 體 (“hanja form of 체 (“body”)”) ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (“hanja form of 분 (“mediocre; rough”)”)
|Hán-Nôm : thể ‖ Hán-Nôm : thấy
|body ‖ Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)
|body ‖ Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)
|体
|体
|-
|-
|佔
|佔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Middle-Chinese : tem
|to occupy; to possess ‖ Alternative form of 覘／觇 (“to peep; to look”) ‖ to whisper • Alternative form of 襜 (chān) ‖ Only used in 佔侸.
|to occupy; to possess ‖ Alternative form of 覘／觇 (“to peep; to look”) ‖ to whisper • Alternative form of 襜 (chān) ‖ Only used in 佔侸.
|
|
Line 250: Line 287:
|佔 (eum 점 (jeom))
|佔 (eum 점 (jeom))
|occupy • seize • take
|occupy • seize • take
|Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : chiếm
|
|
|佔
|佔
|-
|-
|佗
|佗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tá ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : toh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tio̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). ‖  ‖ Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002): \ * tai → ta (→ taʔ); \ * tue → to (→ toʔ). \ For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo). ‖ Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002): \ * tai → ta (→ taʔ); \ * tue → to (→ toʔ). \ For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ • Middle-Chinese : tha ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tá ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : toh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tio̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ
|Alternative form of 馱／驮 (“to carry on one's back”) ‖ Alternative form of 他 • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) which ‖ (Hokkien) where ‖ to add; to impute ‖ Only used in 委佗, alternative form of 委蛇 (wēiyí)
|Alternative form of 馱／驮 (“to carry on one's back”) ‖ Alternative form of 他 • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) which ‖ (Hokkien) where ‖ to add; to impute ‖ Only used in 委佗, alternative form of 委蛇 (wēiyí)
|
|
Line 260: Line 299:
|佗 (eum 타 (ta))
|佗 (eum 타 (ta))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đà
|
|
|佗
|佗
|-
|-
|佝
|佝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Middle-Chinese : xuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ
|Used in 佝僂／佝偻 (gōulóu). ‖ Only used in 佝瞀. ‖ Alternative form of 拘 (jū)
|Used in 佝僂／佝偻 (gōulóu). ‖ Only used in 佝瞀. ‖ Alternative form of 拘 (jū)
|
|
|
|
|佝 • (gu) · 佝 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|佝 • (gu) · 佝 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 274: Line 316:
|-
|-
|佞
|佞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *neːŋs) : phonetic 仁 (OC *njin) + semantic 女.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nengH
|eloquent • to flatter; to be good at flattery • flatterer • evil; wicked; crafty • hypocritical; hypocrisy • to feel dizzy • talent (usually in the humble expression 不佞 (bùnìng))
|eloquent • to flatter; to be good at flattery • flatterer • evil; wicked; crafty • hypocritical; hypocrisy • to feel dizzy • talent (usually in the humble expression 不佞 (bùnìng))
|
|
Line 280: Line 323:
|佞 (eum 녕 (nyeong))
|佞 (eum 녕 (nyeong))
|flattery • glib
|flattery • glib
|Hán-Nôm : nịnh • Hán-Nôm : nạnh • Hán-Nôm : nến • Hán-Nôm : nính
|
|
|佞
|佞
|-
|-
|佬
|佬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou² • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 (“man; person”) + phonetic 老 (OC *ruːʔ). \ Found in certain southern dialects (chiefly Cantonese) as the colloquial word for “man” (for example, in the term 肥佬). Probably related to Zhuang raeuz ~ laeuz (“we; also a demonym: Rau peoples”), a widespread Tai word meaning “we; people” (Proto-Tai *rawᴬ). \ First attested in 1678 in the following passage from Guangdong Xinyu: \ 廣州謂平人曰佬，亦曰獠，賤稱也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]广州谓平人曰佬，亦曰獠，贱称也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.] \ Guǎngzhōu wèi píngrén yuē lǎo, yì yuē liáo, jiànchēng yě. [Pinyin] \ People in Guangzhou call “common people” lau or leu (derogatory). \ Also compare Proto-Hmong *ʔljuwᴮ (“male”) (White Hmong lau (“male”)), Proto-Katuic *-law (“man”), as well as Lao ລາວ (lāo, “Lao < people”), Thai ลาว (laao). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇㄦ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu
|(chiefly Cantonese, dialectal Wu, often slightly derogatory) (adult) man; guy; fellow; chap (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ Only used in 侾佬 (“large”). ‖ (Southern Min) to cheat; to swindle
|(chiefly Cantonese, dialectal Wu, often slightly derogatory) (adult) man; guy; fellow; chap (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ Only used in 侾佬 (“large”). ‖ (Southern Min) to cheat; to swindle
|
|
Line 290: Line 335:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lão
|
|
|佬
|佬
|-
|-
|佯
|佯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tènn
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yang • Middle-Chinese : dzjang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tènn
|to pretend; to feign • Used in 佯佯. • Used in 倘佯 (chángyáng). • Used in 儴佯 (xiāngyáng) and 翔佯 (xiángyáng). • Used in 仿佯. ‖ (Southern Min) to pretend; to feign
|to pretend; to feign • Used in 佯佯. • Used in 倘佯 (chángyáng). • Used in 儴佯 (xiāngyáng) and 翔佯 (xiángyáng). • Used in 仿佯. ‖ (Southern Min) to pretend; to feign
|
|
|Lie, deceive, show a false appearance.
|Lie, deceive, show a false appearance.
|佯 • (yang) · 佯 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang)
|佯 • (yang) · 佯 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 304: Line 352:
|-
|-
|佰
|佰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pah ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mbraːɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 百 (OC *praːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mbraːɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 百 (OC *praːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pah ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek
|(financial) Alternative form of 百 (“hundred”) • (archaic) troop of 100 soldiers, or a leader of such unit, centurion ‖ Alternative form of 陌
|(financial) Alternative form of 百 (“hundred”) • (archaic) troop of 100 soldiers, or a leader of such unit, centurion ‖ Alternative form of 陌
| ‖ 佰(はく) • (haku)
| ‖ 佰(はく) • (haku)
Line 310: Line 359:
|佰 (eum 백 (baek))
|佰 (eum 백 (baek))
|(백 사람 어른 백, baek-saram-eoreun-): centurion • (일백 백, il-baek-): hundred
|(백 사람 어른 백, baek-saram-eoreun-): centurion • (일백 백, il-baek-): hundred
|Hán-Nôm : bách
|
|
|佰
|佰
|-
|-
|佻
|佻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu¹ • Middle-Chinese : thew • Middle-Chinese : dew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ
|frivolous • to steal • Alternative form of 挑 ‖ (walking) alone • graceful; elegant ‖ light; quick ‖ to hang; to suspend • far ‖ to delay ‖ arrogant ‖ Alternative form of 肇
|frivolous • to steal • Alternative form of 挑 ‖ (walking) alone • graceful; elegant ‖ light; quick ‖ to hang; to suspend • far ‖ to delay ‖ arrogant ‖ Alternative form of 肇
|
|
Line 320: Line 371:
|佻 (eum 조 (jo))
|佻 (eum 조 (jo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điêu • Hán-Nôm : đào • Hán-Nôm : diêu
|
|
|佻
|佻
|-
|-
|侃
|侃
| ‖ From 侃大山.
| ‖  
| ‖  
|(literary) upright; outspoken; straightforward • (literary) harmonious and happy; congenial • to boast; to tease ‖ (colloquial) to chatter idly • (dialectal) to chat
|(literary) upright; outspoken; straightforward • (literary) harmonious and happy; congenial • to boast; to tease ‖ (colloquial) to chatter idly • (dialectal) to chat
Line 329: Line 382:
|
|
|侃 • (gan) · 侃 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)
|侃 • (gan) · 侃 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 334: Line 388:
|-
|-
|侏
|侏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjo) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjo) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsyu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡ
|Used in 侏儒 (zhūrú). ‖ Used in 侏張／侏张.
|Used in 侏儒 (zhūrú). ‖ Used in 侏張／侏张.
|
|
Line 340: Line 395:
|侏 (eum 주 (ju))
|侏 (eum 주 (ju))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thù
|
|
|侏
|侏
|-
|-
|侖
|侖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亼 + 冊 (“book”). The component 亼 can be interpreted as either "gather" ("to gather books" therefore "order") or as a downward mouth ("reading words as they're written" therefore "order").
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Middle-Chinese : lwin
|Alternative form of 倫／伦 (“reason; order”)
|Alternative form of 倫／伦 (“reason; order”)
|
|
Line 350: Line 407:
|侖 • (ryun>yun) · 侖 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun)
|侖 • (ryun>yun) · 侖 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lỏn • Hán-Nôm : lốn • Hán-Nôm : lổn • Hán-Nôm : lôn • Hán-Nôm : lủn • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : lũn • Hán-Nôm : lụm • Hán-Nôm : lụn • Hán-Nôm : trôn
|
|
|侖
|侖
|-
|-
|俎
|俎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo
|Pictogram (象形) – sacrificial altar for meat. The altar's legs are on the left and the vessel is on the right.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsrjoX
|(historical) sacrificial altar; stand or vessel for meat and food sacrifice • (literary) chopping board; chopping block • a surname
|(historical) sacrificial altar; stand or vessel for meat and food sacrifice • (literary) chopping board; chopping block • a surname
| ‖ 俎(そ) • (so)
| ‖ 俎(そ) • (so)
| ‖ sacrificial altar • cutting board; a chopping board
| ‖ sacrificial altar • cutting board; a chopping board
|俎 • (jo) · 俎 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho)
|俎 • (jo) · 俎 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 364: Line 424:
|-
|-
|俑
|俑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Middle-Chinese : thuwng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|tomb figurine
|tomb figurine
| ‖ 俑(よう) • (yō)
| ‖ 俑(よう) • (yō)
Line 370: Line 431:
|俑 (eum 용 (yong))
|俑 (eum 용 (yong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : dũng
|
|
|俑
|俑
|-
|-
|俚
|俚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). \ ; folk, popular \ ; ethnic groups living in southern China ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Middle-Chinese : liX ‖  
|(obsolete) to rely on • (literary) rustic; vulgar; unpolished • folk; popular • (historical) general name for non-Han ethnic groups living in southern China ‖ (Suzhounese) he; she
|(obsolete) to rely on • (literary) rustic; vulgar; unpolished • folk; popular • (historical) general name for non-Han ethnic groups living in southern China ‖ (Suzhounese) he; she
|
|
Line 380: Line 443:
|俚 (eum 리 (ri))
|俚 (eum 리 (ri))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lái • Hán-Nôm : lia • Hán-Nôm : lí
|
|
|俚
|俚
|-
|-
|俞
|俞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ
|In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : yu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau³ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ
|to approve; to consent • yes • to reply; to respond • (literary) satisfied; at ease • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 腧 (“acupoint”) ‖ a surname ‖ Alternative form of 愈 (yù, “even more”) • Alternative form of 癒／愈 (yù, “to recover”) ‖ Used in 俞兒／俞儿.
|to approve; to consent • yes • to reply; to respond • (literary) satisfied; at ease • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 腧 (“acupoint”) ‖ a surname ‖ Alternative form of 愈 (yù, “even more”) • Alternative form of 癒／愈 (yù, “to recover”) ‖ Used in 俞兒／俞儿.
|
|
Line 390: Line 455:
|俞 (eum 유 (yu))
|俞 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũ
|
|
|俞
|俞
|-
|-
|俟
|俟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zriX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gj+j
|to wait ‖ Used in 万俟 (Mòqí).
|to wait ‖ Used in 万俟 (Mòqí).
|
|
|
|
|俟 • (sa, gi) · 俟 • (sa, gi) (hangeul 사, 기, revised sa, gi, McCune–Reischauer sa, ki)
|俟 • (sa, gi) · 俟 • (sa, gi) (hangeul 사, 기, revised sa, gi, McCune–Reischauer sa, ki)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 404: Line 472:
|-
|-
|俠
|俠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Middle-Chinese : hep
|chivalrous person; knight-errant • chivalrous; gallant
|chivalrous person; knight-errant • chivalrous; gallant
| ‖ 俠(きょう) • (kyō) ^(←けふ (kefu)?) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) -na (adnominal 俠(きゃん)な (kyan na), adverbial 俠(きゃん)に (kyan ni))
| ‖ 俠(きょう) • (kyō) ^(←けふ (kefu)?) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) -na (adnominal 俠(きゃん)な (kyan na), adverbial 俠(きゃん)に (kyan ni))
Line 410: Line 479:
|俠 • (hyeop) · 俠 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp)
|俠 • (hyeop) · 俠 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp)
|chivalrous person • knight-errant
|chivalrous person • knight-errant
|Hán-Nôm : hiệp
|
|
|俠
|俠
|-
|-
|俾
|俾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : bei²
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ
|(literary, formal) in order to; so that; so as to; therefore; thus; thereby • Original form of 裨 (bì, “to benefit”). ‖ Only used in 俾倪. ‖ Only used in 安俾. ‖ Alternative form of 比 ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 畀
|(literary, formal) in order to; so that; so as to; therefore; thus; thereby • Original form of 裨 (bì, “to benefit”). ‖ Only used in 俾倪. ‖ Only used in 安俾. ‖ Alternative form of 比 ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 畀
|
|
Line 420: Line 491:
|俾 (eum 비 (bi))
|俾 (eum 비 (bi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tỉ
|
|
|俾
|俾
|-
|-
|倀
|倀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaŋ, *rtaːŋs) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaŋ, *rtaːŋs) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Middle-Chinese : trhjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : traengH
|insane person • ghost of one devoured by a tiger who becomes a servant of the tiger and helps it find more victims ‖ Only used in 倀悙／伥悙.
|insane person • ghost of one devoured by a tiger who becomes a servant of the tiger and helps it find more victims ‖ Only used in 倀悙／伥悙.
|
|
Line 430: Line 503:
|倀 (eum 창 (chang))
|倀 (eum 창 (chang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trành
|
|
|倀
|倀
|-
|-
|倆
|倆
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兩 (OC *raŋʔ, *raŋs). \ Contraction of 兩個 (liǎngge, “two + classifier”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng
|(colloquial) functioning as 兩 (“two”) + an implied classifier: two; pair; couple; both • (colloquial, chiefly Mainland China) a few; some ‖ Only used in 伎倆／伎俩 (jìliǎng).
|(colloquial) functioning as 兩 (“two”) + an implied classifier: two; pair; couple; both • (colloquial, chiefly Mainland China) a few; some ‖ Only used in 伎倆／伎俩 (jìliǎng).
Line 440: Line 515:
|倆 (eum 량 (ryang))
|倆 (eum 량 (ryang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lưỡng • Hán-Nôm : lạng
|
|
|倆
|倆
|-
|-
|倌
|倌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːn, *kroːns) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)(j)wal (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan ཁོལ་པོ (khol po, “servant”), Burmese ကျွန် (kywan, “slave”), Proto-Loloish *C-kywan¹ (“slave”), 宦 (OC *ɡʷraːns, “servant; official”). \ 官 (OC *koːn, “official”) is probably the same word as 倌 (OC *koːn, *kroːns) (Schuelsser, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Middle-Chinese : kwan • Middle-Chinese : kwaenH
|servant who drives a carriage • groom; keeper of domestic animals • worker in a teahouse or restaurant who provides service
|servant who drives a carriage • groom; keeper of domestic animals • worker in a teahouse or restaurant who provides service
|
|
Line 450: Line 527:
|倌 (eum 관 (gwan))
|倌 (eum 관 (gwan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quan • Hán-Nôm : quán
|
|
|倌
|倌
|-
|-
|倏
|倏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯwɢ) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 犬
|sudden, abrupt; hastily, suddenly, abruptly
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Middle-Chinese : syuwk
|sudden; abrupt • suddenly; abruptly; hastily
|
|
|
|
|倏 • (suk) · 倏 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk)
|倏 • (suk) · 倏 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thúc
|
|
|倏
|倏
|-
|-
|們
|們
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn). \ First attested in the Song dynasty (Lü, 1940). Various other glyphs representing *mVn have been attested in Song dynasty texts, including 懣, 滿, 瞞, 門. \ It is probably related to 弭 (MC mjieX) (in 我弭) and 偉 (MC hjw+jX) (in 兒郎偉／儿郎伟 (érláng wěi)) attested in the Tang dynasty (Lü, 1940); it is related to 每 (měi), as in 我每 (wǒměi), common during the Jin (Jurchen), Yuan and early Ming dynasties (Lü, 1985). \ Proposed etymologies: \ * From the personal pronoun plural marker 輩 (OC *puːls) (Lü, 1985; Feng, 1997; Li, 2013). \ * From 門 (MC mwon, “door; clan; family”) (Ota, 2003; Yu, 1989; Li and Shi, 2000). \ * From 每人 (MC mwojX nyin, “everybody”) (Norman, 1988); compare Eastern Min 各儂／各侬 (“everybody”), used in 我各儂／我各侬 (“we; us”), 汝各儂／汝各侬 (“you (plural)”), 伊各儂／伊各侬 (“they”). \ * From 物 (MC mjut, “thing”) (Jiang, 1995). \ * From plural features in Dravidian languages, cf. Classical Tamil -m, -mar, -mār suffixes, Tamil நாம் (nām, “inclusive we”), via Indic languages by means of Buddhist transmission (Chen & Ye, 2020). \ Also compare 您. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ
|Suffix indicating plural for pronouns, some animated nouns and personifications. • Suffix attached to the name of the representative of a group to refer to that whole group. • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) General suffix indicating plural. ‖ Only used in 們渾／们浑 (mènhún).
|Suffix indicating plural for pronouns, some animated nouns and personifications. • Suffix attached to the name of the representative of a group to refer to that whole group. • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) General suffix indicating plural. ‖ Only used in 們渾／们浑 (mènhún).
|
|
Line 470: Line 551:
|們 (eum 문 (mun))
|們 (eum 문 (mun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : món • Hán-Nôm : môn • Hán-Nôm : mon
|
|
|們
|們
|-
|-
|倖
|倖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīng • Middle-Chinese : heangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng
|to favor; to dote on • by fluke or chance ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 婞 (xìng, “obstinate”) ‖ (Southern Min) to spoil; to pamper; to indulge
|to favor; to dote on • by fluke or chance ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 婞 (xìng, “obstinate”) ‖ (Southern Min) to spoil; to pamper; to indulge
|
|
Line 480: Line 563:
|倖 (eum 행 (haeng))
|倖 (eum 행 (haeng))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hãnh • Hán-Nôm : hạnh
|
|
|倖
|倖
|-
|-
|値
|値
|
|
|
|
|
Line 490: Line 575:
|値 (eum 치 (chi))
|値 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trị • Hán-Nôm : trịa
|
|
|値
|値
|-
|-
|倥
|倥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung² • Middle-Chinese : khuwngX • Middle-Chinese : khuwngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung² • Middle-Chinese : khuwngX • Middle-Chinese : khuwngH
|Only used in 倥侗 (kōngtóng). ‖ Only used in 倥傯／倥偬 (kǒngzǒng).
|Only used in 倥侗 (kōngtóng). ‖ Only used in 倥傯／倥偬 (kǒngzǒng).
|
|
|
|
|倥 • (gong) · 倥 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong)
|倥 • (gong) · 倥 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 504: Line 592:
|-
|-
|倨
|倨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Middle-Chinese : kjoH
|(literary) haughty; arrogant • Alternative form of 踞 (jù, “to crouch; to squat”) • Alternative form of 鋸／锯 (jù, “saw”)
|(literary) haughty; arrogant • Alternative form of 踞 (jù, “to crouch; to squat”) • Alternative form of 鋸／锯 (jù, “saw”)
|
|
|
|
|倨 • (geo) · 倨 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ)
|倨 • (geo) · 倨 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 514: Line 604:
|-
|-
|倩
|倩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàn • Middle-Chinese : tshenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng • Middle-Chinese : tshjengH
|smiling • (beautiful) man • beautiful; pretty; handsome • fast ‖ to ask someone to do something • to have the aid of • to borrow • (Min) to employ; to hire • (Teochew) to beg; to plea; to please; to excuse oneself. Example: 倩食 (ciah4 ziah8) is a very polite way of asking people to eat. • (Hokkien) to urge; to entrust • son-in-law • servant; domestic servant • Alternative form of 銃／铳 (chòng). Only used in 飯匙倩／饭匙倩.
|smiling • (beautiful) man • beautiful; pretty; handsome • fast ‖ to ask someone to do something • to have the aid of • to borrow • (Min) to employ; to hire • (Teochew) to beg; to plea; to please; to excuse oneself. Example: 倩食 (ciah4 ziah8) is a very polite way of asking people to eat. • (Hokkien) to urge; to entrust • son-in-law • servant; domestic servant • Alternative form of 銃／铳 (chòng). Only used in 飯匙倩／饭匙倩.
|
|
Line 520: Line 611:
|倩 (eum 천 (cheon))
|倩 (eum 천 (cheon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiến
|
|
|倩
|倩
|-
|-
|倪
|倪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeː) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兒 (OC *ŋeː, *ŋje). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeː) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兒 (OC *ŋeː, *ŋje).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê • Middle-Chinese : ngej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶
|small child • small and weak • origin; beginning • bound; limit; extremity • to differentiate • (Wu) I; we • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 睨 (nì, “to look sideways; to squint”)
|small child • small and weak • origin; beginning • bound; limit; extremity • to differentiate • (Wu) I; we • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 睨 (nì, “to look sideways; to squint”)
|
|
Line 530: Line 623:
|倪 (eum 예 (ye))
|倪 (eum 예 (ye))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghê • Hán-Nôm : hầu
|
|
|倪
|倪
|-
|-
|倭
|倭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo²
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Middle-Chinese : 'wa ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Middle-Chinese : 'jwe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo² • Middle-Chinese : 'waX
|(historical, now derogatory) Japan; Yamato • (in some animal names) dwarf; pygmy ‖ Used in 倭遲／倭迟, alternative form of 逶迤 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering”) ‖ Only used in 倭墮髻／倭堕髻 (wǒduòjì, “a hairstyle for women that was popular during the Han Dynasty in which the hair was gathered up in a lopsided bun”).
|(historical, now derogatory) Japan; Yamato • (in some animal names) dwarf; pygmy ‖ Used in 倭遲／倭迟, alternative form of 逶迤 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering”) ‖ Only used in 倭墮髻／倭堕髻 (wǒduòjì, “a hairstyle for women that was popular during the Han Dynasty in which the hair was gathered up in a lopsided bun”).
| ‖ 倭(わ) • (Wa)
| ‖ 倭(わ) • (Wa)
|Yamato • the country of Japan ‖ ancient Japan
|Yamato • the country of Japan ‖ ancient Japan
|倭 (eumhun 왜나라 왜 (waenara wae)) ‖ 倭 (eumhun 유순할 위 (yusunhal wi))
|倭 (eumhun 왜나라 왜 (waenara wae)) ‖ 倭 (eumhun 유순할 위 (yusunhal wi))
|Hanja form of 왜 (“ancient Japan, Yamato”). ‖ (literary Chinese) Hanja form of 위 (“docile, obedient”).
|hanja form of 왜 (“ancient Japan, Yamato”) ‖ (literary Chinese) hanja form of 위 (“docile, obedient”)
|Hán-Nôm : uy • Hán-Nôm : oải • Hán-Nôm : nụy • Hán-Nôm : nuỵ • Hán-Nôm : oa
|
|
|倭
|倭
|-
|-
|偃
|偃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ián
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qanʔ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 匽 (OC *qanʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ián • Middle-Chinese : 'jonX
|to fall on one's back; to lie down; to flop down • to desist; to cease; to stop
|to fall on one's back; to lie down; to flop down • to desist; to cease; to stop
|
|
Line 550: Line 647:
|偃 (eum 언 (eon))
|偃 (eum 언 (eon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ễnh
|
|
|偃
|偃
|-
|-
|偌
|偌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ ‖  ‖  ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juā
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 若 (OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ). ‖  ‖ From 你 (“you (singular)”), with -k (plural marker) and tone change (Gan, 1997). Possibly a contraction of 你個／你个 (cf. Zhang, 1997, suggesting it to be a contraction of 若個／若个) or 你屋 (Zhang, 2005; Kwok, 2006). \ Compare 㑢 (“they”), from 佢 (“he; she; it”). ‖  ‖ Contraction of 若夥 (Mei, 2015). Compare Fuzhou Eastern Min /nˡuoʔ⁵⁻⁵³ uɑi²⁴²/ > /nˡuɑi²⁴²/.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ ‖  ‖  ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juā
|so; that ‖ a surname ‖ (dialectal Cantonese, including Siyi Yue, Yangjiang) you (plural) ‖ (Taishanese) someone (else) ‖ how much; how • how (indicating surprise, delight, etc.)
|so; that ‖ a surname ‖ (dialectal Cantonese, including Siyi Yue, Yangjiang) you (plural) ‖ (Taishanese) someone (else) ‖ how much; how • how (indicating surprise, delight, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|偌 (eum 야 (ya))
|偌 (eum 야 (ya))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 564: Line 664:
|-
|-
|偕
|偕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kriːl) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 皆 (OC *kriːl)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâi • Middle-Chinese : keaj
|to accompany; together; in company • strong • to unify • to be in harmony (with) • Alternative form of 皆 (jiē, “all”) • a surname
|to accompany; together; in company • strong • to unify • to be in harmony (with) • Alternative form of 皆 (jiē, “all”) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|偕 • (hae, hye) · 偕 • (hae, hye) (hangeul 해, 혜, revised hae, hye, McCune–Reischauer hae, hye)
|偕 • (hae, hye) · 偕 • (hae, hye) (hangeul 해, 혜, revised hae, hye, McCune–Reischauer hae, hye)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 574: Line 676:
|-
|-
|傀
|傀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) : semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ). ‖ 傀 (OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) "extraordinary" (Zhouli) > 瑰 (OC *kuːl, *ɡuːl) "rare, marvelous" > a kind precious stone" (Shijing). \ 傀 (OC *kûi) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh); they may be merely variants (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka • Middle-Chinese : khwojX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwoj
|Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi, “puppet”). ‖ odd; peculiar; extraordinary • great
|Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi, “puppet”). ‖ odd; peculiar; extraordinary • great
|
|
|large
|large
|傀 (eumhun 꼭두각시/허수아비 괴 (kkokdugaksi/heosuabi goe)) ‖ 傀 (eumhun 클 괴 (keul goe))
|傀 (eumhun 꼭두각시/허수아비 괴 (kkokdugaksi/heosuabi goe)) ‖ 傀 (eumhun 클 괴 (keul goe))
|Hanja form of 괴 (“puppet”). ‖ (literary) Hanja form of 괴 (“large”).
|hanja form of 괴 (“puppet”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 괴 (“large”)
|Hán-Nôm : khôi • Hán-Nôm : khổi • Hán-Nôm : ngội • Hán-Nôm : ổi
|
|
|傀
|傀
|-
|-
|傖
|傖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄔㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄔㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Middle-Chinese : dzraeng
|vulgar person, country man
|vulgar person, country man
|
|
Line 590: Line 695:
|傖 • (chang) · 傖 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)
|傖 • (chang) · 傖 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)
|vulgar person • country man
|vulgar person • country man
|
|
|
|傖
|傖
|-
|-
|傢
|傢
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹
|stubborn, obstinate, intransigent
|stubborn, obstinate, intransigent
Line 600: Line 707:
|傢 (eum 가 (ga))
|傢 (eum 가 (ga))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gia
|
|
|傢
|傢
|-
|-
|傭
|傭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : yowng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhjowng
|servant; maid • to employ; to hire • salary; wages • Alternative form of 庸 (“ordinary; mediocre; a kind of tax during the Tang dynasty”) ‖ equal; even; fair; just
|servant; maid • to employ; to hire • salary; wages • Alternative form of 庸 (“ordinary; mediocre; a kind of tax during the Tang dynasty”) ‖ equal; even; fair; just
| ‖ 傭(よう) • (yō)
| ‖ 傭(よう) • (yō)
|employ, hire ‖ hire; employ
|employ, hire ‖ hire; employ
|傭 (eumhun 품팔이 용 (pumpari yong)) ‖ 傭 (eumhun 고를 총 (goreul chong))
|傭 (eumhun 품팔이 용 (pumpari yong)) ‖ 傭 (eumhun 고를 총 (goreul chong))
|Hanja form of 용 (“employ; hire”). ‖ (literary Chinese) Hanja form of 총 (“even; fair”).
|hanja form of 용 (“employ; hire”) ‖ (literary Chinese) hanja form of 총 (“even; fair”)
|
|
|
|傭
|傭
|-
|-
|僑
|僑
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrew) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu • Middle-Chinese : gjew
|to reside abroad; to sojourn; to lodge • people residing abroad • (historical) related to refugees who escaped Xianbei rule in the Sixteen Kingdoms period and resettled in areas still controlled by the Eastern Jin government • diaspora
|to reside abroad; to sojourn; to lodge • people residing abroad • (historical) related to refugees who escaped Xianbei rule in the Sixteen Kingdoms period and resettled in areas still controlled by the Eastern Jin government • diaspora
|
|
Line 620: Line 731:
|僑 • (gyo) · 僑 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|僑 • (gyo) · 僑 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|
|
|canonical : 僑: Hán Việt readings: kiều 僑: Nôm readings: quều
|(literary) a person who takes up residence in a foreign country
|(literary) a person who takes up residence in a foreign country
|僑
|僑
|-
|-
|僖
|僖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Middle-Chinese : xi
|joyful; happy; glad; delighted • a surname
|joyful; happy; glad; delighted • a surname
|
|
|
|
|僖 • (hui) · 僖 • (hui) (hangeul 희)
|僖 • (hui) · 僖 • (hui) (hangeul 희)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 634: Line 748:
|-
|-
|僥
|僥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ
|lucky • by chance; by luck ‖ Only used in 僬僥／僬侥. ‖ fake
|lucky • by chance; by luck ‖ Only used in 僬僥／僬侥. ‖ fake
|
|
Line 640: Line 755:
|僥 (eum 요 (yo))
|僥 (eum 요 (yo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhau • Hán-Nôm : nghẹo
|
|
|僥
|僥
|-
|-
|僮
|僮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːŋ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ) ‖ See 壯.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ • Middle-Chinese : duwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong³
|boy • servant • (historical) page; boy servant • ignorant • Alternative form of 動／动 (dòng) • a surname ‖ (obsolete) (～族) Alternative name for 壯／壮 (zhuàng, “Zhuang (people)”).
|boy • servant • (historical) page; boy servant • ignorant • Alternative form of 動／动 (dòng) • a surname ‖ (obsolete) (～族) Alternative name for 壯／壮 (zhuàng, “Zhuang (people)”).
|
|
|
|child • fool, foolish • servant
|僮 (eum 동 (dong))
|僮 (eum 동 (dong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đồng
|
|
|僮
|僮
|-
|-
|僱
|僱
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo
|to employ; to hire • to be employed; to be hired • to rent; to lease • a surname: Gu
|to employ; to hire • to be employed; to be hired • to rent; to lease • a surname: Gu
|
|
|
|
|
Line 664: Line 784:
|-
|-
|儂
|儂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːŋ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 農 (OC *nuːŋ). \ ; “Person; I; me > suffix for pronouns” in southeastern varieties \ Its senses of “person; human being” and “pronoun suffix” are well-attested in the classical literature, dating back to the Six Dynasties. At the present time, traces of this word are found in various Southern regions such as Fujian, Jiangxi and Zhejiang, in Wu, Min, Hui and Gan. \ ; “Person; human” \ ; “I” \ ; “Pronoun suffix” \ : \ : A similar chain of changes happened in the Wu varieties to arrive at the modern divergent dialectal forms for “you (singular)”. \ : \ : Some lects, such as Shanghainese, have merged the two syllables into one, leaving 儂／侬 to mean “you (singular)”. \ With regard to the etymology of this word, Huang (1980), Norman (1983) and Zhou (1986) hypothesised that this is the same as 農 (OC *nuːŋ, “farmer; peasant”). The use of this word as a pronoun may have originated as a form of personal deprecation and then come to be used as a full-fledged pronoun. Pan and Chen (1995) disagree, proposing that nong was originally a Baiyue substrate word possibly of Kra-Dai origin, and possibly an original clan name later developing to mean “person; I”. Compare Zhuang Nungz (“a surname”) and name of the 11ᵗʰ century Zhuang leader Nong Zhigao, as well as the name of the Nùng people in Vietnam. ‖ Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word. Compare Proto-Tai *nwoːŋꟲ (“younger sibling”) (whence Zhuang nuengx (“younger sibling”)), Southern Kam nongx (“younger sibling”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : nowng ‖  
|(coastal Min, dialectal Wu) person; human being (Classifier: 隻／只 md; 個／个 mn) • (coastal Min) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er • (coastal Min) physical, psychological or moral quality or condition • (coastal Min) others; other people • (Wu, coastal Min) I; me • (archaic or Wu) you (singular) • (dialectal Wu) he, him; she, her; it • (Min, Wu) Suffix for pronouns, functioning as a meaningless particle or a pluralising particle. • a surname. Nong ‖ (dialectal Cantonese) child • (dialectal Cantonese) son • (Leizhou Min) infant • (Hainanese, polite, humble) Used as a first-person singular pronoun, especially used by someone in the younger generation. • (Hainanese, endearing) A pronoun used by someone in the older generation to refer to someone in the younger generation.
|(coastal Min, dialectal Wu) person; human being (Classifier: 隻／只 md; 個／个 mn) • (coastal Min) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er • (coastal Min) physical, psychological or moral quality or condition • (coastal Min) others; other people • (Wu, coastal Min) I; me • (archaic or Wu) you (singular) • (dialectal Wu) he, him; she, her; it • (Min, Wu) Suffix for pronouns, functioning as a meaningless particle or a pluralising particle. • a surname. Nong ‖ (dialectal Cantonese) child • (dialectal Cantonese) son • (Leizhou Min) infant • (Hainanese, polite, humble) Used as a first-person singular pronoun, especially used by someone in the younger generation. • (Hainanese, endearing) A pronoun used by someone in the older generation to refer to someone in the younger generation.
| ‖ 儂(わし) • (washi)
| ‖ 儂(わし) • (washi)
Line 670: Line 791:
|儂 (eum 농 (nong))
|儂 (eum 농 (nong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nông • Hán-Nôm : nùng • Hán-Nôm : noọng
|
|
|儂
|儂
|-
|-
|儈
|儈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH
|go-between, broker, proxy
|go-between, broker, proxy
|
|
Line 680: Line 803:
|儈 (eum 괴 (goe))
|儈 (eum 괴 (goe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cúi
|
|
|儈
|儈
|-
|-
|儐
|儐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjinH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjin
|to entertain guests • someone who entertains guests • to display; to exhibit • Alternative form of 擯／摈 (bìn, “to reject; to abandon; to discard”) ‖ to respect • Alternative form of 顰／颦 (pín, “to frown; to knit one's brows”)
|to entertain guests • someone who entertains guests • to display; to exhibit • Alternative form of 擯／摈 (bìn, “to reject; to abandon; to discard”) ‖ to respect • Alternative form of 顰／颦 (pín, “to frown; to knit one's brows”)
|
|
|
|
|儐 • (bin) · 儐 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin)
|儐 • (bin) · 儐 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 694: Line 820:
|-
|-
|儔
|儔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : dawH
|companion, mate, colleague • people of the same kind • to match; to be on par with • who ‖ ^‡ Alternative term for 華蓋／华盖 (huágài). • ^‡ hide; conceal
|companion, mate, colleague • people of the same kind • to match; to be on par with • who ‖ ^‡ Alternative term for 華蓋／华盖 (huágài). • ^‡ hide; conceal
|
|
Line 700: Line 827:
|儔 (eum 주 (ju))
|儔 (eum 주 (ju))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trù
|
|
|儔
|儔
|-
|-
|儘
|儘
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 盡 (OC *ʔslinʔ, *zlinʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐn
|utmost; extreme; furthest • to do one's utmost; to do all one can; to do one's best • to give priority to
|utmost; extreme; furthest • to do one's utmost; to do all one can; to do one's best • to give priority to
Line 710: Line 839:
|儘 (eum 진 (jin))
|儘 (eum 진 (jin))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tẫn
|
|
|儘
|儘
|-
|-
|儡
|儡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːl, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé • Middle-Chinese : lwoj • Middle-Chinese : lwojX
|Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi).
|Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi).
|
|
|puppet • defeat
|puppet • defeat
|儡 (eumhun 꼭두각시 뢰 (kkokdugaksi roe), South Korea 꼭두각시 뇌 (kkokdugaksi noe))
|儡 (eumhun 꼭두각시 뢰 (kkokdugaksi roe), word-initial (South Korea) 꼭두각시 뇌 (kkokdugaksi noe))
|Hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“puppet”).
|hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“puppet”)
|Hán-Nôm : lỗi
|
|
|儡
|儡
|-
|-
|儲
|儲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *da) : semantic 人 + phonetic 諸 (OC *tjaː, *tja).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû • Middle-Chinese : drjo
|to store; to reserve; to save money • stockpiled materials • to wait; to await • heir to the throne • Used in 儲與／储与. • a surname
|to store; to reserve; to save money • stockpiled materials • to wait; to await • heir to the throne • Used in 儲與／储与. • a surname
|
|
Line 730: Line 863:
|儲 (eum 저 (jeo))
|儲 (eum 저 (jeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trữ • Hán-Nôm : trừ
|
|
|儲
|儲
|-
|-
|儷
|儷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːls) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : lejH ‖  
|married couple • (poetry) of a couplet ‖ (Eastern Min) only
|married couple • (poetry) of a couplet ‖ (Eastern Min) only
|
|
Line 740: Line 875:
|儷 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|儷 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lệ
|
|
|儷
|儷
|-
|-
|儼
|儼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giám
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giám • Middle-Chinese : ngjaemX
|(literary) grave, respectful, majestic • (literary) as if, seemingly, like • to raise one's head • neatly arranged
|(literary) grave, respectful, majestic • (literary) as if, seemingly, like • to raise one's head • neatly arranged
|
|
Line 750: Line 887:
|儼 (eum 엄 (eom))
|儼 (eum 엄 (eom))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghiễm
|
|
|儼
|儼
|-
|-
|兀
|兀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶
|; “to cut off the feet” ‖  ‖ Borrowed from Turkic, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ol (Zhang and Zhang, 2007). Compare Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞 (ul¹), Turkish o (“he, she, it; that”), Uyghur ئۇ (u, “he, she, it; that”), Chuvash вӑл (văl, “he, she, it”) and Karakhanid اُلْ (ol, “he, she, it; that”). First recorded in the Song Dynasty: \ : \ 前世謂「阿睹」，猶今諺云「兀底」；「寧馨」，猶「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之詞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]前世谓「阿睹」，犹今谚云「兀底」；「宁馨」，犹「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之词。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Song Dynasty, 莊綽, 《雞肋編》 \ Qiánshì wèi “ādǔ”, yóu jīn yàn yún “wùde”; “níngxīn”, yóu “nèndì” yě; jiē bù zhǐ yī wù yī shì zhī cí. [Pinyin] \ (please add an English translation of this usage example) ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert • Middle-Chinese : ngwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶
|towering • bald • to cut off the feet • unpeaceful • a surname ‖ Only used in 兀禿／兀秃. ‖ (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) that • (archaic) Used before pronouns to form bisyllabic pronouns. ‖ (Northern Min) that ‖ still; yet
|towering • bald • to cut off the feet • unpeaceful • a surname ‖ Only used in 兀禿／兀秃. ‖ (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) that • (archaic) Used before pronouns to form bisyllabic pronouns. ‖ (Northern Min) that ‖ still; yet
|
|
Line 760: Line 899:
|兀 (eum 올 (ol))
|兀 (eum 올 (ol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngột • Hán-Nôm : ngát • Hán-Nôm : ngút
|
|
|兀
|兀
|-
|-
|兇
|兇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Middle-Chinese : xjowng • Middle-Chinese : xjowngX
|terrible; fearful • fierce; ferocious • ruffian; evildoer; criminal • act of violence; murder; evil • (Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) ugly • (Cantonese) to intimidate
|terrible; fearful • fierce; ferocious • ruffian; evildoer; criminal • act of violence; murder; evil • (Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) ugly • (Cantonese) to intimidate
|
|
Line 770: Line 911:
|兇 (eumhun 흉악할 흉 (hyung'akhal hyung))
|兇 (eumhun 흉악할 흉 (hyung'akhal hyung))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hung
|
|
|兇
|兇
|-
|-
|兌
|兑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí
|to exchange • ☱, the 2nd of the 8 trigrams • 58th hexagram of the I Ching • a surname
|
|
|exchange
|兌 • (tae, ye) · 兌 • (tae, ye) (hangeul 태, 예, revised tae, ye, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, ye)
|
|
|兌
|-
|兑
|
|
|
|
Line 789: Line 922:
|exchange • convert • dui (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: swamp, west)
|exchange • convert • dui (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: swamp, west)
|兑 • (tae, ye) · 兑 • (tae, ye) (hangeul 태, 예, revised tae, ye, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, ye)
|兑 • (tae, ye) · 兑 • (tae, ye) (hangeul 태, 예, revised tae, ye, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, ye)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 794: Line 928:
|-
|-
|兕
|兕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶
|Pictogram (象形) .
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zijX
|a kind of bovine-like animal; traditionally often thought of as a female rhinoceros (Bencao Gangmu), modern research suggests it probably originally referred to wild water buffalo (Schuessler 2007).
|a kind of bovine-like animal; traditionally often thought of as a female rhinoceros (Bencao Gangmu), modern research suggests it probably originally referred to wild water buffalo (Schuessler 2007).
|
|
Line 800: Line 935:
|兕 (eum 시 (si))
|兕 (eum 시 (si))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tỉ
|
|
|兕
|兕
|-
|-
|兗
|兗
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin²
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin²
|Only used in 兗州／兖州 (Yǎnzhōu).
|Only used in 兗州／兖州 (Yǎnzhōu).
Line 809: Line 946:
|
|
|兗 • (yeon) · 兗 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|兗 • (yeon) · 兗 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 814: Line 952:
|-
|-
|党
|党
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng
|a surname • Used in 党項／党项 (Dǎngxiàng).
|a surname • Used in 党項 (Dǎngxiàng).
| ‖  ‖ 党(とう) • (tō) ‖ 党(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 党(たむら) • (tamura)
| ‖  ‖ 党(とう) • (tō) ‖ 党(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 党(たむら) • (tamura)
|Mostly used in 党(タン)項(グート) (tangūto, “Tangut”) ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ Alternative form of 屯
|Mostly used in 党(タン)項(グート) (tangūto, “Tangut”) ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ Alternative form of 屯
|
|
|
|
|
Line 824: Line 964:
|-
|-
|内
|内
|
|
|
|
|
Line 830: Line 971:
|内 (eumhun 안 내 (an nae)) ‖ 内 (eumhun 들일 납 (deuril nap))
|内 (eumhun 안 내 (an nae)) ‖ 内 (eumhun 들일 납 (deuril nap))
| ‖  
| ‖  
|Hán-Nôm : nội • Hán-Nôm : nói • Hán-Nôm : nỗi • Hán-Nôm : nòi • Hán-Nôm : nụi • Hán-Nôm : nồi
|
|
|内
|内
|-
|-
|冑
|冑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiū
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯwɢs) : semantic 冃 + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiū • Middle-Chinese : drjuwH
|(historical) helmet worn by warriors in ancient times
|(historical) helmet worn by warriors in ancient times
| ‖ 冑(かぶと) • (kabuto)
| ‖ 冑(かぶと) • (kabuto)
Line 840: Line 983:
|冑 • (ju) · 冑 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu)
|冑 • (ju) · 冑 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu)
|(투구 주, tugu-): helmet (especially, made of iron)
|(투구 주, tugu-): helmet (especially, made of iron)
|
|
|
|冑
|冑
|-
|-
|冕
|冕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Middle-Chinese : mjenX
|ceremonial cap; crown • (by extension) things similar to a crown
|ceremonial cap; crown • (by extension) things similar to a crown
| ‖ 冕(べん) • (ben)
| ‖ 冕(べん) • (ben)
Line 850: Line 995:
|冕 (eumhun 면류관 면 (myeollyugwan myeon))
|冕 (eumhun 면류관 면 (myeollyugwan myeon))
|crown
|crown
|Hán-Nôm : miện • Hán-Nôm : mịn
|
|
|冕
|冕
|-
|-
|写
|写
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|photograph, copy, replicate, reproduce, transcribe • be photographed • describe
|photograph, copy, replicate, reproduce, transcribe • be photographed • describe
|
|
|
|
|
Line 864: Line 1,012:
|-
|-
|冢
|冢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toŋʔ) : semantic 勹 (“wrap”) + phonetic 豖 (OC *tʰoɡ) – wrapped in a burial shroud. Top component now simplified to 冖. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/r-duŋ (“mountain; hillock”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese တောင် (taung, “mountain”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng • Middle-Chinese : trjowngX
|Original form of 塚／冢 (zhǒng, “mausoleum; tomb; burial mound”). • mountain summit • (prefix) eldest, senior in rank
|Original form of 塚／冢 (zhǒng, “mausoleum; tomb; burial mound”). • mountain summit • (prefix) eldest, senior in rank
|
|
Line 870: Line 1,019:
|冢 • (chong) · 冢 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong)
|冢 • (chong) · 冢 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong)
|
|
|canonical : 冢: Hán Việt readings: trủng 冢: Nôm readings: trũng • canonical : trổng
|chữ Hán form of trủng (“a grand grave or burial mound”). • Nôm form of trũng (“a deep hole in the ground”). • Nôm form of trổng (“vague, indiscriminate”).
|chữ Hán form of trủng (“a grand grave or burial mound”). • Nôm form of trũng (“a deep hole in the ground”). • Nôm form of trổng (“vague, indiscriminate”).
|冢
|冢
|-
|-
|冽
|冽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *red) : semantic 冫 (“ice”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t • Middle-Chinese : ljet
|cold; frigid; freezing • Alternative form of 洌 (liè, “pure; clear”)
|cold; frigid; freezing • Alternative form of 洌 (liè, “pure; clear”)
| ‖ 冽(ただし) or 冽(たゞし) • (Tadashi)
| ‖ 冽(ただし) or 冽(たゞし) • (Tadashi)
Line 880: Line 1,031:
|冽 (eum 렬 (ryeol))
|冽 (eum 렬 (ryeol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liệt
|
|
|冽
|冽
|-
|-
|凄
|凄
|
|
|
|
|
Line 890: Line 1,043:
|凄 (eum 처 (cheo))
|凄 (eum 처 (cheo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thê
|
|
|凄
|凄
|-
|-
|凋
|凋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau • Middle-Chinese : tew
|to wither; to fall • to exhaust; to fade • (of life and business) depressed; in decline
|to wither; to fall • to exhaust; to fade • (of life and business) depressed; in decline
|
|
Line 900: Line 1,055:
|凋 (eum 조 (jo))
|凋 (eum 조 (jo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điêu
|
|
|凋
|凋
|-
|-
|凜
|凜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lím
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lím • Middle-Chinese : gim • Middle-Chinese : limX
|freezing cold • solemn • (literary) fearful
|freezing cold • solemn • (literary) fearful
| ‖ 凜(りん) • (Rin)
| ‖ 凜(りん) • (Rin)
Line 910: Line 1,067:
|凜 (eum 름 (reum))
|凜 (eum 름 (reum))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lẫm
|
|
|凜
|凜
|-
|-
|凱
|凱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái
|Two possibilities: \ * Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ) : semantic 豈 (“drum”) + phonetic 几 (OC *krilʔ), in which case 豈 may have been the initial form of this character. \ * Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ) : phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 几. \ Originally used to mean “music of triumph; victory music”.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái • Middle-Chinese : khojX
|music of triumph; paean • triumph; victory • triumphant; victorious • Alternative form of 愷／恺 (kǎi, “peaceful; harmonious”) • (Taiwan, colloquial) generous with money • a surname
|music of triumph; paean • triumph; victory • triumphant; victorious • Alternative form of 愷／恺 (kǎi, “peaceful; harmonious”) • (Taiwan, colloquial) generous with money • a surname
|
|
Line 920: Line 1,079:
|凱 (eum 개 (gae))
|凱 (eum 개 (gae))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : ngai
|
|
|凱
|凱
|-
|-
|刎
|刎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mjunX
|to cut one's throat (especially in suicide) • to cut off; to sever
|to cut one's throat (especially in suicide) • to cut off; to sever
|
|
Line 930: Line 1,091:
|刎 (eum 문 (mun))
|刎 (eum 문 (mun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vẫn
|
|
|刎
|刎
|-
|-
|刪
|刪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːn) : phonetic 冊 (OC *sʰreːɡ) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : sraen
|to delete • (～日) (telegraphy) the fifteenth day of a month
|to delete • (～日) (telegraphy) the fifteenth day of a month
|
|
Line 940: Line 1,103:
|刪 (eum 산 (san))
|刪 (eum 산 (san))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : san
|
|
|刪
|刪
|-
|-
|别
|别
|
|
|
|
|
Line 950: Line 1,115:
|别 (eum 별 (byeol))
|别 (eum 별 (byeol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biệt
|
|
|别
|别
|-
|-
|刹
|刹
|
|
|
|
|
Line 959: Line 1,126:
|Buddhist temple; pagoda ‖ Alternative form of 檫. ‖ (Buddhism)
|Buddhist temple; pagoda ‖ Alternative form of 檫. ‖ (Buddhism)
|刹 (eumhun 절 찰 (jeol chal))
|刹 (eumhun 절 찰 (jeol chal))
|Hanja form of 찰 (“Buddhist temple; pagoda”).
|hanja form of 찰 (“Buddhist temple; pagoda”)
|Hán-Nôm : sát
|
|
|刹
|刹
|-
|-
|剁
|剁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do² • Cantonese · Jyutping : do³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tok
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do² • Cantonese · Jyutping : do³ • Middle-Chinese : twaH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tok
|to chop by pounding; to mince; to hash; to cut ‖ (Hokkien, Teochew) Alternative form of 斲 (“to chop”)
|to chop by pounding; to mince; to hash; to cut ‖ (Hokkien, Teochew) Alternative form of 斲 (“to chop”)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 974: Line 1,144:
|-
|-
|剋
|剋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak ‖  
| ‖ From Middle Chinese 刻 (MC khok) (cf. Sun, 2018, p. 518).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak • Middle-Chinese : khok ‖  
|to counteract; to work against; to conflict (especially of one's fate with someone else) • (literary) to overcome; to subdue; to capture; to defeat; to vanquish; to prevail; to surmount; to overthrow • (literary) to restrain; to cut down • (literary) to be able to • (literary) severe; harsh • (literary) to injure; to harm • (literary) [to digest • (literary) to set a time limit ‖ (colloquial) to scold; to censure • (colloquial) to beat • (dialectal) to dig (with the hand)
|to counteract; to work against; to conflict (especially of one's fate with someone else) • (literary) to overcome; to subdue; to capture; to defeat; to vanquish; to prevail; to surmount; to overthrow • (literary) to restrain; to cut down • (literary) to be able to • (literary) severe; harsh • (literary) to injure; to harm • (literary) [to digest • (literary) to set a time limit ‖ (colloquial) to scold; to censure • (colloquial) to beat • (dialectal) to dig (with the hand)
|
|
Line 980: Line 1,151:
|剋 • (geuk) · 剋 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk)
|剋 • (geuk) · 剋 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk)
|
|
|canonical : 剋: Hán Việt readings: khắc 剋: Nôm readings: khắc
|chữ Hán form of khắc (“beat, hit (in casual language)”). • chữ Hán form of khắc (“scold, rebuke (in casual language)”). • Nôm form of khắc (“opposite”).
|chữ Hán form of khắc (“beat, hit (in casual language)”). • chữ Hán form of khắc (“scold, rebuke (in casual language)”). • Nôm form of khắc (“opposite”).
|剋
|剋
|-
|-
|剌
|剌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˊ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˊ
|perverse; unreasonable • to contradict; to violate • Used in 剌剌 and 撥剌／拨剌. • Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (lá, “to slash; to cut in two”)
|perverse; unreasonable • to contradict; to violate • Used in 剌剌 and 撥剌／拨剌. • Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (lá, “to slash; to cut in two”)
|
|
Line 990: Line 1,163:
|剌 • (ral) · 剌 • (ral) (hangeul 랄, revised ral, McCune–Reischauer ral)
|剌 • (ral) · 剌 • (ral) (hangeul 랄, revised ral, McCune–Reischauer ral)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lạt
|
|
|剌
|剌
|-
|-
|剎
|剎
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraːd) : phonetic 殺 (OC *sreːds, *sreːd) + semantic 刂. \ Transcription of the kṣV (क्ष) sequence in various Sanskrit words, probably via Khotanese or Gandhari 𐨐𐨿𐨮 (kṣ /⁠*tʂ(ə), *ʈʂ(ə)⁠/) (Bailey, 1946), including: \ * Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “land; place of pilgrimage”) (剎多羅) \ * Sanskrit क्षण (kṣaṇa, “instant (in time)”) (剎那) \ * Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣema, “residence”) (剎摩) \ * Sanskrit क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya, “warrior caste; kshatriya”) (剎怛利耶, 剎帝利, 剎利) ‖ From 煞 (shā), in turn from 殺／杀 (shā).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat
|Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) land; world; place; area • Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) place of pilgrimage; kshetra; Buddhist temple; Buddhist monastery; pagoda • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (Buddhism) instant; moment; impermanence • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (by extension) brief moment; short moment ‖ to brake (a car); to stop a car
|Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) land; world; place; area • Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) place of pilgrimage; kshetra; Buddhist temple; Buddhist monastery; pagoda • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (Buddhism) instant; moment; impermanence • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (by extension) brief moment; short moment ‖ to brake (a car); to stop a car
|
|
Line 1,000: Line 1,175:
|剎 • (chal) · 剎 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal)
|剎 • (chal) · 剎 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sát
|
|
|剎
|剎
|-
|-
|剜
|剜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːn) : phonetic 宛 (OC *qon, *qonʔ) + semantic 刂.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Middle-Chinese : 'wan
|to cut out; to scoop out
|to cut out; to scoop out
|
|
Line 1,010: Line 1,187:
|剜 (eum 완 (wan))
|剜 (eum 완 (wan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : uyển
|
|
|剜
|剜
|-
|-
|剝
|剝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mok¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *proːɡ) : phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刀.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mok¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Middle-Chinese : paewk
|(Classical) to cut apart • to peel; to skin; to shell • to fall off; to erode; to come off (of skin, paint, etc。) • to strip; to deprive; to exploit • (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to take off (clothes) • (Hokkien) to take off; to remove; to take down (something to attached to something else) • (Hokkien) to snatch; to take away by force; to rob; to mug
|(Classical) to cut apart • to peel; to skin; to shell • to fall off; to erode; to come off (of skin, paint, etc。) • to strip; to deprive; to exploit • (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to take off (clothes) • (Hokkien) to take off; to remove; to take down (something to attached to something else) • (Hokkien) to snatch; to take away by force; to rob; to mug
|
|
Line 1,020: Line 1,199:
|剝 (eum 박 (bak))
|剝 (eum 박 (bak))
|to strip • undress • to cut, trim • injure
|to strip • undress • to cut, trim • injure
|Hán-Nôm : bác • Hán-Nôm : bóc
|
|
|剝
|剝
|-
|-
|剥
|剥
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 剥(はく) • (haku)
| ‖ 剥(はく) • (haku)
|peel • peel off • strip ‖ coming off, peeling off
|peel • peel off • strip ‖ coming off, peeling off
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,034: Line 1,216:
|-
|-
|剴
|剴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹ • Middle-Chinese : koj • Middle-Chinese : ngoj
|
|
|
|
|scythe • suitability
|scythe • suitability
|剴 • (gae) · 剴 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae)
|剴 • (gae) · 剴 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,044: Line 1,228:
|-
|-
|剷
|剷
|
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuánn
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuánn
|(Hokkien) Alternative form of 㔊 (“thóaⁿ”)
|(Hokkien) Alternative form of 㔊 (“thóaⁿ”)
Line 1,049: Line 1,234:
|
|
|剷 • (san) · 剷 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san)
|剷 • (san) · 剷 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,054: Line 1,240:
|-
|-
|剽
|剽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu • Middle-Chinese : bjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewH
|intrepid • agile • frivolous • rob • pierce • to attack • plagiarize
|intrepid • agile • frivolous • rob • pierce • to attack • plagiarize
| ‖ 剽(ひょう) • (hyō)
| ‖ 剽(ひょう) • (hyō)
| ‖ a threat
| ‖ a threat
|剽 • (pyo) · 剽 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo)
|剽 • (pyo) · 剽 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,064: Line 1,252:
|-
|-
|劉
|劉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru) : phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”). \ Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script. \ ;kill, slaughter \ ;battle-axe \ ;surname \ :Two origins are recorded: from 劉累 Liú Lěi, descendant of Emperor Yao and dragon-keeper of King Kong Jia of Xia; and from the Liu state (劉國) ruled by Duke Kang of Liu, younger brother of King Ding of Zhou.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû • Middle-Chinese : ljuw
|(obsolete) a type of battle axe • (obsolete) to kill; to slaughter • (obsolete) to conquer • (obsolete) to wither • (～國) State of Liu during the Zhou dynasty • a surname
|(obsolete) a type of battle axe • (obsolete) to kill; to slaughter • (obsolete) to conquer • (obsolete) to wither • (～國) State of Liu during the Zhou dynasty • a surname
| ‖ 劉(りゅう) • (Ryū)
| ‖ 劉(りゅう) • (Ryū)
|axe • kill ‖ a surname from Chinese
|axe • kill ‖ a surname from Chinese
|劉 (eumhun 죽일 류 (jugil ryu), South Korea 죽일 유 (jugil yu))
|劉 (eumhun 죽일 류 (jugil ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 죽일 유 (jugil yu))
|Hanja form of 류/유 (“to kill”).
|hanja form of 류/유 (“to kill”)
|chữ Hán form of Lưu (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|Hán-Nôm : Lưu
|Chữ Hán form of Lưu (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|劉
|劉
|-
|劑
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zliːls, *ʔslel) : phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls) + semantic 刂. \ From 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls, “orderly”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsè • Middle-Chinese : tsjwe • Middle-Chinese : dzejH
|to trim; to prune • to adjust; to make up (a concoction); to concoct • (historical) contract for trading • small piece of dough; dough which has been kneaded • (traditional Chinese medicine) medicinal preparation; concoction • pharmaceutical preparation; medicament • dose; dosage • (chemistry) agent; reagent • Classifier for doses of medicine.
|
|
|劑 (eum 제 (je))
|
|Hán-Nôm : tễ • Hán-Nôm : xẻ
|
|劑
|-
|-
|劬
|劬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gju
|Only used in 勤劬 (qínqú).
|Only used in 勤劬 (qínqú).
|
|
Line 1,080: Line 1,283:
|劬 • (gu) · 劬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|劬 • (gu) · 劬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cù
|
|
|劬
|劬
|-
|-
|励
|励
|Simplified from 勵 (厲 → 厉).
|
|
|
|
Line 1,089: Line 1,294:
|encourage • inspire
|encourage • inspire
|励 • (ryeo) · 励 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ)
|励 • (ryeo) · 励 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,094: Line 1,300:
|-
|-
|勁
|勁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯns, *keŋs) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Perhaps related to 強 (OC *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ, “strong”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯns, *keŋs) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Perhaps related to 強 (OC *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ, “strong”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengH
|powerful; strong • vigorous; with energy; lively • (Cantonese) amazing; terrific • (Cantonese) very; super ‖ vigor; energy; strength (Classifier: 股 m) • air; manner; expression (Classifier: 股 m) • interest; relish; gusto
|powerful; strong • vigorous; with energy; lively • (Cantonese) amazing; terrific • (Cantonese) very; super ‖ vigor; energy; strength (Classifier: 股 m) • air; manner; expression (Classifier: 股 m) • interest; relish; gusto
|
|
Line 1,100: Line 1,307:
|勁 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|勁 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kính • Hán-Nôm : cứng • Hán-Nôm : cánh • Hán-Nôm : kình
|
|
|勁
|勁
|-
|-
|勗
|勗
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,109: Line 1,318:
|
|
|勗 • (uk) · 勗 • (uk) (hangeul 욱, revised uk, McCune–Reischauer uk)
|勗 • (uk) · 勗 • (uk) (hangeul 욱, revised uk, McCune–Reischauer uk)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,114: Line 1,324:
|-
|-
|勛
|勛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun) + semantic 力.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun
|meritorious deed • merits • rank
|meritorious deed • merits • rank
|
|
Line 1,120: Line 1,331:
|勛 (eum 훈 (hun))
|勛 (eum 훈 (hun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : huân
|
|
|勛
|勛
|-
|勳
|
|
|
|meritorious deed • merits • rank
|勳 (eumhun 공 훈 (gong hun))
|
|
|勳
|-
|-
|勻
|勻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷin) : phonetic 螾 (OC *lin, *linʔ) + semantic 呂 (“two gold plates”) – a unit of weight, original form of 鈞. The phonetic component is an ancient form of 螾 (see 旬), now written 勹. The component 呂 has corrupted into 二.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ûn • Middle-Chinese : ywin
|equal; even • to spare; to make even • (Cantonese) thoroughly; exhaustively
|equal; even • to spare; to make even • (Cantonese) thoroughly; exhaustively
|
|
|equal, even, uniform
|equal, even, uniform
|勻 • (gyun, yun) · 勻 • (gyun, yun) (hangeul 균, 윤, revised gyun, yun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, yun)
|勻 • (gyun, yun) · 勻 • (gyun, yun) (hangeul 균, 윤, revised gyun, yun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, yun)
|
|
|
|
|
|勻
|勻
|-
|-
|匀
|匍
|
|
|
|equal
|
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pôo • Middle-Chinese : bu
|
|匀
|-
|匍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pôo
|Only used in 匍匐 (púfú).
|Only used in 匍匐 (púfú).
|
|
Line 1,160: Line 1,355:
|匍 (eum 포 (po))
|匍 (eum 포 (po))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bò
|
|
|匍
|匍
|-
|-
|匏
|匏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pû
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pû • Middle-Chinese : baew
|gourd • one of the eight categories of musical instruments in the Chinese bayin (八音) classification system, most prominently including mouth organs
|gourd • one of the eight categories of musical instruments in the Chinese bayin (八音) classification system, most prominently including mouth organs
|
|
|gourd
|gourd
|匏 • (po) · 匏 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)
|匏 • (po) · 匏 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)
|
|
|
|匏 (bào, bầu)
|匏 (bào, bầu)
Line 1,174: Line 1,372:
|-
|-
|匐
|匐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho̍k
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho̍k • Middle-Chinese : bjuwk • Middle-Chinese : bok
|Only used in 匍匐 (púfú).
|Only used in 匍匐 (púfú).
|
|
|crawl
|crawl
|匐 • (bok) · 匐 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok)
|匐 • (bok) · 匐 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,184: Line 1,384:
|-
|-
|匝
|匝
|Originally written 帀, see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat
|(literary or dialectal) Classifier for circuits or circles. • (dialectal) Classifier for times, as in frequency. • (literary) to surround; to encircle • (literary) to spread all over; to reach (a limit); to complete a full cycle
|(literary or dialectal) Classifier for circuits or circles. • (dialectal) Classifier for times, as in frequency. • (literary) to surround; to encircle • (literary) to spread all over; to reach (a limit); to complete a full cycle
Line 1,190: Line 1,391:
|匝 (eum 잡 (jap))
|匝 (eum 잡 (jap))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : táp
|
|
|匝
|匝
|-
|-
|匡
|匡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khong • Middle-Chinese : khjwang
|(literary) upright • to correct; to rectify • (literary) to assist • (literary) to save; to rescue • to predict; to expect • (obsolete) to lose • (historical) name of an ancient book • (historical) name of two ancient places in Henan • Alternative name for 廬山／庐山 (Lúshān). • (obsolete) shell of crabs • ^† Alternative form of 恇 (kuāng) • a surname
|(literary) upright • to correct; to rectify • (literary) to assist • (literary) to save; to rescue • to predict; to expect • (obsolete) to lose • (historical) name of an ancient book • (historical) name of two ancient places in Henan • Alternative name for 廬山／庐山 (Lúshān). • (obsolete) shell of crabs • ^† Alternative form of 恇 (kuāng) • a surname
|
|
Line 1,200: Line 1,403:
|匡 (eum 광 (gwang))
|匡 (eum 광 (gwang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khuôn • Hán-Nôm : khuông
|
|
|匡
|匡
|-
|-
|匯
|匯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷrɯːlʔ, *kʰʷriːl) : semantic 匚 + phonetic 淮 (OC *ɡʷriːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Middle-Chinese : khweaj • Middle-Chinese : hwojX
|to flow together; to gather together; to converge • to remit (money) • (literary, or in compounds) foreign exchange; forex; FX • to collect; to gather • (literary, or in compounds) collection • (literary, or in compounds) concourse
|to flow together; to gather together; to converge • to remit (money) • (literary, or in compounds) foreign exchange; forex; FX • to collect; to gather • (literary, or in compounds) collection • (literary, or in compounds) concourse
|
|
Line 1,210: Line 1,415:
|匯 (eum 회 (hoe))
|匯 (eum 회 (hoe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hối • Hán-Nôm : vị
|
|
|匯
|匯
|-
|-
|匱
|匱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 匚 (“cabinet”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds, “valuables”). \ ; “quecto-” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 匚 (“cabinet”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds, “valuables”). \ ; “quecto-”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī • Middle-Chinese : gwijH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH
|(literary) to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of • Alternative form of 簣／篑 (kuì, “basket for carrying earth”) • Alternative form of 潰／溃 (“to collapse; to be routed”) • Alternative form of 饋／馈 (kuì, “to gift”) • (Taiwan) quecto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ Original form of 櫃／柜 (guì, “cabinet; cupboard; reservoir”).
|(literary) to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of • Alternative form of 簣／篑 (kuì, “basket for carrying earth”) • Alternative form of 潰／溃 (“to collapse; to be routed”) • Alternative form of 饋／馈 (kuì, “to gift”) • (Taiwan) quecto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ Original form of 櫃／柜 (guì, “cabinet; cupboard; reservoir”).
|
|
Line 1,220: Line 1,427:
|匱 (eum 궤 (gwe))
|匱 (eum 궤 (gwe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quĩ
|
|
|匱
|匱
|-
|-
|区
|区
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 区(く) • (ku)
| ‖ 区(く) • (ku)
| ‖ ward, section, district
| ‖ ward, section, district
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,234: Line 1,444:
|-
|-
|医
|医
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 匸 (“that which hides; that which stores”) + 矢 (“arrow”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'ejH
|a tool for storing a bow and crossbow
|a tool for storing a bow and crossbow
| ‖ 医(い) • (i) ‖ 医(い) • (i)
| ‖ 医(い) • (i) ‖ 医(い) • (i)
| ‖ doctor; physician; medicine ‖ doctor • medicine, the healing arts
| ‖ doctor; physician; medicine ‖ doctor • medicine, the healing arts
|医 (eumhun 동개 예 (donggae ye)) ‖ 医 (eumhun 의원 의 (uiwon ui))
|医 (eumhun 동개 예 (donggae ye)) ‖ 医 (eumhun 의원 의 (uiwon ui))
|Hanja form of 예 (“used in personal names”). • (literary Chinese) Hanja form of 예 (“quiver; a tool for storing a bow and crossbow”). ‖ Alternative form of 醫 (“Hanja form of 의 (“doctor”).”)
|hanja form of 예 (“used in personal names”) • (literary Chinese) hanja form of 예 (“quiver; a tool for storing a bow and crossbow”) ‖ Alternative form of 醫 (“hanja form of 의 (“doctor”)”)
|
|
|
|医
|医
|-
|-
|卅
|卅
|十 (shí, “10”), repeated three times.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ aa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ aa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap
|thirty
|thirty
Line 1,250: Line 1,463:
|卅 (eumhun 삼십 삽 (samsip sap)) · 卅 (eumhun 서른 삽 (seoreun sap))
|卅 (eumhun 삼십 삽 (samsip sap)) · 卅 (eumhun 서른 삽 (seoreun sap))
|thirty, thirtieth
|thirty, thirtieth
|Hán-Nôm : tạp • Hán-Nôm : nẫm
|
|
|卅
|卅
|-
|-
|卞
|卞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān
|Variant of 弁 (biàn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān • Middle-Chinese : bjenH
|law • impatient; irritable; impetuous; in a hurry • to wrestle with bare hands • (～縣) (historical) Bian County (a county in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname
|law • impatient; irritable; impetuous; in a hurry • to wrestle with bare hands • (～縣) (historical) Bian County (a county in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname
|
|
Line 1,260: Line 1,475:
|卞 (eum 변 (byeon))
|卞 (eum 변 (byeon))
|to be impatient, in a hurry • excitable
|to be impatient, in a hurry • excitable
|Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bèn
|
|
|卞
|卞
|-
|-
|卧
|卧
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,274: Line 1,492:
|-
|-
|卮
|卮
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|(historical) cylindrical wine vessel, often with a lid, handle, and three legs • Classifier for the volume of liquid in one zhi (goblet).
|(historical) cylindrical wine vessel, often with a lid, handle, and three legs • Classifier for the volume of liquid in one zhi (goblet).
Line 1,280: Line 1,499:
|卮 (eum 치 (chi))
|卮 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chi
|
|
|卮
|卮
|-
|-
|卹
|卹
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,289: Line 1,510:
|
|
|卹 • (hyul) · 卹 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul)
|卹 • (hyul) · 卹 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,294: Line 1,516:
|-
|-
|卻
|卻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khioh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaɡ, *kʰaɡ) : phonetic 𧮫 () + semantic 卩.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khioh • Middle-Chinese : kjak • Middle-Chinese : khjak
|to withdraw; to retreat • (literary) to drive back (enemy) • to decline; to refuse • (particle placed after monosyllabic verbs) to do away with • (only sentence-medially) but; yet; however
|to withdraw; to retreat • (literary) to drive back (enemy) • to decline; to refuse • (particle placed after monosyllabic verbs) to do away with • (only sentence-medially) but; yet; however
|
|
Line 1,300: Line 1,523:
|卻 (eum 각 (gak))
|卻 (eum 각 (gak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khước
|
|
|卻
|卻
|-
|卽
|
|
|
|
|卽 (eumhun 곧 즉 (got jeuk))
|Hanja form of 즉 (“immediate”). • Hanja form of 즉 (“in other words, i.e.”). • Hanja form of 즉 (“to ascend”).
|
|卽
|-
|-
|厘
|厘
|Variant of 釐 by omitting the top part of it.
|
|
|
|
Line 1,319: Line 1,534:
|shop, store (廛) • a measure of quantity (釐); most commonly, a unit of currency equaling one-thousandth of one yen, or one-tenth of one sen
|shop, store (廛) • a measure of quantity (釐); most commonly, a unit of currency equaling one-thousandth of one yen, or one-tenth of one sen
|厘 • (ri, jeon) · 厘 • (ri, jeon) (hangeul 리, 전)
|厘 • (ri, jeon) · 厘 • (ri, jeon) (hangeul 리, 전)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,324: Line 1,540:
|-
|-
|厭
|厭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iàm ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) : semantic 厂 + phonetic 猒 (OC *qem, *qems). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iàm • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemX • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemH • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià
|to be satisfied; to be sated • to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of • to detest; to dislike; to hate • (dialectal Wu) naughty ‖ (Hokkien) to be tired • (Hokkien, Teochew) to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of
|to be satisfied; to be sated • to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of • to detest; to dislike; to hate • (dialectal Wu) naughty ‖ (Hokkien) to be tired • (Hokkien, Teochew) to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of
| ‖ 厭(あき) • (aki)
| ‖ 厭(あき) • (aki)
| ‖ disgust • having one's fill; loss of interest
| ‖ disgust • having one's fill; loss of interest
|厭 (eumhun 싫어할 염 (sireohal yeom))
|厭 (eumhun 싫어할 염 (sireohal yeom))
|Hanja form of 염 (“to detest”).
|hanja form of 염 (“to detest”)
|Hán-Nôm : ướm • Hán-Nôm : yếm • Hán-Nôm : ếm • Hán-Nôm : êm • Hán-Nôm : im
|
|
|厭
|厭
|-
|-
|厲
|厲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 厂 + abbreviated phonetic 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 厂 + abbreviated phonetic 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ
|fierce; stern • severe; strict • ferocious • (Classical) Same as 礪／砺 (lì, “whetstone; to sharpen”). • (literary) to encourage; to urge • (literary) to raise; to exert • ^† Alternative form of 濿／𪵱 (lì, “to ford”) • a surname ‖ Same as 癩／癞 (lài).
|fierce; stern • severe; strict • ferocious • (Classical) Same as 礪／砺 (lì, “whetstone; to sharpen”). • (literary) to encourage; to urge • (literary) to raise; to exert • ^† Alternative form of 濿／𪵱 (lì, “to ford”) • a surname ‖ Same as 癩／癞 (lài).
|
|
Line 1,340: Line 1,559:
|厲 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|厲 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lẹ • Hán-Nôm : lệ
|
|
|厲
|厲
|-
|-
|参
|参
|Simplified from 參, which is in turn simplified from 曑.
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 参(しん) • (shin) ‖ 参(しん) • (Shin) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (San) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san)
| ‖ 参(しん) • (shin) ‖ 参(しん) • (Shin) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (San) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san)
| ‖ jagged, uneven • carrot, ginseng ‖ (Chinese astronomy) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions ‖ a calling, coming • (Zen Buddhism) a gathering of Zen members in meditation, preaching, and invocation ‖ check, verify • add, increase, join (a group, etc.) • go (for a specific purpose, for example) • Short for 参議院 (Sangiin): the House of Councillors (upper house of the Diet) ‖ (Chinese astronomy, rare) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions • a surname ‖ (law) Financial form of 三 (san): 3, three ‖ Alternative spelling of 三 (san): 3, three • Short for 三河国 (Mikawa-no-kuni): Mikawa Province
| ‖ jagged, uneven • carrot, ginseng ‖ (Chinese astronomy) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions ‖ a calling, coming • (Zen Buddhism) a gathering of Zen members in meditation, preaching, and invocation ‖ check, verify • add, increase, join (a group, etc.) • go (for a specific purpose, for example) • Short for 参議院 (Sangiin): the House of Councillors (upper house of the Diet) ‖ (Chinese astronomy, rare) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions • a surname ‖ (law) Financial form of 三 (san): 3, three ‖ Alternative spelling of 三 (san): 3, three • Short for 三河国 (Mikawa-no-kuni): Mikawa Province
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,354: Line 1,576:
|-
|-
|双
|双
|Duplication of 又. \ Simplified from 䨇 (elimination of 雔), which is also a variant form of 雙. \ The earliest known record can be found in Ming dynasty 《俗書刊誤》. \ The character 双 bears superficial similarity to the early form of 友 (yǒu). However, the former is not a direct descendant of the latter.
|
|
|
|
Line 1,360: Line 1,583:
|双 (eum 쌍 (ssang))
|双 (eum 쌍 (ssang))
|Alternative form of 雙
|Alternative form of 雙
|canonical : 双: Hán Việt readings: song 双: Nôm readings: song • canonical : xong • canonical : rông • canonical : rong
|Alternative form of 雙
|Alternative form of 雙
|双
|双
|-
|叙
|Unorthodox variant simplified from 敘 (攴 → 又) found in the Tang dynasty orthographic dictionary Ganlu Zishu (干祿字書) and eventually adopted as an official form by the People's Republic of China.
|
|
|
|to confer; to narrate; to describe
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tự
|
|叙
|-
|-
|叟
|叟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só
|Originally 叜. Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“roof; house”) + 火 (“fire”) + 又 (“hand”) – hand holding a torch in the house – original form of 搜 (“to search”). \ Since the clerical script, the top components 宀 and 火 have merged into the unrelated 𦥔.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só • Middle-Chinese : suwX
|old man; old gentleman • (honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir
|old man; old gentleman • (honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir
|
|
Line 1,370: Line 1,607:
|叟 (eum 수 (su))
|叟 (eum 수 (su))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tẩu
|
|
|叟
|叟
|-
|-
|叢
|叢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zloːŋ) : semantic 丵 + phonetic 取 (OC *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *C-tsəw-k/ŋ (“to collect; to gather; to assemble”). Cognate with 聚 (OC *zloʔ, *zlos, “to collect; to store”), 族 (OC *zoːɡ, “clan”), 最 (OC *zloːds, “to collect; most”), 稯 (OC *ʔsoːŋ, “sheaf; bundle”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâng • Middle-Chinese : dzuwng
|to collect; to gather; to assemble; to crowd together • bush; shrub; thicket; grove • collection; crowd • (Northern Min, Southern Min) Classifier for plants. • (Hokkien) Classifier for long objects. • a surname
|to collect; to gather; to assemble; to crowd together • bush; shrub; thicket; grove • collection; crowd • (Northern Min, Southern Min) Classifier for plants. • (Hokkien) Classifier for long objects. • a surname
|
|
Line 1,380: Line 1,619:
|叢 (eum 총 (chong))
|叢 (eum 총 (chong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tòng • Hán-Nôm : tùng
|
|
|叢
|叢
|-
|-
|叵
|叵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó
|A mirror image of 可.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó • Middle-Chinese : phaX
|^† Contraction of 不可 (bùkě, “cannot; to be unable to; to be impossible to”). • ^† thereupon • Used in 叵羅／叵罗 (pǒluó).
|^† Contraction of 不可 (bùkě, “cannot; to be unable to; to be impossible to”). • ^† thereupon • Used in 叵羅／叵罗 (pǒluó).
|
|
Line 1,390: Line 1,631:
|叵 (eum 파 (pa))
|叵 (eum 파 (pa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phả
|
|
|叵
|叵
|-
|-
|号
|号
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 + 丂.
|
|
|
|
Line 1,399: Line 1,642:
| ‖ number • art name ‖ ordinal marker, often with prefix 第 (used like -st, -nd, -rd, -th in English)
| ‖ number • art name ‖ ordinal marker, often with prefix 第 (used like -st, -nd, -rd, -th in English)
|号 (eumhun 이름 호 (ireum ho))
|号 (eumhun 이름 호 (ireum ho))
|Alternative form of 號 (“Hanja form of 호 (“name; number”).”)
|Alternative form of 號 (“hanja form of 호 (“name; number”)”)
|
|
|
|号
|号
|-
|-
|吊
|吊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : diu³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò • Middle-Chinese : tewH
|to condole; to mourn; to pity • to hang • to lift up with a rope • to revoke • Classifier for strings of 1000 copper coins. • Alternative form of 屌 (diǎo, “(vulgar) penis”)
|to condole; to mourn; to pity • to hang • to lift up with a rope • to revoke • Classifier for strings of 1000 copper coins. • Alternative form of 屌 (diǎo, “(vulgar) penis”)
|
|
Line 1,410: Line 1,655:
|吊 (eum 적 (jeok))
|吊 (eum 적 (jeok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điếu
|condole; mourn • (obsolete) to hang
|condole; mourn • (obsolete) to hang
|吊
|吊
|-
|-
|吋
|吋
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ
|Synonym of 英寸 (yīngcùn, “inch”) ‖ to scold
|Synonym of 英寸 (yīngcùn, “inch”) ‖ to scold
Line 1,419: Line 1,666:
| ‖ インチ: inch
| ‖ インチ: inch
|吋 • (chon) · 吋 • (chon) (hangeul 촌, revised chon, McCune–Reischauer ch'on)
|吋 • (chon) · 吋 • (chon) (hangeul 촌, revised chon, McCune–Reischauer ch'on)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,424: Line 1,672:
|-
|-
|吒
|吒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔr'aːɡs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 乇 (OC *ʔr'aːɡ). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà • Middle-Chinese : traeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹
|braided hair ‖ Used in names of mythological characters. ‖ Used in place names.
|braided hair ‖ Used in names of mythological characters. ‖ Used in place names.
|
|
Line 1,430: Line 1,679:
|吒 • (ta, tak) · 吒 • (ta, tak) (hangeul 타, 탁, revised ta, tak, McCune–Reischauer t'a, t'ak)
|吒 • (ta, tak) · 吒 • (ta, tak) (hangeul 타, 탁, revised ta, tak, McCune–Reischauer t'a, t'ak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tra • Hán-Nôm : cha • Hán-Nôm : chá • Hán-Nôm : sá • Hán-Nôm : xá
|
|
|吒
|吒
|-
|-
|吳
|吳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 夨 (“man with tilted head”) – to speak loudly. \ ; "to shout" ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gôo • Middle-Chinese : ngu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ
|to speak loudly; to shout • big • (historical) (～國) Wu, a state during the Western Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period • (historical) (～國) Eastern Wu, one of the Three Kingdoms • (historical) (～國) Wu, one of the Ten Kingdoms in eastern China which was in existence from 907 to 937 • the region comprising southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang • Wu; the Chinese dialects of that territory, including Suzhounese and Shanghainese • (～市) Kure (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 虞 (yú)
|to speak loudly; to shout • big • (historical) (～國) Wu, a state during the Western Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period • (historical) (～國) Eastern Wu, one of the Three Kingdoms • (historical) (～國) Wu, one of the Ten Kingdoms in eastern China which was in existence from 907 to 937 • the region comprising southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang • Wu; the Chinese dialects of that territory, including Suzhounese and Shanghainese • (～市) Kure (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 虞 (yú)
|
|
Line 1,440: Line 1,691:
|吳 (eumhun 성씨 오 (seongssi o)) · 吳 (eumhun 큰소리칠 화 (keunsorichil hwa))
|吳 (eumhun 성씨 오 (seongssi o)) · 吳 (eumhun 큰소리칠 화 (keunsorichil hwa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngô
|chữ Hán form of Ngô (“a surname”).
|chữ Hán form of Ngô (“a surname”).
|吳
|吳
|-
|-
|呃
|呃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : erh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄜ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːɡs, *qreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 厄 (OC *qreːɡ). ‖ Compare Zhuang ngaek (“to take advantage of someone”). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : erh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄜ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'eajH
|to belch • to hiccup; to hiccough • um; uh; er (An interjection said when hesitating in speech) • (onomatopoeia) chicken call ‖ (Cantonese) to deceive; to fool • (Cantonese) to swindle ‖ Used to indicate approval or shock. ‖  
|to belch • to hiccup; to hiccough • um; uh; er (An interjection said when hesitating in speech) • (onomatopoeia) chicken call ‖ (Cantonese) to deceive; to fool • (Cantonese) to swindle ‖ Used to indicate approval or shock. ‖  
|
|
Line 1,450: Line 1,703:
|呃 (eum 애 (ae))
|呃 (eum 애 (ae))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ách • Hán-Nôm : nhách • Hán-Nôm : ải
|
|
|呃
|呃
|-
|-
|呎
|呎
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik
|(dated in Mainland China and Taiwan, still used in Hong Kong) Synonym of 英尺 (yīngchǐ, “foot”) • (Hong Kong) square foot
|(dated in Mainland China and Taiwan, still used in Hong Kong) Synonym of 英尺 (yīngchǐ, “foot”) • (Hong Kong) square foot
Line 1,460: Line 1,715:
|呎 (eum 척 (cheok))
|呎 (eum 척 (cheok))
|foot
|foot
|Hán-Nôm : xích • Hán-Nôm : xếch
|
|
|呎
|呎
|-
|-
|呐
|呐
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,469: Line 1,726:
|
|
|呐 • (nul, yeol) · 呐 • (nul, yeol) (hangeul 눌, 열, McCune–Reischauer nul, yŏl)
|呐 • (nul, yeol) · 呐 • (nul, yeol) (hangeul 눌, 열, McCune–Reischauer nul, yŏl)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,474: Line 1,732:
|-
|-
|呱
|呱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuā
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuā • Middle-Chinese : ku
|
|
|
|
Line 1,480: Line 1,739:
|呱 • (go) · 呱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko)
|呱 • (go) · 呱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : oa
|
|
|呱
|呱
|-
|-
|呶
|呶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nraew
|to clamour
|to clamour
|
|
|
|
|呶 • (no) · 呶 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no)
|呶 • (no) · 呶 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,494: Line 1,756:
|-
|-
|呷
|呷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰraːb) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb). ‖  ‖ This orthography is influenced by Mandarin.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hap • Middle-Chinese : xaep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h
|to sip; to suck; to drink ‖ Alternative form of 嘎 (“to quack (like a duck)”) • Alternative form of 嘎 (“to laugh”) ‖ (chiefly Southern Min) Alternative form of 食 (“to eat; to drink; to take in”)
|to sip; to suck; to drink ‖ Alternative form of 嘎 (“to quack (like a duck)”) • Alternative form of 嘎 (“to laugh”) ‖ (chiefly Southern Min) Alternative form of 食 (“to eat; to drink; to take in”)
|
|
|
|
|呷 • (hap) · 呷 • (hap) (hangeul 합)
|呷 • (hap) · 呷 • (hap) (hangeul 합)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,504: Line 1,768:
|-
|-
|呸
|呸
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 + phonetic 丕. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì
|(strong, offensive) bah!; ugh! ‖ (Southern Min) to spit
|(strong, offensive) bah!; ugh! ‖ (Southern Min) to spit
Line 1,510: Line 1,775:
|呸 (eum 비 (bi))
|呸 (eum 비 (bi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phi • Hán-Nôm : bậy • Hán-Nôm : phôi
|
|
|呸
|呸
|-
|-
|咀
|咀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ) : semantic 口 (“speech”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-dz(j)a-k/n/t/s (“to eat; food; to feed; rice”); cognate with Tibetan ཟ (za, “to eat”), Burmese စား (ca:, “to eat”), Chepang [script needed] (jeʔ-sa, “to eat”), Japhug ndza (“to eat”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). Possibly related to 餐 (OC *sʰaːn, “to eat; meal”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : dzjoX • Middle-Chinese : tsjoX
|to chew; to masticate
|to chew; to masticate
|
|
Line 1,520: Line 1,787:
|咀 • (jeo) · 咀 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ)
|咀 • (jeo) · 咀 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trớ
|
|
|咀
|咀
|-
|-
|咆
|咆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Middle-Chinese : baew
|
|
|
|
|
|
|咆 • (po) · 咆 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)
|咆 • (po) · 咆 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,534: Line 1,804:
|-
|-
|咎
|咎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiǔ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiū ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ
|Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夊 (“foot”) + 人 (“person”). Later 口 was added, making the modern form an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 各 + 人. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiǔ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiū • Middle-Chinese : gjuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ • Middle-Chinese : kaw
|fault; defect; error; mistake • calamity; misfortune • to blame; to punish; to find fault ‖ Alternative form of 鼛 (gāo, “large drum”) • a surname • Alternative form of 皋 (gāo, “a surname”):
|fault; defect; error; mistake • calamity; misfortune • to blame; to punish; to find fault ‖ Alternative form of 鼛 (gāo, “large drum”) • a surname • Alternative form of 皋 (gāo, “a surname”):
|
|
Line 1,540: Line 1,811:
|咎 • (gu, go) · 咎 • (gu, go) (hangeul 구, 고, revised gu, go, McCune–Reischauer ku, ko)
|咎 • (gu, go) · 咎 • (gu, go) (hangeul 구, 고, revised gu, go, McCune–Reischauer ku, ko)
|
|
|canonical : 咎: Hán Việt readings: cữu
|
|
|咎
|咎
|-
|-
|咚
|咚
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung¹
|(onomatopoeia) ratatat (sound of a drum or repeated hits) • (onomatopoeia) boom; thump; thud (sound of a drum or something falling)
|(onomatopoeia) ratatat (sound of a drum or repeated hits) • (onomatopoeia) boom; thump; thud (sound of a drum or something falling)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,554: Line 1,828:
|-
|-
|咦
|咦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hril) : semantic 口 + phonetic 夷 (OC *lil). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hril) : semantic 口 + phonetic 夷 (OC *lil).
|An interjection used to express confusion. huh? • (Cantonese) Expression of disgust. ew
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Middle-Chinese : xjij
|An interjection used to express confusion. huh? • (Cantonese) Expression of disgust. ew ‖ smiling
|
|
|
|
|咦 • (i, jae) · 咦 • (i, jae) (hangeul 이, 재, revised i, jae, McCune–Reischauer i, chae)
|咦 • (i, jae) · 咦 • (i, jae) (hangeul 이, 재, revised i, jae, McCune–Reischauer i, chae)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gì • Hán-Nôm : di • Hán-Nôm : ri
|
|
|咦
|咦
|-
|-
|咧
|咧
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; speech”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red). ‖  ‖  ‖ See 佇咧. ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le² • Cantonese · Jyutping : le¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : teh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --le ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le² • Cantonese · Jyutping : le¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : teh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --le ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē
| ‖ to draw back the corners of one's mouth ‖ (dialectal) ‖ (Southern Min) in the process of; currently (placed before the verb) • (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) in; at; on (placed after verbs indicating a change of location or position) • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try ‖ Sentence-final particle signalling emphasis of the preceding words. • Sentence-final interrogative particle used to express doubt. ‖ (Tong'an Hokkien) to joke; to kid; to make a joke; to joke around
|To grimace ‖ to draw back the corners of one's mouth ‖ (dialectal) ‖ (Southern Min) in the process of; currently (placed before the verb) • (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) in; at; on (placed after verbs indicating a change of location or position) • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try ‖ Sentence-final particle signalling emphasis of the preceding words. • Sentence-final interrogative particle used to express doubt. ‖ (Tong'an Hokkien) to joke; to kid; to make a joke; to joke around
|
|
|
|
|咧 • (ryeol) · 咧 • (ryeol) (hangeul 렬)
|咧 • (ryeol) · 咧 • (ryeol) (hangeul 렬)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lác • Hán-Nôm : sẹt • Hán-Nôm : liệt • Hán-Nôm : sèn • Hán-Nôm : xẹt
|
|
|咧
|咧
|-
|-
|咫
|咫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kljeʔ) : semantic 尺 (“ruler; measuring stick”) + phonetic 只 (OC *klje, *kljeʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí • Middle-Chinese : tsyeX
|unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight cun/tsun (寸) • few; little • short
|unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight cun/tsun (寸) • few; little • short
| ‖ 咫(あた) • (ata) ‖ 咫(た) • (ta) ‖ 咫(し) • (shi)
| ‖ 咫(あた) • (ata) ‖ 咫(た) • (ta) ‖ 咫(し) • (shi)
Line 1,580: Line 1,859:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 咫: Hán Việt readings: chỉ 咫: Nôm readings: chỉ
|
|
|咫
|咫
|-
|-
|咯
|咯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ ‖  ‖  ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖ Contraction of 咯樣／咯样 ‖ Contraction of 咯一
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄛ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ ‖  ‖  ‖  
|to expel from the throat • an interjection, the sound of coughing ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) Sentence-final particle indicating that something is obvious. ‖ Used in 咯噠／咯哒. • an interjection, the sound of coughing, chicken's clucking, etc. • (Hokkien) sound of hens clucking • (Mainland China Hokkien) sound of swallowing • (Mainland China Hokkien) to take a big gulp quickly ‖ Only used in 吡咯 (bǐluò). ‖ (Xiang) this ‖ (Xiang) so; such ‖ (Xiang) this
|to expel from the throat • an interjection, the sound of coughing ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) Sentence-final particle indicating that something is obvious. ‖ Used in 咯噠／咯哒. • an interjection, the sound of coughing, chicken's clucking, etc. • (Hokkien) sound of hens clucking • (Mainland China Hokkien) sound of swallowing • (Mainland China Hokkien) to take a big gulp quickly ‖ Only used in 吡咯 (bǐluò). ‖ (Xiang) this ‖ (Xiang) so; such ‖ (Xiang) this
|
|
|
|
|咯 • (gak) · 咯 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune–Reischauer kak)
|咯 • (gak) · 咯 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune–Reischauer kak)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,594: Line 1,876:
|-
|-
|咻
|咻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiu ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiu • Middle-Chinese : xjuw • Middle-Chinese : xjuX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹
| ‖ (Cantonese, archaic) Alternative form of 嘵／哓 (“perfective aspect particle”)
| ‖ (Cantonese, archaic) Alternative form of 嘵／哓 (“perfective aspect particle”)
|
|
Line 1,600: Line 1,883:
|咻 • (hyu) · 咻 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu)
|咻 • (hyu) · 咻 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hưu • Hán-Nôm : hiu
|
|
|咻
|咻
|-
|-
|哂
|哂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hjɯnʔ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 西 (OC *sɯːl)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can² • Middle-Chinese : syinX
|to smile • to laugh at, sneer at
|to smile • to laugh at, sneer at
|
|
Line 1,610: Line 1,895:
|哂 • (sin) · 哂 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin)
|哂 • (sin) · 哂 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thẩn
|
|
|哂
|哂
|-
|唇
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ
|terrified ‖ sound of fear; trembling
| ‖ 唇(くちびる) • (kuchibiru)
|lip ‖ lips
|唇 • (jin) · 唇 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
|
|Hán-Nôm : thần • Hán-Nôm : chấn • Hán-Nôm : thuấn • Hán-Nôm : chuấn • Hán-Nôm : chuần • Hán-Nôm : truần • Hán-Nôm : truấn • Hán-Nôm : suấn • Hán-Nôm : suần • Hán-Nôm : sươn • Hán-Nôm : sun • Hán-Nôm : chúm • Hán-Nôm : chún
|
|唇
|-
|-
|唔
|唔
|Cantonese · Jyutping : m⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : m⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ
|Belongs to the *m- series of negatives; see 無 (OC *ma, “no”) for more. Cognate with the syllabic negative 毋 (m̄, m̀) in Hokkien and Hakka. ‖  ‖ Onomatopoeic. ‖
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : m⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ
|(Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) not (negator) ‖ Used to express agreement or permission: mhm; uh-huh • Used to express surprise. • Alternative form of 嗯: Used to express doubt. • (Cantonese) Used to express hesitation or thinking: hmm ‖ Only used in 咿唔 (yīwú, “sound of recitation”). ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 寤 (wù, “to wake”)
|(Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) not (negator) ‖ Used to express agreement or permission: mhm; uh-huh • Used to express surprise. • Alternative form of 嗯: Used to express doubt. • (Cantonese) Used to express hesitation or thinking: hmm ‖ Only used in 咿唔 (yīwú, “sound of recitation”). ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 寤 (wù, “to wake”)
|
|
Line 1,620: Line 1,919:
|唔 • (o) · 唔 • (o) (hangeul 오)
|唔 • (o) · 唔 • (o) (hangeul 오)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngô
|
|
|唔
|唔
|-
|-
|唳
|唳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let
|
|
|
|
Line 1,630: Line 1,931:
|唳 • (ryeo) · 唳 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ)
|唳 • (ryeo) · 唳 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ)
|cry of bird • cry
|cry of bird • cry
|
|
|
|唳
|唳
|-
|-
|唷
|唷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó
|A particle used to express surprise or query ‖ (Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) Emphatic final particle used to make requests
|A particle used to express surprise or query ‖ (Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) Emphatic final particle used to make requests
|
|
|
|
|唷 • (yuk) · 唷 • (yuk) (hangeul 육, revised yuk, McCune–Reischauer yuk)
|唷 • (yuk) · 唷 • (yuk) (hangeul 육, revised yuk, McCune–Reischauer yuk)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,644: Line 1,948:
|-
|-
|唸
|唸
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯːms, *tɯːns) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms, “to read”).
|
|
|
|
Line 1,650: Line 1,955:
|唸 • (jeom, jeon) · 唸 • (jeom, jeon) (hangeul 점, 전, revised jeom, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, chŏn)
|唸 • (jeom, jeon) · 唸 • (jeom, jeon) (hangeul 점, 전, revised jeom, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, chŏn)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nếm • Hán-Nôm : điếm • Hán-Nôm : điệm • Hán-Nôm : niệm
|
|
|唸
|唸
|-
|啓
|
|
|
| ‖ 啓(けい) • (Kei) ‖ 啓(けい) • (kei)
| ‖ a male given name ‖ disclose, open, say
|啓 (eumhun 열 계 (yeol gye))
|hanja form of 계 (“open, begin”)
|Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : kiết
|
|啓
|-
|-
|啕
|啕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : daw
|to wail
|to wail
|
|
|
|
|啕 • (do) · 啕 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)
|啕 • (do) · 啕 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,664: Line 1,984:
|-
|-
|啖
|啖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam • Middle-Chinese : damX • Middle-Chinese : damH
|to eat; to dine • to feed (someone/something) • to entice with the promise of profits; to lure with money • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua) Classifier for mouthfuls of things (water, rice, etc.) • (Cantonese) Classifier for kisses.
|to eat; to dine • to feed (someone/something) • to entice with the promise of profits; to lure with money • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua) Classifier for mouthfuls of things (water, rice, etc.) • (Cantonese) Classifier for kisses.
|
|
Line 1,670: Line 1,991:
|啖 • (dam) · 啖 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam)
|啖 • (dam) · 啖 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dạm • Hán-Nôm : đạm • Hán-Nôm : giảm
|
|
|啖
|啖
|-
|-
|啜
|啜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsherh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *djods, *tod, *tʰjod, *djod) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod). \ Possibly related to 噆 (OC *ʔsluːb, “(of a mosquito) to bite”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsherh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuat • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH • Middle-Chinese : dzywejH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwet • Middle-Chinese : dzywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : trjwet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshè
|(literary or dialectal) to taste; to eat; to drink; to sip • (Cantonese) to suck • (Cantonese) to kiss • (Cantonese) to stick to (a surface); to be stuck on • (literary) thick soup • (literary) to sob; to weep • (Hakka) Alternative form of 撮 (cod⁵) to cheat; to deceive; to hoax ‖ ^‡ to be talkative; to nag ‖ a surname
|(literary or dialectal) to taste; to eat; to drink; to sip • (Cantonese) to suck • (Cantonese) to kiss • (Cantonese) to stick to (a surface); to be stuck on • (literary) thick soup • (literary) to sob; to weep • (Hakka) Alternative form of 撮 (cod⁵) to cheat; to deceive; to hoax ‖ ^‡ to be talkative; to nag ‖ a surname
|
|
|
|
|啜 • (cheol) · 啜 • (cheol) (hangeul 철)
|啜 • (cheol) · 啜 • (cheol) (hangeul 철)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,684: Line 2,008:
|-
|-
|啞
|啞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : é • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : á ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : é • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : á • Middle-Chinese : 'aeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik • Middle-Chinese : 'aek • Middle-Chinese : 'eak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a • Middle-Chinese : 'aeH
|mute; dumb (unable to speak) • speechless; without sound • hoarse • (of a shell, bomb, etc.) to fail to explode; (of a firearm) to fail to fire ‖ (onomatopoeia) laughter; sound of laughing ‖ Alternative form of 呀 • (onomatopoeia) The sound of cawing. • (onomatopoeia) The sound of a child learning to speak.
|mute; dumb (unable to speak) • speechless; without sound • hoarse • (of a shell, bomb, etc.) to fail to explode; (of a firearm) to fail to fire ‖ (onomatopoeia) laughter; sound of laughing ‖ Alternative form of 呀 • (onomatopoeia) The sound of cawing. • (onomatopoeia) The sound of a child learning to speak.
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 1,690: Line 2,015:
|啞 • (a) · 啞 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a)
|啞 • (a) · 啞 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : á • Hán-Nôm : ạ • Hán-Nôm : ớ • Hán-Nôm : dạ
|
|
|啞
|啞
|-
|-
|啟
|啟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khé
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khé • Middle-Chinese : khejX
|to open • to enlighten; to educate; to inspire • to start; to begin; to commence • to inform; to state; to explain • note; short letter • (Chinese mythology) Qi of Xia (second king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty) • Short for 啟示錄／启示录 (Qǐshìlù, “Revelation”). • a surname
|to open • to enlighten; to educate; to inspire • to start; to begin; to commence • to inform; to state; to explain • note; short letter • (Chinese mythology) Qi of Xia (second king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty) • Short for 啟示錄／启示录 (Qǐshìlù, “Revelation”). • a surname
|
|
Line 1,700: Line 2,027:
|啟 • (gye) · 啟 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye)
|啟 • (gye) · 啟 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : khơi • Hán-Nôm : khui
|
|
|啟
|啟
|-
|-
|啣
|啣
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,709: Line 2,038:
|
|
|啣 • (ham) · 啣 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham)
|啣 • (ham) · 啣 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,714: Line 2,044:
|-
|-
|啥
|啥
|Probably a fusion of 什麼／什么 (shénme) (Lü, 1985).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siannh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sannh
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siannh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sannh
|(colloquial, dialectal Mandarin, Southern Min, Wu) what
|(colloquial, dialectal Mandarin, Southern Min, Wu) what
Line 1,720: Line 2,051:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sá
|
|
|啥
|啥
|-
|-
|啻
|啻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : syeH
|only; just • Original form of 啇 (dì). • Alternative form of 適／适
|only; just • Original form of 啇 (dì). • Alternative form of 適／适
|
|
|
|
|啻 • (si) · 啻 • (si) (hangeul 시)
|啻 • (si) · 啻 • (si) (hangeul 시)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,734: Line 2,068:
|-
|-
|啾
|啾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjuw
|(onomatopoeia) waa (wailing of a child) • (onomatopoeia) chirp (of a bird) • (onomatopoeia) chu (sound of a kiss)
|(onomatopoeia) waa (wailing of a child) • (onomatopoeia) chirp (of a bird) • (onomatopoeia) chu (sound of a kiss)
|
|
Line 1,740: Line 2,075:
|啾 • (chu) · 啾 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u)
|啾 • (chu) · 啾 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thu • Hán-Nôm : tu
|
|
|啾
|啾
|-
|-
|喀
|喀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 客 (OC *kʰraːɡ). \ Onomatopoeic; compare English hack.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa³ • Middle-Chinese : khaek
|(onomatopoeia) noise made in coughing or vomiting • Used in transliterations.
|(onomatopoeia) noise made in coughing or vomiting • Used in transliterations.
|
|
Line 1,750: Line 2,087:
|喀 • (gaek) · 喀 • (gaek) (hangeul 객, revised gaek, McCune–Reischauer kaek, Yale kayk)
|喀 • (gaek) · 喀 • (gaek) (hangeul 객, revised gaek, McCune–Reischauer kaek, Yale kayk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khách • Hán-Nôm : ca
|
|
|喀
|喀
|-
|-
|喃
|喃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnuːm) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 南 (OC *nuːm). ‖  ‖  ‖ From Vietnamese 喃 (Nôm), in turn from Chinese 南 (“south”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nream ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴
|(onomatopoeia) Used in 喃喃 (nánnán). • (onomatopoeia) Used in 呢喃 (nínán). ‖ Only used in 噆喃. ‖ (Southwestern Mandarin) Interrogative particle, equivalent to 呢 (ne) in Standard Chinese. ‖ (of or relating to) chữ Nôm ‖ Used in transcription.
|(onomatopoeia) Used in 喃喃 (nánnán). • (onomatopoeia) Used in 呢喃 (nínán). ‖ Only used in 噆喃. ‖ (Southwestern Mandarin) Interrogative particle, equivalent to 呢 (ne) in Standard Chinese. ‖ (of or relating to) chữ Nôm ‖ Used in transcription.
|
|
Line 1,760: Line 2,099:
|喃 • (nam) · 喃 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam)
|喃 • (nam) · 喃 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nam • Hán-Nôm : nẩm • Hán-Nôm : Nôm
|common speech
|common speech
|喃
|喃
|-
|-
|喋
|喋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap⁶
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draep
|talking endlessly; talkative ‖ bleeding ‖ mouth opening and closing; sucking
|talking endlessly; talkative ‖ bleeding ‖ mouth opening and closing; sucking
|
|
Line 1,770: Line 2,111:
|喋 • (cheop, jap) · 喋 • (cheop, jap) (hangeul 첩, 잡, revised cheop, jap, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, chap)
|喋 • (cheop, jap) · 喋 • (cheop, jap) (hangeul 첩, 잡, revised cheop, jap, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, chap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhịp
|
|
|喋
|喋
|-
|-
|喔
|喔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ok¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngak¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ooh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ok¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngak¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ooh
|the sound of a chicken: cluck ‖ Particle conveying realization.
|the sound of a chicken: cluck ‖ Particle conveying realization.
|
|
Line 1,780: Line 2,123:
|喔 • (ak) · 喔 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak)
|喔 • (ak) · 喔 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ác • Hán-Nôm : ộc • Hán-Nôm : ọt • Hán-Nôm : ốc • Hán-Nôm : ủ
|
|
|喔
|喔
|-
|-
|喟
|喟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : khwijH • Middle-Chinese : khweajH
|(literary) to heave a sigh; to sigh
|(literary) to heave a sigh; to sigh
|
|
Line 1,790: Line 2,135:
|喟 • (wi, goe) · 喟 • (wi, goe) (hangeul 위, 괴, revised wi, goe, McCune–Reischauer wi, koe, Yale wi, koy)
|喟 • (wi, goe) · 喟 • (wi, goe) (hangeul 위, 괴, revised wi, goe, McCune–Reischauer wi, koe, Yale wi, koy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vị
|
|
|喟
|喟
|-
|-
|喬
|喬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ
|Ideogram (指事) – a differentiated form (分化字) of 高 (OC *kaːw, “high, tall”), with a differentiating marker, which was variously a stroke, 屮, 止, 力, 九, or 夭. \ Based on the 夭 form, only attested starting from the Han dynasty (Chi, 2010), Shuowen erroneously interprets 夭 as a semantic component meaning “to bend” and treats the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . \ Cognate with 憍 (OC *krew, “to lift the head”), 驕 (OC *krew, “proud”), 撟 (OC *krewʔ, “to lift”), 嶠 (OC *ɡrews, “peak”); 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) and 蹻 (OC *krewʔ, “martial; vigorous”) could be allofams (Schuessler, 2007). \ Sagart (2017b) compares this word to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “to elevate; to exalt; to increase”) and Jingpho shagrau (“to exalt”). He also considers 鷮 (OC *krew, *ɡrew, “a kind of pheasant (with a long tail and feathers used for ornaments)”) to be related, comparing it to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he suggests is derived from the verb. ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖ Originally Hokkien 撨 (chhiâu). ‖ Transliteration of English names.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : kjew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ
|tall; lofty • section on the shaft of a spear near the spearhead for hanging a feather • a surname ‖ to pretend; to feign; to disguise • (archaic, derogatory) bad; vile; crafty; fake; stupid; cowardly; useless • (archaic) headstrong and easily angered ‖ Alternative form of 驕／骄 (jiāo, “proud; arrogant”) ‖ Only used in 喬詰／乔诘. ‖ (Hokkien) to make things difficult for ‖ (Hokkien, Taiwanese Mandarin) to discuss; to negotiate; to coordinate ‖ Joe (English given name) • Joel (English given name)
|tall; lofty • section on the shaft of a spear near the spearhead for hanging a feather • a surname ‖ to pretend; to feign; to disguise • (archaic, derogatory) bad; vile; crafty; fake; stupid; cowardly; useless • (archaic) headstrong and easily angered ‖ Alternative form of 驕／骄 (jiāo, “proud; arrogant”) ‖ Only used in 喬詰／乔诘. ‖ (Hokkien) to make things difficult for ‖ (Hokkien, Taiwanese Mandarin) to discuss; to negotiate; to coordinate ‖ Joe (English given name) • Joel (English given name)
|
|
Line 1,800: Line 2,147:
|喬 • (gyo) · 喬 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|喬 • (gyo) · 喬 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiều
|
|
|喬
|喬
|-
|-
|喱
|喱
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei¹
|grain (unit)
|grain (unit)
Line 1,810: Line 2,159:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : li
|
|
|喱
|喱
|-
|-
|喲
|喲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄡ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄡ
|An interjection used when surprised. ‖ A particle used at the end of phrases where there is a pause.
|An interjection used when surprised. ‖ A particle used at the end of phrases where there is a pause.
|
|
Line 1,820: Line 2,171:
|喲 • (yak) · 喲 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak)
|喲 • (yak) · 喲 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ước • Hán-Nôm : dục
|
|
|喲
|喲
|-
|-
|嗆
|嗆
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiùnn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshngh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshn̍gh
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiùnn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshngh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshn̍gh
|to choke (due to swallowing the wrong way) ‖ to irritate the respiratory organs, especially the nose (of smoke or odor) • (Taiwan) to shout at somebody; to speak out against somebody ‖ (Hokkien) to sniffle; to snuffle; to snort (especially outwards rather than inwards when the nose is stuffed) • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sob incessantly
|to choke (due to swallowing the wrong way) ‖ to irritate the respiratory organs, especially the nose (of smoke or odor) • (Taiwan) to shout at somebody; to speak out against somebody ‖ (Hokkien) to sniffle; to snuffle; to snort (especially outwards rather than inwards when the nose is stuffed) • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sob incessantly
Line 1,830: Line 2,183:
|嗆 • (chang) · 嗆 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)
|嗆 • (chang) · 嗆 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sang
|
|
|嗆
|嗆
|-
|-
|嗇
|嗇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹
|Characters in the same phonetic series (嗇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 來 + 㐭. ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik
|Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · to reap • Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · farming; farm labour ‖ (obsolete) to cherish • (obsolete) to save; to conserve; to not waste • miserly; thrifty; stingy • (obsolete) to covet • (obsolete) to lack; to be insufficient • (rare) to have a poor harvest • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) silent and not speaking; not disclosing anything • ：佯嗇嗇／佯啬啬 [Hokkien] ― tèⁿ sek sek [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to pretend not to know • a surname ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 濇／涩 (sè, “not smooth; not flowing”)
|Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · to reap • Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · farming; farm labour ‖ (obsolete) to cherish • (obsolete) to save; to conserve; to not waste • miserly; thrifty; stingy • (obsolete) to covet • (obsolete) to lack; to be insufficient • (rare) to have a poor harvest • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) silent and not speaking; not disclosing anything • ：佯嗇嗇／佯啬啬 [Hokkien] ― tèⁿ sek sek [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to pretend not to know • a surname ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 濇／涩 (sè, “not smooth; not flowing”)
|
|
Line 1,840: Line 2,195:
|嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) · 嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) (hangeul 아낄 색/거둘 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek)
|嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) · 嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) (hangeul 아낄 색/거둘 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek)
|miserly, thrifty, stingy • stopped up, constipated
|miserly, thrifty, stingy • stopped up, constipated
|Hán-Nôm : sắc
|
|
|嗇
|嗇
|-
|-
|嗎
|嗎
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ From 無 (OC *ma, “not”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ For Philippine Hokkien 嗎／吗 (--ba), it is borrowed from Tagalog ba (interrogative particle). ‖  ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ba ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊㄦ
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ba ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊㄦ
|Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions. ‖ Used as a phonetic character. ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) what
|Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions. ‖ Used as a phonetic character. ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) what
Line 1,850: Line 2,207:
|嗎 • (ma) · 嗎 • (ma) (hangeul 마)
|嗎 • (ma) · 嗎 • (ma) (hangeul 마)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mửa • Hán-Nôm : ma • Hán-Nôm : mớ • Hán-Nôm : mạ • Hán-Nôm : mắng • Hán-Nôm : mỉa • Hán-Nôm : mứa • Hán-Nôm : mựa
|
|
|嗎
|嗎
|-
|-
|嗑
|嗑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hap • Middle-Chinese : kap
|to crack between the teeth • to talk; to gab • Alternative form of 喝
|to crack between the teeth • to talk; to gab • Alternative form of 喝
|
|
Line 1,860: Line 2,219:
|
|
|eat seeds • reproach • loquacious
|eat seeds • reproach • loquacious
|Hán-Nôm : hạp
|
|
|嗑
|嗑
|-
|-
|嗟
|嗟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ
|In Small Seal Script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsljal) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral) (𧪘). In Regular Script, 言 (yán) became 口 (kǒu). ‖ In Small Seal Script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsljal) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral) (𧪘). In Regular Script, 言 (yán) became 口 (kǒu).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ
|(literary) sigh; alas ‖ Only used in 咄嗟 (duōjiē, “in a short time”).
|(literary) sigh; alas ‖ Only used in 咄嗟 (duōjiē, “in a short time”).
| ‖ 嗟(ああ) or 嗟(アー) • (ā)
| ‖ 嗟(ああ) or 嗟(アー) • (ā)
Line 1,870: Line 2,231:
|嗟 • (cha) · 嗟 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a)
|嗟 • (cha) · 嗟 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ta • Hán-Nôm : xơi
|
|
|嗟
|嗟
|-
|-
|嗤
|嗤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 蚩 (OC *tʰjɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhi
|to laugh at; to jeer; to sneer
|to laugh at; to jeer; to sneer
|
|
Line 1,880: Line 2,243:
|嗤 • (chi) · 嗤 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i)
|嗤 • (chi) · 嗤 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : si • Hán-Nôm : suy • Hán-Nôm : xỉ
|
|
|嗤
|嗤
|-
|-
|嗥
|嗥
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴
|howl (like a wolf); wail
|howl (like a wolf); wail
Line 1,890: Line 2,255:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hào
|
|
|嗥
|嗥
|-
|-
|嗦
|嗦
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so
|Used in 哆嗦 (duōsuo). • Used in 囉嗦／啰嗦 (luōsuo). • Used in 嗦嗦. • (Guangxi Mandarin) to eat (rice noodles, luosifen, etc.)
|Used in 哆嗦 (duōsuo). • Used in 囉嗦／啰嗦 (luōsuo). • Used in 嗦嗦. • (Guangxi Mandarin) to eat (rice noodles, luosifen, etc.)
Line 1,900: Line 2,267:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sách
|
|
|嗦
|嗦
|-
|-
|嗨
|嗨
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; speech”) + phonetic 海 (OC *hmlɯːʔ) ‖ From English hi. ‖ From English high.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hài ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hài ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹
|Alternative form of 咳 (hāi) ‖ (colloquial) hi; hey ‖ (colloquial) to get high on • (colloquial) to be exhilarated; to have fun (not necessarily under the influence of alcohol or recreational drugs)
|Alternative form of 咳 (hāi) ‖ (colloquial) hi; hey ‖ (colloquial) to get high on • (colloquial) to be exhilarated; to have fun (not necessarily under the influence of alcohol or recreational drugs)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,914: Line 2,284:
|-
|-
|嗯
|嗯
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥ
|Used as an interjection to express doubt or curiosity. ‖ Used as an interjection to express surprise. ‖ Used as an interjection to express agreement or pledge. • Alternative form of 硬 (yìng) ‖ (onomatopoeia) A groaning sound.
|Used as an interjection to express doubt or curiosity. ‖ Used as an interjection to express surprise. ‖ Used as an interjection to express agreement or pledge. • Alternative form of 硬 (yìng) ‖ (onomatopoeia) A groaning sound.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,924: Line 2,296:
|-
|-
|嗷
|嗷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋəw
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngaw
|(onomatopoeia) sound of wailing • clamor
|(onomatopoeia) sound of wailing • clamor
|
|
Line 1,930: Line 2,303:
|嗷 • (o) · 嗷 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|嗷 • (o) · 嗷 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngao • Hán-Nôm : ngào • Hán-Nôm : ngoao
|
|
|嗷
|嗷
|-
|-
|嗾
|嗾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : suwX • Middle-Chinese : suwH • Middle-Chinese : tshuwH
|urge on, incite
|urge on, incite
|
|
Line 1,940: Line 2,315:
|嗾 • (ju) · 嗾 • (ju) (hangeul 주)
|嗾 • (ju) · 嗾 • (ju) (hangeul 주)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thốc
|
|
|嗾
|嗾
|-
|嘆
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thàn • Middle-Chinese : than • Middle-Chinese : thanH
|to sigh • (literary or in compounds) to chant • (literary or in compounds) to praise; to exclaim in admiration • (grammar) Short for 嘆詞／叹词 (tàncí, “interjection”). • (Cantonese) to enjoy
| ‖ 嘆(たん) • (tan)
|to sigh • to lament • to moan • to grieve ‖ sigh
|嘆 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan))
|Alternative form of 歎 (“hanja form of 탄 (“sigh”)”)
|canonical : 嘆: Hán Việt readings: thán • canonical : than 嘆: Nôm readings: than • canonical : han • canonical : thán • canonical : thăn • canonical : hớn • canonical : hen • canonical : thơn
|Nôm form of than (“to complain”).
|嘆
|-
|-
|嘈
|嘈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zluː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 曹 (OC *zluː)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô • Middle-Chinese : dzaw
|noisy • (Cantonese) to make noise; to annoy by making noise • (Cantonese) to quarrel; to argue • (Cantonese) to complain; to make a fuss
|noisy • (Cantonese) to make noise; to annoy by making noise • (Cantonese) to quarrel; to argue • (Cantonese) to complain; to make a fuss
|
|
Line 1,950: Line 2,339:
|嘈 (eumhun 들렐 조 (deullel jo))
|嘈 (eumhun 들렐 조 (deullel jo))
|to make noise • noisy • talking voice
|to make noise • noisy • talking voice
|Hán-Nôm : tào
|
|
|嘈
|嘈
|-
|-
|嘍
|嘍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : loo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Middle-Chinese : luwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : loo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³
|Only used in 嗹嘍／𪡏喽. ‖ Used in 嘍囉／喽啰 (lóuluó). • Used in 吐嘍／吐喽. ‖ used in onomatopoetic expressions ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 摟／搂 (lau3)
|Only used in 嗹嘍／𪡏喽. ‖ Used in 嘍囉／喽啰 (lóuluó). • Used in 吐嘍／吐喽. ‖ used in onomatopoetic expressions ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 摟／搂 (lau3)
|
|
Line 1,960: Line 2,351:
|嘍 (eum 루 (ru))
|嘍 (eum 루 (ru))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lâu • Hán-Nôm : làu
|
|
|嘍
|嘍
|-
|-
|嘔
|嘔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : óo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄡ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ Ultimately onomatopoeic (Schuessler, 2007). \ STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔaw (“to vomit”), comparing it to Burmese အော့ (au.). \ Alternatively, it may be cognate with Tibetan སྐྱུག (skyug) (Schuessler, 2007) and Japhug qioʁ (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : óo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Middle-Chinese : 'uwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'uw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄡ
|to vomit ‖ Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”) • (onomatopoeia) Used to describe orchestral music, cooing, etc. ‖ to make someone angry • to become angry ‖ (literary) affable; kind • (literary) to exhale air to warm something up ‖ (obsolete) the sound of anger ‖ An informal greeting.
|to vomit ‖ Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”) • (onomatopoeia) Used to describe orchestral music, cooing, etc. ‖ to make someone angry • to become angry ‖ (literary) affable; kind • (literary) to exhale air to warm something up ‖ (obsolete) the sound of anger ‖ An informal greeting.
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 1,970: Line 2,363:
|嘔 • (gu, hu) · 嘔 • (gu, hu) (hangeul 구, 후, revised gu, hu, McCune–Reischauer ku, hu)
|嘔 • (gu, hu) · 嘔 • (gu, hu) (hangeul 구, 후, revised gu, hu, McCune–Reischauer ku, hu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ẩu • Hán-Nôm : xua • Hán-Nôm : ẫu
|
|
|嘔
|嘔
|-
|-
|嘖
|嘖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsraek • Middle-Chinese : dzreak • Middle-Chinese : tsreak ‖  
|(literary) to argue • (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking; tut; tsk
|(literary) to argue • (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking; tut; tsk
|
|
Line 1,980: Line 2,375:
|嘖 • (chaek) · 嘖 • (chaek) (hangeul 책, revised chaek, McCune–Reischauer ch'aek)
|嘖 • (chaek) · 嘖 • (chaek) (hangeul 책, revised chaek, McCune–Reischauer ch'aek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chép • Hán-Nôm : trách
|
|
|嘖
|嘖
|-
|-
|嘟
|嘟
| ‖  ‖ Onomatopoeic.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu
|Only used in 嘟囔 (dūnang). ‖ (regional, colloquial) to pout; to pucker up ‖ (of a car) to honk; to beep • (Cantonese, onomatopeia) beep sound • (Cantonese, euphemistic) bleep (as a replacement of any profanity) • (Cantonese) to tap a card; to swipe a card • (Cantonese, computing) to scan
|Only used in 嘟囔 (dūnang). ‖ (regional, colloquial) to pout; to pucker up ‖ (of a car) to honk; to beep • (Cantonese, onomatopeia) beep sound • (Cantonese, euphemistic) bleep (as a replacement of any profanity) • (Cantonese) to tap a card; to swipe a card • (Cantonese, computing) to scan
Line 1,990: Line 2,387:
|嘟 • (do) · 嘟 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)
|嘟 • (do) · 嘟 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đua • Hán-Nôm : đùa • Hán-Nôm : đô
|
|
|嘟
|嘟
|-
|-
|嘩
|嘩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : waa³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Middle-Chinese : xwae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : waa³
|to make noise; to be noisy; to be uproarious ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of flowing or gurgling water • (onomatopoeia) thump; clang; sound of crashing ‖ (Southern Min) to joke around; to laugh and play • (Southern Min) to make noise; to bustle ‖ (Cantonese) wow!; whoa! (used to express surprise or admiration)
|to make noise; to be noisy; to be uproarious ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of flowing or gurgling water • (onomatopoeia) thump; clang; sound of crashing ‖ (Southern Min) to joke around; to laugh and play • (Southern Min) to make noise; to bustle ‖ (Cantonese) wow!; whoa! (used to express surprise or admiration)
|
|
Line 2,000: Line 2,399:
|嘩 • (hwa) · 嘩 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa)
|嘩 • (hwa) · 嘩 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hoa
|
|
|嘩
|嘩
|-
|-
|嘮
|嘮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --lo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --lo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Middle-Chinese : trhaew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ
|to nag; to talk on and on; to chatter ‖ (dialectal) to talk; to chat ‖ Only used in 嘮呶／唠呶 (“to be noisy”). ‖ Alternative form of 詨／𰵦 (xiào, “sound of interjection”)
|to nag; to talk on and on; to chatter ‖ (dialectal) to talk; to chat ‖ Only used in 嘮呶／唠呶 (“to be noisy”). ‖ Alternative form of 詨／𰵦 (xiào, “sound of interjection”)
|
|
Line 2,010: Line 2,411:
|嘮 • (cho) · 嘮 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o)
|嘮 • (cho) · 嘮 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lao
|
|
|嘮
|嘮
|-
|-
|嘯
|嘯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːwɢs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ).
|to whistle • to howl; to roar; to scream; to cry
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàu • Middle-Chinese : sewH
|to whistle • to howl; to roar; to scream; to cry • (Taoism) type of breathing exercise involving vocalizations
| ‖ 嘯(うそ) • (uso) ‖ 嘯(うそふき) • (usofuki) ‖ 嘯(うそぶき) • (usobuki)
| ‖ 嘯(うそ) • (uso) ‖ 嘯(うそふき) • (usofuki) ‖ 嘯(うそぶき) • (usobuki)
|to whistle ‖ (archaic, possibly obsolete) a whistle (sound), a whistling sound ‖ the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”) ‖ whistling, making a whistling sound
|to whistle ‖ (archaic, possibly obsolete) a whistle (sound), a whistling sound ‖ the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”) ‖ whistling, making a whistling sound
|嘯 • (so) · 嘯 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so)
|嘯 • (so) · 嘯 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so)
|roar, howl, scream • whistle
|roar, howl, scream • whistle
|Hán-Nôm : khiếu
|
|
|嘯
|嘯
|-
|-
|嘰
|嘰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j
|to eat a little • to sigh • An onomatopoeia.
|to eat a little • to sigh • An onomatopoeia.
|
|
Line 2,030: Line 2,435:
|嘰 • (gi) · 嘰 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki)
|嘰 • (gi) · 嘰 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kí
|
|
|嘰
|嘰
|-
|-
|嘱
|嘱
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,040: Line 2,447:
|嘱 • (chok) · 嘱 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok)
|嘱 • (chok) · 嘱 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chúc
|
|
|嘱
|嘱
|-
|-
|噎
|噎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːɡ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 壹 (OC *qlid).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Middle-Chinese : 'et
|to choke • to breathe against the wind with difficulty • burp; belch • (dialectal) to render somebody speechless by saying something blunt or rule • (literary) to block; to obstruct
|to choke • to breathe against the wind with difficulty • burp; belch • (dialectal) to render somebody speechless by saying something blunt or rule • (literary) to block; to obstruct
|
|
Line 2,050: Line 2,459:
|噎 • (yeol) · 噎 • (yeol) (hangeul 열, revised yeol, McCune–Reischauer yŏl)
|噎 • (yeol) · 噎 • (yeol) (hangeul 열, revised yeol, McCune–Reischauer yŏl)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ế • Hán-Nôm : nhắc • Hán-Nôm : nhắt • Hán-Nôm : nhốt
|
|
|噎
|噎
|-
|-
|噓
|噓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoe¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjo • Middle-Chinese : xjoH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoe¹
|to slowly exhale • to sigh; to lament • to praise; to flatter • to heat by steam or fire ‖ (Mandarin, interjection) hush! shh! ‖ hooting; boo; disapproval sound • to boo
|to slowly exhale • to sigh; to lament • to praise; to flatter • to heat by steam or fire ‖ (Mandarin, interjection) hush! shh! ‖ hooting; boo; disapproval sound • to boo
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 2,060: Line 2,471:
|噓 • (heo) · 噓 • (heo) (hangeul 허, revised heo, McCune–Reischauer hŏ)
|噓 • (heo) · 噓 • (heo) (hangeul 허, revised heo, McCune–Reischauer hŏ)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hờ • Hán-Nôm : hư
|
|
|噓
|噓
|-
|-
|噗
|噗
|Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 菐 (pú).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍k
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍k
|(onomatopoeia) the sound of sudden laughter, outgassing, the release of liquid or gas generally, etc.
|(onomatopoeia) the sound of sudden laughter, outgassing, the release of liquid or gas generally, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,074: Line 2,488:
|-
|-
|噙
|噙
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam⁴
|
|
Line 2,080: Line 2,495:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gầm
|
|
|噙
|噙
|-
|-
|噢
|噢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ ‖  
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|"Only used in 噢咻. ‖ Only used in 噢咿. ‖ interjection for pain, sadness; realization: ""Oh!"" ‖ Sentence-final particle used to indicate a monishing tone. • Sentence-final particle used to indicate an informative tone."
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Middle-Chinese : 'juX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Middle-Chinese : 'juwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ ‖  
|Only used in 噢咻. ‖ Only used in 噢咿. ‖ interjection for pain, sadness; realization: "Oh!" ‖ Sentence-final particle used to indicate a monishing tone. • Sentence-final particle used to indicate an informative tone.
|
|
|
|
|噢 • (uk, u) · 噢 • (uk, u) (hangeul 욱, 우)
|噢 • (uk, u) · 噢 • (uk, u) (hangeul 욱, 우)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : úc • Hán-Nôm : ủ • Hán-Nôm : ục
|
|
|噢
|噢
|-
|-
|噤
|噤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìm • Middle-Chinese : gimX • Middle-Chinese : gimH
|to close one's mouth and be silent; to be unable to speak • to shiver, to tremble
|to close one's mouth and be silent; to be unable to speak • to shiver, to tremble
|
|
Line 2,100: Line 2,519:
|噤 • (geum) · 噤 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune–Reischauer kŭm)
|噤 • (geum) · 噤 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune–Reischauer kŭm)
|close • be silent, be unable speak
|close • be silent, be unable speak
|Hán-Nôm : gặm
|
|
|噤
|噤
|-
|-
|噥
|噥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnuːŋ, *nuːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 農 (OC *nuːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nowng • Middle-Chinese : nraewng
|
|
|
|
Line 2,110: Line 2,531:
|噥 (eum 농 (nong))
|噥 (eum 농 (nong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nũng
|
|
|噥
|噥
|-
|-
|噫
|噫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'i ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'eajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ
|(Classical) alas; sigh (expressing regret or grief) • huh; wow; eh (expressing surprise or wonder) ‖ to belch; to burp • (obsolete) to exhale; to blow ‖ Alternative form of 抑 (yì, “but; however”)
|(Classical) alas; sigh (expressing regret or grief) • huh; wow; eh (expressing surprise or wonder) ‖ to belch; to burp • (obsolete) to exhale; to blow ‖ Alternative form of 抑 (yì, “but; however”)
| ‖  
| ‖  
|exclamation • burp, belch ‖  
|exclamation • burp, belch ‖  
|噫 (eumhun 한숨 쉴 희 (hansum swil hui)) ‖ 噫 (eumhun 트림할 애 (teurimhal ae))
|噫 (eumhun 한숨 쉴 희 (hansum swil hui)) ‖ 噫 (eumhun 트림할 애 (teurimhal ae))
|Hanja form of 희 (“to sigh; to groan”). • (literary) Hanja form of 희 (“alas (expressing regret or surprise)”). ‖ Hanja form of 애 (“to belch; to burp”).
|hanja form of 희 (“to sigh; to groan”) • (literary) hanja form of 희 (“alas (expressing regret or surprise)”) ‖ hanja form of 애 (“to belch; to burp”)
|Hán-Nôm : y
|
|
|噫
|噫
|-
|-
|噬
|噬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djads) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads). \ Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Middle-Chinese : dzyejH
|to bite; to gnaw
|to bite; to gnaw
|
|
Line 2,130: Line 2,555:
|噬 • (seo) · 噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)
|噬 • (seo) · 噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phè
|
|
|噬
|噬
|-
|-
|噯
|噯
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ
|An interjection expressing disagreement or negation. • Synonym of 噯氣／嗳气 (ǎiqì, “to belch; to burp”) ‖ An interjection expressing annoyance or regret.
|An interjection expressing disagreement or negation. • Synonym of 噯氣／嗳气 (ǎiqì, “to belch; to burp”) ‖ An interjection expressing annoyance or regret.
Line 2,140: Line 2,567:
|噯 • (ae) · 噯 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae)
|噯 • (ae) · 噯 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : áy
|
|
|噯
|噯
|-
|-
|噱
|噱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Middle-Chinese : gjak
|
|
|
|
Line 2,150: Line 2,579:
|噱 • (gyak) · 噱 • (gyak) (hangeul 갹, revised gyak, McCune–Reischauer kyak)
|噱 • (gyak) · 噱 • (gyak) (hangeul 갹, revised gyak, McCune–Reischauer kyak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cược • Hán-Nôm : hước • Hán-Nôm : hược
|
|
|噱
|噱
|-
|-
|噸
|噸
|Borrowed from English ton. For Taiwanese Hokkien tòng, via Japanese トン (ton).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng
|Classifier for metric ton. • Classifier for ton; tonne. • Classifier for registered ton.
|Classifier for metric ton. • Classifier for ton; tonne. • Classifier for registered ton.
Line 2,160: Line 2,591:
|噸 • (ton) · 噸 • (ton) (hangeul 톤, McCune–Reischauer t'on)
|噸 • (ton) · 噸 • (ton) (hangeul 톤, McCune–Reischauer t'on)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đốn
|
|
|噸
|噸
|-
|-
|噹
|噹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang
|the sound of bells
|the sound of bells
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,174: Line 2,608:
|-
|-
|嚀
|嚀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ ‖  
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Middle-Chinese : neng ‖  
|to enjoin ‖ (Taishanese) that • (Taishanese) there
|to enjoin ‖ (Taishanese) that • (Taishanese) there
|
|
Line 2,180: Line 2,615:
|嚀 • (nyeong) · 嚀 • (nyeong) (hangeul 녕, revised nyeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng)
|嚀 • (nyeong) · 嚀 • (nyeong) (hangeul 녕, revised nyeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ninh
|
|
|嚀
|嚀
|-
|-
|嚅
|嚅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nyu
|Used in compounds.
|Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 2,190: Line 2,627:
|嚅 (eum 유 (yu))
|嚅 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nheo
|
|
|嚅
|嚅
|-
|-
|嚏
|嚏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 疐 (OC *tiːɡs, *tiɡs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè • Middle-Chinese : tejH
|to sneeze
|to sneeze
|
|
Line 2,200: Line 2,639:
|嚏 • (che) · 嚏 • (che) (hangeul 체, revised che, McCune–Reischauer ch'e)
|嚏 • (che) · 嚏 • (che) (hangeul 체, revised che, McCune–Reischauer ch'e)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xì
|
|
|嚏
|嚏
|-
|-
|嚕
|嚕
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 魯 (OC *raːʔ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lu³
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lu³
|Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate relief due to change of state. • (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate disappointment due to change of state.
|Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate relief due to change of state. • (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate disappointment due to change of state.
Line 2,210: Line 2,651:
|嚕 • (ro) · 嚕 • (ro) (hangeul 로, revised ro, McCune–Reischauer ro)
|嚕 • (ro) · 嚕 • (ro) (hangeul 로, revised ro, McCune–Reischauer ro)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lỗ • Hán-Nôm : rủa • Hán-Nôm : sủa • Hán-Nôm : ruả
|
|
|嚕
|嚕
|-
|-
|嚥
|嚥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeːns) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 燕 (OC *qeːn, *qeːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³ • Middle-Chinese : 'enH
|to swallow
|to swallow
|
|
Line 2,220: Line 2,663:
|嚥 • (yeon) · 嚥 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|嚥 • (yeon) · 嚥 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yết • Hán-Nôm : en • Hán-Nôm : ẻn
|
|
|嚥
|嚥
|-
|-
|嚨
|嚨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng
|Used in compounds.
|Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 2,230: Line 2,675:
|嚨 • (rong) · 嚨 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong)
|嚨 • (rong) · 嚨 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong)
|throat
|throat
|Hán-Nôm : lùng
|
|
|嚨
|嚨
|-
|-
|嚮
|嚮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ • Middle-Chinese : xjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng² • Middle-Chinese : xjangX
|to turn toward; to approach • toward; facing; against • direction, side, face • to look out on • in the past; previously ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 享 • (obsolete) Alternative form of 響／响
|to turn toward; to approach • toward; facing; against • direction, side, face • to look out on • in the past; previously ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 享 • (obsolete) Alternative form of 響／响
|
|
Line 2,240: Line 2,687:
|嚮 • (hyang) · 嚮 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang)
|嚮 • (hyang) · 嚮 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hướng • Hán-Nôm : hưởng
|
|
|嚮
|嚮
|-
|-
|嚶
|嚶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'eang
|(onomatopoeia) the call of a bird
|(onomatopoeia) the call of a bird
|
|
Line 2,250: Line 2,699:
|嚶 • (aeng) · 嚶 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng)
|嚶 • (aeng) · 嚶 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : inh
|
|
|嚶
|嚶
|-
|-
|囀
|囀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tons) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 轉 (OC *tonʔ, *tons). \ Onomatopoetic.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Middle-Chinese : trjwenH
|(of birds) to sing, to chirp, to warble, to twitter
|(of birds) to sing, to chirp, to warble, to twitter
|
|
Line 2,260: Line 2,711:
|囀 • (jeon) · 囀 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn)
|囀 • (jeon) · 囀 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuyển
|
|
|囀
|囀
|-
|-
|囁
|囁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap • Middle-Chinese : nyep • Middle-Chinese : tsyep
|soft unclear voice • move the mouth as in speaking; to chatter • hesitation • (Hokkien) to talk bad behind one's back; to chatter; to have words; to speak recklessly; to fabricate slander
|soft unclear voice • move the mouth as in speaking; to chatter • hesitation • (Hokkien) to talk bad behind one's back; to chatter; to have words; to speak recklessly; to fabricate slander
|
|
Line 2,270: Line 2,723:
|囁 (eum 섭 (seop)) · 囁 (eum 엽 (yeop))
|囁 (eum 섭 (seop)) · 囁 (eum 엽 (yeop))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chiếp • Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : niếp
|
|
|囁
|囁
|-
|-
|囂
|囂
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㗊 (“four mouths; to clamor”) + 頁 (“head”) – a clamoring crowd. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㗊 (“four mouths; to clamor”) + 頁 (“head”) – a clamoring crowd.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ
|to be loud; to be noisy; to clamor • arrogant ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 隞 (Áo, “Ao (capital of the Shang Dynasty)”)
|to be loud; to be noisy; to clamor • arrogant ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 隞 (Áo, “Ao (capital of the Shang Dynasty)”)
Line 2,280: Line 2,735:
|囂 • (hyo) · 囂 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)
|囂 • (hyo) · 囂 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)
|clamorous, noisy
|clamorous, noisy
|Hán-Nôm : hiu
|
|
|囂
|囂
|-
|-
|囈
|囈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngjiejH
|to talk in one's sleep; to sleeptalk
|to talk in one's sleep; to sleeptalk
|
|
Line 2,290: Line 2,747:
|囈 (eum 예 (ye))
|囈 (eum 예 (ye))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghệ
|
|
|囈
|囈
|-
|-
|囉
|囉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lō ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : --loo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --looh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl). ‖  ‖  ‖ Borrowed from English gross (Cheung, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lō • Middle-Chinese : la ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : --loo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --looh
|annoying; noisy • to nag; to argue; to prattle; to chatter • Used in medieval Buddhist texts to transcribe the Sanskrit syllable ra. ‖ Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); indicates that a suggestion or conclusion should be obvious. • Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); connects a condition to a result or suggestion. • Statement-final particle used to express impatience or vexation. • Statement-final particle used to invite agreement or sympathy. ‖ (Cantonese) buttocks (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ (Cantonese) gross (twelve dozen, 144) ‖ (Hokkien) already; now (final perfective particle expressing completion)
|annoying; noisy • to nag; to argue; to prattle; to chatter • Used in medieval Buddhist texts to transcribe the Sanskrit syllable ra. ‖ Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); indicates that a suggestion or conclusion should be obvious. • Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); connects a condition to a result or suggestion. • Statement-final particle used to express impatience or vexation. • Statement-final particle used to invite agreement or sympathy. ‖ (Cantonese) buttocks (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ (Cantonese) gross (twelve dozen, 144) ‖ (Hokkien) already; now (final perfective particle expressing completion)
|
|
Line 2,300: Line 2,759:
|囉 • (ra) · 囉 • (ra) (hangeul 라, revised ra, McCune–Reischauer ra)
|囉 • (ra) · 囉 • (ra) (hangeul 라, revised ra, McCune–Reischauer ra)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : ra
|
|
|囉
|囉
|-
|-
|囌
|囌
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹
|Only used in 嚕囌／噜苏 (lūsū).
|Only used in 嚕囌／噜苏 (lūsū).
Line 2,310: Line 2,771:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tô
|
|
|囌
|囌
|-
|-
|囪
|囑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoɡ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 屬 (OC *tjoɡ, *djoɡ).
|chimney, funnel
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Middle-Chinese : tsyowk
|to enjoin; to urge; to instruct • to entrust; to put into the care of; to request • words of enjoinment; advice; testament
|
|
|
|
|囪 • (chang, chong) · 囪 • (chang, chong) (hangeul 창, 총, revised chang, chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, ch'ong)
|囑 • (chok) · 囑 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chúc
|
|
|囪
|囑
|-
|-
|囱
|囱
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,330: Line 2,795:
|囱 • (chong, chang) · 囱 • (chong, chang) (hangeul 총, 창, revised chong, chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ch'ang)
|囱 • (chong, chang) · 囱 • (chong, chang) (hangeul 총, 창, revised chong, chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ch'ang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : song
|
|
|囱
|囱
|-
|-
|国
|国
|Simplified from 國 (或 → 玉). Also compare 囯, an unorthodox variant of 國 that contains 王 (“king”) instead of 玉 (“jade”).
|
|
|
|
Line 2,339: Line 2,806:
| ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state • the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state • a province of ancient Japan • the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan • one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state
| ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state • the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state • a province of ancient Japan • the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan • one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state
|
|
|Alternative form of 國 (“Hanja form of 국 (“country; state; nation; land”).”)
|Alternative form of 國 (“hanja form of 국 (“country; state; nation; land”)”)
|canonical : 国: Hán Việt readings: quốc 国: Nôm readings: quốc
|Alternative form of 國 (“chữ Hán form of quốc (“(only in compounds) nation; state; country”).”)
|Alternative form of 國 (“chữ Hán form of quốc (“(only in compounds) nation; state; country”).”)
|国
|国
|-
|-
|圬
|圬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'u
|
|
|
|
Line 2,350: Line 2,819:
|圬 (eum 오 (o))
|圬 (eum 오 (o))
|trowel
|trowel
|Hán-Nôm : hũ
|
|
|圬
|圬
|-
|-
|圭
|圭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui
|Pictogram (象形) : 土 + 土 – stack of (clay, jade) tablets. Duplication of 土.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui • Middle-Chinese : kwej
|jade pointed at top • (historical) jade tablet used by officials when addressing the emperor in court • (historical) gui (type of ancient Chinese sundial) • a surname
|jade pointed at top • (historical) jade tablet used by officials when addressing the emperor in court • (historical) gui (type of ancient Chinese sundial) • a surname
| ‖ 圭(けい) • (Kei)
| ‖ 圭(けい) • (Kei)
Line 2,360: Line 2,831:
|圭 (eum 규 (gyu))
|圭 (eum 규 (gyu))
|jade pointed at top
|jade pointed at top
|Hán-Nôm : quê • Hán-Nôm : khoai • Hán-Nôm : khuê • Hán-Nôm : que
|
|
|圭
|圭
|-
|-
|圯
|圯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯ) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 巳 (OC *ljɯʔ, *lɯs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yi
|bridge
|bridge
|
|
Line 2,370: Line 2,843:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 圯: Hán Việt readings: di 圯: Nôm readings: dãy • canonical : dẻ • canonical : dẽ • canonical : dĩ
|
|
|圯
|圯
|-
|-
|圳
|圳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ
|furrow in a field; small drainage in a field ‖ Only used in 深圳 (Shēnzhèn). ‖ The meaning of this term is uncertain.
|furrow in a field; small drainage in a field ‖ Only used in 深圳 (Shēnzhèn). ‖ The meaning of this term is uncertain.
|
|
Line 2,380: Line 2,855:
|圳 • (su, cheon) · 圳 • (su, cheon) (hangeul 수, 천, revised su, cheon, McCune–Reischauer su, ch'ŏn)
|圳 • (su, cheon) · 圳 • (su, cheon) (hangeul 수, 천, revised su, cheon, McCune–Reischauer su, ch'ŏn)
|Used in placename (See 深圳) • Note: the pronunciation 수(su), which is attested as standard in most of Korean hanja dictionaries, is reconstructed from Fanqie, whereas 천(cheon) is derived from the modern Chinese pronunciation. As this hanja is not used in common Sino-Korean words, 천 is used in most of Korean dialogues and documents.
|Used in placename (See 深圳) • Note: the pronunciation 수(su), which is attested as standard in most of Korean hanja dictionaries, is reconstructed from Fanqie, whereas 천(cheon) is derived from the modern Chinese pronunciation. As this hanja is not used in common Sino-Korean words, 천 is used in most of Korean dialogues and documents.
|
|
|
|圳
|圳
|-
|-
|坍
|坍
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 丹 (OC *taːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹
|to collapse; to topple
|to collapse; to topple
Line 2,390: Line 2,867:
|坍 (eum 담 (dam))
|坍 (eum 담 (dam))
|
|
|canonical : 坍: Nôm readings: đàn • canonical : than
|
|
|坍
|坍
|-
|-
|坩
|坩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khann ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːm, *kʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːm, *kʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khann • Middle-Chinese : kham ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴
|earthenware ‖ Only used in 坩堝／坩埚 (gānguō).
|earthenware ‖ Only used in 坩堝／坩埚 (gānguō).
|
|
Line 2,400: Line 2,879:
|坩 • (gam) · 坩 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam)
|坩 • (gam) · 坩 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam)
|earthenware, earthenware vessel
|earthenware, earthenware vessel
|Hán-Nôm : cam
|
|
|坩
|坩
|-
|-
|坼
|坼
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ) : semantic 图 (“hand”) + phonetic 斥 (OC *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak³
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak³
|^† to crack; to break open • ^† to sprout; to blossom
|^† to crack; to break open • ^† to sprout; to blossom
Line 2,410: Line 2,891:
|坼 • (tak) · 坼 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak)
|坼 • (tak) · 坼 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak)
|split • open
|split • open
|Hán-Nôm : sách
|
|
|坼
|坼
|-
|-
|垠
|垠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gûn • Middle-Chinese : ngin • Middle-Chinese : ngj+n • Middle-Chinese : ngon
|boundary; limit • dike; riverbank; raised border
|boundary; limit • dike; riverbank; raised border
|
|
Line 2,420: Line 2,903:
|垠 • (eun) · 垠 • (eun) (hangeul 은)
|垠 • (eun) · 垠 • (eun) (hangeul 은)
|boundary • bank of stream or river
|boundary • bank of stream or river
|Hán-Nôm : hằn • Hán-Nôm : ngăn • Hán-Nôm : ngấn • Hán-Nôm : ngân • Hán-Nôm : ngần
|
|
|垠
|垠
|-
|-
|埂
|埂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg ‖  
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg • Middle-Chinese : kaeng • Middle-Chinese : kaengX ‖  
|low bank of earth between fields; earth dyke ‖ (Lichuan Gan) to argue; to quarrel
|low bank of earth between fields; earth dyke ‖ (Lichuan Gan) to argue; to quarrel
|
|
Line 2,430: Line 2,915:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ghềnh
|
|
|埂
|埂
|-
|-
|埔
|埔
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甫. ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo
|(Hakka, Southern Min) plain; flatland • Used in place names. ‖ Used in 黃埔／黄埔 (Huángpǔ). ‖ Alternative form of 埠 (“wharf”) • Used in place names. • (Hong Kong) Short for 大埔 (Dàbù, “Tai Po”). ‖ Used in 查埔 (cha-po͘, “man”). ‖ Used in 柬埔寨 (Jiǎnpǔzhài).
|(Hakka, Southern Min) plain; flatland • Used in place names. ‖ Used in 黃埔／黄埔 (Huángpǔ). ‖ Alternative form of 埠 (“wharf”) • Used in place names. • (Hong Kong) Short for 大埔 (Dàbù, “Tai Po”). ‖ Used in 查埔 (cha-po͘, “man”). ‖ Used in 柬埔寨 (Jiǎnpǔzhài).
Line 2,440: Line 2,927:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bộ
|
|
|埔
|埔
|-
|-
|堕
|堕
|Simplified from 墮 (elimination of 工).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|to degenerate • to descend to • to lapse into
|to degenerate • to descend to • to lapse into
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,454: Line 2,944:
|-
|-
|堯
|堯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːw) : phonetic 垚 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 兀 (“towering and bald”). Also an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 垚 (“tall (of earth)”) + 兀 (“towering and bald”). \ The oracle bone script consists of two 土 (“soil; earth”) at the top and one 兀 at the bottom.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâu • Middle-Chinese : ngew
|^‡ lofty; high • Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China • a surname • (Mainland China) yotta- (SI unit prefix)
|^‡ lofty; high • Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China • a surname • (Mainland China) yotta- (SI unit prefix)
|
|
Line 2,460: Line 2,951:
|堯 • (yo) · 堯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)
|堯 • (yo) · 堯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghiêu • Hán-Nôm : nghẻo • Hán-Nôm : nghễu • Hán-Nôm : nhao • Hán-Nôm : nhiều
|
|
|堯
|堯
|-
|-
|塢
|塢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːʔ, *qaːs) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 烏 (OC *qaː)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Middle-Chinese : 'uX
|(literary) castle or obstruction that provides protection • (literary) small market town • hollow; place with elevated surroundings and a depressed center • structure with high sides to keep the wind out (e.g. a dock)
|(literary) castle or obstruction that provides protection • (literary) small market town • hollow; place with elevated surroundings and a depressed center • structure with high sides to keep the wind out (e.g. a dock)
|
|
Line 2,470: Line 2,963:
|塢 • (o) · 塢 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|塢 • (o) · 塢 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ổ • Hán-Nôm : ọ • Hán-Nôm : ủ • Hán-Nôm : ụ
|
|
|塢
|塢
|-
|-
|塵
|塵
|Cantonese · Jyutping : can⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thûn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鹿 (“deer”) + 土 (“soil, dust”) – cloud of dust produced by a (group of) running deer. Ancient simplification of 𪋻, which pictures three deer on top instead of one. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dul ~ r-tul (“dust”). Cognate with Tibetan རྡུལ (rdul, “dust, particle”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : can⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thûn • Middle-Chinese : drin
|dust; dirt; ashes; cinders • to be streaked with dirt; to become stained • trace; footprint • (figurative) dirty thing • (figurative) war; warfare • (Buddhism) this world; mundane world; this mortal life • (Buddhism) the number billionth (10⁻⁹) • for a long time • a surname
|dust; dirt; ashes; cinders • to be streaked with dirt; to become stained • trace; footprint • (figurative) dirty thing • (figurative) war; warfare • (Buddhism) this world; mundane world; this mortal life • (Buddhism) the number billionth (10⁻⁹) • for a long time • a surname
| ‖ 塵(ちり) • (chiri) ‖ 塵(じん) • (jin) ^(←ぢん (din)?)
| ‖ 塵(ちり) • (chiri) ‖ 塵(じん) • (jin) ^(←ぢん (din)?)
Line 2,480: Line 2,975:
|塵 • (jin) · 塵 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin)
|塵 • (jin) · 塵 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trần • Hán-Nôm : chần
|
|
|塵
|塵
|-
|-
|塹
|塹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Middle-Chinese : tshjemH
|A deep pit or trench, especially a city moat • A natural barrier • A rift valley
|A deep pit or trench, especially a city moat • A natural barrier • A rift valley
|
|
Line 2,490: Line 2,987:
|塹 • (cham) · 塹 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am)
|塹 • (cham) · 塹 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khiếm
|
|
|塹
|塹
|-
|-
|墀
|墀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : drij
|
|
|
|
Line 2,500: Line 2,999:
|墀 • (ji) · 墀 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi)
|墀 • (ji) · 墀 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trì
|
|
|墀
|墀
|-
|-
|墊
|墊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dim³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dim³ • Middle-Chinese : temH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep
|pad; cushion; mat • to put something under something else to raise or balance it • to fill up something; to insert something • (Southern Min) to sow ‖ to pay something in advance; to pay for somebody ‖ to sink down; to drown; to perish; to descend ‖ Only used in 墊江／垫江 (Diànjiāng).
|pad; cushion; mat • to put something under something else to raise or balance it • to fill up something; to insert something • (Southern Min) to sow ‖ to pay something in advance; to pay for somebody ‖ to sink down; to drown; to perish; to descend ‖ Only used in 墊江／垫江 (Diànjiāng).
|
|
Line 2,510: Line 3,011:
|墊 • (jeom) · 墊 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm)
|墊 • (jeom) · 墊 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điếm
|
|
|墊
|墊
|-
|-
|壅
|壅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs) : phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 土 (“soil; ground”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowngX
|(literary) to obstruct; to block; to stop • (literary) to heap; to pile up • (literary) to cover; to hide
|(literary) to obstruct; to block; to stop • (literary) to heap; to pile up • (literary) to cover; to hide
|
|
|plug up • shut up
|plug up • shut up
|壅 (eumhun 막을 옹 (mageul ong))
|壅 (eumhun 막을 옹 (mageul ong))
|Hanja form of 옹 (“to block; to obstruct”).
|hanja form of 옹 (“to block; to obstruct”)
|Hán-Nôm : ung
|
|
|壅
|壅
|-
|-
|壑
|壑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok • Middle-Chinese : xak
|mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully • hole; deep hole with water
|mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully • hole; deep hole with water
|
|
Line 2,530: Line 3,035:
|壑 • (hak) · 壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)
|壑 • (hak) · 壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hác
|
|
|壑
|壑
|-
|-
|壕
|壕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːw) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô • Middle-Chinese : haw
|moat; channel • (military) trench • (Internet slang) Alternative form of 土豪 (tǔháo)
|moat; channel • (military) trench • (Internet slang) Alternative form of 土豪 (tǔháo)
| ‖ 壕(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 壕(ほり) • (hori)
| ‖ 壕(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 壕(ほり) • (hori)
Line 2,540: Line 3,047:
|壕 • (ho) · 壕 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho)
|壕 • (ho) · 壕 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hào
|
|
|壕
|壕
|-
|壘
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Middle-Chinese : lwijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leot⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ
|rampart; military wall • (baseball) base • to pile up ‖ Only used in 鬱壘／郁垒 (Yùlǜ). ‖ Used in 磈壘／磈垒. • Alternative form of 纍／累 (léi) • Alternative form of 蘲 (léi)
| ‖ 壘(るい) • (rui)
| ‖ Kyūjitai form of 塁
|壘 (eumhun 진 루 (jin ru), word-initial (South Korea) 진 누 (jin nu))
|hanja form of 루/누 (“rampart”) • hanja form of 루/누 (“(baseball) base”)
|Hán-Nôm : lũy • Hán-Nôm : luỹ
|
|壘
|-
|-
|壙
|壙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːŋs) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : khwangH
|(literary) tomb; grave • (literary) open wilderness; prairie • (literary) Alternative form of 曠／旷 (kuàng, “vast; expansive”)
|(literary) tomb; grave • (literary) open wilderness; prairie • (literary) Alternative form of 曠／旷 (kuàng, “vast; expansive”)
|
|
Line 2,550: Line 3,071:
|壙 • (gwang) · 壙 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang)
|壙 • (gwang) · 壙 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khoảng
|
|
|壙
|壙
|-
|-
|壟
|壟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roŋʔ) : phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) + semantic 土 (“earth”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : ljowngX
|grave; mound • raised path between fields • ridge
|grave; mound • raised path between fields • ridge
|
|
Line 2,560: Line 3,083:
|壟 • (rong) · 壟 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong)
|壟 • (rong) · 壟 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lũng
|
|
|壟
|壟
|-
|-
|壩
|壩
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːɡs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 霸 (OC *praːɡs).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : baa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè
|Cantonese · Jyutping : baa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè
|dam; embankment; dike • Alternative form of 垻／坝 (“plain; beach”) • beach (sandy, on a river, lake or coast, used chiefly in place names)
|dam; embankment; dike • Alternative form of 垻／坝 (“plain; beach”) • beach (sandy, on a river, lake or coast, used chiefly in place names)
Line 2,570: Line 3,095:
|壩 • (pae) · 壩 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'ae)
|壩 • (pae) · 壩 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'ae)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bá
|
|
|壩
|壩
|-
|-
|壮
|壮
|Simplified from 壯 (爿 → 丬)
|
|
|
|
Line 2,580: Line 3,107:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tráng
|
|
|壮
|壮
Line 2,586: Line 3,114:
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 声(こえ) • (koe) ^(←こゑ (kowe)?) ‖ 声(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
|
|voice ‖ voice ‖ voice, speech • tone • variation of stress in pronunciation • tone mark
| ‖ 声(こえ) • (koe) ^(←こゑ (kowe)?) ‖ 声(せい) • (sei) ‖ 声(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ 声(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
| ‖ a voice • an accent • a feedback • (in the form ～の声を聞く (...no koe o kiku), lit. “listenable voice”) a feeling, sound, or tone of something • a voiced sound • (archaic) a Sino-Japanese pronunciation or reading of a Chinese character, as opposed to its 訓 (kun) or native Japanese counterpart ‖ voice • speech, word • fame, honor, reputation • Chinese character pronunciation ‖ a voice, speech • a tone • a variation of stress in pronunciation • Short for 声点 (shōten): a tone mark (in Middle Chinese) ‖ voice, sound • expression, speech • tone (in Chinese linguistics)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,594: Line 3,124:
|-
|-
|壺
|壺
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo
|Contraction of 葫蘆 (OC *ɡaː raː, “calabash”) (Wu, 2006).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Middle-Chinese : hu
|pot; jar; kettle (vessel used to boil liquid); jug; vase; can; thermos; bottle; flask; canteen (water bottle) • (historical) a kind of ancient vessel • Classifier for bottled liquid. • a surname
|pot; jar; kettle (vessel used to boil liquid); jug; vase; can; thermos; bottle; flask; canteen (water bottle) • (historical) a kind of ancient vessel • Classifier for bottled liquid. • a surname
| ‖ 壺(つぼ) • (tsubo) ‖ 壺(こ) • (ko)
| ‖ 壺(つぼ) • (tsubo) ‖ 壺(こ) • (ko)
Line 2,600: Line 3,131:
|壺 (eum 호 (ho))
|壺 (eum 호 (ho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hồ
|
|
|壺
|壺
|-
|-
|夙
|夙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok
|Characters in the same phonetic series (夙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ The oracle bone script consisted of 月 (“moon”) and 丮, and resembled a man holding the moon, probably representing the worship of the moon. Alternatively, it might represent a person working under the moon in the early morning when the moon has not set. \ In some forms of its bronze inscription, 月 corrupted into 夕. \ 丮 later got reduced into 凡. \ Schuessler (2007) compares this with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-sok ~ *V-sok (“morning; morrow”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s(j)u-ŋ/k (“to wake up; morning; clear-headed; to sober up”). Burmese သောကြာ (sau:kra, “Venus”) is unrelated as it ultimately derives from Sanskrit शुक्र (śukra). \ Schuessler (2007) also considers this to be related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-sow (“to arise; to awake; to awaken”), as the morning is the time to arise. Other possible Chinese comparanda of this Tibeto-Burman word are 搜 (OC *sru, “to move”) (as in 搜搜), 速 (OC *sloːɡ, “speedy”), 聳 (OC *sloŋʔ, “to urge on”) (STEDT).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Middle-Chinese : sjuwk
|early morning • early • old; past • since old days
|early morning • early • old; past • since old days
|
|
|
|early morning • early • since long ago • to be prudent, mindful, respectful
|夙 • (suk) · 夙 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk)
|夙 • (suk) · 夙 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : túc
|
|
|夙
|夙
|-
|-
|够
|够
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,624: Line 3,160:
|-
|-
|夤
|夤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : în
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : în • Middle-Chinese : yin
|
|
|
|
Line 2,630: Line 3,167:
|夤 • (in) · 夤 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in)
|夤 • (in) · 夤 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dần
|
|
|夤
|夤
|-
|-
|夥
|夥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ) : phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ) + semantic 多. \ According to Fangyan, 夥, which means "many" or "much", was a dialectal expression found in rural Qi and Song and around the border between Chu and Wei (齊宋之郊、楚魏之際曰夥). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué • Middle-Chinese : hwaX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hweaX
|many; much; a lot of; numerous • (alt. form 伙) companion; partner; assistant ‖ Only used in 夥頤／伙颐.
|many; much; a lot of; numerous • (alt. form 伙) companion; partner; assistant ‖ Only used in 夥頤／伙颐.
|
|
|immense • tremendous
|immense • tremendous
|夥 (eumhun 많을 과 (maneul gwa)) · 夥 (eumhun 많을 화 (maneul hwa))
|夥 (eumhun 많을 과 (maneul gwa)) · 夥 (eumhun 많을 화 (maneul hwa))
|Hanja form of 과. • Hanja form of 화.
|hanja form of 과 • hanja form of 화
|Hán-Nôm : lõa • Hán-Nôm : loã • Hán-Nôm : hỏa • Hán-Nôm : hoả • Hán-Nôm : khỏa • Hán-Nôm : khoả
|
|
|夥
|夥
|-
|-
|夾
|夾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gereh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍eh ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gereh ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖  ‖ From 合 (MC kop). Compare Hokkien 佮 (“and; with”) and Teochew 佮 (“and; with”). For sound development, compare modern Cantonese 鴿／鸽 (gaap3), from 鴿 (MC kop). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|to squeeze between; to pinch; to clamp; to hold between • to carry under one's arm • to place in between; to be located between; to be wedged between • on or from both sides • to support; to assist • to mix; to intermingle; to intersperse • clip; clamp • folder; wallet • torture device used to squeeze the ankles • wharf by a river • Short for 夾室／夹室. • Short for 夾鐘／夹钟. • (Cantonese, figuratively) to remove; to take away • (Canada, US) intersection of ‖ double-layered; lined • Alternative form of 袷 (“lined garment”) • a surname ‖ Only used in 夾竹桃／夹竹桃 (jiāzhútáo) and 夾生／夹生 (jiāshēng). ‖ Only used in 夾肢窩／夹肢窝 (gāzhiwō). ‖ also; and • well-matched; matching; harmonious • to match; to be fitting • to coordinate • to share • to contribute; to chip in ‖ (Hokkien) to clamp; to pinch (using chopsticks, tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien Hokkien) to clamp with a chela • (Hokkien) clamp-like tool used to pick up things (such as tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) ‖ to perambulate; to inspect on foot • Alternative form of 挾／挟 (xié, “to seize”) ‖ Alternative form of 狹／狭 (xiá, “narrow”) ‖ Alternative form of 鋏／铗 (jiá, “hilt of a sword”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giap • Middle-Chinese : keap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gereh ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ
|to squeeze between; to pinch; to clamp; to hold between • to carry under one's arm • to place in between; to be located between; to be wedged between • on or from both sides • to support; to assist • to mix; to intermingle; to intersperse • clip; clamp • folder; wallet • torture device used to squeeze the ankles • wharf by a river • Short for 夾室／夹室. • Short for 夾鐘／夹钟. • (Cantonese, figuratively) to remove; to take away • (Canada, US) intersection of ‖ double-layered; lined • Alternative form of 袷 (“lined garment”) • a surname ‖ Only used in 夾竹桃／夹竹桃 (jiāzhútáo) and 夾生／夹生 (jiāshēng). ‖ Only used in 夾肢窩／夹肢窝 (gāzhiwō). ‖ (Cantonese) also; and • (Cantonese) well-matched; matching; harmonious • (Cantonese, Hokkien) to match; to fit • (Cantonese) to coordinate • (Cantonese) to share • (Cantonese) to contribute; to chip in ‖ (Hokkien) to clamp; to pinch (using chopsticks, tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien Hokkien) to clamp with a chela • (Hokkien) clamp-like tool used to pick up things (such as tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) ‖ to perambulate; to inspect on foot • Alternative form of 挾／挟 (xié, “to seize”) ‖ Alternative form of 狹／狭 (xiá, “narrow”) ‖ Alternative form of 鋏／铗 (jiá, “hilt of a sword”)
|
|
|insert between • cramped
|insert between • cramped
|夾 • (hyeop) · 夾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp)
|夾 • (hyeop) · 夾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giáp • Hán-Nôm : xáp • Hán-Nôm : ghép • Hán-Nôm : kép
|
|
|夾
|夾
|-
|-
|奄
|奄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám • Middle-Chinese : 'jemX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹
|to cover; to surround; to include • suddenly; abruptly; quickly; hastily ‖ feeble • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 閹／阉 (yān, “to castrate; eunuch”) • Alternative form of 淹 (yān, “to remain; to tarry”)
|to cover; to surround; to include • suddenly; abruptly; quickly; hastily ‖ feeble • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 閹／阉 (yān, “to castrate; eunuch”) • Alternative form of 淹 (yān, “to remain; to tarry”)
|
|
Line 2,660: Line 3,203:
|奄 • (eom) · 奄 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, revised eom, McCune–Reischauer ŏm)
|奄 • (eom) · 奄 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, revised eom, McCune–Reischauer ŏm)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yêm • Hán-Nôm : yểm • Hán-Nôm : ăm • Hán-Nôm : im • Hán-Nôm : em
|
|
|奄
|奄
|-
|-
|奎
|奎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷeː) : semantic 大 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Middle-Chinese : khwej
|the stride of a person • Legs, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions
|the stride of a person • Legs, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions
|
|
Line 2,670: Line 3,215:
|
|
|star
|star
|Hán-Nôm : khuê
|
|
|奎
|奎
|-
|-
|奐
|奐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaːns) : abbreviated phonetic 夐 (OC *qʰʷeːns, *qʰʷeŋs) + semantic 廾. Alternatively ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 穴 (“yurt”) + 廾 (“hands”) a pair of hands opening a yurt door to let in sunlight, hence brilliant. Originally used to represent 換 (OC *ɢʷaːns, “to change; to swap”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : xwanH
|numerous
|numerous
|
|
Line 2,680: Line 3,227:
|奐 • (binnal hwan) · 奐 • (binnal hwan) (hangeul 빛날 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan)
|奐 • (binnal hwan) · 奐 • (binnal hwan) (hangeul 빛날 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan)
|be numerous, brilliant
|be numerous, brilliant
|Hán-Nôm : hoán
|
|
|奐
|奐
|-
|-
|奕
|奕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǐ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ) + semantic 大 (“big; great”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǐ
|great; grand • beautiful • skilled; adept • bright • (of years, generations, etc.) many; one after another • Alternative form of 弈 (yì, “Go (board game); to play Go”) • Alternative form of 亦 (yì, “also”) • Alternative form of 弋 (yì), used in 游奕 (yóuyì). • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) to play (cards, lottery, chess, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to start; to begin (in an activity)
|great; grand • beautiful • skilled; adept • bright • (of years, generations, etc.) many; one after another • Alternative form of 弈 (yì, “Go (board game); to play Go”) • Alternative form of 亦 (yì, “also”) • Alternative form of 弋 (yì), used in 游奕 (yóuyì). • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) to play (cards, lottery, chess, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to start; to begin (in an activity)
|
|
Line 2,690: Line 3,239:
|奕 • (hyeok) · 奕 • (hyeok) (hangeul 혁, revised hyeok, McCune–Reischauer hyŏk)
|奕 • (hyeok) · 奕 • (hyeok) (hangeul 혁, revised hyeok, McCune–Reischauer hyŏk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dịch
|
|
|奕
|奕
|-
|-
|奘
|奘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs) : phonetic 壯 (OC *ʔsraŋs) + semantic 大.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzangX • Middle-Chinese : dzangH
|fat, stout • great, huge
|fat, stout • great, huge
|
|
Line 2,700: Line 3,251:
|奘 • (jang) · 奘 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang)
|奘 • (jang) · 奘 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tráng
|
|
|奘
|奘
|-
|-
|奥
|奥
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,709: Line 3,262:
| ‖ inside; inner depths • back, rear • inside the house • one's heart, true feelings ‖ a surname
| ‖ inside; inner depths • back, rear • inside the house • one's heart, true feelings ‖ a surname
|奥 (eumhun 깊을 오 (gipeul o)) ‖ 奥 (eumhun 따뜻할 욱 (ttatteuthal uk))
|奥 (eumhun 깊을 오 (gipeul o)) ‖ 奥 (eumhun 따뜻할 욱 (ttatteuthal uk))
|Alternative form of 奧 (“Hanja form of 오 (“deep”).”). ‖ Alternative form of 燠.
|Alternative form of 奧 (“hanja form of 오 (“deep”)”). ‖ Alternative form of 燠.
|canonical : 奥: Nôm readings: áo
|
|
|奥
|奥
|-
|奧
|Shuowen interprets it as a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːɡs) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 𢍏 (), but is not widely accepted. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àu • Middle-Chinese : 'awH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹
|^† southwest corner of a room • ^† depths of a room • ^† secluded; deep and hidden away • ^† profound; esoteric; obscure • Short for 奧林匹克／奥林匹克 (àolínpǐkè, “Olympics”). • Short for 奧地利／奥地利 (Àodìlì, “Austria”). ‖ turbid
|
|heart • interior
|奧 (eumhun 깊을 오 (gipeul o)) ‖ 奧 (eumhun 따뜻할 옥 (ttatteuthal ok))
|hanja form of 오 (“deep”) ‖ (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 燠 (“hanja form of 옥 (“warmth”)”)
|canonical : 奧: Hán Việt readings: áo 奧: Nôm readings: áo
|
|奧
|-
|-
|奩
|奩
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|dowry • bridal trousseau • box for women's cosmetics or garments
|dowry • bridal trousseau • box for women's cosmetics or garments
|
|
|
|
|奩 (eumhun 화장 상자 렴 (hwajang sangja ryeom), South Korea 화장 상자 염 (hwajang sangja yeom))
|奩 (eumhun 화장 상자 렴 (hwajang sangja ryeom), word-initial (South Korea) 화장 상자 염 (hwajang sangja yeom))
|
|
|canonical : 奩: Hán Việt readings: liêm 奩: Nôm readings: liêm
|
|
|奩
|奩
|-
|-
|奬
|妍
|
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːn) : semantic 女 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn).
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngen
|
|(literary) bright, colorful and beautiful
|Kyūjitai form of 奨
|奬 (eum 장 (jang))
|
|
|奬
|-
|妍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴
|(literary) bright, colorful and beautiful
|
|
|
|
|妍 • (yeon) · 妍 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|妍 • (yeon) · 妍 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngơn
|
|
|妍
|妍
|-
|-
|妝
|妝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 女 (“female”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsrjang
|to put on makeup; to adorn oneself • adornment, makeup and dress • trousseau; dowry • (Wenzhounese) to do; to make
|to put on makeup; to adorn oneself • adornment, makeup and dress • trousseau; dowry • (Wenzhounese) to do; to make
|
|
Line 2,750: Line 3,311:
|妝 • (jang) · 妝 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang)
|妝 • (jang) · 妝 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : Trang
|
|
|妝
|妝
|-
|-
|妞
|妞
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niu
|(colloquial) girl
|(colloquial) girl
Line 2,760: Line 3,323:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nữu
|
|
|妞
|妞
|-
|-
|妣
|妣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Middle-Chinese : pjijX
|(literary, honorific) deceased mother
|(literary, honorific) deceased mother
|
|
Line 2,770: Line 3,335:
|妣 • (bi) · 妣 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi)
|妣 • (bi) · 妣 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tỉ
|
|
|妣
|妣
|-
|-
|妤
|妤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *la) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yo
|Only used in 婕妤 (jiéyú).
|Only used in 婕妤 (jiéyú).
|
|
Line 2,780: Line 3,347:
|妤 • (yeo) · 妤 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ)
|妤 • (yeo) · 妤 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ)
|아름답다(=伃): beautiful, pretty, fair; handsome, good-looking
|아름답다(=伃): beautiful, pretty, fair; handsome, good-looking
|Hán-Nôm : dư
|
|
|妤
|妤
|-
|-
|妯
|妯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuw
|Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli). ‖ to move; to be agitated; to not be tranquil
|Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli). ‖ to move; to be agitated; to not be tranquil
|
|
Line 2,790: Line 3,359:
|妯 • (chuk) · 妯 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk)
|妯 • (chuk) · 妯 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dâu • Hán-Nôm : chục • Hán-Nôm : trục
|
|
|妯
|妯
|-
|-
|妳
|妳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní
|; Etymology 1 \ ; Etymology 2
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní
|(chiefly Taiwanese Mandarin) you (singular, female)
|(chiefly Taiwanese Mandarin) you (singular, female)
|
|
|Extended shinjitai form of 嬭
|Extended shinjitai form of 嬭
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,804: Line 3,376:
|-
|-
|姍
|姍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaːn) : semantic 女 (“female”) + abbreviated phonetic 刪 (OC *sraːn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaːn) : semantic 女 (“female”) + abbreviated phonetic 刪 (OC *sraːn).
|to slander • glorious • a surname ‖ Only used in 便姍／便姗.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : san ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹
|Used in 姍姍／姗姗 (shānshān). • (obsolete) to slander • (obsolete) glorious • a surname ‖ Only used in 便姍／便姗.
|
|
|
|
|姍 • (san) · 姍 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san)
|姍 • (san) · 姍 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 2,814: Line 3,388:
|-
|-
|姒
|姒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ziX
|wife of elder brother • (chiefly historical) a surname
|wife of elder brother • (chiefly historical) a surname
|
|
Line 2,820: Line 3,395:
|姒 • (sa) · 姒 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa)
|姒 • (sa) · 姒 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tự
|
|
|姒
|姒
|-
|-
|姘
|姘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phing • Middle-Chinese : pheang • Middle-Chinese : pheng
|extramarital sex, illicit sexual relations
|extramarital sex, illicit sexual relations
|
|
Line 2,830: Line 3,407:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phanh
|
|
|姘
|姘
|-
|-
|姣
|姣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâu
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Middle-Chinese : kaewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâu • Middle-Chinese : haew
|(literary) beautiful ‖ (obsolete or Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, of a woman) lewd; flirtatious
|(literary) beautiful ‖ (obsolete or Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, of a woman) lewd; flirtatious
|
|
Line 2,840: Line 3,419:
|姣 • (gyo) · 姣 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|姣 • (gyo) · 姣 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|lovely, charming • lewdness
|lovely, charming • lewdness
|Hán-Nôm : giảo
|
|
|姣
|姣
|-
|-
|姬
|姬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klɯ, *lɯ) : semantic 女 (“woman; matrilateral family line; family name”) + phonetic 𦣞 (). \ ; Zhou dynastic surname \ :Instead, he suggests an etymological connection between "the two intermarrying moieties, a ruling clan and its collateral, wife-supplying counterpart": 姬 (OC *(C)ɰə̀ɰ) and 姜 (*(C)ɰàŋ). He also points to other word-pairs, including 似 (MC ziX, “to resemble”) < *-əɰʔ and 像 (MC zjangX, “to imitate, image”) < *-aŋʔ, which display the phonetic correspondences: *-ɰ vs. *-ŋ as well *-ə- vs. *-a- (ibid.) \ ; lady (ancient laudatory title for women) \ 姬本周姓，其女貴於列國之女，所以婦人美號皆稱姬。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]姬本周姓，其女贵于列国之女，所以妇人美号皆称姬。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Kangxi zidian \ Jī běn Zhōu xìng, qí nǚ guì yú lièguó zhī nǚ, suǒyǐ fùrén měihào jiē chēng jī. [Pinyin] \ Ji ("姬") was originally the surname of the Zhou; their princesses were more honorable than princesses of other states; therefore women with laudatory appellations are all called Ji ("姬"). \ ; "gay" ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : ki ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : yi
|a surname, used by the ruling family of the House of Zhou • (literary) lady (ancient laudatory title for women) • (mythology) name of a river • (literary) beauty • (literary) concubine • (neologism, slang) Synonym of 基 (jī, “gay”), with a feminine connotation; lesbian ‖  
|a surname, used by the ruling family of the House of Zhou • (literary) lady (ancient laudatory title for women) • (mythology) name of a river • (literary) beauty • (literary) concubine • (neologism, slang) Synonym of 基 (jī, “gay”), with a feminine connotation; lesbian ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 2,850: Line 3,431:
|姬 • (hui) · 姬 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|姬 • (hui) · 姬 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|woman
|woman
|Hán-Nôm : cơ
|
|
|姬
|姬
|-
|-
|娌
|娌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : liX
|Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli).
|Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli).
|
|
Line 2,860: Line 3,443:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lí
|
|
|娌
|娌
|-
|-
|娑
|娑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *saːl, *saːlʔ) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 女 (“woman”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Middle-Chinese : sa • Middle-Chinese : saX
|Used in 婆娑 (pósuō) and 娑娑. • Used in transcription.
|Used in 婆娑 (pósuō) and 娑娑. • Used in transcription.
|
|
Line 2,870: Line 3,455:
|娑 (eum 사 (sa))
|娑 (eum 사 (sa))
|dance, frolic • lounge • saunter
|dance, frolic • lounge • saunter
|Hán-Nôm : sa
|
|
|娑
|娑
|-
|-
|娓
|娓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mj+jX • Middle-Chinese : mijH
|(archaic) to comply with; to yield to • Used in 娓娓 (wěiwěi, “tireless”).
|(archaic) to comply with; to yield to • Used in 娓娓 (wěiwěi, “tireless”).
|
|
Line 2,880: Line 3,467:
|娓 • (mi) · 娓 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi)
|娓 • (mi) · 娓 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vãi
|
|
|娓
|娓
|-
|-
|娣
|娣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁶
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “young family member”). \ Same word as 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “younger brother”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dejX • Middle-Chinese : dejH
|younger of two women married to a man; (in general) concubine of a man • younger sister • wife of husband's younger brother • mother's younger sister • a surname • Used in the given name of a girl to symbolize the hope that she will have a younger brother.
|younger of two women married to a man; (in general) concubine of a man • younger sister • wife of husband's younger brother • mother's younger sister • a surname • Used in the given name of a girl to symbolize the hope that she will have a younger brother.
|
|
Line 2,890: Line 3,479:
|娣 • (je) · 娣 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che)
|娣 • (je) · 娣 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che)
|younger sister • sister-in-law
|younger sister • sister-in-law
|Hán-Nôm : đệ
|
|
|娣
|娣
|-
|-
|娩
|娩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˋ
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Middle-Chinese : mjenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mjonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjonH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan³ • Middle-Chinese : phjonH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˋ • Middle-Chinese : mjunH
|to give birth to a child ‖ (literary) beautiful; delicate; fine • (literary) complaisant; agreeable ‖ A surname. • Alternative form of 萬／万 (wàn) ‖ (alt. form 嬎) to reproduce ‖ Used in female personal names.
|to give birth to a child ‖ (literary) beautiful; delicate; fine • (literary) complaisant; agreeable ‖ A surname. • Alternative form of 萬／万 (wàn) ‖ (alt. form 嬎) to reproduce ‖ Used in female personal names.
|
|
Line 2,900: Line 3,491:
|娩 • (man) · 娩 • (man) (hangeul 만)
|娩 • (man) · 娩 • (man) (hangeul 만)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vãn
|
|
|娩
|娩
|-
|-
|娼
|娼
|From 倡 (OC *tʰjaŋ, “performer”). Cognate with 唱 (OC *tʰjaŋs, “to sing”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshang
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshang
|prostitute • (historical) female performer of song and dance
|prostitute • (historical) female performer of song and dance
Line 2,909: Line 3,502:
|prostitution
|prostitution
|娼 (eumhun 창녀 창 (changnyeo chang))
|娼 (eumhun 창녀 창 (changnyeo chang))
|Hanja form of 창 (“prostitute”).
|hanja form of 창 (“prostitute”)
|Hán-Nôm : xướng
|
|
|娼
|娼
|-
|-
|婀
|婀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o² • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o² • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Middle-Chinese : 'aX
|beautiful; graceful • (alt. form 娿) Used in 媕婀 (“indecisive”).
|beautiful; graceful • (alt. form 娿) Used in 媕婀 (“indecisive”).
|
|
Line 2,920: Line 3,515:
|婀 • (a) · 婀 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a)
|婀 • (a) · 婀 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a)
|be beautiful • be graceful
|be beautiful • be graceful
|Hán-Nôm : a
|
|
|婀
|婀
|-
|-
|婁
|婁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ
|Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro) : semantic 爪 (“hands”) + phonetic 角 (OC *kroːɡ, *ɡ·roːɡ) + semantic 女 (“woman”). Meaning uncertain. \ Later ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 母 (“mother”) + 中 + 女 (“daughter”). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ
|(Chinese astronomy) the constellation Lóu, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions • (dialectal, of a body) weak; feeble; frail • (dialectal, of melons) overripe and unfit to eat • a surname ‖ (obsolete) to drag; to trail; to pull ‖ (obsolete) to tether oxen
|(Chinese astronomy) the constellation Lóu, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions • (dialectal, of a body) weak; feeble; frail • (dialectal, of melons) overripe and unfit to eat • a surname ‖ (obsolete) to drag; to trail; to pull ‖ (obsolete) to tether oxen
|
|
Line 2,930: Line 3,527:
|婁 (eum 루 (ru))
|婁 (eum 루 (ru))
|a constellation • to wear
|a constellation • to wear
|Hán-Nôm : lâu • Hán-Nôm : sau • Hán-Nôm : lu • Hán-Nôm : lủ • Hán-Nôm : lũ
|
|
|婁
|婁
|-
|-
|婊
|婊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piáu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 表.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piáu
|(colloquial, derogatory, vulgar) prostitute; whore; bitch • (slang, derogatory) to be badmouthed; to be wrongly accused; to be regarded as a bitch
|(colloquial, derogatory, vulgar) prostitute; whore; bitch • (slang, derogatory) to be badmouthed; to be wrongly accused; to be regarded as a bitch
|
|
Line 2,940: Line 3,539:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biểu
|
|
|婊
|婊
|-
|-
|婷
|婷
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deːŋ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 亭 (OC *deːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng
|Used in compounds and personal names. • a surname
|Used in compounds and personal names. • a surname
Line 2,950: Line 3,551:
|婷 (eum 정 (jeong))
|婷 (eum 정 (jeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đình
|
|
|婷
|婷
|-
|-
|媲
|媲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰiːs) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 𣬉 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei³ • Middle-Chinese : phejH
|to marry, to match • to equal • to compare
|to marry, to match • to equal • to compare
|
|
Line 2,960: Line 3,563:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tỉ
|
|
|媲
|媲
|-
|媼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou²
|(literary) old woman • (literary) woman or mother god of earth
|
|
|媼 • (on, o, ol) · 媼 • (on, o, ol) (hangeul 온, 오, 올, revised on, o, ol, McCune–Reischauer on, o, ol, Yale on, o, ol)
|
|
|媼
|-
|-
|媽
|媽
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːʔ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Colloquial form of 母 (OC *mɯʔ, “mother”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mow (“woman, female”).
|"mom; mum: an affectionate term for a mother • (usually with qualifier) other older female relatives or house-servants • (religion) ""The Mother"", an epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖／妈祖). • (obsolete, hapax) mare; female horse"
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma • Middle-Chinese : muX
|mom; mum: an affectionate term for a mother • (usually with qualifier) other older female relatives or house-servants • (religion) "The Mother", an epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖／妈祖). • (obsolete, hapax) mare; female horse
|
|
|mother
|mother
|媽 • (ma) · 媽 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma)
|媽 • (ma) · 媽 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma)
|mother • grandmother
|mother • grandmother
|Hán-Nôm : mụ • Hán-Nôm : má • Hán-Nôm : mã • Hán-Nôm : mợ • Hán-Nôm : ma
|
|
|媽
|媽
|-
|-
|媾
|媾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːs) : semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Middle-Chinese : kuwH
|(originally) to marry in a cousin marriage (to cement the relationship between families); (in general) to marry • to dote on • to make peace; to reach agreement; to negotiate peace • to copulate; to have sexual intercourse
|(originally) to marry in a cousin marriage (to cement the relationship between families); (in general) to marry • to dote on • to make peace; to reach agreement; to negotiate peace • to copulate; to have sexual intercourse
|
|
Line 2,990: Line 3,587:
|媾 (eum 구 (gu))
|媾 (eum 구 (gu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cấu
|
|
|媾
|媾
|-
|-
|嫖
|嫖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *pʰews) : semantic 女 + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *pʰews) : semantic 女 + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹ • Middle-Chinese : phjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewH
|to visit prostitutes; to patronise prostitutes ‖ nimble; agile
|to visit prostitutes; to patronise prostitutes ‖ nimble; agile
|
|
Line 3,000: Line 3,599:
|嫖 • (pyo) · 嫖 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo)
|嫖 • (pyo) · 嫖 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phiêu • Hán-Nôm : phếu • Hán-Nôm : phiếu • Hán-Nôm : tẹo • Hán-Nôm : phèo
|
|
|嫖
|嫖
|-
|-
|嫗
|嫗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qos) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔu (“egg; bird”). \ Pronunciation 1 is a departing tone derivation from pronunciation 2, literally "the one who is breeding" (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qos) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔu (“egg; bird”). \ Pronunciation 1 is a departing tone derivation from pronunciation 2, literally "the one who is breeding" (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'juH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ
|mother • (old) woman ‖ (of birds) to incubate; to sit on eggs • to warm with one's body • to raise; to nurture • friendly; affable
|mother • (old) woman ‖ (of birds) to incubate; to sit on eggs • to warm with one's body • to raise; to nurture • friendly; affable
| ‖ 嫗(おみな) • (omina)
| ‖ 嫗(おみな) • (omina)
Line 3,010: Line 3,611:
|嫗 • (gu) · 嫗 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|嫗 • (gu) · 嫗 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
|old woman, hag
|old woman, hag
|Hán-Nôm : ẩu
|
|
|嫗
|嫗
|-
|-
|嫘
|嫘
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴
|a surname
|a surname
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,024: Line 3,628:
|-
|-
|嫣
|嫣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : xjien • Middle-Chinese : 'jen • Middle-Chinese : 'jenX • Middle-Chinese : 'jonH
|(of appearance) beautiful
|(of appearance) beautiful
|
|
Line 3,030: Line 3,635:
|嫣 (eum 언 (eon))
|嫣 (eum 언 (eon))
|beautiful, beauty
|beautiful, beauty
|Hán-Nôm : yên
|beautiful
|beautiful
|嫣
|嫣
|-
|-
|嫦
|嫦
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djaŋ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 常 (OC *djaŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng⁴
|Only used in 嫦娥 (Cháng'é).
|Only used in 嫦娥 (Cháng'é).
Line 3,040: Line 3,647:
|嫦 • (hang) · 嫦 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang)
|嫦 • (hang) · 嫦 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thường
|
|
|嫦
|嫦
|-
|-
|嫵
|嫵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : mjuX
|
|
|
|
Line 3,050: Line 3,659:
|嫵 • (mu) · 嫵 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|嫵 • (mu) · 嫵 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|charming • (be) gentle • (be) pretty
|charming • (be) gentle • (be) pretty
|Hán-Nôm : vũ
|
|
|嫵
|嫵
|-
|-
|嫻
|嫻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haan⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hean
|(literary, or in compounds, of personality, behaviour, etc.) elegant, gentle and quiet • (literary, or in compounds) skilled; skillful; adept; proficient
|(literary, or in compounds, of personality, behaviour, etc.) elegant, gentle and quiet • (literary, or in compounds) skilled; skillful; adept; proficient
|
|
Line 3,060: Line 3,671:
|嫻 • (han) · 嫻 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han)
|嫻 • (han) · 嫻 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han)
|elegant • refined • skillful
|elegant • refined • skillful
|Hán-Nôm : nhàn
|
|
|嫻
|嫻
|-
|-
|嬉
|嬉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Also an ideogramic compound, as the right radical means "joy". ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Also an ideogramic compound, as the right radical means "joy".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xi • Middle-Chinese : xiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei²
|to enjoy • to play; to amuse oneself ‖ Used in personal names.
|to enjoy • to play; to amuse oneself ‖ Used in personal names.
|
|
Line 3,070: Line 3,683:
|嬉 (eum 희 (hui))
|嬉 (eum 희 (hui))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hi
|
|
|嬉
|嬉
|-
|-
|嬋
|嬋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djan) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Middle-Chinese : dzyen
|
|
|
|
Line 3,080: Line 3,695:
|嬋 (eum 선 (seon))
|嬋 (eum 선 (seon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiền • Hán-Nôm : thuyền
|
|
|嬋
|嬋
|-
|-
|嬌
|嬌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : kjew • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : kjewX
|pampered; spoiled • seductive and loveable • tender; delicate • beautiful woman; beauty; lovely lady • to dote on; to make a pet of
|pampered; spoiled • seductive and loveable • tender; delicate • beautiful woman; beauty; lovely lady • to dote on; to make a pet of
|
|
Line 3,090: Line 3,707:
|嬌 • (gyo) · 嬌 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|嬌 • (gyo) · 嬌 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiều
|
|
|嬌
|嬌
|-
|-
|嬝
|嬝
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,104: Line 3,724:
|-
|-
|嬤
|嬤
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴
|Only used in 嬤嬤／嬷嬷 (mómo).
|Only used in 嬤嬤／嬷嬷 (mómo).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,114: Line 3,736:
|-
|-
|嬪
|嬪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bin) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin) – a kind of woman, a court lady or maid. 賓 also means “obey, submit”, hence connotations of “an obedient woman, a maid”. \ Endopassive form of 賓 (OC *mpin, “to receive like a guest”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin
|(historical) court lady • (historical) palace maid • (archaic) a posthumous name for wives in Zhou ritual
|(historical) court lady • (historical) palace maid • (archaic) a posthumous name for wives in Zhou ritual
|
|
|
|
|嬪 (eumhun 아내 빈 (anae bin))
|嬪 (eumhun 아내 빈 (anae bin))
|Hanja form of 빈 (“court lady”).
|hanja form of 빈 (“court lady”)
|Hán-Nôm : tần
|
|
|嬪
|嬪
|-
|-
|嬰
|嬰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : enn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : inn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 賏 (“a string of shells”) + 女 (“woman”). \ Probably related to 縈 (OC *qʷeŋ, “to entwine”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : enn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : inn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'jieng
|baby; infant • necklace • to put on; to wear • to surround • to entangle; to fetter • to suffer • to offend • to exert • a surname
|baby; infant • necklace • to put on; to wear • to surround • to entangle; to fetter • to suffer • to offend • to exert • a surname
| ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei) ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei)
| ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei) ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei)
Line 3,130: Line 3,755:
|嬰 • (yeong) · 嬰 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng)
|嬰 • (yeong) · 嬰 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng)
|
|
|canonical : 嬰: Hán Việt readings: anh
|
|
|嬰
|嬰
|-
|-
|嬴
|嬴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yeng
|(obsolete) to have a surplus; to be full • (obsolete) to bear; to take responsibility • a surname (no longer common since Han dynasty)
|(obsolete) to have a surplus; to be full • (obsolete) to bear; to take responsibility • a surname (no longer common since Han dynasty)
|
|
Line 3,140: Line 3,767:
|嬴 • (yeong) · 嬴 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng)
|嬴 • (yeong) · 嬴 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng)
|to be full of
|to be full of
|Hán-Nôm : doanh
|
|
|嬴
|嬴
|-
|-
|嬸
|嬸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsím • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯmʔ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 審 (OC *hljɯmʔ). \ Monosyllabic fusion of 叔母 (MC syuwk muwX, “father's younger brother + wife”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsím • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím
|paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother)
|paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother)
|
|
Line 3,150: Line 3,779:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thím
|
|
|嬸
|嬸
|-
|-
|孀
|孀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraŋ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 霜 (OC *sraŋ). \ Zhang (2000) relates it to 喪 (OC *smaːŋ, “mourning; funeral”), 喪 (OC *smaːŋs, “to lose”) and 霜 (OC *sraŋ, “frost (which causes loss)”). However, Schuessler (2007) considers these three words etymologically unrelated.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sng • Middle-Chinese : srjang
|widow
|widow
|
|
Line 3,160: Line 3,791:
|孀 (eum 상 (sang))
|孀 (eum 상 (sang))
|widow
|widow
|Hán-Nôm : sương
|
|
|孀
|孀
|-
|-
|孑
|孑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat • Middle-Chinese : kjet
|alone; lonely • left-over; remaining • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). • a surname
|alone; lonely • left-over; remaining • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). • a surname
|
|
Line 3,170: Line 3,803:
|孑 (eum 혈 (hyeol))
|孑 (eum 혈 (hyeol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : két
|
|
|孑
|孑
|-
|-
|孓
|孓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung²
|From 子. ‖ From 子.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot • Middle-Chinese : kjut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung² • Middle-Chinese : kjowngX
|missing one's left arm • short • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). ‖ Only used in 孑孓 (jiéjué).
|missing one's left arm • short • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). ‖ Only used in 孑孓 (jiéjué).
|
|
Line 3,180: Line 3,815:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quyết
|
|
|孓
|孓
|-
|-
|孚
|孚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 子 (“child”) – to capture a child. The original form of 俘. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 子 (“child”) – to capture a child. The original form of 俘.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ • Middle-Chinese : phju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|Original character of 俘 (fú) • Original character of 蜉 (fú) • Alternative form of 孵 (fū) • Alternative form of 稃 (fū) ‖ (literary) to convince; to gain trust • (literary) trust; confidence • (used in oracle bone) Alternative form of 俘 (fú) • Alternative form of 浮 (fú) • Alternative form of 莩 • Alternative form of 付 (fù)
|Original character of 俘 (fú) • Original character of 蜉 (fú) • Alternative form of 孵 (fū) • Alternative form of 稃 (fū) ‖ (literary) to convince; to gain trust • (literary) trust; confidence • (used in oracle bone) Alternative form of 俘 (fú) • Alternative form of 浮 (fú) • Alternative form of 莩 • Alternative form of 付 (fù)
|
|
Line 3,190: Line 3,827:
|孚 (eum 부 (bu))
|孚 (eum 부 (bu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phu • Hán-Nôm : phù
|
|
|孚
|孚
|-
|-
|孜
|孜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslɯ) : phonetic 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ) + semantic 攵 (“action”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi
|Alternative form of 孜孜 (zīzī)
|Alternative form of 孜孜 (zīzī)
|
|
Line 3,200: Line 3,839:
|孜 (eum 자 (ja))
|孜 (eum 자 (ja))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tư
|
|
|孜
|孜
|-
|-
|学
|学
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,209: Line 3,850:
|education, study, learn • school • science ‖ scholarship; learning; knowledge ‖ -ology; -ics; study of... ‖ a male given name
|education, study, learn • school • science ‖ scholarship; learning; knowledge ‖ -ology; -ics; study of... ‖ a male given name
|学 (eumhun 배울 학 (bae'ul hak))
|学 (eumhun 배울 학 (bae'ul hak))
|Alternative form of 學 (“Hanja form of 학 (“to learn”).”)
|Alternative form of 學 (“hanja form of 학 (“to learn”)”)
|
|
|
|学
|学
|-
|-
|孱
|孱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzrean • Middle-Chinese : dzrjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : dzreanX
|(literary) weak; small; frail; feeble • meager; mean; shallow • cautious ‖ Only used in 孱頭／孱头 (càntou, “coward; weakling”). ‖  ‖  
|(literary) weak; small; frail; feeble • meager; mean; shallow • cautious ‖ Only used in 孱頭／孱头 (càntou, “coward; weakling”). ‖  ‖  
|
|
Line 3,220: Line 3,863:
|孱 (eum 잔 (jan))
|孱 (eum 잔 (jan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sờn
|
|
|孱
|孱
|-
|-
|孳
|孳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯs) : phonetic 兹 (OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯ) + semantic 子 (“child”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi • Middle-Chinese : dziH
|
|
|
|
Line 3,230: Line 3,875:
|孳 • (ja) · 孳 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha)
|孳 • (ja) · 孳 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tư
|
|
|孳
|孳
|-
|-
|孺
|孺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : nyuH
|^† young and small • ^† young child
|^† young and small • ^† young child
|
|
Line 3,240: Line 3,887:
|孺 (eum 유 (yu))
|孺 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhọ
|
|
|孺
|孺
|-
|-
|孿
|孿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *run. Cognate with Jingpho marun (“to have twins”) (from run (“to be in pairs”)). (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : srwaenH • Middle-Chinese : ljwen
|twins
|twins
|
|
Line 3,250: Line 3,899:
|孿 (eum 산 (san))
|孿 (eum 산 (san))
|twins
|twins
|Hán-Nôm : loan
|twins
|twins
|孿
|孿
|-
|-
|宝
|宝
|Simplified from 寶 (⿱珤貝 → 玉). Officially adopted as the simplified form of 寶 in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.
|
|
|
|
Line 3,260: Line 3,911:
|宝 • (bo) · 宝 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po)
|宝 • (bo) · 宝 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po)
|jewel
|jewel
|Hán-Nôm : bảo • Hán-Nôm : báu • Hán-Nôm : bửu
|
|
|宝
|宝
|-
|-
|宥
|宥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : hjuwH
|forgive, pardon, indulge
|forgive, pardon, indulge
|
|
Line 3,270: Line 3,923:
|宥 (eum 유 (yu))
|宥 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hựu
|
|
|宥
|宥
|-
|-
|寐
|寐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mids) : abbreviated semantic 㝱 (“dream”) + phonetic 未 (OC *mɯds). \ Original form may have been an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“house”) + 爿 (“bed”) + 人 (“person”) – a person sleeping on a bed in a room. Compare ancient forms of 夢. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/s-mwəj (“to sleep; to dream”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྨི་བ (rmi ba, “to dream”), Tibetan རྨི་ལམ (rmi lam, “dream”), Burmese မွေ့ (mwe., “to enjoy sleep”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mī • Middle-Chinese : mjijH
|(literary) to sleep • (archaic, euphemistic) to die • a surname
|(literary) to sleep • (archaic, euphemistic) to die • a surname
|
|
Line 3,280: Line 3,935:
|寐 • (mae) · 寐 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae)
|寐 • (mae) · 寐 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mị
|
|
|寐
|寐
|-
|-
|寝
|寝
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,289: Line 3,946:
| ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ (archaic) to sleep ‖ (obsolete) sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping • inner parlor/parlour, living room
| ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ (archaic) to sleep ‖ (obsolete) sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping • inner parlor/parlour, living room
|寝 • (chim) · 寝 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im)
|寝 • (chim) · 寝 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,294: Line 3,952:
|-
|-
|寤
|寤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːs) : abbreviated semantic 㝱 (“dream”) + phonetic 吾 (OC *ŋraː, *ŋaː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nguH
|(literary) to wake up; to awake • (alt. form 悟) to become aware; to realize; to awaken
|(literary) to wake up; to awake • (alt. form 悟) to become aware; to realize; to awaken
|
|
Line 3,300: Line 3,959:
|寤 • (o) · 寤 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|寤 • (o) · 寤 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngộ • Hán-Nôm : ngụ • Hán-Nôm : ngù • Hán-Nôm : ngú
|
|
|寤
|寤
|-
|-
|寵
|寵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r̥ʰoŋʔ) : semantic 宀 + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng • Middle-Chinese : trhjowngX
|to spoil; to pamper; to favour • respect; honour; glory • favour; love • favourite • concubine • a surname
|to spoil; to pamper; to favour • respect; honour; glory • favour; love • favourite • concubine • a surname
|
|
Line 3,310: Line 3,971:
|寵 • (chong, ryong) · 寵 • (chong, ryong) (hangeul 총, 룡, revised chong, ryong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ryong, Yale chong, lyong)
|寵 • (chong, ryong) · 寵 • (chong, ryong) (hangeul 총, 룡, revised chong, ryong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ryong, Yale chong, lyong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sủng • Hán-Nôm : sũng • Hán-Nôm : sổng
|
|
|寵
|寵
|-
|-
|寿
|寿
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,320: Line 3,983:
|寿 (eum 수 (su))
|寿 (eum 수 (su))
|Alternative form of 壽
|Alternative form of 壽
|
|
|
|寿
|寿
|-
|-
|将
|将
| ‖  ‖
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
Line 3,330: Line 3,995:
|将 (eumhun 장수 장 (jangsu jang))
|将 (eumhun 장수 장 (jangsu jang))
|Alternative form of 將 (장 (jang))
|Alternative form of 將 (장 (jang))
|canonical : 将: Hán Việt readings: tướng • canonical : tương 将: Nôm readings: tướng
|chữ Hán form of tương (“Alternative form of 將”).
|chữ Hán form of tương (“Alternative form of 將”).
|将
|将
|-
|-
|尷
|尷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːm) : semantic 尢 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam
|Only used in 尷尬／尴尬 (gāngà, “embarrassed; embarrassing”). • (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism) Short for 尷尬.
|Only used in 尷尬／尴尬 (gāngà, “embarrassed; embarrassing”). • (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism) Short for 尷尬.
|
|
Line 3,340: Line 4,007:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giám
|
|
|尷
|尷
|-
|-
|尹
|尹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín • Middle-Chinese : ywinX
|to govern; oversee • director • a surname
|to govern; oversee • director • a surname
|
|
Line 3,350: Line 4,019:
|尹 (eumhun 성 윤 (seong yun))
|尹 (eumhun 성 윤 (seong yun))
|a surname
|a surname
|Hán-Nôm : doãn • Hán-Nôm : duẫn
|
|
|尹
|尹
|-
|-
|尽
|尽
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,360: Line 4,031:
|尽 • (jin) · 尽 • (jin) (hangeul 진)
|尽 • (jin) · 尽 • (jin) (hangeul 진)
|exhaust, use up • deplete
|exhaust, use up • deplete
|
|
|
|尽
|尽
|-
|屆
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːds) : semantic 尸 (“body”) + phonetic 凷 (OC *kʰuːds) \ The ACG sense is an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 届(とど)かない (todokanai, “to not reach”), negative form of 届(とど)く (todoku, “to reach”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài • Middle-Chinese : keajH
|^† to arrive; to reach; to come or go to a particular destination; to be at a location or moment • Classifier for times, terms, graduation classes, periodically convened events, etc. • (ACG slang, of emotions or thoughts) to reach (someone); to get through
|
|
|屆 • (gye) · 屆 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye)
|
|canonical : 屆: Hán Việt readings: giới
|
|屆
|-
|-
|届
|届
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 届(とどけ) • (-todoke)
| ‖ 届(とどけ) • (-todoke)
| ‖ report, notice, registration
| ‖ report, notice, registration
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,374: Line 4,060:
|-
|-
|屍
|屍
|Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hli, *hlis) : phonetic 尸 (OC *hli) + semantic 死. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hli, *hlis) : phonetic 尸 (OC *hli) + semantic 死.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : syij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Middle-Chinese : syijH
|corpse; carcass (Classifier: 具; 條／条 c) ‖ ^‡
|corpse; carcass (Classifier: 具; 條／条 c) ‖ ^‡
| ‖ 屍(かばね) • (kabane) ‖ 屍(しかばね) • (shikabane)
| ‖ 屍(かばね) • (kabane) ‖ 屍(しかばね) • (shikabane)
Line 3,380: Line 4,067:
|屍 • (si) · 屍 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si)
|屍 • (si) · 屍 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si)
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thi • Hán-Nôm : thây
|chữ Hán form of thi (“corpse”). • Nôm form of thây (“corpse”).
|屍
|屍
|-
|-
|屐
|屐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiā
|Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreɡ) : abbreviated semantic 履 (“shoe”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiā • Middle-Chinese : gjaek
|(Classical, Cantonese, Hakka or Min) clogs; wooden shoes
|(Classical, Cantonese, Hakka or Min) clogs; wooden shoes
|
|
Line 3,390: Line 4,079:
|屐 • (geuk) · 屐 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk)
|屐 • (geuk) · 屐 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kịch
|
|
|屐
|屐
|-
|-
|屜
|屜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thè
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thè
|drawer • tray • pad • screen
|drawer • tray • pad • screen
|
|
Line 3,400: Line 4,091:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thế
|
|
|屜
|屜
|-
|-
|属
|属
|Characters in the same phonetic series (蜀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 属(ぞく) • (zoku)
| ‖ 属(ぞく) • (zoku)
|class, category, type • belong to • genus ‖ (taxonomy) a genus
|class, category, type • belong to • genus ‖ (taxonomy) a genus
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,414: Line 4,108:
|-
|-
|岌
|岌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gi̍p
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɡrɯb) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gi̍p • Middle-Chinese : ngip
|(literary) lofty; towering • Used in 岌岌 (jíjí, “perilous”). • Used in 岦岌.
|(literary) lofty; towering • Used in 岌岌 (jíjí, “perilous”). • Used in 岦岌.
|
|
Line 3,420: Line 4,115:
|岌 (eumhun 높을 급 (nopeul geup))
|岌 (eumhun 높을 급 (nopeul geup))
|
|
|canonical : 岌: Hán Việt readings: ngập 岌: Nôm readings: gập • canonical : ngấp • canonical : ngất • canonical : ngập • canonical : ngờm • canonical : ngợp • canonical : nhấp
|
|
|岌
|岌
|-
|-
|岑
|岑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîm • Middle-Chinese : dzrim
|(literary) small but tall hill • (obsolete) high • a surname
|(literary) small but tall hill • (obsolete) high • a surname
|
|
Line 3,430: Line 4,127:
|岑 • (jam, eum) · 岑 • (jam, eum) (hangeul 잠, 음, revised jam, eum, McCune–Reischauer cham, ŭm)
|岑 • (jam, eum) · 岑 • (jam, eum) (hangeul 잠, 음, revised jam, eum, McCune–Reischauer cham, ŭm)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sầm • Hán-Nôm : sum • Hán-Nôm : xờm
|
|
|岑
|岑
|-
|-
|岫
|岫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siū
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯwɢs) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siū • Middle-Chinese : zjuwH
|mountain peak • cave; cavern • (Southern Min) nest, den or lair of animals
|mountain peak • cave; cavern • (Southern Min) nest, den or lair of animals
| ‖ 岫(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 岫(しゅう) • (shū)
| ‖ 岫(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 岫(しゅう) • (shū)
|cave • summit ‖ (archaic or obsolete) cave • (archaic or obsolete) summit, mountaintop ‖ (rare) cave
|cave • summit ‖ (archaic or obsolete) cave • (archaic or obsolete) summit, mountaintop ‖ (rare) cave
|岫 • (su) · 岫 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su)
|岫 • (su) · 岫 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,444: Line 4,144:
|-
|-
|岱
|岱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs) + semantic 山 (“mountain”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dojH
|a nickname for Mount Tai (Daishan), one of the Five Sacred Mountains in China
|a nickname for Mount Tai (Daishan), one of the Five Sacred Mountains in China
|
|
Line 3,450: Line 4,151:
|岱 • (dae) · 岱 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae)
|岱 • (dae) · 岱 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đại • Hán-Nôm : đồi • Hán-Nôm : đai
|
|
|岱
|岱
|-
|-
|岷
|岷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn • Middle-Chinese : min
|(～江) Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China) • (～山) Min Mountains (a mountain range in Sichuan and Gansu Provinces, China)
|(～江) Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China) • (～山) Min Mountains (a mountain range in Sichuan and Gansu Provinces, China)
|
|
|
|
|岷 (eum 민 (min))
|岷 (eum 민 (min))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,464: Line 4,168:
|-
|-
|峙
|峙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯʔ) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : driX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁶
|to stand erect; to tower • underwater mound ‖ Only used in 繁峙 (Fánshì, “Fanshi”).
|to stand erect; to tower • underwater mound ‖ Only used in 繁峙 (Fánshì, “Fanshi”).
|
|
Line 3,470: Line 4,175:
|峙 (eum 치 (chi))
|峙 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trĩ • Hán-Nôm : trì
|
|
|峙
|峙
|-
|-
|峡
|峡
|Simplified from 峽 (夾 → 夹).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|gorge • ravine
|gorge • ravine
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,484: Line 4,192:
|-
|-
|峪
|峪
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦkloːɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶
|valley; ravine
|valley; ravine
Line 3,490: Line 4,199:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dụ
|
|
|峪
|峪
|-
|-
|峯
|峯
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,499: Line 4,210:
|peak, summit
|peak, summit
|峯 (eumhun 봉우리 봉 (bong'uri bong))
|峯 (eumhun 봉우리 봉 (bong'uri bong))
|Hanja form of 봉 (“peak, summit”).
|hanja form of 봉 (“peak, summit”)
|Hán-Nôm : phong
|
|
|峯
|峯
|-
|峽
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Middle-Chinese : heap
|gorge
|
|gorge • strait • ravine • isthmus
|峽 • (hyeop) · 峽 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp)
|
|Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : hệp • Hán-Nôm : siệp
|
|峽
|-
|-
|崆
|崆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Middle-Chinese : khaewng
|Used in place names. • Used in compounds.
|Used in place names. • Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 3,510: Line 4,235:
|崆 (eum 공 (gong))
|崆 (eum 공 (gong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : không
|
|
|崆
|崆
|-
|-
|崑
|崑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːn) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 昆 (OC *kuːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwon
|Only used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún) and related terms.
|Only used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún) and related terms.
|
|
Line 3,520: Line 4,247:
|崑 • (gon) · 崑 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon)
|崑 • (gon) · 崑 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : côn • Hán-Nôm : kon
|
|
|崑
|崑
|-
|-
|崙
|崙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːn) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn • Middle-Chinese : lwon
|Used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún), etc.
|Used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún), etc.
|
|
Line 3,530: Line 4,259:
|崙 (eum 륜 (ryun))
|崙 (eum 륜 (ryun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lôn • Hán-Nôm : son • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : lon
|
|
|崙
|崙
|-
|-
|崢
|崢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ) : semantic 山 + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : dzraeng • Middle-Chinese : dzreang
|lofty; towering
|lofty; towering
|
|
Line 3,540: Line 4,271:
|崢 • (jaeng) · 崢 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng)
|崢 • (jaeng) · 崢 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chênh • Hán-Nôm : tranh
|
|
|崢
|崢
|-
|-
|嵩
|嵩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 山 (“mountain”) + 高 (“tall”). \ Reasoning that 嵩 and 崧 (sōng) are the same word and the latter's phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ) suggests the medial *-l-, Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation *suŋ < *sluŋ, proposes that it was from Austroasiatic and compares it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *sluŋ ~ *sluuŋ (“high”). However, note Baxter & Sagart (2014)'s reconstructions 嵩 (OC), 崧 (OC *[s]uŋ), & 松 (OC *sə.ɢoŋ) without medial *-l-.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Middle-Chinese : sjuwng
|(literary, of a mountain) high; lofty • a surname
|(literary, of a mountain) high; lofty • a surname
| ‖ 嵩(かさ) • (kasa)
| ‖ 嵩(かさ) • (kasa)
Line 3,550: Line 4,283:
|嵩 (eum 숭 (sung))
|嵩 (eum 숭 (sung))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tung
|
|
|嵩
|嵩
|-
|-
|嶄
|嶄
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴
|towering; outstanding • very ‖ Only used in 嶄巖／崭岩, alternative form of 巉巖／巉岩 (chányán, “steep; cliff”)
|towering; outstanding • very ‖ Only used in 嶄巖／崭岩, alternative form of 巉巖／巉岩 (chányán, “steep; cliff”)
Line 3,560: Line 4,295:
|嶄 (eum 참 (cham))
|嶄 (eum 참 (cham))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chởm
|
|
|嶄
|嶄
|-
|-
|嶇
|嶇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰo) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Middle-Chinese : khju
|Only used in 崎嶇／崎岖 (qíqū, “rugged, rough”) and 嶇嶔／岖嵚 (“steep, sheer”). • (Hakka) steep
|Only used in 崎嶇／崎岖 (qíqū, “rugged, rough”) and 嶇嶔／岖嵚 (“steep, sheer”). • (Hakka) steep
|
|
Line 3,570: Line 4,307:
|嶇 (eum 구 (gu))
|嶇 (eum 구 (gu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khu
|
|
|嶇
|嶇
|-
|-
|嶝
|嶝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯːŋs) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tongH
|(literary) path leading up a mountain
|(literary) path leading up a mountain
|
|
|
|
|嶝 • (deung) · 嶝 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng)
|嶝 • (deung) · 嶝 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,584: Line 4,324:
|-
|-
|嶼
|嶼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaʔ) : semantic 山 + phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las). \ This character was affected by misreadings, or Youbian dubian.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í • Middle-Chinese : zjoX
|island; islet
|island; islet
|
|
|island
|island
|嶼 (eumhun 섬 서 (seom seo))
|嶼 (eumhun 섬 서 (seom seo))
|Hanja form of 서 (“island”).
|hanja form of 서 (“island”)
|Hán-Nôm : dữ • Hán-Nôm : tự
|
|
|嶼
|嶼
|-
|嶽
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ga̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngaewk
|tall mountain; highest peak • a surname
|
|
|嶽 (eum 악 (ak))
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhạc
|
|嶽
|-
|-
|巒
|巒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan
|pointed mountain • mountain range; ridge
|pointed mountain • mountain range; ridge
|
|
Line 3,600: Line 4,355:
|巒 (eum 만 (man))
|巒 (eum 만 (man))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loại
|
|
|巒
|巒
|-
|-
|巔
|巔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn) : semantic 山 + phonetic 顛 (OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part”). Cognate with 顛 (OC *tiːn, “top of the head”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Middle-Chinese : ten
|summit of mountain; mountain top; peak • highest; top • (traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) head
|summit of mountain; mountain top; peak • highest; top • (traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) head
|
|
|
|
|巔 • (jeon) · 巔 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn)
|巔 • (jeon) · 巔 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,614: Line 4,372:
|-
|-
|巽
|巽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn
|Originally 巺, Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨎 (“people kneeling”) + 丌 (“table”) – "food, meal; to prepare/display food". \ Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "obedient; modest", and the original meaning came to be represented by 饌 (OC *sɡroːnʔ, *sɡrons), through the addition of a semantic component 飠 (“food; eating”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn • Middle-Chinese : swonH
|☴ the fifth of the eight trigrams • ䷸ the 57th of the 64 hexagrams • obedient • modest
|☴ the fifth of the eight trigrams • ䷸ the 57th of the 64 hexagrams • obedient • modest
| ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (tatsumi) ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (Tatsumi)
| ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (tatsumi) ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (Tatsumi)
Line 3,620: Line 4,379:
|巽 (eumhun 부드러울 손 (budeureoul son))
|巽 (eumhun 부드러울 손 (budeureoul son))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tốn • Hán-Nôm : rốn • Hán-Nôm : lún dức
|
|
|巽
|巽
|-
|-
|帑
|帑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thóng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː) : phonetic 奴 (OC *naː) + semantic 巾. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thóng • Middle-Chinese : thangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : nu
|storehouse of money • national money ‖ Alternative form of 孥 · one's offspring • Alternative form of 孥 · one's wife and offspring
|storehouse of money • national money ‖ Alternative form of 孥 · one's offspring • Alternative form of 孥 · one's wife and offspring
|
|
Line 3,630: Line 4,391:
|帑 • (tang, no) · 帑 • (tang, no) (hangeul 탕, 노, revised tang, no, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, no)
|帑 • (tang, no) · 帑 • (tang, no) (hangeul 탕, 노, revised tang, no, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, no)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nô
|
|
|帑
|帑
|-
|-
|帛
|帛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *braːɡ) : phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ) + semantic 巾 (“cloth”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Middle-Chinese : baek
|silks; fabrics • wealth; property
|silks; fabrics • wealth; property
|
|
Line 3,640: Line 4,403:
|帛 (eumhun 비단 백 (bidan baek))
|帛 (eumhun 비단 백 (bidan baek))
|silk
|silk
|Hán-Nôm : bạch
|
|
|帛
|帛
|-
|-
|幀
|幀
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtɯːŋs) : semantic 巾 + phonetic 貞 (OC *teŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³
|^† picture; scroll • Classifier for pictures. • (computing) frame, fps (frame per second)
|^† picture; scroll • Classifier for pictures. • (computing) frame, fps (frame per second)
Line 3,650: Line 4,415:
|幀 • (jeong, taeng) · 幀 • (jeong, taeng) (hangeul 정, 탱, revised jeong, taeng, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, t'aeng)
|幀 • (jeong, taeng) · 幀 • (jeong, taeng) (hangeul 정, 탱, revised jeong, taeng, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, t'aeng)
|
|
|canonical : 幀: Hán Việt readings: tránh 幀: Nôm readings: tranh • canonical : trinh
|Nôm form of tranh (“a painting”).
|Nôm form of tranh (“a painting”).
|幀
|幀
|-
|-
|幔
|幔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buān ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mua
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buān • Middle-Chinese : manH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mua
|curtain; screen; canopy ‖ coat; cape; cloak; mantle • to drape over one's shoulders; to wrap around • to put one's arm around another's shoulder or neck
|curtain; screen; canopy ‖ coat; cape; cloak; mantle • to drape over one's shoulders; to wrap around • to put one's arm around another's shoulder or neck
|
|
Line 3,660: Line 4,427:
|幔 (eum 만 (man))
|幔 (eum 만 (man))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mạn • Hán-Nôm : màn
|
|
|幔
|幔
|-
|-
|幗
|幗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kwojH • Middle-Chinese : kweak
|(historical) women's headgear; women's hair ornament
|(historical) women's headgear; women's hair ornament
|
|
Line 3,670: Line 4,439:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quắc • Hán-Nôm : vức
|
|
|幗
|幗
|-
|-
|幛
|幛
|Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn
|a type of oblong banner or scroll carrying a message used at weddings, funerals, etc. • to cover
|a type of oblong banner or scroll carrying a message used at weddings, funerals, etc. • to cover
Line 3,680: Line 4,451:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trướng
|
|
|幛
|幛
|-
|-
|幟
|幟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯɡs, *tʰjɯɡs, *hljɯɡs) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshì • Middle-Chinese : syiH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhiH
|flag; banner • (literary) mark; sign • a surname
|flag; banner • (literary) mark; sign • a surname
| ‖ 幟(のぼり) • (nobori)
| ‖ 幟(のぼり) • (nobori)
Line 3,690: Line 4,463:
|幟 • (chi) · 幟 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i)
|幟 • (chi) · 幟 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i)
|
|
|canonical : 幟: Hán Việt readings: xí 幟: Nôm readings: xí
|chữ Hán form of xí (“flag, banner”).
|chữ Hán form of xí (“flag, banner”).
|幟
|幟
|-
|-
|幫
|幫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋ) : phonetic 封 (OC *poŋ, *poŋs) + semantic 帛 (“silk”) – the upper part of a shoe (鞋幫).
|the sides of an object (particularly a shoe) • to help; to assist; to aid • gang; faction; group • (dialectal) for • (Shanghainese) and; with • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 幫 (MC pang) • Classifier for groups of people. • (Hokkien) Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains. • (Hokkien) Classifier for batches of letters, bulk deliveries, etc. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to supplement (on the side) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to participate in or to depend partially or entirely on betting, contests, etc. for profit • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sublet; to sublease • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to expand; to enlarge; to extend
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pong • Middle-Chinese : pang
|the sides of an object (particularly a shoe) • to help; to assist; to aid • gang; faction; group • (informal, derogatory) Classifier for groups of people. • (dialectal) for • (Shanghainese) and; with • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 幫 (MC pang) • (Hokkien) Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains. • (Hokkien) Classifier for batches of letters, bulk deliveries, etc. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to supplement (on the side) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to participate in or to depend partially or entirely on betting, contests, etc. for profit • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sublet; to sublease • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to expand; to enlarge; to extend
|
|
|Kyūjitai form of 幇
|Kyūjitai form of 幇
|幫 (eumhun 도울 방 (doul bang))
|幫 (eumhun 도울 방 (doul bang))
|Hanja form of 방 (“help”).
|hanja form of 방 (“help”)
|Hán-Nôm : bang
|
|
|幫
|幫
|-
|-
|庖
|庖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruː) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Middle-Chinese : baew
|(literary) kitchen • (literary) chef; cook
|(literary) kitchen • (literary) chef; cook
|
|
Line 3,710: Line 4,487:
|庖 (eum 포 (po))
|庖 (eum 포 (po))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bào
|
|
|庖
|庖
|-
|-
|庠
|庠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaŋ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : zjang
|(archaic) country school • to teach
|(archaic) country school • to teach
|
| ‖
|
|school; originally, a school in ancient China ‖
|庠 (eum 상 (sang))
|庠 (eum 상 (sang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tường
|
|
|庠
|庠
|-
|-
|庾
|庾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Middle-Chinese : yuX
|a surname
|a surname
|
|
Line 3,730: Line 4,511:
|庾 (eumhun 곳집 유 (gotjip yu)) · 庾 (eumhun 노작가리 유 (nojakgari yu))
|庾 (eumhun 곳집 유 (gotjip yu)) · 庾 (eumhun 노작가리 유 (nojakgari yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũ
|
|
|庾
|庾
|-
|-
|廁
|廁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ts(j)i-t/n (“urine; to urinate”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tsrhiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹
|toilet; lavatory ‖ (literary) to mingle with; to participate in ‖ Used in 廁足／厕足 (cèzú).
|toilet; lavatory ‖ (literary) to mingle with; to participate in ‖ Used in 廁足／厕足 (cèzú).
|
|
Line 3,740: Line 4,523:
|廁 (eum 치 (chi))
|廁 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xí
|
|
|廁
|廁
|-
|-
|廂
|廂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn • Middle-Chinese : sjang
|wing; side room; theater box • side • train carriage; compartment • vicinity of a city
|wing; side room; theater box • side • train carriage; compartment • vicinity of a city
|
|
Line 3,750: Line 4,535:
|廂 • (sang) · 廂 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)
|廂 • (sang) · 廂 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : rương • Hán-Nôm : sương • Hán-Nôm : tương
|
|
|廂
|廂
|-
|-
|廈
|廈
|Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːs, *ɡraːʔ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs). \ Related to 嘏 (OC *kraːʔ, “great”) (Wang, 1982). ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā • Middle-Chinese : haeX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe
|mansion; large building • a surname ‖ Only used in 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén); also used as its short form.
|mansion; large building • a surname ‖ Only used in 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén); also used as its short form.
|
|
Line 3,760: Line 4,547:
|廈 (eum 하 (ha))
|廈 (eum 하 (ha))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hè • Hán-Nôm : hạ
|
|
|廈
|廈
|-
|-
|廖
|廖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːw, *rɯːws, *rɯws) : semantic 广 + phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu • Middle-Chinese : lew • Middle-Chinese : ljuwH
|(～國) the Zhou dynasty-era state of Liao • a surname
|(～國) the Zhou dynasty-era state of Liao • a surname
|
|
Line 3,770: Line 4,559:
|廖 (eum 료 (ryo))
|廖 (eum 료 (ryo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liêu
|
|
|廖
|廖
|-
|-
|廚
|廚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *do) : semantic 广 + phonetic 尌 (OC *djos). ‖ Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 厨(ちゅう) (-chū).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Middle-Chinese : drju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ
|kitchen • cook; chef (Classifier: 個／个 c) • Original form of 櫥／橱 (chú, “closet; cupboard”). ‖ (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) someone who is zealously enthusiastic about something • (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) to be zealous about something
|kitchen • cook; chef (Classifier: 個／个 c) • Original form of 櫥／橱 (chú, “closet; cupboard”). ‖ (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) someone who is zealously enthusiastic about something • (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) to be zealous about something
|
|
Line 3,780: Line 4,571:
|廚 • (ju) · 廚 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu)
|廚 • (ju) · 廚 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chù • Hán-Nôm : chùa • Hán-Nôm : trù
|
|
|廚
|廚
|-
|-
|廝
|廝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *se) : semantic 广 + phonetic 斯 (OC *se).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : sje
|(male) servant; menial • A lightly insulting term used to refer to someone. • mutually; with each other
|(male) servant; menial • A lightly insulting term used to refer to someone. • mutually; with each other
|
|
Line 3,790: Line 4,583:
|廝 (eum 시 (si))
|廝 (eum 시 (si))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tư
|
|
|廝
|廝
|-
|-
|廠
|廠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs) : semantic 广 + phonetic 敞 (OC *tʰjaŋʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhangX • Middle-Chinese : tsyhangH
|^† shack (without wall) • ^† (animal) shed • factory; workshop; mill; (industrial) plant • depot; yard
|^† shack (without wall) • ^† (animal) shed • factory; workshop; mill; (industrial) plant • depot; yard
| ‖ 廠(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
| ‖ 廠(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
Line 3,800: Line 4,595:
|廠 (eum 창 (chang))
|廠 (eum 창 (chang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xưởng
|
|
|廠
|廠
|-
|-
|廬
|廬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ra) : semantic 广 + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : ljo
|rudimentary lodgings; hut; shack; simple countryside house • (archaic) inn; guesthouse; lodging (for officials) • (historical) hut near a tomb used for morning • (～山) Mount Lu in Jiangxi province • a surname
|rudimentary lodgings; hut; shack; simple countryside house • (archaic) inn; guesthouse; lodging (for officials) • (historical) hut near a tomb used for morning • (～山) Mount Lu in Jiangxi province • a surname
| ‖ 廬(いお) • (io) ^(←いほ (ifo)?) ‖ 廬(いおり) • (iori) ^(←いほり (ifori)?)
| ‖ 廬(いお) • (io) ^(←いほ (ifo)?) ‖ 廬(いおり) • (iori) ^(←いほり (ifori)?)
Line 3,810: Line 4,607:
|廬 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|廬 (eum 려 (ryeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lư
|
|
|廬
|廬
|-
|-
|廿
|廿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p
|The pronunciation in most dialects is a contraction of 二十 (èrshí). The irregular pronunciation (e.g. /nVm/) dates back to the Song dynasty, to avoid homophony with a vulgar word; see 入 (rù) (now commonly written as 日 (rì) in dialects).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p • Middle-Chinese : nyip
|twenty
|twenty
| ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (hatachi) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (Hatachi)
| ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (hatachi) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (Hatachi)
Line 3,820: Line 4,619:
|廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip)) · 廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip))
|廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip)) · 廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip))
|twenty; twentieth
|twenty; twentieth
|Hán-Nôm : niệm • Hán-Nôm : trấp • Hán-Nôm : trập • Hán-Nôm : nhập • Hán-Nôm : chấp
|
|
|廿
|廿
|-
|-
|弈
|弈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k
|
|Go (Classical Chinese term for the board game Go, commonly known in Modern Chinese as 圍棋／围棋 (wéiqí)) • to play Go • Alternative form of 奕 (yì)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek
|(literary) Go (board game) • to play Go • Alternative form of 奕 (yì)
|
|
|Chinese chess
|Chinese chess
|弈 (eum 혁 (hyeok))
|弈 (eum 혁 (hyeok))
|Chinese chess
|Chinese chess
|Hán-Nôm : dịch
|
|
|弈
|弈
|-
|-
|弥
|弥
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,839: Line 4,642:
|go across; span; cover • widely, extensively; far and wide • increasingly; more and more • for a long time; forever ‖ a male given name ‖ Used in transliterations.
|go across; span; cover • widely, extensively; far and wide • increasingly; more and more • for a long time; forever ‖ a male given name ‖ Used in transliterations.
|弥 (eum 미 (mi))
|弥 (eum 미 (mi))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,844: Line 4,648:
|-
|-
|弩
|弩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǒo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːʔ) : phonetic 奴 (OC *naː) + semantic 弓 (“bow”). \ Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na (“crossbow”), whence Drung tana, Naxi daqna. \ Unger (1990) suggests a derivation from 努 (OC *naːʔ, “to tense; to exert”), as the crossbow shoots arrows by releasing elastic potential energy stored in its limbs. Ferlus (1999) cites Gernet's opinion that 砮 (OC *naː, *naːʔ, “stone arrow-tip”) had been semantically extended to mean the whole crossbow. \ More likely, 弩 (OC *naːʔ) and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na were Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman renditions of a Mainland Southeast Asian Wanderwort (Ratliff, 2010), possibly of Austroasiatic origin (Norman and Mei, 1976; Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007). Compare other MSEA lexical items meaning "crossbow": \ * Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ, whence Vietnamese ná, Khmer ស្នា (snaa); \ * Proto-Hmong-Mien *nhaᴮ, whence White Hmong hneev, Iu Mien hnaav; \ * Proto-Tai *ʰnwɯəꟲ, whence Thai หน้าไม้ (nâa-máai), Lao ໜ້າໄມ້ (nā mai), Lü ᦐᦱᧉᦺᦙᧉ (ṅaa²may²). \ Also compare Proto-Austronesian *panaq (“to shoot (an arrow)”) (cf. Proto-Mon-Khmer *paɲʔ) whence Malay panah, Tagalog panà, Hawaiian pana.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǒo • Middle-Chinese : nuX
|crossbow
|crossbow
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 3,850: Line 4,655:
|弩 • (no) · 弩 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no, Yale no)
|弩 • (no) · 弩 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no, Yale no)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nỏ • Hán-Nôm : nỗ • Hán-Nôm : ná • Hán-Nôm : nõ
|
|
|弩
|弩
|-
|-
|弭
|弭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Middle-Chinese : mjieX
|(literary) to stop; to put an end to; to remove • (archaic) bow decorated with bone or ivory at the ends • (archaic) curved ends of a bow • (archaic) to reassure; to assuage; to calm • (archaic) to forget • Used in place names. • a surname
|(literary) to stop; to put an end to; to remove • (archaic) bow decorated with bone or ivory at the ends • (archaic) curved ends of a bow • (archaic) to reassure; to assuage; to calm • (archaic) to forget • Used in place names. • a surname
|
|
Line 3,860: Line 4,667:
|弭 (eum 미 (mi))
|弭 (eum 미 (mi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhẹ • Hán-Nôm : nhĩ • Hán-Nôm : nhị
|
|
|弭
|弭
|-
|-
|弼
|弼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Middle-Chinese : bit
|(literary) to aid; to assist; to help • assistant • tool for rectifying crossbow • to go against; to run counter to
|(literary) to aid; to assist; to help • assistant • tool for rectifying crossbow • to go against; to run counter to
|
|
Line 3,870: Line 4,679:
|弼 • (pil) · 弼 • (pil) (hangeul 필, revised pil, McCune–Reischauer p'il, Yale phil)
|弼 • (pil) · 弼 • (pil) (hangeul 필, revised pil, McCune–Reischauer p'il, Yale phil)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bặt • Hán-Nôm : bậc • Hán-Nôm : bật • Hán-Nôm : bằn
|
|
|弼
|弼
|-
|-
|彆
|彆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bit³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *peds, *peːd) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 弓 (“bow”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bit³ • Middle-Chinese : pjiejH
|ends of bow • to make somebody change their opinion; to dissuade • to hold back
|ends of bow • to make somebody change their opinion; to dissuade • to hold back
|
|
|
|
|彆 (eumhun 활 뒤틀릴 별 (hwal dwiteullil byeol))
|彆 (eumhun 활 뒤틀릴 별 (hwal dwiteullil byeol))
|Hanja form of 별 (“warped bow”).
|hanja form of 별 (“warped bow”)
|
|
|
|彆
|彆
|-
|彌
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mnel) : semantic 弓 + phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : mjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Middle-Chinese : mjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ
|to relax a bow • to fill; to cover • full; overflowing; extensive • long; distant • more • to mend; to repair • a surname ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 弭 (mǐ, “to stop; to put down”) ‖ Alternative form of 婗 (ní)
|
|Kyūjitai form of 弥.
|彌 (eumhun 미륵 미 (mireuk mi)) · 彌 (eumhun 두루 미 (duru mi))
|
|canonical : 彌: Hán Việt readings: di 彌: Nôm readings: di
|
|彌
|-
|-
|彎
|彎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uainn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons). \ May be cognate with 迂 (OC *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa). \ ; “homosexual”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uainn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Middle-Chinese : 'waen
|to bend; to make bent • (Penang Hokkien) to turn; to make a turn; to change direction • to draw a bow • bent; curved; crooked; arched • (neologism, slang) gay; homosexual • bend; turn; curve; crook • (Chinese calligraphy) a bend (such as in ㇉, ㇌, ㇟, or ㇠) • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in a river • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in the coastline; bay, gulf • Classifier for bent objects, such as a quarter moon.
|to bend; to make bent • (Penang Hokkien) to turn; to make a turn; to change direction • to draw a bow • bent; curved; crooked; arched • (neologism, slang) gay; homosexual • bend; turn; curve; crook • (Chinese calligraphy) a bend (such as in ㇉, ㇌, ㇟, or ㇠) • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in a river • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in the coastline; bay, gulf • Classifier for bent objects, such as a quarter moon.
| ‖ 彎(わん) • (wan)
| ‖ 彎(わん) • (wan)
Line 3,890: Line 4,715:
|彎 (eum 만 (man))
|彎 (eum 만 (man))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loan • Hán-Nôm : thoăn
|
|
|彎
|彎
|-
|-
|当
|当
|
|
|
|
|
Line 3,900: Line 4,727:
|当 • (dang) · 当 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|当 • (dang) · 当 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đáng • Hán-Nôm : đương
|
|
|当
|当
|-
|-
|彗
|彗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huī ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 甡 (“broom”) + 又 (“hand”) – to hold a broom which is made of bamboo. \ Sagart (2021) modifies Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction to *sə-m-pʰˤut-s, deriving it from a root *pʰˤut (“dust”), with the iambic form of the prefix *s-, which derives circumstantial nouns, and the prefix *m-, which derives verbs of volitional action from nouns, and relates it to 勃 (OC *bɯːd) and 孛 (OC *bɯːds, *bɯːd). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huī • Middle-Chinese : zwijH • Middle-Chinese : zjwejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwejH
|(literary) broom • comet • to sweep; to brush ‖ Alternative form of 熭 (wèi)
|(literary) broom • comet • to sweep; to brush ‖ Alternative form of 熭 (wèi)
|
|
|comet • broom • to sweep
|comet • broom • to sweep
|彗 (eumhun 살별 혜 (salbyeol hye))
|彗 (eumhun 살별 혜 (salbyeol hye))
|Hanja form of 혜 (“comet”).
|hanja form of 혜 (“comet”)
|Hán-Nôm : tuệ
|
|
|彗
|彗
|-
|-
|彥
|彥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrans) : phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 彣 (“variegated; literary talent”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH
|elegant; handsome • learned; accomplished
|elegant; handsome • learned; accomplished
|
|
Line 3,920: Line 4,751:
|彥 • (eon) · 彥 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en)
|彥 • (eon) · 彥 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngạn
|
|
|彥
|彥
|-
|-
|彷
|彷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : phjangX
|Used in 彷徉 (pángyáng). • Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). ‖ Alternative form of 仿 • Used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú).
|Used in 彷徉 (pángyáng). • Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). ‖ Alternative form of 仿 • Used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú).
|
|
Line 3,930: Line 4,763:
|彷 (eum 방 (bang))
|彷 (eum 방 (bang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phảng
|
|
|彷
|彷
|-
|-
|彿
|彿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut • Middle-Chinese : phjut
|Only used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú).
|Only used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú).
|
|
Line 3,940: Line 4,775:
|彿 • (bul) · 彿 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul)
|彿 • (bul) · 彿 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phớt
|
|
|彿
|彿
|-
|-
|径
|径
|Simplified from 徑 (巠 → 𢀖) based on the table of 54 simplified radical components listed in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme by the People's Republic of China. ‖ Simplified from 逕 which is listed as a variant traditional form of 徑／径 (jìng) in the 1956 first round revision table of variant Chinese characters (第一批异体字整理表) by the People's Republic of China. \ As a variant form, 逕／迳 (jìng) is to be replaced by 徑／径 (jìng) as its orthodox form, which is succeeded by 径 as the simplified form of 徑／径 (jìng). ‖ Unorthodox variant simplified from 徑 (巠 → 圣) found in a moveable type copy of the classical Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei 《金瓶梅 (Jīnpíngméi)》. \ First attested in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930 that records unorthodox forms (俗字 (súzì)) that have existed since the Song dynasty. \ Another similar character, which has (⿱ス土) as its right component can also be found in 《太平樂府》.
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
Line 3,950: Line 4,787:
|径 • (gyeong) · 径 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|径 • (gyeong) · 径 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kính
|
|
|径
|径
|-
|-
|徇
|徇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɢʷins) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : zwinH
|to submit; to comply
|to submit; to comply
|
|
Line 3,960: Line 4,799:
|徇 • (sun) · 徇 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|徇 • (sun) · 徇 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : toang • Hán-Nôm : toạng • Hán-Nôm : tuân • Hán-Nôm : tuẫn
|
|
|徇
|徇
|-
|-
|徨
|徨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang
|Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). • Used in 徨徨.
|Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). • Used in 徨徨.
|
|
Line 3,970: Line 4,811:
|徨 (eum 황 (hwang))
|徨 (eum 황 (hwang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hoàng
|
|
|徨
|徨
|-
|-
|徬
|徬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːŋs) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Middle-Chinese : bangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴
|(archaic) to walk alongside; to accompany ‖ Used in 徬徨.
|(archaic) to walk alongside; to accompany ‖ Used in 徬徨.
|
|
Line 3,980: Line 4,823:
|徬 (eum 방 (bang))
|徬 (eum 방 (bang))
|to wander about • walk along side of • to be next to
|to wander about • walk along side of • to be next to
|Hán-Nôm : bàng
|
|
|徬
|徬
|-
|-
|忖
|忖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Middle-Chinese : tshwonX
|to ponder; to speculate • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to think • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to want • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to look forward to; to plan for • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to miss
|to ponder; to speculate • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to think • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to want • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to look forward to; to plan for • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to miss
|
|
Line 3,990: Line 4,835:
|忖 (eumhun 헤아릴 촌 (hearil chon))
|忖 (eumhun 헤아릴 촌 (hearil chon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thổn
|
|
|忖
|忖
|-
|-
|忝
|忝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim⁵ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms) : phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn) + semantic 心 (“heart”) ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim⁵ • Middle-Chinese : themX • Middle-Chinese : themH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiám
|(literary) to shame • (literary, self-deprecatory) ashamedly; with disgrace ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 悿 (“tired; serious”)
|(literary) to shame • (literary, self-deprecatory) ashamedly; with disgrace ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 悿 (“tired; serious”)
|
|
Line 4,000: Line 4,847:
|忝 • (cheom) · 忝 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|忝 • (cheom) · 忝 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thỏm • Hán-Nôm : thiểm
|
|
|忝
|忝
|-
|-
|怏
|怏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jangX • Middle-Chinese : 'jangH
|discontented; dissatisfied; disgruntled
|discontented; dissatisfied; disgruntled
|
|
Line 4,010: Line 4,859:
|怏 • (ang) · 怏 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|怏 • (ang) · 怏 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ửng • Hán-Nôm : ương • Hán-Nôm : ưởng
|
|
|怏
|怏
|-
|-
|怵
|怵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhwit ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot¹
|to fear; to be afraid • sad; sorrowful ‖ (alt. form 訹／𰵓) to entice; to seduce; to lure
|to fear; to be afraid • sad; sorrowful ‖ (alt. form 訹／𰵓) to entice; to seduce; to lure
|
|
Line 4,020: Line 4,871:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : truột
|
|
|怵
|怵
|-
|恆
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 亙 (OC *kɯːŋs, “partial moon”). \ May have originally been written 亙. \ In Small Seal Script, the 月 in 亙 was written 舟. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 亙 (OC *kɯːŋs, “partial moon”). \ May have originally been written 亙. \ In Small Seal Script, the 月 in 亙 was written 舟.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hn̂g • Middle-Chinese : hong
|^† (of the moon) to wax • ^† to extend everywhere ‖ lasting; constant • ordinary • perseverance • (literary) often; frequently • 32nd hexagram of the I Ching; “endurance” (䷟)
|
|always, constant
|恆 • (hang) · 恆 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)
|
|Hán-Nôm : hằng
|
|恆
|-
|-
|恋
|恋
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,029: Line 4,894:
|attach • love ‖ love, especially romantic love • longing, yearning ‖ a female given name
|attach • love ‖ love, especially romantic love • longing, yearning ‖ a female given name
|恋 • (ryeon>yeon) · 恋 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|恋 • (ryeon>yeon) · 恋 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,034: Line 4,900:
|-
|-
|恙
|恙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋs) : phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ) + semantic 心.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng • Middle-Chinese : yangH
|worry • disaster; calamity • illness; ailment • (～蟲) chigger
|worry • disaster; calamity • illness; ailment • (～蟲) chigger
| ‖ 恙(つつが) • (tsutsuga)
| ‖ 恙(つつが) • (tsutsuga)
Line 4,040: Line 4,907:
|恙 (eum 양 (yang))
|恙 (eum 양 (yang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dạng
|
|
|恙
|恙
|-
|-
|恪
|恪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰlaːɡ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Middle-Chinese : khak
|^† respectful; scrupulous • ^† solemn; serious • a surname
|^† respectful; scrupulous • ^† solemn; serious • a surname
|
|
Line 4,050: Line 4,919:
|恪 (eum 각 (gak))
|恪 (eum 각 (gak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khác
|
|
|恪
|恪
|-
|-
|恫
|恫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung¹ • Middle-Chinese : thuwng • Middle-Chinese : duwngH
|
|
|
|
Line 4,060: Line 4,931:
|恫 • (tong) · 恫 • (tong) (hangeul 통, revised tong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, Yale thong)
|恫 • (tong) · 恫 • (tong) (hangeul 통, revised tong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, Yale thong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : động • Hán-Nôm : thông
|
|
|恫
|恫
|-
|-
|恿
|恿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋʔ) : phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite”). • Alternative form of 勇 (yǒng, “brave; courage; bravery”)
|Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite”). • Alternative form of 勇 (yǒng, “brave; courage; bravery”)
|
|
Line 4,070: Line 4,943:
|恿 • (yong) · 恿 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|恿 • (yong) · 恿 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũng
|
|
|恿
|恿
|-
|悅
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lod, *lod) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ Often written as 說 in pre-Qin texts. \ STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). Cognate with 愉 (OC *lo, “happy; pleased”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to speak; to explain”), 脫 (OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd, “to take off (clothes); to escape”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : ywet
|pleased; contented; gratified • to be pleasing to • to like; to love
|
|
|悅 (eum 열 (yeol))
|
|Hán-Nôm : duyệt
|
|悅
|-
|-
|悌
|悌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tē
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls). Often written as 弟 in Pre-Qin classics.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tē • Middle-Chinese : dejX • Middle-Chinese : dejH
|to love and respect one's elder brothers • (chiefly in compounds, of the mind) peaceful; at ease
|to love and respect one's elder brothers • (chiefly in compounds, of the mind) peaceful; at ease
|
|
Line 4,080: Line 4,967:
|悌 (eum 제 (je))
|悌 (eum 제 (je))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đễ
|
|
|悌
|悌
|-
|-
|悚
|悚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX
|to fear; to be terrified
|to fear; to be terrified
|
|
Line 4,090: Line 4,979:
|悚 (eum 송 (song))
|悚 (eum 송 (song))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tủng
|
|
|悚
|悚
|-
|-
|悵
|悵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Middle-Chinese : trhjangH
|disappointed; dissatisfied
|disappointed; dissatisfied
|
|
Line 4,100: Line 4,991:
|悵 (eum 창 (chang))
|悵 (eum 창 (chang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trướng
|
|
|悵
|悵
|-
|-
|悶
|悶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːns) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 心 \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mun (“dark”) (STEDT). Cognate with 昏 (OC *hmɯːn, “dusk; dark”), Tibetan མུན་པ (mun pa, “darkness”), Burmese မှုန် (hmun, “dim; gloomy”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn • Middle-Chinese : mwonH
|gloomy; depressed; melancholy • bored • stuffy
|gloomy; depressed; melancholy • bored • stuffy
| ‖ 悶(もん) • (mon)
| ‖ 悶(もん) • (mon)
| ‖ agony
| ‖ agony
|悶 (eumhun 답답할 민 (dapdaphal min))
|悶 (eumhun 답답할 민 (dapdaphal min))
|Hanja form of 민 (“agony”).
|hanja form of 민 (“agony”)
|canonical : 悶: Hán Việt readings: muộn • canonical : môn 悶: Nôm readings: muốn • canonical : mụn
|chữ Hán form of muộn (“sad, sorrowful”). • Nôm form of muốn (“to want, to desire”).
|chữ Hán form of muộn (“sad, sorrowful”). • Nôm form of muốn (“to want, to desire”).
|悶
|悶
|-
|-
|悸
|悸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷids) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 季 (OC *kʷids).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjwijH
|
|
|
|
|
|
|悸 • (gye) · 悸 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|悸 • (gye) · 悸 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,124: Line 5,020:
|-
|-
|悻
|悻
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁵
|(literary) angry; resentful
|(literary) angry; resentful
Line 4,130: Line 5,027:
|悻 (eum 행 (haeng))
|悻 (eum 행 (haeng))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hãnh
|
|
|悻
|悻
|-
|-
|悽
|悽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshej
|(alt. form 淒／凄) miserable; sorrowful; sad
|(alt. form 淒／凄) miserable; sorrowful; sad
|
|
Line 4,140: Line 5,039:
|悽 (eum 처 (cheo))
|悽 (eum 처 (cheo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thê
|
|
|悽
|悽
|-
|-
|惆
|惆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Middle-Chinese : khjuw
|disappointed; sad; grieved ‖ ^‡ Alternative form of 恘 (qiū, “perverse”)
|disappointed; sad; grieved ‖ ^‡ Alternative form of 恘 (qiū, “perverse”)
|
|
Line 4,150: Line 5,051:
|惆 (eum 추 (chu))
|惆 (eum 추 (chu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trù
|
|
|惆
|惆
|-
|-
|惘
|惘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bòng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maŋʔ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 罔 (OC *mlaŋʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bòng • Middle-Chinese : mjangX
|disappointed; disconcerted; dejected; discouraged
|disappointed; disconcerted; dejected; discouraged
|
|
Line 4,160: Line 5,063:
|惘 (eum 망 (mang))
|惘 (eum 망 (mang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : võng
|
|
|惘
|惘
|-
|-
|惚
|惚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːd) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 忽 (OC *hmɯːd).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut • Middle-Chinese : xwot
|absent-minded; confused
|absent-minded; confused
|
|
Line 4,170: Line 5,075:
|惚 (eum 홀 (hol))
|惚 (eum 홀 (hol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hốt • Hán-Nôm : ghen
|
|
|惚
|惚
|-
|-
|惧
|惧
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|dread
|dread
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,184: Line 5,092:
|-
|-
|惨
|惨
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,190: Line 5,099:
|惨 • (cham, chim) · 惨 • (cham, chim) (hangeul 참, 침, revised cham, chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, ch'im, Yale cham, chim)
|惨 • (cham, chim) · 惨 • (cham, chim) (hangeul 참, 침, revised cham, chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, ch'im, Yale cham, chim)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thảm • Hán-Nôm : thom
|
|
|惨
|惨
|-
|-
|惴
|惴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Middle-Chinese : tsyweH
|
|
|
|
Line 4,200: Line 5,111:
|惴 (eum 췌 (chwe))
|惴 (eum 췌 (chwe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhoai
|
|
|惴
|惴
|-
|-
|惺
|惺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing² • Middle-Chinese : seng • Middle-Chinese : sjengX
|(literary) intelligent; clever; astute • (literary) to come to understand; to come to realize
|(literary) intelligent; clever; astute • (literary) to come to understand; to come to realize
|
|
Line 4,210: Line 5,123:
|惺 • (seong, hwang) · 惺 • (seong, hwang) (hangeul 성, 황, revised seong, hwang, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, hwang, Yale seng, hwang)
|惺 • (seong, hwang) · 惺 • (seong, hwang) (hangeul 성, 황, revised seong, hwang, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, hwang, Yale seng, hwang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tênh • Hán-Nôm : tinh
|
|
|惺
|惺
|-
|-
|惻
|惻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik • Middle-Chinese : tsrhik
|sad; sorrowful; grieved • to be sympathetic; to be empathetic • (literary) sincere; earnest
|sad; sorrowful; grieved • to be sympathetic; to be empathetic • (literary) sincere; earnest
|
|
Line 4,220: Line 5,135:
|惻 (eum 측 (cheuk))
|惻 (eum 측 (cheuk))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trắc
|
|
|惻
|惻
|-
|-
|愀
|愀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : tshjewX • Middle-Chinese : dzjuwX
|to look solemn or sad
|to look solemn or sad
|
|
Line 4,230: Line 5,147:
|愀 (eum 초 (cho))
|愀 (eum 초 (cho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xỉu
|
|
|愀
|愀
|-
|-
|愎
|愎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Middle-Chinese : bik
|obstinate; stubborn; headstrong
|obstinate; stubborn; headstrong
|
|
|
|
|愎 (eumhun 강퍅할 퍅 (gangpyakhal pyak))
|愎 (eumhun 강퍅할 퍅 (gangpyakhal pyak))
|Hanja form of 퍅 (“obstinate; stubborn; headstrong”).
|hanja form of 퍅 (“obstinate; stubborn; headstrong”)
|Hán-Nôm : phục • Hán-Nôm : phức
|
|
|愎
|愎
|-
|-
|愜
|愜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːb) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 匧 (OC *kʰeːb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Middle-Chinese : khep
|
|
|
|
Line 4,250: Line 5,171:
|愜 (eum 협 (hyeop))
|愜 (eum 협 (hyeop))
|be satisfied • be comfortable
|be satisfied • be comfortable
|Hán-Nôm : khép • Hán-Nôm : khiếp • Hán-Nôm : thiếp
|
|
|愜
|愜
|-
|-
|愴
|愴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX
|(literary) sad; sorrowful • Alternative form of 滄／沧 (cāng, “cold”) ‖ Only used in 愴怳／怆怳 (chuǎnghuǎng).
|(literary) sad; sorrowful • Alternative form of 滄／沧 (cāng, “cold”) ‖ Only used in 愴怳／怆怳 (chuǎnghuǎng).
|
|
Line 4,260: Line 5,183:
|愴 (eum 창 (chang))
|愴 (eum 창 (chang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sảng • Hán-Nôm : thương
|
|
|愴
|愴
|-
|愼
|
|
|
|humility • be careful • discrete • prudent
|愼 (eumhun 삼갈 신 (samgal sin))
|
|
|愼
|-
|-
|愾
|愾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ • Middle-Chinese : khojH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei³ • Middle-Chinese : xj+jH
|(literary) to hate; to resent; to be angry ‖ ^† to sigh
|(literary) to hate; to resent; to be angry ‖ ^† to sigh
|
|
Line 4,280: Line 5,195:
|愾 • (gae, hui) · 愾 • (gae, hui) (hangeul 개, 희, revised gae, hui, McCune–Reischauer kae, hŭi, Yale kay, huy)
|愾 • (gae, hui) · 愾 • (gae, hui) (hangeul 개, 희, revised gae, hui, McCune–Reischauer kae, hŭi, Yale kay, huy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khái
|
|
|愾
|愾
|-
|-
|慇
|慇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯn) : phonetic 殷 (OC *qrɯːn, *qɯn) + semantic 心 (“heart”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'j+n
|careful, anxious, attentive • Alternative form of 殷 (“courteous; intimate”)
|careful, anxious, attentive • Alternative form of 殷 (“courteous; intimate”)
| ‖ 慇(いん) • (in)
| ‖ 慇(いん) • (in)
Line 4,290: Line 5,207:
|慇 (eum 은 (eun))
|慇 (eum 은 (eun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ân
|
|
|慇
|慇
|-
|慍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ùn
|(literary) to be angry; to resent
|
|be angry (excited)
|慍 (eum 온 (on))
|
|
|慍
|-
|-
|慚
|慚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaːm) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshân • Middle-Chinese : dzam
|ashamed; embarrassed
|ashamed; embarrassed
|
|
Line 4,310: Line 5,219:
|慚 • (cham) · 慚 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|慚 • (cham) · 慚 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tàm • Hán-Nôm : tuồm • Hán-Nôm : tam • Hán-Nôm : tom • Hán-Nôm : tùm
|
|
|慚
|慚
|-
|-
|慝
|慝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nik¹
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nik¹ • Middle-Chinese : thok
|vice, evil, malevolence • Alternative form of 忒
|
|
|
|
|慝 (eum 특 (teuk))
|慝 (eum 특 (teuk))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nấc • Hán-Nôm : nức • Hán-Nôm : thắc
|
|
|慝
|慝
|-
|-
|慟
|慟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwngH
|
|
|
|
|lament, grieve
|慟 (eum 통 (tong))
|慟 (eum 통 (tong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đỏng
|
|
|慟
|慟
|-
|-
|慫
|慫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 心 (“heart”). \ Probably related to 兇／凶 (xiōng, “fear”) (Schuessler, 2007, p. 480). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 心 (“heart”). \ Probably related to 兇／凶 (xiōng, “fear”) (Schuessler, 2007, p. 480).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˊ
|(obsolete) to be afraid; to be frightened; to be alarmed • Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite; to provoke”). ‖ Alternative form of 㞞／𪨊 (sóng)
|(obsolete) to be afraid; to be frightened; to be alarmed • Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite; to provoke”). ‖ Alternative form of 㞞／𪨊 (sóng)
|
|
Line 4,340: Line 5,255:
|慫 • (jong) · 慫 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|慫 • (jong) · 慫 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : túng
|
|
|慫
|慫
|-
|-
|慼
|慼
|
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshereh
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshereh
|(Mainland China Hokkien) to sob; to cry softly • (Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to loathe; to hate; to dislike; to be disgusted with • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to resolve to repent and mend one's ways • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) sorrowful; mournful
|(Mainland China Hokkien) to sob; to cry softly • (Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to loathe; to hate; to dislike; to be disgusted with • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to resolve to repent and mend one's ways • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) sorrowful; mournful
Line 4,350: Line 5,267:
|慼 • (cheok) · 慼 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|慼 • (cheok) · 慼 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thích
|
|
|慼
|慼
|-
|-
|憊
|憊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pāi
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pāi • Middle-Chinese : beajH
|tired; weary; fatigued
|tired; weary; fatigued
|
|
Line 4,360: Line 5,279:
|憊 (eum 비 (bi))
|憊 (eum 비 (bi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bị
|
|
|憊
|憊
|-
|-
|憑
|憑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : bang⁶ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : peng¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯŋ) : phonetic 馮 (OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) + semantic 心. ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Middle-Chinese : bing ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : peng¹
|to lean on; to lean against • to depend on; to rely on • (colloquial) no matter • on the basis of; according to; by • proof; evidence • (literary) to request • Alternative form of 馮／冯 (“to wade across a river”) ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) to lean against ‖ back (of a chair); backrest
|to lean on; to lean against • to depend on; to rely on • (colloquial) no matter • on the basis of; according to; by • proof; evidence • (literary) to request • Alternative form of 馮／冯 (“to wade across a river”) ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) to lean against ‖ back (of a chair); backrest
|
|
|to lean on • to depend on • (of a spirit) to possess
|to lean on • to depend on • (of a spirit) to possess
|憑 (eumhun 기댈 빙 (gidael bing))
|憑 (eumhun 기댈 빙 (gidael bing))
|Hanja form of 빙 (“lean”).
|hanja form of 빙 (“lean”)
|Hán-Nôm : bằng
|equal, even
|equal, even
|憑
|憑
|-
|-
|憚
|憚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuānn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːns) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to shiver, to tremble”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuānn • Middle-Chinese : danH
|(literary) to fear
|(literary) to fear
|
|
Line 4,380: Line 5,303:
|憚 • (tan) · 憚 • (tan) (hangeul 탄)
|憚 • (tan) · 憚 • (tan) (hangeul 탄)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dạn • Hán-Nôm : đạn • Hán-Nôm : đặn
|
|
|憚
|憚
|-
|-
|懍
|懍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lún
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rɯmʔ) : phonetic 稟 (OC *prɯmʔ) + semantic 忄 (“heart, emotions”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lún • Middle-Chinese : limX
|
|
|
|
Line 4,390: Line 5,315:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lầm • Hán-Nôm : lẫm
|
|
|懍
|懍
|-
|-
|懣
|懣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwonX • Middle-Chinese : manX • Middle-Chinese : mwonH
|
|
|
|
Line 4,400: Line 5,327:
|懣 (eum 문 (mun))
|懣 (eum 문 (mun))
|be sick at heart • sorrowful, sad
|be sick at heart • sorrowful, sad
|Hán-Nôm : muộn
|
|
|懣
|懣
|-
|-
|懵
|懵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːŋs, *mɯːŋʔ) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 瞢 (OC *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng • Middle-Chinese : muwngX
|absent-minded; stupid; muddle-headed
|absent-minded; stupid; muddle-headed
|
|
Line 4,410: Line 5,339:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mộng • Hán-Nôm : mẫng • Hán-Nôm : mỗng
|
|
|懵
|懵
|-
|-
|懶
|懶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːnʔ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 賴 (OC *raːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Middle-Chinese : lanX
|lazy; indolent; slothful • sluggish; drowsy • (often with 得) too lazy to do something; not feeling like doing something
|lazy; indolent; slothful • sluggish; drowsy • (often with 得) too lazy to do something; not feeling like doing something
|
|
|languid • be lazy • be negligent
|languid • be lazy • be negligent
|懶 (eum 라 (ra), South Korea 나 (na)) · 懶 (eum 란 (ran), South Korea 난 (nan))
|懶 (eum 라 (ra), word-initial (South Korea) 나 (na)) · 懶 (eum 란 (ran), word-initial (South Korea) 난 (nan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lại • Hán-Nôm : lãn • Hán-Nôm : lớn • Hán-Nôm : lười
|
|
|懶
|懶
|-
|-
|懺
|懺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraːms) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). \ Clipping of 懺摩 (MC tsrhaemH ma, “repentance”), from Sanskrit क्षमा (kṣamā, “patience; forbearance; indulgence”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaemH
|to repent • to confess on account of repentance
|to repent • to confess on account of repentance
|
|
Line 4,430: Line 5,363:
|懺 • (cham) · 懺 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|懺 • (cham) · 懺 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|
|
|canonical : 懺: Hán Việt readings: sám 懺: Nôm readings: sám • canonical : sắm • canonical : rám
|chữ Hán form of sám (“repent”).
|chữ Hán form of sám (“repent”).
|懺
|懺
|-
|-
|懿
|懿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'ijH
|(literary) virtuous; admirable; esteemed
|(literary) virtuous; admirable; esteemed
|
|
Line 4,440: Line 5,375:
|懿 • (ui) · 懿 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, Yale uy)
|懿 • (ui) · 懿 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, Yale uy)
|
|
|canonical : 懿: Hán Việt readings: ý
|chữ Hán form of ý (“good, fine, virtuous”).
|chữ Hán form of ý (“good, fine, virtuous”).
|懿
|懿
|-
|-
|戍
|戍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“man”) + 戈 (“spear”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù • Middle-Chinese : syuH
|to defend the frontier; (in general) to defend; to garrison • (literary) soldier that defends the border • (literary) barracks housing a garrison; garrison
|to defend the frontier; (in general) to defend; to garrison • (literary) soldier that defends the border • (literary) barracks housing a garrison; garrison
|
|
Line 4,450: Line 5,387:
|戍 • (su) · 戍 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|戍 • (su) · 戍 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|canonical : 戍: Hán Việt readings: thú 戍: Nôm readings: thú
|chữ Hán form of thú (“border defense, border garrison”).
|chữ Hán form of thú (“border defense, border garrison”).
|戍
|戍
|-
|-
|戕
|戕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 戈 (“dagger-axe”) ‖  ‖ More likely, this is a misplaced pronunciation.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang
|to kill • to harm • to destroy • (historical) an ancient axe ‖ Only used in 戕牁. ‖ Alternative form of 牁 (kē)
|to kill • to harm • to destroy • (historical) an ancient axe ‖ Only used in 戕牁. ‖ Alternative form of 牁 (kē)
|
|
Line 4,460: Line 5,399:
|戕 (eumhun 죽일 장 (jugil jang))
|戕 (eumhun 죽일 장 (jugil jang))
|kill • slay • wound • injure • hurt
|kill • slay • wound • injure • hurt
|Hán-Nôm : tường
|
|
|戕
|戕
|-
|-
|戛
|戛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𦣻 (“head”) + 戈 (“halberd”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ • Middle-Chinese : keat
|lance • tap or strike lightly
|lance • tap or strike lightly
|
|
Line 4,470: Line 5,411:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giát
|
|
|戛
|戛
|-
|-
|戟
|戟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik
|Reduced form of 𢧢: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 倝 (“branch, reduction of 榦”) + 戈 (“weapon on pole”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik • Middle-Chinese : kjaek
|halberd with both a crescent blade and spear tip used in ancient China • to stimulate; to provoke
|halberd with both a crescent blade and spear tip used in ancient China • to stimulate; to provoke
| ‖ 戟(げき) • (geki)
| ‖ 戟(げき) • (geki)
|type of weapon (halberd or spear) ‖ Ji (halberd used in ancient China)
|type of weapon (halberd or spear) ‖ Ji (halberd used in ancient China)
|戟 (eum 극 (geuk))
|戟 (eum 극 (geuk))
|Hanja form of 극 (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”).
|hanja form of 극 (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”)
|Hán-Nôm : kích
|chữ Hán form of kích (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”).
|chữ Hán form of kích (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”).
|戟
|戟
|-
|-
|戡
|戡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kham ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˇ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zam³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ) : phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums) + semantic 戈 (“dagger-axe”) ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kham • Middle-Chinese : khom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˇ • Middle-Chinese : trimX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zam³
|to subjugate; to subdue; to quell ‖ ^‡ ‖ Alternative form of 揕 (zhèn)
|to subjugate; to subdue; to quell ‖ ^‡ ‖ Alternative form of 揕 (zhèn)
|
|
Line 4,490: Line 5,435:
|戡 • (gam) · 戡 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|戡 • (gam) · 戡 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|subjugate • subdue, quell • kill
|subjugate • subdue, quell • kill
|Hán-Nôm : kham
|
|
|戡
|戡
|-
|-
|戢
|戢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Middle-Chinese : tsrip
|(literary, archaic) to store up (weapons) • (literary, archaic) to draw back; to fold back • (literary, archaic) to stop; to put an end to
|(literary, archaic) to store up (weapons) • (literary, archaic) to draw back; to fold back • (literary, archaic) to stop; to put an end to
|
|
Line 4,500: Line 5,447:
|戢 (eum 집 (jip))
|戢 (eum 집 (jip))
|to put away • to cease • store up
|to put away • to cease • store up
|Hán-Nôm : tập
|
|
|戢
|戢
|-
|-
|戮
|戮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : luk⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lak
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯwɢ) : phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws) + semantic 戈 (“dagger axe”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps related to 劉 (OC *m·ru, “slaughter”). Compare also Mru ruk (“shame”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : luk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljuwk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lak
|to kill; to massacre • to humiliate; to disgrace • to behead a corpse (as posthumous punishment) • to join forces; to cooperate ‖ (Hokkien) to use a tool to pierce an object
|to kill; to massacre • to humiliate; to disgrace • to behead a corpse (as posthumous punishment) • to join forces; to cooperate ‖ (Hokkien) to use a tool to pierce an object
|
|
Line 4,510: Line 5,459:
|戮 • (ryuk>yuk) · 戮 • (ryuk>yuk) (hangeul 륙>육, revised ryuk>yuk, McCune–Reischauer ryuk>yuk, Yale lyuk>yuk)
|戮 • (ryuk>yuk) · 戮 • (ryuk>yuk) (hangeul 륙>육, revised ryuk>yuk, McCune–Reischauer ryuk>yuk, Yale lyuk>yuk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lục • Hán-Nôm : lóc • Hán-Nôm : dốc • Hán-Nôm : nhốc • Hán-Nôm : nhộc
|
|
|戮
|戮
|-
|-
|戶
|戶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo
|Pictogram (象形) : one-half of 門 (“gate”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-k(w)a-j (“mouth; opening; spread; door; face; jaw”). Cognate with Tibetan སྒོ (sgo, “door”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Middle-Chinese : huX
|^† door • ^⁜ family; household • Classifier for households. • (only in compounds) bank account • a surname
|^† door • ^⁜ family; household • Classifier for households. • (only in compounds) bank account • a surname
|
|
Line 4,520: Line 5,471:
|戶 (eumhun 지게문 호 (jigemun ho))
|戶 (eumhun 지게문 호 (jigemun ho))
|house • hole
|house • hole
|
|Hán-Nôm : hộ
|chữ Hán form of hộ (“household; door”).
|戶
|戶
|-
|-
|户
|户
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,532: Line 5,486:
|
|
|户
|户
|-
|戾
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let
|perverse, recalcitrant, rebellious • 6th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contrariety" (𝌋)
| ‖
|Kyūjitai spelling of 戻 ‖
|戾 • (ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol) · 戾 • (ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 려>여, 렬>열, revised ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lye>ye, lyel>yel)
|
|Hán-Nôm : lệ
|
|戾
|-
|-
|扈
|扈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːʔ) : phonetic 戸 () + semantic 邑 (“area”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Middle-Chinese : huX
|(literary) escort; retinue • (literary) to restrain; to prevent
|(literary) escort; retinue • (literary) to restrain; to prevent
|
|
Line 4,540: Line 5,507:
|扈 (eum 호 (ho))
|扈 (eum 호 (ho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hộ
|
|
|扈
|扈
|-
|-
|抉
|抉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Middle-Chinese : kwet • Middle-Chinese : 'wet
|(literary) to gouge; to dig out; to pick out • (literary) to pick out; to select out • (literary) to pierce; to puncture; to butcher • (literary) to reveal; to expose • (Hokkien) to slap; to hit with one's palm • (Hokkien) to plaster; to paint; to daub (on a wall, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to apply on one's face, hands, etc. (of powder, oil, etc.) • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to sweep across to knock over • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to surpass; to be better than; to overtake
|(literary) to gouge; to dig out; to pick out • (literary) to pick out; to select out • (literary) to pierce; to puncture; to butcher • (literary) to reveal; to expose • (Hokkien) to slap; to hit with one's palm • (Hokkien) to plaster; to paint; to daub (on a wall, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to apply on one's face, hands, etc. (of powder, oil, etc.) • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to sweep across to knock over • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to surpass; to be better than; to overtake
|
|
Line 4,550: Line 5,519:
|抉 • (gyeol) · 抉 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|抉 • (gyeol) · 抉 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|choose, select • gouge, pluck out
|choose, select • gouge, pluck out
|Hán-Nôm : khoét • Hán-Nôm : quyết • Hán-Nôm : quét • Hán-Nôm : quẹt • Hán-Nôm : quạt
|
|
|抉
|抉
|-
|-
|抨
|抨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːŋ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 平 (OC *ben, *beŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːŋ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 平 (OC *ben, *beŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Middle-Chinese : pheang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ
|to shoot with a catapult • to pat; to beat • to censure; to attack; to impeach • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand ‖ to make (someone do something); to let
|to shoot with a catapult • to pat; to beat • to censure; to attack; to impeach • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand ‖ to make (someone do something); to let
|
|
Line 4,560: Line 5,531:
|抨 (eum 평 (pyeong))
|抨 (eum 평 (pyeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : banh
|
|
|抨
|抨
|-
|-
|抿
|抿
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín
|to smooth; to brush • to purse; to pucker • to sip • (Hokkien) brush (tool) • (Hokkien) to brush
|to smooth; to brush • to purse; to pucker • to sip • (Hokkien) brush (tool) • (Hokkien) to brush
Line 4,570: Line 5,543:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mân
|
|
|抿
|抿
|-
|-
|担
|担
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,580: Line 5,555:
|担 • (dan) · 担 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan)
|担 • (dan) · 担 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đam • Hán-Nôm : đảm • Hán-Nôm : đẵn • Hán-Nôm : đắn • Hán-Nôm : đẵm • Hán-Nôm : tạ
|
|
|担
|担
|-
|-
|拈
|拈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ni
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ni • Middle-Chinese : nem
|pick up with fingers or draw lots
|pick up with fingers or draw lots
|
|
Line 4,590: Line 5,567:
|拈 • (nyeom>yeom) · 拈 • (nyeom>yeom) (hangeul 념>염, revised nyeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer nyŏm>yŏm, Yale nyem>yem)
|拈 • (nyeom>yeom) · 拈 • (nyeom>yeom) (hangeul 념>염, revised nyeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer nyŏm>yŏm, Yale nyem>yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chêm • Hán-Nôm : niêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : chớm • Hán-Nôm : niếm • Hán-Nôm : nắm
|
|
|拈
|拈
|-
|-
|拋
|拋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua
|Described as an Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 手 (“hand”) + 尤 + 力 (“power”) and/or \ a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːw, *pʰreːws) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 𡯄 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua • Middle-Chinese : phaew
|to throw away; to discard; to cast; to toss • to give up; to abandon; to reject • to sell in large quantities or at low prices • (literary, or in compounds) to reveal; to expose; to uncover
|to throw away; to discard; to cast; to toss • to give up; to abandon; to reject • to sell in large quantities or at low prices • (literary, or in compounds) to reveal; to expose; to uncover
|
|
Line 4,600: Line 5,579:
|拋 • (po) · 拋 • (po) (hangeul 포)
|拋 • (po) · 拋 • (po) (hangeul 포)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phao
|
|
|拋
|拋
|-
|-
|拎
|拎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng
|to lift; to carry in one's hand • (Cantonese) to take; to hold
|to lift; to carry in one's hand • (Cantonese) to take; to hold
|
|
Line 4,610: Line 5,591:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lanh • Hán-Nôm : linh • Hán-Nôm : nhạnh
|
|
|拎
|拎
|-
|-
|拚
|拚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 弁 (OC *brons). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn • Middle-Chinese : pjunH • Middle-Chinese : bjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : pjunH
|Original form of 拼 (pīn). ‖ to clap
|Original form of 拼 (pīn). ‖ to clap
|
|
Line 4,620: Line 5,603:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : phấn
|
|
|拚
|拚
|-
|-
|拮
|拮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Middle-Chinese : kjit • Middle-Chinese : ket
|Used in 拮据 (jiéjū).
|Used in 拮据 (jiéjū).
|
|
Line 4,630: Line 5,615:
|拮 • (gil, gyeol) · 拮 • (gil, gyeol) (hangeul 길, 결, revised gil, gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kil, kyŏl, Yale kil, kyel)
|拮 • (gil, gyeol) · 拮 • (gil, gyeol) (hangeul 길, 결, revised gil, gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kil, kyŏl, Yale kil, kyel)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cất • Hán-Nôm : cắt • Hán-Nôm : gặt • Hán-Nôm : gật • Hán-Nôm : kiết • Hán-Nôm : két • Hán-Nôm : kít
|
|
|拮
|拮
|-
|-
|挈
|挈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːd) : phonetic 㓞 () + semantic 手 (“hand”). ‖ Probably a variant of 提 (the̍h, “to take”). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat • Middle-Chinese : khet ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ
|to raise; to lift • to take along; to carry; to lead (one's family) ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to take; to retrieve; to fetch; to get; to bring; to carry ‖ (Eastern Min) to use, by means of, with ‖ unique
|to raise; to lift • to take along; to carry; to lead (one's family) ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to take; to retrieve; to fetch; to get; to bring; to carry ‖ (Eastern Min) to use, by means of, with ‖ unique
|
|
Line 4,640: Line 5,627:
|挈 • (seol, gye) · 挈 • (seol, gye) (hangeul 설, 계, revised seol, gye, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, kye, Yale sel, kyey)
|挈 • (seol, gye) · 挈 • (seol, gye) (hangeul 설, 계, revised seol, gye, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, kye, Yale sel, kyey)
|assist, help • lead by hand
|assist, help • lead by hand
|
|
|
|挈
|挈
|-
|-
|挟
|挟
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|pinch • between
|pinch • between
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|挟
|挟
|-
|挾
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍p • Middle-Chinese : hep ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh
|to clasp under the arm; to hold under the armpit • to coerce; to force obedience • to harbor (resentment, etc.) • to carry ‖ (Hokkien) to have something caught between two things; to sandwich something between two things
|
|put between • insert • jam • get caught • sandwich
|挾 • (hyeop) · 挾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)
|
|Hán-Nôm : xáp • Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : giáp • Hán-Nôm : rơi
|
|挾
|-
|-
|捩
|捩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerh
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerh
|(literary) to turn around • (literary) to reverse; to turn around (an undesirable situation); to remedy ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to pick up something with one's fingertips, especially with one's thumb and forefinger
|(literary) to turn around • (literary) to reverse; to turn around (an undesirable situation); to remedy ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to pick up something with one's fingertips, especially with one's thumb and forefinger
|
|
|
|
|捩 • (ryeol>yeol) · 捩 • (ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 렬>열, revised ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lyel>yel)
|捩 • (ryeol>yeol) · 捩 • (ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 렬>열, revised ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lyel>yel)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 4,664: Line 5,668:
|-
|-
|捫
|捫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːn) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Middle-Chinese : mwon
|
|
|
|
Line 4,670: Line 5,675:
|捫 (eum 문 (mun))
|捫 (eum 문 (mun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : môn
|
|
|捫
|捫
|-
|-
|据
|据
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : kjo
|Only used in 拮据 (jiéjū, “short of money; diligent”).
|Only used in 拮据 (jiéjū, “short of money; diligent”).
|
|
Line 4,680: Line 5,687:
|据 • (geo) · 据 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|据 • (geo) · 据 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cứ • Hán-Nôm : cư • Hán-Nôm : cớ
|
|
|据
|据
|-
|-
|捱
|捱
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ê
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ê
|to endure; to suffer; to put up with • to drag out; to delay; to stall • to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time)
|to endure; to suffer; to put up with • to drag out; to delay; to stall • to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time)
Line 4,690: Line 5,699:
|捱 • (ae) · 捱 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|捱 • (ae) · 捱 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhay
|
|
|捱
|捱
|-
|-
|捲
|捲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡron) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 卷 (OC *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ).
|to curl; to roll up • curly; rolled up • Alternative form of 卷 • (neologism, slang) Short for 內捲／内卷 (“intense competition among peers; to study harder or work longer as a result”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuán • Middle-Chinese : gjwen • Middle-Chinese : kjwenX • Middle-Chinese : kjwenH
|to roll; to roll up; to curl • roll; cylinder; tube; scroll • rolled up; curly • Classifier for rolled objects: rolls, reels ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • to sweep up; to carry along; to sweep away • to embroil; to involve • (neologism, slang) Short for 內捲／内卷 (“intense competition among peers; to study harder or work longer as a result”).
|
|
|curl • roll • wind • turn over (a playing card) • flip through
|curl • roll • wind • turn over (a playing card) • flip through
|捲 (eum 권 (gwon))
|捲 (eum 권 (gwon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cuốn • Hán-Nôm : quyền • Hán-Nôm : cuộn • Hán-Nôm : quấn • Hán-Nôm : quén • Hán-Nôm : quyển • Hán-Nôm : quyện
|
|
|捲
|捲
|-
|-
|掄
|掄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːn, *run) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nng • Middle-Chinese : lwin • Middle-Chinese : lwon
|(literary) to select • to swing; to brandish • (literary) to waste money
|(literary) to select • to swing; to brandish • (literary) to waste money
|
|
Line 4,710: Line 5,723:
|掄 • (ryun>yun) · 掄 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun)
|掄 • (ryun>yun) · 掄 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dọn • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : luồn
|
|
|掄
|掄
|-
|-
|掖
|掖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iā
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iā • Middle-Chinese : yek
|
|
|
|
Line 4,720: Line 5,735:
|掖 (eum 액 (aek))
|掖 (eum 액 (aek))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dịch
|
|
|掖
|掖
|-
|-
|掙
|掙
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 爭.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiānn
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiānn
|to struggle to get free • to struggle to support • to earn; to make • to hold open (with force)
|to struggle to get free • to struggle to support • to earn; to make • to hold open (with force)
Line 4,730: Line 5,747:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tránh • Hán-Nôm : giành
|
|
|掙
|掙
|-
|-
|掣
|掣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiat ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zai³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjeds, *kʰjed) : phonetic 制 (OC *kjeds) + semantic 手 (“hand”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiat • Middle-Chinese : tsyhejH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhet ‖  
|to pull; to tug; to drag • to hinder by pulling back; to draw • (literary) to flash past • (Southern Min) to shiver; to shake • (Southern Min) to be afraid; to be scared; to be frightened ‖ (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) electrical switch (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, computing) key (on a keyboard); button (on a video game controller) (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, graphical user interface) button (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, specifically) brake pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c)
|to pull; to tug; to drag • to hinder by pulling back; to draw • (literary) to flash past • (Southern Min) to shiver; to shake • (Southern Min) to be afraid; to be scared; to be frightened ‖ (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) electrical switch (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, computing) key (on a keyboard); button (on a video game controller) (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, graphical user interface) button (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, specifically) brake pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c)
|
|
Line 4,740: Line 5,759:
|掣 • (che, cheol) · 掣 • (che, cheol) (hangeul 체, 철)
|掣 • (che, cheol) · 掣 • (che, cheol) (hangeul 체, 철)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xiết • Hán-Nôm : xế • Hán-Nôm : xía • Hán-Nôm : siết
|
|
|掣
|掣
|-
|-
|掬
|掬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiuh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluɡ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiuh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok • Middle-Chinese : kjuwk
|(literary) to grasp or hold with both hands • (Mainland China Hokkien) to recoil; to tighten; to draw back • (Mainland China Hokkien) to slightly wrinkle; to crease a little • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to struggle; to attempt
|(literary) to grasp or hold with both hands • (Mainland China Hokkien) to recoil; to tighten; to draw back • (Mainland China Hokkien) to slightly wrinkle; to crease a little • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to struggle; to attempt
|
|
Line 4,750: Line 5,771:
|掬 • (guk) · 掬 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)
|掬 • (guk) · 掬 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cúc
|
|
|掬
|掬
|-
|-
|揀
|揀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 扌 (“hands”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ, “to choose”). Originally written 柬. \ Compare Thai กลั่น (glàn, “to distill; to extract”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Middle-Chinese : keanX • Middle-Chinese : lenH
|to choose; to pick • Alternative form of 撿／捡 (“to pick up”)
|to choose; to pick • Alternative form of 撿／捡 (“to pick up”)
|
|
Line 4,760: Line 5,783:
|揀 • (gan, yeon) · 揀 • (gan, yeon) (hangeul 간, 연, revised gan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer kan, yŏn, Yale kan, yen)
|揀 • (gan, yeon) · 揀 • (gan, yeon) (hangeul 간, 연, revised gan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer kan, yŏn, Yale kan, yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gióng • Hán-Nôm : giáng • Hán-Nôm : giản • Hán-Nôm : kiêm
|
|
|揀
|揀
|-
|-
|揆
|揆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁵ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue̍h
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : gjwijX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue̍h
|^⁜ guess; to conjecture; to surmise; to reckon • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Hong Kong, Taiwan, formal) prime minister • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Taiwan, formal) president of the Executive Yuan; premier of the Republic of China • (dated or formal) leader of the government ‖ Alternative form of 劌／刿 (“to rub against; classifier for a segment or section of something that is long”)
|^⁜ guess; to conjecture; to surmise; to reckon • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Hong Kong, Taiwan, formal) prime minister • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Taiwan, formal) president of the Executive Yuan; premier of the Republic of China • (dated or formal) leader of the government ‖ Alternative form of 劌／刿 (“to rub against; classifier for a segment or section of something that is long”)
|
|
Line 4,770: Line 5,795:
|揆 • (gyu) · 揆 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|揆 • (gyu) · 揆 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quẫy
|
|
|揆
|揆
|-
|-
|揖
|揖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ip ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ip • Middle-Chinese : 'jip ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹
|to salute with one hand clasping the other in front of one's chest • to politely decline; to modestly decline ‖ Alternative form of 輯／辑 (jí, “to gather”)
|to salute with one hand clasping the other in front of one's chest • to politely decline; to modestly decline ‖ Alternative form of 輯／辑 (jí, “to gather”)
|
|
Line 4,780: Line 5,807:
|揖 • (eup, jeup) · 揖 • (eup, jeup) (hangeul 읍, 즙)
|揖 • (eup, jeup) · 揖 • (eup, jeup) (hangeul 읍, 즙)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ập
|
|
|揖
|揖
|-
|-
|搗
|搗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : táu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːwʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 島 (OC *tuːwʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : táu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Middle-Chinese : tawX
|to pound with a pestle; to smash • to beat with a stick; to smash • to make trouble; to disturb; to mess up • to attack (an enemy); to mount an offensive
|to pound with a pestle; to smash • to beat with a stick; to smash • to make trouble; to disturb; to mess up • to attack (an enemy); to mount an offensive
|
|
Line 4,790: Line 5,819:
|搗 (eum 도 (do))
|搗 (eum 도 (do))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đẽo • Hán-Nôm : đảo • Hán-Nôm : đểu
|
|
|搗
|搗
|-
|-
|搪
|搪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Middle-Chinese : dang
|
|
|
|
Line 4,800: Line 5,831:
|搪 • (dang) · 搪 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|搪 • (dang) · 搪 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đường
|
|
|搪
|搪
|-
|-
|搶
|搶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn • Middle-Chinese : tshjang • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX • Middle-Chinese : tshjangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjang • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX • Middle-Chinese : tshjangX
|to snatch away • to fight over; to scramble for; to compete for • to rush • to scrape ‖ (literary) to knock; to hit; to strike • to go in the opposite direction
|to snatch away • to fight over; to scramble for; to compete for • to rush • to scrape ‖ (literary) to knock; to hit; to strike • to go in the opposite direction
|
|
Line 4,810: Line 5,843:
|搶 • (chang) · 搶 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|搶 • (chang) · 搶 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sang • Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : thưởng
|
|
|搶
|搶
|-
|-
|搽
|搽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâ
|From 塗 (OC *rlaː, “to daub”) (Liu, 1984).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâ
|to apply; to anoint
|to apply; to anoint
|
|
Line 4,820: Line 5,855:
|搽 • (cha) · 搽 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|搽 • (cha) · 搽 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chà • Hán-Nôm : trà
|
|
|搽
|搽
|-
|-
|摑
|摑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄞ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka̍k
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄞ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kweak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka̍k
|to slap the face ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to cast (something to hit someone) • (Hokkien) to throw away; to toss
|to slap the face ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to cast (something to hit someone) • (Hokkien) to throw away; to toss
|
|
|box one's ears • slap • catch, seize • grasp, hold • arrest, capture
|box one's ears • slap • catch, seize • grasp, hold • arrest, capture
|摑 (eumhun 칠 괵 (chil goek))
|摑 (eumhun 칠 괵 (chil goek))
|Hanja form of 괵 (“hit”).
|hanja form of 괵 (“hit”)
|Hán-Nôm : quắc • Hán-Nôm : quặc
|
|
|摑
|摑
|-
|-
|摒
|摒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìng ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : beng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìng • Middle-Chinese : pjiengH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : beng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn
|to expel; to cast off ‖ (Cantonese, Hokkien) to clean up; to tidy up • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) to hide • (Hokkien) to dump; to empty
|to expel; to cast off ‖ (Cantonese, Hokkien) to clean up; to tidy up • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) to hide • (Hokkien) to dump; to empty
|
|
Line 4,840: Line 5,879:
|摒 (eumhun 제거할 병 (jegeohal byeong))
|摒 (eumhun 제거할 병 (jegeohal byeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bính
|
|
|摒
|摒
|-
|-
|摟
|摟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Middle-Chinese : lju • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lju • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³
|to hug; to embrace • armspan ‖ to gather up • (colloquial) to pull up; to tuck up • to extort; to rake in • (regional) to calculate with an abacus • (regional) to calculate with an abacus · (regional, figurative) to verify through calculation; to examine and calculate; to assess • (dialectal) to pull; to draw • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to drape; to cover • (Cantonese, of insects) to crawl or hover over ‖ to pull in; to rope in; to gather ‖ (Cantonese, transitive) to instigate; to invite; to tempt • (Cantonese, transitive) to provoke
|to hug; to embrace • armspan ‖ to gather up • (colloquial) to pull up; to tuck up • to extort; to rake in • (regional) to calculate with an abacus • (regional) to calculate with an abacus · (regional, figurative) to verify through calculation; to examine and calculate; to assess • (dialectal) to pull; to draw • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to drape; to cover • (Cantonese, of insects) to crawl or hover over ‖ to pull in; to rope in; to gather ‖ (Cantonese, transitive) to instigate; to invite; to tempt • (Cantonese, transitive) to provoke
|
|
Line 4,850: Line 5,891:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lùa • Hán-Nôm : lâu
|
|
|摟
|摟
|-
|-
|摺
|摺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsih ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚ
| ‖  ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 摺 – see 褶 (“pleat; crease; fold; wrinkle; lined clothing; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 褶).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsih • Middle-Chinese : tsyep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚ • Middle-Chinese : lop
|to destroy • to fold • booklet • foldable • side • (Cantonese) to close down; to fold • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stay at a place • (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) unsocialized; uninteracting towards others • (Mainland China Hokkien) Classifier for folds of thin sheets. ‖ Used in personal names. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (“to break; to snap”)
|to destroy • to fold • booklet • foldable • side • (Cantonese) to close down; to fold • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stay at a place • (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) unsocialized; uninteracting towards others • (Mainland China Hokkien) Classifier for folds of thin sheets. ‖ Used in personal names. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (“to break; to snap”)
|
|
Line 4,860: Line 5,903:
|摺 • (jeop) · 摺 • (jeop) (hangeul 접, revised jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŏp, Yale cep)
|摺 • (jeop) · 摺 • (jeop) (hangeul 접, revised jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŏp, Yale cep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dập
|
|
|摺
|摺
|-
|-
|撈
|撈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lou¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : laau¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːw, *reːw) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖  ‖  ‖ Clipping of 撈鬆／捞松 (laau¹ sung¹). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : law ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : laau¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo
|to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for • (dialectal) to grab; to take up • (figurative) to gain by improper means • (Eastern Min) to blanch; to scald; to cook briefly in boiling water • (Northern Min) to look for; to seek ‖ Used in 撈什子／捞什子, alternative form of 勞什子／劳什子 (láoshízi) ‖ (Cantonese) to mix; to stir • (Cantonese) to earn a living • (Cantonese) to want • (Cantonese) to tease ‖ (Cantonese, derogatory) non-Cantonese Chinese; northern Chinese; Mandarin-speaking Chinese ‖ (Hokkien) to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for
|to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for • (dialectal) to grab; to take up • (figurative) to gain by improper means • (Eastern Min) to blanch; to scald; to cook briefly in boiling water • (Northern Min) to look for; to seek ‖ Used in 撈什子／捞什子, alternative form of 勞什子／劳什子 (láoshízi) ‖ (Cantonese) to mix; to stir • (Cantonese) to earn a living • (Cantonese) to want • (Cantonese) to tease ‖ (Cantonese, derogatory) non-Cantonese Chinese; northern Chinese; Mandarin-speaking Chinese ‖ (Hokkien) to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for
|
|
Line 4,870: Line 5,915:
|撈 • (ro>no) · 撈 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|撈 • (ro>no) · 撈 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lau • Hán-Nôm : lao • Hán-Nôm : lạo • Hán-Nôm : trau
|
|
|撈
|撈
|-
|-
|撐
|撐
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 牚 (OC *rtʰaːŋs) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 牚 (OC *rtʰaːŋs)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶
|to prop up; to support • to push off (with a pole) • to sustain; to maintain • to open; to unfurl • to fill to the point of bursting • (Cantonese, figuratively) to support ‖ (Cantonese) to fill (a space); to expand
|to prop up; to support • to push off (with a pole) • to sustain; to maintain • to open; to unfurl • to fill to the point of bursting • (Cantonese, figuratively) to support ‖ (Cantonese) to fill (a space); to expand
Line 4,880: Line 5,927:
|撐 (eum 탱 (taeng))
|撐 (eum 탱 (taeng))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sênh • Hán-Nôm : sanh • Hán-Nôm : xênh • Hán-Nôm : xinh • Hán-Nôm : xanh
|
|
|撐
|撐
|-
|-
|撓
|撓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu • Middle-Chinese : xaw • Middle-Chinese : nraewX
|to disturb; to bother; to upset • to stir; to mix • to scratch • Alternative form of 鬧／闹 (nào, “noisy”) • to bend; to yield; to flinch • (Nanning Pinghua) paw; claw
|to disturb; to bother; to upset • to stir; to mix • to scratch • Alternative form of 鬧／闹 (nào, “noisy”) • to bend; to yield; to flinch • (Nanning Pinghua) paw; claw
|
|
Line 4,890: Line 5,939:
|撓 • (yo) · 撓 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|撓 • (yo) · 撓 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhéo • Hán-Nôm : nạo • Hán-Nôm : não • Hán-Nôm : nàu • Hán-Nôm : ngoéo • Hán-Nôm : nhàu • Hán-Nôm : ngàu • Hán-Nôm : nao • Hán-Nôm : nảo • Hán-Nôm : nảu • Hán-Nôm : nãu • Hán-Nôm : nạu • Hán-Nôm : nhao • Hán-Nôm : nháo • Hán-Nôm : nháu • Hán-Nôm : nhảu • Hán-Nôm : nhảo
|
|
|撓
|撓
|-
|-
|撚
|撚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lan²
| ‖ See 𡳞.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Middle-Chinese : nenX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lan²
|to pinch; to pick up (with one's fingers) • to take; to hold • to rub (with one's fingers) • to fiddle; to fidget • to play tricks; to toy with; to tease • to trample; to tread • Alternative form of 攆／撵 (niǎn, “to expel; to drive out”) • (music) to press on or lightly pinch in the strings of the pipa to produce a wave-like effect • (Southern Min) to swindle; to defraud ‖ penis (Classifier: 條／条 c; 轆／辘 c) • fucking; freaking; the hell; the fuck • (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er (usually for males) • Negates the meaning of the sentence: fuck all, my ass, like fuck, no fucking way
|to pinch; to pick up (with one's fingers) • to take; to hold • to rub (with one's fingers) • to fiddle; to fidget • to play tricks; to toy with; to tease • to trample; to tread • Alternative form of 攆／撵 (niǎn, “to expel; to drive out”) • (music) to press on or lightly pinch in the strings of the pipa to produce a wave-like effect • (Southern Min) to swindle; to defraud ‖ penis (Classifier: 條／条 c; 轆／辘 c) • fucking; freaking; the hell; the fuck • (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er (usually for males) • Negates the meaning of the sentence: fuck all, my ass, like fuck, no fucking way
|
|
|to twist
|to twist
|撚 (eumhun 비틀 년 (biteul nyeon), South Korea 비틀 연 (biteul yeon))
|撚 (eumhun 비틀 년 (biteul nyeon), word-initial (South Korea) 비틀 연 (biteul yeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : niệm
|
|
|撚
|撚
|-
|-
|撥
|撥
|Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːd) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 發 (OC *pad). ‖ Likely a glottalized variant of 把 (MC paeX, “to hold; to give (dialectal)”) (Dai, 2004).
|"(transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to dispel; to scatter • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to distribute; to allocate (resources, staff, etc); to set aside (money) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to dial (a phone number) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to push aside or forward with the foot, hand, stick, etc. • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to stir; to pluck • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · (figurative) to incite; to excite • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to play a plucked string instrument • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to wave a fan • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · to poke (a fire) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to take out (time, etc.) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a ""waving"", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to divert; to reallocate; to misappropriate (money, funds, etc.) • (intransitive) to wave; to sweep; to whirl • (intransitive) to ferment (of wine); to brew • (transitive) to delete; to cut • (transitive) to reject; to abandon • (transitive) to govern; to rule; to pacify • plectrum • Classifier for people or things: group; batch ‖ to give • to allow • to; for; by"
|Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat • Middle-Chinese : pat ‖  
|(transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to dispel; to scatter • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to distribute; to allocate (resources, staff, etc); to set aside (money) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to dial (a phone number) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to push aside or forward with the foot, hand, stick, etc. • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to stir; to pluck • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (figurative) to incite; to excite • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to play a plucked string instrument • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to wave a fan • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to poke (a fire) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to take out (time, etc.) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to divert; to reallocate; to misappropriate (money, funds, etc.) • (intransitive) to wave; to sweep; to whirl • (intransitive) to ferment (of wine); to brew • (transitive) to delete; to cut • (transitive) to reject; to abandon • (transitive) to govern; to rule; to pacify • plectrum • Classifier for people or things: group; batch ‖ to give • to allow • to; for; by
| ‖ 撥(ばち) or 撥(バチ) • (bachi)
| ‖ 撥(ばち) or 撥(バチ) • (bachi)
| ‖ plectrum for instruments such as the biwa and shamisen
| ‖ plectrum for instruments such as the biwa and shamisen
|撥 (eumhun 다스릴 발 (daseuril bal)) · 撥 (eumhun 방패 벌 (bangpae beol))
|撥 (eumhun 다스릴 발 (daseuril bal)) · 撥 (eumhun 방패 벌 (bangpae beol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phết • Hán-Nôm : bát • Hán-Nôm : phiết
|
|
|撥
|撥
|-
|-
|撫
|撫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m̥ʰaʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 無 (OC *ma).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : phjuX
|to stroke; to caress • (alt. form 拊) to pat; to strike; to clap • to play; to pluck (an instrument) • to console; to comfort • to hold; to possess; to control • to nurture; to take care of • (Suzhounese, by extension) to wash
|to stroke; to caress • (alt. form 拊) to pat; to strike; to clap • to play; to pluck (an instrument) • to console; to comfort • to hold; to possess; to control • to nurture; to take care of • (Suzhounese, by extension) to wash
|
|
Line 4,920: Line 5,975:
|撫 • (mu) · 撫 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|撫 • (mu) · 撫 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vỗ • Hán-Nôm : dỗ • Hán-Nôm : phủ • Hán-Nôm : vồ
|
|
|撫
|撫
|-
|-
|撻
|撻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³
| ‖ table \ Borrowed from English tart. ‖ table \ Borrowed from English start. ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that • Middle-Chinese : that ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³
|to flog • to chastise • brave • (archery) leather grip at the nocking point in a bow string • Alternative form of 鰨／鳎 (tǎ) ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) tart (pastry) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) vulva ‖ (Cantonese) to start (an engine, a vehicle, etc.); to ignite ‖ (Cantonese, slang) to steal ‖ (Cantonese, intransitive) to fall down • (Cantonese, transitive) to slam; to thud • (Cantonese, transitive) to pressure (someone) with one's authority or influence • (Cantonese, transitive) to show off (something) ‖ (Cantonese) to droop • (Cantonese) to lie limply
|to flog • to chastise • brave • (archery) leather grip at the nocking point in a bow string • Alternative form of 鰨／鳎 (tǎ) ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) tart (pastry) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) vulva ‖ (Cantonese) to start (an engine, a vehicle, etc.); to ignite ‖ (Cantonese, slang) to steal ‖ (Cantonese, intransitive) to fall down • (Cantonese, transitive) to slam; to thud • (Cantonese, transitive) to pressure (someone) with one's authority or influence • (Cantonese, transitive) to show off (something) ‖ (Cantonese) to droop • (Cantonese) to lie limply
|
|
Line 4,930: Line 5,987:
|撻 • (dal) · 撻 • (dal) (hangeul 달)
|撻 • (dal) · 撻 • (dal) (hangeul 달)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dặt • Hán-Nôm : đặt • Hán-Nôm : thát
|
|
|撻
|撻
|-
|-
|撿
|撿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : ljemX
|^† (alt. form 檢／检) to restrain; to constrain • ^† (alt. form 檢／检) to investigate • to pick up; to collect • to put in order • (dialectal Hakka) to take; to get ‖  
|^† (alt. form 檢／检) to restrain; to constrain • ^† (alt. form 檢／检) to investigate • to pick up; to collect • to put in order • (dialectal Hakka) to take; to get ‖  
|
|
Line 4,940: Line 5,999:
|撿 • (geom) · 撿 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem)
|撿 • (geom) · 撿 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiểm
|
|
|撿
|撿
|-
|-
|擄
|擄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo
|From 虜 (OC *raːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX
|to capture; to seize • to plunder; to rob
|to capture; to seize • to plunder; to rob
|
|
Line 4,950: Line 6,011:
|擄 • (ro>no) · 擄 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|擄 • (ro>no) · 擄 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lỗ
|
|
|擄
|擄
|-
|-
|擋
|擋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). \ From 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to have the value of; to be equal of; to face; vis-à-vis; to match”) and originally written as 當 (Wang, 1982).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Middle-Chinese : tangH
|to block; to obstruct • to hide from view; to cover; to obscure • (automotive) gear • (Northern Wu) to handle; to keep in place; to hold fast; to hold and shield with hand
|to block; to obstruct • to hide from view; to cover; to obscure • (automotive) gear • (Northern Wu) to handle; to keep in place; to hold fast; to hold and shield with hand
|
|
Line 4,960: Line 6,023:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đương • Hán-Nôm : đáng
|
|
|擋
|擋
|-
|-
|擘
|擘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piak
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *preːɡ) : phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ) + semantic 手 (“hand”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piak • Middle-Chinese : peak
|(literary) thumb • (literary, figurative) outstanding person • (literary or dialectal) to split; to break; to tear (with one's fingers) • (literary or dialectal) to open; to spread
|(literary) thumb • (literary, figurative) outstanding person • (literary or dialectal) to split; to break; to tear (with one's fingers) • (literary or dialectal) to open; to spread
|
|
Line 4,970: Line 6,035:
|擘 • (byeok) · 擘 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek)
|擘 • (byeok) · 擘 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bài • Hán-Nôm : phách
|
|
|擘
|擘
|-
|-
|擠
|擠
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jik ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls). ‖  ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé • Middle-Chinese : tsej • Middle-Chinese : tsejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jik ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh
|to crowd together tightly; to squeeze • to squeeze one's way in; to cram in • to squeeze out; to wring; to use pressure to extract • (Cantonese) to place; to put ‖ (Hokkien) to squeeze out • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to injure the bones, muscles, or joints of one's arms or legs due to violent and sudden contact with a hard object ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𤲍 (xiá)
|to crowd together tightly; to squeeze • to squeeze one's way in; to cram in • to squeeze out; to wring; to use pressure to extract • (Cantonese) to place; to put ‖ (Hokkien) to squeeze out • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to injure the bones, muscles, or joints of one's arms or legs due to violent and sudden contact with a hard object ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𤲍 (xiá)
|
|
Line 4,980: Line 6,047:
|擠 (eum 제 (je))
|擠 (eum 제 (je))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tể • Hán-Nôm : tễ
|
|
|擠
|擠
|-
|-
|擰
|擰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ
|to twist; to wring • to pinch; to tweak ‖ to twist; to screw • (colloquial) wrong; mistaken • (colloquial, of two people) to disagree; to be at odds ‖ (colloquial) stubborn; obstinate; unbending; headstrong ‖ (Cantonese) to turn around
|to twist; to wring • to pinch; to tweak ‖ to twist; to screw • (colloquial) wrong; mistaken • (colloquial, of two people) to disagree; to be at odds ‖ (colloquial) stubborn; obstinate; unbending; headstrong ‖ (Cantonese) to turn around
|
|
Line 4,990: Line 6,059:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ninh
|
|
|擰
|擰
|-
|-
|擱
|擱
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koh
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koh
|to place; to put; to lay down • to add • to hold; to contain • to delay • to bear; to stand; to endure
|to place; to put; to lay down • to add • to hold; to contain • to delay • to bear; to stand; to endure
Line 5,000: Line 6,071:
|擱 (eum 각 (gak))
|擱 (eum 각 (gak))
|place, put, lay down • delay
|place, put, lay down • delay
|Hán-Nôm : gác • Hán-Nôm : các
|
|
|擱
|擱
|-
|-
|擲
|擲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn ‖  ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deɡ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 鄭 (OC *deŋs). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : drjek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn ‖  ‖  
|to throw; to hurl; to cast; to fling ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Teochew) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Hakka) to throw; to hurl (especially something heavy)
|to throw; to hurl; to cast; to fling ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Teochew) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Hakka) to throw; to hurl (especially something heavy)
| ‖ 擲(たたき) • (Tataki)
| ‖ 擲(たたき) • (Tataki)
Line 5,010: Line 6,083:
|擲 • (cheok) · 擲 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|擲 • (cheok) · 擲 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trịch • Hán-Nôm : trạnh • Hán-Nôm : chệch • Hán-Nôm : sịch • Hán-Nôm : trệch • Hán-Nôm : xệch
|
|
|擲
|擲
|-
|-
|擺
|擺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mái
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *preːlʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 罷 (OC *breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ). ‖ Zhao (1990) and Li (2005) consider this to be a Kra-Dai substrate word; compare Zhuang baez, Bouyei baiz, Lingao fɔi³.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái • Middle-Chinese : peaX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mái
|to get rid of; to break free from; to push aside • to separate; to divide • to put; to place; to arrange • to put on; to assume (air); to display • (regional) to talk; to speak; to lay bare; to state clearly • to sway; to wave; to swing • pendulum • (neologism, slang) Short for 擺爛／摆烂 (bǎilàn, “to strive instead for shoddiness”). • (dialectal) malaria • (archaic) to scheme; to set up • (archaic) to wrap • Alternative form of 捭 (“to hit; to beat”) • a surname ‖ (Southern Min, Hakka, Malaysian Cantonese) Classifier for occurrences: time
|to get rid of; to break free from; to push aside • to separate; to divide • to put; to place; to arrange • to put on; to assume (air); to display • (regional) to talk; to speak; to lay bare; to state clearly • to sway; to wave; to swing • pendulum • (neologism, slang) Short for 擺爛／摆烂 (bǎilàn, “to strive instead for shoddiness”). • (dialectal) malaria • (archaic) to scheme; to set up • (archaic) to wrap • Alternative form of 捭 (“to hit; to beat”) • a surname ‖ (Southern Min, Hakka, Malaysian Cantonese) Classifier for occurrences: time
|
|
Line 5,020: Line 6,095:
|擺 (eum 파 (pa))
|擺 (eum 파 (pa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bẫy • Hán-Nôm : bài • Hán-Nôm : bãi • Hán-Nôm : bay • Hán-Nôm : bãy • Hán-Nôm : bai • Hán-Nôm : báy
|
|
|擺
|擺
|-
|-
|擻
|擻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau²
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : suwX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sú • Hán-Nôm : tẩu • Hán-Nôm : xỏ • Hán-Nôm : xổ • Hán-Nôm : số
|
|
|擻
|擻
|-
|-
|擾
|擾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎ
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎ • Middle-Chinese : nyewX
|to disturb; to trouble • (literary) confused; disordered • (polite) to receive money, goods or food; to enjoy hospitality
|to disturb; to trouble • (literary) confused; disordered • (polite) to receive money, goods or food; to enjoy hospitality
|
|
Line 5,040: Line 6,119:
|擾 • (yo) · 擾 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|擾 • (yo) · 擾 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhiễu • Hán-Nôm : nhầu
|
|
|擾
|擾
|-
|-
|攆
|攆
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn
|to expel; to oust • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) to chase after; to run after • (Teochew) to push with the hands • (Kinmen Hokkien) to cut
|to expel; to oust • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) to chase after; to run after • (Teochew) to push with the hands • (Kinmenese Hokkien) to cut
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liễn
|
|
|攆
|攆
|-
|-
|攏
|攏
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láng • Middle-Chinese : luwngX
|to gather together; to collect • (literary, or in compounds) to approach; to draw near to • to total; to add up; to amount to • to comb; to brush (hair, mane, etc.) • (archaic) to pick; to pluck (strings on an instrument) • (Southern Min, Zhao'an Hakka) all; both • (Sichuanese) to arrive • a surname: Long
|to gather together; to collect • (literary, or in compounds) to approach; to draw near to • to total; to add up; to amount to • to comb; to brush (hair, mane, etc.) • (archaic) to pick; to pluck (strings on an instrument) • (Southern Min, Zhao'an Hakka) all; both • (Sichuanese) to arrive • a surname: Long
|
|
Line 5,060: Line 6,143:
|攏 • (rong>nong) · 攏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|攏 • (rong>nong) · 攏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|press down • stroke • bind • harmonize with • berth, tie up • comb • soothe
|press down • stroke • bind • harmonize with • berth, tie up • comb • soothe
|Hán-Nôm : long
|
|
|攏
|攏
|-
|-
|攔
|攔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ânn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn) : 手 (“hands”) + 闌.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ânn • Middle-Chinese : lan
|to obstruct; to impede; to bar; to hinder • to face
|to obstruct; to impede; to bar; to hinder • to face
|
|
Line 5,070: Line 6,155:
|攔 • (ran>nan) · 攔 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|攔 • (ran>nan) · 攔 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dan • Hán-Nôm : dang • Hán-Nôm : dàn • Hán-Nôm : lan • Hán-Nôm : đan
|
|
|攔
|攔
|-
|-
|攘
|攘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˋ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng • Middle-Chinese : nyang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng • Middle-Chinese : nyangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˋ • Middle-Chinese : nyangH
|to repel; to expel • to steal; to snatch • to invade; to seize by force • (alt. form 纕／𬙋) to pull up the sleeves • (alt. form 禳) to pray or offer sacrifices to avert disaster ‖ to throw into disorder; to disturb ‖ Original form of 讓／让 (ràng, “to yield; to give in”).
|to repel; to expel • to steal; to snatch • to invade; to seize by force • (alt. form 纕／𬙋) to pull up the sleeves • (alt. form 禳) to pray or offer sacrifices to avert disaster ‖ to throw into disorder; to disturb ‖ Original form of 讓／让 (ràng, “to yield; to give in”).
|
|
Line 5,080: Line 6,167:
|攘 (eum 양 (yang))
|攘 (eum 양 (yang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhương
|to capture, obtain • to give chase, to expel • to eliminate
|to capture, obtain • to give chase, to expel • to eliminate
|攘
|攘
|-
|-
|攙
|攙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsham
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm, *sʰraːm) : semantic 手 + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsham • Middle-Chinese : dzream • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaem
|to stab; to insert • sharp • to mix; to blend; to adulterate • to support by the arm • to take by force; to seize
|to stab; to insert • sharp • to mix; to blend; to adulterate • to support by the arm • to take by force; to seize
|
|
Line 5,090: Line 6,179:
|攙 (eum 참 (cham))
|攙 (eum 참 (cham))
|to give a helping hand • to support, hold up
|to give a helping hand • to support, hold up
|Hán-Nôm : sọm
|
|
|攙
|攙
|-
|-
|攜
|攜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeː) : phonetic 巂 () + semantic 扌 (“hand”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Middle-Chinese : hwej
|to carry; to bear • to take along; to take somebody by the hand • to lead by hand • to co-operate; hand in hand • King Xie of the Zhou dynasty
|to carry; to bear • to take along; to take somebody by the hand • to lead by hand • to co-operate; hand in hand • King Xie of the Zhou dynasty
|
|
Line 5,100: Line 6,191:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : huề
|
|
|攜
|攜
|-
|-
|攣
|攣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luān ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luān • Middle-Chinese : ljwen ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun¹
|to spasm and become curled, unable to be stretched ‖ (Cantonese) curved; curly; twisted • (Cantonese) to curve; to bend • (Cantonese, slang) homosexual; not straight
|to spasm and become curled, unable to be stretched ‖ (Cantonese) curved; curly; twisted • (Cantonese) to curve; to bend • (Cantonese, slang) homosexual; not straight
|
|
Line 5,110: Line 6,203:
|攣 • (ryeon>yeon) · 攣 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|攣 • (ryeon>yeon) · 攣 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loang • Hán-Nôm : luyên
|
|
|攣
|攣
|-
|-
|攤
|攤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns).
|to spread something out; to lay out • stand, stall or table where goods are exhibited and sold • to distribute; to share (responsibility) • to cook by flattening and frying a batter or paste • to befall; to encounter (something undesirable) • (Cantonese) to lie down • (Southern Min) Classifier for work, business, meals. ‖ to press
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Middle-Chinese : than ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : nanX • Middle-Chinese : nanH
|to spread something out; to lay out • stand, stall or table where goods are exhibited and sold • to distribute; to share (responsibility) • to cook by flattening and frying a batter or paste • to befall; to encounter (something undesirable) • (Cantonese) to lie down • (Cantonese) to let something cool down • (Southern Min) Classifier for work, business, meals. ‖ to press
|
|
|open • broaden • apportion
|open • broaden • apportion
|攤 • (tan) · 攤 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)
|攤 • (tan) · 攤 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)
|spread out, open • apportion
|spread out, open • apportion
|Hán-Nôm : nặn • Hán-Nôm : nắn • Hán-Nôm : than • Hán-Nôm : thán
|
|
|攤
|攤
|-
|-
|攪
|攪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiauh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk (“rouse; awaken; disturb”). Cognate with 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ, “to learn; to study”), 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ, “to awaken”), Tibetan དཀྲོག (dkrog, “to agitate; to rouse”), Tibetan འཁྲུག་པ ('khrug pa, “to be disturbed; to quarrel”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiauh • Middle-Chinese : kaewX
|to disturb; to annoy • to mix; to stir
|to disturb; to annoy • to mix; to stir
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 5,130: Line 6,227:
|攪 • (gyo) · 攪 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|攪 • (gyo) · 攪 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giao
|
|
|攪
|攪
|-
|-
|攫
|攫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷaɡ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 矍 (OC *kʷaɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwak
|(of animals) to grab using claws • to grab; to snatch; to seize
|(of animals) to grab using claws • to grab; to snatch; to seize
|
|
Line 5,140: Line 6,239:
|攫 (eum 확 (hwak))
|攫 (eum 확 (hwak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quắc
|
|
|攫
|攫
|-
|-
|攬
|攬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁵⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) – to grasp with the hand.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lamX
|to grasp, to take hold of • to monopolize; to control • to pick; to gather • to take on; to adopt • (Cantonese, Gan, Min) to hug; to embrace in the arms • (Cantonese) fitting (tube connector)
|to grasp, to take hold of • to monopolize; to control • to pick; to gather • to take on; to adopt • (Cantonese, Gan, Min) to hug; to embrace in the arms • (Cantonese) fitting (tube connector)
|
|
Line 5,150: Line 6,251:
|攬 • (ram>nam) · 攬 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|攬 • (ram>nam) · 攬 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lãm
|
|
|攬
|攬
|-
|-
|敎
|敍
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Alternative form of 教
|敎 (eumhun 가르칠 교 (gareuchil gyo))
|Hanja form of 교 (“teaching”). [affix] • Hanja form of 교 (“religion; faith”). [noun]
|
|
|敎
|
|敍 • (seo) · 敍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|
|Hán-Nôm : tự
|
|敍
|-
|-
|敖
|敖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo
|Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person with a headress. 攴 was later added to emphasize action, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”) ‖ Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person with a headress. 攴 was later added to emphasize action, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngaw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo
|(literary) Original form of 遨 (áo, “to ramble; to play about”). • to tease; to joke; to flirt with • to make an uproar • someone who has not assumed the throne, and thus has no posthumous name, due to dying early • four-chi-high dog • Original form of 廒 (áo, “granary”). • Alternative form of 螯 (áo, “pincer; nipper; claw”) • Alternative form of 熬 (“to cook on slow fire; to boil”) • (historical) An ancient place in the northwest of today Xingyang, Henan. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 傲 (“haughty; arrogant; conceited”)
|(literary) Original form of 遨 (áo, “to ramble; to play about”). • to tease; to joke; to flirt with • to make an uproar • someone who has not assumed the throne, and thus has no posthumous name, due to dying early • four-chi-high dog • Original form of 廒 (áo, “granary”). • Alternative form of 螯 (áo, “pincer; nipper; claw”) • Alternative form of 熬 (“to cook on slow fire; to boil”) • (historical) An ancient place in the northwest of today Xingyang, Henan. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 傲 (“haughty; arrogant; conceited”)
|
|
Line 5,170: Line 6,275:
|敖 (eum 오 (o))
|敖 (eum 오 (o))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngào
|
|
|敖
|敖
|-
|敘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī
|to talk; to chat • to narrate; to recount; to relate • to assess; to appraise • Short for 敘利亞／叙利亚 (Xùlìyà, “Syria”). • (literary) Alternative form of 序 (xù, “order; sequence”) • (literary) Alternative form of 序 (xù, “to order; to arrange in order”) • (literary) Alternative form of 序 (xù, “preface”)
|
|Alternative form of 敍.
|敘 • (seo) · 敘 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|
|
|敘
|-
|-
|敝
|敝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 㡀 () + semantic 攴.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè • Middle-Chinese : bjiejH
|(polite) my; our • (literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered • (literary) decayed; corrupted • tired; fatigued • to fail; to be defeated • to break; to destroy • Alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”) • Alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”)
|(polite) my; our • (literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered • (literary) decayed; corrupted • tired; fatigued • to fail; to be defeated • to break; to destroy • Alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”) • Alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”)
|
|
Line 5,190: Line 6,287:
|敝 (eum 폐 (pye))
|敝 (eum 폐 (pye))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tệ
|
|
|敝
|敝
|-
|-
|数
|数
|Unorthodox variant of 數, attested since Ming dynasty. Simplified from 數 (婁 → 娄).
|
|
|
|
Line 5,199: Line 6,298:
| ‖ number; amount ‖ (mathematics) number ‖ several
| ‖ number; amount ‖ (mathematics) number ‖ several
|数 (eumhun 셀 수 (sel su))
|数 (eumhun 셀 수 (sel su))
|Alternative form of 數 (“Hanja form of 수 (“number”).”)
|Alternative form of 數 (“hanja form of 수 (“number”)”)
|canonical : 数: Hán Việt readings: số 数: Nôm readings: số • canonical : sổ • canonical : sộ • canonical : sỗ • canonical : xọ
|Alternative form of 數
|Alternative form of 數
|数
|数
|-
|-
|斂
|斂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams) : phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam) + semantic 攴.
|"to draw back; to fold back • to collect • 35th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; ""gathering"" (𝌨)"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : ljemX • Middle-Chinese : ljemH
|to draw back; to fold back • to collect • 35th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "gathering" (𝌨)
|
|
|tighten, stiffen
|tighten, stiffen
|斂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 斂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|斂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 斂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiếm • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : liệm
|
|
|斂
|斂
|-
|-
|斃
|斃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 死 (“death”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè • Middle-Chinese : bjiejH
|to fall down; to collapse • to drop dead; to die; to perish; to be killed • (colloquial) to kill with a gun (especially for execution) • to be defeated • (colloquial) to cancel (a show, etc.); to reject
|to fall down; to collapse • to drop dead; to die; to perish; to be killed • (colloquial) to kill with a gun (especially for execution) • to be defeated • (colloquial) to cancel (a show, etc.); to reject
|
|
Line 5,220: Line 6,323:
|斃 • (pye) · 斃 • (pye) (hangeul 폐, revised pye, McCune–Reischauer p'ye, Yale phyey)
|斃 • (pye) · 斃 • (pye) (hangeul 폐, revised pye, McCune–Reischauer p'ye, Yale phyey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tệ • Hán-Nôm : tễ
|
|
|斃
|斃
|-
|-
|斐
|斐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² • Middle-Chinese : phj+jX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ
|(literary) brilliant; magnificent • Used in transcription. ‖ a surname
|(literary) brilliant; magnificent • Used in transcription. ‖ a surname
|
|
Line 5,230: Line 6,335:
|斐 • (bi) · 斐 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|斐 • (bi) · 斐 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phỉ
|
|
|斐
|斐
|-
|-
|斡
|斡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷaːd) : phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 斗.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : 'wat
|to revolve; to spin; to rotate • a surname: Wo • (Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to change direction; to turn • (Hokkien) Classifier for bends, curves or turns. • (Hokkien) curved; crooked; bent • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for
|to revolve; to spin; to rotate • a surname: Wo • (Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to change direction; to turn • (Hokkien) Classifier for bends, curves or turns. • (Hokkien) curved; crooked; bent • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for
|
|
|go around • rule • administer
|go around • rule • administer
|斡 (eumhun 돌 알 (dol al))
|斡 (eumhun 돌 알 (dol al))
|Hanja form of 알 (“spin”).
|hanja form of 알 (“spin”)
|Hán-Nôm : oát • Hán-Nôm : quản
|
|
|斡
|斡
|-
|-
|斫
|斫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh • Middle-Chinese : tsyak
|(literary) to hack; to chop
|(literary) to hack; to chop
|
|
Line 5,250: Line 6,359:
|斫 (eum 작 (jak))
|斫 (eum 작 (jak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chước • Hán-Nôm : trác
|
|
|斫
|斫
|-
|-
|断
|断
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 断(だん) • (dan)
| ‖ 断(だん) • (dan)
|sever, chop off • interrupt • refuse, decline, abstain from ‖ refuse, decline
|sever, chop off • interrupt • refuse, decline, abstain from ‖ refuse, decline
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,264: Line 6,376:
|-
|-
|旌
|旌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsleŋ) : semantic 㫃 + phonetic 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : tsjeng
|banner or flag adorned with feathers • to make clear • to recognize; to distinguish • to honor officially; to commend
|banner or flag adorned with feathers • to make clear • to recognize; to distinguish • to honor officially; to commend
|
|
Line 5,270: Line 6,383:
|旌 (eum 정 (jeong))
|旌 (eum 정 (jeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tinh
|
|
|旌
|旌
|-
|-
|旎
|旎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nrjeX
|Used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ). • Used in 旎旎.
|Used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ). • Used in 旎旎.
|
|
Line 5,280: Line 6,395:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nể • Hán-Nôm : nỉ
|
|
|旎
|旎
|-
|-
|旖
|旖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qral, *qralʔ) : semantic 㫃 + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í • Middle-Chinese : 'je • Middle-Chinese : 'jeX
|Only used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ).
|Only used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ).
|
|
Line 5,290: Line 6,407:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ỷ
|
|
|旖
|旖
|-
|-
|旧
|旧
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?) ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū-) ^(←きう (kiu)?)
| ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?) ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū-) ^(←きう (kiu)?)
| ‖ old things, original state, former state, old times • the old calendar based on a lunar system ‖ paleo-, ex-, old, previous, former
| ‖ old things, original state, former state, old times • the old calendar based on a lunar system ‖ paleo-, ex-, old, previous, former
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,304: Line 6,424:
|-
|-
|昼
|昼
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 昼(ひる) • (hiru) ‖ 昼(ちゅう) • (chū) ^(←ちう (tiu)?)
| ‖ 昼(ひる) • (hiru) ‖ 昼(ちゅう) • (chū) ^(←ちう (tiu)?)
| ‖ the daytime • 午: the noon, midday • Short for 昼ご飯 (hiru gohan) or 昼飯 (hirumeshi): lunch • the heyday or peak period of something ‖ day, daytime • noon, midday
| ‖ the daytime • 午: the noon, midday • Short for 昼ご飯 (hiru gohan) or 昼飯 (hirumeshi): lunch • the heyday or peak period of something ‖ day, daytime • noon, midday
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,314: Line 6,436:
|-
|-
|晉
|晉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臸 (“to arrive”) + 日 (“sun”) \ The I Ching relates it to 進／进 (jìn)https://ctext.org/book-of-changes/jin, whose etymology is unknown (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìn • Middle-Chinese : tsinH
|to advance; to increase • to promote • (～國) Chinese feudal state of Jin (11th century BCE–376 BCE), a state of the Zhou Dynasty in northern China • (～朝) Chinese Jin dynasty (266–420) • 35th hexagram of the I Ching (䷢) • Alternative name for 山西 (Shānxī, “Shanxi”). • (～語) Jin (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Shanxi) • a surname
|to advance; to increase • to promote • (～國) Chinese feudal state of Jin (11th century BCE–376 BCE), a state of the Zhou Dynasty in northern China • (～朝) Chinese Jin dynasty (266–420) • 35th hexagram of the I Ching (䷢) • Alternative name for 山西 (Shānxī, “Shanxi”). • (～語) Jin (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Shanxi) • a surname
|
|
|to proceed • Jin dynasty
|to proceed • Jin dynasty
|晉 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin))
|晉 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin))
|Hanja form of 진 (“advance, increase”).
|hanja form of 진 (“advance, increase”)
|Hán-Nôm : tấn • Hán-Nôm : tắn • Hán-Nôm : tớn
|
|
|晉
|晉
|-
|-
|晏
|晏
|Cantonese · Jyutping : aan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːns, *qraːns) : semantic 日 + phonetic 安 (OC *qaːn).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : aan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àn • Middle-Chinese : 'anH • Middle-Chinese : 'aenH
|late; near the end of a period of time • late in the day • (Cantonese) lunch (Classifier: 餐 c) • sunny and cloudless • peaceful; tranquil; serene • a surname
|late; near the end of a period of time • late in the day • (Cantonese) lunch (Classifier: 餐 c) • sunny and cloudless • peaceful; tranquil; serene • a surname
| ‖ 晏(あん) • (an)
| ‖ 晏(あん) • (an)
Line 5,330: Line 6,455:
|晏 • (an) · 晏 • (an) (hangeul 안, revised an, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)
|晏 • (an) · 晏 • (an) (hangeul 안, revised an, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yến
|
|
|晏
|晏
|-
|-
|晒
|晒
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|bleach • expose
|bleach • expose
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,344: Line 6,472:
|-
|-
|晤
|晤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gōo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gōo • Middle-Chinese : nguH
|to meet; to see • ^† Alternative form of 悟 (wù)
|to meet; to see • ^† Alternative form of 悟 (wù)
|
|
Line 5,350: Line 6,479:
|晤 (eum 오 (o))
|晤 (eum 오 (o))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngộ • Hán-Nôm : cữ
|
|
|晤
|晤
|-
|-
|晩
|晩
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,360: Line 6,491:
|晩 • (man) · 晩 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|晩 • (man) · 晩 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|
|
|canonical : 晩: Hán Việt readings: vãn 晩: Nôm readings: muộn • canonical : vãn
|chữ Hán form of vãn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of muộn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of vãn (“about to end, about to close, about to disappear”).
|chữ Hán form of vãn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of muộn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of vãn (“about to end, about to close, about to disappear”).
|晩
|晩
|-
|-
|暈
|暈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g
|Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. ‖ Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. ‖ Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g • Middle-Chinese : hjunH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Middle-Chinese : hjunH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g
|(astronomy) halo (around the Sun or the Moon) • ring of light or colour, or a blurred area surrounding a luminous or coloured object; halo around a light or colour • blush; slight redness • ring-shaped pattern • bull's eye • to spread; to proliferate; to seep through • to apply (colour, especially makeup) ‖ to make one feel dizzy; to feel the head spinning; to have vertigo ‖ dizzy; giddy; lightheaded • to faint; to pass out; to black out; to swoon • (neologism, slang) to be overwhelmed (by something) and on the verge of passing out • (Sichuanese) to savour; to enjoy slowly and thoroughly
|(astronomy) halo (around the Sun or the Moon) • ring of light or colour, or a blurred area surrounding a luminous or coloured object; halo around a light or colour • blush; slight redness • ring-shaped pattern • bull's eye • to spread; to proliferate; to seep through • to apply (colour, especially makeup) ‖ to make one feel dizzy; to feel the head spinning; to have vertigo ‖ dizzy; giddy; lightheaded • to faint; to pass out; to black out; to swoon • (neologism, slang) to be overwhelmed (by something) and on the verge of passing out • (Sichuanese) to savour; to enjoy slowly and thoroughly
| ‖ 暈(かさ) • (kasa) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un)
| ‖ 暈(かさ) • (kasa) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un)
|blur, haze • mental haze or senility • intentional blurring or gradation ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) • dizzy; giddy
|blur, haze • mental haze or senility • intentional blurring or gradation ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) • dizzy; giddy
|暈 (eumhun 무리 훈 (muri hun)) ‖ 暈 (eumhun 어지러울 운 (eojireoul un))
|暈 (eumhun 무리 훈 (muri hun)) ‖ 暈 (eumhun 어지러울 운 (eojireoul un))
| ‖ Hanja form of 운 (“halo”).
| ‖ hanja form of 운 (“halo”)
|canonical : 暈: Hán Việt readings: vựng • canonical : vận • canonical : quầng 暈: Nôm readings: vầng • canonical : vừng • canonical : quầng • canonical : vựng
|Nôm form of vầng, vừng (“ring; circle”). • Nôm form of quầng (“halo in the sky”).
|Nôm form of vầng, vừng (“ring; circle”). • Nôm form of quầng (“halo in the sky”).
|暈
|暈
|-
|-
|暉
|暉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰul) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjw+j
|sunlight; sunshine
|sunlight; sunshine
|
|
Line 5,380: Line 6,515:
|暉 (eumhun 빛 휘 (bit hwi))
|暉 (eumhun 빛 휘 (bit hwi))
|
|
|canonical : 暉: Hán Việt readings: huy 暉: Nôm readings: hoe • canonical : huy
|
|
|暉
|暉
|-
|-
|暨
|暨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kái
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯds, *kɯds, *krɯd) : phonetic 既 (OC *kɯds) + semantic 旦 (“sunrise”). \ Maybe exopassive of 及 (jí) (Baxter 1992, apud Schuessler 2007). Schuessler considers relation to 迄 (qì, “to reach to”) and 既 (jì, “already”) less likely as the Middle Chinese vowels do not agree. \ Related to 訖／讫 (qì).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kái • Middle-Chinese : gjijH
|^‡ initial appearance of sunrise • (alt. form 臮) (literary) and; cum • (literary) to attain; to reach • a surname
|^‡ initial appearance of sunrise • (alt. form 臮) (literary) and; cum • (literary) to attain; to reach • a surname
|
|
Line 5,390: Line 6,527:
|暨 • (gi) · 暨 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|暨 • (gi) · 暨 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kị
|
|
|暨
|暨
|-
|-
|暹
|暹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 日 (“sun”) + 進 (“to advance”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām • Middle-Chinese : sjem
|(of the sun) to rise • (historical) the Thai kingdom of Ayutthaya; later short for 暹羅／暹罗 (Xiānluó, “Siam”).
|(of the sun) to rise • (historical) the Thai kingdom of Ayutthaya; later short for 暹羅／暹罗 (Xiānluó, “Siam”).
|
|
Line 5,400: Line 6,539:
|暹 • (seom) · 暹 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
|暹 • (seom) · 暹 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : Xiêm
|(historical) Siam
|暹
|暹
|-
|-
|曠
|曠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːŋs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuìnn • Middle-Chinese : khwangH
|(obsolete) bright; clear • broad; vast; extensive • free from worries and petty ideas • distant (in time) • loose-fitting • to neglect; to skip (class or work); to waste (time) • a surname
|(obsolete) bright; clear • broad; vast; extensive • free from worries and petty ideas • distant (in time) • loose-fitting • to neglect; to skip (class or work); to waste (time) • a surname
|
|
Line 5,410: Line 6,551:
|曠 • (gwang) · 曠 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|曠 • (gwang) · 曠 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|extensive, wide, broad • empty
|extensive, wide, broad • empty
|Hán-Nôm : khoảng • Hán-Nôm : khoáng • Hán-Nôm : quãng • Hán-Nôm : thoáng
|
|
|曠
|曠
|-
|-
|曦
|曦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 羲 (OC *hŋral).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje
|(literary) sunshine; dawn sunlight • Alternative form of 羲 (xī)
|(literary) sunshine; dawn sunlight • Alternative form of 羲 (xī)
|
|
Line 5,420: Line 6,563:
|曦 • (hui) · 曦 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|曦 • (hui) · 曦 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|sunlight • sunshine • early dawn
|sunlight • sunshine • early dawn
|
|
|
|曦
|曦
|-
|-
|曳
|曳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jai¹
|Possibly related to 抴 (OC *lebs, *led, “to pull”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Compare Zhuang yaez (“inferior”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Middle-Chinese : yejH ‖
|to drag; to pull • (literary) to float in the wind; to sway • (obsolete) tired; fatigued ‖ (Cantonese) inferior; of poor quality • (Cantonese) naughty; ill-behaved; unruly
|to drag; to pull • (literary) to float in the wind; to sway • (obsolete) tired; fatigued ‖ (Cantonese) inferior; of poor quality • (Cantonese) naughty; ill-behaved; unruly
| ‖ 曳(えい) • (ei)
| ‖ 曳(えい) • (ei)
Line 5,430: Line 6,575:
|曳 (eum 예 (ye))
|曳 (eum 예 (ye))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dấy
|
|
|曳
|曳
|-
|-
|曷
|曷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hat
|Shuowen Jiezi: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːd) : phonetic 匃 () + semantic 曰 \ Cognate with 何 (OC *ɡaːl, “what; where; why; how”). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hat • Middle-Chinese : hat
|why; what; where; how; when
|why; what; where; how; when
|
|
Line 5,440: Line 6,587:
|曷 • (gal) · 曷 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal)
|曷 • (gal) · 曷 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hạt • Hán-Nôm : hột
|
|
|曷
|曷
|-
|-
|朧
|朧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ, *roŋs) : semantic 月 (“moon”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). \ Unlike most other characters with a 月 (yuè)-like component on the left, this character's 月 (yuè) is not the cursive form of 肉; 朦朧／朦胧 (ménglóng) was originally used in reference to the moon.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng
|(of moonlight) hazy; dim
|(of moonlight) hazy; dim
| ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) -na (adnominal 朧(おぼろ)な (oboro na), adverbial 朧(おぼろ)に (oboro ni)) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (Oboro)
| ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) -na (adnominal 朧(おぼろ)な (oboro na), adverbial 朧(おぼろ)に (oboro ni)) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (Oboro)
|hazy, cloudy ‖ hazy, cloudy • uncertain, unreliable ‖ minced meat or seafood • Short for 朧昆布 (oboro-konbu): shredded kelp • Short for 朧豆腐 (oboro-dōfu): • Short for 朧饅頭 (oboro-manjū): steamed bun with the outer covering removed after steaming ‖ a female given name • a surname
|hazy, cloudy ‖ hazy, cloudy • uncertain, unreliable ‖ minced meat or seafood • Short for 朧昆布 (oboro-konbu): shredded kelp • Short for 朧豆腐 (oboro-dōfu): • Short for 朧饅頭 (oboro-manjū): steamed bun with the outer covering removed after steaming ‖ a female given name • a surname
|朧 (eumhun 흐릿할 롱 (heurithal rong), South Korea 흐릿할 농 (heurithal nong))
|朧 (eumhun 흐릿할 롱 (heurithal rong), word-initial (South Korea) 흐릿할 농 (heurithal nong))
|Hanja form of 롱/농 (“Used in 몽롱(朦朧) (mongnong)”).
|hanja form of 롱/농 (“Used in 몽롱(朦朧) (mongnong)”)
|Hán-Nôm : lung • Hán-Nôm : lông
|
|
|朧
|朧
|-
|-
|朮
|朮
|Pictogram (象形) . It is the original character of 秫. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶
|Original form of 秫 (shú, “glutinous millet; sorghum”). ‖ Used in compounds such as 白朮／白术 (báizhú), a type of herbal medicine.
|Original form of 秫 (shú, “glutinous millet; sorghum”). ‖ Used in compounds such as 白朮／白术 (báizhú), a type of herbal medicine.
|
| ‖ 朮(おけら) or 朮(オケラ) • (okera) ^(←をけら (wokera)?)
|a type of millet • a type of herb
|a type of millet • a type of herb ‖ Atractylodes lancea
|朮 (eumhun 삽주 출 (sapju chul))
|朮 (eumhun 삽주 출 (sapju chul))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thuật • Hán-Nôm : truật
|
|
|朮
|朮
|-
|-
|机
|机
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Middle-Chinese : kjij • Middle-Chinese : kjijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Middle-Chinese : kjij • Middle-Chinese : kjijX
|Alternative form of 几 (“small table; stool”) • alder • a surname ‖ chopping board
|Alternative form of 几 (“small table; stool”) • alder • a surname ‖ chopping board
|
|
Line 5,470: Line 6,623:
|机 • (gwe) · 机 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|机 • (gwe) · 机 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|desk
|desk
|Hán-Nôm : cơ
|
|
|机
|机
|-
|-
|杆
|杆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuainn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːns) : semantic 木 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : kanH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuainn
| ‖ pole; staff; rod (Classifier: 根 m)
| ‖ pole; staff; rod (Classifier: 根 m)
|
|
Line 5,480: Line 6,635:
|杆 • (gan) · 杆 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
|杆 • (gan) · 杆 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
|pole • shaft of spear
|pole • shaft of spear
|
|
|
|杆
|杆
|-
|-
|杞
|杞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : khiX
|Salix integra • wolfberry • a kind of tree • a small feudal state (Qi), founded in Henan during the Shang Dynasty
|Salix integra • wolfberry • a kind of tree • a small feudal state (Qi), founded in Henan during the Shang Dynasty
|
|
Line 5,490: Line 6,647:
|杞 • (gi) · 杞 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|杞 • (gi) · 杞 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khởi • Hán-Nôm : kỷ
|
|
|杞
|杞
|-
|-
|条
|条
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 条(くだり) • (kudari) ‖ 条(じょう) • (jō) ^(←でう (deu)?)
| ‖ 条(くだり) • (kudari) ‖ 条(じょう) • (jō) ^(←でう (deu)?)
| ‖ paragraph ‖ article in a document
| ‖ paragraph ‖ article in a document
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,504: Line 6,664:
|-
|-
|来
|来
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 来(らい) • (rai-) ‖ 来(らい) • (-rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (Rai) ‖ 来(く) • (ku) intransitive ^†-ko
| ‖ 来(らい) • (rai-) ‖ 来(らい) • (-rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (Rai) ‖ 来(く) • (ku) intransitive ^†-ko
| ‖ next..., coming... ‖ since..., in... ‖ coming, arriving • coming, approaching, passing • from (some point in the) past to present • coming in time ‖ a surname, especially of those descended from swordsmiths arriving from Goryeo around the mid-Kamakura period ‖ (archaic, obsolete) to come (approach one’s position from a remote location, specifically towards the speaker) • (archaic, obsolete) to go (to a direction or place far from the speaker but near the listener) • (archaic, suffixed to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of a verb) to gradually begin to [verb]
| ‖ next..., coming... ‖ since..., in... ‖ coming, arriving • coming, approaching, passing • from (some point in the) past to present • coming in time ‖ a surname, especially of those descended from swordsmiths arriving from Goryeo around the mid-Kamakura period ‖ (archaic, obsolete) to come (approach one’s position from a remote location, specifically towards the speaker) • (archaic, obsolete) to go (to a direction or place far from the speaker but near the listener) • (archaic, suffixed to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of a verb) to gradually begin to [verb]
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,514: Line 6,676:
|-
|-
|杳
|杳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu²
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“tree”) + 日 (“sun”) - dark. Compare 杲 (gǎo, “bright”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Middle-Chinese : 'ewX
|dim; dark; gloomy • indistinct; distant • quiet; secluded • vast; expansive • to disappear
|dim; dark; gloomy • indistinct; distant • quiet; secluded • vast; expansive • to disappear
| ‖ 杳(よう) • (yō) ^(←えう (eu)?)^†-tari (adnominal 杳(よう)とした (yō to shita) or 杳(よう)たる (yō taru), adverbial 杳(よう)と (yō to) or 杳(よう)として (yō to shite))
| ‖ 杳(よう) • (yō) ^(←えう (eu)?)^†-tari (adnominal 杳(よう)とした (yō to shita) or 杳(よう)たる (yō taru), adverbial 杳(よう)と (yō to) or 杳(よう)として (yō to shite))
Line 5,520: Line 6,683:
|杳 • (myo, yo) · 杳 • (myo, yo) (hangeul 묘, 요, revised myo, yo, McCune–Reischauer myo, yo, Yale myo, yo)
|杳 • (myo, yo) · 杳 • (myo, yo) (hangeul 묘, 요, revised myo, yo, McCune–Reischauer myo, yo, Yale myo, yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diểu • Hán-Nôm : yểu
|
|
|杳
|杳
|-
|-
|杵
|杵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰjaʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ, “pestle”) – a wooden pestle. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Middle-Chinese : tsyhoX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír
|pestle • baton used to beat clothes • (Northeastern Mandarin) to stand (straight like a post) ‖ (Singapore Hokkien and Teochew) Alternative form of 悇
|pestle • baton used to beat clothes • (Northeastern Mandarin) to stand (straight like a post) ‖ (Singapore Hokkien and Teochew) Alternative form of 悇
|
|
Line 5,530: Line 6,695:
|杵 (eum 저 (jeo))
|杵 (eum 저 (jeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngỏ
|
|
|杵
|杵
|-
|-
|杷
|杷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe • Middle-Chinese : bae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ • Middle-Chinese : baeH • Middle-Chinese : beaH
|a surname ‖ handle (a part of an object which is held in the hand)
|a surname ‖ handle (a part of an object which is held in the hand)
|
|
Line 5,540: Line 6,707:
|杷 • (pa) · 杷 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
|杷 • (pa) · 杷 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bà • Hán-Nôm : ba
|
|
|杷
|杷
|-
|-
|枇
|枇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Middle-Chinese : bjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Middle-Chinese : pjijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : bjijH
|Only used in 枇杷 (pípá). • (Southern Min) Classifier for clusters. ‖ Alternative form of 匕 (bǐ, “a kind of inplement for eating”) ‖ Alternative form of 篦 (“fine-toothed comb; to comb with a fine-toothed comb”)
|Only used in 枇杷 (pípá). • (Southern Min) Classifier for clusters. ‖ Alternative form of 匕 (bǐ, “a kind of inplement for eating”) ‖ Alternative form of 篦 (“fine-toothed comb; to comb with a fine-toothed comb”)
|
|
Line 5,550: Line 6,719:
|枇 • (bi) · 枇 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|枇 • (bi) · 枇 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tì
|
|
|枇
|枇
|-
|-
|枢
|枢
|Simplified from 樞 (區 → 区).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|door hinge • pivot • center of power
|door hinge • pivot • center of power
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,564: Line 6,736:
|-
|-
|枸
|枸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kió ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kio ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ
|Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kió • Middle-Chinese : kuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : kjuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kio • Middle-Chinese : kuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ
|Only used in 枸杞 (gǒuqǐ) and 枸骨. ‖ Hovenia sp. (probably Hovenia acerba) • Alternative form of 蒟 (jǔ, “betel; Piper betle”) ‖ crooked; bent • intertwined roots ‖  
|Only used in 枸杞 (gǒuqǐ) and 枸骨. ‖ Hovenia sp. (probably Hovenia acerba) • Alternative form of 蒟 (jǔ, “betel; Piper betle”) ‖ crooked; bent • intertwined roots ‖  
|
|
Line 5,570: Line 6,743:
|枸 • (gu) · 枸 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|枸 • (gu) · 枸 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cẩu • Hán-Nôm : cù • Hán-Nôm : cử
|
|
|枸
|枸
|-
|-
|柚
|柚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 木 (“tree; wood”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|pomelo ‖ teak ‖ (weaving) reed
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : yuwH ‖  ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuī ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwk
|pomelo ‖ (Yong'an and Sanyuan Central Min) pomelo ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Hua'an Shehua) pomelo ‖ teak ‖ (weaving) reed
| ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (yu) ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (Yu) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (Yū) ‖ 柚(ゆず) or 柚(ユズ) • (yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆず) • (Yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆい) • (Yui) · 柚(ゆざき) • (Yuzaki) · 柚(ゆずさき) • (Yuzusaki) · 柚(ゆに) • (Yuni)
| ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (yu) ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (Yu) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (Yū) ‖ 柚(ゆず) or 柚(ユズ) • (yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆず) • (Yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆい) • (Yui) · 柚(ゆざき) • (Yuzaki) · 柚(ゆずさき) • (Yuzusaki) · 柚(ゆに) • (Yuni)
|citron ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a surname ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ Alternative spelling of 柚子 (“yuzu”) ‖ a female given name ‖ a female given name • a surname • a surname • a female given name
|citron ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a surname ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ Alternative spelling of 柚子 (“yuzu”) ‖ a female given name ‖ a female given name • a surname • a surname • a female given name
|柚 • (yu, chuk) · 柚 • (yu, chuk) (hangeul 유, 축, revised yu, chuk, McCune–Reischauer yu, ch'uk, Yale yu, chwuk)
|柚 • (yu, chuk) · 柚 • (yu, chuk) (hangeul 유, 축, revised yu, chuk, McCune–Reischauer yu, ch'uk, Yale yu, chwuk)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dâu • Hán-Nôm : dữu
|
|
|柚
|柚
|-
|-
|柜
|柩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi²
|Salix integra, a type of willow • Used in 柜柳 (“Pterocarya stenoptera”).
|
|
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjuwH
|
|
|柜
|-
|柩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau⁶
|coffin which contains a corpse
|coffin which contains a corpse
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 5,600: Line 6,767:
|柩 (eumhun 널 구 (neol gu))
|柩 (eumhun 널 구 (neol gu))
|coffin
|coffin
|Hán-Nôm : cữu
|
|
|柩
|柩
|-
|-
|柯
|柯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːl) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ). \ Same word as 牁 (OC *kaːl, “mooring post for a boat”) and related to 軻 (OC *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls, “a pair of wheels upon an axle tree”); perhaps related to 幹 (OC *kaːns, “stem, support”) but distinct from 竿 (OC *kaːn, “pole”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Middle-Chinese : ka ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua
|(literary) axe handle • (literary) stalk; branch • a surname • Short for 柯爾克孜／柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī, “Kyrgyz (the people, language, etc.)”). • Lithocarpus; stone oak ‖ (Hokkien, of fruits, vegetable, etc.) fibrous; stringy; tough; withered • (Teochew) dry; dried up; unmoist • (Hokkien) lost one's youthfulness; old ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) copper coin • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) yuan (unit of currency)
|(literary) axe handle • (literary) stalk; branch • a surname • Short for 柯爾克孜／柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī, “Kyrgyz (the people, language, etc.)”). • Lithocarpus; stone oak ‖ (Hokkien, of fruits, vegetable, etc.) fibrous; stringy; tough; withered • (Teochew) dry; dried up; unmoist • (Hokkien) lost one's youthfulness; old ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) copper coin • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) yuan (unit of currency)
|
|
Line 5,610: Line 6,779:
|柯 • (ga) · 柯 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|柯 • (ga) · 柯 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kha
|
|
|柯
|柯
|-
|-
|査
|査
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,619: Line 6,790:
|investigate, inspect
|investigate, inspect
|査 (eumhun 조사할 사 (josahal sa))
|査 (eumhun 조사할 사 (josahal sa))
|Hanja form of 사 (“investigate, inspect”).
|hanja form of 사 (“investigate, inspect”)
|
|
|
|査
|査
|-
|-
|栩
|栩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaʔ, *ɢʷaʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 羽 (OC *ɢʷaʔ, *ɢʷas). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí • Middle-Chinese : xjuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Middle-Chinese : hjuX
|oak • vivid • a surname ‖ Only used in 栩陽／栩阳.
|oak • vivid • a surname ‖ Only used in 栩陽／栩阳.
|
|
Line 5,630: Line 6,803:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hủ
|
|
|栩
|栩
|-
|-
|桀
|桀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍t ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍eh ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍eh
|In Chu slips, Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrad) : phonetic 匄 (OC *kaːds) + semantic 木. In the modern script, 匄 has corrupted into 舛. \ According to Schussler (2007), 桀 (OC *ɡrad) and 傑 (OC *ɡrad) are the same word meaning "outstanding > hero"; insides Sinitic, it is cognate to 朅 (OC *kʰrad, “martial”); outsides Sinitic, it is related to either Mizo hrât (“valiant, resolute”) or Tibetan གྱད (gyad, “strength; champion, athlete”). \ STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjat (“hero, champion”) for 傑 (OC) ~ 桀 (OC *ɡrad) and གྱད (gyad). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍t • Middle-Chinese : gjet ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍eh ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍eh
|chicken roost • Jie of Xia, an ancient emperor • fierce; brutal; cruel • to lift; to raise; to shoulder; to bear • Alternative form of 傑／杰 (jié, “outstanding; hero”) ‖ (Hokkien) to be not in harmony; to be incompatible; to be contrary • (Hokkien) to impede; to obstruct; to hinder • (Mainland China and Philippine Hokkien) to get stuck; to wedge • (Mainland China Hokkien) to contradict (people) • (Xiamen Hokkien) hard to get along with others ‖ (Hokkien) to have estrangement; to be in conflict with each other (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to hit something • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a crack (of a jar, vat, etc.)
|chicken roost • Jie of Xia, an ancient emperor • fierce; brutal; cruel • to lift; to raise; to shoulder; to bear • Alternative form of 傑／杰 (jié, “outstanding; hero”) ‖ (Hokkien) to be not in harmony; to be incompatible; to be contrary • (Hokkien) to impede; to obstruct; to hinder • (Mainland China and Philippine Hokkien) to get stuck; to wedge • (Mainland China Hokkien) to contradict (people) • (Xiamen Hokkien) hard to get along with others ‖ (Hokkien) to have estrangement; to be in conflict with each other (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to hit something • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a crack (of a jar, vat, etc.)
|
|
Line 5,640: Line 6,815:
|桀 (eum 걸 (geol))
|桀 (eum 걸 (geol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiệt
|
|
|桀
|桀
|-
|-
|桅
|桅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krolʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî • Middle-Chinese : ngwoj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ • Middle-Chinese : kjweX
|mast (of a ship) • (suburban Nanjing Mandarin) sail ‖ short spear
|mast (of a ship) • (suburban Nanjing Mandarin) sail ‖ short spear
|
|
Line 5,650: Line 6,827:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngôi
|
|
|桅
|桅
|-
|-
|桓
|桓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːn) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 亘 ()
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : hwan
|Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi) • (obsolete) pillar used as a signpost • mighty; martial; large • Used in 盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán). • a surname
|Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi) • (obsolete) pillar used as a signpost • mighty; martial; large • Used in 盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán). • a surname
|
|
Line 5,660: Line 6,839:
|桓 • (hwan) · 桓 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|桓 • (hwan) · 桓 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hoàn
|
|
|桓
|桓
|-
|-
|桿
|桿
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːnʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 旱 (OC *ɡaːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn
|pole; stick; club; rod • lever; handle • shaft; barrel • Classifier for long, cylindrical objects, such as guns.
|pole; stick; club; rod • lever; handle • shaft; barrel • Classifier for long, cylindrical objects, such as guns.
Line 5,670: Line 6,851:
|桿 • (han) · 桿 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|桿 • (han) · 桿 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|
|
|canonical : 桿: Hán Việt readings: can • canonical : hãn 桿: Nôm readings: cán
|Nôm form of cán (“handle”).
|Nôm form of cán (“handle”).
|桿
|桿
|-
|-
|梃
|梃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁵ • Middle-Chinese : dengX
|a club • a stalk • straight
|a club • a stalk • straight
|
|
Line 5,680: Line 6,863:
|梃 • (jeong) · 梃 • (jeong) (hangeul 정)
|梃 • (jeong) · 梃 • (jeong) (hangeul 정)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đỉnh
|
|
|梃
|梃
|-
|-
|梓
|梓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + abbreviated phonetic 宰 (OC *ʔsɯːʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : tsiX
|yellow catalpa or Chinese catalpa (Catalpa ovata) • craftsman who produces wooden items • hometown • printing block • a surname
|yellow catalpa or Chinese catalpa (Catalpa ovata) • craftsman who produces wooden items • hometown • printing block • a surname
| ‖ 梓(あずさ) or 梓(アズサ) • (azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa) or アヅサ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(あずさ) • (Azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi)
| ‖ 梓(あずさ) or 梓(アズサ) • (azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa) or アヅサ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(あずさ) • (Azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi)
| ‖ Synonym of 夜糞峰榛 (yoguso minebari): the Japanese cherry birch, Betula grossa • Synonym of 木豇豆, 楸 (kisasage): the yellow or Chinese catalpa, Catalpa ovata • Synonym of 赤芽柏 (akame-gashiwa): the Japanese mallotus, Mallotus japonicus • a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) • Short for 梓弓 (azusa yumi): a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch; a small musical bow used to summon spirits • Short for 梓巫女 (azusa miko): a 巫女 (miko, “unmarried female medium”) who summons spirits by sounding the string of an azusa yumi (short musical bow) • (theater) in noh, ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) ‖ catalpa • printing block • printing
| ‖ Synonym of 夜糞峰榛 (yoguso minebari): the Japanese cherry birch, Betula grossa • Synonym of 木豇豆, 楸 (kisasage): the yellow or Chinese catalpa, Catalpa ovata • Synonym of 赤芽柏 (akame-gashiwa): the Japanese mallotus, Mallotus japonicus • a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) • Short for 梓弓 (azusa yumi): a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch; a small musical bow used to summon spirits • Short for 梓巫女 (azusa miko): a 巫女 (miko, “unmarried female medium”) who summons spirits by sounding the string of an azusa yumi (short musical bow) • (theater) in noh, the swift, drummed accompaniment to the entrance recitative of a medium ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) ‖ catalpa • printing block • printing
|梓 • (jae) · 梓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)
|梓 • (jae) · 梓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tử
|
|
|梓
|梓
|-
|-
|梟
|梟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)u (“owl”), which is also compared to 鴞 (OC *ɦraw, “owl”), 鵂 (OC *qʰu, “owl”), 舊 (OC *ɡʷɯs, “owl”) (STEDT). Compare Japhug pɣɤkhɯ (“owl”) (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Middle-Chinese : kew
|owl • a mythical bird which eats its own parents shortly after hatching • brave, fierce • leader, ringleader • to decapitate and hang the head • (Teochew) indifferent, insensitive, indolent
|owl • a mythical bird which eats its own parents shortly after hatching • brave, fierce • leader, ringleader • to decapitate and hang the head • (Teochew) indifferent, insensitive, indolent
| ‖ 梟(ふくろう) or 梟(ふくろ) • (fukurō or fukuro) ^(←ふくろふ (fukurofu)?)
| ‖ 梟(ふくろう) or 梟(ふくろ) • (fukurō or fukuro) ^(←ふくろふ (fukurofu)?)
Line 5,700: Line 6,887:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiêu
|
|
|梟
|梟
|-
|-
|梵
|梵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bloms, *bum) : semantic 林 (“forest”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) – lush. Originally a variant form of 芃 (OC *boːŋ, *bum). \ As a word for transcribing Indic languages, the reading 梵 (MC bjomH) probably derives from Gandhari and transcribes the syllables such as bram̄(a), bra(m)m-, etc. (Bailey, 1946) in words like 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨸 (bram̄a, “Brahma”), 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨞 (bramaṇa, “a brahmin”), and it appears in the classical Chinese lexicon in 梵天 (“Brahma, name of a deity”), 梵志 (“a person dedicated to religion”), 梵行 (“good, pure conduct”), etc. The sense for "Sanskrit" originally refers to its status as a religious language. In modern usage, it is also used to translate various terms in Hinduism, such as Brahman.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Middle-Chinese : bjuwng • Middle-Chinese : bjomH
|lush; luxuriant • (Hinduism) Brahman; the ultimate reality in the universe (concept in Hinduism) • (figurative) quiet; peaceful; undisturbed • of or pertaining to Buddhism; Buddhist • of or pertaining to ancient India or the Sanskrit language; Indian • (Buddhism) to chant sutras; to recite sutras • (Buddhism) sound of sutra chanting • a surname
|lush; luxuriant • (Hinduism) Brahman; the ultimate reality in the universe (concept in Hinduism) • (figurative) quiet; peaceful; undisturbed • of or pertaining to Buddhism; Buddhist • of or pertaining to ancient India or the Sanskrit language; Indian • (Buddhism) to chant sutras; to recite sutras • (Buddhism) sound of sutra chanting • a surname
| ‖ 梵(ぼん) • (bon)
| ‖ 梵(ぼん) • (bon)
Line 5,710: Line 6,899:
|梵 • (beom) · 梵 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, Yale pem)
|梵 • (beom) · 梵 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, Yale pem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phạn • Hán-Nôm : phạm
|Brahma • Sanskrit
|Brahma • Sanskrit
|梵
|梵
|-
|-
|棗
|棗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : Duplication of 朿 (“thorn”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsawX
|jujube; Chinese date • a surname
|jujube; Chinese date • a surname
| ‖ 棗(なつめ) or 棗(ナツメ) • (natsume) ‖ 棗(なつめ) • (Natsume)
| ‖ 棗(なつめ) or 棗(ナツメ) • (natsume) ‖ 棗(なつめ) • (Natsume)
Line 5,720: Line 6,911:
|棗 • (jo) · 棗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|棗 • (jo) · 棗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : táo • Hán-Nôm : táu • Hán-Nôm : tảo
|
|
|棗
|棗
|-
|-
|棣
|棣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ
|(botany) Kerria japonica • cherry tree • younger brother • a surname ‖ to attain; to reach ‖ Only used in 棣棣 (dàidài).
|(botany) Kerria japonica • cherry tree • younger brother • a surname ‖ to attain; to reach ‖ Only used in 棣棣 (dàidài).
|
|
|(botany) Kerria japonica
|(botany) Kerria japonica
|棣 (eumhun 산앵두나무 체 (sanaengdunamu che)) ‖ 棣 (eumhun 익숙할 태 (iksukhal tae))
|棣 (eumhun 산앵두나무 체 (sanaengdunamu che)) ‖ 棣 (eumhun 익숙할 태 (iksukhal tae))
|Hanja form of 체 (“Vaccinium koreanum”). • (literary) Hanja form of 체 (“to attain; to reach”). ‖ (literary) Hanja form of 태 (“courteous appearance”).
|hanja form of 체 (“Vaccinium koreanum”) • (literary) hanja form of 체 (“to attain; to reach”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 태 (“courteous appearance”)
|canonical : 棣: Hán Việt readings: đệ • canonical : lệ
|chữ Hán form of đệ (“brother; sibling”). • chữ Hán form of lệ (“Kerria japonica”).
|chữ Hán form of đệ (“brother; sibling”). • chữ Hán form of lệ (“Kerria japonica”).
|棣
|棣
|-
|棧
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàn • Middle-Chinese : dzreanX • Middle-Chinese : dzrjenX • Middle-Chinese : dzraenH
|warehouse • tavern; inn • (computing) stack • (Southern Min) storey; floor; stratum • (Southern Min) Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels.
|
|
|棧 • (jan, jeon) · 棧 • (jan, jeon) (hangeul 잔, 전, revised jan, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chan, chŏn, Yale can, cen)
|
|Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sến • Hán-Nôm : sán • Hán-Nôm : sạn • Hán-Nôm : xiễn • Hán-Nôm : trăn • Hán-Nôm : chăn
|
|棧
|-
|-
|棲
|棲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sue
|Before the Warring States Period, written as '西'. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *siːl) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 妻 (OC *sʰiːl, *sʰiːls). \ See 西 (OC *s-nˤər) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014) for etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sue • Middle-Chinese : sej
|to perch • to roost • to stay
|to perch • to roost • to stay
|
|
|(Of humans and other animals) residing (somewhere), living (someplace); inhabiting a nest, den, burrow, etc.
|(Of humans and other animals) residing (somewhere), living (someplace); inhabiting a nest, den, burrow, etc.
|棲 (eumhun 깃들일 서 (gitdeuril seo))
|棲 (eumhun 깃들일 서 (gitdeuril seo))
|Hanja form of 서 (“roost”).
|hanja form of 서 (“roost”)
|Hán-Nôm : thê
|
|
|棲
|棲
|-
|-
|棹
|棹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rdeːwɢs) : semantic 木 + phonetic 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³
|Alternative form of 櫂 (zhào) ‖ Alternative form of 桌 • Name of a tree.
|Alternative form of 櫂 (zhào) ‖ Alternative form of 桌 • Name of a tree.
| ‖ 棹(さお) • (sao) ^(←さを (sawo)?)
| ‖ 棹(さお) • (sao) ^(←さを (sawo)?)
Line 5,750: Line 6,959:
|棹 • (do) · 棹 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|棹 • (do) · 棹 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chèo • Hán-Nôm : trạo • Hán-Nôm : chác • Hán-Nôm : dậu • Hán-Nôm : địu
|
|
|棹
|棹
|-
|-
|楓
|楓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plum) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : pjuwng
|maple (tree)
|maple (tree)
| ‖ 楓(かえで) • (kaede) ^(←かへで (kafede)?) ‖ 楓(かえで) • (Kaede) ‖ 楓(かいで) • (kaide) ‖ 楓(かつら) • (katsura) ‖ 楓(おかつら) • (okatsura) ^(←をかつら (wokatura)?) ‖ 楓(ふう) • (fū)
| ‖ 楓(かえで) • (kaede) ^(←かへで (kafede)?) ‖ 楓(かえで) • (Kaede) ‖ 楓(かいで) • (kaide) ‖ 楓(かつら) • (katsura) ‖ 楓(おかつら) • (okatsura) ^(←をかつら (wokatura)?) ‖ 楓(ふう) or 楓(フウ) • (fū)
|maple • Liquidambar formosana, Chinese sweetgum tree, Formosan sweetgum tree ‖ the maple tree • a color scheme for 襲 (kasane, “layered kimono”, literally “layering”), where both the outer and inner layers are light green • a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), featuring a maple-leaf design • (term of endearment) a child's hand (from the resemblance in shape between a hand with splayed fingers and a maple leaf) ‖ a female given name ‖ (uncommon, possibly obsolete) alternative for kaede above: the maple tree ‖ 桂: the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum • 桂: (Chinese mythology) the kind of tree that grows on the moon ‖ (obsolete) the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum ‖ フウ: the Formosan sweetgum tree, Liquidambar formosana • in certain kanji compounds, the maple tree
|maple • Liquidambar formosana, Chinese sweetgum tree, Formosan sweetgum tree ‖ the maple tree • a color scheme for 襲 (kasane, “layered kimono”, literally “layering”), where both the outer and inner layers are light green • a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), featuring a maple-leaf design • (term of endearment) a child's hand (from the resemblance in shape between a hand with splayed fingers and a maple leaf) ‖ a female given name ‖ (uncommon, possibly obsolete) alternative for kaede above: the maple tree ‖ 桂: the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum • 桂: (Chinese mythology) the kind of tree that grows on the moon ‖ (obsolete) the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum ‖ the Formosan sweetgum tree, Liquidambar formosana • in certain kanji compounds, the maple tree
|楓 (eumhun 단풍나무 풍 (danpungnamu pung))
|楓 (eumhun 단풍나무 풍 (danpungnamu pung))
|Hanja form of 풍 (“maple (tree)”).
|hanja form of 풍 (“maple (tree)”)
|Hán-Nôm : phong
|
|
|楓
|楓
|-
|-
|楔
|楔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : seh ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : seh • Middle-Chinese : keat • Middle-Chinese : set ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³
|wedge; peg • (dialectal) to drive; to wedge (a wedge, nail, etc.) • (Hokkien) to stuff in; to plug in; to fill in • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) wedge; peg; stopper • (Mainland China Hokkien, figurative) to bribe ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𤗈 (sip³)
|wedge; peg • (dialectal) to drive; to wedge (a wedge, nail, etc.) • (Hokkien) to stuff in; to plug in; to fill in • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) wedge; peg; stopper • (Mainland China Hokkien, figurative) to bribe ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𤗈 (sip³)
| ‖ 楔(くさび) • (kusabi)
| ‖ 楔(くさび) • (kusabi)
Line 5,770: Line 6,983:
|楔 (eum 설 (seol))
|楔 (eum 설 (seol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khế
|
|
|楔
|楔
|-
|-
|楞
|楞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gông ‖  
|Compound of 四方木 (sìfāng mù). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Middle-Chinese : long ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ • Middle-Chinese : long ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gông ‖  
|Alternative form of 稜／棱 (léng, “edge; corner”) ‖ Used in transliteration. ‖ Alternative form of 愣 ‖ (Hokkien) dizzy • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be dumbfounded; to be startled ‖ (Eastern Min) segment of a fruit, seed, or other round plant organ • (Eastern Min) Classifier for fruit or seed segments, flower petals, or portions of other round plant organs. • (Eastern Min) Classifier for slices of a round object such as cake or melon.
|Alternative form of 稜／棱 (léng, “edge; corner”) ‖ Used in transliteration. ‖ Alternative form of 愣 ‖ (Hokkien) dizzy • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be dumbfounded; to be startled ‖ (Eastern Min) segment of a fruit, seed, or other round plant organ • (Eastern Min) Classifier for fruit or seed segments, flower petals, or portions of other round plant organs. • (Eastern Min) Classifier for slices of a round object such as cake or melon.
|
|
Line 5,780: Line 6,995:
|楞 • (reung>neung) · 楞 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|楞 • (reung>neung) · 楞 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lăng
|
|
|楞
|楞
|-
|-
|楠
|楠
| ‖ Borrowed from Thai น่าน (nâan).
| ‖  
| ‖  
|nanmu tree (Machilus nanmu or Phoebe zhennan) • name of various species of Phoebe and Machilus ‖ (～府) Nan province (of Thailand) • (～市) Nan city • (～河) Nan river
|nanmu tree (Machilus nanmu or Phoebe zhennan) • name of various species of Phoebe and Machilus ‖ (～府) Nan province (of Thailand) • (～市) Nan city • (～河) Nan river
Line 5,790: Line 7,007:
|楠 • (nam) · 楠 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam, Yale nam)
|楠 • (nam) · 楠 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam, Yale nam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nêm • Hán-Nôm : nam
|
|
|楠
|楠
|-
|-
|楨
|楨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Middle-Chinese : trjeng
|hardwood • supports, posts
|hardwood • supports, posts
|
|
Line 5,800: Line 7,019:
|楨 • (jeong) · 楨 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|楨 • (jeong) · 楨 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|hardwood • privet • supports • posts
|hardwood • privet • supports • posts
|Hán-Nôm : trính • Hán-Nôm : trinh
|
|
|楨
|楨
|-
|-
|楫
|楫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔseb) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib).
|oar, paddle
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsjep
|(literary) oar; paddle • (archaic) to row
|
|
|oar
|oar
|楫 • (jeup, jeop) · 楫 • (jeup, jeop) (hangeul 즙, 접, revised jeup, jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŭp, chŏp, Yale cup, cep)
|楫 • (jeup, jeop) · 楫 • (jeup, jeop) (hangeul 즙, 접, revised jeup, jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŭp, chŏp, Yale cup, cep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiếp
|
|
|楫
|楫
|-
|-
|楹
|楹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yeng
|column; pillar (especially in front of a hall) • (literary) Classifier for buildings or rooms.
|column; pillar (especially in front of a hall) • (literary) Classifier for buildings or rooms.
|
|
Line 5,820: Line 7,043:
|楹 • (yeong) · 楹 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|楹 • (yeong) · 楹 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : doanh
|
|
|楹
|楹
|-
|-
|楼
|楼
|Simplified from 樓 (婁 → 娄)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|building (of two or more stores) • floor, level
|building (of two or more stores) • floor, level
|
|
|
|
|
Line 5,834: Line 7,060:
|-
|-
|榛
|榛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrin) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 秦 (OC *zin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsrin
|hazel (Corylus heterophylla) • hazelnut • thicket; underbrush • (of vegetation) thick; dense
|hazel (Corylus heterophylla) • hazelnut • thicket; underbrush • (of vegetation) thick; dense
| ‖ 榛(はしばみ) or 榛(ハシバミ) • (hashibami) ‖ 榛(はり) • (hari)
| ‖ 榛(はしばみ) or 榛(ハシバミ) • (hashibami) ‖ 榛(はり) • (hari)
Line 5,840: Line 7,067:
|榛 (eum 진 (jin))
|榛 (eum 진 (jin))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trăn
|
|
|榛
|榛
|-
|-
|榭
|榭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaːɡs) : semantic 木 (“wood; wooden structure”) + phonetic 射 (OC *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ); also ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 + 射 (“archery”), as it originally referred to an early type of architecture for both the practice and the ceremony of archery: an open-space hall built on raised ground, without internal division into rooms (Wang, 1923; Yang, 1965). In bronze script, the alternative form 𫷺 (i.e. ⿸广射) can be seen.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zjaeH
|(architecture) pavilion (typically on raised ground)
|(architecture) pavilion (typically on raised ground)
|
|
Line 5,850: Line 7,079:
|榭 (eum 사 (sa))
|榭 (eum 사 (sa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tạ
|
|
|榭
|榭
|-
|-
|榷
|榷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Middle-Chinese : kaewk
|(obsolete) single-plank bridge; log footbridge • to tax • tax; toll; levy • to monopolize • monopoly • to discuss • Alternative form of 確／确 (què)
|(obsolete) single-plank bridge; log footbridge • to tax • tax; toll; levy • to monopolize • monopoly • to discuss • Alternative form of 確／确 (què)
|
|
Line 5,860: Line 7,091:
|榷 • (gyo) · 榷 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|榷 • (gyo) · 榷 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dác • Hán-Nôm : các
|
|
|榷
|榷
|-
|-
|榻
|榻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taap³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːb) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 𦐇 ()
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taap³ • Middle-Chinese : thap
|cot; couch; bed • (obsolete) to copy
|cot; couch; bed • (obsolete) to copy
|
|
Line 5,870: Line 7,103:
|榻 (eum 탑 (tap))
|榻 (eum 탑 (tap))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chõng • Hán-Nôm : tháp
|
|
|榻
|榻
|-
|-
|槁
|槁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːwʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou² • Middle-Chinese : khawX
|^† to wither • ^† (of a tree or wood) withered; rotten; dead • ^† dried up tree
|^† to wither • ^† (of a tree or wood) withered; rotten; dead • ^† dried up tree
|
|
Line 5,880: Line 7,115:
|槁 (eum 고 (go))
|槁 (eum 고 (go))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cau
|
|
|槁
|槁
|-
|-
|槌
|槌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dols, *dul) : semantic 木 + phonetic 追 (OC *tul).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî • Middle-Chinese : drwij • Middle-Chinese : drjweH
|hammer, mallet • to strike; to beat • (Zhengzhou, Jin) fist
|hammer, mallet • to strike; to beat • (Zhengzhou, Jin) fist
| ‖ 槌(つち) • (tsuchi)
| ‖ 槌(つち) • (tsuchi)
Line 5,890: Line 7,127:
|槌 • (toe, chu) · 槌 • (toe, chu) (hangeul 퇴, 추, revised toe, chu, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, ch'u, Yale thoy, chwu)
|槌 • (toe, chu) · 槌 • (toe, chu) (hangeul 퇴, 추, revised toe, chu, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, ch'u, Yale thoy, chwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dùi • Hán-Nôm : chùy • Hán-Nôm : chuỳ
|
|
|槌
|槌
|-
|-
|槍
|槍
|Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshionn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰraːŋ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshionn • Middle-Chinese : tshjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaeng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng
|(historical) spear; lance; pike • gun; firearm; shooter (Classifier: 桿／杆 m; 支 m c; 把 m c) • gun-like object • Classifier for gunshots. • to sit for an examination in place of someone else • (obsolete) to collide • a surname ‖ Only used in 欃槍／欃枪 (chánchēng, “comet”). ‖  ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 銃／铳 (“gun; firearm”)
|(historical) spear; lance; pike • gun; firearm; shooter (Classifier: 桿／杆 m; 支 m c; 把 m c) • gun-like object • Classifier for gunshots. • to sit for an examination in place of someone else • (obsolete) to collide • a surname ‖ Only used in 欃槍／欃枪 (chánchēng, “comet”). ‖  ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 銃／铳 (“gun; firearm”)
| ‖ 槍(やり) • (yari) ‖ 槍(やり) • (Yari)
| ‖ 槍(やり) • (yari) ‖ 槍(やり) • (Yari)
|spear, lance • javelin ‖ (weaponry) a spear, lance • (shogi) common name for the 香車 (kyōsha, “lance”) • a javelin (throwing spear used in athletics) • (archaic) jeering ‖ a surname
|spear, lance • javelin ‖ (weaponry) a spear, lance • (shogi) common name for the 香車 (kyōsha, “lance”) • a javelin (throwing spear used in athletics) • (archaic) jeering ‖ a surname
|槍 (eumhun 창 창 (chang chang))
|槍 (eumhun 창 창 (chang chang))
|Hanja form of 창 (“spear”).
|hanja form of 창 (“spear”)
|Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : sang
|
|
|槍
|槍
|-
|-
|槓
|槓
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 貢 (OC *koːŋs). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǹg ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǹg ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵
|thick rod; thick pole • (gymnastics) bar • stout poles used to carry a coffin • rod-shaped part of a machine • thick line (Classifier: 道 m) • to cross out; to strike out • to whet • to argue; to bicker • (mahjong) kong ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 籠／笼 (“trunk; chest; large box”)
|thick rod; thick pole • (gymnastics) bar • stout poles used to carry a coffin • rod-shaped part of a machine • thick line (Classifier: 道 m) • to cross out; to strike out • to whet • to argue; to bicker • (mahjong) kong ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 籠／笼 (“trunk; chest; large box”)
Line 5,910: Line 7,151:
|槓 • (gong) · 槓 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)
|槓 • (gong) · 槓 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổng
|
|
|槓
|槓
|-
|-
|槨
|槨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kwak
|outer coffin
|outer coffin
|
|
Line 5,920: Line 7,163:
|槨 (eum 곽 (gwak))
|槨 (eum 곽 (gwak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quạch
|
|
|槨
|槨
|-
|-
|槪
|槳
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX
|oar; paddle (Classifier: 隻／只 m)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|槪 (eumhun 대개 개 (daegae gae))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tưởng • Hán-Nôm : giưởng • Hán-Nôm : giưỡng • Hán-Nôm : rưởng • Hán-Nôm : rưỡng • Hán-Nôm : rảng • Hán-Nôm : rãng • Hán-Nôm : rẳng • Hán-Nôm : rẵng
|
|
|槪
|槳
|-
|-
|槳
|樁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng
|oar; paddle (Classifier: 隻／只 m)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|槳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : traewng
|-
|樁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng
|wooden pile; stake • pile (large stake driven into the earth or sea-bed for the support of a building) • Classifier for events, deals, legal cases, etc..
|wooden pile; stake • pile (large stake driven into the earth or sea-bed for the support of a building) • Classifier for events, deals, legal cases, etc..
|
|
Line 5,950: Line 7,187:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thung • Hán-Nôm : thủng • Hán-Nôm : thông • Hán-Nôm : thùng • Hán-Nôm : trang
|
|
|樁
|樁
|-
|-
|樊
|樊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ban) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 棥 (OC *ban) + semantic 𠬜.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon
|(literary) fence; hedge • (literary) to fence; to surround with a fence • a surname
|(literary) fence; hedge • (literary) to fence; to surround with a fence • a surname
|
|
Line 5,960: Line 7,199:
|樊 • (beon) · 樊 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen)
|樊 • (beon) · 樊 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phàn • Hán-Nôm : phưng • Hán-Nôm : phiền
|
|
|樊
|樊
|-
|樞
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjo) : semantic 木 + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhu
|door hinge • pivot • center of power
|
|pivot • door
|樞 • (chu, u) · 樞 • (chu, u) (hangeul 추, 우)
|door hinge • pivot • center of power
|Hán-Nôm : xu • Hán-Nôm : su • Hán-Nôm : sù • Hán-Nôm : xô • Hán-Nôm : xù • Hán-Nôm : xũ • Hán-Nôm : khu • Hán-Nôm : xó • Hán-Nôm : xụ
|
|樞
|-
|-
|横
|横
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 木 + phonetic 黄 ().
|
|
|
|
Line 5,970: Line 7,223:
|横 • (hoeng) · 横 • (hoeng) (hangeul 횡, revised hoeng, McCune–Reischauer hoeng, Yale hoyng)
|横 • (hoeng) · 横 • (hoeng) (hangeul 횡, revised hoeng, McCune–Reischauer hoeng, Yale hoyng)
|across
|across
|
|
|
|横
|横
|-
|-
|樵
|樵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzjew
|(literary or Hakka, Min) firewood • to chop firewood; to gather firewood • woodcutter
|(literary or Hakka, Min) firewood • to chop firewood; to gather firewood • woodcutter
|
|
Line 5,980: Line 7,235:
|樵 (eum 초 (cho))
|樵 (eum 초 (cho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiều
|
|
|樵
|樵
|-
|-
|樸
|樸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phok ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phok • Middle-Chinese : phaewk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍h • Middle-Chinese : puwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : buwk
|simple; plain; rough; unpolished • sincere; honest ‖ (archaic) a kind of oak • (archaic) to stick; to adhere ‖ Only used in 樸𠟼／朴𠟼. ‖ ^‡ dense (of trees)
|simple; plain; rough; unpolished • sincere; honest ‖ (archaic) a kind of oak • (archaic) to stick; to adhere ‖ Only used in 樸𠟼／朴𠟼. ‖ ^‡ dense (of trees)
|
|
Line 5,990: Line 7,247:
|樸 • (bok, bak) · 樸 • (bok, bak) (hangeul 복, 박, revised bok, bak, McCune–Reischauer pok, pak, Yale pok, pak)
|樸 • (bok, bak) · 樸 • (bok, bak) (hangeul 복, 박, revised bok, bak, McCune–Reischauer pok, pak, Yale pok, pak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phác • Hán-Nôm : bốc
|
|
|樸
|樸
|-
|-
|樺
|樺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwa (“birch”) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan གྲོ་ག (gro ga, “bark of birch tree”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Middle-Chinese : hwae • Middle-Chinese : hwaeH
|birch
|birch
| ‖ 樺(かば) or 樺(カバ) • (kaba) ‖ 樺(かんば) or 樺(カンバ) • (kanba) ‖ 樺(かにわ) • (kaniwa) ^(←かには (kanifa)?)
| ‖ 樺(かば) or 樺(カバ) • (kaba) ‖ 樺(かんば) or 樺(カンバ) • (kanba) ‖ 樺(かにわ) • (kaniwa) ^(←かには (kanifa)?)
Line 6,000: Line 7,259:
|樺 • (hwa) · 樺 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)
|樺 • (hwa) · 樺 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)
|birch
|birch
|Hán-Nôm : hoa
|
|
|樺
|樺
|-
|-
|樽
|樽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːn) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn). \ Specialised orthographic form of 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn, “zun, a kind of vessel”) that inherited the noun sense for "vessel", as 尊 became chiefly used for the more abstract senses (Duan Yucai's analysis of the Shuowen).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Middle-Chinese : tswon
|(archaic) vessel for alcohol; goblet • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Zhongshan Min) bottle; vase (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) Classifier for bottles.
|(archaic) vessel for alcohol; goblet • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Zhongshan Min) bottle; vase (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) Classifier for bottles.
| ‖ 樽(たる) • (taru) ‖ 樽(そん) • (son)
| ‖ 樽(たる) • (taru) ‖ 樽(そん) • (son)
Line 6,010: Line 7,271:
|樽 (eum 준 (jun))
|樽 (eum 준 (jun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tôn
|
|
|樽
|樽
|-
|-
|橇
|橇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Middle-Chinese : khjew
|
|
| ‖ 橇(そり) • (sori) · 橇(かんじき) • (kanjiki)
| ‖ 橇(そり) • (sori) · 橇(かんじき) • (kanjiki)
Line 6,020: Line 7,283:
|橇 (eum 취 (chwi))
|橇 (eum 취 (chwi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khiêu
|
|
|橇
|橇
|-
|-
|橢
|橢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thò ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thò • Middle-Chinese : thwaX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ
|oval-shaped container • long and narrow; oval-shaped; elliptical ‖ Only used in 科橢／科椭.
|oval-shaped container • long and narrow; oval-shaped; elliptical ‖ Only used in 科橢／科椭.
|
|
Line 6,030: Line 7,295:
|橢 (eum 타 (ta))
|橢 (eum 타 (ta))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thỏa • Hán-Nôm : thoả • Hán-Nôm : thõa • Hán-Nôm : thoã
|
|
|橢
|橢
|-
|-
|檄
|檄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡleːwɢ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi̍k • Middle-Chinese : hek
|
|
| ‖ 檄(げき) • (geki)
| ‖ 檄(げき) • (geki)
Line 6,040: Line 7,307:
|檄 (eum 격 (gyeok))
|檄 (eum 격 (gyeok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hịch
|
|
|檄
|檄
|-
|-
|檔
|檔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g • Middle-Chinese : tang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g
|shelf for files • frame; crosspiece • document • (Cantonese) stall (small open-fronted shop) ‖ (Quanzhou Hokkien) a form of community fundraising done in Quanzhou
|shelf for files • frame; crosspiece • document • (Cantonese) stall (small open-fronted shop) ‖ (Quanzhou Hokkien) a form of community fundraising done in Quanzhou
|
|
Line 6,050: Line 7,319:
|檔 (eum 당 (dang))
|檔 (eum 당 (dang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đang • Hán-Nôm : đướng • Hán-Nôm : đượng • Hán-Nôm : đưỡng • Hán-Nôm : đạng • Hán-Nôm : đóng
|
|
|檔
|檔
|-
|-
|檜
|檜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH • Middle-Chinese : kwat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Middle-Chinese : kwajH
|Chinese juniper ‖ Used in personal names.
|Chinese juniper ‖ Used in personal names.
| ‖ 檜(ひのき) or 檜(ヒノキ) • (hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひのき) • (Hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひ) • (hi)
| ‖ 檜(ひのき) or 檜(ヒノキ) • (hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひのき) • (Hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひ) • (hi)
| ‖ the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ (archaic, or in compounds) the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa
| ‖ Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ (archaic, or in compounds) Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
|檜 • (hoe, gwal) · 檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)
|檜 • (hoe, gwal) · 檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cối
|
|
|檜
|檜
|-
|-
|檳
|檳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pun
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin) : semantic 木 + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pun • Middle-Chinese : pjin
|Used in compounds. • (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 檳城／槟城 (Bīnchéng, “Penang, Malaysia”).
|Used in compounds. • (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 檳城／槟城 (Bīnchéng, “Penang, Malaysia”).
|
|
Line 6,070: Line 7,343:
|檳 • (bin) · 檳 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|檳 • (bin) · 檳 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tân
|
|
|檳
|檳
|-
|-
|檸
|檸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnaːŋʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 寧 (OC *neːŋ). ‖ Contracted form of 吶亨／呐亨.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Middle-Chinese : nraengX ‖  
|Only used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng); also used as its short form. ‖ (Suzhounese) how
|Only used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng); also used as its short form. ‖ (Suzhounese) how
|
|
|
|
|檸 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 녕 (remon ( lemon ) nyeong), South Korea 레몬 (lemon) 영 (remon ( lemon ) yeong))
|檸 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 녕 (remon ( lemon ) nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 레몬 (lemon) 영 (remon ( lemon ) yeong))
|Hanja form of 녕 (“lemon”).
|hanja form of 녕 (“lemon”)
|Hán-Nôm : nịnh
|
|
|檸
|檸
|-
|-
|檻
|檻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇㄦ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). \ Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). \ Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁵ • Middle-Chinese : haemX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇㄦ
|fence • cage (for animal or prisoner) • railing; balustrade • (alt. form 轞／𰺗) prisoner transport cart • Alternative form of 艦／舰 (jiàn, “warship”) ‖ doorsill
|fence • cage (for animal or prisoner) • railing; balustrade • (alt. form 轞／𰺗) prisoner transport cart • Alternative form of 艦／舰 (jiàn, “warship”) ‖ doorsill
| ‖ 檻(おり) • (ori) ^(←をり (wori)?)
| ‖ 檻(おり) • (ori) ^(←をり (wori)?)
Line 6,090: Line 7,367:
|檻 (eum 함 (ham))
|檻 (eum 함 (ham))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giám • Hán-Nôm : hạm • Hán-Nôm : hậm • Hán-Nôm : tràm • Hán-Nôm : cạm
|
|
|檻
|檻
|-
|-
|櫂
|櫂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːwɢs) : semantic 木 + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ). \ Earliest extant attestations are in Chu Ci. \ Possibly from Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Vietic *tʃ-r-ɛːw (whence Vietnamese chèo), an *-r- (instrumental derivative) infixed form of Vietnamese *tʃɛːw, whence Modern Vietnamese xeo (“to lift up with a crowbar; to propel (a boat) with a long pole”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draewH
|(literary) oar • (literary) to row • (literary) boat
|(literary) oar • (literary) to row • (literary) boat
| ‖ 櫂(かい) • (kai) ^(←かひ (kafi)?) ‖ 櫂(かじ) • (kaji) ^(←かぢ (kadi)?)
| ‖ 櫂(かい) • (kai) ^(←かひ (kafi)?) ‖ 櫂(かじ) • (kaji) ^(←かぢ (kadi)?)
Line 6,100: Line 7,379:
|櫂 (eum 도 (do))
|櫂 (eum 도 (do))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trạc • Hán-Nôm : trạo
|
|
|櫂
|櫂
|-
|-
|櫃
|櫃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 木 (“wooden”) + phonetic 匱 (OC *ɡruds, “box”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī • Middle-Chinese : gwijH
|cabinet; cupboard • wardrobe • counter • (Hong Kong, Taiwan) Short for 貨櫃／货柜 (huòguì, “shipping container”).
|cabinet; cupboard • wardrobe • counter • (Hong Kong, Taiwan) Short for 貨櫃／货柜 (huòguì, “shipping container”).
| ‖ 櫃(ひつ) • (hitsu)
| ‖ 櫃(ひつ) • (hitsu)
Line 6,110: Line 7,391:
|櫃 • (gwe) · 櫃 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|櫃 • (gwe) · 櫃 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cũi • Hán-Nôm : quĩ • Hán-Nôm : quầy • Hán-Nôm : quỹ
|
|
|櫃
|櫃
|-
|-
|櫓
|櫓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 魯 (OC *raːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX
|scull • large shield
|scull • large shield
| ‖ 櫓(やぐら) • (yagura)
| ‖ 櫓(やぐら) • (yagura)
| ‖ watchtower, turret
| ‖ watchtower, turret
|櫓 (eumhun 방패 로 (bangpae ro), South Korea 방패 노 (bangpae no))
|櫓 (eumhun 방패 로 (bangpae ro), word-initial (South Korea) 방패 노 (bangpae no))
|Hanja form of 로 (“(North Korea) oar”). • Hanja form of 노 (“(South Korea) oar”).
|hanja form of 로 (“(North Korea) oar”) • hanja form of 노 (“(South Korea) oar”)
|Hán-Nôm : lỗ
|
|
|櫓
|櫓
|-
|-
|櫚
|櫚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ljo
|Used in 棕櫚／棕榈 (zōnglǘ) and 栟櫚／栟榈 (bīnglǘ). • Used in 花櫚／花榈.
|Used in 棕櫚／棕榈 (zōnglǘ) and 栟櫚／栟榈 (bīnglǘ). • Used in 花櫚／花榈.
|
|
Line 6,130: Line 7,415:
|櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lư
|
|
|櫚
|櫚
|-
|-
|櫛
|櫛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriɡ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 節 (OC *ʔsiːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : tsrit
|comb • to comb out • to weed out; to eliminate
|comb • to comb out • to weed out; to eliminate
| ‖ 櫛(くし) • (kushi)
| ‖ 櫛(くし) • (kushi)
Line 6,140: Line 7,427:
|櫛 (eum 즐 (jeul))
|櫛 (eum 즐 (jeul))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trất
|
|
|櫛
|櫛
|-
|-
|櫝
|櫝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Compare Khmer ទូ (tuu), Lao ຕູ້ (tū), Thai ตู้ (dtûu), Vietnamese tủ.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwk
|box; case; casket • cabinet; wardrobe • closet
|box; case; casket • cabinet; wardrobe • closet
|
|
Line 6,150: Line 7,439:
|櫝 (eum 독 (dok))
|櫝 (eum 독 (dok))
|box • coffin
|box • coffin
|Hán-Nôm : độc
|
|
|櫝
|櫝
|-
|-
|櫥
|櫥
|From 廚 (OC *do).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû
|cabinet; wardrobe; cupboard
|cabinet; wardrobe; cupboard
Line 6,160: Line 7,451:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trù
|
|
|櫥
|櫥
|-
|櫻
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang
|cherry (Classifier: 棵 m; 樖 c; 叢／丛 mn)
| ‖ 櫻(さくら) • (Sakura)
|Kyūjitai form of 桜 ‖ a female given name • a surname
|櫻 • (aeng) · 櫻 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng, Yale ayng)
|
|Hán-Nôm : anh
|
|櫻
|-
|-
|欖
|欖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ná • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ). \ See 橄欖／橄榄 (gǎnlǎn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ná • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lamX
|(in compounds or dialectal) olive
|(in compounds or dialectal) olive
|
|
Line 6,170: Line 7,475:
|欖 • (ram>nam) · 欖 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|欖 • (ram>nam) · 欖 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lãm
|
|
|欖
|欖
|-
|-
|欧
|欧
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 欧(おう) • (ō) ‖ 欧(おう) • (Ō)
| ‖ 欧(おう) • (ō) ‖ 欧(おう) • (Ō)
|Europe ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”). ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”).
|Europe ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”). ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,184: Line 7,492:
|-
|-
|欽
|欽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim • Middle-Chinese : khim
|to respect; to admire; to venerate • respectful • by the emperor personally • (obsolete) bent; twisted • a surname
|to respect; to admire; to venerate • respectful • by the emperor personally • (obsolete) bent; twisted • a surname
|
|
Line 6,190: Line 7,499:
|欽 • (heum) · 欽 • (heum) (hangeul 흠, revised heum, McCune–Reischauer hŭm, Yale hum)
|欽 • (heum) · 欽 • (heum) (hangeul 흠, revised heum, McCune–Reischauer hŭm, Yale hum)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khâm • Hán-Nôm : khom
|
|
|欽
|欽
|-
|-
|歎
|歎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan³ • Middle-Chinese : thanH
|Alternative form of 嘆 (tàn, “to sigh; to chant; to praise”) • one of 24 literary genres from the Zhou dynasty • a surname.
|Alternative form of 嘆 (tàn, “to sigh; to chant; to praise”) • one of 24 literary genres from the Zhou dynasty • a surname.
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
|歎 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan))
|歎 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan))
|Hanja form of 탄 (“sigh”).
|hanja form of 탄 (“sigh”)
|canonical : 歎: Hán Việt readings: thán 歎: Nôm readings: than • canonical : thăn
|
|
|歎
|歎
|-
|歐
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw
|Short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā, “Europe”). • Short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”). • Short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”). • Short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”). • Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”) • Alternative form of 毆／殴 (ōu, “to beat; to strike”) • a surname
|
|Europe
|歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu))
|hanja form of 구 (“Europe”)
|Hán-Nôm : âu
|
|歐
|-
|-
|歟
|歟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 欠. \ ; question particle
|used for expressing an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Middle-Chinese : yo • Middle-Chinese : yoX • Middle-Chinese : yoH
|Sentence-final particle used to express an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
|歟 (eum 여 (yeo))
|歟 (eum 여 (yeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ru
|
|
|歟
|歟
|-
|-
|歿
|歿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːd) : semantic 歹 (“death”) + abbreviated phonetic 沒 (OC *mɯːd)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwot
|(literary) to die • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to sink • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to have no
|(literary) to die • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to sink • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to have no
| ‖ 歿(ぼつ) • (-botsu)
| ‖ 歿(ぼつ) • (-botsu)
|to die ‖ died in
|to die ‖ died in
|歿 • (mol) · 歿 • (mol) (hangeul 몰, revised mol, McCune–Reischauer mol, Yale mol)
|歿 • (mol) · 歿 • (mol) (hangeul 몰, revised mol, McCune–Reischauer mol, Yale mol)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,224: Line 7,552:
|-
|-
|残
|残
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan) ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan)
| ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan) ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan)
| ‖ the remainder; leftover; residue ‖ remain, remaining • damage, damaged, defective • cruel
| ‖ the remainder; leftover; residue ‖ remain, remaining • damage, damaged, defective • cruel
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,234: Line 7,564:
|-
|-
|殤
|殤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Middle-Chinese : syang
|(literary) to die young; to die whilst a child • (literary) a person who has died young • (literary) mourning for such a death • (literary) to die in battle • (literary) a person who has died in battle
|(literary) to die young; to die whilst a child • (literary) a person who has died young • (literary) mourning for such a death • (literary) to die in battle • (literary) a person who has died in battle
|
|
Line 6,240: Line 7,571:
|殤 (eum 상 (sang))
|殤 (eum 상 (sang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thương
|
|
|殤
|殤
|-
|-
|殮
|殮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljemH
|to put a dead body into a coffin
|to put a dead body into a coffin
|
|
Line 6,250: Line 7,583:
|殮 • (ryeom>yeom) · 殮 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|殮 • (ryeom>yeom) · 殮 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liệm • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : lịm
|
|
|殮
|殮
|-
|-
|殯
|殯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pins) : semantic 歹 + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjinH
|to lay a coffin in a memorial hall; to encoffin a corpse • to carry the body to the bury place or crematorium; to carry to burial • prepared, but not buried corpse
|to lay a coffin in a memorial hall; to encoffin a corpse • to carry the body to the bury place or crematorium; to carry to burial • prepared, but not buried corpse
|
|
Line 6,260: Line 7,595:
|殯 (eum 빈 (bin))
|殯 (eum 빈 (bin))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tấn
|
|
|殯
|殯
|-
|-
|殲
|殲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsem) : semantic 歹 + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Middle-Chinese : tsjem
|to annihilate; to wipe out; to kill off; to destroy
|to annihilate; to wipe out; to kill off; to destroy
|
|
|annihilate, eradicate, wipe out
|annihilate, eradicate, wipe out
|殲 (eumhun 다죽일 섬 (dajugil seom))
|殲 (eumhun 다죽일 섬 (dajugil seom))
|Hanja form of 섬 (“annihilation”).
|hanja form of 섬 (“annihilation”)
|canonical : 殲: Hán Việt readings: tiêm 殲: Nôm readings: tiêm
|
|
|殲
|殲
|-
|-
|殴
|殴
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|to hit
|to hit
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|殴
|殴
|-
|殼
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰroːɡ) : semantic 几 + phonetic 𣪊 (). Originally written as 㱿 (què), see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khok • Middle-Chinese : khaewk
|shell; husk; hull; skin; casing • (Cantonese) ladle
|
|husk; shell
|殼 (eumhun 껍질 각 (kkeopjil gak))
|hanja form of 각 (“shell; husk; hull; skin; casing”)
|Hán-Nôm : xác • Hán-Nôm : nôi
|
|殼
|-
|-
|毁
|毁
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,292: Line 7,646:
|
|
|毁
|毁
|-
|毆
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 殳 (“action”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 殳 (“action”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Middle-Chinese : 'uwX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : au³
|to beat; to fight with fists; to hit; to strike; to brawl • a surname ‖ (Cantonese) to beat; to hit
|
|
|毆 (eum 구 (gu))
|
|Hán-Nôm : ẩu
|
|毆
|-
|-
|毋
|毋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̄
|Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ In the oracle bone script, 母 (“mother”) was borrowed to represent this character. It was later specialized to distinguish it from “mother”, replacing the two dots with one stroke. \ Cognate with 無 (OC *ma, “to not have”). Already in Zhou time, phonetically confused with and read like 無 (OC *ma). \ Cognate with 唔 in Cantonese, Teochew and Hakka.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̄ • Middle-Chinese : mju
|(literary) do not, don't • (literary or Hakka, Hokkien) not • (literary) Alternative form of 無／无 (“to not have”) • a surname
|(literary) do not, don't • (literary or Hakka, Hokkien) not • (literary) Alternative form of 無／无 (“to not have”) • a surname
|
|
Line 6,300: Line 7,667:
|毋 • (mu) · 毋 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|毋 • (mu) · 毋 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|do not • not • surname • rad. 80
|do not • not • surname • rad. 80
|canonical : 毋: Hán Việt readings: vô
|chữ Hán form of vô (“don't, no need”).
|chữ Hán form of vô (“don't, no need”).
|毋
|毋
|-
|-
|毓
|毓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k
|Pictogram (象形) : 每 + 㐬 – a woman giving birth. A woman 每 squatting on left, with child head down on right 㐬. The top part of 㐬 is 子 inverted, an abstracted body with a head at the bottom; compare 充. The lines (川) below head are amniotic fluid coming out. \ A later alternative form is 育. \ Alternately considered a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *luɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 每 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠫓 (, “child”) + semantic 川 (“amniotic fluid”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Middle-Chinese : yuwk
|(formal) to give birth; to procreate; to foster; to rear; to bring up • a surname
|(formal) to give birth; to procreate; to foster; to rear; to bring up • a surname
|
|
Line 6,310: Line 7,679:
|毓 (eum 육 (yuk))
|毓 (eum 육 (yuk))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dục
|
|
|毓
|毓
|-
|-
|毗
|毗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bi) : semantic 囟 + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Middle-Chinese : bjij
|
|
|
|
Line 6,320: Line 7,691:
|毗 (eum 비 (bi))
|毗 (eum 비 (bi))
|help, assist • connect, adjoin
|help, assist • connect, adjoin
|Hán-Nôm : tì
|
|
|毗
|毗
|-
|-
|毽
|毽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiàn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³⁻²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 毛 (“feather”) + phonetic 建. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiàn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³⁻²
|shuttlecock used in jianzi sport ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燕 (jin³⁻², “shuttlecock used in jianzi sport”)
|shuttlecock used in jianzi sport ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燕 (jin³⁻², “shuttlecock used in jianzi sport”)
|
|
Line 6,330: Line 7,703:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiện
|
|
|毽
|毽
|-
|-
|氐
|氐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : te ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ
|Pictogram (象形) : 氏 (“(bowing figure)”) + 一 – as with 氏, but with an empty circle (then a line, today either a line or a point) underneath: a bowing figure standing on the ground or depicted while lifting something from the ground. ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : te • Middle-Chinese : tej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Middle-Chinese : trij
|Di (ethnic group) • (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Root (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions) • Original form of 低 (dī, “to lower; to bow”). • Original form of 低 (dī, “cheap; inexpensive”). ‖ (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “root of a tree”). • (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “basis; fundamental”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to reach; to arrive”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to match; to be equal to”). ‖ Only used in 氐池 (“an ancient county”).
|Di (ethnic group) • (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Root (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions) • Original form of 低 (dī, “to lower; to bow”). • Original form of 低 (dī, “cheap; inexpensive”). ‖ (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “root of a tree”). • (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “basis; fundamental”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to reach; to arrive”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to match; to be equal to”). ‖ Only used in 氐池 (“an ancient county”).
| ‖ 氐(てい) • (Tei)
| ‖ 氐(てい) • (Tei)
Line 6,340: Line 7,715:
|氐 (eum 저 (jeo))
|氐 (eum 저 (jeo))
|foundation; basis; origin
|foundation; basis; origin
|Hán-Nôm : đê
|
|
|氐
|氐
|-
|-
|氖
|氖
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 乃.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nái
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nái
|(chemistry) neon
|(chemistry) neon
Line 6,349: Line 7,726:
|
|
|氖 • (nae) · 氖 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay)
|氖 • (nae) · 氖 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,354: Line 7,732:
|-
|-
|氟
|氟
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 弗. \ From earlier 弗氣／弗气, 弗素, which is probably an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 弗素, where 弗(ふつ) (futsu) was used phonetically.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu̍t
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu̍t
|(chemistry) fluorine
|(chemistry) fluorine
Line 6,359: Line 7,738:
|fluorine
|fluorine
|氟 • (bul) · 氟 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul)
|氟 • (bul) · 氟 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,364: Line 7,744:
|-
|-
|氤
|氤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jin
|(literary) misty and heavy atmosphere • Only used in 氤氳／氤氲 (yīnyūn).
|(literary) misty and heavy atmosphere • Only used in 氤氳／氤氲 (yīnyūn).
|
|
Line 6,370: Line 7,751:
|氤 (eum 인 (in))
|氤 (eum 인 (in))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhân
|
|
|氤
|氤
|-
|-
|氦
|氦
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 亥 (hài). \ Borrowed from New Latin helium.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi
|(chemistry) helium
|(chemistry) helium
Line 6,380: Line 7,763:
|氦 • (hae) · 氦 • (hae) (hangeul 해)
|氦 • (hae) · 氦 • (hae) (hangeul 해)
|helium
|helium
|
|
|
|氦
|氦
|-
|-
|氫
|氫
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 气 (“air; gas”) + abbreviated phonetic 輕 (qīng, “light; of low density”). \ From 輕／轻 (qīng, “light; of low density”) in 輕氣／轻气 [19th c.]. So named as hydrogen gas is lighter than air.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khin
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khin
|(chemistry) hydrogen • hydrogen gas
|(chemistry) hydrogen • hydrogen gas
Line 6,390: Line 7,775:
|氫 • (gyeong) · 氫 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|氫 • (gyeong) · 氫 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khinh
|
|
|氫
|氫
|-
|-
|氷
|氷
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,399: Line 7,786:
| ‖ ice (frozen water) • a cold and sharp object, as a shard of ice • Short for 氷水 (kōrimizu): ice water; water filled with ice • Short for 氷襲 (kōrigasane): layered clothing with the front shining white and plain white at the back ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ ice (frozen water) • hail (precipitated ice) ‖ ice • freeze, congeal • icy, cold
| ‖ ice (frozen water) • a cold and sharp object, as a shard of ice • Short for 氷水 (kōrimizu): ice water; water filled with ice • Short for 氷襲 (kōrigasane): layered clothing with the front shining white and plain white at the back ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ ice (frozen water) • hail (precipitated ice) ‖ ice • freeze, congeal • icy, cold
|氷 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing))
|氷 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing))
|Hanja form of 빙 (“ice”).
|hanja form of 빙 (“ice”)
|Hán-Nôm : băng
|
|
|氷
|氷
|-
|-
|汀
|汀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Middle-Chinese : theng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : thengH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ
|islet; shore, sandbar, shoal, sandbank ‖ Only used in 汀瀅. ‖ Only used in 汀濘.
|islet; shore, sandbar, shoal, sandbank ‖ Only used in 汀瀅. ‖ Only used in 汀濘.
| ‖  
| ‖  
|beach, shore, water's edge ‖  
|beach, shore, water's edge ‖  
|汀 (eumhun 물가 정 (mulga jeong))
|汀 (eumhun 물가 정 (mulga jeong))
|Hanja form of 정 (“shore”).
|hanja form of 정 (“shore”)
|Hán-Nôm : đênh • Hán-Nôm : đinh • Hán-Nôm : thinh
|
|
|汀
|汀
|-
|-
|汐
|汐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ). \ From 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening”). Compare 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide; tide”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Middle-Chinese : zjek
|evening tide; night tides; ebb
|evening tide; night tides; ebb
|
|
|eventide • tide • salt water • opportunity
|eventide • tide • salt water • opportunity
|汐 (eumhun 조수 석 (josu seok))
|汐 (eumhun 조수 석 (josu seok))
|Hanja form of 석 (“night tides”).
|hanja form of 석 (“night tides”)
|Hán-Nôm : tách • Hán-Nôm : tịch
|
|
|汐
|汐
|-
|-
|汕
|汕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suànn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːnʔ, *sraːns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suànn • Middle-Chinese : sreanX • Middle-Chinese : sraenH
|(of fish) moving • basket for catching fish • to catch fish • to rinse • Short for 汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu).
|(of fish) moving • basket for catching fish • to catch fish • to rinse • Short for 汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu).
|
|
Line 6,430: Line 7,823:
|汕 • (san) · 汕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|汕 • (san) · 汕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sươn • Hán-Nôm : sán • Hán-Nôm : sớn
|
|
|汕
|汕
|-
|-
|汚
|汚
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,439: Line 7,834:
|dirty • pollute • disgrace • rape • defile ‖ dirty
|dirty • pollute • disgrace • rape • defile ‖ dirty
|汚 (eumhun 더러울 오 (deoreoul o))
|汚 (eumhun 더러울 오 (deoreoul o))
|Hanja form of 오 (“dirty”).
|hanja form of 오 (“dirty”)
|Hán-Nôm : ô • Hán-Nôm : ố
|
|
|汚
|汚
|-
|-
|污
|污
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,450: Line 7,847:
|污 • (o) · 污 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|污 • (o) · 污 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ô • Hán-Nôm : ố
|
|
|污
|污
|-
|-
|汲
|汲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khip
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯb) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khip • Middle-Chinese : kip
|to draw water from a well • Used in 汲取 (jíqǔ, “to draw (from a lesson, experience, etc.)”). • (obsolete) to guide; to assist • (obsolete) to nominate; to recommend a person • Used in 汲汲 (jíjí). • a surname
|to draw water from a well • Used in 汲取 (jíqǔ, “to draw (from a lesson, experience, etc.)”). • (obsolete) to guide; to assist • (obsolete) to nominate; to recommend a person • Used in 汲汲 (jíjí). • a surname
|
|
Line 6,460: Line 7,859:
|汲 • (geup) · 汲 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune–Reischauer kŭp, Yale kup)
|汲 • (geup) · 汲 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune–Reischauer kŭp, Yale kup)
|to draw water from a well
|to draw water from a well
|canonical : 汲: Hán Việt readings: cấp 汲: Nôm readings: ngập • canonical : bập • canonical : gập
|
|
|汲
|汲
|-
|-
|汾
|汾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯn) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn • Middle-Chinese : bjun
|(～河) river in Shanxi province
|(～河) river in Shanxi province
|
|
Line 6,470: Line 7,871:
|汾 • (bun) · 汾 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun)
|汾 • (bun) · 汾 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phần
|
|
|汾
|汾
|-
|-
|沅
|沅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guân ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋon) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon). ‖ Simplified from 源 (原 → 元).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guân • Middle-Chinese : ngjwon ‖  
|(～江) Yuan River in Hunan province • (～州) name of prefecture during the reign of Wu Zetian ‖  
|(～江) Yuan River in Hunan province • (～州) name of prefecture during the reign of Wu Zetian ‖  
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,484: Line 7,888:
|-
|-
|沉
|沉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : têm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām
|Variant of 沈, see there for more. \ MSEA areal etymon: similar words exist in Austroasiatic, Kra-Dai, & Tibeto-Burman; yet those are difficult to match with potential OC relations (Schuessler, 2007). \ Possible allofams are 淫 (OC *lɯm), 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ), 函 (OC *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm), & 湛 (OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) (ibid.).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : têm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām • Middle-Chinese : drim
|to sink; to submerge (into water) • to fall; to sink; to subside • to settle; to make sink • to suppress; to stifle; to neglect • to be neglected • to indulge in; to be given to • to hide; to be hidden • heavy; weighty • dark; gloomy • deep; profound • long (duration); prolonged; lengthy • deeply; profoundly • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 浸 (zam6, “to drown”)
|to sink; to submerge (into water) • to fall; to sink; to subside • to settle; to make sink • to suppress; to stifle; to neglect • to be neglected • to indulge in; to be given to • to hide; to be hidden • heavy; weighty • dark; gloomy • deep; profound • long (duration); prolonged; lengthy • deeply; profoundly • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 浸 (zam6, “to drown”)
|
|
Line 6,490: Line 7,895:
|沉 • (chim, sim) · 沉 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, sim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim)
|沉 • (chim, sim) · 沉 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, sim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tròm • Hán-Nôm : chằm • Hán-Nôm : chìm • Hán-Nôm : đắm • Hán-Nôm : đẫm • Hán-Nôm : ngằm • Hán-Nôm : ngầm • Hán-Nôm : trằm • Hán-Nôm : trầm • Hán-Nôm : đẵm
|
|
|沉
|沉
|-
|-
|沌
|沌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn • Middle-Chinese : dwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ • Middle-Chinese : drjwenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Middle-Chinese : dwon
|benighted; ignorant • disorderly; chaotic ‖ (～河) Zhuan River (a river in Hubei) • Used in 沌口 (“name of an ancient county”). ‖ (of waves) billowing
|benighted; ignorant • disorderly; chaotic ‖ (～河) Zhuan River (a river in Hubei) • Used in 沌口 (“name of an ancient county”). ‖ (of waves) billowing
|
|
|primeval chaos
|primeval chaos
|沌 (eumhun 엉길 돈 (eonggil don))
|沌 (eumhun 엉길 돈 (eonggil don))
|Hanja form of 돈 (“disorderly; chaotic”).
|hanja form of 돈 (“disorderly; chaotic”)
|Hán-Nôm : xộn
|
|
|沌
|沌
|-
|-
|没
|没
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,510: Line 7,919:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 没: Hán Việt readings: một 没: Nôm readings: mốt • canonical : một ‖ romanization : một ‖ romanization : mốt
| ‖ Nôm form of một (“one”). ‖ Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”).
| ‖ Nôm form of một (“one”). ‖ Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”).
|没
|没
|-
|-
|沱
|沱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl) ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : daX
|(dialectal) small bay in a river (also used in place names) • (～江) Tuojiang; Tuo River • tearful; wailing • rainy ‖ Used in compounds.
|(dialectal) small bay in a river (also used in place names) • (～江) Tuojiang; Tuo River • tearful; wailing • rainy ‖ Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 6,520: Line 7,931:
|沱 • (ta) · 沱 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|沱 • (ta) · 沱 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|
|
|canonical : 沱: Hán Việt readings: đà 沱: Nôm readings: đà • canonical : đờ • canonical : đừ
|chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Black/Da River, a river in Vietnam”). • chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Tuo River in Sichuan or the river of the same name in Hunan”).
|chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Black/Da River, a river in Vietnam”). • chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Tuo River in Sichuan or the river of the same name in Hunan”).
|沱
|沱
|-
|-
|泅
|泅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lju) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 囚 (OC *lju). \ Possibly a dialectal variant of 游 (OC *lu, “to swim”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû • Middle-Chinese : zjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ
|to swim; to float; to wade ‖ Alternative form of 攸 (yōu, “(of water) flowing”)
|to swim; to float; to wade ‖ Alternative form of 攸 (yōu, “(of water) flowing”)
|
|
Line 6,530: Line 7,943:
|泅 (eum 쉬 (swi))
|泅 (eum 쉬 (swi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tù
|
|
|泅
|泅
|-
|-
|泓
|泓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wang⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷrɯːŋ) : 水 (“water”) + phonetic 弘 (OC *ɡʷɯːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wang⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'weang
|(of water) deep • Classifier for bodies of clear water.
|(of water) deep • Classifier for bodies of clear water.
|
|
Line 6,540: Line 7,955:
|泓 (eum 홍 (hong))
|泓 (eum 홍 (hong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hoằng
|
|
|泓
|泓
|-
|-
|泗
|泗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sei³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljids) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 四 (OC *hljids).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sei³ • Middle-Chinese : sijH
|(literary) nasal mucus • sniffle • Si River (a river in Shandong, China)
|(literary) nasal mucus • sniffle • Si River (a river in Shandong, China)
|
|
Line 6,550: Line 7,967:
|泗 (eum 사 (sa))
|泗 (eum 사 (sa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tứa
|
|
|泗
|泗
|-
|-
|泱
|泱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iang • Middle-Chinese : 'jang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'angX
|(literary) vast; broad; deep; great; boundless • (literary, of clouds or water) rising; surging; rushing; momentous ‖ Used in compounds.
|(literary) vast; broad; deep; great; boundless • (literary, of clouds or water) rising; surging; rushing; momentous ‖ Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 6,560: Line 7,979:
|泱 (eum 앙 (ang))
|泱 (eum 앙 (ang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ương
|
|
|泱
|泱
|-
|-
|洱
|洱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯʔ, *njɯs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 耳 (OC *njɯʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nyiX • Middle-Chinese : nyiH
|
|
|
|
Line 6,570: Line 7,991:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhĩ
|
|
|洱
|洱
|-
|-
|洶
|洶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Middle-Chinese : xjowng • Middle-Chinese : xjowngX
|(of waves) turbulent; tempestuous • roaring; uproarious
|(of waves) turbulent; tempestuous • roaring; uproarious
|
|
Line 6,580: Line 8,003:
|洶 (eum 흉 (hyung))
|洶 (eum 흉 (hyung))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : húng
|
|
|洶
|洶
|-
|-
|浅
|浅
|Simplified from 淺 (戔 → 戋)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|shallow • superficial • frivolous • wretched • shameful
|shallow • superficial • frivolous • wretched • shameful
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,594: Line 8,020:
|-
|-
|浚
|浚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sluns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 夋 (OC *sʰlun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sluns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 夋 (OC *sʰlun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH
|(alt. form 濬) to dredge; to deepen; dig deep (a waterway, well, etc.) • to dredge; to unearth • to extract; to exploit • (alt. form 濬) deep; profound ‖ Used in place names.
|(alt. form 濬) to dredge; to deepen; dig deep (a waterway, well, etc.) • to dredge; to unearth • to extract; to exploit • (alt. form 濬) deep; profound ‖ Used in place names.
|
|
Line 6,600: Line 8,027:
|浚 • (jun) · 浚 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|浚 • (jun) · 浚 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuấn
|
|
|浚
|浚
|-
|-
|浬
|浬
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² lei⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² lei⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ
|(dated) nautical mile ‖ Only used in 泥浬.
|(dated) nautical mile ‖ Only used in 泥浬.
Line 6,610: Line 8,039:
|浬 • (ri>i) · 浬 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|浬 • (ri>i) · 浬 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : rí • Hán-Nôm : lí
|
|
|浬
|浬
|-
|-
|涇
|涇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khēng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡeŋʔ, *keːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khēng • Middle-Chinese : keng • Middle-Chinese : gjiengX
|the Jing River (China)
|the Jing River (China)
|
|
Line 6,620: Line 8,051:
|涇 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|涇 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kinh • Hán-Nôm : kênh • Hán-Nôm : kính
|
|
|涇
|涇
|-
|-
|涌
|涌
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹
|(Cantonese) small river (often in place names)
|(Cantonese) small river (often in place names)
Line 6,630: Line 8,063:
|涌 • (yong) · 涌 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|涌 • (yong) · 涌 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũng • Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : dòng
|
|
|涌
|涌
|-
|-
|涎
|涎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljan, *lans) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 延 (OC *lan, *lans). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Chug har (“phlegm”), Lish hahal (“phlegm”), Rupa Sherdukpen nəkʰɔ̃ː (“phlegm”), Japhug tɯɴɢar (“sputum”) (Bodt, 2021). Schuessler (2007), who reconstructs the Old Chinese minimally as *(s-)lan, compares it to Tibetan ཟླན (zlan, “moisture”). \ Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) relates it to Thai น้ำลาย (náam-laai), which is derived from Proto-Tai *laːjᴬ (“saliva”). \ Possibly related to 羨 (OC *ljans, “to envy”) (Wang, 1982; also cf. Baxter and Sagart, 2014). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : zjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : yenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ
|saliva ‖ Only used in 湎涎. ‖ Only used in 涎涎.
|saliva ‖ Only used in 湎涎. ‖ Only used in 涎涎.
| ‖ 涎(よだり) • (yodari) ‖ 涎(よだれ) • (yodare)
| ‖ 涎(よだり) • (yodari) ‖ 涎(よだれ) • (yodare)
Line 6,640: Line 8,075:
|涎 (eum 연 (yeon))
|涎 (eum 연 (yeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diên • Hán-Nôm : nhiện
|
|
|涎
|涎
|-
|-
|涓
|涓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwen
|(literary) brook; stream • (literary) tiny; negligible • (literary) to choose; to select • (literary) to clean; to clear
|(literary) brook; stream • (literary) tiny; negligible • (literary) to choose; to select • (literary) to clean; to clear
|
|
Line 6,650: Line 8,087:
|涓 • (yeon) · 涓 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|涓 • (yeon) · 涓 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quen • Hán-Nôm : quên • Hán-Nôm : quyên
|
|
|涓
|涓
|-
|-
|涸
|涸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khok
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 固 (OC *kaːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khok • Middle-Chinese : hak
|(of bodies of water) dry • (of bodies of water) to dry up
|(of bodies of water) dry • (of bodies of water) to dry up
|
|
Line 6,660: Line 8,099:
|涸 (eum 후 (hu)) · 涸 (eum 학 (hak))
|涸 (eum 후 (hu)) · 涸 (eum 학 (hak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hạt
|
|
|涸
|涸
|-
|-
|淄
|淄
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|Zi River, a river in Shandong province
|Zi River, a river in Shandong province
Line 6,670: Line 8,111:
|淄 (eum 치 (chi))
|淄 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuy • Hán-Nôm : truy
|
|
|淄
|淄
|-
|-
|淅
|淅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *seːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 析 (OC *seːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Middle-Chinese : sek
|(formal) to wash rice • a surname
|(formal) to wash rice • a surname
|
|
Line 6,680: Line 8,123:
|淅 (eum 석 (seok))
|淅 (eum 석 (seok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tích
|
|
|淅
|淅
|-
|-
|淇
|淇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gi
|(～水) The name of a river that originates in Henan. • (～河, ～水) The name of a branch of the Hai River. • (～河) The name of a branch of the Han River. • (～縣) Qi County, Hebi, Henan Province
|(～水) The name of a river that originates in Henan. • (～河, ～水) The name of a branch of the Hai River. • (～河) The name of a branch of the Han River. • (～縣) Qi County, Hebi, Henan Province
|
|
Line 6,690: Line 8,135:
|淇 • (gi) · 淇 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|淇 • (gi) · 淇 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kì
|
|
|淇
|淇
|-
|-
|淒
|淒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshē
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshej ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshē
|chilly; cold; frigid • (alt. form 悽) miserable; sorrowful; sad ‖ (Hokkien) to go downhill; to decline; to be on the wane • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to suspend
|chilly; cold; frigid • (alt. form 悽) miserable; sorrowful; sad ‖ (Hokkien) to go downhill; to decline; to be on the wane • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to suspend
|
|
Line 6,700: Line 8,147:
|淒 • (cheo) · 淒 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che)
|淒 • (cheo) · 淒 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thê
|
|
|淒
|淒
|-
|-
|淙
|淙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zuːŋ, *sruːŋs, *zuːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thong • Middle-Chinese : dzowng • Middle-Chinese : dzraewng • Middle-Chinese : sraewngH
|gurgling sound of water
|gurgling sound of water
|
|
Line 6,710: Line 8,159:
|淙 (eum 종 (jong))
|淙 (eum 종 (jong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tong • Hán-Nôm : tông
|
|
|淙
|淙
|-
|-
|淞
|淞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Middle-Chinese : zjowng • Middle-Chinese : sjowng
|
|
|
|
|
|
|淞 • (song) · 淞 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)
|淞 • (song) · 淞 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,724: Line 8,176:
|-
|-
|淪
|淪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *run) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).
|to sink (into ruin), decline, fall • to be lost • to sink, be submerged • (of water) small waves
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Middle-Chinese : lwin
|ripple; small waves • to sink; to become submerged; to be engulfed • to sink (into ruin); to decline; to fall • to be lost; to disappear; to become nothing
|
|
|ripples • sink
|ripples • sink
|淪 • (ryun>yun, non) · 淪 • (ryun>yun, non) (hangeul 륜>윤, 논, revised ryun>yun, non, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, non, Yale lyun>yun, non)
|淪 • (ryun>yun, non) · 淪 • (ryun>yun, non) (hangeul 륜>윤, 논, revised ryun>yun, non, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, non, Yale lyun>yun, non)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lún
|
|
|淪
|淪
|-
|-
|淵
|淵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian
|Originally 𣶒 in oracle bone script; Pictogram (象形) of a basin with water. Bronze inscriptions added vertical strokes resembling riverbanks around the character, and the semantic component 氵.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'wen
|abyss; deep water • deep; profound • a surname
|abyss; deep water • deep; profound • a surname
|
|
|abyss • edge • deep pool
|abyss • edge • deep pool
|淵 (eumhun 못 연 (mot yeon))
|淵 (eumhun 못 연 (mot yeon))
|Hanja form of 연 (“abyss”).
|hanja form of 연 (“abyss”)
|Hán-Nôm : uyên
|
|
|淵
|淵
|-
|-
|渙
|渙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : xwajH • Middle-Chinese : xwanH
|to dissipate; to dissolve • (literary) to issue imperial edicts • (literary) overflowing; brimming • 59th hexagram of the I Ching
|to dissipate; to dissolve • (literary) to issue imperial edicts • (literary) overflowing; brimming • 59th hexagram of the I Ching
|
|
Line 6,750: Line 8,207:
|渙 (eum 환 (hwan))
|渙 (eum 환 (hwan))
|scatter • scattered, dispersed
|scatter • scattered, dispersed
|Hán-Nôm : hoán
|
|
|渙
|渙
|-
|-
|渚
|渚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : tsyoX
|islet; small landmass in water • waterside; beach
|islet; small landmass in water • waterside; beach
| ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (nagisa) ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (Nagisa) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (Migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?)
| ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (nagisa) ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (Nagisa) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (Migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?)
|strand, beach, shore ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a place name • a surname • a male or female given name ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a female given name
|strand, beach, shore ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a place name • a surname • a male or female given name ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a female given name
|渚 (eumhun 물가 저 (mulga jeo))
|渚 (eumhun 물가 저 (mulga jeo))
|Hanja form of 저 (“shore”).
|hanja form of 저 (“shore”)
|Hán-Nôm : chã
|
|
|渚
|渚
|-
|-
|渥
|渥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ok ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ok • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak
|(literary) to moisten; to soak • (literary) deep; rich; strong; thick • (archaic) glossy; dyed • (literary) to enrich ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 沃
|(literary) to moisten; to soak • (literary) deep; rich; strong; thick • (archaic) glossy; dyed • (literary) to enrich ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 沃
|
|
Line 6,770: Line 8,231:
|渥 (eum 악 (ak))
|渥 (eum 악 (ak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ốc
|
|
|渥
|渥
|-
|-
|渭
|渭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuds) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 胃 (OC *ɢuds)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uī • Middle-Chinese : hjw+jH
|(～河) the Wei River
|(～河) the Wei River
|
|
Line 6,780: Line 8,243:
|渭 • (wi) · 渭 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|渭 • (wi) · 渭 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vây • Hán-Nôm : vấy • Hán-Nôm : vị • Hán-Nôm : vơi • Hán-Nôm : vời
|
|
|渭
|渭
|-
|-
|渾
|渾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan²
|Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn • Middle-Chinese : hwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan²
|(obsolete) sound of spouting water • muddy; turbid • foolish; stupid • simple and natural; unsophisticated • whole; complete • (literary) totally • (literary) still • name of several rivers • Short for 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún). • a surname ‖ large • to mix; to muddle • simple; plain • pure • Short for 渾天／浑天. • Short for 渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí). ‖ Only used in 渾渾／浑浑 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”). • to fall
|(obsolete) sound of spouting water • muddy; turbid • foolish; stupid • simple and natural; unsophisticated • whole; complete • (literary) totally • (literary) still • name of several rivers • Short for 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún). • a surname ‖ large • to mix; to muddle • simple; plain • pure • Short for 渾天／浑天. • Short for 渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí). ‖ Only used in 渾渾／浑浑 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”). • to fall
|
|
Line 6,790: Line 8,255:
|渾 • (hon) · 渾 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon)
|渾 • (hon) · 渾 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon)
|muddy, turbid • blend, merge, mix
|muddy, turbid • blend, merge, mix
|Hán-Nôm : hồn • Hán-Nôm : hỗn
|
|
|渾
|渾
|-
|-
|湊
|湊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshòo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰoːs) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 奏 (OC *ʔsoːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshòo • Middle-Chinese : tshuwH
|to gather together; to assemble • to approach; to come closer; to draw near • to be close; to be near • to happen by chance • (Cantonese) to look after; to babysit
|to gather together; to assemble • to approach; to come closer; to draw near • to be close; to be near • to happen by chance • (Cantonese) to look after; to babysit
| ‖ 湊(みなと) • (Minato)
| ‖ 湊(みなと) • (Minato)
Line 6,800: Line 8,267:
|湊 (eum 주 (ju))
|湊 (eum 주 (ju))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tấu
|
|
|湊
|湊
|-
|-
|湍
|湍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰoːn, *tjon) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuan • Middle-Chinese : thwan • Middle-Chinese : tsywen
|
|
|
|
Line 6,810: Line 8,279:
|湍 (eum 단 (dan))
|湍 (eum 단 (dan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : suyền • Hán-Nôm : đoan • Hán-Nôm : thoan • Hán-Nôm : thoăn • Hán-Nôm : thuân
|
|
|湍
|湍
|-
|-
|湔
|湔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiân
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiân • Middle-Chinese : dzen • Middle-Chinese : tsen • Middle-Chinese : tsjen • Middle-Chinese : tsjenH
|(literary) to wash, to clean; to cleanse • (literary) to redress (a wrong) • Alternative form of 濺／溅 (“to splash”) • soak • Used in 湔江 (“name of a river in Sichuan province”).
|(literary) to wash, to clean; to cleanse • (literary) to redress (a wrong) • Alternative form of 濺／溅 (“to splash”) • soak • Used in 湔江 (“name of a river in Sichuan province”).
|
|
Line 6,820: Line 8,291:
|湔 (eum 전 (jeon))
|湔 (eum 전 (jeon))
|wash • cleanse • purge
|wash • cleanse • purge
|Hán-Nôm : tiễn
|
|
|湔
|湔
|-
|-
|湛
|湛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîm
|Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Middle-Chinese : dreamX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam • Middle-Chinese : tom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîm • Middle-Chinese : drim
|profound • clear • a surname ‖ happy; joyful ‖  
|profound • clear • a surname ‖ happy; joyful ‖  
|
|
Line 6,830: Line 8,303:
|湛 • (dam, chim) · 湛 • (dam, chim) (hangeul 담, 침, revised dam, chim, McCune–Reischauer tam, ch'im, Yale tam, chim)
|湛 • (dam, chim) · 湛 • (dam, chim) (hangeul 담, 침, revised dam, chim, McCune–Reischauer tam, ch'im, Yale tam, chim)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đậm • Hán-Nôm : giặm • Hán-Nôm : sậm • Hán-Nôm : sặm • Hán-Nôm : thấm • Hán-Nôm : trạm • Hán-Nôm : xạm • Hán-Nôm : xẩm
|
|
|湛
|湛
|-
|-
|湮
|湮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːn, *qin) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 垔 (OC *qin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jin • Middle-Chinese : 'en
|(literary) to inundate; to sink; to bury; to cover up; to fall into oblivion • (literary) to clog up; to block up; to stop
|(literary) to inundate; to sink; to bury; to cover up; to fall into oblivion • (literary) to clog up; to block up; to stop
|
|
Line 6,840: Line 8,315:
|湮 • (in) · 湮 • (in) (hangeul 인)
|湮 • (in) · 湮 • (in) (hangeul 인)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yên
|
|
|湮
|湮
|-
|-
|湾
|湾
|Simplified from 灣 (彎 → 弯).
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 湾(わん) • (wan)
| ‖ 湾(わん) • (wan)
|bay, gulf • bend, curve (replacing 彎) ‖ (geography) bay, gulf, inlet
|bay, gulf • bend, curve (replacing 彎) ‖ (geography) bay, gulf, inlet
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,854: Line 8,332:
|-
|-
|湿
|湿
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|damp • wet • moist
|damp • wet • moist
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,864: Line 8,344:
|-
|-
|溘
|溘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : khop ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ • Middle-Chinese : khajH
|(literary) abruptly; suddenly; unexpectedly • (literary) to rely on; to cover ‖ ^‡
|(literary) abruptly; suddenly; unexpectedly • (literary) to rely on; to cover ‖ ^‡
|
|
Line 6,870: Line 8,351:
|溘 • (hap) · 溘 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|溘 • (hap) · 溘 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hụp
|
|
|溘
|溘
|-
|-
|溥
|溥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó • Middle-Chinese : phuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Middle-Chinese : pak
|big; great; vast; wide • widespread; universal ‖ name of a river
|big; great; vast; wide • widespread; universal ‖ name of a river
|
|
Line 6,880: Line 8,363:
|溥 • (bu, bak) · 溥 • (bu, bak) (hangeul 부, 박, revised bu, bak, McCune–Reischauer pu, pak, Yale pu, pak)
|溥 • (bu, bak) · 溥 • (bu, bak) (hangeul 부, 박, revised bu, bak, McCune–Reischauer pu, pak, Yale pu, pak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phổ
|
|
|溥
|溥
|-
|溫
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːn) : semantic 水 + phonetic 𥁕 (OC *quːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : un • Middle-Chinese : 'won
|(of temperature) lukewarm; warm • to warm up; to raise the temperature of • to revise; to review; to go over; to brush up • (chiefly in compounds) temperature • tepid; mild; soft; tender; gentle • irresolute; indecisive; weak • a surname: Wen • Alternative form of 瘟 (wēn)
| ‖ 溫(おん) • (On) ^(←をん (won)?)
|lukewarm • warm • tepid • mild ‖ a female given name
|溫 (eumhun 따뜻할 온 (ttatteuthal on))
|hanja form of 온 (“warm”) • hanja form of 온 (“heat up”)
|Hán-Nôm : ôn
|lukewarm (variant of 温)
|溫
|-
|-
|溼
|溼
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,894: Line 8,392:
|-
|-
|滂
|滂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng • Middle-Chinese : phang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ
|(of water) torrential; rushing • voluminous • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 滂 (MC phang) ‖ Only used in 滂濞 (pēngpì) and 滂湃.
|(of water) torrential; rushing • voluminous • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 滂 (MC phang) ‖ Only used in 滂濞 (pēngpì) and 滂湃.
|
|
Line 6,900: Line 8,399:
|滂 • (bang) · 滂 • (bang) (hangeul 방, revised bang, McCune–Reischauer pang, Yale pang)
|滂 • (bang) · 滂 • (bang) (hangeul 방, revised bang, McCune–Reischauer pang, Yale pang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bẵng • Hán-Nôm : bàng • Hán-Nôm : phang • Hán-Nôm : phẳng
|
|
|滂
|滂
|-
|-
|滄
|滄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong
|Characters in the same phonetic series (倉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong • Middle-Chinese : tshang
|(literary) blue; dark green (of water) • (literary) vast (of water) • (literary) cold; cool • Alternative form of 蒼／苍 (“grey”)
|(literary) blue; dark green (of water) • (literary) vast (of water) • (literary) cold; cool • Alternative form of 蒼／苍 (“grey”)
|
|
Line 6,910: Line 8,411:
|滄 • (chang) · 滄 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|滄 • (chang) · 滄 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thương
|
|
|滄
|滄
|-
|-
|滌
|滌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːwɢ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 條 (OC *l'ɯːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek
|to wash; to cleanse • to sweep; to clean up • to eliminate; to remove
|to wash; to cleanse • to sweep; to clean up • to eliminate; to remove
|
|
Line 6,920: Line 8,423:
|滌 • (cheok) · 滌 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|滌 • (cheok) · 滌 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : địch • Hán-Nôm : sạch
|
|
|滌
|滌
|-
|-
|滓
|滓
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsáinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lái
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 宰 (OC *ʔsɯːʔ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsáinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lái • Middle-Chinese : tsriX
|dregs; sediment; residue
|dregs; sediment; residue
| ‖ 滓(かす) or 滓(カス) • (kasu)
| ‖ 滓(かす) or 滓(カス) • (kasu)
Line 6,930: Line 8,435:
|滓 • (jae) · 滓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)
|滓 • (jae) · 滓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chỉ • Hán-Nôm : trể
|
|
|滓
|滓
|-
|-
|滞
|滞
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|a state of stopping; stagnate
|a state of stopping; stagnate
|
|
|
|
|
Line 6,944: Line 8,452:
|-
|-
|滬
|滬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 扈 (OC *ɡʷaːʔ). \ Probably a derivation from 互 (OC *ɡaːs, “intertwining”) (Schuessler, 2007). 扈 (OC *ɡʷaːʔ, “to stop; to prevent”) may be the same word (ibid.).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Middle-Chinese : huX
|weir; bamboo fence for catching fish • Shanghai • a surname
|weir; bamboo fence for catching fish • Shanghai • a surname
|
|
Line 6,950: Line 8,459:
|滬 • (ho) · 滬 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|滬 • (ho) · 滬 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hộ • Hán-Nôm : hỗ
|
|
|滬
|滬
|-
|-
|滲
|滲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìm • Middle-Chinese : srimH
|to seep; to infiltrate
|to seep; to infiltrate
|
|
Line 6,960: Line 8,471:
|滲 (eum 삼 (sam))
|滲 (eum 삼 (sam))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : rướm
|
|
|滲
|滲
|-
|-
|滾
|滾
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːnʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 袞 (OC *kluːnʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|to roll; to turn; to rotate • (of a flood) to flow at great speed • to boil (bubble and turn to vapour) • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) boiling hot; scalding hot • (dialectal Hakka) hot; high in temperature (in general) • (chiefly as imperative, derogatory, colloquial, dismissal) to go away; to scram; to beat it; to get out • to roll along or about (in snow or flour); to get bigger • extremely; very • (sewing) to use a narrow piece of cut fabric to create an edge • a surname: Gun
|to roll; to turn; to rotate • (of a flood) to flow at great speed • to boil (bubble and turn to vapour) • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) boiling hot; scalding hot • (dialectal Hakka) hot; high in temperature (in general) • (chiefly as imperative, derogatory, colloquial, dismissal) to go away; to scram; to beat it; to get out • to roll along or about (in snow or flour); to get bigger • extremely; very • (sewing) to use a narrow piece of cut fabric to create an edge • a surname: Gun
Line 6,970: Line 8,483:
|滾 (eum 곤 (gon))
|滾 (eum 곤 (gon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : củn • Hán-Nôm : cổn • Hán-Nôm : cuộn • Hán-Nôm : ngổn
|
|
|滾
|滾
|-
|-
|漕
|漕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zluː, *zluːs) : phonetic 曹 (OC *zluː) + semantic 氵 (“water”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô • Middle-Chinese : dzaw • Middle-Chinese : dzawH
|to transport grain by water • canal; waterway
|to transport grain by water • canal; waterway
|
|
Line 6,980: Line 8,495:
|漕 (eum 조 (jo))
|漕 (eum 조 (jo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tảo
|
|
|漕
|漕
|-
|-
|漣
|漣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân • Middle-Chinese : ljen • Middle-Chinese : ljenH
|(of water) ripple • appearance of continuous weeping • (～水) river in Hunan province
|(of water) ripple • appearance of continuous weeping • (～水) river in Hunan province
| ‖  
| ‖  
|ripple • (of tears) continuously flowing ‖  
|ripple • (of tears) continuously flowing ‖  
|漣 (eum 련 (ryeon), South Korea 연 (yeon))
|漣 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon))
|
|
|canonical : 漣: Hán Việt readings: liên 漣: Nôm readings: trơn • canonical : lăn • canonical : liên
|
|
|漣
|漣
|-
|-
|漩
|漩
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suân ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suân ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān
|eddy, whirlpool ‖ (Southern Min, of liquid) to splash; to spray (from a small hole) • (Southern Min) to piss; to pee; to urinate • (Southern Min, figurative) to insult
|eddy, whirlpool ‖ (Southern Min, of liquid) to splash; to spray (from a small hole) • (Southern Min) to piss; to pee; to urinate • (Southern Min, figurative) to insult
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,004: Line 8,524:
|-
|-
|漪
|漪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī
|See 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : 'je
|Short for 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī). • Alternative form of 猗
|Short for 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī). • Alternative form of 猗
|
|
Line 7,010: Line 8,531:
|漪 (eum 의 (ui))
|漪 (eum 의 (ui))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : y
|
|
|漪
|漪
|-
|-
|漲
|漲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiáng • Middle-Chinese : trjang • Middle-Chinese : trjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Middle-Chinese : trjang • Middle-Chinese : trjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Middle-Chinese : trjang
|to rise; to go up; to increase ‖ Alternative form of 脹／胀 (zhàng, “to swell; to distend”) • to be filled • (Mainland China) to exceed by • a surname ‖ Alternative name for 南海 (Nánhǎi, “South Sea”).
|to rise; to go up; to increase ‖ Alternative form of 脹／胀 (zhàng, “to swell; to distend”) • to be filled • (Mainland China) to exceed by • a surname ‖ Alternative name for 南海 (Nánhǎi, “South Sea”).
|
|
Line 7,020: Line 8,543:
|漲 (eum 창 (chang))
|漲 (eum 창 (chang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trướng • Hán-Nôm : nhướng
|
|
|漲
|漲
|-
|-
|漳
|漳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋ) : semantic 水 + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : tsyang
|(～河) Zhang River (river flowing from Shanxi to Hebei) • (～江) Zhang River (river in Fujian) • Short for 漳州 (Zhāngzhōu). • a surname
|(～河) Zhang River (river flowing from Shanxi to Hebei) • (～江) Zhang River (river in Fujian) • Short for 漳州 (Zhāngzhōu). • a surname
|
|
|
|
|漳 • (jang) · 漳 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|漳 • (jang) · 漳 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,034: Line 8,560:
|-
|-
|漿
|漿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 水 (“water”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 水 (“water”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Middle-Chinese : tsjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ
|(obsolete) an ancient sour drink • thick fluid (in general) • drink; beverage; juice • rice water; broth • paste; starch • to soak washed clothes in rice water to make them smooth and stiff after drying; to starch • (dialectal) soy milk • (Cantonese) to be covered by thick fluid ‖ Alternative form of 糨 (jiàng)
|(obsolete) an ancient sour drink • thick fluid (in general) • drink; beverage; juice • rice water; broth • paste; starch • to soak washed clothes in rice water to make them smooth and stiff after drying; to starch • (dialectal) soy milk • (Cantonese) to be covered by thick fluid ‖ Alternative form of 糨 (jiàng)
|
|
Line 7,040: Line 8,567:
|漿 • (jang) · 漿 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|漿 • (jang) · 漿 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tương
|
|
|漿
|漿
|-
|-
|潑
|潑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuat • Middle-Chinese : phat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ
|to pour; to splash • to submerge; to drown • to brew (tea); to make (tea) • wild and unreasonable • fierce and bold • bad; poor • (Hokkien, intransitive) to splatter; to splash • (Xiamen Hokkien) to fan • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Classifier for short periods of an event. ‖ Only used in 潑潑／泼泼 (bōbō, “wiggling of fish's tail”).
|to pour; to splash • to submerge; to drown • to brew (tea); to make (tea) • wild and unreasonable • fierce and bold • bad; poor • (Hokkien, intransitive) to splatter; to splash • (Xiamen Hokkien) to fan • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Classifier for short periods of an event. ‖ Only used in 潑潑／泼泼 (bōbō, “wiggling of fish's tail”).
|
|
Line 7,050: Line 8,579:
|潑 (eumhun 물뿌릴 발 (mulppuril bal))
|潑 (eumhun 물뿌릴 발 (mulppuril bal))
|sprinkle water • fierce
|sprinkle water • fierce
|Hán-Nôm : bát
|
|
|潑
|潑
|-
|-
|潜
|潜
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,059: Line 8,590:
|
|
|潜 • (jam) · 潜 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|潜 • (jam) · 潜 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,064: Line 8,596:
|-
|-
|潦
|潦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ló • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ló • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Middle-Chinese : lawX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lawH
|Used in 潦倒 (liáodǎo) and 潦草 (liáocǎo). • Alternative form of 燎 (“to burn; to scald”) ‖ heavy rain • (of rain) heavy; torrential • puddle; accumulated water ‖ flooded; inundated • flooding • to flood
|Used in 潦倒 (liáodǎo) and 潦草 (liáocǎo). • Alternative form of 燎 (“to burn; to scald”) ‖ heavy rain • (of rain) heavy; torrential • puddle; accumulated water ‖ flooded; inundated • flooding • to flood
|
|
Line 7,070: Line 8,603:
|潦 • (ryo>yo) · 潦 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|潦 • (ryo>yo) · 潦 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lẻo
|
|
|潦
|潦
|-
|-
|潸
|潸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : sraen • Middle-Chinese : sraenX
|(literary) tearful • (literary) to shed tears
|(literary) tearful • (literary) to shed tears
|
|
|
|
|潸 • (san) · 潸 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|潸 • (san) · 潸 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,084: Line 8,620:
|-
|-
|潺
|潺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan • Middle-Chinese : dzrean • Middle-Chinese : dzrjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴
|The sound or appearance of flowing water. Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) slime; mucus • (Matsu Eastern Eastern Min) spring water, water from the ground or from cracks in rocks
|The sound or appearance of flowing water. Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) slime; mucus • (Matsu Eastern Eastern Min) spring water, water from the ground or from cracks in rocks
|
|
Line 7,090: Line 8,627:
|潺 • (jan) · 潺 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)
|潺 • (jan) · 潺 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sờn • Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sớn
|
|
|潺
|潺
|-
|-
|潼
|潼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Middle-Chinese : duwng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhowng
|high, lofty • damp • Tong Pass (潼關) • Tong River (潼河)
|high, lofty • damp • Tong Pass (潼關) • Tong River (潼河)
|
|
|
|
|潼 • (dong) · 潼 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)
|潼 • (dong) · 潼 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,104: Line 8,644:
|-
|-
|澀
|澀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sip
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯb) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歰 (OC *srɯb, “rough; not smooth”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sip • Middle-Chinese : srip
|(of surfaces) rough; unsmooth • astringent; acerbic; tart • (of writing) hard to understand; obscure; not flowing • (of speech) ineloquent; sluggish • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly
|(of surfaces) rough; unsmooth • astringent; acerbic; tart • (of writing) hard to understand; obscure; not flowing • (of speech) ineloquent; sluggish • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly
|
|
Line 7,110: Line 8,651:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sáp • Hán-Nôm : xát
|
|
|澀
|澀
|-
|-
|澆
|澆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : kew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngewH
|to pour (liquid) • to irrigate (using a waterwheel) • to water; to sprinkle • to cast; to shape metal; to mold • (literary, or in compounds) frivolous; disrespectful; discourteous ‖ Used in personal names.
|to pour (liquid) • to irrigate (using a waterwheel) • to water; to sprinkle • to cast; to shape metal; to mold • (literary, or in compounds) frivolous; disrespectful; discourteous ‖ Used in personal names.
|
|
Line 7,120: Line 8,663:
|澆 • (yo) · 澆 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|澆 • (yo) · 澆 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhão • Hán-Nôm : kiêu • Hán-Nôm : nghiêu
|
|
|澆
|澆
|-
|-
|澗
|澗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːns, *kraːns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 閒 (OC *ɡreːn) \ Semantic loan from Dutch gang (“alleyway, alley, narrow street”) for the sense of alleyway, alley, narrow street.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn • Middle-Chinese : kaenH
|brook between mountains; mountain stream • a numeral that refers to 10³⁶ or others • (historical, Hokkien) alleyway, alley, narrow street
|brook between mountains; mountain stream • a numeral that refers to 10³⁶ or others • (historical, Hokkien) alleyway, alley, narrow street
| ‖ 澗(かん) • (kan)
| ‖ 澗(かん) • (kan)
| ‖ undecillion, a number of 10³⁶ in modern Japanese since 17th century.
| ‖ undecillion, a number of 10³⁶ in modern Japanese since 17th century.
|澗 (eumhun 산골 물 간 (san'gol mul gan))
|澗 (eumhun 산골 물 간 (san'gol mul gan))
|Hanja form of 간 (“mountain stream”).
|hanja form of 간 (“mountain stream”)
|Hán-Nôm : giản
|
|
|澗
|澗
|-
|-
|澧
|澧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *riːʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : lejX
|(～水) Lishui River (a river in Hunan, China) • (～河, ～水) Lihe River (a river in Henan, China) • (～縣) Li County (a county of Hunan) • Alternative form of 醴 (lǐ, “sweet”) • a surname
|(～水) Lishui River (a river in Hunan, China) • (～河, ～水) Lihe River (a river in Henan, China) • (～縣) Li County (a county of Hunan) • Alternative form of 醴 (lǐ, “sweet”) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|澧 • (rye>ye) · 澧 • (rye>ye) (hangeul 례>예, revised rye>ye, McCune–Reischauer rye>ye, Yale lyey>yey)
|澧 • (rye>ye) · 澧 • (rye>ye) (hangeul 례>예, revised rye>ye, McCune–Reischauer rye>ye, Yale lyey>yey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,144: Line 8,692:
|-
|-
|澱
|澱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Middle-Chinese : denH
|to settle; to precipitate • sediment; dregs
|to settle; to precipitate • sediment; dregs
|
|
Line 7,150: Line 8,699:
|澱 • (jeon) · 澱 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|澱 • (jeon) · 澱 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điến • Hán-Nôm : điện
|
|
|澱
|澱
|-
|-
|澹
|澹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms) : semantic 水 + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam). \ Related to 淡 (OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ). ‖  ‖  ‖ Possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Vietnamese đầm (“swamp; to be soaking; be sopping wet”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). Also compare Proto-Tai *domᴬ (“wet”), whence Zhuang dumz (“wet; soaked”) (Yue-Hashimoto, 1976).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm • Middle-Chinese : damX • Middle-Chinese : damH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm • Middle-Chinese : dam ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm
|calm and indifferent to fame and fortune • quiet; tranquil • light (of taste); insipid • (of water) to ripple • a surname ‖ Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”). ‖ Only used in 澹林. ‖ (dialectal Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) wet; damp; moist
|calm and indifferent to fame and fortune • quiet; tranquil • light (of taste); insipid • (of water) to ripple • a surname ‖ Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”). ‖ Only used in 澹林. ‖ (dialectal Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) wet; damp; moist
|
|
Line 7,160: Line 8,711:
|澹 • (dam, seom) · 澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem)
|澹 • (dam, seom) · 澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đam • Hán-Nôm : đàm • Hán-Nôm : đạm
|
|
|澹
|澹
|-
|-
|濂
|濂
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|a waterfall • A river in Hunan
|a waterfall • A river in Hunan
Line 7,170: Line 8,723:
|濂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 濂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|濂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 濂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhèm
|
|
|濂
|濂
|-
|-
|濕
|濘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sip ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sap¹
|wet; damp; moist; humid • (traditional Chinese medicine) delayed; impassable • to wet; to dampen ‖ An ancient river in Shandong ‖ (Cantonese, vehicles) shaft; driveshaft (Classifier: 條／条 c)
|
|
|濕 • (seup) · 濕 • (seup) (hangeul 습, revised seup, McCune–Reischauer sŭp, Yale sup)
|
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : líng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : nengX • Middle-Chinese : nejH • Middle-Chinese : nengH
|濕
|-
|濘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : líng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng
|mud • miry, muddy, stagnant
|mud • miry, muddy, stagnant
|
|
Line 7,190: Line 8,735:
|濘 • (nyeong>yeong) · 濘 • (nyeong>yeong) (hangeul 녕>영, revised nyeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng>yŏng, Yale nyeng>yeng)
|濘 • (nyeong>yeong) · 濘 • (nyeong>yeong) (hangeul 녕>영, revised nyeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng>yŏng, Yale nyeng>yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ninh • Hán-Nôm : nính
|
|
|濘
|濘
|-
|-
|濛
|濛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng • Middle-Chinese : muwngX
|drizzling, misty, raining
|drizzling, misty, raining
|
|
Line 7,200: Line 8,747:
|濛 (eum 몽 (mong))
|濛 (eum 몽 (mong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mông
|
|
|濛
|濛
|-
|-
|濠
|濠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːw) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô • Middle-Chinese : haw
|moat; trench; ditch
|moat; trench; ditch
| ‖ 濠(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 濠(ほり) • (hori)
| ‖ 濠(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 濠(ほり) • (hori)
|moat, trench • (abbreviation) Australia (a country and island in Oceania) • (abbreviation) (geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands) ‖ moat, trench ‖ ditch, canal • moat
|moat, trench • (abbreviation) Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as its precursor colony in the British Empire) • (abbreviation) (geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands) ‖ moat, trench ‖ ditch, canal • moat
|濠 (eum 호 (ho))
|濠 (eum 호 (ho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hào
|
|
|濠
|濠
|-
|-
|濡
|濡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njo, *noːn) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 需 (OC *sno).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : nyu • Middle-Chinese : nwan
|immerse, moisten • wet, damp • Used in 濡忍.
|immerse, moisten • wet, damp • Used in 濡忍.
|
|
Line 7,220: Line 8,771:
|濡 (eum 유 (yu))
|濡 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhụa
|
|
|濡
|濡
|-
|-
|濤
|濤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duː, *duː) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : daw
|billows; large waves • sound of the sea
|billows; large waves • sound of the sea
|
|
|waves, billows
|waves, billows
|濤 (eumhun 물결 도 (mulgyeol do))
|濤 (eumhun 물결 도 (mulgyeol do))
|Hanja form of 도 (“waves”).
|hanja form of 도 (“waves”)
|Hán-Nôm : đào
|
|
|濤
|濤
|-
|-
|濬
|濬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH
|(alt. form 浚) to dredge; to dig (a waterway, well, etc.) • (alt. form 浚) deep; profound • ^† to enlighten; to elucidate; to clear up
|(alt. form 浚) to dredge; to dig (a waterway, well, etc.) • (alt. form 浚) deep; profound • ^† to enlighten; to elucidate; to clear up
|
|
Line 7,240: Line 8,795:
|濬 (eum 준 (jun))
|濬 (eum 준 (jun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuấn
|
|
|濬
|濬
|-
|濱
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin) \ According to Schuessler (2007), this is a Southeast Asian etymon. Compare Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *te(m)biŋ (“border, edge, shore, bank”) & Proto-Monic *t(r)mɓaɲ (“rim, edge; lips”). \ Unclear, if possible, connection with Tibeto-Burman lexical items: Lepcha ᰓᰧᰶ (bí, “edge, border”) & ᰜᰤᰴ ᰓᰧᰶ (lyaŋ bí, “utmost limit of a place”); Tibetan ཕྱི (phyi) ~ ཕྱིན (phyin, “outside”) (unless the Tibetan items belong to 比 (OC *piʔ, “behind > outside?”)) (ibid.). \ 瀕 (OC *pin, *bin) is possibly its endopassive derivative. 墳 (OC -) ~ 濆 (OC *pʰɯːn, *bɯn) is possibly its vocalic variant (ibid.).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjin
|shore; beach; coast; bank • to border on; to be adjacent to • (obsolete) Alternative form of 瀕／濒 (bīn, “imminent; about to; nearly”) • (literary) border; edge
| ‖ 濱(はま) • (hama)
| ‖ beach, seashore
|濱 (eumhun 물가 빈 (mulga bin))
|
|Hán-Nôm : tân
|
|濱
|-
|-
|濺
|濺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiān ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsens, *ʔseːn) : semantic 水 (“walk”) + phonetic 賤 (OC *zlens). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsens, *ʔseːn) : semantic 水 (“walk”) + phonetic 賤 (OC *zlens).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiān • Middle-Chinese : tsjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsen
|to splash; to splatter ‖ Used in 濺濺／溅溅 (jiānjiān)
|to splash; to splatter ‖ Used in 濺濺／溅溅 (jiānjiān)
|
|
Line 7,250: Line 8,819:
|濺 • (cheon) · 濺 • (cheon) (hangeul 천)
|濺 • (cheon) · 濺 • (cheon) (hangeul 천)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiên • Hán-Nôm : tiễn
|
|
|濺
|濺
|-
|-
|濾
|濾
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ras) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 慮 (OC *ras).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī
|to strain out; to filter
|to strain out; to filter
Line 7,260: Line 8,831:
|濾 • (ryeo>yeo) · 濾 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|濾 • (ryeo>yeo) · 濾 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lự
|
|
|濾
|濾
|-
|-
|瀆
|瀆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶
|(literary) ditch; sluice; gutter; drain • (literary) great river; large river • (literary) to show disrespect or contempt, to be rude to, to annoy, to profane ‖ Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “opening; hole”)
|(literary) ditch; sluice; gutter; drain • (literary) great river; large river • (literary) to show disrespect or contempt, to be rude to, to annoy, to profane ‖ Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “opening; hole”)
|
|
Line 7,270: Line 8,843:
|瀆 (eum 독 (dok))
|瀆 (eum 독 (dok))
|ditch • pollute
|ditch • pollute
|Hán-Nôm : độc
|
|
|瀆
|瀆
|-
|-
|瀉
|瀉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sià
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sjaːʔ, *sjaːɡs) : semantic 水 + phonetic 寫 (OC *sjaːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sià • Middle-Chinese : sjaeX • Middle-Chinese : sjaeH
|to pour out; to flow rapidly; to pour down • to leak; to drain off • to have loose bowels; to have diarrhea • to plummet • (Hakka) to break; to smash
|to pour out; to flow rapidly; to pour down • to leak; to drain off • to have loose bowels; to have diarrhea • to plummet • (Hakka) to break; to smash
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 7,280: Line 8,855:
|瀉 (eum 사 (sa))
|瀉 (eum 사 (sa))
|drain off, leak • flow, pour down
|drain off, leak • flow, pour down
|Hán-Nôm : tả • Hán-Nôm : dã • Hán-Nôm : tã
|
|
|瀉
|瀉
|-
|-
|瀋
|瀋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 審 (OC *hljɯmʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím • Middle-Chinese : tsyhimX
|(obsolete) liquid; juice • to pour • Short for 瀋陽／沈阳 (Shěnyáng).
|(obsolete) liquid; juice • to pour • Short for 瀋陽／沈阳 (Shěnyáng).
|
|
Line 7,290: Line 8,867:
|瀋 • (sim) · 瀋 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim)
|瀋 • (sim) · 瀋 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thẩm • Hán-Nôm : thẳm • Hán-Nôm : thấm • Hán-Nôm : thẫm • Hán-Nôm : thỏm • Hán-Nôm : thủm • Hán-Nôm : trầm
|
|
|瀋
|瀋
|-
|-
|瀏
|瀏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru, *m·ruʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 劉 (OC *m·ru). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru, *m·ruʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 劉 (OC *m·ru).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû • Middle-Chinese : ljuw • Middle-Chinese : ljuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡ
|^† (of water) clear; deep ‖ Alternative form of 溜 (“to sneak off”)
|^† (of water) clear; deep ‖ Alternative form of 溜 (“to sneak off”)
|
|
Line 7,300: Line 8,879:
|瀏 • (ryu>yu) · 瀏 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
|瀏 • (ryu>yu) · 瀏 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lưu
|
|
|瀏
|瀏
|-
|-
|瀕
|瀕
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin, *bin) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 頻 (OC *bin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin
|water's edge; waterside • to be close to; to border on • approach; near; be on verge of
|water's edge; waterside • to be close to; to border on • approach; near; be on verge of
Line 7,310: Line 8,891:
|瀕 (eum 빈 (bin))
|瀕 (eum 빈 (bin))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tần
|
|
|瀕
|瀕
|-
|-
|瀚
|瀚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 翰 (OC *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hān • Middle-Chinese : hanH
|vast; wide; extensive
|vast; wide; extensive
|
|
Line 7,320: Line 8,903:
|瀚 • (han) · 瀚 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|瀚 • (han) · 瀚 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hãn • Hán-Nôm : hạn
|
|
|瀚
|瀚
|-
|-
|瀛
|瀛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 嬴 (OC *leŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : yeng
|(archaic, or in compounds) ocean; sea • (obsolete) marsh • a surname
|(archaic, or in compounds) ocean; sea • (obsolete) marsh • a surname
|
|
Line 7,330: Line 8,915:
|瀛 (eum 영 (yeong))
|瀛 (eum 영 (yeong))
|sea
|sea
|Hán-Nôm : doanh
|
|
|瀛
|瀛
|-
|-
|瀝
|瀝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lek⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lek⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lek
|to drip; to trickle • drop; drip • sediment of wine; dregs ‖ Used in 瀝源／沥源 (“Lek Yuen, Hong Kong”). ‖ Used in 大瀝／大沥 (Dàlì, “Dali, Guangdong”).
|to drip; to trickle • drop; drip • sediment of wine; dregs ‖ Used in 瀝源／沥源 (“Lek Yuen, Hong Kong”). ‖ Used in 大瀝／大沥 (Dàlì, “Dali, Guangdong”).
|
|
Line 7,340: Line 8,927:
|瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) · 瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) (hangeul 력>역, revised ryeok>yeok, McCune–Reischauer ryŏk>yŏk, Yale lyek>yek)
|瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) · 瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) (hangeul 력>역, revised ryeok>yeok, McCune–Reischauer ryŏk>yŏk, Yale lyek>yek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lạch
|
|
|瀝
|瀝
|-
|-
|瀟
|瀟
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːw) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 蕭 (OC *sɯːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau
|(of water) deep and clear • (～水) Xiao River (a river in Hunan, China)
|(of water) deep and clear • (～水) Xiao River (a river in Hunan, China)
Line 7,350: Line 8,939:
|瀟 (eum 소 (so))
|瀟 (eum 소 (so))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiêu
|
|
|瀟
|瀟
|-
|瀨
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːds) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 賴 (OC *raːds). \ As this word appeared in texts about ancient Eastern Yue (now Min) area and Chen Zan remarked that it was a Wu-Yue word, Schuessler (2007) speculates that it has Austroasiatic origin, comparing it to Wa-Lawa-Bulang *rah "rapids, waterfall" & Old Khmer rat (“to move swiftly, to run”), possibly derived from a root meaning "swift". Proto-Min *l̥aiꟲ is identical to Proto-Tai *hla:iᴮ¹. \ Possibly unrelated to 濿 (OC *m·rads) "a ford". ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāi • Middle-Chinese : lajH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luah
|rapids; swift current ‖ (Cantonese) to pass (urine or feces) involuntarily ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien) area with torrential waters steeply falling onto the riverbed
|
|swift current • rapids
|瀨 (eumhun 여울 뢰 (yeoul roe), word-initial (South Korea) 여울 뇌 (yeoul noe))
|hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“rapids”)
|
|
|瀨
|-
|-
|瀰
|瀰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mjie • Middle-Chinese : mjieX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : nejX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mjie • Middle-Chinese : mjieX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : nejX
|(of water) full; overflowing; deep; expansive • (alt. form 彌／弥) full ‖ (obsolete) flow
|(of water) full; overflowing; deep; expansive • (alt. form 彌／弥) full ‖ (obsolete) flow
|
|
Line 7,360: Line 8,963:
|瀰 (eum 미 (mi))
|瀰 (eum 미 (mi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : di
|full
|full
|瀰
|瀰
|-
|-
|瀾
|瀾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuǎ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn). \ 浪 (làng, “wave”) may be a colloquial variant. Phonetically too distant to be related to Thai คลื่น (klʉ̂ʉn, “wave”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖  ‖ A dialectal variant of 涎 (OC *ljan, “saliva”) in the South (Schuessler, 2007; Xu and Iwata, 2014).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Middle-Chinese : lan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎn • Middle-Chinese : lanH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuǎ
|wave; billow • ripple • to surge; to swell • ^† Alternative form of 灡／𬉠 (lán, “water from washed rice”) ‖ Used in 瀾漫／澜漫 and 瀾汗／澜汗. ‖ (chiefly Hakka, Min, Southern Wu) saliva
|wave; billow • ripple • to surge; to swell • ^† Alternative form of 灡／𬉠 (lán, “water from washed rice”) ‖ Used in 瀾漫／澜漫 and 瀾汗／澜汗. ‖ (chiefly Hakka, Min, Southern Wu) saliva
|
|
|large waves
|large waves
|瀾 (eumhun 물결 란 (mulgyeol ran), South Korea 물결 난 (mulgyeol nan))
|瀾 (eumhun 물결 란 (mulgyeol ran), word-initial (South Korea) 물결 난 (mulgyeol nan))
|Hanja form of 란/난 (“wave”).
|hanja form of 란/난 (“wave”)
|Hán-Nôm : lan
|
|
|瀾
|瀾
|-
|-
|灑
|灑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Middle-Chinese : sreaX • Middle-Chinese : sraeX • Middle-Chinese : srjeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Middle-Chinese : srjeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Middle-Chinese : srjeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ
|to sprinkle; to splash • to scatter; to throw • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 洗 • Alternative form of 蓰 ‖ Alternative form of 釃／酾 • Used in 離灑／离洒. ‖ cold • terrified ‖ Only used in 淋灑／淋洒.
|to sprinkle; to splash • to scatter; to throw • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 洗 • Alternative form of 蓰 ‖ Alternative form of 釃／酾 • Used in 離灑／离洒. ‖ cold • terrified ‖ Only used in 淋灑／淋洒.
|
|
Line 7,380: Line 8,987:
|灑 • (sae, swae) · 灑 • (sae, swae) (hangeul 새, 쇄, revised sae, swae, McCune–Reischauer sae, swae, Yale say, sway)
|灑 • (sae, swae) · 灑 • (sae, swae) (hangeul 새, 쇄, revised sae, swae, McCune–Reischauer sae, swae, Yale say, sway)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sái • Hán-Nôm : rợi • Hán-Nôm : tẩy • Hán-Nôm : thối
|
|
|灑
|灑
|-
|-
|灘
|灘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). ‖  ‖
|shoal • beach • Classifier for liquid or paste spread over a surface: pool; puddle
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Middle-Chinese : than ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : xanX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : nanH
|shoal • beach • Classifier for liquid or paste spread over a surface: pool; puddle ‖  ‖
| ‖ 灘(なだ) • (nada)
| ‖ 灘(なだ) • (nada)
| ‖ area of a sea or an ocean with strong winds or surging waves; rough sea
| ‖ area of a sea or an ocean with strong winds or surging waves; rough sea
|灘 (eumhun 여울 탄 (yeoul tan))
|灘 (eumhun 여울 탄 (yeoul tan))
|Hanja form of 탄 (“shoal”).
|hanja form of 탄 (“shoal”)
|Hán-Nôm : than
|
|
|灘
|灘
|-
|灣
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 彎 (OC *qroːn) – a type of water. \ Cognate with 彎 (OC *qroːn, “bend; curve”) (Wang, 1982).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uân • Middle-Chinese : 'waen
|(geography) bend in a river • (geography) bay; gulf • (regional, nautical) to berth; to anchor; to moor • a surname
|
|Kyūjitai form of 湾
|灣 (eumhun 물굽이 만 (mulgubi man))
|hanja form of 만 (“(geography) bay; gulf”) [noun]
|Hán-Nôm : loan • Hán-Nôm : loáng • Hán-Nôm : loãng • Hán-Nôm : vịnh
|bay, gulf
|灣
|-
|-
|灯
|灯
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(ともし) • (tomoshi) ‖ 灯(ともしび) • (tomoshibi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (Toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼしび) • (toboshibi) ‖ 灯(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 灯(ひ) • (hi)
| ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(ともし) • (tomoshi) ‖ 灯(ともしび) • (tomoshibi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (Toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼしび) • (toboshibi) ‖ 灯(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 灯(ひ) • (hi)
| ‖ a light, lamp ‖ counter for 電灯 (dentō, “electric lights”) ‖ electric light ‖ light, lamp • (by extension) Buddhist teaching ‖ a light • Alternative spelling of 照射 (tomoshi): a torch used to bait deer when night hunting ‖ a light • a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch) • (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students ‖ (archaic) an indoor torch • (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshi) ‖ a placename ‖ (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi) ‖ a light, lamp • (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha ‖ a light, lamp
| ‖ a light, lamp ‖ counter for 電灯 (dentō, “electric lights”) ‖ electric light ‖ light, lamp • (by extension) Buddhist teaching ‖ a light • Alternative spelling of 照射 (tomoshi): a torch used to bait deer when night hunting ‖ a light • a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch) • (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students ‖ (archaic) an indoor torch • (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshi) ‖ a placename ‖ (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi) ‖ a light, lamp • (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha ‖ a light, lamp
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,404: Line 9,028:
|-
|-
|炉
|炉
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,409: Line 9,034:
| ‖ furnace, kiln
| ‖ furnace, kiln
|炉 • (ro>no) · 炉 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노)
|炉 • (ro>no) · 炉 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,414: Line 9,040:
|-
|-
|炙
|炙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuànn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiò
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeH • Middle-Chinese : tsyek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuànn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiò
|to roast; to broil; to toast; to cauterize • roast meat ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 炸 (chia̍h) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 煎 (chòaⁿ) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 焟 (chioh)
|to roast; to broil; to toast; to cauterize • roast meat ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 炸 (chia̍h) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 煎 (chòaⁿ) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 焟 (chioh)
|
|
|roast • broil • toast • cauterize
|roast • broil • toast • cauterize
|炙 (eumhun 구울 자 (guul ja)) ‖ 炙 (eumhun 구울 적 (guul jeok))
|炙 (eumhun 구울 자 (guul ja)) ‖ 炙 (eumhun 구울 적 (guul jeok))
|Hanja form of 자 (“to roast; to broil”). ‖ Hanja form of 적 (“jeok (a Korean meat dish)”).
|hanja form of 자 (“to roast; to broil”) ‖ hanja form of 적 (“jeok (a Korean meat dish)”)
|Hán-Nôm : chá • Hán-Nôm : chả • Hán-Nôm : chích
|
|
|炙
|炙
|-
|-
|炯
|炯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Middle-Chinese : hwengX • Middle-Chinese : kwengX
|bright; brilliant • clear; obvious • (literary) flame; blaze
|bright; brilliant • clear; obvious • (literary) flame; blaze
|
|
Line 7,430: Line 9,059:
|炯 (eum 형 (hyeong))
|炯 (eum 형 (hyeong))
|Shining bright
|Shining bright
|canonical : 炯: Hán Việt readings: quýnh • canonical : quỷnh • canonical : huỳnh
|
|
|炯
|炯
|-
|-
|炳
|炳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng
|Unger (1986) reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation as *pl(j)aŋʔ and considers this item part of a word family under 陽 (OC *laŋ) and related to Thai ปลั่ง (bplàng, “bright”); alternatively, Schuessler (2007) reconstructs OC *br(j)aŋʔ and includes this in an Austroasiatic word family under 亮 (OC *raŋs). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng • Middle-Chinese : pjaengX
|bright; luminous • to shine • notable; remarkable; outstanding; prominent; marked; striking; distinctive • to ignite; to set on fire; to light; to kindle
|bright; luminous • to shine • notable; remarkable; outstanding; prominent; marked; striking; distinctive • to ignite; to set on fire; to light; to kindle
|
| ‖ 炳(へい) • (hei) ^†-tari (adnominal 炳(へい)とした (hei to shita) or 炳(へい)たる (hei taru), adverbial 炳(へい)と (hei to) or 炳(へい)として (hei to shite))
|clear & bright
|clear & bright ‖ bright, shining, • clear to the eye
|炳 • (byeong) · 炳 • (byeong) (hangeul 병, revised byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏng, Yale pyeng)
|炳 • (byeong) · 炳 • (byeong) (hangeul 병, revised byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏng, Yale pyeng)
|bright, luminous • glorious
|bright, luminous • glorious
|Hán-Nôm : bình • Hán-Nôm : bính • Hán-Nôm : bỉnh • Hán-Nôm : bảnh • Hán-Nôm : bãnh
|
|
|炳
|炳
|-
|-
|点
|点
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,449: Line 9,082:
| ‖ items or goods ‖ spot, dot • score, grade, mark(s) • point
| ‖ items or goods ‖ spot, dot • score, grade, mark(s) • point
|点 (eum 점 (jeom))
|点 (eum 점 (jeom))
|Alternative form of 點 (“Hanja form of 점 (“point; dot; spot; speck”).”)
|Alternative form of 點 (“hanja form of 점 (“point; dot; spot; speck”)”)
|
|
|
|点
|点
|-
|-
|烊
|烊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāng
|Originally an alternative form (異體字／异体字 (yìtǐzì)) of 煬／炀 (yáng). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ) : semantic 火 (“flame”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ). ‖ Originally an alternative form (異體字／异体字 (yìtǐzì)) of 煬／炀 (yáng). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ) : semantic 火 (“flame”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâng • Middle-Chinese : yang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāng
|to smelt • to melt ‖ Only used in 打烊 (dǎyàng).
|to smelt • to melt ‖ Only used in 打烊 (dǎyàng).
|
|
Line 7,460: Line 9,095:
|烊 • (yang) · 烊 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|烊 • (yang) · 烊 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|
|
|canonical : 烊: Hán Việt readings: rang
|
|
|烊
|烊
|-
|烟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ
|Only used in 烟熅／烟煴 and 烟烟熅熅／烟烟煴煴.
|
|Alternative form of 煙
|烟 • (yeon) · 烟 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|smoke
|
|烟
|-
|-
|烽
|烽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰoŋ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 夆 (OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : phjowng
|signal fire • the tower where such a signal fire is lit
|signal fire • the tower where such a signal fire is lit
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 7,480: Line 9,107:
|烽 • (bong) · 烽 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong)
|烽 • (bong) · 烽 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong)
|
|
|canonical : 烽: Hán Việt readings: phong
|
|
|烽
|烽
|-
|-
|焙
|焙
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē
|to bake; to torrefy; to heat over a slow fire
|to bake; to torrefy; to heat over a slow fire
Line 7,490: Line 9,119:
|焙 • (bae) · 焙 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|焙 • (bae) · 焙 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|
|
|canonical : 焙: Hán Việt readings: bồi
|
|
|焙
|焙
|-
|-
|煉
|煉
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ).
|
|
|
|
Line 7,500: Line 9,131:
|煉 • (ryeon>yeon) · 煉 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|煉 • (ryeon>yeon) · 煉 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : luyện • Hán-Nôm : rịn
|
|
|煉
|煉
|-
|-
|煜
|煜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yuwk • Middle-Chinese : hip
|brilliant; glorious
|brilliant; glorious
|
|
Line 7,510: Line 9,143:
|煜 • (uk, eup) · 煜 • (uk, eup) (hangeul 욱, 읍, revised uk, eup, McCune–Reischauer uk, ŭp, Yale wuk, up)
|煜 • (uk, eup) · 煜 • (uk, eup) (hangeul 욱, 읍, revised uk, eup, McCune–Reischauer uk, ŭp, Yale wuk, up)
|
|
|canonical : 煜: Hán Việt readings: dục
|
|
|煜
|煜
|-
|-
|煥
|煥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Middle-Chinese : xwanH
|flare; blaze • glowing; shining; lustrous; brilliant • to radiate • a surname
|flare; blaze • glowing; shining; lustrous; brilliant • to radiate • a surname
|
|
Line 7,520: Line 9,155:
|煥 • (hwan) · 煥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|煥 • (hwan) · 煥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|shining, brilliant • lustrous
|shining, brilliant • lustrous
|canonical : 煥: Hán Việt readings: hoán
|
|
|煥
|煥
|-
|-
|煦
|煦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Middle-Chinese : xjuX • Middle-Chinese : xjuH
|warm • kind; gentle; gracious; genial
|warm • kind; gentle; gracious; genial
|
|
Line 7,530: Line 9,167:
|煦 • (hu) · 煦 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu)
|煦 • (hu) · 煦 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu)
|kind, gentle • gracious • genial
|kind, gentle • gracious • genial
|canonical : 煦: Hán Việt readings: hú
|
|
|煦
|煦
|-
|-
|煬
|煬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ, *laŋs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ, *laŋs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yangH
|to melt; to smelt (metal) ‖ to bake; to roast • to warm oneself by the fire • hot
|to melt; to smelt (metal) ‖ to bake; to roast • to warm oneself by the fire • hot
|
|
Line 7,540: Line 9,179:
|煬 • (yang) · 煬 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|煬 • (yang) · 煬 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dương
|
|
|煬
|煬
|-
|-
|熨
|熨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : tong³
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|to iron; to press • to be closely appressed to; to abut ‖ Only used in 熨貼／熨帖／熨贴 (yùtiē). ‖ (traditional Chinese medicine) to foment ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燙／烫 (“to iron; to press”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ut • Middle-Chinese : 'jut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jw+jH ‖  
|to iron; to press • to be closely appressed to; to abut • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be stained with ‖ Only used in 熨貼／熨帖／熨贴 (yùtiē). ‖ (traditional Chinese medicine) to foment ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燙／烫 (“to iron; to press”)
|
|
|flatiron • smooth out
|flatiron • smooth out
|熨 (eum 위 (wi))
|熨 (eum 위 (wi))
|iron • press
|iron • press
|Hán-Nôm : úy/uý • Hán-Nôm : uất • Hán-Nôm : ủi • Hán-Nôm : uỳn • Hán-Nôm : ùn • Hán-Nôm : uỵn • Hán-Nôm : vùn • Hán-Nôm : vuỵn • Hán-Nôm : vuỹn • Hán-Nôm : ũn • Hán-Nôm : vũn
|
|
|熨
|熨
|-
|-
|熹
|熹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Middle-Chinese : xi
|warm, bright
|warm, bright
|
|
|
|
|熹 • (hui) · 熹 • (hui) (hangeul 희)
|熹 • (hui) · 熹 • (hui) (hangeul 희)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,564: Line 9,208:
|-
|-
|熾
|熾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯɡs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯɡs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : tsyhiH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh
|(of fire) intense; raging • flourishing; prosperous • to burn ‖ (Hokkien) to macerate; to ret; to soak • (Xiamen Hokkien) to shine for a short while (of the sun)
|(of fire) intense; raging • flourishing; prosperous • to burn ‖ (Hokkien) to macerate; to ret; to soak • (Xiamen Hokkien) to shine for a short while (of the sun)
|
|
Line 7,570: Line 9,215:
|熾 (eum 치 (chi))
|熾 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xé • Hán-Nôm : xế • Hán-Nôm : xi • Hán-Nôm : sí • Hán-Nôm : xí
|
|
|熾
|熾
|-
|-
|燄
|燄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yemX
|Alternative form of 焰 (yàn, “flame”)
|Alternative form of 焰 (yàn, “flame”)
|
|
Line 7,580: Line 9,227:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diễm • Hán-Nôm : diệm
|
|
|燄
|燄
|-
|-
|燉
|燉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn) : semantic 火 + phonetic 敦 (OC *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ • Middle-Chinese : thwon • Middle-Chinese : dwon
|to stew • to heat up (soup, wine, etc.) by steeping the container in hot water ‖ flaming; blazing
|to stew • to heat up (soup, wine, etc.) by steeping the container in hot water ‖ flaming; blazing
|
|
Line 7,590: Line 9,239:
|燉 • (don) · 燉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton)
|燉 • (don) · 燉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đôn • Hán-Nôm : đốn • Hán-Nôm : đun • Hán-Nôm : đón • Hán-Nôm : don • Hán-Nôm : giôn
|
|
|燉
|燉
|-
|-
|燎
|燎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rew, *rewʔ, *rews) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rew, *rewʔ, *rews) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 尞 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Middle-Chinese : ljew • Middle-Chinese : ljewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : ljewX
|torch • (alt. form 潦) to burn; to scald • (historical) offering involving burning wood ‖ to burn weeds • to singe; to scorch; to set on fire • (alt. form 爒) to roast
|torch • (alt. form 潦) to burn; to scald • (historical) offering involving burning wood ‖ to burn weeds • to singe; to scorch; to set on fire • (alt. form 爒) to roast
|
|
Line 7,600: Line 9,251:
|燎 • (ryo>yo) · 燎 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|燎 • (ryo>yo) · 燎 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liệu • Hán-Nôm : leo • Hán-Nôm : liêu • Hán-Nôm : riu
|
|
|燎
|燎
|-
|-
|燐
|燐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lin • Middle-Chinese : linH
|ignis fatuus • (chemistry) phosphorus
|ignis fatuus • (chemistry) phosphorus
| ‖ 燐(りん) or 燐(リン) • (rin)
| ‖ 燐(りん) or 燐(リン) • (rin)
|ignis fatuus • will-o'-the-wisp • phosphorus ‖ phosphorus
|ignis fatuus • will-o'-the-wisp • phosphorus ‖ phosphorus
|燐 (eum 린 (rin), South Korea 인 (in))
|燐 (eum 린 (rin), word-initial (South Korea) 인 (in))
|
|
|canonical : 燐: Hán Việt readings: lân
|
|
|燐
|燐
|-
|-
|燙
|燙
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋs) : phonetic 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ) + semantic 火. \ From 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, “hot water”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thòng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thòng
|to burn; to scald; to injure (with high temperature) • to warm; to heat something up (using hot water or fire) • to perm (one's hair) • (cooking) to blanch • (Cantonese) to iron • hot (because of high temperature)
|to burn; to scald; to injure (with high temperature) • to warm; to heat something up (using hot water or fire) • to perm (one's hair) • (cooking) to blanch • (Cantonese) to iron • hot (because of high temperature)
Line 7,620: Line 9,275:
|燙 • (tang) · 燙 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang)
|燙 • (tang) · 燙 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nãng • Hán-Nôm : năng • Hán-Nôm : nắng • Hán-Nôm : thãng • Hán-Nôm : thạng • Hán-Nôm : nẵng • Hán-Nôm : tãng • Hán-Nôm : tẵng • Hán-Nôm : tặng • Hán-Nôm : thẵng • Hán-Nôm : thẫng • Hán-Nôm : thậng
|
|
|燙
|燙
|-
|-
|燜
|燜
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn
|cook in a covered vessel • to casserole • to stew
|cook in a covered vessel • to casserole • to stew
Line 7,630: Line 9,287:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : muộn
|
|
|燜
|燜
|-
|-
|燦
|燦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 粲 (OC *sʰaːns) \ Same word as 粲 (OC *sʰaːns). See there for etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn • Middle-Chinese : tshanH
|vivid; illuminating • bright; lustrous
|vivid; illuminating • bright; lustrous
|
|
Line 7,640: Line 9,299:
|燦 (eum 찬 (chan))
|燦 (eum 찬 (chan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xán
|
|
|燦
|燦
|-
|-
|燧
|燧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljuds) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 遂 (OC *ljuds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suī • Middle-Chinese : zwijH
|flintstone • beacon fire; signal fire • torch
|flintstone • beacon fire; signal fire • torch
|
|
Line 7,650: Line 9,311:
|燧 • (su) · 燧 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|燧 • (su) · 燧 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : toại
|
|
|燧
|燧
|-
|-
|燬
|燬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmralʔ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 毀 (OC *hmralʔ, *hmrals). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej (“fire”); probably cognate with 火 (OC *qʰʷaːlʔ, “fire”) (STEDT).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí • Middle-Chinese : xjweX
|blazing fire • to burn up; to burn down
|blazing fire • to burn up; to burn down
|
|
Line 7,660: Line 9,323:
|燬 (eum 훼 (hwe))
|燬 (eum 훼 (hwe))
|burn down • blaze, fire
|burn down • blaze, fire
|Hán-Nôm : hủy • Hán-Nôm : huỷ
|
|
|燬
|燬
|-
|-
|燮
|燮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³ • Middle-Chinese : sep
|(literary) to harmonize; to mediate • (literary) harmonious • a surname
|(literary) to harmonize; to mediate • (literary) harmonious • a surname
|
|
Line 7,670: Line 9,335:
|燮 (eumhun 불꽃 섭 (bulkkot seop))
|燮 (eumhun 불꽃 섭 (bulkkot seop))
|harmonize, blend • adjust
|harmonize, blend • adjust
|
|
|
|燮
|燮
|-
|-
|燴
|燴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁶
|to ragout; to cook; to braise • (historical) Chinese dish consisting of fish grilled to the rare stage and then thinly sliced similar to tataki
|to ragout; to cook; to braise • (historical) Chinese dish consisting of fish grilled to the rare stage and then thinly sliced similar to tataki
Line 7,680: Line 9,347:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quái • Hán-Nôm : dõi • Hán-Nôm : dọi • Hán-Nôm : giõi • Hán-Nôm : giọi • Hán-Nôm : khoái • Hán-Nôm : rọi
|
|
|燴
|燴
|-
|-
|燻
|燻
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun).
|
|
|
|
Line 7,690: Line 9,359:
|燻 • (hun) · 燻 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
|燻 • (hun) · 燻 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : huân • Hán-Nôm : hun
|
|
|燻
|燻
|-
|-
|爍
|爍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰljawɢ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : syak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶
|to glisten; to glimmer • bright; brilliant; glittering • hot • to roast; to broil • Alternative form of 鑠／铄 (shuò, “to melt by heat; to fuse”) ‖ (Southern Min) to glisten; to glimmer ‖ Only used in 爆爍／爆烁.
|to glisten; to glimmer • bright; brilliant; glittering • hot • to roast; to broil • Alternative form of 鑠／铄 (shuò, “to melt by heat; to fuse”) ‖ (Southern Min) to glisten; to glimmer ‖ Only used in 爆爍／爆烁.
|
|
Line 7,700: Line 9,371:
|爍 (eum 삭 (sak))
|爍 (eum 삭 (sak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thước
|
|
|爍
|爍
|-
|-
|爛
|爛
|Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān
|Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān • Middle-Chinese : lanH
|(of fruits, etc.) rotten; spoiled; decayed • well-cooked; soft; mushy • broken; fragmented; shattered • low-quality; poor; lousy • to rot; to decay; to decompose; to spoil • completely; thoroughly • bright; brilliant; gorgeous; magnificent • (Cantonese) to be addicted to • (Cantonese) extremely • Used in 爛漫／烂漫 (lànmàn).
|(of fruits, etc.) rotten; spoiled; decayed • well-cooked; soft; mushy • broken; fragmented; shattered • low-quality; poor; lousy • to rot; to decay; to decompose; to spoil • completely; thoroughly • bright; brilliant; gorgeous; magnificent • (Cantonese) to be addicted to • (Cantonese) extremely • Used in 爛漫／烂漫 (lànmàn).
|
|
Line 7,710: Line 9,383:
|爛 • (ran>nan) · 爛 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|爛 • (ran>nan) · 爛 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lạn • Hán-Nôm : láng • Hán-Nôm : rạn
|
|
|爛
|爛
|-
|-
|爨
|爨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn
|
|to cook • cooker; cookstove • a surname • Short for 爨体 (“a style of calligraphy popular in 3rd-4th century AD, considered transitional in the development from clerical script to regular script”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tshwanH • Middle-Chinese : tshwan
|to cook • cooker; cookstove • a surname • Short for 爨體／爨体 (“a style of calligraphy popular in 3rd-4th century AD, considered transitional in the development from clerical script to regular script”).
|
|
|boil, cook
|boil, cook
|爨 (eumhun 부뚜막 찬 (buttumak chan))
|爨 (eumhun 부뚜막 찬 (buttumak chan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thoán
|
|
|爨
|爨
|-
|-
|爰
|爰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爫 (“hand, claw”) + 又 (“hand”) – the middle component has taken various forms. \ Contraction of 于時 (OC *ɢʷa djɯ) or 于是 (OC *ɢʷa djeʔ) (Smith, 2012).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjwon
|therefore, consequently • A sentence-initial particle
|therefore, consequently • A sentence-initial particle
|
|
Line 7,730: Line 9,407:
|爰 • (won) · 爰 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|爰 • (won) · 爰 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|lead on to • therefore • then
|lead on to • therefore • then
|Hán-Nôm : viên • Hán-Nôm : vươn
|
|
|爰
|爰
|-
|-
|爺
|爺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laː) : semantic 父 (“father”) + phonetic 耶 (OC *laː). \ Vovin and McCraw (2011) compare it to Old Turkic [script needed] (uya, “relative”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâ
|(literary, dialectal or in compounds) father • grandfather • (polite) grandpa; sir (term of address for an elderly man) • (archaic, honorific) sir (term of address for a rich or influential man) • (honorific) term of address for gods and the Buddha • (colloquial, derogatory or familiar, Northern China, male) I; me
|(literary, dialectal or in compounds) father • grandfather • (polite) grandpa; sir (term of address for an elderly man) • (archaic, honorific) sir (term of address for a rich or influential man) • (honorific) term of address for gods and the Buddha • (colloquial, derogatory or familiar, Northern China, male) I; me
| ‖ 爺(じい) • (jī) ^(←ぢい (dii)?) · 爺(じい) or 爺(じじ) or 爺(じゞ) or 爺(じじい) or 爺(じゞい) • (jī or jiji or jijī) ^(←ぢい (dii) or ぢぢ (didi) or ぢぢい (didii)?)
| ‖ 爺(じい) • (jī) ^(←ぢい (dii)?) · 爺(じい) or 爺(じじ) or 爺(じゞ) or 爺(じじい) or 爺(じゞい) • (jī or jiji or jijī) ^(←ぢい (dii) or ぢぢ (didi) or ぢぢい (didii)?)
Line 7,740: Line 9,419:
|爺 (eumhun 아비 야 (abi ya))
|爺 (eumhun 아비 야 (abi ya))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gia
|chữ Hán form of gia.
|chữ Hán form of gia.
|爺
|爺
|-
|-
|爻
|爻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngâu ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâu
|Pictogram (象形) : 乂 + 乂 – 2 stacked ‘X’ marks, indicating cuts or marks. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngâu • Middle-Chinese : haew ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâu
|a figure composed of six stacked horizontal lines; a hexagram of the I Ching ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 𠢕
|a figure composed of six stacked horizontal lines; a hexagram of the I Ching ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 𠢕
| ‖ 爻(こう) • (kō)
| ‖ 爻(こう) • (kō)
Line 7,750: Line 9,431:
|爻 • (hyo) · 爻 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)
|爻 • (hyo) · 爻 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : loài
|
|
|爻
|爻
|-
|-
|爾
|爾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nī ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : niā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niâ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn
|Pictogram (象形) – cloth on a loom, with threads crossing – original form of 檷 (OC *niːlʔ, “loom”). Used phonetically. \ ; “you; your” \ ; "that" ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn • Middle-Chinese : nyeX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nī ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : niā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niâ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn
|(literary or dialectal) you; your • (literary) so; this way • (literary or dialectal) this; that • (obsolete, of flowers) exuberant • (obsolete) a suffix or word-final particle indicating state, appearance, sound, or manner accompanying a verb • (literary) a sentence final particle; merely; only • a surname ‖  ‖ (Hokkien) that's all; nothing more; is all ‖ (Hokkien) only ‖ Used in transcription.
|(literary or dialectal) you; your • (literary) so; this way • (literary or dialectal) this; that • (obsolete, of flowers) exuberant • (obsolete) a suffix or word-final particle indicating state, appearance, sound, or manner accompanying a verb • (literary) a sentence final particle; merely; only • a surname ‖  ‖ (Hokkien) that's all; nothing more; is all ‖ (Hokkien) only ‖ Used in transcription.
| ‖ 爾(じ) • (ji) ‖ 爾(おれ) • (ore)
| ‖ 爾(じ) • (ji) ‖ 爾(おれ) • (ore)
Line 7,760: Line 9,443:
|爾 (eumhun 너 이 (neo i))
|爾 (eumhun 너 이 (neo i))
|
|
|canonical : 爾: Hán Việt readings: nhĩ 爾: Nôm readings: nhãi • canonical : nhĩ
|
|
|爾
|爾
|-
|-
|牆
|牆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 嗇 (“wheat in a granary”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng • Middle-Chinese : dzjang
|wall (Classifier: 面 m; 堵 m mn; 埲 c; 幅 c) • (Mainland China, Internet slang) Great Firewall • (Mainland China, Internet slang, usually passive) (the Great Firewall) to censor; to block (a website)
|wall (Classifier: 面 m; 堵 m mn; 埲 c; 幅 c) • (Mainland China, Internet slang) Great Firewall • (Mainland China, Internet slang, usually passive) (the Great Firewall) to censor; to block (a website)
|
|
Line 7,770: Line 9,455:
|牆 • (jang) · 牆 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|牆 • (jang) · 牆 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tường
|
|
|牆
|牆
|-
|-
|牒
|牒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep
|writing slip made of bamboo or wood in ancient China • official document or note; certificate; credentials • records of family pedigree; genealogical records • books; documents; records • plaint; indictment
|writing slip made of bamboo or wood in ancient China • official document or note; certificate; credentials • records of family pedigree; genealogical records • books; documents; records • plaint; indictment
|
|
Line 7,780: Line 9,467:
|牒 • (cheop) · 牒 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep)
|牒 • (cheop) · 牒 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điệp
|
|
|牒
|牒
|-
|-
|牖
|牖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : yuwX
|(literary) window • Alternative form of 誘／诱 (yòu, “to lead; to enlighten”)
|(literary) window • Alternative form of 誘／诱 (yòu, “to lead; to enlighten”)
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 7,790: Line 9,479:
|牖 • (yu) · 牖 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|牖 • (yu) · 牖 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũ
|
|
|牖
|牖
|-
|-
|牘
|牘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 片 (“slice”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Related to 讀 (OC *l'oːɡ, “read”), according to STEDT.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk
|wooden tablets or slips for writing in ancient China • document; archive • letter; correspondence
|wooden tablets or slips for writing in ancient China • document; archive • letter; correspondence
|
|
Line 7,800: Line 9,491:
|牘 • (dok) · 牘 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|牘 • (dok) · 牘 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dộc • Hán-Nôm : độc
|
|
|牘
|牘
|-
|-
|牝
|牝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bilʔ, *binʔ) : semantic 牛 (“cattle”) + phonetic 匕 (OC *pilʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pwi(y)-n (“female, mother, big, molar”) (STEDT, Schuessler (2007)). Cognate with Mizo pui (“(suffix or particle) full-grown female, mother (generally used of animals)”), ha-pui (“molar”); Jingpho wi ~ yi (“female”); etc.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : bjijX • Middle-Chinese : bjinX
|(of an animal) female • (literary) female genitalia • gorge; valley • type of keyhole in ancient times
|(of an animal) female • (literary) female genitalia • gorge; valley • type of keyhole in ancient times
|
|
Line 7,810: Line 9,503:
|牝 • (bin) · 牝 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|牝 • (bin) · 牝 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tẫn
|
|
|牝
|牝
|-
|-
|牟
|牟
|Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶
|Ideogram (指事) : An ox (牛) with a symbol (now 厶) to represent its lowing. \ ; “moo” \ ; “to seek; to obtain” \ ; “to love” \ ; “look; appearance” \ ; “spear” ‖ Ideogram (指事) : An ox (牛) with a symbol (now 厶) to represent its lowing. \ ; “moo” \ ; “to seek; to obtain” \ ; “to love” \ ; “look; appearance” \ ; “spear”
|Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biô • Middle-Chinese : mjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶
|(onomatopoeia) the sound of cattle: moo • to seek; to obtain; to seize • to exceed; to increase; to double • broad; great • longlasting • (Han dynasty, Sòng-Lǔ dialect) to love • look; appearance • spear • Alternative form of 麰／𮮇 (móu, “barley”) • Alternative form of 眸 (móu, “eyeball”) • Alternative form of 堥 (“earthen pot”) • Alternative form of 侔 (móu, “to be equal”) • Alternative form of 鍪 (móu, “helmet”) • (～國) (historical) Mou (an ancient state in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname ‖ Used in place names. • a surname
|(onomatopoeia) the sound of cattle: moo • to seek; to obtain; to seize • to exceed; to increase; to double • broad; great • longlasting • (Han dynasty, Sòng-Lǔ dialect) to love • look; appearance • spear • Alternative form of 麰／𮮇 (móu, “barley”) • Alternative form of 眸 (móu, “eyeball”) • Alternative form of 堥 (“earthen pot”) • Alternative form of 侔 (móu, “to be equal”) • Alternative form of 鍪 (móu, “helmet”) • (～國) (historical) Mou (an ancient state in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname ‖ Used in place names. • a surname
|
|
Line 7,820: Line 9,515:
|牟 • (mo) · 牟 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|牟 • (mo) · 牟 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mưu • Hán-Nôm : màu • Hán-Nôm : mâu • Hán-Nôm : mầu • Hán-Nôm : mào
|
|
|牟
|牟
|-
|-
|牠
|牠
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho
|(animal) it
|(animal) it
Line 7,830: Line 9,527:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tha
|
|
|牠
|牠
|-
|-
|牯
|牯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːʔ) : semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ) \ Wang (1982) related this word to 羖 (OC *klaːʔ, “(black) ram”) and 豭 (OC *kraː, “boar”). \ However, Schuessler (2007) suggested an Austroasiatic origin: compare these Bahnaric lexical items Koho klaw, Chrau klo:, Bulo Stieng klaw "male" (all from Proto-Bahnaric *kləw < Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁l(ə)w(ʔ) (“male”)), as well as Khmer ខ្លោះ (khlɑh, “male, virile”), កំលោះ (kɑmlɑh, “young man”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX
|bull; ox (especially castrated) • cow (female) • (Hakka, Teochew, suffix) male
|bull; ox (especially castrated) • cow (female) • (Hakka, Teochew, suffix) male
|
|
Line 7,840: Line 9,539:
|牯 • (go) · 牯 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|牯 • (go) · 牯 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổ
|
|
|牯
|牯
|-
|-
|牴
|牴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Middle-Chinese : tejX
|(literary) to gore; to butt • (literary, by extension) to conflict; to contradict
|(literary) to gore; to butt • (literary, by extension) to conflict; to contradict
|
|
|
|
|牴 • (jeo) · 牴 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|牴 • (jeo) · 牴 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,854: Line 9,556:
|-
|-
|犄
|犄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i • Middle-Chinese : 'je
| ‖ ^‡ castrated male bovine • ^‡ Name of a kind of bovine. • ^‡ Alternative form of 猗
| ‖ ^‡ castrated male bovine • ^‡ Name of a kind of bovine. • ^‡ Alternative form of 猗
|
|
Line 7,860: Line 9,563:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 犄: Hán Việt readings: cơ 犄: Nôm readings: cơ
|chữ Hán form of cơ.
|chữ Hán form of cơ.
|犄
|犄
|-
|-
|犒
|犒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːws) : semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou³ • Middle-Chinese : khawH
|to reward troops with food and drink; to feast
|to reward troops with food and drink; to feast
|
|
|
|
|犒 • (ho) · 犒 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|犒 • (ho) · 犒 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,874: Line 9,580:
|-
|-
|犖
|犖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶
|
|(literary) brindled ox • (literary) brindled in color • (literary) evident; conspicuous • Used in 犖确／荦确 (luòquè).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ • Middle-Chinese : laewk
|(literary) brindled ox • (literary) brindled in color • (literary) evident; conspicuous • Used in 犖确 (luòquè).
|
|
|
|
|犖 • (rak>nak) · 犖 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)
|犖 • (rak>nak) · 犖 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,884: Line 9,592:
|-
|-
|犛
|犛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴
|Earliest extant attestation is in Discourses of the States: \ * \ 不然，巴浦之犀、犛、兕、象，其可盡乎，其又以規為瑱也？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]不然，巴浦之犀、牦、兕、象，其可尽乎，其又以规为瑱也？ [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Guoyu, circa 4ᵗʰ century BCE \ Bùrán, Bā Pǔ zhī xī, máo/lí, sì, xiàng, qí kě jìn hū, qí yòu yǐ guī wéi tiàn yě? [Pinyin] \ ‘Otherwise, it is because rhinoceros, yaks, wild bovids and elephants in Ba and Pu have become extinct, and for this reason you use my recommendations as earplugs (which are made from the bones of these exotic animals)?’ \ According to Schuessler (2007), 犛 (OC *rə) > lí is either related to or borrowed from Tibetan འབྲི ('bri, “female yak”). \ Jacques, d'Alpoim Guedes and Zhang (2021) propose 犛 (OC *mrˁu) > máo could reflect a borrowing from Rgyalrongic language after loss of final *-ŋ, thus making it cognate to Rgyalrongic terms for "male yak" like Tshobdun qɐⁿbrúʔ, Zbu qɐⁿbrúʔ, Situ kəmbrû, Japhug qambrɯ, and Khroskyabs [script needed] (ʁbrô); as well as Tibetan འབྲོང ('brong, “wild yak”) and Burmese ပြောင် (praung, “gaur”), etc. all from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brawŋ (“wild yak, buffalo”) (STEDT).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : li • Middle-Chinese : loj • Middle-Chinese : maew
|yak
|yak
|
|
Line 7,890: Line 9,599:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : mao
|
|
|犛
|犛
|-
|-
|犢
|犢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with 羭 (OC *lo, “sheep”), Tibetan ལུག (lug, “sheep”). \ Other etymologies have been proposed: \ * Boodberg (1937) relates it to Tibetan ཕྲུག (phrug, “calf”), which Schuessler (2007) deems unlikely. \ * Norman (1988) suggests that it may be a loan from Mongolic or Tungusic; compare Mongolian ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ (tuɣul, “calf”), Manchu ᡨᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (tukšan, “calf”). This is an unlikely etymology due to recent developments in the reconstruction of Old Chinese, where *l- (rather than older reconstructions with *d-) would be a poor match for Mongolic/Tungusic t-, as well as new archaeological evidence suggesting that the word is likely older than previously assumed (Miyake, 2017; Cao, 2021). \ * It could also be related to 畜 (OC *l̥ʰuɡs, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ, “to nourish; domestic animal”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk
|calf (young cow or bull) • a surname
|calf (young cow or bull) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|犢 • (dok) · 犢 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|犢 • (dok) · 犢 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|
|
|
|
|
|犢
|犢
|-
|犧
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 羲 (OC *hŋral). \ Cognate with 儀 (OC *ŋral, “ceremony; appearance”). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje
|(historical) pure-colored sacrificial animal • sacrifice
|
|
|犧 • (hui, sa) · 犧 • (hui, sa) (hangeul 희, 사, revised hui, sa, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, sa, Yale huy, sa)
|
|canonical : 犧: Hán Việt readings: hy • canonical : hi 犧: Nôm readings: hi
|chữ Hán form of hi (“certain types of sacrifice”).
|犧
|-
|-
|状
|状
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,909: Line 9,634:
|condition • form • appearance • letter ‖ being in such condition • having such form or appearance • letter, card, written notice
|condition • form • appearance • letter ‖ being in such condition • having such form or appearance • letter, card, written notice
|状 • (jang, sang) · 状 • (jang, sang) (hangeul 장, 상, revised jang, sang, McCune–Reischauer chang, sang, Yale cang, sang)
|状 • (jang, sang) · 状 • (jang, sang) (hangeul 장, 상, revised jang, sang, McCune–Reischauer chang, sang, Yale cang, sang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,914: Line 9,640:
|-
|-
|狄
|狄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k
|;"northern foreigners" \ ;"low servant"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek
|the Di people; Zhou dynasty era term for tribes from northern China • low servant • Alternative form of 翟 • a surname
|the Di people; Zhou dynasty era term for tribes from northern China • low servant • Alternative form of 翟 • a surname
|
|
|barbarian
|barbarian
|狄 (eumhun 오랑캐 적 (orangkae jeok))
|狄 (eumhun 오랑캐 적 (orangkae jeok))
|Hanja form of 적 (“tribe from northern China”).
|hanja form of 적 (“tribe from northern China”)
|Hán-Nôm : địch • Hán-Nôm : đệt
|
|
|狄
|狄
|-
|-
|狎
|狎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːb) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : haep
|(literary) to be used to; to be familiar with • (literary) to get close to; to become intimate with • (literary) to slight; to neglect • (literary) to tease; to play tricks on
|(literary) to be used to; to be familiar with • (literary) to get close to; to become intimate with • (literary) to slight; to neglect • (literary) to tease; to play tricks on
|
|
Line 7,930: Line 9,659:
|狎 • (ap) · 狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap)
|狎 • (ap) · 狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : hạp
|
|
|狎
|狎
|-
|-
|独
|独
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 独(どく) • (doku) ^(←どく (doku)?)
| ‖ 独(どく) • (doku) ^(←どく (doku)?)
|solo, monad • single ‖ solitary • Short for ドイツ／独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany (a country)”).
|solo, monad • single ‖ solitary • Short for ドイツ／独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany (a country)”).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,944: Line 9,676:
|-
|-
|狭
|狭
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 狭(さ) • (sa) ‖ 狭(せ) • (se) ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba) ^†-nari ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba)
| ‖ 狭(さ) • (sa) ‖ 狭(せ) • (se) ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba) ^†-nari ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba)
|cramped • narrow • contract • tight ‖ narrow, small ‖ (archaic) narrowness ‖ (archaic, Classical Japanese) narrow ‖ Short for 狭縮緬 (sebachirimen /⁠せばちりめん⁠/).
|cramped • narrow • contract • tight ‖ narrow, small ‖ (archaic) narrowness ‖ (archaic, Classical Japanese) narrow ‖ Short for 狭縮緬 (sebachirimen /⁠せばちりめん⁠/).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 7,954: Line 9,688:
|-
|-
|狷
|狷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwenH • Middle-Chinese : kjwienH
|(literary) rash; impetuous; impulsive • (literary) reserved; overcautious • (literary) upright (of character)
|(literary) rash; impetuous; impulsive • (literary) reserved; overcautious • (literary) upright (of character)
|
|
|narrow • short-tempered
|narrow • short-tempered
|狷 • (gyeon) · 狷 • (gyeon) (hangeul 견, revised gyeon, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, Yale kyen)
|狷 • (gyeon) · 狷 • (gyeon) (hangeul 견, revised gyeon, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, Yale kyen)
|
|
|
|
|
|狷
|狷
|-
|-
|狽
|狹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb) – narrow-minded, like a dog. \ The endopassive of 夾 (OC *kreːb, “to press between”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjap (“narrow; crowded”), from which Burmese ကျပ် (kyap, “tight”) is derived (STEDT).
|(mythology) a legendary wolf-like animal with short forelegs and long hind legs • distressed • wretched
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ere̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Middle-Chinese : heap
|narrow (of rooms, pants, streets, etc.); tight • narrow-minded; narrow (of one's thinking, knowledge, mind, etc.)
|
|
|narrow • contract • reduce • tight • limited
|狹 • (hyeop) · 狹 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)
|
|
|狽 • (pae) · 狽 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pae, McCune–Reischauer p'ae, Yale phay)
|Hán-Nôm : hẹp • Hán-Nôm : hiẹp • Hán-Nôm : hệp
|
|
|狹
|-
|狽
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːds) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 貝 (OC *paːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Middle-Chinese : pajH
|(mythology) a legendary wolf-like animal with short forelegs and long hind legs • distressed • wretched
|
|
|狽 • (pae) · 狽 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pae, McCune–Reischauer p'ae, Yale phay)
|
|Hán-Nôm : bái
|
|
|狽
|狽
|-
|-
|猙
|猙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ, *zeŋʔ) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : tsreang • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX
|fierce-looking; ferocious • (literary, Chinese mythology) a red leopard-like creature with one horn
|fierce-looking; ferocious • (literary, Chinese mythology) a red leopard-like creature with one horn
|
|
Line 7,980: Line 9,731:
|猙 • (jaeng) · 猙 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|猙 • (jaeng) · 猙 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tranh
|
|
|猙
|猙
|-
|-
|猥
|猥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ué
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːlʔ) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 畏 (OC *quls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ué • Middle-Chinese : 'wojX
|(obsolete) to accumulate • (obsolete) many; numerous • (literary) numerous and chaotic • (literary) lowly; obscene • (obsolete) incorrectly; erroneously • (obsolete) suddenly • (Lichuan Gan) to play
|(obsolete) to accumulate • (obsolete) many; numerous • (literary) numerous and chaotic • (literary) lowly; obscene • (obsolete) incorrectly; erroneously • (obsolete) suddenly • (Lichuan Gan) to play
|
|
Line 7,990: Line 9,743:
|猥 (eum 외 (oe))
|猥 (eum 외 (oe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ổi
|
|
|猥
|猥
|-
|-
|猫
|猫
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrew) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew).
|
|
|
|
Line 7,999: Line 9,754:
| ‖ a cat ‖ (obsolete) a cat
| ‖ a cat ‖ (obsolete) a cat
|
|
|Hanja form of 묘 (“cat”).
|hanja form of 묘 (“cat”)
|
|
|
|猫
|猫
|-
|-
|献
|献
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|offer, present • show, display
|offer, present • show, display
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,014: Line 9,772:
|-
|-
|猷
|猷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû • Middle-Chinese : yuw
|to plan, scheme • plan, plot • way
|to plan, scheme • plan, plot • way
|
|
Line 8,020: Line 9,779:
|猷 (eum 유 (yu))
|猷 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : du
|
|
|猷
|猷
|-
|-
|獅
|獅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sri) : semantic 犭 (“dog; beast”) + phonetic 師 (OC *sri). \ Originally written as 師. Earliest written attestations in the Eastern Han era include the Book of Han [before 111], the surviving portion of the Dongguan Hanji [c. 150], and Lokakṣema's translation of the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā [179]. The term is possibly of Iranian origin. In the Book of Han, the lion was described as indigenous to the historical 烏弋山離 (OC *qaː lɯɡ sreːn rel, “Alexandria”), possibly Alexandria Prophthasia (Yu, 1998), which was part of the Parthian Empire at the time. The Dongguan mentions a lion as a gift from the Shule Kingdom in the year 133, where a Saka language was spoken then. Earlier definite dates associated with the lion mentioned in the Book of the Later Han include the year 87, when a gift lion from the Yuezhi was recorded. \ Compare Proto-Iranian *cárguš (“lion”). Possibly related to 狻猊 (OC *sloːn ŋeː). \ Meanwhile, Adams (2013) postulates possible Tocharian connections; cf. Tocharian B ṣecake and etymologies.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir • Middle-Chinese : srij
|lion
|lion
| ‖ 獅(し) • (shi)
| ‖ 獅(し) • (shi)
|a lion ‖ lion
|a lion ‖ lion
|獅 (eumhun 사자 사 (saja sa))
|獅 (eumhun 사자 사 (saja sa))
|Hanja form of 사 (“lion”).
|hanja form of 사 (“lion”)
|canonical : 獅: Hán Việt readings: sư 獅: Nôm readings: sư
|chữ Hán form of sư (“lion”).
|chữ Hán form of sư (“lion”).
|獅
|獅
|-
|-
|獎
|獎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋʔ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 犬 (“dog”). The significance of 犬 is debated; cf. the same radical in 獻.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX
|to reward someone with something as encouragement; to award • reward; prize • prize money
|to reward someone with something as encouragement; to award • reward; prize • prize money
|
|
Line 8,040: Line 9,803:
|獎 (eum 장 (jang))
|獎 (eum 장 (jang))
|Alternative form of 奬
|Alternative form of 奬
|Hán-Nôm : tưởng
|
|
|獎
|獎
|-
|-
|獐
|獐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Middle-Chinese : tsyang
|water deer
|water deer
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 8,050: Line 9,815:
|獐 (eumhun 노루 장 (noru jang))
|獐 (eumhun 노루 장 (noru jang))
|roe deer
|roe deer
|canonical : 獐: Hán Việt readings: chương 獐: Nôm readings: chương
|chữ Hán form of chương (“musk deer”).
|chữ Hán form of chương (“musk deer”).
|獐
|獐
|-
|-
|獗
|獗
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ
|Only used in 猖獗 (chāngjué).
|Only used in 猖獗 (chāngjué).
Line 8,059: Line 9,826:
|
|
|獗 • (gwol) · 獗 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel)
|獗 • (gwol) · 獗 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,064: Line 9,832:
|-
|-
|獰
|獰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : nraeng
|ferocious; hideous
|ferocious; hideous
|
|
|
|
|獰 (eumhun 모질 녕 (mojil nyeong), South Korea 모질 영 (mojil yeong))
|獰 (eumhun 모질 녕 (mojil nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 모질 영 (mojil yeong))
|Hanja form of 녕/영 (“ferocious; hideous”).
|hanja form of 녕/영 (“ferocious; hideous”)
|
|
|
|獰
|獰
|-
|-
|獷
|獷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwangX • Middle-Chinese : kwaengX
|
|
|
|
Line 8,080: Line 9,851:
|獷 • (gwang) · 獷 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|獷 • (gwang) · 獷 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quánh
|
|
|獷
|獷
|-
|-
|獺
|獺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah • Middle-Chinese : that • Middle-Chinese : trhaet
|otter
|otter
| ‖ 獺(うそ) • (uso)
| ‖ 獺(うそ) • (uso)
|otter ‖ an otter
|otter ‖ an otter
|獺 (eumhun 수달 달 (sudal dal))
|獺 (eumhun 수달 달 (sudal dal))
|Hanja form of 달 (“otter”).
|hanja form of 달 (“otter”)
|Hán-Nôm : thát • Hán-Nôm : rái
|
|
|獺
|獺
|-
|-
|玀
|玀
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴
|Used in 豬玀／猪猡 (zhūluó, “pig”). • Used in 猓玀／猓猡 (Guǒluó, “the Yi people”).
|Used in 豬玀／猪猡 (zhūluó, “pig”). • Used in 猓玀／猓猡 (Guǒluó, “the Yi people”).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,104: Line 9,880:
|-
|-
|玟
|玟
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ
|(literary) veins in jade
|(literary) veins in jade
Line 8,109: Line 9,886:
|
|
|玟 • (min) · 玟 • (min) (hangeul 민)
|玟 • (min) · 玟 • (min) (hangeul 민)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,114: Line 9,892:
|-
|-
|玳
|玳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Middle-Chinese : dojH • Middle-Chinese : dowk
|Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào); also used as its short form.
|Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào); also used as its short form.
|
|
Line 8,120: Line 9,899:
|玳 • (dae) · 玳 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay)
|玳 • (dae) · 玳 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay)
|
|
|canonical : 玳: Hán Việt readings: đại 玳: Nôm readings: đồi • canonical : đại
|chữ Hán form of đại (“only used in 玳瑁 (đại mội)”). • Nôm form of đồi (“tortoise shell”).
|chữ Hán form of đại (“only used in 玳瑁 (đại mội)”). • Nôm form of đồi (“tortoise shell”).
|玳
|玳
|-
|-
|珀
|珀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paak³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰraːɡ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paak³ • Middle-Chinese : phaek
|Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”).
|Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”).
|
|
Line 8,130: Line 9,911:
|珀 • (bak) · 珀 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)
|珀 • (bak) · 珀 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phách
|
|
|珀
|珀
|-
|-
|珊
|珊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan • Middle-Chinese : san
|coral • Used in compounds.
|coral • Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 8,140: Line 9,923:
|珊 (eum 산 (san))
|珊 (eum 산 (san))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : san
|
|
|珊
|珊
|-
|-
|珮
|珮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua̍h
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua̍h • Middle-Chinese : bwojH
|(historical) jade ornament worn as a pendant on the waist • Alternative form of 佩 (pèi, “to wear on the waist”)
|(historical) jade ornament worn as a pendant on the waist • Alternative form of 佩 (pèi, “to wear on the waist”)
|
|
|bauble; jewel
|bauble; jewel
|珮 (eum 패 (pae))
|珮 (eum 패 (pae))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,154: Line 9,940:
|-
|-
|琊
|琊
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 邪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁴
|Used in 瑯琊／琅琊 (Lángyá).
|Used in 瑯琊／琅琊 (Lángyá).
|
|
|(arch.) place in eastern Shandong
|(arch.) place in eastern Shandong
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,164: Line 9,952:
|-
|-
|琥
|琥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlaːʔ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 虎 (OC *qʰlaːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóo • Middle-Chinese : xuX
|Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”).
|Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”).
|
|
Line 8,170: Line 9,959:
|琥 • (ho) · 琥 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|琥 • (ho) · 琥 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hổ
|
|
|琥
|琥
|-
|-
|琪
|琪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gi
|a beautiful jade; also connotes flourishing flowers and plants; a metaphor for precious things
|a beautiful jade; also connotes flourishing flowers and plants; a metaphor for precious things
|
|
Line 8,180: Line 9,971:
|琪 • (gi) · 琪 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|琪 • (gi) · 琪 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|fine jade
|fine jade
|Hán-Nôm : kì
|
|
|琪
|琪
|-
|-
|琶
|琶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe • Middle-Chinese : bae
|Only used in 琵琶. • a kind of method of playing pipa
|Only used in 琵琶. • a kind of method of playing pipa
|
|
|Lute
|Lute
|琶 • (pa) · 琶 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
|琶 • (pa) · 琶 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,194: Line 9,988:
|-
|-
|琺
|琺
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat³
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat³
|Used in 琺瑯／珐琅 (fàláng). • a surname
|Used in 琺瑯／珐琅 (fàláng). • a surname
Line 8,199: Line 9,994:
|
|
|琺 • (beop) · 琺 • (beop) (hangeul 법, revised beop, McCune–Reischauer pŏp, Yale pep)
|琺 • (beop) · 琺 • (beop) (hangeul 법, revised beop, McCune–Reischauer pŏp, Yale pep)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,204: Line 10,000:
|-
|-
|琿
|琿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Middle-Chinese : hwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ
|Used in 璦琿／瑷珲 (Àihuī). • (literary) beautiful jade ‖ Used in a place name • (literary) beautiful jade
|Used in 璦琿／瑷珲 (Àihuī). • (literary) beautiful jade ‖ Used in a place name • (literary) beautiful jade
|
|
Line 8,210: Line 10,007:
|琿 • (heun) · 琿 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)
|琿 • (heun) · 琿 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)
|beautiful jade, gem
|beautiful jade, gem
|
|
|
|琿
|琿
|-
|-
|瑁
|瑁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡs, *muːɡ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 冒 (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mawH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwojH • Middle-Chinese : mowk
|jade used by Son of Heaven to be pieced together with feudal lords' ceremonical jade gui (圭) ‖ Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào, dàimèi).
|jade used by Son of Heaven to be pieced together with feudal lords' ceremonical jade gui (圭) ‖ Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào, dàimèi).
|
|
|jade used by emperor of China
|jade used by emperor of China
|瑁 • (mo, mae) · 瑁 • (mo, mae) (hangeul 모, 매, revised mo, mae, McCune–Reischauer mo, mae, Yale mo, may)
|瑁 • (mo, mae) · 瑁 • (mo, mae) (hangeul 모, 매, revised mo, mae, McCune–Reischauer mo, mae, Yale mo, may)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,224: Line 10,024:
|-
|-
|瑕
|瑕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraː) : semantic 𤣩 + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Middle-Chinese : hae
|flaw; blemish
|flaw; blemish
| ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka) ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka)
| ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka) ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka)
Line 8,230: Line 10,031:
|瑕 • (ha) · 瑕 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|瑕 • (ha) · 瑕 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hà
|
|
|瑕
|瑕
|-
|-
|瑚
|瑚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : hu
|Used in 珊瑚 (shānhú)
|Used in 珊瑚 (shānhú)
|
|
Line 8,240: Line 10,043:
|瑚 (eumhun 산호 호 (sanho ho))
|瑚 (eumhun 산호 호 (sanho ho))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hô • Hán-Nôm : hồ
|
|
|瑚
|瑚
|-
|-
|瑛
|瑛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'jaeng
|(literary) luster of jade • (literary) beautiful jade; jade-like stone • Alternative form of 英 (yīng, “outstanding figure”)
|(literary) luster of jade • (literary) beautiful jade; jade-like stone • Alternative form of 英 (yīng, “outstanding figure”)
|
|
Line 8,250: Line 10,055:
|瑛 (eum 영 (yeong))
|瑛 (eum 영 (yeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : anh
|
|
|瑛
|瑛
|-
|-
|瑜
|瑜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lo) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : yu
|^⁜ fine jade • ^⁜ luster of gems • Used in transcription of Sanskrit terms. • Used in personal names.
|^⁜ fine jade • ^⁜ luster of gems • Used in transcription of Sanskrit terms. • Used in personal names.
|
|
Line 8,260: Line 10,067:
|瑜 (eumhun 아름다운 옥 유 (areumdaun ok yu))
|瑜 (eumhun 아름다운 옥 유 (areumdaun ok yu))
|beautiful jade
|beautiful jade
|Hán-Nôm : du
|
|
|瑜
|瑜
|-
|-
|瑣
|瑣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só • Middle-Chinese : swaX
|petty; trivial; insignificant • low; base • Original form of 鎖／锁 (suǒ, “chain; lock”). • chain-like pattern • ^‡ sound of jade; fragments of jade • a surname
|petty; trivial; insignificant • low; base • Original form of 鎖／锁 (suǒ, “chain; lock”). • chain-like pattern • ^‡ sound of jade; fragments of jade • a surname
|
|
Line 8,270: Line 10,079:
|瑣 • (swae) · 瑣 • (swae) (hangeul 쇄, revised swae, McCune–Reischauer swae, Yale sway)
|瑣 • (swae) · 瑣 • (swae) (hangeul 쇄, revised swae, McCune–Reischauer swae, Yale sway)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tỏa • Hán-Nôm : toả
|
|
|瑣
|瑣
|-
|-
|瑤
|瑤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu • Middle-Chinese : yew
|(literary) precious jade • (literary) fine; precious • (～族) Yao people
|(literary) precious jade • (literary) fine; precious • (～族) Yao people
|
|
Line 8,280: Line 10,091:
|瑤 • (yo) · 瑤 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|瑤 • (yo) · 瑤 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|canonical : 瑤: Hán Việt readings: dao
|
|
|瑤
|瑤
|-
|-
|瑩
|瑩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs) : abbreviated phonetic 熒 (OC *ɡʷeːŋ) + semantic 玉 (“jade”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : hjwaeng • Middle-Chinese : 'engH
|lustrous and transparent • (literary) jade-like stone • (literary) luster of gems • (literary) to polish; to adorn
|lustrous and transparent • (literary) jade-like stone • (literary) luster of gems • (literary) to polish; to adorn
|
|
Line 8,290: Line 10,103:
|瑩 (eum 영 (yeong))
|瑩 (eum 영 (yeong))
|lustre of gems • bright, lustrous
|lustre of gems • bright, lustrous
|Hán-Nôm : oánh • Hán-Nôm : oành
|
|
|瑩
|瑩
|-
|-
|瑪
|瑪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːʔ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Middle-Chinese : maeX
|Used in 瑪瑙／玛瑙 (mǎnǎo). • a surname • Used in transcription.
|Used in 瑪瑙／玛瑙 (mǎnǎo). • a surname • Used in transcription.
|
|
Line 8,300: Line 10,115:
|瑪 • (ma) · 瑪 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|瑪 • (ma) · 瑪 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mã • Hán-Nôm : mẽ
|
|
|瑪
|瑪
|-
|-
|瑯
|瑯
|Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːŋ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 郎 (OC *raːŋ)
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : long • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : long • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|
|
Line 8,310: Line 10,127:
|瑯 • (rang>nang) · 瑯 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
|瑯 • (rang>nang) · 瑯 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lang
|
|
|瑯
|瑯
|-
|-
|璋
|璋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyang
|a small jade ornament that can be hung at the waist or on other items such as fans, swords, or even lanterns • jade plaything
|a small jade ornament that can be hung at the waist or on other items such as fans, swords, or even lanterns • jade plaything
|
|
|
|
|璋 • (jang) · 璋 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|璋 • (jang) · 璋 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,324: Line 10,144:
|-
|-
|璜
|璜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːŋ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang
|(historical) semi-circular jade pendant used for ritual and ornamental purposes • Used in 璜璜.
|(historical) semi-circular jade pendant used for ritual and ornamental purposes • Used in 璜璜.
|
|
Line 8,330: Line 10,151:
|璜 • (hwang) · 璜 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|璜 • (hwang) · 璜 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|a semicircular jade ornament used as a pendant
|a semicircular jade ornament used as a pendant
|
|
|
|璜
|璜
|-
|-
|璣
|璣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Middle-Chinese : kj+j
|imperfect pearl • (historical) an ancient astronomical instrument
|imperfect pearl • (historical) an ancient astronomical instrument
|
|
|
|
|璣 • (gi) · 璣 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|璣 • (gi) · 璣 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,344: Line 10,168:
|-
|-
|璦
|璦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯːds) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 愛 (OC *qɯːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi³ • Middle-Chinese : 'ojH
|fine quality jade
|fine quality jade
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,354: Line 10,180:
|-
|-
|瓊
|瓊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : king⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeŋ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 夐 (OC *qʰʷeːns, *qʰʷeŋs). ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 瓊 – see 璿. \ (This character is a variant form of 璿). \ Borrowed from English June.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông • Middle-Chinese : gjwieng ‖  
|(literary) fine jade (particularly red jade) • (literary) elegant; exquisite; beautiful • (abbreviation) Hainan • a surname ‖ A transliteration of the English female given name June
|(literary) fine jade (particularly red jade) • (literary) elegant; exquisite; beautiful • (abbreviation) Hainan • a surname ‖ A transliteration of the English female given name June
|
|
Line 8,360: Line 10,187:
|瓊 • (gyeong) · 瓊 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|瓊 • (gyeong) · 瓊 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quỳnh • Hán-Nôm : quạnh • Hán-Nôm : quầng • Hán-Nôm : quýnh • Hán-Nôm : quành • Hán-Nôm : quềnh • Hán-Nôm : lương
|
|
|瓊
|瓊
|-
|-
|瓏
|瓏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : long
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : long • Middle-Chinese : luwng
|a kind of jade that is for requesting rain and has the figure of a Chinese dragon on it
|a kind of jade that is for requesting rain and has the figure of a Chinese dragon on it
|
|
Line 8,370: Line 10,199:
|瓏 • (rong>nong) · 瓏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|瓏 • (rong>nong) · 瓏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lung • Hán-Nôm : long
|
|
|瓏
|瓏
|-
|-
|瓠
|瓠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ
| ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : huH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ
|calabash gourd ‖ (obsolete) Used in 瓠蘆／瓠芦, alternative form of 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu, “bottle gourd; calabash”) • (obsolete) container made of a large old bottle gourd • (obsolete) Alternative form of 壺／壶 (hú, “jar; jog”) • (Taiwanese Hakka) bottle gourd; calabash ‖ (obsolete) Only used in 瓠落 (“vast; spacious; frustrated”). ‖ Only used in 瓠讘／瓠𰵹 (“a county during the Han dynasty”).
|calabash gourd ‖ (obsolete) Used in 瓠蘆／瓠芦, alternative form of 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu, “bottle gourd; calabash”) • (obsolete) container made of a large old bottle gourd • (obsolete) Alternative form of 壺／壶 (hú, “jar; jog”) • (Taiwanese Hakka) bottle gourd; calabash ‖ (obsolete) Only used in 瓠落 (“vast; spacious; frustrated”). ‖ Only used in 瓠讘／瓠𰵹 (“a county during the Han dynasty”).
|
|
|gourd
|gourd
|瓠 • (ho) · 瓠 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|瓠 • (ho) · 瓠 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,384: Line 10,216:
|-
|-
|甄
|甄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ken, *kin) : phonetic 垔 (OC *qin) + semantic 瓦.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Middle-Chinese : kjien
|to make pottery • potter's wheel • to examine; to distinguish; to select the best • a surname
|to make pottery • potter's wheel • to examine; to distinguish; to select the best • a surname
| ‖ 甄(けん) • (ken) ‖ 甄(けん) • (Ken)
| ‖ 甄(けん) • (ken) ‖ 甄(けん) • (Ken)
Line 8,390: Line 10,223:
|甄 • (gyeon, jin) · 甄 • (gyeon, jin) (hangeul 견, 진, revised gyeon, jin, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, chin, Yale kyen, cin)
|甄 • (gyeon, jin) · 甄 • (gyeon, jin) (hangeul 견, 진, revised gyeon, jin, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, chin, Yale kyen, cin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chân • Hán-Nôm : nhân
|
|
|甄
|甄
|-
|-
|甌
|甌
|Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo, “vessel”) + semantic 瓦 (“pottery”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) (reconstructed provisionally). Related to 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”) and possibly 甕 (OC *qoːŋs, “urn”). Compare Burmese အိုး (ui:, “pot”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw
|small bowl; small cup; small tray • Abbreviation of 溫州／温州 (Wēnzhōu): Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, in southeastern China) • a surname • (Penang Hokkien) cup • (Penang Hokkien) classifier for cups of drinks
|small bowl; small cup; small tray • Abbreviation of 溫州／温州 (Wēnzhōu): Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, in southeastern China) • a surname • (Penang Hokkien) cup • (Penang Hokkien) classifier for cups of drinks
|
|
Line 8,400: Line 10,235:
|甌 (eum 구 (gu))
|甌 (eum 구 (gu))
|bowl, cup • small tray
|bowl, cup • small tray
|Hán-Nôm : âu
|
|
|甌
|甌
|-
|-
|甕
|甕
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːŋs) : phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan (Unger, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) provisionally. \ Within Chinese, compare 甌 (OC *qoː, “small bowl; small cup”), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), 罌 (OC *qreːŋ, “earthen jar”), 盎 (OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs, “earthen jar”), 癰 (OC *qoŋ, “carbuncle; ulcer”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). \ Also compare Tibetan གཞོང (gzhong, “basin; tub; bowl”), Lepcha ᰈᰨᰵᰕᰨ (joŋ-mo, “bucket, tub”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-loŋ² (“pot”) (Unger, 1999).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng • Middle-Chinese : 'uwngH
|urn; pottery jar • a surname
|urn; pottery jar • a surname
| ‖ 甕(かめ) • (kame) ‖ 甕(みか) • (mika) ‖ 甕(みかわ) • (mikawa) ‖ 甕(もたい) • (motai) ^(←もたひ (motafi)?) ‖ 甕(たしらか) • (tashiraka)
| ‖ 甕(かめ) • (kame) ‖ 甕(みか) • (mika) ‖ 甕(みかわ) • (mikawa) ‖ 甕(もたい) • (motai) ^(←もたひ (motafi)?) ‖ 甕(たしらか) • (tashiraka)
Line 8,410: Line 10,247:
|甕 • (ong) · 甕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|甕 • (ong) · 甕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : úng • Hán-Nôm : ống • Hán-Nôm : ổng
|
|
|甕
|甕
|-
|-
|甦
|甦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : soo
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : from 更生 (“to be reborn”). \ From *s- (“causative prefix”) + a root **ŋˤa, the latter found in 寤 (OC *ŋˤa-s, “to awake”), 悟 (OC *ŋˤa-s, “to awake; to realize”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014; Schuessler, 2007). \ Alternatively, Zhang, Jacques, and Lai (2019) compare it to Japhug sŋa (“to come to oneself”), Cogtse Situ [Term?] (kə-mə-sŋâr, “to feel cold”), Brag-bar Situ [Term?] (kə-mə-sŋiɛ̂r, “to come to oneself”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : soo • Middle-Chinese : su
|(literary) to revive; to resuscitate; to regain consciousness
|(literary) to revive; to resuscitate; to regain consciousness
|
|
Line 8,420: Line 10,259:
|甦 (eum 소 (so))
|甦 (eum 소 (so))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tô
|
|
|甦
|甦
|-
|-
|甬
|甬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng
|Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Pictogram (象形) – a bell. In the bronze inscription, the lower part evolved into 用 (OC *loŋs), which serves as a phonetic component.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|handle of a bell • path screened by walls on both sides • An ancient name for Ningbo, a city in Zhejiang province • The Yong River in Ningbo
|handle of a bell • path screened by walls on both sides • An ancient name for Ningbo, a city in Zhejiang province • The Yong River in Ningbo
|
|
Line 8,430: Line 10,271:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũng
|
|
|甬
|甬
|-
|-
|甭
|甭
|From a northern dialectal pronunciation of 不用. ‖ Contraction of 毋通 (m̄-thang). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bung² ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mài
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bung² ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mài
|(dialectal Mandarin) Contraction of 不用 (“needn't”). • (Beijing Mandarin) Indicates a rhetorical question: could it be that...; is it possible that... ‖ (Hokkien) do not; don't; cannot ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 莫 (mài, “do not”)
|(dialectal Mandarin) Contraction of 不用 (“needn't”). • (Beijing Mandarin) Indicates a rhetorical question: could it be that...; is it possible that... ‖ (Hokkien) do not; don't; cannot ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 莫 (mài, “do not”)
Line 8,440: Line 10,283:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bằng
|
|
|甭
|甭
|-
|-
|画
|画
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,450: Line 10,295:
|画 (eumhun 그림 화 (geurim hwa)) ‖ 画 (eumhun 그을 획 (geueul hoek))
|画 (eumhun 그림 화 (geurim hwa)) ‖ 画 (eumhun 그을 획 (geueul hoek))
|Alternative form of 畫 ‖ Alternative form of 畫
|Alternative form of 畫 ‖ Alternative form of 畫
|
|
|
|画
|画
|-
|-
|畚
|畚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phún
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phún • Middle-Chinese : pwonX
|bamboo or wicker scoop; basket • dustpan • (dialectal) to scoop up with a dustpan
|bamboo or wicker scoop; basket • dustpan • (dialectal) to scoop up with a dustpan
|
|
|
|
|畚 • (bun) · 畚 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun)
|畚 • (bun) · 畚 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,464: Line 10,312:
|-
|-
|畦
|畦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeː) : semantic 田 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : hwej
|(obsolete) A unit of surface area, equal to 25 or 50 mu (畝／亩 (mǔ)) • ridge-bordered rectangular section of land in a field • (obsolete) to divide a field into sections and cultivate
|(obsolete) A unit of surface area, equal to 25 or 50 mu (畝／亩 (mǔ)) • ridge-bordered rectangular section of land in a field • (obsolete) to divide a field into sections and cultivate
|
|
Line 8,470: Line 10,319:
|畦 • (hyu) · 畦 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)
|畦 • (hyu) · 畦 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)
|sections in vegetable farm
|sections in vegetable farm
|
|
|
|畦
|畦
|-
|-
|畿
|畿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯl) : semantic 田 + abbreviated phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gj+j
|imperial domain; area near the capital
|imperial domain; area near the capital
|
|
|capital, suburbs of capital
|capital, suburbs of capital
|畿 (eumhun 경기 기 (gyeonggi gi))
|畿 (eumhun 경기 기 (gyeonggi gi))
|Hanja form of 기 (“area near the capital”).
|hanja form of 기 (“area near the capital”)
|canonical : 畿: Hán Việt readings: kì • canonical : kỳ 畿: Nôm readings: kì • canonical : kỳ
|imperial domain; area near the capital
|imperial domain; area near the capital
|畿
|畿
|-
|-
|疇
|疇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *du) : semantic 田 (“field”) + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus). \ ; “who”
|(agriculture) field; farmland; arable land • (agriculture, specifically) hemp field • (agriculture) division in a field between different types of crops • (agriculture) to hill up; to earth up • to make equal • kind; class; category • Alternative form of 籌／筹 (chóu, “to calculate; to plan”) • Alternative form of 酬 (chóu, “to repay; to thank”) • who • Meaningless particle. • (～國) (historical) Chou (an ancient state in modern Henan) • a surname
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw
|(agriculture) field; farmland; arable land • (agriculture, specifically) hemp field • (agriculture) division in a field between different types of crops • (agriculture) to hill up; to earth up • to make equal • kind; class; category • Alternative form of 籌／筹 (chóu, “to calculate; to plan”) • Alternative form of 酬 (chóu, “to repay; to thank”) • who • Meaningless particle. • (～國) Chou (an ancient state in modern Henan) • a surname
|
|
|companion, mate, colleague
|companion, mate, colleague
|疇 (eumhun 밭이랑 주 (bachirang ju))
|疇 (eumhun 밭이랑 주 (bachirang ju))
|Hanja form of 주 (“furrow”).
|hanja form of 주 (“furrow”)
|
|
|
|疇
|疇
|-
|疊
|畾 + 宜 – a pile. \ Originally as 曡, with 晶 (jīng) on top. Shuowen commented that the shape change was promoted by emperor of the short-lived Xin Dynasty, who deemed the use of three "suns" (日) in this character too empowering - compared to three "fields" (田). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/l-t(y)ap (“fold, layer, pile up, repeat”). Cognate with 褶 (“lined dress”), Tibetan ལྟབ (ltab, “to fold, gather up, to lay or put together”), ལྡེབ (ldeb, “to bend round or back, to turn round, to double down”), ལྡབ (ldab, “to fold up, repeat, do again”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tha̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍p • Middle-Chinese : dep
|to fold; to fold up • to fold over in layers; to pile up; to be piled up • to repeat; to duplicate; to be repetitious • Classifier for piles/layers. • (Southern Min) to add; to increase (over the existing foundation) • Alternative form of 㲲 (dié) • a surname: Die
| ‖
| ‖
|疊 • (cheop) · 疊 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep)
|
|canonical : 疊: Hán Việt readings: điệp 疊: Nôm readings: điệp • canonical : đệp • canonical : xếp
|chữ Hán form of điệp (“fold in layers”).
|疊
|-
|-
|疋
|疋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|Pictogram (象形) – a foot 止 with a leg/thigh on top.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : srjo • Middle-Chinese : srjoX
|foot
|foot
| ‖ 疋(ひき) • (-hiki)
| ‖ 疋(ひき) • (-hiki)
Line 8,500: Line 10,367:
|疋 • (pil, so) · 疋 • (pil, so) (hangeul 필, 소, revised pil, so, McCune–Reischauer p'il, so, Yale phil, so)
|疋 • (pil, so) · 疋 • (pil, so) (hangeul 필, 소, revised pil, so, McCune–Reischauer p'il, so, Yale phil, so)
|roll, bolt of cloth • foot
|roll, bolt of cloth • foot
|Hán-Nôm : sất • Hán-Nôm : thất • Hán-Nôm : sơ
|
|
|疋
|疋
|-
|疎
|
|
|
|alienate, neglect, rough, shun, sparse
|疎 (eumhun 성길 소 (seonggil so))
|Alternative form of 疏
|
|疎
|-
|-
|疝
|疝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːn, *sraːns) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sàn • Middle-Chinese : srean • Middle-Chinese : sraenH
|(pathology) hernia
|(pathology) hernia
|
|
Line 8,520: Line 10,379:
|疝 • (san) · 疝 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|疝 • (san) · 疝 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sán
|
|
|疝
|疝
|-
|-
|疥
|疥
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Middle-Chinese : keajH
|scabies
|scabies
|
|
Line 8,530: Line 10,391:
|疥 • (gae) · 疥 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)
|疥 • (gae) · 疥 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)
|scabies, itch
|scabies, itch
|
|
|
|疥
|疥
|-
|-
|疳
|疳
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam
|(traditional Chinese medicine) infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinal parasites
|(traditional Chinese medicine) infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinal parasites
Line 8,540: Line 10,403:
|疳 • (gam) · 疳 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|疳 • (gam) · 疳 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|childhood diseases
|childhood diseases
|
|
|
|疳
|疳
|-
|-
|疵
|疵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzje
|illness • defect • calamity • censure • black spot; naevus
|illness • defect • calamity • censure • black spot; naevus
|
|
|
|
|疵 • (ja) · 疵 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|疵 • (ja) · 疵 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,554: Line 10,420:
|-
|-
|疽
|疽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰa) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjo
|(traditional Chinese medicine) ulcer; carbuncle; abscess
|(traditional Chinese medicine) ulcer; carbuncle; abscess
|
|
|
|
|疽 • (jeo) · 疽 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|疽 • (jeo) · 疽 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,564: Line 10,432:
|-
|-
|痔
|痔
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯʔ) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs)
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Middle-Chinese : driX
|hemorrhoid
|hemorrhoid
| ‖ 痔(じ) • (ji) ^(←ぢ (di)?)
| ‖ 痔(じ) • (ji) ^(←ぢ (di)?)
Line 8,570: Line 10,439:
|痔 • (chi) · 痔 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|痔 • (chi) · 痔 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trĩ
|
|
|痔
|痔
|-
|-
|痙
|痙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǐng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǐng • Middle-Chinese : gjiengX
|convulsions, fits
|convulsions, fits
|
|
Line 8,580: Line 10,451:
|痙 • (gyeong) · 痙 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|痙 • (gyeong) · 痙 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|
|canonical : 痙: Hán Việt readings: kính
|
|
|痙
|痙
|-
|-
|痞
|痞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prɯʔ, *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 否 (OC *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ). \ "Protuberance"? > "enlargement of an abdominal organ; pain due to splenomegaly" > "[dialectal] abdominal tumour". ‖ "Bad" > "obscene; ferocious; rascal". Its use is most prominent in dialects of Hubei and Hunan, and possibly originates from the ancient dialectal pronunciation of 匪 (“bad, evil, bandit”), same as Min Nan 歹 (phái(ⁿ), “bad”). \ It may be the origin of some uses of 皮 (pí), for example 調皮 (“naughty”), 賴皮 (“shameless”) and 頑皮 (“naughty”). \ The Cantonese pronunciation is probably due to confusion with 踎 (mau1, “to squat”), as this word is not native to Cantonese.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phí • Middle-Chinese : pijX • Middle-Chinese : bijX • Middle-Chinese : pjuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau¹
|enlargement or lump in the abdomen; in particular, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly • (traditional Chinese medicine) stuffiness, fullness and discomfort in the epigastrium; dyspepsia or constipation • (dialectal Mandarin) abdominal tumour • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) scab; healed wound • (Southern Min) scurf; flakes on the skin surface ‖ rascal; scoundrel • (dialectal) to act perversely; to behave like a hoodlum • (dialectal) to act shamelessly; to violate rules • (dialectal) frivolous; slippery • (dialectal) obscene; indecent; vulgar • (dialectal) ferocious; fierce • (dialectal) bad; evil
|enlargement or lump in the abdomen; in particular, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly • (traditional Chinese medicine) stuffiness, fullness and discomfort in the epigastrium; dyspepsia or constipation • (dialectal Mandarin) abdominal tumour • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) scab; healed wound • (Southern Min) scurf; flakes on the skin surface ‖ rascal; scoundrel • (dialectal) to act perversely; to behave like a hoodlum • (dialectal) to act shamelessly; to violate rules • (dialectal) frivolous; slippery • (dialectal) obscene; indecent; vulgar • (dialectal) ferocious; fierce • (dialectal) bad; evil
|
|
|
|
|痞 • (bi) · 痞 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|痞 • (bi) · 痞 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,594: Line 10,468:
|-
|-
|痣
|痣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯs) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 志 (OC *tjɯs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Middle-Chinese : tsyiH
|colored spot on skin; mole; nevus • a surname
|colored spot on skin; mole; nevus • a surname
| ‖ 痣(あざ) • (aza)
| ‖ 痣(あざ) • (aza)
|birthmark, nevus • bruise ‖ bruise, birthmark
|birthmark, nevus • bruise ‖ bruise, birthmark
|痣 • (ji) · 痣 • (ji) (hangeul 지)
|痣 • (ji) · 痣 • (ji) (hangeul 지)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,604: Line 10,480:
|-
|-
|痱
|痱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì • Middle-Chinese : bj+j • Middle-Chinese : bwojX • Middle-Chinese : bj+jH
|prickly heat
|prickly heat
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,614: Line 10,492:
|-
|-
|痺
|痺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pe) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Japhug ndʑɯrpɯt (“to be numb”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pjie
|paralysis; numbness • (Cantonese) numb; paralysed
|paralysis; numbness • (Cantonese) numb; paralysed
|
|
Line 8,620: Line 10,499:
|痺 • (bi) · 痺 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|痺 • (bi) · 痺 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tí • Hán-Nôm : tý
|paralysis; numbness
|paralysis; numbness
|痺
|痺
|-
|-
|痿
|痿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí • Middle-Chinese : 'jwe • Middle-Chinese : nywe
|(traditional Chinese medicine) to be lacking in sexual energies
|(traditional Chinese medicine) to be lacking in sexual energies
|
|
|
|
|痿 • (wi) · 痿 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|痿 • (wi) · 痿 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,634: Line 10,516:
|-
|-
|瘀
|瘀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qas) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 於 (OC *qaː, *qa). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Middle-Chinese : 'joH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu²
|bruise • bruised ‖ (Cantonese) embarrassing
|bruise • bruised ‖ (Cantonese) embarrassing
|
|
|
|
|瘀 • (eo) · 瘀 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e)
|瘀 • (eo) · 瘀 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,644: Line 10,528:
|-
|-
|瘁
|瘁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzwijH
|overworked; tired; exhausted • troubled; distressed • haggard; weak
|overworked; tired; exhausted • troubled; distressed • haggard; weak
|
|
|
|
|瘁 • (chwi) · 瘁 • (chwi) (hangeul 취, revised chwi, McCune–Reischauer ch'wi, Yale chwi)
|瘁 • (chwi) · 瘁 • (chwi) (hangeul 취, revised chwi, McCune–Reischauer ch'wi, Yale chwi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,654: Line 10,540:
|-
|-
|瘉
|瘉
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,659: Line 10,546:
|
|
|瘉 • (yu) · 瘉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|瘉 • (yu) · 瘉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,664: Line 10,552:
|-
|-
|瘋
|瘋
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plum) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong
|to go crazy; to become insane; to go mad • to play wilfully; to engage in wild play • mentally unstable; crazy; insane; mad • overgrown
|to go crazy; to become insane; to go mad • to play wilfully; to engage in wild play • mentally unstable; crazy; insane; mad • overgrown
Line 8,670: Line 10,559:
|瘋 • (pung) · 瘋 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)
|瘋 • (pung) · 瘋 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phong • Hán-Nôm : phung
|
|
|瘋
|瘋
|-
|-
|瘓
|瘓
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tqʰʷaːnʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : thwanX
|Only used in 癱瘓／瘫痪 (tānhuàn).
|Only used in 癱瘓／瘫痪 (tānhuàn).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,684: Line 10,576:
|-
|-
|瘠
|瘠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zeɡ) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 脊 (OC *ʔseɡ)
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzjek
|barren
|
|
|lean, thin • barren, sterile
|lean, thin • barren, sterile
|瘠 • (cheok) · 瘠 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|瘠 • (cheok) · 瘠 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tích
|
|
|瘠
|瘠
|-
|-
|瘡
|瘡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjang
|wound; cut • sore; skin ulcer; boil
|wound; cut • sore; skin ulcer; boil
| ‖ 瘡(かさ) • (kasa)
| ‖ 瘡(かさ) • (kasa)
|sore ‖ sore
|sore ‖ sore
|瘡 • (chang) · 瘡 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|瘡 • (chang) · 瘡 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,704: Line 10,600:
|-
|-
|瘧
|瘧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄩㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋawɢ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ). \ Perhaps related to 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ, “to oppress, to coerce, to be violent”). \ Compare Thai งก ๆ (ngók-ngók, “shivering, shaking (due to fever or fear)”), Thai หงก ๆ (ngòk-ngòk, “shivering (as from ague)”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄩㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngjak
|(medicine) ague; malaria; intermittent fever and shivering • Alternative form of 虐 (nüè, “abuse; to be abused”)
|(medicine) ague; malaria; intermittent fever and shivering • Alternative form of 虐 (nüè, “abuse; to be abused”)
|
|
|(pathology) malaria
|(pathology) malaria
|瘧 • (hak) · 瘧 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)
|瘧 • (hak) · 瘧 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,714: Line 10,612:
|-
|-
|瘴
|瘴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋs) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Middle-Chinese : tsyangH
|miasma; noxious vapours arising from a swamp
|miasma; noxious vapours arising from a swamp
|
|
Line 8,720: Line 10,619:
|瘴 • (jang) · 瘴 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|瘴 • (jang) · 瘴 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chướng
|
|
|瘴
|瘴
|-
|-
|癆
|癆
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːw, *raːw, *raːws) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). \ From 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws, “to toil”) (Wang, 1982). ‖ Possibly related to 療 (OC *rews, “to cure”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare ancient Chu dialect 瘌 (OC *raːd, “to be poisoned by medication”). Cognate to Mizo ru (“bark, roots, leaves or fruit which can be used to poison fish”), Jingpho mə-rau (“fishing by stupefying fish by poisonous vines”), Burmese ရိုး (rui:, “fish poison”) (Starostin).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : lawH
|(traditional Chinese medicine) internal injury caused by overstraining • tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis • (Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Gan) to have an upset stomach because of the lack of fats in one's diet; to crave meat • (Xiang, of plants) to wither (in the sun) • (Xiang, of a person) to be dispirited; depressed ‖ (ancient Northern Yan and Joseon region) to be poisoned (by medication) • (Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Xiang, transitive) to poison • painful
|(traditional Chinese medicine) internal injury caused by overstraining • tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis • (Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Gan) to have an upset stomach because of the lack of fats in one's diet; to crave meat • (Xiang, of plants) to wither (in the sun) • (Xiang, of a person) to be dispirited; depressed ‖ (ancient Northern Yan and Joseon region) to be poisoned (by medication) • (Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Xiang, transitive) to poison • painful
|
|
Line 8,730: Line 10,631:
|癆 • (ro>no) · 癆 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|癆 • (ro>no) · 癆 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lao
|
|
|癆
|癆
|-
|癒
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 愈 (OC *loʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶
|to heal; to get well; to recover
|
|healing
|癒 • (yu) · 癒 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|canonical : 癒: Hán Việt readings: dũ 癒: Nôm readings: dũ • canonical : dú • canonical : rũ
|chữ Hán form of dũ (“recover”).
|癒
|-
|-
|癘
|癘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljejH
|epidemic; plague • sore; ulcer
|epidemic; plague • sore; ulcer
|
|
|contagious disease • leprosy
|contagious disease • leprosy
|癘 • (ryeo>yeo) · 癘 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|癘 • (ryeo>yeo) · 癘 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|
|
|
|癘
|癘
|-
|癡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹
|Alternative form of 痴 (chī)
|
|
|癡 • (chi) · 癡 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|癡
|-
|-
|癢
|癢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiūnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiǔnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiōnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiāunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iáng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋʔ) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 養 (OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, though the exact etymon is unclear. Compare Tibetan གཡའ (g.ya', “to itch”), Jingpho kaya (“to itch”), Burmese ယား (ya:, “to itch”), Japhug rɤʑa (“to itch”) (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2017; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ja (“to itch”). Also compare Lepcha ᰚᰭ (yak, “to itch”) (Schuessler, 2007), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sak (“to itch”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiūnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiǔnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiōnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiāunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iáng • Middle-Chinese : yangX
|itchy; ticklish • itching to do something
|itchy; ticklish • itching to do something
|
|
Line 8,760: Line 10,667:
|癢 • (yang) · 癢 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|癢 • (yang) · 癢 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dưỡng • Hán-Nôm : ngứa
|
|
|癢
|癢
|-
|-
|癥
|癥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯŋ) : semantic 疒 (“disease”) + phonetic 徵 (OC *tɯʔ, *tɯŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting • Middle-Chinese : tring
|(traditional Chinese medicine) lump in the abdomen • (traditional Chinese medicine) abdominal tumor; bowel obstruction
|(traditional Chinese medicine) lump in the abdomen • (traditional Chinese medicine) abdominal tumor; bowel obstruction
|
|
Line 8,770: Line 10,679:
|癥 • (jing) · 癥 • (jing) (hangeul 징, revised jing, McCune–Reischauer ching, Yale cing)
|癥 • (jing) · 癥 • (jing) (hangeul 징, revised jing, McCune–Reischauer ching, Yale cing)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trưng • Hán-Nôm : chứng
|
|
|癥
|癥
|-
|-
|癩
|癩
|Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thái
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thái • Middle-Chinese : lajH • Middle-Chinese : lat
|leprosy • (regional) favus, especially of the scalp • coarse; uneven; rough
|leprosy • (regional) favus, especially of the scalp • coarse; uneven; rough
| ‖ 癩(らい) • (rai)
| ‖ 癩(らい) • (rai)
|leprosy ‖ (dated, derogatory) leprosy
|leprosy ‖ (dated, derogatory) leprosy
|癩 • (ra>na) · 癩 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|癩 • (ra>na) · 癩 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|Hanja form of 나 (“leprosy”).
|hanja form of 나 (“leprosy”)
|Hán-Nôm : lại • Hán-Nôm : cùi • Hán-Nôm : lầy
|
|
|癩
|癩
|-
|-
|癬
|癬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuánn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *senʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 鮮 (OC *sen, *senʔ, *sens).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuánn • Middle-Chinese : sjenX
|(dermatology, pathology) ringworm; tinea
|(dermatology, pathology) ringworm; tinea
|
|
|１．Ringworm
|１．Ringworm
|癬 • (seon) · 癬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|癬 • (seon) · 癬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,794: Line 10,708:
|-
|-
|癮
|癮
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯn) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 隱 (OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : giàn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : giàn
|addiction; craving (Classifier: 鋪／铺 c) • (dialectal) to like (doing something) • (dialectal) to crave; to be addicted to ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min) addiction; craving • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to like (doing something) • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to crave; to be addicted to • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a tendency to; to easily do something • (Taiwanese Hokkien) stupid; foolish • (Taiwanese Hokkien, often in the negative) willing • (Taiwanese Hokkien) skinny; lean
|addiction; craving (Classifier: 鋪／铺 c) • (dialectal) to like (doing something) • (dialectal) to crave; to be addicted to ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min) addiction; craving • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to like (doing something) • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to crave; to be addicted to • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a tendency to; to easily do something • (Taiwanese Hokkien) stupid; foolish • (Taiwanese Hokkien, often in the negative) willing • (Taiwanese Hokkien) skinny; lean
Line 8,800: Line 10,715:
|癮 (eum 은 (eun))
|癮 (eum 은 (eun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ẩn
|
|
|癮
|癮
|-
|-
|癱
|癱
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann
|Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann
|paralysis; palsy; numbness
|paralysis; palsy; numbness
Line 8,810: Line 10,727:
|癱 • (tan) · 癱 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)
|癱 • (tan) · 癱 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : than
|
|
|癱
|癱
|-
|-
|癲
|癲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 顛 (OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Middle-Chinese : ten
|crazy; nuts; mad • (Cantonese) to be mad; to display insane behavior
|crazy; nuts; mad • (Cantonese) to be mad; to display insane behavior
|
|
|to collapse due to a mental disorder or a nervous disorder • epilepsy
|to collapse due to a mental disorder or a nervous disorder • epilepsy
|癲 • (jeon) · 癲 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|癲 • (jeon) · 癲 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,824: Line 10,744:
|-
|-
|皈
|皈
|Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Originally 𦤇, which is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 自 (“self”) + 反 (“to return; to move back”). Later 自 was corrupted into 白.
|
|
|
|
Line 8,831: Line 10,752:
|
|
|
|
|chữ Hán form of quy (“refuge”).
|皈
|皈
|-
|-
|皎
|皎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Middle-Chinese : kewX
|white • bright, brilliant • clear
|white • bright, brilliant • clear
|
|
Line 8,840: Line 10,763:
|皎 (eum 교 (gyo))
|皎 (eum 교 (gyo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiểu
|
|
|皎
|皎
|-
|-
|皚
|皚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːl) : semantic 白 (“white”) + phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái • Middle-Chinese : ngoj
|pure white; snow white
|pure white; snow white
|
|
Line 8,850: Line 10,775:
|皚 • (ae) · 皚 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ya)
|皚 • (ae) · 皚 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ya)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngai
|
|
|皚
|皚
|-
|-
|皰
|皰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phā
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phā • Middle-Chinese : phaewH • Middle-Chinese : baewH
|blister; bleb • pimple; acne • eyelid
|blister; bleb • pimple; acne • eyelid
|
|
Line 8,860: Line 10,787:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bào
|
|
|皰
|皰
|-
|-
|皴
|皴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshwin
|to be chapped • (Mandarin, colloquial) grime on one's skin
|to be chapped • (Mandarin, colloquial) grime on one's skin
| ‖ 皴(しわ) • (shiwa)
| ‖ 皴(しわ) • (shiwa)
| ‖ wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface • ripples on the surface of water • a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries
| ‖ wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface • ripples on the surface of water • a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries
|皴 • (jun) · 皴 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|皴 • (jun) · 皴 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,874: Line 10,804:
|-
|-
|皺
|皺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrus) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 皮.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : tsrjuwH
|wrinkle; crease; fold • to wrinkle; to crease
|wrinkle; crease; fold • to wrinkle; to crease
| ‖ 皺(さび) • (sabi) ‖ 皺(しぼ) • (shibo) ‖ 皺(しわ) • (shiwa)
| ‖ 皺(さび) • (sabi) ‖ 皺(しぼ) • (shibo) ‖ 皺(しわ) • (shiwa)
Line 8,880: Line 10,811:
|皺 • (chu) · 皺 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|皺 • (chu) · 皺 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trứu • Hán-Nôm : nhíu • Hán-Nôm : sô
|
|
|皺
|皺
|-
|-
|盂
|盂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷa) : phonetic 于 (OC *ɢʷa) + semantic 皿 (“dish; vessel”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Middle-Chinese : hju
|broad-mouthed receptacle for holding liquids and foods • (historical) name of a hunting formation • (～縣) Yu County, Yuxian (a county of Yangquan, Shanxi, China) • a surname
|broad-mouthed receptacle for holding liquids and foods • (historical) name of a hunting formation • (～縣) Yu County, Yuxian (a county of Yangquan, Shanxi, China) • a surname
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 8,890: Line 10,823:
|盂 • (u) · 盂 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|盂 • (u) · 盂 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|
|
|canonical : 盂: Hán Việt readings: vu 盂: Nôm readings: vu • canonical : vò
|chữ Hán form of vu (“cup”). • Nôm form of vò (“jar”).
|chữ Hán form of vu (“cup”). • Nôm form of vò (“jar”).
|盂
|盂
|-
|-
|盃
|盃
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plɯː) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 皿.
|
|
|
|
Line 8,900: Line 10,835:
|盃 • (bae) · 盃 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|盃 • (bae) · 盃 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|
|
|canonical : 盃: Hán Việt readings: bôi 盃: Nôm readings: bôi • canonical : bui • canonical : bùi • canonical : vôi • canonical : vội • canonical : vui • canonical : vùi
|Alternative form of 杯 (“chữ Hán form of bôi (“cup”).”)
|Alternative form of 杯 (“chữ Hán form of bôi (“cup”).”)
|盃
|盃
|-
|-
|盍
|盍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍p
|Original form of 蓋. Pictogram (象形) , a container and its lid. \ From the fusion of 何不 (OC *ɡaːl pɯ, “why not”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍p • Middle-Chinese : hap
|(Classical) why; how • (Classical) why not • Used in 盍簪. • Used in 盍旦. • Original form of 蓋／盖 (gài, “to cover”). • a surname
|(Classical) why; how • (Classical) why not • Used in 盍簪. • Used in 盍旦. • Original form of 蓋／盖 (gài, “to cover”). • a surname
|
|
Line 8,910: Line 10,847:
|盍 • (hap) · 盍 • (hap) (hangeul 합)
|盍 • (hap) · 盍 • (hap) (hangeul 합)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hạp • Hán-Nôm : khạp
|
|
|盍
|盍
|-
|-
|盎
|盎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : on¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs) : phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ) + semantic 皿 (“dish; vessel”) ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng • Middle-Chinese : 'angX • Middle-Chinese : 'angH ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : on¹
|(historical) an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • brimming; overflowing ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 罌／罂 (“bottle”) ‖ Used in transcription. • (Cantonese) Short for 盎士 (on¹ si⁶⁻²), alternative form of 安士 (on¹ si⁶⁻², “ounce”).
|(historical) an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • brimming; overflowing ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 罌／罂 (“bottle”) ‖ Used in transcription. • (Cantonese) Short for 盎士 (on¹ si⁶⁻²), alternative form of 安士 (on¹ si⁶⁻², “ounce”).
|
|
Line 8,920: Line 10,859:
|盎 • (ang) · 盎 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|盎 • (ang) · 盎 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|동이: an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • spill over
|동이: an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • spill over
|
|
|
|盎
|盎
|-
|-
|盗
|盗
|Simplified from 盜 (㳄 → 次)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|steal, rob
|steal, rob
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,934: Line 10,876:
|-
|-
|盞
|盞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsán ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːnʔ) : phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn) + semantic 皿 (“vessel”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsán • Middle-Chinese : tsreanX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan²
|small cup or container • Classifier for lamps, lanterns, or cups of drink. ‖ (of lifestyle or enjoyment) enjoyable • will only
|small cup or container • Classifier for lamps, lanterns, or cups of drink. ‖ (of lifestyle or enjoyment) enjoyable • will only
|
|
Line 8,940: Line 10,883:
|盞 • (jan) · 盞 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)
|盞 • (jan) · 盞 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)
|
|
|romanization : trản • romanization : chén
|small cup
|small cup
|盞
|盞
|-
|-
|盥
|盥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fun²
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𦥑 (“pair of hands”) + 水 (“water”) + 皿 (“vessel”) – hands holding water from a vessel.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fun² • Middle-Chinese : kwanX • Middle-Chinese : kwanH
|to wash (the hands or face) • washbasin
|to wash (the hands or face) • washbasin
| ‖ 盥(たらい) • (tarai) ^(←たらひ (tarafi)?)
| ‖ 盥(たらい) • (tarai) ^(←たらひ (tarafi)?)
| ‖ tub, basin
| ‖ tub, basin
|盥 • (gwan) · 盥 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|盥 • (gwan) · 盥 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,954: Line 10,900:
|-
|-
|盧
|盧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo
|Originally a pictogram (象形) – an oven. 虍 and 皿 were added in the bronze inscriptions, and the oven pictogram came to be written 田, making the current form a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·raː) : phonetic 虍 (OC *qʰaː) + semantic 田 (“pictogram of an oven”) + semantic 皿 (“vessel”). This sense (“oven”) is now represented by the character 爐／炉 (lú).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : lu
|a surname • (obsolete) rice bowl • (obsolete) black • (Taiwan slang) sloppy • Short for 盧森堡／卢森堡 (Lúsēnbǎo).
|a surname • (obsolete) rice bowl • (obsolete) black • (Taiwan slang) sloppy • Short for 盧森堡／卢森堡 (Lúsēnbǎo).
|
|
|
|
|盧 (eumhun 밥그릇 로 (bapgeureut ro), South Korea 밥그릇 노 (bapgeureut no))
|盧 (eumhun 밥그릇 로 (bapgeureut ro), word-initial (South Korea) 밥그릇 노 (bapgeureut no))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lờ • Hán-Nôm : lừ • Hán-Nôm : lô • Hán-Nôm : lơ • Hán-Nôm : lợ • Hán-Nôm : lu • Hán-Nôm : lũ • Hán-Nôm : lứa
|
|
|盧
|盧
|-
|-
|盪
|盪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng • Middle-Chinese : thang • Middle-Chinese : dangX • Middle-Chinese : thangH
|to toss; to swing; to rock; to sway; to wave • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse · (Mainland China Hokkien) to wash by shaking the water stored in a container (to remove dirt) • to root out; to wipe out; to clear away; to sweep off • to loaf about • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand
|to toss; to swing; to rock; to sway; to wave • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse · (Mainland China Hokkien) to wash by shaking the water stored in a container (to remove dirt) • to root out; to wipe out; to clear away; to sweep off • to loaf about • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand
|
|
Line 8,970: Line 10,919:
|盪 • (tang) · 盪 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang)
|盪 • (tang) · 盪 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đãng
|
|
|盪
|盪
|-
|眞
|
|
| ‖
|Kyūjitai form of 真: truth, reality ‖
|眞 (eumhun 참 진 (cham jin))
|Hanja form of 진 (“truth”). • Hanja form of 진 (“a surname.”).
|
|眞
|-
|-
|眩
|眩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn). \ Related to 熒 (OC wêŋ). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîn • Middle-Chinese : hwen • Middle-Chinese : hwenH
|dizzy; giddy; vertiginous • (literary) puzzled; bewildered • Alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”)
|dizzy; giddy; vertiginous • (literary) puzzled; bewildered • Alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”)
|
|
|
|
|眩 • (hyeon, hwan) · 眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)
|眩 • (hyeon, hwan) · 眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 8,994: Line 10,936:
|-
|-
|眸
|眸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mu) : semantic 目 + phonetic 牟 (OC *mu).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : mjuw
|(anatomy) pupil (of the eye) • (by extension) eye
|(anatomy) pupil (of the eye) • (by extension) eye
|
|
|the pupil of an eye • the iris of an eye • eye
|the pupil of an eye • the iris of an eye • eye
|眸 • (mo) · 眸 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|眸 • (mo) · 眸 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,004: Line 10,948:
|-
|-
|眾
|眾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹
|Pictogram (象形) : a sun (日) above three humans (㐺) – people gathered or working under the sun. \ The top, originally 日 (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of 目) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles 罒. \ The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of 人 and 亻, with variation depending on font. \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (“thousand”) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, “thousand”), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, “thousand”), Drung tu (“thousand”), Nuosu ꄙ (dur, “thousand”). \ Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, “in all, at all times, ever before”) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, “all, whole”). ‖
|"masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone • everything; all matters • all the government officials • soldier; army; troops • slave labour in agriculture • (Buddhism) number of monks • many; numerous • majority • various; different • general; common • 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; ""legion"" (𝌥) • a surname ‖ glutinous millet"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Middle-Chinese : tsyuwngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyuwng
|masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone • everything; all matters • all the government officials • soldier; army; troops • slave labour in agriculture • (Buddhism) number of monks • many; numerous • majority • various; different • general; common • 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥) • a surname ‖ glutinous millet
|
|
|Alternative form of 衆
|Alternative form of 衆
|眾 • (jung) · 眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)
|眾 • (jung) · 眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chúng
|
|
|眾
|眾
|-
|-
|睏
|睏
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 困 (OC *kʰuːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khùn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khùn
|sleepy; tired • (dialectal) to sleep
|sleepy; tired • (dialectal) to sleep
Line 9,020: Line 10,967:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khốn
|
|
|睏
|睏
|-
|-
|睜
|睜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
|Used in 眳睜／眳睁. ‖ to open one's eye
|Used in 眳睜／眳睁. ‖ to open one's eye
|
|
Line 9,030: Line 10,979:
|睜 • (jeong) · 睜 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng)
|睜 • (jeong) · 睜 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng)
|pupil
|pupil
|Hán-Nôm : tĩnh • Hán-Nôm : tranh • Hán-Nôm : tránh
|
|
|睜
|睜
|-
|-
|睞
|睞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːs) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi • Middle-Chinese : lojH
|(literary or Hakka) to glance at; to look sideways at; to squint at
|(literary or Hakka) to glance at; to look sideways at; to squint at
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,044: Line 10,996:
|-
|-
|睥
|睥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phè
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phè • Middle-Chinese : phejH
|Used in 睥睨 (pìnì).
|Used in 睥睨 (pìnì).
|
|
|
|
|睥 • (bi) · 睥 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|睥 • (bi) · 睥 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,054: Line 11,008:
|-
|-
|睨
|睨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍h
| ‖
|(literary) to look askance at; to glance at from the side • (archaic) to look at; to watch
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍h • Middle-Chinese : ngejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîrn
|(literary) to look askance at; to glance at from the side • (archaic) to look at; to watch ‖ (Hokkien) to glare
|
|
|to glare at, to scowl at • authority, power • to stare
|to glare at, to scowl at • authority, power • to stare
|睨 • (ye) · 睨 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|睨 • (ye) · 睨 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,064: Line 11,020:
|-
|-
|睽
|睽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷiːl) : semantic 䀠 (“two eyes”) + phonetic 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ). The 䀠 (jù) (two eyes) component later became a 目 (mù) (eye) component.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khwej
|opposed; contrary; separated • to separate; to part • to stare; only used in 睽睽 (kuíkuí) and 睽睢. • 38th hexagram of the I Ching
|opposed; contrary; separated • to separate; to part • to stare; only used in 睽睽 (kuíkuí) and 睽睢. • 38th hexagram of the I Ching
|
|
Line 9,070: Line 11,027:
|睽 (eum 규 (gyu))
|睽 (eum 규 (gyu))
|squint, strabismus • stare
|squint, strabismus • stare
|Hán-Nôm : khóe • Hán-Nôm : khoé • Hán-Nôm : khuê
|
|
|睽
|睽
|-
|-
|睿
|睿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juē
|Simplified from 叡, see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juē • Middle-Chinese : ywejH
|shrewd; astute; clever; keen; farsighted • emperor • Confucius
|shrewd; astute; clever; keen; farsighted • emperor • Confucius
|
|
Line 9,080: Line 11,039:
|睿 • (ye) · 睿 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|睿 • (ye) · 睿 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : duệ
|
|
|睿
|睿
|-
|-
|瞇
|瞇
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 目 + phonetic 迷 (OC *miː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mi
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mi
|to squint; to narrow one's eyes • (colloquial) to take a nap • (Zhongshan Min Cantonese and Min) to sleep • (Southern Min) to look furtively • (Teochew) to close one's eyes
|to squint; to narrow one's eyes • (colloquial) to take a nap • (Zhongshan Min Cantonese and Min) to sleep • (Southern Min) to look furtively • (Teochew) to close one's eyes
Line 9,090: Line 11,051:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mị
|
|
|瞇
|瞇
|-
|-
|瞌
|瞌
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːb) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khereh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khap
|Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khereh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khap
|^⁜ sleepy • (Cantonese) to doze • (Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) to close (one's eyes) • (Leizhou Min, Hainanese) to sleep
|^⁜ sleepy • (Cantonese) to doze • (Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) to close (one's eyes) • (Leizhou Min, Hainanese) to sleep
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,104: Line 11,068:
|-
|-
|瞑
|瞑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mêe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mêe • Middle-Chinese : meng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁶ • Middle-Chinese : menH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : men
|to close one's eyes • (literary, of eyesight) dim ‖ Only used in 暝眩. ‖ Alternative form of 眠 (“to sleep; to nap”)
|to close one's eyes • (literary, of eyesight) dim ‖ Only used in 暝眩. ‖ Alternative form of 眠 (“to sleep; to nap”)
|
|
Line 9,110: Line 11,075:
|瞑 • (myeong, myeon) · 瞑 • (myeong, myeon) (hangeul 명, 면, revised myeong, myeon, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, myŏn, Yale myeng, myen)
|瞑 • (myeong, myeon) · 瞑 • (myeong, myeon) (hangeul 명, 면, revised myeong, myeon, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, myŏn, Yale myeng, myen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : manh
|
|
|瞑
|瞑
|-
|-
|瞞
|瞞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 㒼 (, “to cover something carefully and tightly without a break”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ • Middle-Chinese : man
|to deceive; to lie; to conceal • eyes half-closed
|to deceive; to lie; to conceal • eyes half-closed
|
|
Line 9,120: Line 11,087:
|瞞 • (man) · 瞞 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|瞞 • (man) · 瞞 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|deceive • lie • eyes half-closed
|deceive • lie • eyes half-closed
|Hán-Nôm : man
|
|
|瞞
|瞞
|-
|-
|瞟
|瞟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiáu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiáu • Middle-Chinese : phjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewX
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,134: Line 11,104:
|-
|-
|瞠
|瞠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 目 + phonetic 堂 (OC *daːŋ). \ Also occurs in Thai ถลึง (tlʉ̌ng, “to stare fiercely”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn • Middle-Chinese : trhaeng
|to stare at; to gaze at; to glare at
|to stare at; to gaze at; to glare at
|
|
Line 9,140: Line 11,111:
|瞠 • (dang, cheong) · 瞠 • (dang, cheong) (hangeul 당, 청, revised dang, cheong, McCune–Reischauer tang, ch'ŏng, Yale tang, cheng)
|瞠 • (dang, cheong) · 瞠 • (dang, cheong) (hangeul 당, 청, revised dang, cheong, McCune–Reischauer tang, ch'ŏng, Yale tang, cheng)
|look at • stare at • gaze at
|look at • stare at • gaze at
|Hán-Nôm : xanh
|
|
|瞠
|瞠
|-
|-
|瞥
|瞥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰed, *pʰeːd) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 目 (“eye”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiat • Middle-Chinese : phet • Middle-Chinese : phjiet
|to shoot a glance at
|to shoot a glance at
|
|
|
|
|瞥 (eumhun 깜짝할 별 (kkamjjakhal byeol))
|瞥 (eumhun 깜짝할 별 (kkamjjakhal byeol))
|Hanja form of 별 (“shoot a glance at”).
|hanja form of 별 (“shoot a glance at”)
|
|瞥 (miết)
|瞥 (miết)
|瞥
|瞥
|-
|-
|瞰
|瞰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàm • Middle-Chinese : khamH
|
|
|
|
Line 9,160: Line 11,135:
|瞰 • (gam) · 瞰 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|瞰 • (gam) · 瞰 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
|to watch • to overlook, look down
|to watch • to overlook, look down
|
|
|
|瞰
|瞰
|-
|-
|瞽
|瞽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo
|From 鼓 (OC *kʷaːʔ, “drum”) (Schuessler, 2007), as musicians were blind in ancient times.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX
|blind • undiscerning
|blind • undiscerning
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 9,170: Line 11,147:
|瞽 • (go) · 瞽 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|瞽 • (go) · 瞽 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổ
|
|
|瞽
|瞽
|-
|-
|瞿
|瞿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa) : phonetic 䀠 (, “eyes”) + semantic 隹 (“bird”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa) : phonetic 䀠 (, “eyes”) + semantic 隹 (“bird”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Middle-Chinese : kjuH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî • Middle-Chinese : gju
|(literary) shocked; scared; panic-stricken ‖ (historical) halberd-like weapon • Used in 瞿麥／瞿麦. • a surname
|(literary) shocked; scared; panic-stricken ‖ (historical) halberd-like weapon • Used in 瞿麥／瞿麦. • a surname
|
|
Line 9,180: Line 11,159:
|瞿 • (gu) · 瞿 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|瞿 • (gu) · 瞿 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cò • Hán-Nôm : cù • Hán-Nôm : cồ
|
|
|瞿
|瞿
|-
|-
|矇
|矇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng
|to cheat; to deceive; to dupe • to make a wild guess ‖ (literary) blind • Used in 矇矓／蒙眬 (ménglóng).
|to cheat; to deceive; to dupe • to make a wild guess ‖ (literary) blind • Used in 矇矓／蒙眬 (ménglóng).
|
|
|
|
|矇 • (mong) · 矇 • (mong) (hangeul 몽, revised mong, McCune–Reischauer mong, Yale mong)
|矇 • (mong) · 矇 • (mong) (hangeul 몽, revised mong, McCune–Reischauer mong, Yale mong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,194: Line 11,176:
|-
|-
|矓
|矓
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,204: Line 11,188:
|-
|-
|矚
|矚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyowk
|to gaze at; to stare at
|to gaze at; to stare at
|
|
Line 9,210: Line 11,195:
|矚 • (chok) · 矚 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|矚 • (chok) · 矚 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|watch carefully • stare at • focus on
|watch carefully • stare at • focus on
|
|
|
|矚
|矚
|-
|-
|矜
|矜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹
|Corrupted from 矝, which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic 矛 (“spear”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part 今 (jīn). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim • Middle-Chinese : king ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gin • Middle-Chinese : gj+n ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹
|to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for ‖ handle of a spear ‖ Alternative form of 鰥／鳏 (guān, “old man with no wife”) • Alternative form of 瘝 (guān, “to be ill”)
|to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for ‖ handle of a spear ‖ Alternative form of 鰥／鳏 (guān, “old man with no wife”) • Alternative form of 瘝 (guān, “to be ill”)
|
|
Line 9,220: Line 11,207:
|矜 • (geung, geun) · 矜 • (geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, 근, revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)
|矜 • (geung, geun) · 矜 • (geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, 근, revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)
|pity • feel sorry for • show sympathy for
|pity • feel sorry for • show sympathy for
|
|
|
|矜
|矜
|-
|-
|矽
|矽
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 夕 (xī). \ From English silicon. Coined by Chinese scientist Xu Shou in 1871. The term is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) "selenium" and 錫／锡 (xī) "tin".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k
|(chemistry, chiefly Taiwan and Hong Kong, dated in Mainland China) silicon
|(chemistry, chiefly Taiwan and Hong Kong, dated in Mainland China) silicon
Line 9,230: Line 11,219:
|矽 • (seok) · 矽 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|矽 • (seok) · 矽 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|
|
|canonical : 矽: Hán Việt readings: tịch
|
|
|矽
|矽
|-
|-
|砝
|砝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ
|; Etymology 1 \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 + abbreviated phonetic 法. \ ; Etymologies 2 and 3 \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːb, *kab) : semantic 石 + phonetic 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Middle-Chinese : kjaep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Middle-Chinese : kap
|Used in 砝碼／砝码 (fǎmǎ). ‖ (obsolete, rare) hard ‖ (obsolete, rare) the sound of rocks
|Used in 砝碼／砝码 (fǎmǎ). ‖ (obsolete, rare) hard ‖ (obsolete, rare) the sound of rocks
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,244: Line 11,236:
|-
|-
|砥
|砥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Middle-Chinese : tsyij • Middle-Chinese : tsyeX • Middle-Chinese : tsyijX
|(literary) fine-grained whetstone • to grind; to polish • to temper oneself; to steel oneself • smooth; level; even
|(literary) fine-grained whetstone • to grind; to polish • to temper oneself; to steel oneself • smooth; level; even
|
|
|
|
|砥 • (ji) · 砥 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
|砥 • (ji) · 砥 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,254: Line 11,248:
|-
|-
|砧
|砧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tim
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'ɯm) : semantic 石 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tim • Middle-Chinese : trim
|base for beating or chopping · stone base for beating clothes • base for beating or chopping · anvil • base for beating or chopping · base for cutting or lethal sentence • base in general • (Hakka) to hold one's hands in closed fists and to strike with phalanx
|base for beating or chopping · stone base for beating clothes • base for beating or chopping · anvil • base for beating or chopping · base for cutting or lethal sentence • base in general • (Hakka) to hold one's hands in closed fists and to strike with phalanx
|
|
Line 9,260: Line 11,255:
|砧 • (chim) · 砧 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim)
|砧 • (chim) · 砧 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : châm
|
|
|砧
|砧
|-
|-
|砭
|砭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pian ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pian • Middle-Chinese : pjem • Middle-Chinese : pjemH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ
|(traditional Chinese medicine) stone needle used in acupuncture • (traditional Chinese medicine) to stab with such a needle • to pierce • to treat; to cure • to counsel; advise • (literary) providing constructive criticisms and suggestions ‖ (dialectal) mountain slope; hillside
|(traditional Chinese medicine) stone needle used in acupuncture • (traditional Chinese medicine) to stab with such a needle • to pierce • to treat; to cure • to counsel; advise • (literary) providing constructive criticisms and suggestions ‖ (dialectal) mountain slope; hillside
|
|
Line 9,270: Line 11,267:
|砭 • (pyeom) · 砭 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)
|砭 • (pyeom) · 砭 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)
|stone needle
|stone needle
|Hán-Nôm : biếm
|
|
|砭
|砭
|-
|-
|砲
|砲
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,279: Line 11,278:
|cannon, artillery ‖ gun, firearm • (by extension) Alternative spelling of 大砲 (“cannon, artillery”) ‖ gun • cannon, artillery • ordnance
|cannon, artillery ‖ gun, firearm • (by extension) Alternative spelling of 大砲 (“cannon, artillery”) ‖ gun • cannon, artillery • ordnance
|砲 (eumhun 대포 포 (daepo po))
|砲 (eumhun 대포 포 (daepo po))
|Hanja form of 포 (“cannon”).
|hanja form of 포 (“cannon”)
|Hán-Nôm : pháo
|
|
|砲
|砲
|-
|-
|硃
|硃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyu
|cinnabar • ink made from cinnabar • red • a surname
|cinnabar • ink made from cinnabar • red • a surname
|
|
Line 9,290: Line 11,291:
|硃 • (ju) · 硃 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|硃 • (ju) · 硃 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|cinnabar
|cinnabar
|
|
|
|硃
|硃
|-
|-
|硏
|硯
|
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiān • Middle-Chinese : ngenH
|
|to polish • study of ... • to sharpen • inkstone • a surname
|硏 (eumhun 갈 연 (gal yeon))
|Hanja form of 연 (“grinding”).
|
|硏
|-
|硯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiān
|inkstone
|inkstone
|
|
Line 9,310: Line 11,303:
|硯 • (yeon) · 硯 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|硯 • (yeon) · 硯 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghiền • Hán-Nôm : nghiên • Hán-Nôm : nghiễn • Hán-Nôm : nghẽn • Hán-Nôm : khố
|
|
|硯
|硯
|-
|-
|硼
|硼
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 朋. \ Originally only used in 硼砂 (“borax”): first attested in 《丹方鑑源》 (Tang dynasty), as 大朋砂. The 硼 here is a loanword; compare Middle Persian bwlk' (bōrag). \ The “boron” sense of 硼 is a clipping or back-formation. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹
|(chemistry) boron ‖ (onomatopoeia) a loud sound • Alternative form of 蹦 (bèng, “to jump”) • Alternative form of 碰 (pèng, “to bump; to touch”)
|(chemistry) boron ‖ (onomatopoeia) a loud sound • Alternative form of 蹦 (bèng, “to jump”) • Alternative form of 碰 (pèng, “to bump; to touch”)
Line 9,319: Line 11,314:
|boron
|boron
|硼 • (bung, pyeong) · 硼 • (bung, pyeong) (hangeul 붕, 평)
|硼 • (bung, pyeong) · 硼 • (bung, pyeong) (hangeul 붕, 평)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,324: Line 11,320:
|-
|-
|碉
|碉
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau
|room made of stone • pillbox; blockhouse
|room made of stone • pillbox; blockhouse
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,334: Line 11,332:
|-
|-
|碩
|碩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djaɡ) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 頁.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t • Middle-Chinese : dzyek
|large; big • great; eminent • beautiful; fine • firm; stable • Short for 碩士／硕士 (shuòshì, “master's degree”). • a surname
|large; big • great; eminent • beautiful; fine • firm; stable • Short for 碩士／硕士 (shuòshì, “master's degree”). • a surname
|
|
|large • great • eminent
|large • great • eminent
|碩 • (seok) · 碩 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|碩 • (seok) · 碩 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|
|
|
|碩 (thạc, thượt)
|碩 (thạc, thượt)
Line 9,344: Line 11,344:
|-
|-
|碼
|碼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːʔ) : semantic 石 (“stone; rock”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Before Qing dynasty, the character was used in word 碼瑙／码瑙 (Yupian) and 碼頭／码头 (mǎtou) (Stories to Awaken the World), both originally written with 馬／马 (mǎ). \ ; “gambling chip”, “chip for counting” (> “number”), “classifier for things” \ ; “yard” \ ; “kilometer per hour” \ ; “pixelization” \ ; “to reply to a post for reading it later”
|Used in 碼瑙／码瑙. • digit; number; code • (of shoes) number of size • (Cantonese, of clothing in general) size • yard (unit of length) • (computing) code • code, encoding of a Chinese character into the Latin alphabet • Classifier for things, matter. • (colloquial) to pile up • (nonstandard) kilometer per hour • (Mainland China, neologism) pixelization • (Mainland China, neologism) to reply to a post for reading it later • (Mainland China, neologism) to type a document
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā • Middle-Chinese : maeX
|Used in 碼瑙／码瑙. • digit; number; code • (of shoes) number of size • (Cantonese, of clothing in general) size • yard (unit of length) • (Cantonese) Classifier for hours (of work). • (computing) code • code, encoding of a Chinese character into the Latin alphabet • Classifier for things, matter. • (colloquial) to pile up • (nonstandard) kilometer per hour • (Mainland China, neologism) pixelization • (Mainland China, neologism) to reply to a post for reading it later • (Mainland China, neologism) to type a document
|
|
|
|
|碼 • (ma) · 碼 • (ma) (hangeul 마)
|碼 • (ma) · 碼 • (ma) (hangeul 마)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mã
|
|
|碼
|碼
|-
|-
|磋
|磋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlaːl) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsha • Middle-Chinese : tshwaH
|(literal) to polish • ^⁜ (figurative) to deliberate
|(literal) to polish • ^⁜ (figurative) to deliberate
|
|
Line 9,360: Line 11,363:
|磋 • (cha) · 磋 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|磋 • (cha) · 磋 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tha
|
|
|磋
|磋
|-
|-
|磐
|磐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːn) : phonetic 般 (OC *praːn, *paːn, *baːn) + semantic 石 (“stone”). \ ; “large rock”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuân • Middle-Chinese : ban
|large rock; boulder • stable; firm • Alternative form of 盤／盘 (pán, “to linger; to not move away”)
|large rock; boulder • stable; firm • Alternative form of 盤／盘 (pán, “to linger; to not move away”)
|
|
Line 9,370: Line 11,375:
|磐 • (ban) · 磐 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
|磐 • (ban) · 磐 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bàn
|
|
|磐
|磐
|-
|-
|磚
|磚
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjon) : semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 專 (OC *tjon).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuan • Middle-Chinese : tsywen
|brick (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • tile; paving • (computing slang, figurative) brick (an electronic device, especially a heavy box-shaped one, that has become non-functional or obsolete)
|brick (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • tile; paving • (computing slang, figurative) brick (an electronic device, especially a heavy box-shaped one, that has become non-functional or obsolete)
|
|
|
|brick
|磚 • (jeon) · 磚 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|磚 • (jeon) · 磚 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuyên • Hán-Nôm : gạch
|
|
|磚
|磚
|-
|-
|磬
|磬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 殸 + 石 (“stone”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³ • Middle-Chinese : khengH
|stone chimes; sounding stone; qing • (Buddhism) inverted bell (a Buddhist percussion instrument)
|stone chimes; sounding stone; qing • (Buddhism) inverted bell (a Buddhist percussion instrument)
|
|
Line 9,390: Line 11,399:
|磬 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|磬 (eum 경 (gyeong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khánh
|
|
|磬
|磬
|-
|-
|磯
|磯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j
|(obsolete, of waves) to pound against rocks • (obsolete, figurative) to enrage; to offend • rock jutting out of the water at the shore; rocky beach
|(obsolete, of waves) to pound against rocks • (obsolete, figurative) to enrage; to offend • rock jutting out of the water at the shore; rocky beach
|
|
Line 9,400: Line 11,411:
|磯 • (gi) · 磯 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|磯 • (gi) · 磯 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ki • Hán-Nôm : cơ
|
|
|磯
|磯
|-
|-
|磴
|磴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄥ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tongH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄥ
|(literary) stone steps on ledge, cliff, or hill • (literary) stone bridge with steps • stone bench; stone stool • Classifier for steps or rungs. ‖ to kick ‖ to increase; to grow
|(literary) stone steps on ledge, cliff, or hill • (literary) stone bridge with steps • stone bench; stone stool • Classifier for steps or rungs. ‖ to kick ‖ to increase; to grow
|
|
|
|
|磴 • (deung) · 磴 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng, Yale tung)
|磴 • (deung) · 磴 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng, Yale tung)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,414: Line 11,428:
|-
|-
|磺
|磺
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“rock; stone”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn
|^⁜ (chemistry) sulfur, brimstone • (chemistry) sulfonyl
|^⁜ (chemistry) sulfur, brimstone • (chemistry) sulfonyl
Line 9,419: Line 11,434:
|sulfur
|sulfur
|磺 • (gwang) · 磺 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|磺 • (gwang) · 磺 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,424: Line 11,440:
|-
|-
|礙
|礙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gāi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːs) : semantic 石 + phonetic 疑 (OC *ŋɯ). \ Uncertain, possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔgak, Tibetan འགག ('gag, “obstruction, stoppage”), བཀག (bkag, “blockage, barricade, barrier”), དགག (dgag, “block, inhibit, obstruct”) & འགེགས་པ ('gegs pa, “hinder, thwart, obstruct”) (Bodman, 1980), as Tibeto-Burman voice stops sometimes correspond to Chinese nasal initials (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gāi • Middle-Chinese : ngojH
|to obstruct; to hinder; to block; to deter • obstruction; hindrance
|to obstruct; to hinder; to block; to deter • obstruction; hindrance
|
|
Line 9,430: Line 11,447:
|礙 • (ae) · 礙 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|礙 • (ae) · 礙 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngại • Hán-Nôm : ngái
|
|
|礙
|礙
|-
|-
|礦
|礦
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷraːŋʔ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng • Middle-Chinese : kwaengX
|mineral deposit • ore • mine • a surname: Kuang
|mineral deposit • ore • mine • a surname: Kuang
|
|
Line 9,440: Line 11,459:
|礦 • (gwang, hwang) · 礦 • (gwang, hwang) (hangeul 광, 황, revised gwang, hwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, hwang, Yale kwang, hwang)
|礦 • (gwang, hwang) · 礦 • (gwang, hwang) (hangeul 광, 황, revised gwang, hwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, hwang, Yale kwang, hwang)
|mineral, ore
|mineral, ore
|Hán-Nôm : khoáng • Hán-Nôm : quáng • Hán-Nôm : khoắng
|
|
|礦
|礦
|-
|-
|礪
|礪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lè
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lè
|whetstone • to whet; to sharpen ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 鑢／𮣶 (“to rub; file (tool); to file”)
|whetstone • to whet; to sharpen ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 鑢／𮣶 (“to rub; file (tool); to file”)
|
|
|
|
|礪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 礪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|礪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 礪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,454: Line 11,476:
|-
|-
|礫
|礫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ
|gravel; pebbles; potsherds ‖ Only used in 卓礫／卓砾. ‖ ^‡ Appearance of white stones/rocks.
|gravel; pebbles; potsherds ‖ Only used in 卓礫／卓砾. ‖ ^‡ Appearance of white stones/rocks.
| ‖ 礫(れき) • (reki) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (tsubute) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (Tsubute) ‖ 礫(たぶて) • (tabute) ‖ 礫(こいし) • (koishi) ‖ 礫(たびいし) • (tabiishi)
| ‖ 礫(れき) • (reki) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (tsubute) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (Tsubute) ‖ 礫(たぶて) • (tabute) ‖ 礫(こいし) • (koishi) ‖ 礫(たびいし) • (tabiishi)
|pebble, stone ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing • gravel ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ a place name ‖ (obsolete) a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ Alternative spelling of 小石 (koishi): a small stone or pebble ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
|pebble, stone ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing • gravel ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ a place name ‖ (obsolete) a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ Alternative spelling of 小石 (koishi): a small stone or pebble ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
|礫 (eumhun 조약돌 력 (joyakdol ryeok), South Korea 조약돌 역 (joyakdol yeok))
|礫 (eumhun 조약돌 력 (joyakdol ryeok), word-initial (South Korea) 조약돌 역 (joyakdol yeok))
|Hanja form of 력/역 (“pebble”).
|hanja form of 력/역 (“pebble”)
|
|
|
|礫
|礫
|-
|-
|礬
|礬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ban) : phonetic 樊 (OC *ban) + semantic 石 (“stone”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon
|alum
|alum
|
|
Line 9,470: Line 11,495:
|礬 • (ban) · 礬 • (ban) (hangeul 반)
|礬 • (ban) · 礬 • (ban) (hangeul 반)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phàn • Hán-Nôm : phèn
|
|
|礬
|礬
|-
|-
|礼
|礼
|Based on an ancient form of 禮 recorded in Shuowen as . In regular script, the earliest record can be traced back to the Tang dynasty orthographical dictionary Ganlu Zishu 《干祿字書》. \ In modern form: Simplified from 禮 (示 → 礻 and 豊 → 乚).
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 礼(れい) • (rei)
| ‖ 礼(れい) • (rei)
|manners; etiquette ‖ a bow, the gesture of bending at the waist • an expression of thanks or gratitude
|manners; etiquette ‖ a bow, the gesture of bending at the waist • an expression of thanks or gratitude
|礼 (eum 례 (rye), South Korea 예 (ye))
|礼 (eum 례 (rye), word-initial (South Korea) 예 (ye))
|Alternative form of 禮
|Alternative form of 禮
|canonical : 礼: Hán Việt readings: lễ 礼: Nôm readings: lạy • canonical : lẫy • canonical : lấy • canonical : trễ • canonical : lẻ • canonical : lãi • canonical : lễ • canonical : rẻ • canonical : trẻ • canonical : rẽ • canonical : lẩy • canonical : lệ • canonical : lưỡi • canonical : lẽ • canonical : lởi • canonical : lỡi • canonical : trẩy • canonical : lể
|Alternative form of 禮
|Alternative form of 禮
|礼
|礼
|-
|-
|祁
|祁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡril, *kljilʔ) : phonetic 示 (OC *ɡle, *ɢljils) + semantic 邑 (“place”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡril, *kljilʔ) : phonetic 示 (OC *ɡle, *ɢljils) + semantic 邑 (“place”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsyijX
|great • (～縣) Qi County (a county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China) • Short for 祁門／祁门 (Qímén). • Short for 祁陽／祁阳 (Qíyáng). • ^‡ numerous; ample; abundant • a surname ‖  
|great • (～縣) Qi County (a county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China) • Short for 祁門／祁门 (Qímén). • Short for 祁陽／祁阳 (Qíyáng). • ^‡ numerous; ample; abundant • a surname ‖  
|
|
Line 9,490: Line 11,519:
|祁 • (gi) · 祁 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|祁 • (gi) · 祁 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|canonical : 祁: Hán Việt readings: kì • canonical : kỳ 祁: Nôm readings: kì • canonical : kỳ
|chữ Hán form of Kì (“a surname”).
|chữ Hán form of Kì (“a surname”).
|祁
|祁
|-
|-
|祆
|祆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰliːn) : semantic 礻 + phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn, “heaven”). \ Cognate with 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian • Middle-Chinese : xen
|Ahura Mazda, god of the Zoroastrians
|Ahura Mazda, god of the Zoroastrians
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,504: Line 11,536:
|-
|-
|祇
|祇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡe) : semantic 示 + phonetic 氏 (OC *skeŋ, *kje, *ɡjeʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjie
|earth spirit • big • to feel relieved; to be at ease • this
|earth spirit • big • to feel relieved; to be at ease • this
|
|
Line 9,510: Line 11,543:
|祇 • (gi, ji) · 祇 • (gi, ji) (hangeul 기, 지, revised gi, ji, McCune–Reischauer ki, chi, Yale ki, ci)
|祇 • (gi, ji) · 祇 • (gi, ji) (hangeul 기, 지, revised gi, ji, McCune–Reischauer ki, chi, Yale ki, ci)
|
|
|canonical : 祇: Hán Việt readings: chi • canonical : chỉ • canonical : kì • canonical : kỳ 祇: Nôm readings: chỉ
|
|
|祇
|祇
|-
|-
|祐
|祐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯs) : semantic 礻 (“spirit”) + phonetic 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs). \ Exoactive of 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs, “right (side)”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : hjuwH
|(of divinity) to assist; to bless; to protect • Alternative form of 佑 (yòu, “to assist”) • a surname
|(of divinity) to assist; to bless; to protect • Alternative form of 佑 (yòu, “to assist”) • a surname
| ‖ 祐(ゆう) • (Yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 祐(ひろし) • (Hiroshi)
| ‖ 祐(ゆう) • (Yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 祐(ひろし) • (Hiroshi)
Line 9,520: Line 11,555:
|祐 • (u) · 祐 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|祐 • (u) · 祐 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hựu • Hán-Nôm : hữu
|
|
|祐
|祐
|-
|-
|祗
|祗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjil) : semantic 示 + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi • Middle-Chinese : tsyij
|(literary) to respect; to look up to; to revere
|(literary) to respect; to look up to; to revere
|
|
|to respect; to look up to • earnestly; just
|to respect; to look up to • earnestly; just
|祗 (eumhun 공경(恭敬)할 지 (gonggyeonghal ji))
|祗 (eumhun 공경(恭敬)할 지 (gonggyeonghal ji))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,534: Line 11,572:
|-
|-
|祚
|祚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo • Middle-Chinese : dzuH
|
|
|
|
Line 9,540: Line 11,579:
|祚 • (jo) · 祚 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|祚 • (jo) · 祚 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tộ
|
|
|祚
|祚
|-
|-
|祺
|祺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ, *ɡɯ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gi
|auspicious; propitious • good luck; felicity
|auspicious; propitious • good luck; felicity
|
|
Line 9,550: Line 11,591:
|祺 • (gi) · 祺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|祺 • (gi) · 祺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kì
|
|
|祺
|祺
|-
|-
|禅
|禅
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,560: Line 11,603:
|禅 • (seon) · 禅 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|禅 • (seon) · 禅 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|Zen
|Zen
|
|
|
|禅
|禅
|-
|-
|禎
|禎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : trjeng
|lucky; auspicious • good omen
|lucky; auspicious • good omen
|
|
|(さいわい) divine grace • (さいわい) auspicious • (ただしい) straight, unwarped
|(さいわい) divine grace • (さいわい) auspicious • (ただしい) straight, unwarped
|禎 • (jeong) · 禎 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|禎 • (jeong) · 禎 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,574: Line 11,620:
|-
|-
|禦
|禦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Middle-Chinese : ngjoX
|to defend, to resist, to hold out against
|to defend, to resist, to hold out against
|
|
Line 9,580: Line 11,627:
|禦 (eum 어 (eo))
|禦 (eum 어 (eo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngữ • Hán-Nôm : ngừa • Hán-Nôm : ngự
|
|
|禦
|禦
|-
|-
|禧
|禧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xi
|favourable luck; good fortune; auspiciousness; blessings
|favourable luck; good fortune; auspiciousness; blessings
|
|
|
|
|禧 • (hui) · 禧 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|禧 • (hui) · 禧 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,594: Line 11,644:
|-
|-
|禱
|禱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo • Middle-Chinese : tawX • Middle-Chinese : tawH
|to pray
|to pray
|
|
Line 9,600: Line 11,651:
|禱 • (do) · 禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|禱 • (do) · 禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|to pray
|to pray
|
|
|
|禱
|禱
|-
|-
|禿
|禿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 毛 (“hair”) + 儿 (“person”). 毛 later corrupted into 禾.
|(of a person's scalp) having little or no hair; bald • (of a mountain, vegetation, etc.) bare; barren; stripped • (of a tool) blunt • (of a work) unfinished; unsatisfactory
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuh • Middle-Chinese : thuwk
|(of a person's scalp) having little or no hair; bald • (of a mountain, vegetation, etc.) bare; barren; stripped • (of a tool) blunt • (of a work) unfinished; unsatisfactory • (Quanzhou Hokkien) slick and sly, hard to deal with (especially due to age) • (Shanghainese) all, everything
| ‖ 禿(はげ) • (hage) ‖ 禿(かむろ) • (kamuro) ‖ 禿(かぶろ) • (kaburo) ‖ 禿(とく) • (toku) ‖ 禿(はげ) • (Hage)
| ‖ 禿(はげ) • (hage) ‖ 禿(かむろ) • (kamuro) ‖ 禿(かぶろ) • (kaburo) ‖ 禿(とく) • (toku) ‖ 禿(はげ) • (Hage)
| ‖ baldness • treelessness ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bald ‖ (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) SoftBank (telecommunications company based in Japan) • (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) Masayoshi Son
| ‖ baldness • treelessness ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bald ‖ (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) SoftBank (telecommunications company based in Japan) • (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) Masayoshi Son
|禿 • (dok) · 禿 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|禿 • (dok) · 禿 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|Bald
|Bald
|
|
|
|禿
|禿
|-
|-
|秘
|秘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì
|In current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mpriɡs) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). \ Variant (俗字) of 祕 via 示 → 禾. \ Read mì instead of bì in Mandarin as a result of conflation with 密 (mì) (c.f. 秘密 (mìmì)) (Fu, 1958).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pijH
|secret; undisclosed; confidential • mysterious; abstruse • rare; scarce; extraordinary • to keep as a secret • to block • Short for 秘書／秘书 (mìshū, “secretary”). • Short for 秘魯／秘鲁 (Bìlǔ, “Peru”). • a surname
|secret; undisclosed; confidential • mysterious; abstruse • rare; scarce; extraordinary • to keep as a secret • to block • Short for 秘書／秘书 (mìshū, “secretary”). • Short for 秘魯／秘鲁 (Bìlǔ, “Peru”). • a surname
|
|
Line 9,620: Line 11,675:
|秘 • (bi) · 秘 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|秘 • (bi) · 秘 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bí
|
|
|秘
|秘
|-
|-
|秣
|秣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mat
|
|
|
|
Line 9,630: Line 11,687:
|秣 • (mal) · 秣 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal)
|秣 • (mal) · 秣 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mạt
|
|
|秣
|秣
|-
|-
|称
|称
|Simplified from 穪 (爾 → 尔), where 穪 is corrupted from 稱. It was found in various moveable type copies of classical novels. First attested in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930 that records unorthodox forms (俗字 (súzì)) that have existed since the Song dynasty. \ Adopted as an official simplified character by the People's Republic of China in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme.
|
|
|
|
Line 9,640: Line 11,699:
|称 • (ching) · 称 • (ching) (hangeul 칭, revised ching, McCune–Reischauer ch'ing, Yale ching)
|称 • (ching) · 称 • (ching) (hangeul 칭, revised ching, McCune–Reischauer ch'ing, Yale ching)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xưng • Hán-Nôm : hấng • Hán-Nôm : xứng
|
|
|称
|称
|-
|稅
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suè • Middle-Chinese : sywejH
|tax; revenue; duty • (Hakka, Southern Min) to rent • (informal, slang, often passive) to tax • a surname: Shui
|
|tax
|稅 (eumhun 세금 세 (segeum se))
|hanja form of 세 (“tax”)
|Hán-Nôm : thuế
|
|稅
|-
|-
|稈
|稈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn • Middle-Chinese : kanX
|stalk (of grain); straw
|stalk (of grain); straw
| ‖ 稈(かん) • (kan)
| ‖ 稈(かん) • (kan)
Line 9,650: Line 11,723:
|稈 (eum 간 (gan))
|稈 (eum 간 (gan))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cán
|
|
|稈
|稈
|-
|-
|稔
|稔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nam⁵ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯːm) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms). \ ; “year” ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nam⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nyimX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹
|year • (of crops, grains) to ripen; ripe; mature; fully-grown • Classifier for number of crops grown in a year: crop; harvest • to accumulate in the course of time; to collect; to pile up • to be familiar with; to know • usually; normally • beautiful • Alternative form of 飪／饪 (rèn, “to steam (till cooked)”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 棯 (nim1, “rose myrtle”)
|year • (of crops, grains) to ripen; ripe; mature; fully-grown • Classifier for number of crops grown in a year: crop; harvest • to accumulate in the course of time; to collect; to pile up • to be familiar with; to know • usually; normally • beautiful • Alternative form of 飪／饪 (rèn, “to steam (till cooked)”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 棯 (nim1, “rose myrtle”)
| ‖ 稔(みのる) • (Minoru)
| ‖ 稔(みのる) • (Minoru)
Line 9,660: Line 11,735:
|稔 • (im, yeom) · 稔 • (im, yeom) (hangeul 임, 염, revised im, yeom, McCune–Reischauer im, yŏm, Yale im, yem)
|稔 • (im, yeom) · 稔 • (im, yeom) (hangeul 임, 염, revised im, yeom, McCune–Reischauer im, yŏm, Yale im, yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhẫm • Hán-Nôm : nậm • Hán-Nôm : nẫm
|
|
|稔
|稔
|-
|-
|稜
|稜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːŋ) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 夌 (OC *rɯŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : long
|arris; edge; corner • corrugation; ridge on an object • prestige; might
|arris; edge; corner • corrugation; ridge on an object • prestige; might
|
|
|angle • edge
|angle • edge
|稜 • (reung>neung) · 稜 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|稜 • (reung>neung) · 稜 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,674: Line 11,752:
|-
|-
|稟
|稟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pín • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㐭 (“granary”) + 禾 (“grain”) meaning "to gift grain". ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㐭 (“granary”) + 禾 (“grain”) meaning "to gift grain".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pín • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng • Middle-Chinese : pimX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵
|to bestow; to endow • to receive • to report (to one's superior) ‖ Alternative form of 廩／廪 (“granary; barn”) • Alternative form of 懍／懔 (lǐn, “to fear; to venerate”)
|to bestow; to endow • to receive • to report (to one's superior) ‖ Alternative form of 廩／廪 (“granary; barn”) • Alternative form of 懍／懔 (lǐn, “to fear; to venerate”)
|
|
Line 9,680: Line 11,759:
|稟 • (pum, reum) · 稟 • (pum, reum) (hangeul 품, 름, revised pum, reum, McCune–Reischauer p'um, rŭm, Yale phum, rum)
|稟 • (pum, reum) · 稟 • (pum, reum) (hangeul 품, 름, revised pum, reum, McCune–Reischauer p'um, rŭm, Yale phum, rum)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bẩm • Hán-Nôm : bám • Hán-Nôm : bặm • Hán-Nôm : bẳm • Hán-Nôm : bấm • Hán-Nôm : bụm • Hán-Nôm : lắm
|
|
|稟
|稟
|-
|-
|稷
|稷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik
|Sagart (2008: 134-136) considers it a cognate of Proto-Austronesian *bəCəŋ (“foxtail millet”) as part of the hypothetical Sino-Tibetan-Austronesian language family. Blust (2013: 713), however, finds this comparison unconvincing because of the apparently arbitrary and phonetically unjustified fluctuation between Old Chinese *-k and Proto-Austronesian *-ŋ. \ Cognates of this word are found in a handful of Tibeto-Burman languages, such as Drung tɕɑʔ⁵⁵ (“millet”) and Lhokpu cək (“Setaria italica”) (Sagart, 2008). This etymon should be kept separated from 饎 (OC *kʰljɯs), 芑 (OC *kʰɯʔ) and 穄 (OC *ʔsleds). The first two may belong to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *khrəj (“millet”), while the last one may be related to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *tsap (“millet”), along with Burmese ဆပ် (hcap, “Setaria italica”) and Nuosu ꏹ (jyp, “millet”) (Schuessler, 2007: 299).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Middle-Chinese : tsik
|foxtail millet (Setaria italica) • God of cereals • † minister of agriculture
|foxtail millet (Setaria italica) • God of cereals • † minister of agriculture
| ‖ 稷(きび) or 稷(キビ) • (kibi)
| ‖ 稷(きび) or 稷(キビ) • (kibi)
Line 9,690: Line 11,771:
|稷 • (jik) · 稷 • (jik) (hangeul 직, revised jik, McCune–Reischauer chik, Yale cik)
|稷 • (jik) · 稷 • (jik) (hangeul 직, revised jik, McCune–Reischauer chik, Yale cik)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tắc
|
|
|稷
|稷
|-
|-
|穆
|穆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bo̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *muɡ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 㣎 () – standing grain.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bo̍k • Middle-Chinese : mjuwk
|standing grain • (historical) the right side position of tablets in ancestral shrines • (figurative) right side • reverent; respectful • magnificent and beautiful; majestic • solemn; solemnly silent • calm; mild; gentle • harmonious; peaceful • pure; honest • profound and lasting; far-reaching • Short for 穆罕默德 (Mùhǎnmòdé, “Muhammad”). • Short for 穆斯林 (mùsīlín, “Muslim”). • a surname
|standing grain • (historical) the right side position of tablets in ancestral shrines • (figurative) right side • reverent; respectful • magnificent and beautiful; majestic • solemn; solemnly silent • calm; mild; gentle • harmonious; peaceful • pure; honest • profound and lasting; far-reaching • Short for 穆罕默德 (Mùhǎnmòdé, “Muhammad”). • Short for 穆斯林 (mùsīlín, “Muslim”). • a surname
|
|
Line 9,700: Line 11,783:
|穆 • (mok) · 穆 • (mok) (hangeul 목, revised mok, McCune–Reischauer mok, Yale mok)
|穆 • (mok) · 穆 • (mok) (hangeul 목, revised mok, McCune–Reischauer mok, Yale mok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mục
|
|
|穆
|穆
|-
|-
|穌
|穌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋaː) : phonetic 魚 (OC *ŋa) + semantic 禾.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ • Middle-Chinese : su
|Alternative form of 蘇／苏 (sū, “perilla; tassel”) • Alternative form of 甦／苏 (sū, “revive; resuscitate; regain consciousness”) • Used in transcription.
|Alternative form of 蘇／苏 (sū, “perilla; tassel”) • Alternative form of 甦／苏 (sū, “revive; resuscitate; regain consciousness”) • Used in transcription.
|
|
Line 9,710: Line 11,795:
|穌 • (so) · 穌 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|穌 • (so) · 穌 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tô • Hán-Nôm : to
|
|
|穌
|穌
|-
|-
|穎
|穎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wing⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : íng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ínn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷeŋʔ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 頃 (OC *kʰʷeŋ, *kʰʷeŋʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wing⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : íng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ínn • Middle-Chinese : ywengX
|ear of grain • tip • clever; gifted
|ear of grain • tip • clever; gifted
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 9,720: Line 11,807:
|穎 • (yeong) · 穎 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|穎 • (yeong) · 穎 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dĩnh • Hán-Nôm : dánh • Hán-Nôm : dính • Hán-Nôm : nhảnh • Hán-Nôm : giảnh
|
|
|穎
|穎
|-
|-
|穡
|穡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯɡ) : semantic 禾 (“cereal; grain”) + phonetic 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ). Specialization of 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ). \ Probably related to 采 (OC *s.r̥ˤəʔ, “to pluck”) (Baxter, 1992; Sagart, 1999; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). See there for more. \ Schuessler (2007) compares it to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-šak (“to pluck; to pick (a fruit, etc.)”), as well as Khmer ច្រូត (crout, “to reap; to harvest”). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik
|to harvest; to reap • harvest; crops • to plant crops; to cultivate; to work on a farm • ear of grain • (literary or Hokkien) farming; farm labour • (Hokkien) work; labour (in general) • to link together; to connect; to hook together ‖ Alternative form of 嗇／啬 (sè, “to cherish; to not waste”) ‖ Alternative form of 㱇 (“anxious; distressed; sorrowful”)
|to harvest; to reap • harvest; crops • to plant crops; to cultivate; to work on a farm • ear of grain • (literary or Hokkien) farming; farm labour • (Hokkien) work; labour (in general) • to link together; to connect; to hook together ‖ Alternative form of 嗇／啬 (sè, “to cherish; to not waste”) ‖ Alternative form of 㱇 (“anxious; distressed; sorrowful”)
|
|
Line 9,730: Line 11,819:
|穡 • (saek) · 穡 • (saek) (hangeul 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek, Yale sayk)
|穡 • (saek) · 穡 • (saek) (hangeul 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek, Yale sayk)
|farm, harvest grain • stingy
|farm, harvest grain • stingy
|Hán-Nôm : sắc
|
|
|穡
|穡
|-
|-
|穢
|穢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷads) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 歲 (OC *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè • Middle-Chinese : 'jwojH
|dirty; filthy; unclean • immoral; obscene • (dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting • (Southern Min) to infect (a person) • (obsolete) overgrown with weeds
|dirty; filthy; unclean • immoral; obscene • (dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting • (Southern Min) to infect (a person) • (obsolete) overgrown with weeds
|
|
Line 9,740: Line 11,831:
|穢 • (ye) · 穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|穢 • (ye) · 穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : uế
|
|
|穢
|穢
|-
|穩
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Middle-Chinese : 'wonX
|stable; firm; steady • steady; reliable • to make stable; to stabilize; to calm • sure; certain • (slang, neologism) excellent; amazing; fantastic
|
|Kyūjitai form of 穏: calm, quiet; moderation
|穩 (eumhun 편안할 온 (pyeonanhal on))
|hanja form of 온 (“peaceful”)
|Hán-Nôm : ổn • Hán-Nôm : ủn • Hán-Nôm : ón • Hán-Nôm : ỏn • Hán-Nôm : ỉn
|
|穩
|-
|-
|穹
|穹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷɯŋ) : semantic 穴 + phonetic 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Middle-Chinese : khjuwng
|(literary) elevated and arched • (literary) sky • (literary) deep • (literary) high and vast • to fill up; to exhaust
|(literary) elevated and arched • (literary) sky • (literary) deep • (literary) high and vast • to fill up; to exhaust
|
|
|high arching vault • sky
|high arching vault • sky
|穹 (eumhun 하늘 궁 (haneul gung))
|穹 (eumhun 하늘 궁 (haneul gung))
|(literary) Hanja form of 궁 (“sky; heaven”). • (literary) Hanja form of 궁 (“arched”).
|(literary) hanja form of 궁 (“sky; heaven”) • (literary) hanja form of 궁 (“arched”)
|canonical : 穹: Hán Việt readings: khung • canonical : khum 穹: Nôm readings: khum • canonical : khung • canonical : cùng
|chữ Hán form of khung (“sky”). • Nôm form of khung (“border; frame”). • Nôm form of khum (“curved; convex”).
|chữ Hán form of khung (“sky”). • Nôm form of khung (“border; frame”). • Nôm form of khum (“curved; convex”).
|穹
|穹
|-
|-
|窃
|窃
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|to steal • secret, private
|to steal • secret, private
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,764: Line 11,872:
|-
|-
|窈
|窈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 幼 (OC *qrɯws).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : 'ewX
|(literary) profound; far-reaching • (literary) dim; gloomy
|(literary) profound; far-reaching • (literary) dim; gloomy
|
|
|
|
|窈 (eum 요 (yo))
|窈 (eum 요 (yo))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,774: Line 11,884:
|-
|-
|窓
|窓
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,779: Line 11,890:
| ‖ window • (regional, dialect, Etchū region) a deep gap in a mountain ridge (so called for the way the wind blows through, like a window) • マド: (investing) on a candlestick chart, a gap in day-to-day candlesticking caused by a marked increase or decrease in the price of a security, derivative, currency, or other investment ‖ (Internet slang, dated) Windows (an operating system)
| ‖ window • (regional, dialect, Etchū region) a deep gap in a mountain ridge (so called for the way the wind blows through, like a window) • マド: (investing) on a candlestick chart, a gap in day-to-day candlesticking caused by a marked increase or decrease in the price of a security, derivative, currency, or other investment ‖ (Internet slang, dated) Windows (an operating system)
|窓 (eumhun 창문 창 (changmun chang))
|窓 (eumhun 창문 창 (changmun chang))
|Hanja form of 창 (“window”).
|hanja form of 창 (“window”)
|Hán-Nôm : song
|
|
|窓
|窓
|-
|-
|窕
|窕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiáu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiáu • Middle-Chinese : dewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ
|Used in 窈窕 (yǎotiǎo). • to bore, to perforate • gap; unfilled space • unfilled • false; superficial • small ‖ Alternative form of 姚 (yáo) ‖ Alternative form of 佻
|Used in 窈窕 (yǎotiǎo). • to bore, to perforate • gap; unfilled space • unfilled • false; superficial • small ‖ Alternative form of 姚 (yáo) ‖ Alternative form of 佻
|
|
|
|
|窕 • (jo) · 窕 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|窕 • (jo) · 窕 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,794: Line 11,908:
|-
|-
|窠
|窠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Middle-Chinese : khwa
|bird's nest in cave; nest • (literary) simple dwelling • (literary) empty space; pit; hole • Alternative form of 棵 (“classifier for plants”)
|bird's nest in cave; nest • (literary) simple dwelling • (literary) empty space; pit; hole • Alternative form of 棵 (“classifier for plants”)
|
|
Line 9,800: Line 11,915:
|窠 (eum 과 (gwa))
|窠 (eum 과 (gwa))
|nest • hole • indentation • den
|nest • hole • indentation • den
|
|
|
|窠
|窠
|-
|-
|窩
|窩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qloːl) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo
|nest • nest · thing or place resembling a nest • cave; den • (figurative) hiding place • depression; pit; dimple; socket • to bend • to be choked (with emotion) • to hide something; to cause something to not be found • to lay idle • (colloquial) to stay (in a place) • Classifier for litter; brood. • (Internet slang) Eye dialect spelling of 我 (wǒ, “I; me”).
|nest • nest · thing or place resembling a nest • cave; den • (figurative) hiding place • depression; pit; dimple; socket • to bend • to be choked (with emotion) • to hide something; to cause something to not be found • to lay idle • (colloquial) to stay (in a place) • Classifier for litter; brood. • (Internet slang) Eye dialect spelling of 我 (wǒ, “I; me”).
|
|
Line 9,810: Line 11,927:
|窩 • (wa) · 窩 • (wa) (hangeul 와)
|窩 • (wa) · 窩 • (wa) (hangeul 와)
|a dugout hut • nest • cave
|a dugout hut • nest • cave
|Hán-Nôm : oa
|
|
|窩
|窩
|-
|-
|窪
|窪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua • Middle-Chinese : 'wae
|hollow; low-lying; sunken • depression; low-lying area • to sink
|hollow; low-lying; sunken • depression; low-lying area • to sink
|
|
Line 9,820: Line 11,939:
|窪 (eum 와 (wa))
|窪 (eum 와 (wa))
|
|
|canonical : 窪: Hán Việt readings: oa
|chữ Hán form of oa (“hollow; pit; depression; swamp”).
|chữ Hán form of oa (“hollow; pit; depression; swamp”).
|窪
|窪
|-
|-
|窺
|窺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khjwie
|to peep
|to peep
|
|
Line 9,830: Line 11,951:
|窺 • (gyu) · 窺 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|窺 • (gyu) · 窺 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khuy
|
|
|窺
|窺
|-
|-
|竄
|竄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鼠 (“mouse”) + 穴 (“hole”) – to hide in a hole.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tshwanH • Middle-Chinese : tshwan
|(now derogatory) to flee; to go in exile • (literary) to exile; to banish • (literary) to hide • (literary, or in compounds) to revise; to edit • (neologism, officialese, derogatory) Short for 竄訪／窜访 (cuànfǎng) • a surname: Cuan
|(now derogatory) to flee; to go in exile • (literary) to exile; to banish • (literary) to hide • (literary, or in compounds) to revise; to edit • (neologism, officialese, derogatory) Short for 竄訪／窜访 (cuànfǎng) • a surname: Cuan
|
|
Line 9,840: Line 11,963:
|竄 • (chan) · 竄 • (chan) (hangeul 찬)
|竄 • (chan) · 竄 • (chan) (hangeul 찬)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thoán
|
|
|竄
|竄
|-
|-
|竅
|竅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰleːwɢs) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ). \ Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ချောက် (hkyauk, “chasm, gulf”); alternative or additionally, 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) is k-prefixed nominal derivation of 窕 (OC *l'eːwʔ) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰleːwɢs) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ). \ Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ချောက် (hkyauk, “chasm, gulf”); alternative or additionally, 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) is k-prefixed nominal derivation of 窕 (OC *l'eːwʔ) (Schuessler, 2007).
|hole, aperture
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu • Middle-Chinese : khewH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò
|hole, aperture • idea; knack; key (to a problem) ‖ (Hokkien) magic; sorcery
|
|
|
|
|竅 • (gyu) · 竅 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|竅 • (gyu) · 竅 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,854: Line 11,980:
|-
|-
|竇
|竇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³
|hole; burrow • (anatomy) cavity; sinus • a surname ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) nest; den • (Cantonese, Hakka, colloquial) home • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, colloquial) hideout
|hole; burrow • (anatomy) cavity; sinus • a surname ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) nest; den • (Cantonese, Hakka, colloquial) home • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, colloquial) hideout
|
|
Line 9,860: Line 11,987:
|竇 (eum 두 (du))
|竇 (eum 두 (du))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đậu
|
|
|竇
|竇
|-
|竝
|
|
| ‖
|Kyūjitai form of 並 (ordinary, to put things side by side) ‖
|竝 (eumhun 나란히 병 (naranhi byeong)) · 竝 (eumhun 아우를 병 (aureul byeong)) · 竝 (eumhun 곁 방 (gyeot bang)) · 竝 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))
|Hanja form of 병 (“side by side, together, in order”). • Hanja form of 병 (“combine, annex”). • Hanja form of 방 (“side, vicinity”). • Hanja form of 반 (“used in place names”).
|
|竝
|-
|-
|竺
|竺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiok
|Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ) : phonetic 𥫗 (OC *tuɡ) + semantic 二 ― thick. ‖ Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ) : phonetic 𥫗 (OC *tuɡ) + semantic 二 ― thick.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tuwk • Middle-Chinese : towk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiok • Middle-Chinese : trjuwk
|Original form of 篤／笃 (dǔ, “thick; sincere; serious”). • Alternative form of 毒 (“to loathe; to detest”) • (historical) An ancient placename. ‖ (obsolete) bamboo • Short for 天竺 (Tiānzhú, “India”). • (by extension) relating to India or Buddhism; Buddhist • Name of a mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. • (historical, music) Name of an ancient musical instrument. • a surname, commonly adopted by early Buddhist monks.
|Original form of 篤／笃 (dǔ, “thick; sincere; serious”). • Alternative form of 毒 (“to loathe; to detest”) • (historical) An ancient placename. ‖ (obsolete) bamboo • Short for 天竺 (Tiānzhú, “India”). • (by extension) relating to India or Buddhism; Buddhist • Name of a mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. • (historical, music) Name of an ancient musical instrument. • a surname, commonly adopted by early Buddhist monks.
| ‖ 竺(あつし) • (Atsushi)
| ‖ 竺(あつし) • (Atsushi)
|bamboo ‖ a male given name
|bamboo • hearty, sincere, warm, thick • used in an ancient name of India ‖ a male given name
|竺 • (chuk, dok) · 竺 • (chuk, dok) (hangeul 축, 독, revised chuk, dok, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, tok, Yale chwuk, tok)
|竺 • (chuk, dok) · 竺 • (chuk, dok) (hangeul 축, 독, revised chuk, dok, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, tok, Yale chwuk, tok)
|
|
|canonical : 竺: Hán Việt readings: trúc • canonical : đốc 竺: Nôm readings: trúc
|chữ Hán form of Trúc (“former short name of India (天竺, Thiên Trúc), a surname”). • Alternative form of 篤 (“chữ Hán form of đốc (“honest”).”)
|chữ Hán form of Trúc (“former short name of India (天竺, Thiên Trúc), a surname”). • Alternative form of 篤 (“chữ Hán form of đốc (“honest”).”)
|竺
|竺
|-
|-
|竽
|竽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hju
|(historical) the yu, a wind instrument used in ancient China
|(historical) the yu, a wind instrument used in ancient China
| ‖ 竽(う) • (u)
| ‖ 竽(う) • (u)
Line 9,890: Line 12,011:
|竽 (eumhun 피리 우 (piri u))
|竽 (eumhun 피리 우 (piri u))
|flute • chief
|flute • chief
|Hán-Nôm : vu
|
|
|竽
|竽
|-
|-
|笆
|笆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praː, *braːʔ) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g/s-pʷa (“bamboo”) (STEDT). Cognate with Mizo rua (“bamboo”), Tibetan སྤ (spa, “cane; bamboo”), Burmese ဝါး (wa:, “bamboo”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa • Middle-Chinese : pae • Middle-Chinese : baeX
|bamboo fence
|bamboo fence
|
|
Line 9,900: Line 12,023:
|笆 (eum 파 (pa))
|笆 (eum 파 (pa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ba
|
|
|笆
|笆
|-
|-
|笞
|笞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhi
|whip used for corporal punishment
|whip used for corporal punishment
|
|
Line 9,910: Line 12,035:
|笞 • (tae) · 笞 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)
|笞 • (tae) · 笞 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)
|whip
|whip
|
|
|
|笞
|笞
|-
|-
|笠
|笠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍p ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lap¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rɯb) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb). \ Compare Proto-Tai *klɤpᴰ (“bamboo hat”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍p • Middle-Chinese : lip ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lap¹
|Asian conical hat ‖ (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua, Leizhou Min) basket (made from interwoven bamboo strips) • (Cantonese, Leizhou Min) to cover (with); to slip on • (Cantonese) to flatter; to fool
|Asian conical hat ‖ (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua, Leizhou Min) basket (made from interwoven bamboo strips) • (Cantonese, Leizhou Min) to cover (with); to slip on • (Cantonese) to flatter; to fool
| ‖ 笠(かさ) • (kasa)
| ‖ 笠(かさ) • (kasa)
|Asian conical hat ‖ Asian conical hat
|Asian conical hat ‖ Asian conical hat
|笠 (eumhun 삿갓 립 (satgat rip), South Korea 삿갓 입 (satgat ip))
|笠 (eumhun 삿갓 립 (satgat rip), word-initial (South Korea) 삿갓 입 (satgat ip))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lợp • Hán-Nôm : lép • Hán-Nôm : liếp • Hán-Nôm : lụp • Hán-Nôm : rạp • Hán-Nôm : lẹp • Hán-Nôm : lớp • Hán-Nôm : nập • Hán-Nôm : rập • Hán-Nôm : sập • Hán-Nôm : sệp • Hán-Nôm : sụp • Hán-Nôm : tấp
|
|
|笠
|笠
|-
|-
|筍
|筍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sún ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : seon²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰʷinʔ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin). ‖ From 順／顺 (seon6, “smooth; successful”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sún • Middle-Chinese : swinX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : seon²
|bamboo shoot • (literary, or in compounds) tender; young • ^† Alternative form of 簨 (sǔn, “horizontal beam on which bells hang”) ‖ (Cantonese, slang) very good; worth it; inexpensive; less costly than its actual value
|bamboo shoot • (literary, or in compounds) tender; young • ^† Alternative form of 簨 (sǔn, “horizontal beam on which bells hang”) ‖ (Cantonese, slang) very good; worth it; inexpensive; less costly than its actual value
|
|
Line 9,930: Line 12,059:
|筍 • (sun) · 筍 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|筍 • (sun) · 筍 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|sprout, shoot
|sprout, shoot
|Hán-Nôm : duẫn • Hán-Nôm : sũn • Hán-Nôm : hũn
|
|
|筍
|筍
|-
|-
|筠
|筠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷin) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 均 (OC *kʷin). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹
|(literary) skin of bamboo • (literary) bamboo ‖ (historical) Jun prefecture
|(literary) skin of bamboo • (literary) bamboo ‖ (historical) Jun prefecture
|
|
|
|
|筠 • (gyun) · 筠 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun)
|筠 • (gyun) · 筠 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 9,944: Line 12,076:
|-
|-
|筵
|筵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lan) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 延 (OC *lan, *lans).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : yen
|(obsolete or in compounds) banquet; feast • (obsolete) bamboo mat • (obsolete) seat
|(obsolete or in compounds) banquet; feast • (obsolete) bamboo mat • (obsolete) seat
| ‖ 筵(むしろ) • (mushiro) ‖ 筵(もしろ) • (moshiro) ‖ 筵(えん) • (en)
| ‖ 筵(むしろ) • (mushiro) ‖ 筵(もしろ) • (moshiro) ‖ 筵(えん) • (en)
Line 9,950: Line 12,083:
|筵 • (yeon) · 筵 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|筵 • (yeon) · 筵 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diên
|
|
|筵
|筵
|-
|-
|箏
|箏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : tsreang
|zither
|zither
| ‖ 箏(こと) • (koto) ‖ 箏(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(そう) • (Sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
| ‖ 箏(こと) • (koto) ‖ 箏(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(そう) • (Sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?)
Line 9,960: Line 12,095:
|箏 • (jaeng) · 箏 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|箏 • (jaeng) · 箏 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|
|
|canonical : 箏: Hán Việt readings: tranh 箏: Nôm readings: giành • canonical : tranh
|zither (e.g., đàn tranh)
|zither (e.g., đàn tranh)
|箏
|箏
|-
|-
|箔
|箔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍h
|From 薄 (bó).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍h • Middle-Chinese : bak
|foil; tinsel • foil paper burnt as offerings to the dead • screen made of reeds or sorghum stalks • bamboo tray for raising silkworms
|foil; tinsel • foil paper burnt as offerings to the dead • screen made of reeds or sorghum stalks • bamboo tray for raising silkworms
| ‖ 箔(はく) • (haku)
| ‖ 箔(はく) • (haku)
Line 9,970: Line 12,107:
|箔 • (bak) · 箔 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)
|箔 • (bak) · 箔 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)
|
|
|romanization : bạc
|
|
|箔
|箔
|-
|-
|箝
|箝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡram) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 拑 (OC *ɡram)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjem
|
|
|
|
Line 9,980: Line 12,119:
|箝 • (gyeom) · 箝 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|箝 • (gyeom) · 箝 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|tweezers • pliers • tongs • pincers
|tweezers • pliers • tongs • pincers
|
|
|
|箝
|箝
|-
|-
|箴
|箴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tserm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsom
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjɯm) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm) – a bamboo needle, probe. \ Same word as 針 (OC *kjum). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tserm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsom • Middle-Chinese : tsyim
|to admonish; to warn • Alternative form of 針／针 (zhēn, “needle; probe”)
|to admonish; to warn • Alternative form of 針／针 (zhēn, “needle; probe”)
|
|
Line 9,990: Line 12,131:
|箴 • (jam) · 箴 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|箴 • (jam) · 箴 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : châm • Hán-Nôm : giăm • Hán-Nôm : dăm • Hán-Nôm : giằm
|
|
|箴
|箴
|-
|-
|篁
|篁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang
|(literary) bamboo forest; bamboo grove • (literary) bamboo
|(literary) bamboo forest; bamboo grove • (literary) bamboo
| ‖ 篁(たかむら) • (Takamura)
| ‖ 篁(たかむら) • (Takamura)
Line 10,000: Line 12,143:
|篁 • (hwang) · 篁 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|篁 • (hwang) · 篁 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|bamboo grove
|bamboo grove
|
|
|
|篁
|篁
|-
|-
|篆
|篆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuǎn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuǎn • Middle-Chinese : drjwenX
|seal script • seal, official stamp
|seal script • seal, official stamp
| ‖ 篆(てん) • (ten)
| ‖ 篆(てん) • (ten)
Line 10,010: Line 12,155:
|篆 • (jeon) · 篆 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|篆 • (jeon) · 篆 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : triện • Hán-Nôm : chệnh • Hán-Nôm : chệ • Hán-Nôm : triển
|
|
|篆
|篆
|-
|-
|篙
|篙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːw) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : kaw
|bamboo pole used for punting boats • a surname
|bamboo pole used for punting boats • a surname
|
|
Line 10,020: Line 12,167:
|篙 • (go) · 篙 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|篙 • (go) · 篙 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|a punting pole • (boat) oar
|a punting pole • (boat) oar
|
|
|
|篙
|篙
|-
|-
|篩
|篩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai • Middle-Chinese : srij
|sieve; strainer; sifter • to sift; to strain • (dated) to pour (a drink) • (dated) to warm up (an alcoholic beverage) • (colloquial) to strike (a gong) • (literary) to rain
|sieve; strainer; sifter • to sift; to strain • (dated) to pour (a drink) • (dated) to warm up (an alcoholic beverage) • (colloquial) to strike (a gong) • (literary) to rain
|
|
|
|
|篩 • (sa) · 篩 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|篩 • (sa) · 篩 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,034: Line 12,184:
|-
|-
|篾
|篾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍h
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːd) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + abbreviated phonetic 蔑 (OC *meːd, *meːd).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍h • Middle-Chinese : met
|bamboo strips, splints or slats • strips of reed or plant stalks (especially sorghum stalk) • made using strips of bamboo, reed or stalk
|bamboo strips, splints or slats • strips of reed or plant stalks (especially sorghum stalk) • made using strips of bamboo, reed or stalk
|
|
|
|
|篾 • (myeol) · 篾 • (myeol) (hangeul 멸, revised myeol, McCune–Reischauer myŏl, Yale myel)
|篾 • (myeol) · 篾 • (myeol) (hangeul 멸, revised myeol, McCune–Reischauer myŏl, Yale myel)
|
|
|
|篾 (miệt, miết, giá, vạt)
|篾 (miệt, miết, giá, vạt)
Line 10,044: Line 12,196:
|-
|-
|簍
|簍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *roːʔ, *roʔ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro).
|(bamboo) basket • gross; one hundred forty-four; twelve dozen
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luw • Middle-Chinese : ljuX • Middle-Chinese : luwX
|(bamboo) basket • Classifier for things in a basket.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,054: Line 12,208:
|-
|-
|簞
|簞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan¹ • Middle-Chinese : tan
|a bamboo utensil for holding cooked rice; a basket
|a bamboo utensil for holding cooked rice; a basket
|
|
Line 10,060: Line 12,215:
|簞 (eumhun 대광주리 단 (daegwangjuri dan))
|簞 (eumhun 대광주리 단 (daegwangjuri dan))
|a bamboo basket
|a bamboo basket
|
|
|
|簞
|簞
|-
|-
|簣
|簣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰruːds, *ɡruds) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH • Middle-Chinese : khweajH
|bamboo basket for carrying earth
|bamboo basket for carrying earth
|
|
Line 10,070: Line 12,227:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gùi
|
|
|簣
|簣
|-
|-
|簪
|簪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Middle-Chinese : tsrim • Middle-Chinese : tsom
|hairpin; clasp • to wear in one's hair
|hairpin; clasp • to wear in one's hair
| ‖ 簪(かんざし) • (kanzashi)
| ‖ 簪(かんざし) • (kanzashi)
Line 10,080: Line 12,239:
|簪 • (jam) · 簪 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|簪 • (jam) · 簪 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trâm • Hán-Nôm : trám • Hán-Nôm : trắm
|
|
|簪
|簪
|-
|-
|簫
|簫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːw) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sew
|(music) xiao, a vertical, notched, end-blown bamboo flute used since ancient times in Chinese traditional and classical music • (music, historical) paixiao; panpipes • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min) transverse flute • a surname: Xiao
|(music) xiao, a vertical, notched, end-blown bamboo flute used since ancient times in Chinese traditional and classical music • (music, historical) paixiao; panpipes • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min) transverse flute • a surname: Xiao
| ‖ 簫(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?)
| ‖ 簫(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?)
Line 10,090: Line 12,251:
|簫 • (so) · 簫 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|簫 • (so) · 簫 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiêu • Hán-Nôm : tiu
|
|
|簫
|簫
|-
|-
|簷
|簷
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,099: Line 12,262:
|
|
|簷 • (cheom) · 簷 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|簷 • (cheom) · 簷 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,104: Line 12,268:
|-
|-
|簽
|簽
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *skʰlam) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam
|to sign; to endorse • slip of paper • Alternative form of 籤／签 (qiān)
|to sign; to endorse • slip of paper • Alternative form of 籤／签 (qiān)
Line 10,110: Line 12,275:
|簽 • (cheom) · 簽 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|簽 • (cheom) · 簽 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiêm • Hán-Nôm : kiểm • Hán-Nôm : tiêm • Hán-Nôm : xâm
|
|
|簽
|簽
|-
|-
|簾
|簾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rem) : semantic 竹 + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : ljem
|hanging screen; curtain; blind
|hanging screen; curtain; blind
|
|
|
|
|簾 (eumhun 발 렴 (bal ryeom), South Korea 발 염 (bal yeom))
|簾 (eumhun 발 렴 (bal ryeom), word-initial (South Korea) 발 염 (bal yeom))
|Hanja form of 렴/염 (“blind; curtain”).
|hanja form of 렴/염 (“blind; curtain”)
|Hán-Nôm : liêm
|
|
|簾
|簾
|-
|-
|籃
|籃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːm) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâm • Middle-Chinese : lam
|basket • (sports) ring; basket (in basketball) • (sports) basketball (sport) • Classifier for baskets.
|basket • (sports) ring; basket (in basketball) • (sports) basketball (sport) • Classifier for baskets.
|
|
Line 10,130: Line 12,299:
|籃 • (ram>nam) · 籃 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|籃 • (ram>nam) · 籃 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lam • Hán-Nôm : xờm • Hán-Nôm : làn • Hán-Nôm : xớm
|
|
|籃
|籃
|-
|-
|籌
|籌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *du) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw
|chip; tally; token • plan; stratagem; means • to plan; to prepare • to raise (money, funds, etc.) • (archaic) Classifier for persons. • (Cantonese) ticket for a queue
|chip; tally; token • plan; stratagem; means • to plan; to prepare • to raise (money, funds, etc.) • (archaic) Classifier for persons. • (Cantonese) ticket for a queue
|
|
Line 10,140: Line 12,311:
|籌 • (ju) · 籌 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|籌 • (ju) · 籌 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trù
|
|
|籌
|籌
|-
|-
|籟
|籟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lajH
|ancient wind instrument made with bamboo pipes • Synonym of 簫／箫 (xiāo, “xiao”) • sound; noise
|ancient wind instrument made with bamboo pipes • Synonym of 簫／箫 (xiāo, “xiao”) • sound; noise
|
|
Line 10,150: Line 12,323:
|籟 • (roe>noe) · 籟 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy)
|籟 • (roe>noe) · 籟 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lới • Hán-Nôm : lài
|
|
|籟
|籟
|-
|-
|籤
|籤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰem) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Middle-Chinese : tshjem
|inscribed bamboo slips used for divination or drawing lots; (in general) lot • slender pointed piece of wood • sticker; marker; label
|inscribed bamboo slips used for divination or drawing lots; (in general) lot • slender pointed piece of wood • sticker; marker; label
| ‖ 籤(くじ) • (kuji)
| ‖ 籤(くじ) • (kuji)
| ‖ lottery
| ‖ lottery
|籤 (eumhun 제비 첨 (jebi cheom))
|籤 (eumhun 제비 첨 (jebi cheom))
|Hanja form of 첨 (“lottery”).
|hanja form of 첨 (“lottery”)
|Hán-Nôm : thiêm • Hán-Nôm : tiêm
|
|
|籤
|籤
|-
|-
|籬
|籬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rel) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : lje
|fence made of bamboo or branches • Used in 笊籬／笊篱 (zhàoli, “strainer”). • (Cantonese) sieve; spider skimmer
|fence made of bamboo or branches • Used in 笊籬／笊篱 (zhàoli, “strainer”). • (Cantonese) sieve; spider skimmer
| ‖ 籬(かき) • (kaki) · 籬(まがき) • (magaki) · 籬(ませ) • (mase)
| ‖ 籬(かき) • (kaki) · 籬(まがき) • (magaki) · 籬(ませ) • (mase)
| ‖ Alternative form of 垣 • roughly woven fence • a short fence • a divider in theaters
| ‖ Alternative form of 垣 • roughly woven fence • a short fence • a divider in theaters
|籬 (eum 리 (ri), South Korea 이 (i))
|籬 (eum 리 (ri), word-initial (South Korea) 이 (i))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : li
|
|
|籬
|籬
|-
|-
|籮
|籮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl). \ Compare Mizo hrai (“basket for measuring rice”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luâ • Middle-Chinese : la
|bamboo basket
|bamboo basket
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,184: Line 12,364:
|-
|-
|籲
|籲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *los) : phonetic 籥 (OC *lowɢ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : yuH
|to appeal; to plead; to call
|to appeal; to plead; to call
|
|
Line 10,190: Line 12,371:
|籲 (eum 유 (yu))
|籲 (eum 유 (yu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dụ • Hán-Nôm : hu
|
|
|籲
|籲
|-
|-
|粘
|粘
|Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nem) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems) – glutinous, sticky rice.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Middle-Chinese : nrjem
|to adhere; to stick • a surname
|to adhere; to stick • a surname
|
|
|sticky, glutinous • to stick to, to cling to • to persevere
|sticky, glutinous • to stick to, to cling to • to persevere
|粘 (eumhun 붙을 점 (buteul jeom))
|粘 (eumhun 붙을 점 (buteul jeom))
|Hanja form of 점 (“sticky”).
|hanja form of 점 (“sticky”)
|Hán-Nôm : niêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : dính
|
|
|粘
|粘
|-
|-
|粧
|粧
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,210: Line 12,395:
|粧 • (jang) · 粧 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|粧 • (jang) · 粧 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chang • Hán-Nôm : trang
|
|
|粧
|粧
|-
|-
|粳
|粳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kaeng
|non-glutinous rice
|non-glutinous rice
|
|
Line 10,220: Line 12,407:
|粳 • (gaeng) · 粳 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng)
|粳 • (gaeng) · 粳 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : canh
|
|
|粳
|粳
|-
|-
|粵
|粵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶
|A specialization of 雩 (OC *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla) by modification of 雨 (Chi, 2010). \ Shuowen interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宷 + 亏. \ Related to 越 (OC *ɢʷad, “Yue; Viet”). See there for more. ‖ Related to the particles 曰 (OC *ɢʷad) and 越 (OC *ɢʷad). Smith (2012) proposes this to be derived from the prepositional phrase *于之 (OC *ɢʷa tjɯ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : hjwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwot
|(historical) Yue people; Baiyue people • Guangdong • Guangdong and Guangxi • Short for 粵語／粤语 (yuèyǔ, “Cantonese”). • (informal, punning) Alternative form of 越 (“more”), usually in reference to the Cantonese language. ‖ A particle. · Used in the beginning of a clause to express a prudent tone. • A particle. · Used in the middle of a clause. ‖ generous; favourable
|(historical) Yue people; Baiyue people • Guangdong • Guangdong and Guangxi • Short for 粵語／粤语 (yuèyǔ, “Cantonese”). • (informal, punning) Alternative form of 越 (“more”), usually in reference to the Cantonese language. ‖ A particle. · Used in the beginning of a clause to express a prudent tone. • A particle. · Used in the middle of a clause. ‖ generous; favourable
|
|
Line 10,230: Line 12,419:
|粵 (eumhun 말이 내킬 월 (mari naekil wol))
|粵 (eumhun 말이 내킬 월 (mari naekil wol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : việt
|
|
|粵
|粵
|-
|粹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suì • Middle-Chinese : swijH
|pure; unadulterated • essence
|
|
|粹 • (su) · 粹 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|粹
|-
|-
|粽
|粽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːŋs) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). \ First attested in Fengsu Tongyi (195). Bencao Gangmu claimed it was derived from 棕 (zōng, “palm tree”) due to similar shapes of zongzi and palm tree leaves.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng • Middle-Chinese : tsuwngH
|zongzi (dumpling made of glutinous rice, wrapped in leaves) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
|zongzi (dumpling made of glutinous rice, wrapped in leaves) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
| ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (chimaki) ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (Chimaki)
| ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (chimaki) ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (Chimaki)
Line 10,240: Line 12,443:
|粽 • (jong) · 粽 • (jong) (hangeul 종, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|粽 • (jong) · 粽 • (jong) (hangeul 종, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tông • Hán-Nôm : tống
|
|
|粽
|粽
|-
|-
|糜
|糜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bêr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mje ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bêr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai • Middle-Chinese : mje ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴
|mushy; rotten • to waste; to spend extravagantly • to damage • a surname ‖ (literary or Hakka, Southern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Shehua) congee • (Fuzhou Eastern Eastern Min) thick congee (with less water than 粥) • (Hainanese) cooked rice (general term, including congee) • (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) meal • congee-like substance; viscous substance; paste ‖ proso millet (especially non-sticky varieties) • type of millet that is not sticky See also: 穄子
|mushy; rotten • to waste; to spend extravagantly • to damage • a surname ‖ (literary or Hakka, Southern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Shehua) congee • (Fuzhou Eastern Eastern Min) thick congee (with less water than 粥) • (Hainanese) cooked rice (general term, including congee) • (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) meal • congee-like substance; viscous substance; paste ‖ proso millet (especially non-sticky varieties) • type of millet that is not sticky See also: 穄子
|
|
Line 10,250: Line 12,455:
|糜 • (mi) · 糜 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|糜 • (mi) · 糜 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mi
|
|
|糜
|糜
|-
|-
|糞
|糞
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn
|Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu). \ Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾. \ The current glyph is from the small seal script. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn • Middle-Chinese : pjunH
|excrement; faeces; dung • manure • (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away
|excrement; faeces; dung • manure • (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away
| ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso-) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (-kuso) ‖ 糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) ‖ 糞(ばば) • (baba)
| ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso-) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (-kuso) ‖ 糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) ‖ 糞(ばば) • (baba)
| ‖ (colloquial) feces, excrement • (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash ‖ (often vulgar) shit, crap ‖ (derogatory) pejorative prefix ‖ crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix. ‖ droppings, dung ‖ (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie • (childish) something unclean
| ‖ (colloquial) feces, excrement • (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash ‖ (often vulgar) shit, crap ‖ (derogatory) pejorative prefix ‖ crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix. ‖ droppings, dung ‖ (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie • (childish) something unclean
|糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))
|糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))
|Hanja form of 분 (“dung”).
|hanja form of 분 (“dung”)
|Hán-Nôm : phẩn • Hán-Nôm : phân
|
|
|糞
|糞
|-
|-
|糢
|糢
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴
|Alternative form of 饃／馍 (mó)
|Alternative form of 饃／馍 (mó)
Line 10,269: Line 12,478:
|
|
|糢 • (mo) · 糢 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|糢 • (mo) · 糢 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,274: Line 12,484:
|-
|-
|糸
|糸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶
|Pictogram (象形) : a skein of silk.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mek
|thin silk • A length unit, equal to the width of five parallel threads of silk.
|thin silk • A length unit, equal to the width of five parallel threads of silk.
| ‖ 糸(いと) • (ito)
| ‖ 糸(いと) • (ito)
| ‖ thread
| ‖ thread
|糸 (eumhun 가는 실 멱 (ganeun sil myeok))
|糸 (eumhun 가는 실 멱 (ganeun sil myeok))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,284: Line 12,496:
|-
|-
|紂
|紂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duʔ) : semantic 糹 + abbreviated phonetic 肘 (OC *tkuʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwX
|King Zhou of the Shang dynasty • (archaic) crupper (part of a saddle or carriage attachment)
|King Zhou of the Shang dynasty • (archaic) crupper (part of a saddle or carriage attachment)
|
|
|
|
|紂 (eum 주 (ju))
|紂 (eum 주 (ju))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,294: Line 12,508:
|-
|-
|紇
|紇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hot • Middle-Chinese : het
|
|
|
|
Line 10,300: Line 12,515:
|紇 (eum 흘 (heul))
|紇 (eum 흘 (heul))
|to bind, tie • inferior silk
|to bind, tie • inferior silk
|
|
|
|紇
|紇
|-
|-
|紉
|紉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lín
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lín • Middle-Chinese : nrin
|to string; to thread (needles) • to sew; to stitch • (literary) to esteem highly
|to string; to thread (needles) • to sew; to stitch • (literary) to esteem highly
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,314: Line 12,532:
|-
|-
|紐
|紐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ).
|"button (Classifier: 粒 c) • handle; knob • pivot; hub • a surname • transliteration for ""New"" in place names; e.g. 紐約／纽约 (Niǔyuē), 紐西蘭／纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán)."
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niú • Middle-Chinese : nrjuwX
|button (Classifier: 粒 c) • handle; knob • pivot; hub • a surname • transliteration for "New" in place names; e.g. 紐約／纽约 (Niǔyuē), 紐西蘭／纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán).
|
|
|
|
|紐 • (nyu>yu) · 紐 • (nyu>yu) (hangeul 뉴>유, revised nyu>yu, McCune–Reischauer nyu>yu, Yale nyu>yu)
|紐 • (nyu>yu) · 紐 • (nyu>yu) (hangeul 뉴>유, revised nyu>yu, McCune–Reischauer nyu>yu, Yale nyu>yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,324: Line 12,544:
|-
|-
|紕
|紕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai¹ • Middle-Chinese : phjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjie
| ‖  
| ‖  
|
|
|
|
|紕 • (bi) · 紕 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|紕 • (bi) · 紕 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,334: Line 12,556:
|-
|-
|紗
|紗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : se • Hokkien · Tai-lo : see • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : se • Hokkien · Tai-lo : see • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua • Middle-Chinese : srae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ
|yarn • gauze; sheer • muslin (a lightweight cotton cloth in a plain weave; or thin fabric made of silk or linen) ‖ Alternative form of 眇 (miǎo, “small; tiny; minute”)
|yarn • gauze; sheer • muslin (a lightweight cotton cloth in a plain weave; or thin fabric made of silk or linen) ‖ Alternative form of 眇 (miǎo, “small; tiny; minute”)
| ‖ 紗(うすぎぬ) • (usuginu)
| ‖ 紗(うすぎぬ) • (usuginu)
|silk gauze • gossamer ‖ Alternative spelling of 薄絹 (“sheer silk”)
|silk gauze • gossamer ‖ Alternative spelling of 薄絹 (“sheer silk”)
|紗 • (sa) · 紗 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|紗 • (sa) · 紗 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,344: Line 12,568:
|-
|-
|紜
|紜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢun) : semantic 糸 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjun
|numerous and disorderly
|numerous and disorderly
|
|
|disorder • confusion
|disorder • confusion
|紜 • (un) · 紜 • (un) (hangeul 운)
|紜 • (un) · 紜 • (un) (hangeul 운)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,354: Line 12,580:
|-
|-
|紮
|紮
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːd) : phonetic 札 (OC *sqriːd) + semantic 糸. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːd) : phonetic 札 (OC *sqriːd) + semantic 糸.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat • Middle-Chinese : tsreat ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat
|to tie; to bind • (regional) Classifier for objects put into a bundle: bundle • (Mainland China Hokkien) to raise; to lift up (curtain, clothing, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to guide and support (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to wrap up; to bind up; to pack • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to carry; to bring along (on one's person, originally on one's waist) ‖ (military) to be stationed; to be quartered (of troops) • (Cantonese) to be promoted (in rank or position)
|to tie; to bind • (regional) Classifier for objects put into a bundle: bundle • (Mainland China Hokkien) to raise; to lift up (curtain, clothing, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to guide and support (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to wrap up; to bind up; to pack • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to carry; to bring along (on one's person, originally on one's waist) ‖ (military) to be stationed; to be quartered (of troops) • (Cantonese) to be promoted (in rank or position)
|
|
|
|
|紮 (eum 찰 (chal))
|紮 (eum 찰 (chal))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,364: Line 12,592:
|-
|-
|紼
|紼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Middle-Chinese : pjut
|large rope (for pulling a coffin) • Alternative form of 紱／绂 (fú)
|large rope (for pulling a coffin) • Alternative form of 紱／绂 (fú)
|
|
Line 10,370: Line 12,599:
|紼 (eum 불 (bul))
|紼 (eum 불 (bul))
|동아줄 (dong'ajul, “rope”)
|동아줄 (dong'ajul, “rope”)
|
|
|
|紼
|紼
|-
|-
|絀
|絀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Middle-Chinese : trwit
|insufficient • deep red • sew; stitch • Alternative form of 黜 (chù, “to dismiss”)
|insufficient • deep red • sew; stitch • Alternative form of 黜 (chù, “to dismiss”)
|
|
Line 10,380: Line 12,611:
|絀 • (chul) · 絀 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul)
|絀 • (chul) · 絀 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul)
|decline, refuse • sew
|decline, refuse • sew
|
|
|
|絀
|絀
|-
|-
|絆
|絆
|Cantonese · Jyutping : bun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puǎnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puānn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːns) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : bun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puǎnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puānn • Middle-Chinese : panH
|fetter; shackle • to fetter; to shackle • to trip; to stumble • to hinder; to restrain • (figuratively) trap • (Eastern Min) to be annoying
|fetter; shackle • to fetter; to shackle • to trip; to stumble • to hinder; to restrain • (figuratively) trap • (Eastern Min) to be annoying
| ‖ 絆(きずな) or 絆(キズナ) • (kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(きずな) • (Kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(ほだし) • (hodashi) ‖ 絆(ふもだし) • (fumodashi)
| ‖ 絆(きずな) or 絆(キズナ) • (kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(きずな) • (Kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(ほだし) • (hodashi) ‖ 絆(ふもだし) • (fumodashi)
|ties, bonds • fetters ‖ a bond (emotional link or connection), tie • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter ‖ a female given name ‖ what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; an obstacle to freedom • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away • fetters, shackles ‖ a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter
|ties, bonds • fetters ‖ a bond (emotional link or connection), tie • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter ‖ a female given name ‖ what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; an obstacle to freedom • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away • fetters, shackles ‖ a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter
|絆 (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban))
|絆 (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban))
|Hanja form of 반 (“bond”).
|hanja form of 반 (“bond”)
|
|
|
|絆
|絆
|-
|-
|絢
|絢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiàn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiàn • Middle-Chinese : xwenH
|brilliant; gorgeous; effulgent • to shine • to embellish; to adorn • to dazzle
|brilliant; gorgeous; effulgent • to shine • to embellish; to adorn • to dazzle
|
|
|
|
|絢 • (hyeon) · 絢 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, revised hyeon, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen)
|絢 • (hyeon) · 絢 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, revised hyeon, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,404: Line 12,640:
|-
|-
|絨
|絨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiông
|; “ronto-”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiông • Middle-Chinese : nyuwng
|silk, cotton, or woolen fabric • velvet • (Taiwan) ronto- (SI unit prefix)
|silk, cotton, or woolen fabric • velvet • (Taiwan) ronto- (SI unit prefix)
|
|
|wool cloth
|wool cloth
|絨 • (yung) · 絨 • (yung) (hangeul 융, revised yung, McCune–Reischauer yung, Yale yung)
|絨 • (yung) · 絨 • (yung) (hangeul 융, revised yung, McCune–Reischauer yung, Yale yung)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,414: Line 12,652:
|-
|-
|綁
|綁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páng
|to bind; to tie; to fasten
|to bind; to tie; to fasten
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,424: Line 12,664:
|-
|-
|綏
|綏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sui
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *snul) : semantic 糹 (“silk”) + phonetic 妥 (OC *n̥ʰoːlʔ, “to comfort”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sui • Middle-Chinese : swij
|(literary) cord held when mounting a carriage • (literary) to pacify; to placate • (historical) Short for 綏遠／绥远 (Suíyuǎn, “Suiyuan province”).
|(literary) cord held when mounting a carriage • (literary) to pacify; to placate • (historical) Short for 綏遠／绥远 (Suíyuǎn, “Suiyuan province”).
|
|
Line 10,430: Line 12,671:
|綏 • (yu, su) · 綏 • (yu, su) (hangeul 유, 수, revised yu, su, McCune–Reischauer yu, su, Yale yu, swu)
|綏 • (yu, su) · 綏 • (yu, su) (hangeul 유, 수, revised yu, su, McCune–Reischauer yu, su, Yale yu, swu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuy • Hán-Nôm : nối
|
|
|綏
|綏
|-
|-
|綑
|綑
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːnʔ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 困 (OC *kʰuːns).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,444: Line 12,688:
|-
|-
|綜
|綜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsowngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : tsowngH
|to put together; to assemble; to gather • to synthesize; to sum up • to manage; to administer • to be proficient in • Classifier for threads or hairs: strand • to become crumpled; to crease ‖ heddle (on a loom)
|to put together; to assemble; to gather • to synthesize; to sum up • to manage; to administer • to be proficient in • Classifier for threads or hairs: strand • to become crumpled; to crease ‖ heddle (on a loom)
|
|
Line 10,450: Line 12,695:
|綜 • (jong) · 綜 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|綜 • (jong) · 綜 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tổng • Hán-Nôm : tống
|
|
|綜
|綜
|-
|-
|綞
|綞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do² • Middle-Chinese : twaX
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,464: Line 12,712:
|-
|-
|綢
|綢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰuːw, *dɯw) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 周 (OC *tjɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : thaw • Middle-Chinese : drjuw
|silk cloth; satin damask • to bind; to wind around; to wrap around
|silk cloth; satin damask • to bind; to wind around; to wrap around
|
|
Line 10,470: Line 12,719:
|綢 • (ju, jo, do) · 綢 • (ju, jo, do) (hangeul 주, 조, 도)
|綢 • (ju, jo, do) · 綢 • (ju, jo, do) (hangeul 주, 조, 도)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trù • Hán-Nôm : điều
|
|
|綢
|綢
|-
|-
|綰
|綰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : 'waenX • Middle-Chinese : 'waenH
|to tie; to knot; to bind together, to coil up • ^† to control
|to tie; to knot; to bind together, to coil up • ^† to control
|
|
Line 10,480: Line 12,731:
|綰 • (gwan) · 綰 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|綰 • (gwan) · 綰 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : oản • Hán-Nôm : quán
|
|
|綰
|綰
|-
|-
|綴
|綴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod) ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : trjwet
|to stitch up • to connect; to join • to decorate ‖ (Southern Min) to follow • (Southern Min) to imitate ‖ Alternative form of 輟／辍 (“to stop”)
|to stitch up • to connect; to join • to decorate ‖ (Southern Min) to follow • (Southern Min) to imitate ‖ Alternative form of 輟／辍 (“to stop”)
|
|
|to spell • compose • bind (books) • write
|to spell • compose • bind (books) • write
|綴 (eumhun 엮을 철 (yeokkeul cheol))
|綴 (eumhun 엮을 철 (yeokkeul cheol))
|Hanja form of 철 (“to connect; to join”). • Hanja form of 철 (“to spell”).
|hanja form of 철 (“to connect; to join”) • hanja form of 철 (“to spell”)
|Hán-Nôm : chuỗi • Hán-Nôm : chuế • Hán-Nôm : xuyết
|
|
|綴
|綴
|-
|-
|綵
|綵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coi²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰɯːʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coi² • Middle-Chinese : tshojX
|varicolored silk • variegated color or decorative pattern • Alternative form of 彩 (cǎi)
|varicolored silk • variegated color or decorative pattern • Alternative form of 彩 (cǎi)
|
|
Line 10,500: Line 12,755:
|綵 • (chae) · 綵 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)
|綵 • (chae) · 綵 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)
|
|
|romanization : thải • romanization : giẻ • romanization : thái
|
|
|綵
|綵
|-
|-
|綸
|綸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːn, *ɡ·run) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːn, *ɡ·run) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lwin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwean
|cyan ribbon • fishing line • thick rope • emperor's order • silk thread • to govern • wide • a place in Henan • Alternative term for 倫／伦 (lún). • a surname ‖ a kind of marine plant • see 綸巾／纶巾 (guānjīn)
|cyan ribbon • fishing line • thick rope • emperor's order • silk thread • to govern • wide • a place in Henan • Alternative term for 倫／伦 (lún). • a surname ‖ a kind of marine plant • see 綸巾／纶巾 (guānjīn)
|
|
|twine • fishing line
|twine • fishing line
|綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) · 綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) (hangeul 륜>윤, 관, revised ryun>yun, gwan, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, kwan, Yale lyun>yun, kwan)
|綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) · 綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) (hangeul 륜>윤, 관, revised ryun>yun, gwan, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, kwan, Yale lyun>yun, kwan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,514: Line 12,772:
|-
|-
|綺
|綺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰralʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Middle-Chinese : khjeX
|woven silk • beautiful, gorgeous
|woven silk • beautiful, gorgeous
|
|
Line 10,520: Line 12,779:
|綺 • (gi) · 綺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|綺 • (gi) · 綺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khỉ • Hán-Nôm : ỷ • Hán-Nôm : khởi
|
|
|綺
|綺
|-
|-
|綽
|綽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tsyhak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ
|(literary) ample; spacious ‖ to grab
|(literary) ample; spacious ‖ to grab
|
|
Line 10,530: Line 12,791:
|綽 • (jak) · 綽 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)
|綽 • (jak) · 綽 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xước
|
|
|綽
|綽
|-
|-
|綾
|綾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯŋ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 夌 (OC *rɯŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : ling
|a thin type of silk fabric resembling satin; damask
|a thin type of silk fabric resembling satin; damask
|
|
Line 10,540: Line 12,803:
|綾 • (reung>neung) · 綾 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|綾 • (reung>neung) · 綾 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trăng
|
|
|綾
|綾
|-
|-
|緇
|緇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|緇 (OC *tsrə) "black < color of burnt soil?", possibly same word as 菑 (OC *tsrə) "field cleared by slash and burn" (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsri
|(literary) to blacken • (literary) black
|(literary) to blacken • (literary) black
|
|
|
|
|緇 • (chi) · 緇 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|緇 • (chi) · 緇 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|
|
|
|緇
|緇
|-
|-
|緖
|緘
|
|
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Middle-Chinese : keam
|Kyūjitai form of 緒 (cord, thread)
|緖 • (seo) · 緖 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|
|
|緖
|-
|緘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹
|seal
|seal
| ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan) ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan)
| ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan) ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan)
Line 10,570: Line 12,827:
|緘 • (ham) · 緘 • (ham) (hangeul 함)
|緘 • (ham) · 緘 • (ham) (hangeul 함)
|seal, close • bind • letter
|seal, close • bind • letter
|
|
|
|緘
|緘
|-
|-
|緝
|緝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰib) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰib) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Middle-Chinese : tship ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ
|to seize; to arrest; to chase after; to pursue (someone) • to weave hempen thread • to hem clothing ‖ to sew in close stitches
|to seize; to arrest; to chase after; to pursue (someone) • to weave hempen thread • to hem clothing ‖ to sew in close stitches
|
|
Line 10,580: Line 12,839:
|緝 • (jip, jeup) · 緝 • (jip, jeup) (hangeul 집, 즙, revised jip, jeup, McCune–Reischauer chip, chŭp, Yale cip, cup)
|緝 • (jip, jeup) · 緝 • (jip, jeup) (hangeul 집, 즙, revised jip, jeup, McCune–Reischauer chip, chŭp, Yale cip, cup)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tập
|
|
|緝
|緝
|-
|-
|緞
|緞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān • Middle-Chinese : dwanX
|satin
|satin
|
|
Line 10,590: Line 12,851:
|緞 • (dan, ha) · 緞 • (dan, ha) (hangeul 단, 하, revised dan, ha, McCune–Reischauer tan, ha, Yale tan, ha)
|緞 • (dan, ha) · 緞 • (dan, ha) (hangeul 단, 하, revised dan, ha, McCune–Reischauer tan, ha, Yale tan, ha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đoạn
|
|
|緞
|緞
|-
|-
|緬
|緬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *menʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 面 (OC *mens).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biān • Middle-Chinese : mjienX
|distant, remote • Short for 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn, “Myanmar, Burma”).
|distant, remote • Short for 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn, “Myanmar, Burma”).
|
|
Line 10,600: Line 12,863:
|緬 • (myeon) · 緬 • (myeon) (hangeul 면)
|緬 • (myeon) · 緬 • (myeon) (hangeul 면)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : miễn • Hán-Nôm : mén • Hán-Nôm : diến • Hán-Nôm : miến • Hán-Nôm : rịn
|
|
|緬
|緬
|-
|-
|縈
|縈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'jwieng
|(literary) to entangle; to wind around
|(literary) to entangle; to wind around
|
|
Line 10,610: Line 12,875:
|縈 • (yeong) · 縈 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|縈 • (yeong) · 縈 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|entangle • entwine, coil
|entangle • entwine, coil
|
|
|
|縈
|縈
|-
|-
|縑
|縑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim¹ • Middle-Chinese : kem
|
|
|
|
|
|
|縑 • (gyeom) · 縑 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|縑 • (gyeom) · 縑 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,624: Line 12,892:
|-
|-
|縲
|縲
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî
|
|
Line 10,629: Line 12,898:
|
|
|縲 • (ryu>yu) · 縲 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
|縲 • (ryu>yu) · 縲 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,634: Line 12,904:
|-
|-
|縷
|縷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Middle-Chinese : ljuX
|thread • detailed, precise • Classifier for wisps, threads, or strands.
|thread • detailed, precise • Classifier for wisps, threads, or strands.
|
|
Line 10,640: Line 12,911:
|縷 • (ru>nu) · 縷 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|縷 • (ru>nu) · 縷 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lũ • Hán-Nôm : lụa • Hán-Nôm : lú • Hán-Nôm : lẫu
|silk thread (see lụa) • silky (see lụa)
|silk thread (see lụa) • silky (see lụa)
|縷
|縷
|-
|-
|繃
|繃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : penn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ping ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹
| ‖  ‖  ‖ Some compounds are attested at least since Ming dynasty. May be related to 綁／绑 (bǎng) (in 緊綁綁／紧绑绑) used in Yuan era plays. \ Mandarin dialects generally use reduplicated 邦 (bāng) instead (e.g. in 硬邦邦 (yìngbāngbāng)), also spelled 梆 (bāng) or 幫／帮 (bāng). See also Hokkien 迸 (piàng) (in 硬迸迸 (ngē-piàng-piàng), 緊迸迸／紧迸迸 (kín-piàng-piàng), etc.). \ ;very; terribly
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : penn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ping • Middle-Chinese : peang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹
|to stretch; to draw firmly; to strap • to brace; to taut • (of an object) to spring up; to bounce • (literary, or in compounds, crafts) embroidery frame • (literary, or in compounds) bed frame • sling, piece of cloth used to carry a baby on one's back • (dialectal) to swindle; to cheat • (Internet slang) Short for 繃不住／绷不住 (bēngbùzhù, “to burst out laughing”). ‖ to strain one's muscles • to pull one's face • (Cantonese) to stretch, to set up (a mosquito net, a banner, etc) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 掹 (“to pull”) ‖ (chiefly Beijing and Southwestern Mandarin, Jin) to split open; to crack; alternative form of 迸 (bèng) ‖ (chiefly Wu, Cantonese, dialectal Mandarin, in reduplication) intensifier used in ideophones • (Wu, Xiang, dialectal Mandarin) very; terribly
|to stretch; to draw firmly; to strap • to brace; to taut • (of an object) to spring up; to bounce • (literary, or in compounds, crafts) embroidery frame • (literary, or in compounds) bed frame • sling, piece of cloth used to carry a baby on one's back • (dialectal) to swindle; to cheat • (Internet slang) Short for 繃不住／绷不住 (bēngbùzhù, “to burst out laughing”). ‖ to strain one's muscles • to pull one's face • (Cantonese) to stretch, to set up (a mosquito net, a banner, etc) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 掹 (“to pull”) ‖ (chiefly Beijing and Southwestern Mandarin, Jin) to split open; to crack; alternative form of 迸 (bèng) ‖ (chiefly Wu, Cantonese, dialectal Mandarin, in reduplication) intensifier used in ideophones • (Wu, Xiang, dialectal Mandarin) very; terribly
|
|
Line 10,650: Line 12,923:
|繃 • (bung) · 繃 • (bung) (hangeul 붕, revised bung, McCune–Reischauer pung, Yale pung)
|繃 • (bung) · 繃 • (bung) (hangeul 붕, revised bung, McCune–Reischauer pung, Yale pung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : banh • Hán-Nôm : băng • Hán-Nôm : bắng
|
|
|繃
|繃
|-
|-
|繅
|繅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsawX
|to reel silk from the cocoon ‖ Alternative form of 璪 (zǎo, “silk pendant strung with jade and hung from a crown as an ornament”)
|to reel silk from the cocoon ‖ Alternative form of 璪 (zǎo, “silk pendant strung with jade and hung from a crown as an ornament”)
|
|
Line 10,660: Line 12,935:
|繅 • (so) · 繅 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|繅 • (so) · 繅 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|draw • reel silk from cocoons • elegant compositions
|draw • reel silk from cocoons • elegant compositions
|
|
|
|繅
|繅
|-
|-
|繆
|繆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : mjuw • Middle-Chinese : mjiw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjiwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ
|ten bundles of hemp • a type of silk • Used in 綢繆／绸缪 (chóumóu). ‖ to deceive; to feign • (obsolete) different • (alt. form 謬／谬) error; mistake • (alt. form 謬／谬) erroneous; mistaken ‖ a surname ‖ to interlock • thin • Alternative form of 糾／纠 • Alternative form of 摎 ‖ Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “reverent; solemn”) • Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “right side position of ancestral tablets in ancestral shrines”) ‖ Alternative form of 繚／缭 (liáo, “to wind around; to entwine”) ‖ Only used in 繆繆／缪缪. ‖ Only used in 蜩繆／蜩缪. ‖ (alt. form 戮, 勠) to join forces
|ten bundles of hemp • a type of silk • Used in 綢繆／绸缪 (chóumóu). ‖ to deceive; to feign • (obsolete) different • (alt. form 謬／谬) error; mistake • (alt. form 謬／谬) erroneous; mistaken ‖ a surname ‖ to interlock • thin • Alternative form of 糾／纠 • Alternative form of 摎 ‖ Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “reverent; solemn”) • Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “right side position of ancestral tablets in ancestral shrines”) ‖ Alternative form of 繚／缭 (liáo, “to wind around; to entwine”) ‖ Only used in 繆繆／缪缪. ‖ Only used in 蜩繆／蜩缪. ‖ (alt. form 戮, 勠) to join forces
|
|
|error • wrap around
|error • wrap around
|繆 • (mu, yu) · 繆 • (mu, yu) (hangeul 무, 유, revised mu, yu, McCune–Reischauer mu, yu, Yale mu, yu)
|繆 • (mu, yu) · 繆 • (mu, yu) (hangeul 무, 유, revised mu, yu, McCune–Reischauer mu, yu, Yale mu, yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,674: Line 12,952:
|-
|-
|繚
|繚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu • Middle-Chinese : lew • Middle-Chinese : lewX • Middle-Chinese : ljewX
|to entwine; to wind around • to sew with slanting stitches
|to entwine; to wind around • to sew with slanting stitches
|
|
Line 10,680: Line 12,959:
|繚 • (ryo>yo) · 繚 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|繚 • (ryo>yo) · 繚 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lèo
|
|
|繚
|繚
|-
|-
|繞
|繞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Middle-Chinese : nyewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Middle-Chinese : nyewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : nyewX
|to entwine; to wind around; to coil • to confuse ‖ to surround; to encircle • to bypass; to make a detour; to go around ‖ curved; winding • a surname: Rao
|to entwine; to wind around; to coil • to confuse ‖ to surround; to encircle • to bypass; to make a detour; to go around ‖ curved; winding • a surname: Rao
| ‖ 繞(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?)
| ‖ 繞(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?)
|surround • return ‖ Chinese character radical that covers the left and bottom of a Chinese character
|surround • return ‖ Chinese character radical that covers the left and bottom of a Chinese character
|繞 • (yo) · 繞 • (yo) (hangeul 요)
|繞 • (yo) · 繞 • (yo) (hangeul 요)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,694: Line 12,976:
|-
|-
|繡
|繡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù
|Earliest seen in Warring States Period texts. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯwɢs) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù • Middle-Chinese : sjuwH
|to embroider • with rich and bright colors • gorgeous • embroidered clothing
|to embroider • with rich and bright colors • gorgeous • embroidered clothing
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
|繡 (eumhun 수놓을 수 (suno'eul su))
|繡 (eumhun 수놓을 수 (suno'eul su))
|Hanja form of 수 (“embroider”). • Hanja form of 수 (“gorgeous”).
|hanja form of 수 (“embroider”) • hanja form of 수 (“gorgeous”)
|Hán-Nôm : tú
|
|
|繡
|繡
|-
|繩
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦbljɯŋ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 黽 (OC *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *mreːŋʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bliŋ (“string; thread; cord”); compare Japhug tɯmbri (“rope”), Burmese အမျှင် (a.hmyang, “string”), Tangut 𘘫 (*bji², “rope”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Jacques, 2014; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîng • Middle-Chinese : zying ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˋ
|string; rope (Classifier: 條／条 m c) • (literary) to restrict; to restrain • a surname ‖ Only used in 繩繩／绳绳. ‖
|
|rope, line
|繩 (eumhun 노끈 승 (nokkeun seung))
|hanja form of 승 (“rope; string; cord”) • hanja form of 승 (“measure; restrain”)
|Hán-Nôm : thằng • Hán-Nôm : thừng • Hán-Nôm : xằng
|
|繩
|-
|繪
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːbs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːbs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Middle-Chinese : hwajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ
|(literary, or in compounds) to draw; to sketch; to paint • (literary, or in compounds) to describe; to portray; to depict • (literary) embroidery with five colors ‖ ^‡ to tie one's hair with various colors
|
|picture, drawing, sketch, image.
|繪 (eumhun 그림 회 (geurim hoe))
|hanja form of 회 (“picture; drawing; sketch; image; painting”) [affix]
|Hán-Nôm : hội • Hán-Nôm : gói • Hán-Nôm : cởi
|
|繪
|-
|-
|繹
|繹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː). \ Same word as 驛 (OC *laːɡ, “posthorse; relay station”), 譯 (OC *laːɡ, “to translate”), 懌 (OC *laːɡ, “relaxed; pleased”), 斁 (OC *laːɡ, “to be tired of”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also related to 釋 (OC *hljaɡ, “to set free; to explain”), 赦 (OC *hljaɡs, “to let go; to pardon”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek
|to unravel; to draw out • to interpret; to explain • to continue
|to unravel; to draw out • to interpret; to explain • to continue
|
|
Line 10,710: Line 13,019:
|繹 (eum 역 (yeok))
|繹 (eum 역 (yeok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gịt • Hán-Nôm : dịch • Hán-Nôm : dịt
|
|
|繹
|繹
|-
|-
|繽
|繽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰin) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phin • Middle-Chinese : phjin
|Used in 繽紛／缤纷 (bīnfēn).
|Used in 繽紛／缤纷 (bīnfēn).
|
|
|
|
|繽 • (bin) · 繽 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|繽 • (bin) · 繽 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,724: Line 13,036:
|-
|-
|纂
|纂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tswanX
|to edit; to compile • topknot; chignon • Alternative form of 纘／缵 (zuǎn, “to inherit; to continue”)
|to edit; to compile • topknot; chignon • Alternative form of 纘／缵 (zuǎn, “to inherit; to continue”)
|
|
Line 10,730: Line 13,043:
|纂 • (chan) · 纂 • (chan) (hangeul 찬, revised chan, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, Yale chan)
|纂 • (chan) · 纂 • (chan) (hangeul 찬, revised chan, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, Yale chan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : toản
|
|
|纂
|纂
|-
|-
|纏
|纏
|Cantonese · Jyutping : cin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dan, *dans) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 廛 (OC *dan). \ Cognate with Tibetan སྟར (star, “to tie fast”) (Schuessler, 2007, Hill, 2019).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : cin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiân • Middle-Chinese : drjen • Middle-Chinese : drjenH
|to wind; to tie; to bind • to pester; to harass • (dialectal) to deal with
|to wind; to tie; to bind • to pester; to harass • (dialectal) to deal with
|
|
Line 10,740: Line 13,055:
|纏 • (jeon) · 纏 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|纏 • (jeon) · 纏 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : triền • Hán-Nôm : dờn
|
|
|纏
|纏
|-
|-
|纓
|纓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iann
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeŋ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iann • Middle-Chinese : 'jieng
|tassel • tassel-like object • ribbon • rope • to twine • to suffer from
|tassel • tassel-like object • ribbon • rope • to twine • to suffer from
|
|
Line 10,750: Line 13,067:
|纓 • (yeong) · 纓 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|纓 • (yeong) · 纓 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : anh
|
|
|纓
|纓
|-
|纖
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sem) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sem) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Middle-Chinese : sjem ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ
|finely-woven silk • fine; delicate • minute • graceful; slender • stingy; frugal • fiber • (Buddhism) the number 10⁻⁷ ‖ ^† to stab; to prick • ^† sharp; pointed • ^† Alternative form of 籤／签 (qiān, “bamboo slips”)
|
|
|纖 • (seom) · 纖 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
|
|romanization : tiêm • romanization : tươm • romanization : thin • romanization : thên
|
|纖
|-
|-
|纜
|纜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːms) : semantic 糹 (“silk”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lomX • Middle-Chinese : lamH
|(literary) hawser; heavy rope for mooring boats • cable; thick rope with many strands (Classifier: 條／条 c) • to moor; to tie; to fasten • (Cantonese) to wear something that requires wrapping • (Cantonese) betting slips for illegal bookmaking • (gambling, originally Cantonese) martingale (gambling strategy) (Classifier: 條／条 c)
|(literary) hawser; heavy rope for mooring boats • cable; thick rope with many strands (Classifier: 條／条 c) • to moor; to tie; to fasten • (Cantonese) to wear something that requires wrapping • (Cantonese) betting slips for illegal bookmaking • (gambling, originally Cantonese) martingale (gambling strategy) (Classifier: 條／条 c)
|
|
|
|
|纜 • (ram>nam) · 纜 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|纜 • (ram>nam) · 纜 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,764: Line 13,096:
|-
|-
|缽
|缽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *poːd) : semantic 缶 (“pot”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ). Originally written as 鉢 (OC *poːd) or 盋 (OC *poːd). \ Short for 缽多羅／钵多罗 (bōduōluó), from Sanskrit पात्र (pātra, “(drinking) vessel; bowl; cup; plate; etc.”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat • Middle-Chinese : pat
|(Buddhism) monk's alms bowl • bowl; basin; pot (often made of earthenware or metal)
|(Buddhism) monk's alms bowl • bowl; basin; pot (often made of earthenware or metal)
|
|
Line 10,770: Line 13,103:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bát
|bowl
|bowl
|缽
|缽
|-
|-
|罄
|罄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːŋs) : phonetic 殸 (OC *kʰreːŋ, *kʰeːŋs) + semantic 缶 (“pottery”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng • Middle-Chinese : khengH
|empty • exhaust, run out, use up
|empty • exhaust, run out, use up
|
|
|exhaust • run out • use up • empty
|exhaust • run out • use up • empty
|罄 • (gyeong) · 罄 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|罄 • (gyeong) · 罄 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|empty • exhaust • a kind of Korean musical instrument made of stone or jade
|empty • exhaust • a kind of Chinese musical instrument made of stone or jade
|Hán-Nôm : khánh
|
|
|罄
|罄
|-
|-
|罈
|罈
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm
|earthenware jar; jug
|earthenware jar; jug
Line 10,790: Line 13,127:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đàn
|
|
|罈
|罈
|-
|-
|罟
|罟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : kuX
|net (especially for catching fish or birds) • to catch (with a net)
|net (especially for catching fish or birds) • to catch (with a net)
|
|
|
|
|罟 • (go) · 罟 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|罟 • (go) · 罟 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,804: Line 13,144:
|-
|-
|罹
|罹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 网 (“net”) + 忄 (“heart”) + 隹 (“bird”). \ The senses represented by this character were often written with the character 離 (OC *rel) in ancient times.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lje
|to experience; to suffer; to be hit with • to suffer (from a disease) • suffering; misery
|to experience; to suffer; to be hit with • to suffer (from a disease) • suffering; misery
|
|
|
|
|罹 (eumhun 걸릴 리 (geollil ri), South Korea 걸릴 이 (geollil i))
|罹 (eumhun 걸릴 리 (geollil ri), word-initial (South Korea) 걸릴 이 (geollil i))
|Hanja form of 리/이 (“to experience; to suffer; to be hit with”).
|hanja form of 리/이 (“to experience; to suffer; to be hit with”)
|
|
|
|罹
|罹
|-
|-
|羈
|羈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua • Middle-Chinese : kje
|bridle; halter • to restrain; to hold; to control • to stay; to remain; to lodge
|bridle; halter • to restrain; to hold; to control • to stay; to remain; to lodge
|
|
Line 10,820: Line 13,163:
|羈 • (gi) · 羈 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|羈 • (gi) · 羈 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kí
|
|
|羈
|羈
|-
|-
|羌
|羌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong
|Unclear. \ Pulleyblank (1983) suggests a derivation from 羊 (OC *laŋ). \ Schuessler (2007) prefers to relate it to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-klawŋ (“to guard; to herd; to tend (cattle); to graze; to be at leisure”), whence Tibetan སྐྱོང (skyong, “to guard; to nurture; to keep; to care for”), Asho Chin klóng (“to herd; to graze”), Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:, “to feed; to tend (cattle)”); then 羌 means "herders". Compare 養 (OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs, “to raise; to nourish”). \ Beckwith (2009) proposes a possible Indo-European origin; compare Tocharian B klank- (“to ride; to go by chariot”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Middle-Chinese : khjang
|(～族, ～人) Qiang people • Name of a historical tribe in ancient China. • muntjac (species of deer) • (obsolete) Meaningless sentence-initial particle, often used in the Chuci. • a surname
|(～族, ～人) Qiang people • Name of a historical tribe in ancient China. • muntjac (species of deer) • (obsolete) Meaningless sentence-initial particle, often used in the Chuci. • a surname
|
|
Line 10,830: Line 13,175:
|羌 • (gang) · 羌 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|羌 • (gang) · 羌 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cưng • Hán-Nôm : gừng • Hán-Nôm : khương
|
|
|羌
|羌
|-
|-
|羯
|羯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kad) : semantic 羊 (“sheep; goat”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd). \ ; “wether” \ : Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this word to 割 (OC *kaːd, “to cut”). \ ; “Jie people”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiat • Middle-Chinese : kjot
|castrated buck caprid; wether • Jie people (a small, extinct tribe that once lived in North China)
|castrated buck caprid; wether • Jie people (a small, extinct tribe that once lived in North China)
|
|
Line 10,840: Line 13,187:
|羯 • (gal) · 羯 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal)
|羯 • (gal) · 羯 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yết • Hán-Nôm : khiết
|
|
|羯
|羯
|-
|-
|羲
|羲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 兮 + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje
|Used in personal names. • Short for 伏羲 (Fúxī). • Short for 羲和 (xīhé). • ^† breath; vapor; gas • Alternative form of 曦 (xī) • Short for 王羲之 (Wáng Xīzhī). • a surname
|Used in personal names. • Short for 伏羲 (Fúxī). • Short for 羲和 (xīhé). • ^† breath; vapor; gas • Alternative form of 曦 (xī) • Short for 王羲之 (Wáng Xīzhī). • a surname
|
|
|Used in personal names.
|Used in personal names.
|羲 (eum 희 (hui))
|
|Fu Xi (伏羲 氏, 伏犧 氏: king and culture hero in ancient Chinese legend)
|
|Hán-Nôm : hi
|
|
|羲
|羲
|-
|-
|羶
|羶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljan) : semantic 羊 + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : syen
|rank odor (especially of sheep and goat)
|rank odor (especially of sheep and goat)
|
|
|
|
|羶 • (jeon) · 羶 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|羶 • (jeon) · 羶 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,864: Line 13,216:
|-
|-
|羸
|羸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ljwe
|(literary) in a weak or exhausted state
|(literary) in a weak or exhausted state
|
|
|to grow haggard; to get thin • weak; frail
|to grow haggard; to get thin • weak; frail
|羸 (eumhun 파리할 리 (parihal ri), South Korea 파리할 이 (parihal i))
|羸 (eumhun 파리할 리 (parihal ri), word-initial (South Korea) 파리할 이 (parihal i))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,874: Line 13,228:
|-
|-
|羿
|羿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːs) : semantic 羽 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngejH
|(historical) the name of a legendary archer (also called 后羿) • a surname
|(historical) the name of a legendary archer (also called 后羿) • a surname
|
|
Line 10,880: Line 13,235:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghệ
|
|
|羿
|羿
|-
|-
|翎
|翎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) + semantic 羽 (“feather”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng
|long, stiff feather on the wings or tail of a bird; (by extension) bird's feather • wing (of an insect) • arrow feather • (historical) feather on an official's hat (used for decoration and displaying his rank)
|long, stiff feather on the wings or tail of a bird; (by extension) bird's feather • wing (of an insect) • arrow feather • (historical) feather on an official's hat (used for decoration and displaying his rank)
|
|
Line 10,890: Line 13,247:
|翎 • (ryeong>yeong) · 翎 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng)
|翎 • (ryeong>yeong) · 翎 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : linh
|
|
|翎
|翎
|-
|-
|翕
|翕
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰrub) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 羽 (“wings”) ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip • Middle-Chinese : xip ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip
|friendly; compliant • 58th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌿) • (Sichuanese) to crack ‖ to smother; to be suffocated • to take a picture
|friendly; compliant • 58th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌿) • (Sichuanese) to crack ‖ to smother; to be suffocated • to take a picture
|
|
Line 10,900: Line 13,259:
|翕 • (heup) · 翕 • (heup) (hangeul 흡, revised heup, McCune–Reischauer hŭp, Yale hup)
|翕 • (heup) · 翕 • (heup) (hangeul 흡, revised heup, McCune–Reischauer hŭp, Yale hup)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hấp
|
|
|翕
|翕
|-
|-
|翟
|翟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thi̍k
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 羽 (“feather”) + 隹 (“bird”). \ Schuessler (2007) suggests that the name of the long-tailed pheasant is related to 濯 (OC *d-liauk, “clean, brilliant, glossy; to moisten, to wash”) and its exopassive 濯 (OC *d-liaukh, “to wash clothes”) owing to the birds' shiny feathers. See there for further etymology. \ STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-rjak (“pheasant, partridge”). \ Goldin (2011) proposes that 翟 (dí) and 狄 (dí, “northern foreigners”) are related, 狄 (dí) being a "pseudo-ethnonym" meaning "feathered". ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thi̍k • Middle-Chinese : draek
|(archaic) a long-tailed species of pheasant • (historical) pheasant plumes used in dances • (obsolete) things decorated with pheasant plumes • Alternative form of 狄 ‖ a surname
|(archaic) a long-tailed species of pheasant • (historical) pheasant plumes used in dances • (obsolete) things decorated with pheasant plumes • Alternative form of 狄 ‖ a surname
|
|
Line 10,910: Line 13,271:
|翟 • (jeok, chaek) · 翟 • (jeok, chaek) (hangeul 적, 책, revised jeok, chaek, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, ch'aek, Yale cek, chayk)
|翟 • (jeok, chaek) · 翟 • (jeok, chaek) (hangeul 적, 책, revised jeok, chaek, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, ch'aek, Yale cek, chayk)
|pheasant
|pheasant
|Hán-Nôm : địch
|
|
|翟
|翟
|-
|-
|翡
|翡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí • Middle-Chinese : bj+jH
|a kind of red kingfisher • Used in 翡翠 (fěicuì, “kingfisher; jadeite”).
|a kind of red kingfisher • Used in 翡翠 (fěicuì, “kingfisher; jadeite”).
|
|
Line 10,920: Line 13,283:
|翡 • (bi) · 翡 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|翡 • (bi) · 翡 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phỉ
|
|
|翡
|翡
|-
|-
|翱
|翱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kô
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kô • Middle-Chinese : ngaw
|to spread wings and fly
|to spread wings and fly
|
|
|
|
|翱 • (go) · 翱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|翱 • (go) · 翱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,934: Line 13,300:
|-
|-
|翳
|翳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiː, *qiːs) : phonetic 殹 (OC *qiːs) + semantic 羽.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'ej • Middle-Chinese : 'ejH
|(literary) shade; screen • nebula • (literary) to hide; to conceal • (literary) to shade; to screen • (literary) feather cover of vehicle • (Mainland China Hokkien) gloomy clouds
|(literary) shade; screen • nebula • (literary) to hide; to conceal • (literary) to shade; to screen • (literary) feather cover of vehicle • (Mainland China Hokkien) gloomy clouds
| ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei) ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei)
| ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei) ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei)
Line 10,940: Line 13,307:
|翳 (eum 예 (ye))
|翳 (eum 예 (ye))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ế
|
|
|翳
|翳
|-
|-
|翹
|翹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡew, *ɡews) : phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 羽 (“feather”). \ Schuessler (2007) considers this to be probably unrelated to the word family of 喬 (OC *krew, “tall”) and instead proposes cognacy with Proto-Northern Naga *gyaw (“high”). \ Sagart (2021b) connects this to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he (Sagart, 2017b) has also connected to 喬 (OC *krew). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjiew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu • Middle-Chinese : gjiewH
|long tail feathers of a bird; rectrix • bird's tail • animal's tail • to lift; to raise • to expose; to reveal; to uncover; to arouse • (colloquial, of wooden plank, paper, etc.) to become twisted; to be warped from water damage • outstanding; extraordinary • high; dangerous • lush; luxuriant • (historical) a kind of hair jewelry worn by ancient women, shaped like a bird's tail • Alternative form of 篪 (chí, “ancient musical instrument”) ‖ (colloquial) to stick up (one end of an object, such as a tail); to curl up; to turn upwards • (colloquial) to leave in stealth; to play truant; to wag (from school)
|long tail feathers of a bird; rectrix • bird's tail • animal's tail • to lift; to raise • to expose; to reveal; to uncover; to arouse • (colloquial, of wooden plank, paper, etc.) to become twisted; to be warped from water damage • outstanding; extraordinary • high; dangerous • lush; luxuriant • (historical) a kind of hair jewelry worn by ancient women, shaped like a bird's tail • Alternative form of 篪 (chí, “ancient musical instrument”) ‖ (colloquial) to stick up (one end of an object, such as a tail); to curl up; to turn upwards • (colloquial) to leave in stealth; to play truant; to wag (from school)
|
|
Line 10,950: Line 13,319:
|翹 • (gyo) · 翹 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|翹 • (gyo) · 翹 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|canonical : 翹: Hán Việt readings: kiều 翹: Nôm readings: khiêu • canonical : kẻo
|
|
|翹
|翹
|-
|-
|耆
|耆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ
|Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”). ‖ Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”). ‖ Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ
|man of sixty • aged; old; senior • tyrannical • to detest; to abhor ‖ to cause; to result in ‖ Original form of 嗜 (shì, “to be fond of”).
|man of sixty • aged; old; senior • tyrannical • to detest; to abhor ‖ to cause; to result in ‖ Original form of 嗜 (shì, “to be fond of”).
|
|
|senility
|senility
|耆 • (gi, chi) · 耆 • (gi, chi) (hangeul 기, 치, revised gi, chi, McCune–Reischauer ki, ch'i, Yale ki, chi)
|耆 • (gi, chi) · 耆 • (gi, chi) (hangeul 기, 치, revised gi, chi, McCune–Reischauer ki, ch'i, Yale ki, chi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 10,964: Line 13,336:
|-
|-
|耒
|耒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī ‖  
|Pictogram (象形) – a wooden (木) plow with originally three cross lines (彡) for the furrows of the plow, later simplified to two. ‖ Simplified from 來 (从 → 二).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī • Middle-Chinese : lwijX • Middle-Chinese : lwojH ‖  
|handle of plow • plow ‖  
|handle of plow • plow ‖  
|
|
Line 10,970: Line 13,343:
|耒 • (roe>noe) · 耒 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy)
|耒 • (roe>noe) · 耒 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lỗi • Hán-Nôm : lồi • Hán-Nôm : doi • Hán-Nôm : lọi • Hán-Nôm : lội • Hán-Nôm : lòi • Hán-Nôm : rồi • Hán-Nôm : ròi • Hán-Nôm : lẫn • Hán-Nôm : rổi • Hán-Nôm : rỗi • Hán-Nôm : rủi
|
|
|耒
|耒
|-
|-
|耜
|耜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯʔ) : semantic 耒 (“plow”) + phonetic 㠯 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ziX
|(archaic) plowshare
|(archaic) plowshare
|
|
Line 10,980: Line 13,355:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trĩ • Hán-Nôm : tự
|
|
|耜
|耜
|-
|-
|聱
|聱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngaew • Middle-Chinese : ngaw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Middle-Chinese : ngjiw
|not taking others' advice • uneven ‖ mixed; (of sounds) noisy (see the compounds)
|not taking others' advice • uneven ‖ mixed; (of sounds) noisy (see the compounds)
|
|
Line 10,990: Line 13,367:
|聱 • (o) · 聱 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|聱 • (o) · 聱 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|bent and twisted • too complicated
|bent and twisted • too complicated
|
|
|
|聱
|聱
|-
|-
|聳
|聳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 耳.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàng • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX
|deaf • urge on • rise up; raise up • erect • to reward • to scare; to frighten • lofty
|deaf • urge on • rise up; raise up • erect • to reward • to scare; to frighten • lofty
|
|
Line 11,000: Line 13,379:
|聳 (eum 용 (yong))
|聳 (eum 용 (yong))
|urge on • rise up • stir, excite • to raise up • lofty
|urge on • rise up • stir, excite • to raise up • lofty
|
|
|
|聳
|聳
|-
|-
|聶
|聶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap
|Triplication of 耳 (“ear”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap • Middle-Chinese : nrjep
|to whisper (into one's ear) • a surname
|to whisper (into one's ear) • a surname
|
|
Line 11,010: Line 13,391:
|聶 • (seop) · 聶 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep)
|聶 • (seop) · 聶 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhiếp • Hán-Nôm : niếp
|
|
|聶
|聶
|-
|-
|聾
|聾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) : phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) + semantic 耳 (“ear”) – deaf. \ Perhaps related to 聳 (OC *sloŋʔ, “deaf”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng
|deaf
|deaf
|
|
|deafness • deaf
|deafness • deaf
|聾 • (rong>nong) · 聾 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|聾 • (rong>nong) · 聾 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,024: Line 13,408:
|-
|-
|聿
|聿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : u̍t
|Pictogram (象形) or \ ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : hand (又) holding a brush.
|Original form of 筆／笔 (bǐ, “writing brush; pencil”). • sentence-initial or sentence-medial introductory particle: then; and then; thereupon • a surname
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : u̍t • Middle-Chinese : ywit
|Original form of 筆／笔 (bǐ, “writing brush; pencil”). • sentence-initial or sentence-medial introductory particle: then; and then; thereupon • (Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to scribble, scrawl, or daub in a hasty and careless way • a surname
|
|
|writing brush, pencil • thereupon
|writing brush, pencil • thereupon
|聿 (eumhun 붓 율 (but yul))
|聿 (eumhun 붓 율 (but yul))
|Hanja form of 율 (“writing brush, paint brush”).
|hanja form of 율 (“writing brush, paint brush”)
|Hán-Nôm : duật
|
|
|聿
|聿
|-
|-
|肄
|肄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : yijH
|practice; study
|practice; study
|
|
|
|
|肄 • (i) · 肄 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)
|肄 • (i) · 肄 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,044: Line 13,432:
|-
|-
|肓
|肓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹ • Middle-Chinese : xwang
|(traditional Chinese medicine) the part of human body between the heart and the diaphragm, which was thought to be unreachable by medicament
|(traditional Chinese medicine) the part of human body between the heart and the diaphragm, which was thought to be unreachable by medicament
|
|
|inaccessible region of the body (between the heart and the diaphragm)
|inaccessible region of the body (between the heart and the diaphragm)
|肓 • (hwang) · 肓 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|肓 • (hwang) · 肓 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,054: Line 13,444:
|-
|-
|肫
|肫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsywin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ
|(obsolete) cheek • stomach of birds; gizzard of birds • (literary) sincere ‖ Alternative form of 純／纯 ‖ Alternative form of 豚
|(obsolete) cheek • stomach of birds; gizzard of birds • (literary) sincere ‖ Alternative form of 純／纯 ‖ Alternative form of 豚
|
|
Line 11,060: Line 13,451:
|肫 • (sun) · 肫 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|肫 • (sun) · 肫 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|gizzard of fowl • honest • sincere
|gizzard of fowl • honest • sincere
|Hán-Nôm : truân
|
|
|肫
|肫
|-
|-
|肱
|肱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kwong
|(anatomy) upper arm • (figurative) minister of the emperor
|(anatomy) upper arm • (figurative) minister of the emperor
| ‖ 肱(ひじ) • (hiji) ^(←ひぢ (fidi)?)
| ‖ 肱(ひじ) • (hiji) ^(←ひぢ (fidi)?)
Line 11,070: Line 13,463:
|肱 (eum 굉 (goeng))
|肱 (eum 굉 (goeng))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quăng
|
|
|肱
|肱
|-
|-
|胆
|胆
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːn, *daːn) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).
|
|
|
|
Line 11,079: Line 13,474:
|gall bladder • courage ‖ gallbladder; liver
|gall bladder • courage ‖ gallbladder; liver
|胆 • (dam) · 胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
|胆 • (dam) · 胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,084: Line 13,480:
|-
|-
|胛
|胛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 肉 (“flesh”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Middle-Chinese : kaep
|shoulder, shoulder blade
|shoulder, shoulder blade
|
|
|
|
|胛 • (gap) · 胛 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|胛 • (gap) · 胛 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,094: Line 13,492:
|-
|-
|胤
|胤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : īn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 八 + 幺 + 肉. Explanation uncertain.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : īn • Middle-Chinese : yinH
|(literary) progeny; posterity; descendants • (literary) heir; successor
|(literary) progeny; posterity; descendants • (literary) heir; successor
| ‖ 胤(たね) • (tane) ‖ 胤(いん) • (in)
| ‖ 胤(たね) • (tane) ‖ 胤(いん) • (in)
Line 11,100: Line 13,499:
|胤 (eum 윤 (yun))
|胤 (eum 윤 (yun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dận
|
|
|胤
|胤
|-
|-
|胥
|胥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ) : phonetic 疋 (OC *ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ) + semantic 月 (“flesh”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : sjo • Middle-Chinese : sjoX
|(historical) officer who was responsible for capturing thieves • (literary) all • (Classical) mutually • a surname
|(historical) officer who was responsible for capturing thieves • (literary) all • (Classical) mutually • a surname
|
|
Line 11,110: Line 13,511:
|胥 • (seo) · 胥 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|胥 • (seo) · 胥 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tư
|
|
|胥
|胥
|-
|-
|胭
|胭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'en
|Short for 胭脂 (yānzhi).
|Short for 胭脂 (yānzhi).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,124: Line 13,528:
|-
|-
|胱
|胱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong • Middle-Chinese : kwang
|Only used in 膀胱 (pángguāng, “bladder”).
|Only used in 膀胱 (pángguāng, “bladder”).
|
|
|bladder
|bladder
|胱 (eumhun 오줌통 광 (ojumtong gwang))
|胱 (eumhun 오줌통 광 (ojumtong gwang))
|Hanja form of 광 (“bladder”).
|hanja form of 광 (“bladder”)
|
|
|
|胱
|胱
|-
|-
|脩
|脩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siu • Middle-Chinese : sjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ
|(literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) • (literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) · (by extension, historical) payment for teachers in ancient China • (literary) Alternative form of 修 (xiū) • to dry out; to wither • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 卣 (yǒu, “painted wine vessel”) ‖ Name of a county. ‖ Only used in 脩脩 (xiāoxiāo). ‖ Alternative form of 滌／涤 (dí, “to wash; to cleanse”)
|(literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) • (literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) · (by extension, historical) payment for teachers in ancient China • (literary) Alternative form of 修 (xiū) • to dry out; to wither • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 卣 (yǒu, “painted wine vessel”) ‖ Name of a county. ‖ Only used in 脩脩 (xiāoxiāo). ‖ Alternative form of 滌／涤 (dí, “to wash; to cleanse”)
| ‖ 脩(おさむ) • (Osamu)
| ‖ 脩(おさむ) • (Osamu)
Line 11,140: Line 13,547:
|脩 • (su) · 脩 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|脩 • (su) · 脩 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tu
|
|
|脩
|脩
|-
|脫
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). \ :Within Chinese, cognate with 蛻 (OC *l̥ʰoːds, “exuviae (skin cast off during molting)”), 愉 (OC *lo, “relax > happy, pleased”), 悅 (OC lod, “contented”), 說 (OC *hljod, “to speak, to explain”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to persuade”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”), 奪 (OC *Cə.lˁot, “to rob, to snatch”); \ :Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan གློད་པ (glod pa, “loosen, relax, slacken”), Tibetan ཧློད་པ (hlod pa, “loose, relaxed”), Lepcha ᰒᰤᰦᰳ (flját), ᰒᰤᰩᰳ (fljót), Burmese လွှတ် (hlwat), Burmese ချွတ် (hkywat). \ In its use in Northern Wu languages, such as Shanghainese, Suzhounese, and Ningbonese, as well as Lower Yangtze Mandarin, it is likely from a grammaticalisation of the verb. Compare with 落 (Wuxi, Changzhou) and 掉 (Haining, Danyang) ‖  ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : tyut³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuat • Middle-Chinese : dwat • Middle-Chinese : thwat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍t
|to take off (clothes); to peel off; to strip • to get away from; to escape; to leave; to avoid • to leave out; to miss; to omit • rapid; swift; fast • unaffected; free; at ease • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collapse; to pass out; to fall in a faint • (Ningbonese and Shanghainese) and • (Northern Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin) Used to indicate a negative outcome to a verb. ‖ Used in 脫脫／脱脱 (“carefree”). • Alternative form of 蛻／蜕 (“(of skin) cast off”) • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) to slip out of place • (Mainland China Hokkien) to misstep
|
|take off, remove • escape, get away
|脫 • (tal, tae) · 脫 • (tal, tae) (hangeul 탈, 태, McCune–Reischauer t'al, t'ae, Yale thal, thay)
|
|Hán-Nôm : thoát
|
|脫
|-
|-
|脹
|脹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Middle-Chinese : trjangH
|to expand; to increase in size; to swell • (medicine, of muscles, skin, etc.) to swell • (medicine) to have edema; to have dropsy
|to expand; to increase in size; to swell • (medicine, of muscles, skin, etc.) to swell • (medicine) to have edema; to have dropsy
|
|
|swell, dilate, distend, bulge
|swell, dilate, distend, bulge
|脹 (eumhun 부을 창 (bueul chang))
|脹 (eumhun 부을 창 (bueul chang))
|Hanja form of 창 (“to expand; to swell”).
|hanja form of 창 (“to expand; to swell”)
|Hán-Nôm : trướng • Hán-Nôm : chương • Hán-Nôm : rướn • Hán-Nôm : chướng
|
|
|脹
|脹
|-
|-
|腆
|腆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thián
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thián • Middle-Chinese : thenX
|prosperous • good • protruding
|prosperous • good • protruding
|
|
Line 11,160: Line 13,583:
|腆 (eum 전 (jeon))
|腆 (eum 전 (jeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiển
|
|
|腆
|腆
|-
|-
|腑
|腑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Middle-Chinese : pjuX
|viscera
|viscera
| ‖ 腑(ふ) • (fu) ^(←ふ (fu)?)
| ‖ 腑(ふ) • (fu) ^(←ふ (fu)?)
|viscera ‖  
|viscera ‖  
|腑 (eumhun 육부 부 (yukbu bu))
|腑 (eumhun 육부 부 (yukbu bu))
|Hanja form of 부 (“the six viscera(bowels)”).
|hanja form of 부 (“the six viscera(bowels)”)
|
|
|
|腑
|腑
|-
|-
|腱
|腱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiān
|Originally 䇟. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kan, *ɡans) : semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiān • Middle-Chinese : kjon • Middle-Chinese : gjonH
|tendons
|tendons
| ‖ 腱(けん) • (ken)
| ‖ 腱(けん) • (ken)
| ‖ (anatomy) a tendon
| ‖ (anatomy) a tendon
|腱 • (geon) · 腱 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)
|腱 • (geon) · 腱 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,184: Line 13,612:
|-
|-
|腳
|腳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaɡ) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body”) + phonetic 卻 (OC *kaɡ, *kʰaɡ) – part of the body, the foot or leg. \ Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007). Unrelated to Min 跤.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok • Middle-Chinese : kjak
|(anatomy) foot (Classifier: 隻／只 m c; 雙／双 m c; 對／对 c) • base; leg; foundation • Alternative form of 角 (jué, “role; part; character”) • (Cantonese) person who joins an activity
|(anatomy) foot (Classifier: 隻／只 m c; 雙／双 m c; 對／对 c) • base; leg; foundation • Alternative form of 角 (jué, “role; part; character”) • (Cantonese) person who joins an activity
|
|
Line 11,190: Line 13,619:
|腳 (eumhun 다리 각 (dari gak))
|腳 (eumhun 다리 각 (dari gak))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cước • Hán-Nôm : cuốc
|
|
|腳
|腳
|-
|-
|膈
|膈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keeh ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 鬲 (OC *kreːɡ, *ɡ·reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 鬲 (OC *kreːɡ, *ɡ·reːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keeh • Middle-Chinese : keak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˋ
|(anatomy) diaphragm • a kind of bell ‖ Only used in 膈應／膈应 (gèying).
|(anatomy) diaphragm • a kind of bell ‖ Only used in 膈應／膈应 (gèying).
|
|
|
|
|膈 • (gyeok) · 膈 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격)
|膈 • (gyeok) · 膈 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,204: Line 13,636:
|-
|-
|膠
|膠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːw, *krɯːws, *kʰrɯːw) : semantic ⺼ (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws). ‖ Near homophone of the vulgar word 鳩／鸠 (gau¹).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew • Middle-Chinese : khaew • Middle-Chinese : kaewH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹
|glue; adhesive; gum; resin • rubber (material) • to glue; to adhere • sticky; gluey • (Cantonese) plastic • Short for 膠州／胶州 (Jiāozhōu). • Short for 膠澳／胶澳. (former name of 青島／青岛 (Qīngdǎo)) • (Wenzhounese) swim bladder ‖ (originally Internet slang) stupid; foolish; dumb • (Internet slang) stupidness; stupidity (Classifier: 打 c) • (originally Internet slang, offensive) idiot; retard • (originally Internet slang, possibly offensive) nerd; enthusiast • (chiefly Internet slang) to act stupidly; to act foolishly
|glue; adhesive; gum; resin • rubber (material) • to glue; to adhere • sticky; gluey • (Cantonese) plastic • Short for 膠州／胶州 (Jiāozhōu). • Short for 膠澳／胶澳. (former name of 青島／青岛 (Qīngdǎo)) • (Wenzhounese) swim bladder ‖ (originally Internet slang) stupid; foolish; dumb • (Internet slang) stupidness; stupidity (Classifier: 打 c) • (originally Internet slang, offensive) idiot; retard • (originally Internet slang, possibly offensive) nerd; enthusiast • (chiefly Internet slang) to act stupidly; to act foolishly
|
|
Line 11,210: Line 13,643:
|膠 • (gyo) · 膠 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|膠 • (gyo) · 膠 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giao • Hán-Nôm : keo
|
|
|膠
|膠
|-
|-
|膩
|膩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jī ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁶ ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nis) : semantic 肉 (“meat”) + phonetic 貳 (OC *njis). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jī • Middle-Chinese : nrijH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁶ ‖  
|fatty; oily • too greasy to bear • (Northern Min) to become soggy • meticulous; delicate; glossy • to make (someone) feel sick; to disgust (someone) • to be sick of; to be tired of • (literary) dirt • sticky; grimy • intimate; close • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick around, causing others to be fed up • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick to (someone); to pester (someone) • (Beijing Mandarin) to fill a crack; to putty • (Sichuanese) to hesitate; to be irresolute ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 腬 (nau6, “heavy; filling; too greasy or sweet”) ‖ (Eastern Min) to nap; to doze
|fatty; oily • too greasy to bear • (Northern Min) to become soggy • meticulous; delicate; glossy • to make (someone) feel sick; to disgust (someone) • to be sick of; to be tired of • (literary) dirt • sticky; grimy • intimate; close • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick around, causing others to be fed up • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick to (someone); to pester (someone) • (Beijing Mandarin) to fill a crack; to putty • (Sichuanese) to hesitate; to be irresolute ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 腬 (nau6, “heavy; filling; too greasy or sweet”) ‖ (Eastern Min) to nap; to doze
|
|
|
|
|膩 • (ni>i) · 膩 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune–Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i)
|膩 • (ni>i) · 膩 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune–Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,224: Line 13,660:
|-
|-
|膺
|膺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯŋ) : phonetic 𤸰 () + semantic 肉 (“body”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'ing
|(literary) breast; chest • (ancient, of horses) breast strap • (literary) to undertake; to bear • (literary) to attack
|(literary) breast; chest • (ancient, of horses) breast strap • (literary) to undertake; to bear • (literary) to attack
|
|
|breast
|breast
|膺 (eumhun 가슴 응 (gaseum eung))
|膺 (eumhun 가슴 응 (gaseum eung))
|Hanja form of 응 (“breasts”).
|hanja form of 응 (“breasts”)
|Hán-Nôm : ưng • Hán-Nôm : ứng
|
|
|膺
|膺
|-
|膽
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːmʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam). \ Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007); compare Proto-Vietic *lɔːm, Proto-Katuic *lɔɔm, Proto-Bahnaric *kləːm, etc. from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ləəm ~ *t₁luəm "liver".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tám • Middle-Chinese : tamX
|(anatomy) gallbladder • (figurative) guts; courage; bravery; strength; nerve • inner container; liner (of a thermos); bladder (of a ball) • vacuum tube
|
|
|膽 (eumhun 쓸개 담 (sseulgae dam))
|hanja form of 담 (“gall bladder”) • hanja form of 담 (“courage; nerve”)
|Hán-Nôm : đảm
|
|膽
|-
|-
|膾
|膾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH
|(historical) kuai, a historical Chinese dish consisting of finely cut strips of raw fish or meat • (archaic) to mince; to chop
|(historical) kuai, a historical Chinese dish consisting of finely cut strips of raw fish or meat • (archaic) to mince; to chop
| ‖ 膾(なます) • (namasu)
| ‖ 膾(なます) • (namasu)
| ‖ namasu, a Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced uncooked vegetables and meat or seafood, marinated in rice vinegar
| ‖ namasu, a Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced uncooked vegetables and meat or seafood, marinated in rice vinegar
|膾 (eumhun 회 회 (hoe hoe))
|膾 (eumhun 회 회 (hoe hoe))
|Hanja form of 회 (“sliced raw meat or fish”).
|hanja form of 회 (“sliced raw meat or fish”)
|Hán-Nôm : gỏi • Hán-Nôm : khoái • Hán-Nôm : cối • Hán-Nôm : quái
|
|
|膾
|膾
|-
|-
|膿
|膿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Middle-Chinese : nowng
|pus
|pus
| ‖ 膿(うみ) • (umi) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō)
| ‖ 膿(うみ) • (umi) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō)
| ‖ pus ‖ (medicine) pus ‖ (medicine) pus
| ‖ pus ‖ (medicine) pus ‖ (medicine) pus
|膿 (eumhun 고름 농 (goreum nong))
|膿 (eumhun 고름 농 (goreum nong))
|Hanja form of 농 (“pus”).
|hanja form of 농 (“pus”)
|
|
|
|膿
|膿
|-
|-
|臃
|臃
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong
|Used in 臃腫／臃肿 (yōngzhǒng, “obese; swollen; overstaffed”).
|Used in 臃腫／臃肿 (yōngzhǒng, “obese; swollen; overstaffed”).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,264: Line 13,720:
|-
|-
|臉
|臉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gram (“cheek; face”). Cognate with Tibetan འགྲམ་པ ('gram pa, “cheek”), འགྲམ་རུས ('gram rus, “cheekbone”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : leamX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjem
|(anatomy) cheek • (anatomy) face (Classifier: 張／张 m) • (by extension) facial expression; complexion • (figurative) front part of something • (figurative) reputation; face; image ‖ meat soup
|(anatomy) cheek • (anatomy) face (Classifier: 張／张 m) • (by extension) facial expression; complexion • (figurative) front part of something • (figurative) reputation; face; image ‖ meat soup
|
|
Line 11,270: Line 13,727:
|臉 (eumhun 뺨 검 (ppyam geom))
|臉 (eumhun 뺨 검 (ppyam geom))
|cheek • face
|cheek • face
|Hán-Nôm : kiểm • Hán-Nôm : quặm • Hán-Nôm : liển • Hán-Nôm : liễn • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : kiễm
|
|
|臉
|臉
|-
|-
|臍
|臍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsê
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zliːl) : semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-taj (“navel; abdomen; centre; self”) (Weidert, 1987; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ལྟེ (lte, “navel”), Chepang तोय् (“navel”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsê • Middle-Chinese : dzej
|navel
|navel
| ‖ 臍(へそ) • (heso) ‖ 臍(ほぞ) • (hozo)
| ‖ 臍(へそ) • (heso) ‖ 臍(ほぞ) • (hozo)
| ‖ (anatomy) navel ‖ (anatomy) navel
| ‖ (anatomy) navel ‖ (anatomy) navel
|臍 (eumhun 배꼽 제 (baekkop je))
|臍 (eumhun 배꼽 제 (baekkop je))
|Hanja form of 제 (“navel”).
|hanja form of 제 (“navel”)
|
|
|
|臍
|臍
|-
|-
|臏
|臏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : bjinX
|Alternative form of 髕／髌 (bìn, “kneecap; cutting off kneecaps as a form of punishment”)
|Alternative form of 髕／髌 (bìn, “kneecap; cutting off kneecaps as a form of punishment”)
|
|
Line 11,290: Line 13,751:
|臏 • (bin) · 臏 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|臏 • (bin) · 臏 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|kneecap
|kneecap
|
|
|
|臏
|臏
|-
|-
|臘
|臘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːb) : semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + phonetic 巤 (OC *rab). \ Uncertain. \ * Bodde (1975) cites Zheng Xuan's comment on the relation between 臘 (OC *raːb, “year-end sacrifice”) and 獵 (OC *rab, “hunt”); \ * Boltz (1979) instead relates it to a much later word written with the same phonetic & meaning "to cut off, to terminate" (of a year); \ * Schuessler (2007) proposes an alternative Sino-Tibetan etymology: just as the 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb) word-family encompasses the meanings "leaf > foliage, year, generation"; so the root *râp "new year, change of year" is apparently a parallel etymon, which also is cognate with Tibetan རབས། (rabs, “generation”) (Bodman, 1980).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Middle-Chinese : lap
|year-end sacrifice to the gods • twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar • dried preserved meat; cured meat
|year-end sacrifice to the gods • twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar • dried preserved meat; cured meat
| ‖ 臘(ろう) • (rō)
| ‖ 臘(ろう) • (rō)
Line 11,300: Line 13,763:
|臘 • (rap>nap) · 臘 • (rap>nap) (hangeul 랍>납, revised rap>nap, McCune–Reischauer rap>nap, Yale lap>nap)
|臘 • (rap>nap) · 臘 • (rap>nap) (hangeul 랍>납, revised rap>nap, McCune–Reischauer rap>nap, Yale lap>nap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chạp • Hán-Nôm : chợp • Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lép
|
|
|臘
|臘
|-
|-
|臚
|臚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ljo
|(literary) to display; to list
|(literary) to display; to list
|
|
|
|
|臚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 臚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|臚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 臚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|
|
|
|臚
|臚
|-
|臥
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臣 (“eye”) + 人 (“person”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gōo • Middle-Chinese : ngwaH
|to lie down • to sleep; to rest • (of animals) to crouch • (literary) to live in seclusion; to retreat • (regional) to poach (to cook in boiling water) • (in compounds) containing a bed; used for sleeping • (in compounds) sleeper
| ‖ 臥(が) • (ga) ^(←ぐわ (gwa)?)
|to lie down • prostrate ‖ to bend down; to lie down; to prostrate
|臥 • (wa) · 臥 • (wa) (hangeul 와)
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngọa • Hán-Nôm : ngoạ
|
|臥
|-
|-
|臧
|臧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臣 (“eye”) + 戈 (“spear;weapon”) – "slave; prisoner of war" (slaves in ancient China were blinded, hence the 臣 component. Compare 童 and 民). The phonetic component 爿 (OC *zaŋ), absent in the oracle-bone script, was added at a later stage (see Yang, 1965, and references therein), leading Shuowen to interpret the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋ) : phonetic 戕 (OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) + semantic 臣. \ Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བཟང (bzang, “good; fine”) (Coblin, 1986). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶
|(literary) good; right; generous • (literary) to praise; to commend • a surname ‖ (derogatory) slave; enslaved captive • Alternative form of 贓／赃 (zāng, “booty; loot; stolen goods”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (“to hide; to store”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (zàng, “storing pace; depository”) • Alternative form of 臟／脏 (zàng, “internal organs, viscera”)
|(literary) good; right; generous • (literary) to praise; to commend • a surname ‖ (derogatory) slave; enslaved captive • Alternative form of 贓／赃 (zāng, “booty; loot; stolen goods”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (“to hide; to store”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (zàng, “storing pace; depository”) • Alternative form of 臟／脏 (zàng, “internal organs, viscera”)
|
|
Line 11,320: Line 13,799:
|臧 (eum 장 (jang))
|臧 (eum 장 (jang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tang • Hán-Nôm : tàng
|
|
|臧
|臧
|-
|臺
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated 喬 + 室. \ Its exact structure changes depending on region and time period, but for most of its existence it has been a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . The phonetic has always been 之 (OC *tjɯ) or 止 (OC *kjɯʔ). \ : Oracle bone inscriptions: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 宀. \ : Chu slips: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室 \ : Jin slips: \ :* Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated 喬 + 室. This is the modern form inherited by Han seal script. \ :* Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + abbreviated 室 \ :* Phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室 \ : Qin dynasty: Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + 高 + 室 \ Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 之 (“foot”) + abbreviated 高 (“high”) + 室 (“building”) – a watch tower. The Shuowen Jiezi Zhu considers 㞢 (*tjɯ) to be the sound component.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâi • Middle-Chinese : doj
|tower; lookout • stage; platform • support; stand; base • station · (specifically) broadcasting station or channel; television station or channel • station · (specifically, Internet) live stream • station • terrace (raised ground) • Suffix for terms of address conveying respect for the addressee. • Short for 臺灣／台灣／台湾 (Táiwān, “Taiwan”). • Short for 臺語／台語／台语 (táiyǔ, “Taiwanese Hokkien”). • Classifier for machines, vehicles or electronic devices. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • Classifier for stage performance. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • Alternative form of 檯／台 (tái, “table; desk”) • Alternative form of 薹 (tái, “sedge”) • a surname • (mahjong) points
|
|
|臺 (eumhun 대 대 (dae dae)) ‖ 臺 • (Dae) (hangeul 대)
|hanja form of 대 (“platform”) [noun] • hanja form of 대 (“counter for vehicles or machinery”) [counter] • hanja form of 대 (“(after a number) in the... s”) [suffix] ‖ (in news headlines) Short for 臺(대)灣(만) (Daeman, “Taiwan”).
|Hán-Nôm : đài
|chữ Hán form of đài (“platform, broadcast station”).
|臺
|-
|-
|臻
|臻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsrin
|(literary) to attain; to realize • (literary) to arrive; to reach; to come
|(literary) to attain; to realize • (literary) to arrive; to reach; to come
|
|
Line 11,330: Line 13,823:
|臻 • (jin) · 臻 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
|臻 • (jin) · 臻 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trăn
|
|
|臻
|臻
|-
|-
|臾
|臾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵
|a moment, an instant, a short while (used in 須臾／须臾 (xūyú)) • a surname ‖ Only used in 縱臾／纵臾 (zǒngyǒng).
|a moment, an instant, a short while (used in 須臾／须臾 (xūyú)) • a surname ‖ Only used in 縱臾／纵臾 (zǒngyǒng).
|
|
|
|
|臾 (eum 잠깐 유, 권할 용 (jamkkan yu, gwonhal yong))
|臾 (eum 잠깐 유, 권할 용 (jamkkan yu, gwonhal yong))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,344: Line 13,840:
|-
|-
|舂
|舂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 廾 (“both hands”) + 午 (“pestle”) + 臼 (“mortar”) – using both hands to pound with a mortar and pestle.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : syowng
|to pound on grains in a mortar in order to husk them • (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Shanghainese) to hit with a fist; to punch • (Cantonese) to fall (especially head down)
|to pound on grains in a mortar in order to husk them • (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Shanghainese) to hit with a fist; to punch • (Cantonese) to fall (especially head down)
|
|
Line 11,350: Line 13,847:
|舂 • (yong, song, chang) · 舂 • (yong, song, chang) (hangeul 용, 송, 창, revised yong, song, chang, McCune–Reischauer yong, song, ch'ang, Yale yong, song, chang)
|舂 • (yong, song, chang) · 舂 • (yong, song, chang) (hangeul 용, 송, 창, revised yong, song, chang, McCune–Reischauer yong, song, ch'ang, Yale yong, song, chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thung
|
|
|舂
|舂
|-
|-
|舉
|舉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaʔ) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 手 (“hand”) as 擧／举. The 手 (shǒu) component became 𰀁. \ ;lift \ ;all, whole, entire \ ;to pawn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Middle-Chinese : kjoX
|to raise; to lift up • (literary) to raise; to bring up • to elect • to start; to initiate • to cite; to enumerate • action; deed • (historical) successful candidate in the imperial examination at the provincial level • whole; entire • (Cantonese) to pawn
|to raise; to lift up • (literary) to raise; to bring up • to elect • to start; to initiate • to cite; to enumerate • action; deed • (historical) successful candidate in the imperial examination at the provincial level • whole; entire • (Cantonese) to pawn
|
|
Line 11,360: Line 13,859:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cử • Hán-Nôm : cỡ • Hán-Nôm : cữ
|
|
|舉
|舉
|-
|-
|舐
|舐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : lem²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljeʔ) : semantic 舌 + phonetic 氏 (OC *skeŋ, *kje, *ɡjeʔ). \ The glyphs recorded in Shuowen are 舓 (shì) (with phonetic 易 (OC *leːɡs, *leɡ)) and 𦧇 (with phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ)). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak (“to lick; tongue”). The Cantonese vernacular reading laai² preserves the Old Chinese initial *l-. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐ • Middle-Chinese : zyeX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : lem²
|to lick; to lap; to stroke with the tongue ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 舔 (“to lick”)
|to lick; to lap; to stroke with the tongue ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 舔 (“to lick”)
|
|
Line 11,370: Line 13,871:
|舐 (eum 지 (ji))
|舐 (eum 지 (ji))
|
|
|canonical : 舐: Hán Việt readings: thỉ • canonical : thị • canonical : để 舐: Nôm readings: liếm • canonical : thỉ
|
|
|舐
|舐
|-
|-
|舛
|舛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuán
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夊 + 𡕒 (second character roughly ヰ) – two feet facing in different directions. Compare 夅, with feet pointing down. Compare also foot in 夂, 夊, 𡕒. Note that the left foot has changed shape rather more than the right foot, which still resembles the form in earlier script.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuán • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwenX
|(literary) to be opposed to; to be contrary to; to deviate from • (literary) an error or mistake • (literary) a disorderly misfortune; be in a difficult situation
|(literary) to be opposed to; to be contrary to; to deviate from • (literary) an error or mistake • (literary) a disorderly misfortune; be in a difficult situation
|
|
Line 11,380: Line 13,883:
|舛 • (cheon) · 舛 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|舛 • (cheon) · 舛 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : suyễn • Hán-Nôm : sẻn
|
|
|舛
|舛
|-
|-
|舜
|舜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn • Middle-Chinese : sywinH
|Emperor Shun, legendary ruler of ancient China • (alt. form 蕣) Hibiscus syriacus • a surname
|Emperor Shun, legendary ruler of ancient China • (alt. form 蕣) Hibiscus syriacus • a surname
|
|
Line 11,390: Line 13,895:
|舜 • (sun) · 舜 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|舜 • (sun) · 舜 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thuấn
|
|
|舜
|舜
|-
|-
|舢
|舢
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹
|Only used in 舢板 (shānbǎn).
|Only used in 舢板 (shānbǎn).
Line 11,400: Line 13,907:
|舢 (eum 산 (san))
|舢 (eum 산 (san))
|a small boat attached to a ship
|a small boat attached to a ship
|
|
|
|舢
|舢
|-
|-
|舨
|舨
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan²
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan²
|Only used in 舢舨 and 艟舨.
|Only used in 舢舨 and 艟舨.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,414: Line 13,924:
|-
|-
|舫
|舫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋs, *paŋs) : semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). \ Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *poŋ (“raft; float”) (provisionally reconstructed by STEDT). See 方 (OC *paŋ) for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : pjangH • Middle-Chinese : pangH
|two boats connected together • boat (with a deckhouse)
|two boats connected together • boat (with a deckhouse)
|
|
Line 11,420: Line 13,931:
|舫 (eum 방 (bang))
|舫 (eum 방 (bang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phảng
|
|
|舫
|舫
|-
|-
|艙
|艙
|Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːŋ) : semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong
|cabin (in ships, airplanes, etc.)
|cabin (in ships, airplanes, etc.)
Line 11,430: Line 13,943:
|艙 • (chang) · 艙 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|艙 • (chang) · 艙 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : khoang
|
|
|艙
|艙
|-
|-
|艮
|艮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˇ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + 匕 (“spoon”). \ Alternatively, a ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + 人 (“person”) showing a person looking back (Ji Xusheng, 2004). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìn • Middle-Chinese : konH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˇ
|one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦, symbolizing mountains. (☶) • a surname ‖ (dialectal) blunt; straightforward • (dialectal) tough, chewy
|one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦, symbolizing mountains. (☶) • a surname ‖ (dialectal) blunt; straightforward • (dialectal) tough, chewy
| ‖ 艮(うしとら) • (ushitora)
| ‖ 艮(うしとら) • (ushitora)
|northeast ‖ (obsolete) northeast
|northeast ‖ (obsolete) northeast
|艮 (eumhun 괘 이름 간 (gwae ireum gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 그칠 간 (geuchil gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 은 은 (eun eun)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 끌 흔 (kkeul heun))
|艮 (eumhun 괘 이름 간 (gwae ireum gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 그칠 간 (geuchil gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 은 은 (eun eun)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 끌 흔 (kkeul heun))
|Hanja form of 간 (“one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦”). ‖ Hanja form of 간 (“to stop; to cease”). ‖ Hanja form of 은 (“silver”). ‖ Hanja form of 흔 (“to pull; to draw; to drag”).
|hanja form of 간 (“one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦”) ‖ hanja form of 간 (“to stop; to cease”) ‖ hanja form of 은 (“silver”) ‖ hanja form of 흔 (“to pull; to draw; to drag”)
|Hán-Nôm : cấn • Hán-Nôm : cản • Hán-Nôm : ngắn • Hán-Nôm : nhìn • Hán-Nôm : ngấn • Hán-Nôm : ngẩn • Hán-Nôm : ngổn • Hán-Nôm : ngần
|
|
|艮
|艮
|-
|-
|艱
|艱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːn) : semantic 𦰩 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian • Middle-Chinese : kean
|difficult; hard • hardship; suffering • disaster • dangerous • parent's death
|difficult; hard • hardship; suffering • disaster • dangerous • parent's death
|
|
Line 11,450: Line 13,967:
|艱 • (gan) · 艱 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
|艱 • (gan) · 艱 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gian
|
|
|艱
|艱
|-
|艶
|
|
| ‖ 艶(つや) • (tsuya) ‖ 艶(あで) • (ade) -na (adnominal 艶(あで)な (ade na), adverbial 艶(あで)に (ade ni)) ‖ 艶(あで) • (ade) ‖ 艶(えん) • (en) -na (adnominal 艶(えん)な (en na), adverbial 艶(えん)に (en ni)) ‖ 艶(えん) • (en) ‖ 艶(えん) • (en)
| ‖ gloss, lustre (UK)/luster (US) ‖ beautiful, charming, elegant ‖ beauty, charm, elegance ‖ charming ‖ charm ‖ charming, voluptuous • love affair, romance • gloss, luster
|艶 (eumhun 고울 염 (goul yeom))
|Hanja form of 염 (“charming, voluptuous; love affair, romance; gloss, luster”).
|
|艶
|-
|-
|芍
|芍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡleːwʔ, *spʰlewɢ, *pl'ewɢ, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 勺 (OC *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia̍h • Middle-Chinese : dzyak • Middle-Chinese : trjak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : hewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : tek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Middle-Chinese : tshjak
|Chinese peony (Paeonia lactiflora) ‖ water chestnut ‖ Alternative form of 菂 (dì, “lotus seed”) ‖ Only used in 芍陂.
|Chinese peony (Paeonia lactiflora) ‖ water chestnut ‖ Alternative form of 菂 (dì, “lotus seed”) ‖ Only used in 芍陂.
|
|
Line 11,470: Line 13,979:
|芍 • (jak, jeok) · 芍 • (jak, jeok) (hangeul 작, 적, revised jak, jeok, McCune–Reischauer chak, chŏk, Yale cak, cek)
|芍 • (jak, jeok) · 芍 • (jak, jeok) (hangeul 작, 적, revised jak, jeok, McCune–Reischauer chak, chŏk, Yale cak, cek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thược
|
|
|芍
|芍
|-
|-
|芟
|芟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : sraem
|
|
|
|
|scythe • to scythe, to cut
|scythe • to scythe, to cut
|芟 • (sam) · 芟 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)
|芟 • (sam) · 芟 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,484: Line 13,996:
|-
|-
|芯
|芯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sim ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sim • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sim • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³
|pith from the common rush (Juncus effusus), used as lamp wick • lamp wick • (in general) core material (of something); centre; wick; pencil lead ‖ Only used in 芯子 (xìnzi, “fuse; tongue of a snake”).
|pith from the common rush (Juncus effusus), used as lamp wick • lamp wick • (in general) core material (of something); centre; wick; pencil lead ‖ Only used in 芯子 (xìnzi, “fuse; tongue of a snake”).
| ‖ 芯(しん) • (shin)
| ‖ 芯(しん) • (shin)
| ‖ core, heart • pencil lead • wick
| ‖ core, heart • pencil lead • wick
|芯 • (sim) · 芯 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim)
|芯 • (sim) · 芯 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,494: Line 14,008:
|-
|-
|芻
|芻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 勹 (“hand”) + 屮 (“grass”), a hand plucking grass.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Middle-Chinese : tsrhju
|to cut grass; to mow • hay; fodder • livestock • to raise; to rear
|to cut grass; to mow • hay; fodder • livestock • to raise; to rear
|
|
Line 11,500: Line 14,015:
|芻 (eum 추 (chu))
|芻 (eum 추 (chu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : so
|
|
|芻
|芻
|-
|-
|苒
|苒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : nyemX
|luxuriant growth • passing (of time) • (Xiamen Hokkien) fruit preserve; jam (UK); jelly (US)
|luxuriant growth • passing (of time) • (Xiamen Hokkien) fruit preserve; jam (UK); jelly (US)
|
|
Line 11,510: Line 14,027:
|苒 • (yeom) · 苒 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|苒 • (yeom) · 苒 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|lush • successively • in order
|lush • successively • in order
|Hán-Nôm : nhiễm
|
|
|苒
|苒
|-
|-
|苓
|苓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Middle-Chinese : leng
|Used in 苓耳. • Short for 伏苓 or 茯苓. • Alternative form of 零 (“to fall”)
|Used in 苓耳. • Short for 伏苓 or 茯苓. • Alternative form of 零 (“to fall”)
|
|
Line 11,520: Line 14,039:
|苓 • (ryeong>yeong) · 苓 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng)
|苓 • (ryeong>yeong) · 苓 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : linh • Hán-Nôm : lành • Hán-Nôm : lềnh
|
|
|苓
|苓
|-
|-
|苣
|苣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjoX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ
|lettuce ‖ Only used in 苣蕒菜／苣荬菜 (qǔmǎicài).
|lettuce ‖ Only used in 苣蕒菜／苣荬菜 (qǔmǎicài).
| ‖ 苣(ちしゃ) or 苣(チシャ) • (chisha)
| ‖ 苣(ちしゃ) or 苣(チシャ) • (chisha)
Line 11,530: Line 14,051:
|苣 • (geo) · 苣 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|苣 • (geo) · 苣 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cự
|
|
|苣
|苣
|-
|-
|苧
|苧
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵
|Simplified from 薴 (寧 → 宁). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 宁 (OC *da, *daʔ).
| ‖ Boehmeria nivea (ramie)
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : drjoX
| ‖ ramie (Boehmeria nivea)
| ‖ 苧(お) • (o) ^(←を (wo)?) ‖ 苧(むし) • (mushi) ‖ 苧(からむし) • (karamushi) ‖ 苧(からんし) • (karanshi) ‖ 苧(こるむし) • (korumushi) ‖ 苧(ま) • (ma) ‖ 苧(ちょ) • (cho)
| ‖ 苧(お) • (o) ^(←を (wo)?) ‖ 苧(むし) • (mushi) ‖ 苧(からむし) • (karamushi) ‖ 苧(からんし) • (karanshi) ‖ 苧(こるむし) • (korumushi) ‖ 苧(ま) • (ma) ‖ 苧(ちょ) • (cho)
| ‖ hemp or ramie • thread made from the outer husk of the stems of hemp or ramie • a textile made from this thread ‖ (obsolete) old name for karamushi: the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea • short for 帔(むしのたれぎぬ), 枲(むし)の垂(た)れ衣(ぎぬ) (mushi no tareginu), a kind of veil made of ramie and worn from the brim of a hat by women from the Heian period through the Kamakura period ‖ the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea (syn. Boehmeria nipononivea) • a thread made from the fibers of this plant • a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber
| ‖ hemp or ramie • thread made from the outer husk of the stems of hemp or ramie • a textile made from this thread ‖ (obsolete) old name for karamushi: the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea • short for 帔(むしのたれぎぬ), 枲(むし)の垂(た)れ衣(ぎぬ) (mushi no tareginu), a kind of veil made of ramie and worn from the brim of a hat by women from the Heian period through the Kamakura period ‖ the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea (syn. Boehmeria nipononivea) • a thread made from the fibers of this plant • a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber
|苧 • (jeo) · 苧 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|苧 • (jeo) · 苧 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trữ
|
|
|苧
|苧
|-
|-
|茎
|茎
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 茎(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 茎(なかご) • (nakago)
| ‖ 茎(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 茎(なかご) • (nakago)
| ‖ stem, stalk ‖ (swords) tang (part of a sword blade)
| ‖ stem, stalk ‖ (swords) tang (part of a sword blade)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,554: Line 14,080:
|-
|-
|茗
|茗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 名 (OC *meŋ). \ A late word; earliest extant attestation is in Shuowen Jiezi. \ Likely from Austroasiatic. Compare Palaungic မျံမ် (miəm), Danau miːn², Lamet mɪːŋ, Mlabri miʌŋ, Mal mhiaŋ, Nyah Kur mìəm, Thai เมี่ยง (mîiang), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩮᩥ᩠᩶ᨿᨦ, Lao ໝ້ຽງ (mīang).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : mengX
|tea buds • late-picked tea • (in general) tea plant • tea (drink) • Alternative form of 酩 (mǐng) • a surname
|tea buds • late-picked tea • (in general) tea plant • tea (drink) • Alternative form of 酩 (mǐng) • a surname
| ‖ 茗(めい) • (mei)
| ‖ 茗(めい) • (mei)
Line 11,560: Line 14,087:
|茗 • (myeong) · 茗 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng)
|茗 • (myeong) · 茗 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng)
|
|
|canonical : 茗: Hán Việt readings: dính • canonical : minh 茗: Nôm readings: dính • canonical : rểnh • canonical : tranh
|
|
|茗
|茗
|-
|-
|茱
|茱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djo) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzyu
|Short for 茱萸 (zhūyú).
|Short for 茱萸 (zhūyú).
|
|
|
|
|茱 • (su) · 茱 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|茱 • (su) · 茱 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,574: Line 14,104:
|-
|-
|茲
|茲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴
|Cognate with 載 (OC *ʔslɯːʔ, “year”), 再 (OC *ʔsɯːs, “twice”), 薦 (OC *ʔseːns, “repeatedly”), 洊 (OC *zlɯːns, “again; repeatedly”), 荐 (OC *zlɯːns, “repeatedly”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzi
|(literary) this • (literary) year; time • (literary) the present; now • Alternative form of 滋 (zī, “more”) ‖ Only used in 龜茲／龟兹 (Qiūcí).
|(literary) this • (literary) year; time • (literary) the present; now • Alternative form of 滋 (zī, “more”) ‖ Only used in 龜茲／龟兹 (Qiūcí).
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 11,580: Line 14,111:
|茲 • (museonghal ja) · 茲 • (museonghal ja) (hangeul 무성할 자)
|茲 • (museonghal ja) · 茲 • (museonghal ja) (hangeul 무성할 자)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tư
|
|
|茲
|茲
|-
|-
|茴
|茴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːl) : semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 回 (OC *ɡuːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê • Middle-Chinese : hwoj
|Used in 茴香 (huíxiāng). • fennel; aniseed
|Used in 茴香 (huíxiāng). • fennel; aniseed
|
|
Line 11,590: Line 14,123:
|茴 • (hoe) · 茴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|茴 • (hoe) · 茴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|
|
|canonical : 茴: Hán Việt readings: hồi 茴: Nôm readings: hồi • canonical : gồi
|
|
|茴
|茴
|-
|-
|茹
|茹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njas) : semantic 艹 (“grass, plants”) + phonetic 如 (OC *nja, *njas) – plant roots, part of a plant. \ Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic origin; compare Kharia [script needed] (ɲoʔ, “to eat”) and Proto-Vietic *s-nja:ʔ (“to chew, to masticate”) (> Vietnamese nhá). Schuessler (2003) also compares 茹 with Jingpho noʔ¹ 'to eat' and Proto-Mienic *ʔnəkᴰ 'to swallow'.
|to eat • to bear • to guess • soft • corrupted • vegetables • a surname • (organic chemistry) rubicene
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : nyo • Middle-Chinese : nyoX • Middle-Chinese : nyoH
|to eat • (literary) to bear • (literary) to guess • (literary) soft • (literary) corrupted • (literary) vegetables • a surname • (organic chemistry) rubicene
|
|
|to boil • to seethe
|to boil • to seethe
|茹 • (yeo) · 茹 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)
|茹 • (yeo) · 茹 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)
|
|
|canonical : 茹: Hán Việt readings: như • canonical : nhự 茹: Nôm readings: nhà • canonical : nhờ • canonical : nhựa • canonical : nhừa • canonical : nhu
|Nôm form of nhà (“home”).
|Nôm form of nhà (“home”).
|茹
|茹
|-
|-
|荀
|荀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : swin
|a surname • (historical) name of an ancient state in China • (obsolete) name of a plant
|a surname • (historical) name of an ancient state in China • (obsolete) name of a plant
|
|
Line 11,610: Line 14,147:
|荀 • (sun) · 荀 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|荀 • (sun) · 荀 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuân
|
|
|荀
|荀
|-
|-
|荊
|荊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king
|; "shrub; alternative name of Chu" \ ; "(humble) my wife; poor"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kjaeng
|chaste tree (Vitex); redbud (Cercis) • (historical) rod for flogging made of chaste tree twigs • (literary, humble) my wife • Short for 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu, “Jingzhou”). • Short for 荊山／荆山 (Jīng Shān, “Mount Jing”). • Alternative name for 楚 (chǔ, “the state of Chu in ancient China”). • a surname
|chaste tree (Vitex); redbud (Cercis) • (historical) rod for flogging made of chaste tree twigs • (literary, humble) my wife • Short for 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu, “Jingzhou”). • Short for 荊山／荆山 (Jīng Shān, “Mount Jing”). • Alternative name for 楚 (chǔ, “the state of Chu in ancient China”). • a surname
| ‖ 荊(いばら) or 荊(イバラ) • (ibara)
| ‖ 荊(いばら) or 荊(イバラ) • (ibara)
Line 11,620: Line 14,159:
|荊 • (hyeong) · 荊 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|荊 • (hyeong) · 荊 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|thorns • brambles • my wife • cane
|thorns • brambles • my wife • cane
|Hán-Nôm : kinh
|
|
|荊
|荊
|-
|-
|荏
|荏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms). \ ; “a kind of big bean” \ ; “soft; weak” \ : Possibly related to 飪 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked”), 腍 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked; delicious”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : nyimX
|perilla (Perilla frutescens) • a kind of big bean; big • soft; weak; yielding • (Singapore Hokkien) weak; feeble; frail
|perilla (Perilla frutescens) • a kind of big bean; big • soft; weak; yielding • (Singapore Hokkien) weak; feeble; frail
|
|
Line 11,630: Line 14,171:
|荏 • (im) · 荏 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)
|荏 • (im) · 荏 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhẫm
|
|
|荏
|荏
|-
|-
|荸
|荸
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pu̍t
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pu̍t
|Only used in 荸薺／荸荠 (bíqi, “Chinese water chestnut”).
|Only used in 荸薺／荸荠 (bíqi, “Chinese water chestnut”).
Line 11,640: Line 14,183:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bột • Hán-Nôm : mụt • Hán-Nôm : bụt
|
|
|荸
|荸
|-
|-
|荻
|荻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dek
|Amur silvergrass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • a surname
|Amur silvergrass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • a surname
| ‖ 荻(おぎ) or 荻(オギ) • (ogi) ^(←をぎ (wogi) or ヲギ (wogi)?)
| ‖ 荻(おぎ) or 荻(オギ) • (ogi) ^(←をぎ (wogi)?)
|Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • reed, cane ‖ Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus)
|Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • reed, cane ‖ Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus)
|荻 (eum 적 (jeok))
|荻 (eum 적 (jeok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : địch
|
|
|荻
|荻
|-
|-
|荼
|荼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : drae • Middle-Chinese : du • Middle-Chinese : zyae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu¹
|a type of bitter vegetable, possibly sow thistle or other plants of Asteraceae • (figurative) pain; suffering • spikes of cogon (or other grasses) with long whitish hair • pappus • white ‖ a surname ‖ Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū).
|a type of bitter vegetable, possibly sow thistle or other plants of Asteraceae • (figurative) pain; suffering • spikes of cogon (or other grasses) with long whitish hair • pappus • white ‖ a surname ‖ Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū).
|
|
Line 11,660: Line 14,207:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đồ • Hán-Nôm : dưa • Hán-Nôm : giưa
|
|
|荼
|荼
|-
|-
|莎
|莎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Middle-Chinese : swa ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ
|Cyperus rotundus • a kind of tree • to wither • Alternative form of 蓑 ‖ Used in personal names , place names and transcription. ‖ Only used in 捼莎.
|Cyperus rotundus • a kind of tree • to wither • Alternative form of 蓑 ‖ Used in personal names , place names and transcription. ‖ Only used in 捼莎.
|
|
Line 11,670: Line 14,219:
|莎 • (sa) · 莎 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|莎 • (sa) · 莎 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : toa • Hán-Nôm : sa
|
|
|莎
|莎
|-
|-
|莒
|莒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : kjoX
|taro • (～國) state of Ju during the Zhou dynasty • (～縣) Ju County in Shandong province • a surname
|taro • (～國) state of Ju during the Zhou dynasty • (～縣) Ju County in Shandong province • a surname
|
|
|
|
|莒 • (geo) · 莒 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|莒 • (geo) · 莒 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,684: Line 14,236:
|-
|-
|莓
|莓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̂
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̂ • Middle-Chinese : mwoj • Middle-Chinese : mwojH • Middle-Chinese : mjuwH
|moss • berry
|moss • berry
| ‖ 莓(いちご) or 莓(イチゴ) • (ichigo)
| ‖ 莓(いちご) or 莓(イチゴ) • (ichigo)
|strawberry ‖ Alternative spelling of 苺 (“strawberry”)
|strawberry ‖ Alternative spelling of 苺 (“strawberry”)
|莓 • (mae) · 莓 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|莓 • (mae) · 莓 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|
|
|
|
|
|莓
|莓
|-
|莖
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːŋ, *qreːŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kja-ŋ (“foot”) (STEDT), whence Tibetan རྐང་པ (rkang pa, “foot; leg; stem; stalk”). \ 脛 (OC *ɡeːŋs, “lower leg”) is also compared to the above Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemma. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːŋ, *qreːŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kja-ŋ (“foot”) (STEDT), whence Tibetan རྐང་པ (rkang pa, “foot; leg; stem; stalk”). \ 脛 (OC *ɡeːŋs, “lower leg”) is also compared to the above Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemma.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwaang² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Middle-Chinese : heang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Middle-Chinese : 'eang
|stem; stalk; something like a stalk • ^† tall and straight • ^† pillar • ^† (traditional Chinese medicine) penis • ^† handle • Classifier for strips or stalks of objects. ‖ Only used in 姚莖／姚茎.
|
|stem • stalk
|莖 • (gyeong) · 莖 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|Hán-Nôm : hành • Hán-Nôm : kinh
|
|莖
|-
|-
|莘
|莘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ • Middle-Chinese : srin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Middle-Chinese : srin
|long • numerous • a surname • (～縣) Shen County, a county in Shandong. ‖ a type of marsh plant whose root is used for medicine
|long • numerous • a surname • (～縣) Shen County, a county in Shandong. ‖ a type of marsh plant whose root is used for medicine
|
|
Line 11,700: Line 14,267:
|莘 • (sin) · 莘 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|莘 • (sin) · 莘 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|long • numerous • a marsh plant whose root is used for medicine
|long • numerous • a marsh plant whose root is used for medicine
|
|
|
|莘
|莘
|-
|-
|莞
|莞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuán ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 完 (OC *ɦŋoːn). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwan • Middle-Chinese : hwan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuán ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hwaenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵
|a type of long-stem watergrass, possibly the softstem rush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) or Shichito matgrass (Cyperus malaccensis) • mat woven using this kind of grass • a surname ‖ Used in 東莞／东莞 (Dōngguǎn, “Dongguan”); also used as its short form. ‖ smiling ‖ Alternative form of 脘 (wǎn, “gastric cavity”)
|a type of long-stem watergrass, possibly the softstem rush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) or Shichito matgrass (Cyperus malaccensis) • mat woven using this kind of grass • a surname ‖ Used in 東莞／东莞 (Dōngguǎn, “Dongguan”); also used as its short form. ‖ smiling ‖ Alternative form of 脘 (wǎn, “gastric cavity”)
|
|
Line 11,710: Line 14,279:
|莞 • (gwan, wan) · 莞 • (gwan, wan) (hangeul 관, 완, revised gwan, wan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, wan, Yale kwan, wan)
|莞 • (gwan, wan) · 莞 • (gwan, wan) (hangeul 관, 완, revised gwan, wan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, wan, Yale kwan, wan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hoàn
|
|
|莞
|莞
|-
|-
|莠
|莠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : yuwX
|Setaria viridis (green foxtail, green bristlegrass, wild foxtail millet) • (figurative) bad (one)
|Setaria viridis (green foxtail, green bristlegrass, wild foxtail millet) • (figurative) bad (one)
|
|
|
|
|莠 • (yu) · 莠 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|莠 • (yu) · 莠 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,724: Line 14,296:
|-
|-
|莢
|莢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Middle-Chinese : kep
|pods of leguminous plants • (Hokkien) Classifier for pod of legumes. • (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for bananas.
|pods of leguminous plants • (Hokkien) Classifier for pod of legumes. • (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for bananas.
|
|
Line 11,730: Line 14,303:
|莢 (eumhun 꼬투리 협 (kkoturi hyeop))
|莢 (eumhun 꼬투리 협 (kkoturi hyeop))
|pod (of soybean) • Lespedeza cuneata
|pod (of soybean) • Lespedeza cuneata
|
|
|
|莢
|莢
|-
|-
|菁
|菁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshenn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshinn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsleŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshenn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshinn • Middle-Chinese : tsjeng
|(literary, obsolete) garlic chive flowers (Allium tuberosum) • (literary, obsolete) flowers • Brassica • Used in 菁菁 (jīngjīng, “luxuriant”). • (Southern Min) betel nut • (Eastern Min) common reed
|(literary, obsolete) garlic chive flowers (Allium tuberosum) • (literary, obsolete) flowers • Brassica • Used in 菁菁 (jīngjīng, “luxuriant”). • (Southern Min) betel nut • (Eastern Min) common reed
|
|
Line 11,740: Line 14,315:
|菁 • (cheong) · 菁 • (cheong) (hangeul 청, revised cheong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏng, Yale cheng)
|菁 • (cheong) · 菁 • (cheong) (hangeul 청, revised cheong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏng, Yale cheng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thanh • Hán-Nôm : tinh
|
|
|菁
|菁
|-
|-
|菅
|菅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːn) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn) – a type of grass.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Middle-Chinese : kaen
|^† a variety of grass • a surname
|^† a variety of grass • a surname
| ‖ 菅(すげ) or 菅(スゲ) • (suge) ‖ 菅(すが) • (suga) ‖ 菅(すが) • (Suga) ‖ 菅(かん) • (kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?) ‖ 菅(かん) • (Kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?)
| ‖ 菅(すげ) or 菅(スゲ) • (suge) ‖ 菅(すが) • (suga) ‖ 菅(すが) • (Suga) ‖ 菅(かん) • (kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?) ‖ 菅(かん) • (Kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?)
Line 11,750: Line 14,327:
|菅 • (gwan) · 菅 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|菅 • (gwan) · 菅 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gian
|
|
|菅
|菅
|-
|-
|菰
|菰
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷaː) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 孤 (OC *kʷaː).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : ku
|Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)
|Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)
|
|
Line 11,760: Line 14,339:
|菰 • (go) · 菰 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|菰 • (go) · 菰 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cô
|
|
|菰
|菰
|-
|-
|菴
|菸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ
| ‖
|Only used in 菴藹／菴蔼.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Middle-Chinese : 'joH • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ
|
|to fade; to wither; to wilt ‖ a kind of smelly grass
|hermitage
|菴 (eum 암 (am))
|
|
|
|菴
|-
|菸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ
|to fade; to wither; to wilt ‖ a kind of smelly grass
|
|
|
|
Line 11,784: Line 14,356:
|-
|-
|菽
|菽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯwɢ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nuk (“bean, eye”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *(s-)nok (“bean”) (whence Burmese ပဲနောက် (pai:nauk, “bean”), Lahu nɔ̂ʔ, etc.), Jingpho nòʔ.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : syuwk
|beans and peas collectively; pulse; legume
|beans and peas collectively; pulse; legume
|
|
Line 11,790: Line 14,363:
|菽 • (suk) · 菽 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk)
|菽 • (suk) · 菽 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk)
|beans, peas (literary)
|beans, peas (literary)
|
|
|
|菽
|菽
|-
|-
|萃
|萃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzwijH
|to gather; to collect; to assemble • gathering; group • to stop; to halt • Alternative form of 悴 (cuì)
|to gather; to collect; to assemble • gathering; group • to stop; to halt • Alternative form of 悴 (cuì)
|
|
Line 11,800: Line 14,375:
|萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) · 萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) (hangeul 췌, 취, 채, revised chwe, chwi, chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'we, ch'wi, ch'ae, Yale chwey, chwi, chay)
|萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) · 萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) (hangeul 췌, 취, 채, revised chwe, chwi, chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'we, ch'wi, ch'ae, Yale chwey, chwi, chay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tụy • Hán-Nôm : tuỵ
|
|
|萃
|萃
|-
|-
|萊
|萊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâi
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâi • Middle-Chinese : loj • Middle-Chinese : lojH
|goosefoot • weed (wild grass) • fallow field • (historical) an ancient Dongyi state conquered by Qi
|goosefoot • weed (wild grass) • fallow field • (historical) an ancient Dongyi state conquered by Qi
|
|
|goosefoot • overgrown field
|goosefoot • overgrown field
|萊 (eumhun 명아주 래 (myeong'aju rae), South Korea 명아주 내 (myeong'aju nae))
|萊 (eumhun 명아주 래 (myeong'aju rae), word-initial (South Korea) 명아주 내 (myeong'aju nae))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lai • Hán-Nôm : lài
|
|
|萊
|萊
|-
|-
|萋
|萋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshej
|(of vegetation) luxuriant; lush; abundant • Used in 萋斐.
|(of vegetation) luxuriant; lush; abundant • Used in 萋斐.
|
|
|
|
|萋 • (cheo) · 萋 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che)
|萋 • (cheo) · 萋 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,824: Line 14,404:
|-
|-
|萱
|萱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷan) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 宣 (OC *sqʰon).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjwon
|^† daylily (Hemerocallis flava) • ^† mother
|^† daylily (Hemerocallis flava) • ^† mother
|
|
Line 11,830: Line 14,411:
|萱 (eum 훤 (hwon))
|萱 (eum 훤 (hwon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hiên • Hán-Nôm : huyên
|
|
|萱
|萱
|-
|-
|萵
|萵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qloːl) : semantic 艹 (“herbage”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : meh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : meh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o
|lettuce
|lettuce
Line 11,840: Line 14,423:
|萵 • (wa) · 萵 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa)
|萵 • (wa) · 萵 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : oa
|
|
|萵
|萵
|-
|-
|萸
|萸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yu
|Only used in 茱萸 (zhūyú).
|Only used in 茱萸 (zhūyú).
|
|
|
|
|萸 • (yu) · 萸 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|萸 • (yu) · 萸 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,854: Line 14,440:
|-
|-
|萼
|萼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngak
|calyx
|calyx
| ‖ 萼(がく) • (gaku) ‖ 萼(うてな) • (utena)
| ‖ 萼(がく) • (gaku) ‖ 萼(うてな) • (utena)
|calyx • cup ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals) ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals)
|calyx • cup ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals) ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals)
|萼 • (ak) · 萼 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)
|萼 • (ak) · 萼 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,864: Line 14,452:
|-
|-
|葦
|葦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯlʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯlʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hjw+jX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ
|^⁜ reed; rush ‖ Alternative form of 緯／纬 (wěi, “to weave”)
|^⁜ reed; rush ‖ Alternative form of 緯／纬 (wěi, “to weave”)
|
|
Line 11,870: Line 14,459:
|葦 • (wi) · 葦 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|葦 • (wi) · 葦 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|reed
|reed
|canonical : 葦: Hán Việt readings: vy • canonical : vĩ 葦: Nôm readings: vi
|chữ Hán form of vy (“reed”).
|chữ Hán form of vy (“reed”).
|葦
|葦
|-
|-
|葩
|葩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha
|Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːr (“bloom, flower”); compare Burmese ပန်း (pan:) or Zaiwa pan²¹. Probably the same etymon as 瓣 (OC *breːns, “petal”) (Schusessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha • Middle-Chinese : phae
|^† flower • ^† beautiful • (Southern Min) Classifier for lamps. • (Southern Min) Classifier for things that are strung together.
|^† flower • ^† beautiful • (Southern Min) Classifier for lamps. • (Southern Min) Classifier for things that are strung together.
|
|
Line 11,880: Line 14,471:
|葩 (eum 파 (pa))
|葩 (eum 파 (pa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ba
|
|
|葩
|葩
|-
|-
|葱
|葱
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰloːŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 怱 (OC *sʰloːŋ).
|
|
|
|
Line 11,889: Line 14,482:
|leek • scallion, green onion ‖ scallion, leek
|leek • scallion, green onion ‖ scallion, leek
|葱 • (chong) · 葱 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)
|葱 • (chong) · 葱 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,894: Line 14,488:
|-
|-
|葷
|葷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ
|(Buddhism) strong-smelling vegetables, such as spring onion, garlic and garlic chives • meat or fish dishes (as opposed to vegetarian dishes) • (figurative) low-class; obscene; vulgar; dirty ‖ Only used in 葷粥／荤粥 and 葷鬻／荤鬻.
|(Buddhism) strong-smelling vegetables, such as spring onion, garlic and garlic chives • meat or fish dishes (as opposed to vegetarian dishes) • (figurative) low-class; obscene; vulgar; dirty ‖ Only used in 葷粥／荤粥 and 葷鬻／荤鬻.
|
|
Line 11,900: Line 14,495:
|葷 • (hun) · 葷 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
|葷 • (hun) · 葷 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
|meat diet • strong smelling
|meat diet • strong smelling
|Hán-Nôm : huân • Hán-Nôm : hôi
|
|
|葷
|葷
|-
|-
|蒐
|蒐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Middle-Chinese : srjuw
|(literary) madder (Rubia cordifolia) • (literary) to hunt in spring (or autumn) • (archaic) to review troops • (archaic) to conceal; to hide • (alt. form 搜) to gather; to collect; to assemble • (alt. form 搜) to seek; to look for; to search for
|(literary) madder (Rubia cordifolia) • (literary) to hunt in spring (or autumn) • (archaic) to review troops • (archaic) to conceal; to hide • (alt. form 搜) to gather; to collect; to assemble • (alt. form 搜) to seek; to look for; to search for
|
|
Line 11,910: Line 14,507:
|蒐 • (su) · 蒐 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|蒐 • (su) · 蒐 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sưu • Hán-Nôm : cói
|
|
|蒐
|蒐
|-
|-
|蒞
|蒞
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁶
|to attend; to arrive (in an official function or ceremony) • to manage
|to attend; to arrive (in an official function or ceremony) • to manage
Line 11,919: Line 14,518:
|
|
|蒞 • (ri>i) · 蒞 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|蒞 • (ri>i) · 蒞 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,924: Line 14,524:
|-
|-
|蒿
|蒿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : er
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : er • Middle-Chinese : xaw
|Artemisia (mugwort; wormwood; sagebrush) • (in compounds) an Artemisia-like plant • evaporating; emitting (scents) • Alternative form of 耗 (“to consume; to use up”) • Used in 蒿目. • a surname: Hao
|Artemisia (mugwort; wormwood; sagebrush) • (in compounds) an Artemisia-like plant • evaporating; emitting (scents) • Alternative form of 耗 (“to consume; to use up”) • Used in 蒿目. • a surname: Hao
|
|
Line 11,930: Line 14,531:
|蒿 (eumhun 쑥 호 (ssuk ho))
|蒿 (eumhun 쑥 호 (ssuk ho))
|mugwort
|mugwort
|canonical : 蒿: Hán Việt readings: hao 蒿: Nôm readings: khao
|chữ Hán form of hao (“artemisia”). • Nôm form of khao (“garland chrysanthemum”).
|chữ Hán form of hao (“artemisia”). • Nôm form of khao (“garland chrysanthemum”).
|蒿
|蒿
|-
|-
|蓀
|蓀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *suːn) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 孫 (OC *suːn).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹ • Middle-Chinese : swon
|(literary) sweet flag (Acorus) • Used in 溪蓀／溪荪.
|(literary) sweet flag (Acorus) • Used in 溪蓀／溪荪.
|
|
|
|
|蓀 • (so) · 蓀 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|蓀 • (so) · 蓀 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,944: Line 14,548:
|-
|-
|蓆
|蓆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k
|See 席 (OC *ljaːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Middle-Chinese : zjek
|woven mat made of bamboo strips or grass
|woven mat made of bamboo strips or grass
|
|
|
|
|蓆 • (seok) · 蓆 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|蓆 • (seok) · 蓆 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,954: Line 14,560:
|-
|-
|蓓
|蓓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Middle-Chinese : bojX
|Only used in 蓓蕾 (bèilěi, “flower bud”).
|Only used in 蓓蕾 (bèilěi, “flower bud”).
|
|
|
|
|蓓 • (bae) · 蓓 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|蓓 • (bae) · 蓓 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,964: Line 14,572:
|-
|-
|蔔
|蔔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ta̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 匐 (OC *bɯːɡ, *bɯɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ta̍k • Middle-Chinese : bok
|carrot
|carrot
|
|
Line 11,970: Line 14,579:
|蔔 • (bok) · 蔔 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|蔔 • (bok) · 蔔 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bặc • Hán-Nôm : bốc
|
|
|蔔
|蔔
|-
|-
|蔣
|蔣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjang
|A Warring States-era state in modern-day Henan, China • a surname • Alternative form of 獎／奖 (jiǎng) ‖ Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)
|A Warring States-era state in modern-day Henan, China • a surname • Alternative form of 獎／奖 (jiǎng) ‖ Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)
|
|
Line 11,980: Line 14,591:
|蔣 • (jang) · 蔣 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|蔣 • (jang) · 蔣 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia, or Hydropyrum latifolium)
|Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia, or Hydropyrum latifolium)
|Hán-Nôm : tưởng
|
|
|蔣
|蔣
|-
|-
|蔭
|蔭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯms) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 陰 (OC *qrɯm). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯms) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 陰 (OC *qrɯm). ‖
|shade of a tree; shadow • a surname ‖ without sunlight, cool and wet • to hide from view; to conceal; to cover • to protect; to shelter • favor from one's ancestors • (obsolete) cellar, darkroom
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'imH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìm • Middle-Chinese : 'imH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg
|shade of a tree; shadow • a surname ‖ without sunlight, cool and wet • to hide from view; to conceal; to cover • to protect; to shelter • favor from one's ancestors • (obsolete) cellar, darkroom ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 影
| ‖ 蔭(いん) • (in) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on)
| ‖ 蔭(いん) • (in) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on)
| ‖ shade of the tree; shadow of the sun • backing; assistance; shelter • (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) under the Ritsuryō system,
| ‖ shade of the tree; shadow of the sun • backing; assistance; shelter • (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) under the Ritsuryō system,
|蔭 • (eum) · 蔭 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
|蔭 • (eum) · 蔭 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 11,994: Line 14,608:
|-
|-
|蕃
|蕃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pan, *ban) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 番 (OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban). \ The same word as 繁 (OC *ban). Cognate with Tibetan དཔལ (dpal, “glory; splendor; abundance; magnificence”) (Unger, 1986). ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huan • Middle-Chinese : pjon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³
|(literary) luxuriant; lush • (literary) abundant; numerous • (literary) to breed; to multiply; to proliferate ‖ Alternative form of 藩 (“to shield; to protect”) ‖ Alternative form of 番 (“foreign”) ‖ Only used in 吐蕃 (Tǔbō, “(historical) Tibet”) and 土蕃 (“(historical) Tibet”).
|(literary) luxuriant; lush • (literary) abundant; numerous • (literary) to breed; to multiply; to proliferate ‖ Alternative form of 藩 (“to shield; to protect”) ‖ Alternative form of 番 (“foreign”) ‖ Only used in 吐蕃 (Tǔbō, “(historical) Tibet”) and 土蕃 (“(historical) Tibet”).
| ‖ 蕃(ばん) • (ban) ^(←ばん (ban)?)
| ‖ 蕃(ばん) • (ban) ^(←ばん (ban)?)
Line 12,000: Line 14,615:
|蕃 • (beon) · 蕃 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen)
|蕃 • (beon) · 蕃 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phen • Hán-Nôm : phên • Hán-Nôm : phiên
|
|
|蕃
|蕃
|-
|-
|蕙
|蕙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷiːds) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 惠 (OC *ɢʷiːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hwejH
|orchid
|orchid
|
|
Line 12,010: Line 14,627:
|蕙 • (hye) · 蕙 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey)
|蕙 • (hye) · 蕙 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey)
|
|
|canonical : 蕙: Hán Việt readings: huệ 蕙: Nôm readings: huệ
|chữ Hán form of huệ (“tuberose, a species of fragrant white flower”).
|chữ Hán form of huệ (“tuberose, a species of fragrant white flower”).
|蕙
|蕙
|-
|-
|蕨
|蕨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³
|Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan སྐྱས་མ (skyas ma) ~ སྐྱེས་མ (skyes ma, “fern”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot
|bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)
|bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)
| ‖ 蕨(わらび) or 蕨(ワラビ) • (warabi) ‖ 蕨(わらび) • (Warabi)
| ‖ 蕨(わらび) or 蕨(ワラビ) • (warabi) ‖ 蕨(わらび) • (Warabi)
| ‖ bracken (any of several coarse ferns) ‖ Warabi (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)
| ‖ bracken (any of several coarse ferns) ‖ Warabi (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)
|蕨 • (gwol) · 蕨 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel)
|蕨 • (gwol) · 蕨 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,024: Line 14,644:
|-
|-
|蕩
|蕩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Middle-Chinese : dangX • Middle-Chinese : thangH
|to sway; to swing • (literary, or in compounds) to wash away; to cleanse • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away; to eliminate • to wander; to roam • (literary, or in compounds) vast and wide; broad and expansive • (literary, or in compounds) flat; level; smooth • (literary, or in compounds) unconstrained and doing whatever one wants
|to sway; to swing • (literary, or in compounds) to wash away; to cleanse • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away; to eliminate • to wander; to roam • (literary, or in compounds) vast and wide; broad and expansive • (literary, or in compounds) flat; level; smooth • (literary, or in compounds) unconstrained and doing whatever one wants
|
|
|
|
|蕩 (eumhun 방탕할 탕 (bangtanghal tang))
|蕩 (eumhun 방탕할 탕 (bangtanghal tang))
|Hanja form of 탕 (“wander”).
|hanja form of 탕 (“wander”)
|Hán-Nôm : đãng • Hán-Nôm : đảng • Hán-Nôm : đẵng • Hán-Nôm : thững • Hán-Nôm : dãng • Hán-Nôm : vảng
|
|
|蕩
|蕩
|-
|-
|蕪
|蕪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Middle-Chinese : mju
|full of weed; overgrown with weed [from Old Chinese] • disused cropland; thickly-grown grassland; weed-choked land [from Old Chinese] • (figurative) of a turgid literary style [from Middle Chinese]
|full of weed; overgrown with weed [from Old Chinese] • disused cropland; thickly-grown grassland; weed-choked land [from Old Chinese] • (figurative) of a turgid literary style [from Middle Chinese]
| ‖ 蕪(かぶ) • (kabu) ‖ 蕪(かぶら) • (kabura)
| ‖ 蕪(かぶ) • (kabu) ‖ 蕪(かぶら) • (kabura)
Line 12,040: Line 14,663:
|蕪 • (mu) · 蕪 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|蕪 • (mu) · 蕪 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vu
|
|
|蕪
|蕪
|-
|-
|蕭
|蕭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sew
|(obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi) • desolate; bleak • (obsolete) Alternative form of 肅／肃 (“respectful”) • (～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui) • (～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China) • a surname
|(obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi) • desolate; bleak • (obsolete) Alternative form of 肅／肃 (“respectful”) • (～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui) • (～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China) • a surname
|
|
Line 12,050: Line 14,675:
|蕭 • (so) · 蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|蕭 • (so) · 蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiêu
|
|
|蕭
|蕭
|-
|-
|薑
|薑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang
|Originally 䕬, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ). \ Note that the simplified form 姜 (OC *klaŋ) is also a traditional character on its own. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kjaŋ (“ginger”). Compare Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang • Middle-Chinese : kjang
|ginger
|ginger
|
|
Line 12,060: Line 14,687:
|薑 • (gang) · 薑 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|薑 • (gang) · 薑 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gừng • Hán-Nôm : khương • Hán-Nôm : cưng ‖
| ‖ Nôm form of gừng (“ginger”).
| ‖ Nôm form of gừng (“ginger”).
|薑
|薑
|-
|-
|薔
|薔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ
|;Etymology 1 \ ;Etymology 2 ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Middle-Chinese : srik
|Only used in 薔薇／蔷薇 (qiángwēi). ‖ (obsolete) hydropiper (Persicaria hydropiper) • a surname
|Only used in 薔薇／蔷薇 (qiángwēi). ‖ (obsolete) hydropiper (Persicaria hydropiper) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|薔 (eumhun 장미 장 (jangmi jang)) ‖ 薔 (eumhun 물여뀌 색 (muryeokkwi saek))
|薔 (eumhun 장미 장 (jangmi jang)) ‖ 薔 (eumhun 물여뀌 색 (muryeokkwi saek))
|Hanja form of 장 (“rose”). ‖ Hanja form of 색 (“hydropiper”).
|hanja form of 장 (“rose”) ‖ hanja form of 색 (“hydropiper”)
|Hán-Nôm : tường • Hán-Nôm : sắc
|
|
|薔
|薔
|-
|-
|薛
|薛
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Middle-Chinese : sjet
|kind of marsh grass • name of a feudal state • a surname
|kind of marsh grass • name of a feudal state • a surname
|
|
Line 12,080: Line 14,711:
|薛 • (seol) · 薛 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel)
|薛 • (seol) · 薛 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel)
|
|
|canonical : 薛: Hán Việt readings: tiết • canonical : tuyết 薛: Nôm readings: tiết
|
|
|薛
|薛
|-
|-
|薜
|薜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Middle-Chinese : bejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ • Middle-Chinese : peak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ
|Used in 薜荔 (bìlì) and 薜羅／薜罗. • ^‡ type of grass • a surname. ‖ Angelica sinensis (type of medicinal herb) • mountain hemp (Ribes manshuricum) ‖ Alternative form of 劈 (“to rupture”) ‖ ^‡ type of aquatic plant ‖ Alternative form of 僻 (“remote; secluded”)
|Used in 薜荔 (bìlì) and 薜羅／薜罗. • ^‡ type of grass • a surname. ‖ Angelica sinensis (type of medicinal herb) • mountain hemp (Ribes manshuricum) ‖ Alternative form of 劈 (“to rupture”) ‖ ^‡ type of aquatic plant ‖ Alternative form of 僻 (“remote; secluded”)
|
|
Line 12,090: Line 14,723:
|薜 • (byeok, pye) · 薜 • (byeok, pye) (hangeul 벽, 폐, revised byeok, pye, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, p'ye, Yale pyek, phyey)
|薜 • (byeok, pye) · 薜 • (byeok, pye) (hangeul 벽, 폐, revised byeok, pye, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, p'ye, Yale pyek, phyey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bệ
|
|
|薜
|薜
|-
|薦
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and jiajie (假借) : 艸 (“grass”) + 廌 (“wild beast”) - "pasture". Later borrowed for sound to mean "recommend".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiān • Middle-Chinese : tsenH
|to offer; to present • to recommend; to suggest; to endorse • (literary) to sacrifice • (literary) sacrifice; offering • (alt. form 荐) fodder grass • (alt. form 荐) straw mat • (alt. form 荐) repeatedly • (anatomy) Alternative name for 骶 (dǐ, “sacrum”).
|
|recommend, advise • mat
|薦 • (cheon) · 薦 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiến
|
|薦
|-
|-
|薩
|薩
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat
|Evolved from some variant of 薛. \ The surname originated from the Hui artist 薩都剌 (Sadula) in Yuan dynasty and was clipping of his original name.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : sat
|Short for 菩薩／菩萨 (púsà). • a surname
|Short for 菩薩／菩萨 (púsà). • a surname
| ‖ 薩(さつ) • (satsu) ^(←さつ (satu)?)
| ‖ 薩(さつ) • (satsu) ^(←さつ (satu)?)
Line 12,100: Line 14,747:
|薩 • (sal) · 薩 • (sal) (hangeul 살, revised sal, McCune–Reischauer sal, Yale sal)
|薩 • (sal) · 薩 • (sal) (hangeul 살, revised sal, McCune–Reischauer sal, Yale sal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tát
|
|
|薩
|薩
|-
|薰
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun, *qʰuns) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun • Middle-Chinese : xjunH
|fragrance of flowers • coumarou, tonka bean • (Min) cigarette; smoke (Classifier: 支 mn) • to smoke • to cauterize
|
|smoke • scent • parfume • smolder
|薰 • (hun) · 薰 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
|
|Hán-Nôm : huân
|
|薰
|-
|-
|藐
|藐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biáu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mawʔ, *mraːwɢ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 貌 (OC *mreːwɢs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biáu • Middle-Chinese : mjiewX • Middle-Chinese : maewk
|^† small; young • ^† to look down on; to think little of • ^† Alternative form of 邈 (miǎo, “faraway; distant”)
|^† small; young • ^† to look down on; to think little of • ^† Alternative form of 邈 (miǎo, “faraway; distant”)
|
|
Line 12,110: Line 14,771:
|藐 • (myo) · 藐 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo)
|藐 • (myo) · 藐 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : miểu • Hán-Nôm : diểu
|
|
|藐
|藐
|-
|-
|藪
|藪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo • Middle-Chinese : suwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³
|shallow lake overgrown with wild plants • gathering place ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “nest; den; home”) (chiefly used in place names.)
|shallow lake overgrown with wild plants • gathering place ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “nest; den; home”) (chiefly used in place names.)
| ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (yabu) ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (Yabu)
| ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (yabu) ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (Yabu)
|thicket, grove, copse • collection ‖ a thicket, grove, copse (as of trees, shrubs, or bamboo) • Short for 藪医者 (yabu isha): a poor doctor • Short for 藪入り (yabuiri): a holiday granted to servants on the 16th day of the first and seventh months • Short for 藪睨み (yabunirami): a squint; a misguided thinking or view • Short for 藪蕎麦 (yabusoba): a type of soba made from green buckwheat without the endocarp removed; a shop selling soba in this method ‖ a surname
|thicket, grove, copse • collection ‖ a thicket, grove, copse (as of trees, shrubs, or bamboo) • Short for 藪医者 (yabu isha): a poor doctor • Short for 藪入り (yabuiri): a holiday granted to servants on the 16th day of the first and seventh months • Short for 藪睨み (yabunirami): a squint; a misguided thinking or view • Short for 藪蕎麦 (yabusoba): a type of soba made from green buckwheat without the endocarp removed; a shop selling soba in this method ‖ a surname
|藪 • (su) · 藪 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|藪 • (su) · 藪 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,124: Line 14,788:
|-
|-
|藹
|藹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ái
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ái • Middle-Chinese : 'ajH
|amiable; nice; kind • (literary) lush; exuberant • a surname
|amiable; nice; kind • (literary) lush; exuberant • a surname
|
|
|
|
|藹 • (ae) · 藹 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|藹 • (ae) · 藹 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,134: Line 14,800:
|-
|-
|藺
|藺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Middle-Chinese : linH
|(obsolete) common rush; soft rush • a surname
|(obsolete) common rush; soft rush • a surname
| ‖ 藺(い) • (i) ^(←ゐ (wi)?)
| ‖ 藺(い) • (i) ^(←ゐ (wi)?)
|rush, used for tatami covers ‖ a bulrush, a rush (plant)
|rush, used for tatami covers ‖ a bulrush, a rush
|藺 • (rin>in) · 藺 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|藺 • (rin>in) · 藺 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lận
|
|
|藺
|藺
|-
|-
|蘆
|蘆
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : lu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Middle-Chinese : ljo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ
|reed • root of shepherd's purse • Used in 蘆菔／芦菔 (lúfú). • Used in 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu). • a surname ‖ Only used in 漏蘆／漏芦 (lòulú). ‖ Only used in 油葫蘆／油葫芦 (yóuhúlú).
|reed • root of shepherd's purse • Used in 蘆菔／芦菔 (lúfú). • Used in 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu). • a surname ‖ Only used in 漏蘆／漏芦 (lòulú). ‖ Only used in 油葫蘆／油葫芦 (yóuhúlú).
|
|
Line 12,150: Line 14,819:
|蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) · 蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) (hangeul 로, 노, 여, revised ro, no, yeo, McCune–Reischauer ro, no, yŏ, Yale lo, no, ye)
|蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) · 蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) (hangeul 로, 노, 여, revised ro, no, yeo, McCune–Reischauer ro, no, yŏ, Yale lo, no, ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lô • Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lựa • Hán-Nôm : tuấn
|
|
|蘆
|蘆
|-
|-
|蘊
|蘊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quns) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 縕. \ Compare 韞／韫 (yùn). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ùn • Middle-Chinese : 'jun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹
|(literary) to accumulate; to hold in store; to contain • (literary) profoundness; profundity • (Buddhism) skandha ‖ mare's tail, water plants of the genus Hippuris
|(literary) to accumulate; to hold in store; to contain • (literary) profoundness; profundity • (Buddhism) skandha ‖ mare's tail, water plants of the genus Hippuris
| ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(おさむ) • (Osamu) ^(←をさむ (wosamu)?)
| ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(おさむ) • (Osamu) ^(←をさむ (wosamu)?)
Line 12,160: Line 14,831:
|蘊 • (on) · 蘊 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on)
|蘊 • (on) · 蘊 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : uẩn • Hán-Nôm : uẫn
|
|
|蘊
|蘊
|-
|-
|蘋
|蘋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pông ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pông ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin
|Used in 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). • Used in 蘋婆／苹婆 (píngpó, “Chinese chestnut”). ‖ water clover, clover fern (family Marsileaceae)
|Used in 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). • Used in 蘋婆／苹婆 (píngpó, “Chinese chestnut”). ‖ water clover, clover fern (family Marsileaceae)
|
|
Line 12,170: Line 14,843:
|蘋 • (bin) · 蘋 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|蘋 • (bin) · 蘋 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tần • Hán-Nôm : tằn • Hán-Nôm : thài
|
|
|蘋
|蘋
|-
|-
|蘚
|蘚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin² • Middle-Chinese : sjenX
|lichen, moss
|lichen, moss
|
|
Line 12,180: Line 14,855:
|蘚 • (seon) · 蘚 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|蘚 • (seon) · 蘚 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiển
|
|
|蘚
|蘚
|-
|-
|蘸
|蘸
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam² ‖  
|Unknown. ‖ Vernacular reading of 染 (MC nyemX, “to dye; to be stained with”) (Bai, 2003). ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm • Middle-Chinese : tsreamH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam² ‖  
|to dip in; to submerge in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Cantonese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Taishanese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.)
|to dip in; to submerge in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Cantonese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Taishanese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,194: Line 14,872:
|-
|-
|蘿
|蘿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Middle-Chinese : la
|(botany) creeping or trailing plants
|(botany) creeping or trailing plants
| ‖ 蘿(かげ) • (kage)
| ‖ 蘿(かげ) • (kage)
Line 12,200: Line 14,879:
|蘿 • (ra>na) · 蘿 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|蘿 • (ra>na) · 蘿 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : lá
|leaf
|leaf
|蘿
|蘿
|-
|-
|虔
|虔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiân ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian
|According to the Shuowen Jiezi, Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡren) : phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn) + semantic 虍. \ According to Li Xueqin (2012), the phonetic component is instead 虍 (OC *qʰaː). ‖
|reverent; devout; pious; respectful; sincere • (obsolete) looking like a tiger walking; strong; powerful • ^† to kill; to slaughter; to murder • ^† to plunder; to loot; to seize • a surname ‖ (chiefly Quanzhou Hokkien) Alternative form of 堅／坚 (“to congeal; to encrust”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiân • Middle-Chinese : gjen ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian
|reverent; devout; pious; respectful; sincere • (obsolete) looking like a tiger walking; strong; powerful • ^† to kill; to slaughter; to murder • ^† to plunder; to loot; to seize • a surname ‖ (chiefly Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Alternative form of 堅／坚 (“to congeal; to encrust”)
|
|
|respect
|respect
|虔 (eumhun 공경할 건 (gonggyeonghal geon))
|虔 (eumhun 공경할 건 (gonggyeonghal geon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiền
|
|
|虔
|虔
|-
|-
|虚
|虚
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|emptiness, void • falsehood, lie
|emptiness, void • falsehood, lie
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,224: Line 14,908:
|-
|-
|虧
|虧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷral) : phonetic 雐 (OC *qʰʷlaː) + semantic 亏 (“exhale”). \ ; “quecto-”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khjwe
|to lose; to suffer losses • to be lacking; to be deficient • to treat unfairly • luckily; it is fortunate that; thanks to • used to show irony with a note of reproach • (Cantonese) weak; unhealthy • (Cantonese) not very functional; easy to break • (Mainland China) quecto- (SI unit prefix)
|to lose; to suffer losses • to be lacking; to be deficient • to treat unfairly • luckily; it is fortunate that; thanks to • used to show irony with a note of reproach • (Cantonese) weak; unhealthy • (Cantonese) not very functional; easy to break • (Mainland China) quecto- (SI unit prefix)
|
|
Line 12,230: Line 14,915:
|虧 • (hyu) · 虧 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)
|虧 • (hyu) · 虧 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)
|lose, fail • damage • deficient
|lose, fail • damage • deficient
|Hán-Nôm : khuy • Hán-Nôm : khuya • Hán-Nôm : khuây
|
|
|虧
|虧
|-
|-
|虱
|虱
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,239: Line 14,926:
|louse ‖ a sucking louse, especially the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis)
|louse ‖ a sucking louse, especially the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis)
|虱 • (seul) · 虱 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)
|虱 • (seul) · 虱 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,244: Line 14,932:
|-
|-
|蚕
|蚕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ
|
|Only used in 蜸蚕／𰲮蚕 (qiǎntiǎn, “earthworm”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : thenX
|Only used in 蜸蚕 (qiǎntiǎn, “earthworm”).
| ‖ 蚕(かいこ) or 蚕(カイコ) • (kaiko) ^(←かひこ (kafiko)?) ‖ 蚕(こ) • (ko)
| ‖ 蚕(かいこ) or 蚕(カイコ) • (kaiko) ^(←かひこ (kafiko)?) ‖ 蚕(こ) • (ko)
|silkworm ‖ the silkworm (Bombyx mori) • the larva of a silkworm • sericulture • (slang, used by criminals) silk (of clothing) ‖ (obsolete) silkworm
|silkworm ‖ the silkworm (Bombyx mori) • the larva of a silkworm • sericulture • (slang, used by criminals) silk (of clothing) ‖ (obsolete) silkworm
|蚕 • (cheon, jam) · 蚕 • (cheon, jam) (hangeul 천, 잠, revised cheon, jam, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, cham, Yale chen, cam)
|蚕 • (cheon, jam) · 蚕 • (cheon, jam) (hangeul 천, 잠, revised cheon, jam, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, cham, Yale chen, cam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,254: Line 14,944:
|-
|-
|蚩
|蚩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhi
|(literary) ignorant; stupid; rude; rustic • (literary) Alternative form of 媸 (chī, “ugly”) • (literary) Alternative form of 嗤 (chī, “to jeer at; to sneer”) • ^‡ a kind of worm (Shuowen) • a surname
|(literary) ignorant; stupid; rude; rustic • (literary) Alternative form of 媸 (chī, “ugly”) • (literary) Alternative form of 嗤 (chī, “to jeer at; to sneer”) • ^‡ a kind of worm (Shuowen) • a surname
|
|
Line 12,260: Line 14,951:
|蚩 • (chi) · 蚩 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|蚩 • (chi) · 蚩 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : si • Hán-Nôm : xi
|
|
|蚩
|蚩
|-
|-
|蚱
|蚱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsà
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsà • Middle-Chinese : tsraek
|Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), etc.
|Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), etc.
|
|
|
|
|蚱 (eum 책 (chaek))
|蚱 (eum 책 (chaek))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,274: Line 14,968:
|-
|-
|蚶
|蚶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ham
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢaːm, *ɢaːm) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ham • Middle-Chinese : xam
|ark clam
|ark clam
|
|
|ark shell
|ark shell
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,284: Line 14,980:
|-
|-
|蛆
|蛆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsa, *sʰa) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshjo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjo
|maggot • (figurative, derogatory) despicable person • (Southern Min, Puxian Min) wriggler; wiggler; mosquito larva • (Taiwan, neologism, slang, derogatory) supporters of Kuomintang (KMT) ‖ Only used in 蝍蛆 (jíjū).
|maggot • (figurative, derogatory) despicable person • (Southern Min, Puxian Min) wriggler; wiggler; mosquito larva • (Taiwan, neologism, slang, derogatory) supporters of Kuomintang (KMT) ‖ Only used in 蝍蛆 (jíjū).
|
|
|
|
|蛆 (eum 저 (jeo))
|蛆 (eum 저 (jeo))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,294: Line 14,992:
|-
|-
|蛔
|蛔
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê
|Used in 蛔蟲／蛔虫 (huíchóng). • tapeworm • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, derogatory) Muslim
|Used in 蛔蟲／蛔虫 (huíchóng). • tapeworm • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, derogatory) Muslim
Line 12,300: Line 14,999:
|蛔 • (hoe) · 蛔 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|蛔 • (hoe) · 蛔 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hồi
|
|
|蛔
|蛔
|-
|-
|蛟
|蛟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːw) : semantic 虫 (“creature”) + phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw). \ Possibly connected with Burmese ခြူး (hkru:, “a type of beast”) and Tibetan ཀླུ (klu, “serpent, naga”) (Schuessler, 2007). However, Schuessler (2007) notices phonological differences between Old Chinese and Written Tibetan.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew
|(～龍) (Chinese mythology) mythical flood dragon • aquatic reptile, including the soft-shelled turtle and the alligator • Alternative form of 鮫／鲛 (jiāo, “shark”)
|(～龍) (Chinese mythology) mythical flood dragon • aquatic reptile, including the soft-shelled turtle and the alligator • Alternative form of 鮫／鲛 (jiāo, “shark”)
|
|
Line 12,310: Line 15,011:
|蛟 • (gyo) · 蛟 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|蛟 • (gyo) · 蛟 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giao
|
|
|蛟
|蛟
|-
|-
|蛭
|蛭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zat⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs) \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-liːt (“leech (water-, horse-)”) (STEDT).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsyit • Middle-Chinese : trit • Middle-Chinese : tet
|leech
|leech
| ‖ 蛭(ひる) or 蛭(ヒル) • (hiru)
| ‖ 蛭(ひる) or 蛭(ヒル) • (hiru)
Line 12,320: Line 15,023:
|蛭 • (jil) · 蛭 • (jil) (hangeul 질, revised jil, McCune–Reischauer chil, Yale cil)
|蛭 • (jil) · 蛭 • (jil) (hangeul 질, revised jil, McCune–Reischauer chil, Yale cil)
|(거머리) leech
|(거머리) leech
|Hán-Nôm : điệt
|
|
|蛭
|蛭
|-
|-
|蛮
|蛮
|Simplified from 蠻 (龻 → 𰁜)
|
|
|
|
Line 12,329: Line 15,034:
|barbarian
|barbarian
|蛮 • (man) · 蛮 • (man) (hangeul 만, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|蛮 • (man) · 蛮 • (man) (hangeul 만, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,334: Line 15,040:
|-
|-
|蛹
|蛹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|(biology) pupa, chrysalis
|(biology) pupa, chrysalis
|
|
Line 12,340: Line 15,047:
|蛹 • (yong) · 蛹 • (yong) (hangeul 용)
|蛹 • (yong) · 蛹 • (yong) (hangeul 용)
|(번데기): pupa, chrysalis
|(번데기): pupa, chrysalis
|Hán-Nôm : dũng • Hán-Nôm : nhộng • Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : thuồng
|
|
|蛹
|蛹
|-
|蛻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuì ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ
|to shed; to molt; to exuviate • exuviae; skin or shell that has been cast off • to change; to metamorphose • (Taoism, Buddhism) to die; to ascend; to depart for one's next life ‖ Only used in 蚴蛻／蚴蜕.
|
|exuvia, moult
|蛻 • (se) · 蛻 • (se) (hangeul 세, revised se, McCune–Reischauer se, Yale sey)
|
|
|蛻
|-
|-
|蜃
|蜃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins) : phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn) + semantic 虫 (“insect”). \ May also be an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) , with 辰 possibly being an agricultural tool made from clam, see there for more. \ Possibly related to 辰 (OC *djɯn, “5th earthly branch; dragon”) (Schuessler, 2007); see there for more. \ Carr (1990) organizes characters in the 辰 phonetic series into two groups, one of which is "dragon", which includes 蜃 as well as 晨 (OC *djɯn, “dragon star”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐn • Middle-Chinese : dzyinX • Middle-Chinese : dzyinH
|a type of large shellfish; a type of large bivalve; clam • (mythology) the shen, a shapeshifting aquatic monster originally imagined as a clam and later as a type of dragon • (historical) ritual vessel painted with images of clam • (historical) Short for 蜃炭.
|a type of large shellfish; a type of large bivalve; clam • (mythology) the shen, a shapeshifting aquatic monster originally imagined as a clam and later as a type of dragon • (historical) ritual vessel painted with images of clam • (historical) Short for 蜃炭.
|
|
Line 12,360: Line 15,059:
|蜃 • (sin) · 蜃 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|蜃 • (sin) · 蜃 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thận • Hán-Nôm : thẩn • Hán-Nôm : thằn
|
|
|蜃
|蜃
|-
|-
|蜇
|蜇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'ed) : phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed) + semantic 虫 (“insect; creature”). \ Possibly related to 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds, “scorpion”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat • Middle-Chinese : trjet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiat
|(of bees, scorpions, etc.) to sting; to bite • to sting; to smart ‖ jellyfish
|(of bees, scorpions, etc.) to sting; to bite • to sting; to smart ‖ jellyfish
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,374: Line 15,076:
|-
|-
|蜕
|蜕
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,379: Line 15,082:
|
|
|蜕 • (se) · 蜕 • (se) (hangeul 세, revised se, McCune–Reischauer se, Yale sey)
|蜕 • (se) · 蜕 • (se) (hangeul 세, revised se, McCune–Reischauer se, Yale sey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,384: Line 15,088:
|-
|-
|蜢
|蜢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mé
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mé • Middle-Chinese : maengX
|Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), 草蜢 (cǎoměng) etc.
|Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), 草蜢 (cǎoměng) etc.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,394: Line 15,100:
|-
|-
|蜥
|蜥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : sek
|Only used in 蜥蜴 (xīyì); also used as its short form.
|Only used in 蜥蜴 (xīyì); also used as its short form.
|
|
Line 12,400: Line 15,107:
|蜥 • (seok) · 蜥 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|蜥 • (seok) · 蜥 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tích
|
|
|蜥
|蜥
|-
|-
|蜴
|蜴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yek
|Used in compounds.
|Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 12,410: Line 15,119:
|蜴 • (cheok) · 蜴 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|蜴 • (cheok) · 蜴 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dịch
|
|
|蜴
|蜴
|-
|-
|蜿
|蜿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Middle-Chinese : 'jwon • Middle-Chinese : 'wan • Middle-Chinese : 'jwonX
|
|
|
|
|meandering
|meandering
|蜿 • (won) · 蜿 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|蜿 • (won) · 蜿 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,424: Line 15,136:
|-
|-
|蝕
|蝕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h
|Same word as 食 (OC *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ, “to eat”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ From 折.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Middle-Chinese : zyik ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h
|to corrode; to erode • (astronomy) to eclipse • (Hokkien) to wane; to fade away; to regress; to dissipate ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Wu) to lose money • (Cantonese) to have struck a bad bargain; to be at a disadvantage; to lose out • (Cantonese) to wear due to constant friction
|to corrode; to erode • (astronomy) to eclipse • (Hokkien) to wane; to fade away; to regress; to dissipate ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Wu) to lose money • (Cantonese) to have struck a bad bargain; to be at a disadvantage; to lose out • (Cantonese) to wear due to constant friction
| ‖ 蝕(しょく) • (shoku)
| ‖ 蝕(しょく) • (shoku)
Line 12,430: Line 15,143:
|蝕 • (sik) · 蝕 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik)
|蝕 • (sik) · 蝕 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thực
|
|
|蝕
|蝕
|-
|-
|蝦
|蝦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : haa¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰraː, *ɡraː) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ). \ Related to 赮 (OC *ɡraː, “red”), 霞 (OC *ɡraː, “rosy clouds”), 瑕 (OC *ɡraː, “jade with some red”) (Wang, 1982). \ ;“fan of Xiao Zhan” ‖  ‖ Compare Zhuang ha (“to intimidate; to bully”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hae ‖  
|shrimp; prawn; lobster (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 尾 m mn) • to bend; to curve; to flex • (slang) fan of Xiao Zhan ‖ Only used in 蝦蟆／虾蟆. ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southwestern Mandarin, Zhongshan Min) to bully; to pick on
|shrimp; prawn; lobster (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 尾 m mn) • to bend; to curve; to flex • (slang) fan of Xiao Zhan ‖ Only used in 蝦蟆／虾蟆. ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southwestern Mandarin, Zhongshan Min) to bully; to pick on
|
|
Line 12,440: Line 15,155:
|蝦 • (ha) · 蝦 • (ha) (hangeul 하, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|蝦 • (ha) · 蝦 • (ha) (hangeul 하, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hà
|
|
|蝦
|蝦
|-
|-
|蝨
|蝨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat
|Characters in the same phonetic series (卂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sriɡ) : phonetic 卂 (OC *sins, *tods) + semantic 䖵. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ik (“louse”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Middle-Chinese : srit
|louse • (literary, figurative) parasite
|louse • (literary, figurative) parasite
| ‖ 蝨(しらみ) or 蝨(シラミ) • (shirami)
| ‖ 蝨(しらみ) or 蝨(シラミ) • (shirami)
Line 12,450: Line 15,167:
|蝨 • (seul) · 蝨 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)
|蝨 • (seul) · 蝨 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)
|
|
|canonical : 蝨: Hán Việt readings: sắt
|
|
|蝨
|蝨
|-
|-
|蝸
|蝸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːl, *kʷroːl) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kroj (“shellfish, shell”). From the same root derives 螺 (OC *roːl, “aquatic snail”). \ Perhaps related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *kloʔ (“snail, shellfish”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Middle-Chinese : kwea • Middle-Chinese : kwae
|terrestrial snail
|terrestrial snail
|
|
Line 12,460: Line 15,179:
|蝸 • (wa) · 蝸 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa)
|蝸 • (wa) · 蝸 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : oa
|
|
|蝸
|蝸
|-
|-
|螂
|螂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : long⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : long⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : ljang • Middle-Chinese : lang
|Used in compounds.
|Used in compounds.
|
|
Line 12,470: Line 15,191:
|螂 • (rang>nang) · 螂 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
|螂 • (rang>nang) · 螂 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lang
|
|
|螂
|螂
|-
|-
|螞
|螞
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹
|A prefix used in insect names. ‖ Only used in 螞蚱／蚂蚱 (màzha). ‖ Only used in 螞螂／蚂螂 (mālang).
|A prefix used in insect names. ‖ Only used in 螞蚱／蚂蚱 (màzha). ‖ Only used in 螞螂／蚂螂 (mālang).
Line 12,480: Line 15,203:
|螞 • (ma) · 螞 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|螞 • (ma) · 螞 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|(말거머리) horse-leech (Haemopis sanguisuga)
|(말거머리) horse-leech (Haemopis sanguisuga)
|
|
|
|螞
|螞
|-
|-
|螟
|螟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : meng
|
|
|
|
Line 12,491: Line 15,216:
|
|
|
|
|螟 (minh)
|螟
|螟
|-
|-
|螫
|螫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰjaːɡ) : phonetic 赦 (OC *hljaɡs) + semantic 虫 (“bug”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh • Middle-Chinese : syek
|(literary or Hokkien) to sting; to bite (of venomous insects such as spiders, bees, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use one's beak to bite or tug (of ducks, geese, etc.)
|(literary or Hokkien) to sting; to bite (of venomous insects such as spiders, bees, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use one's beak to bite or tug (of ducks, geese, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,504: Line 15,232:
|-
|-
|螳
|螳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Middle-Chinese : dang
|praying mantis
|praying mantis
|
|
|
|
|螳 • (dang) · 螳 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|螳 • (dang) · 螳 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,514: Line 15,244:
|-
|-
|螻
|螻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw
|mole cricket
|mole cricket
|
|
|
|
|螻 • (ru>nu) · 螻 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|螻 • (ru>nu) · 螻 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,524: Line 15,256:
|-
|-
|蟈
|蟈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kweak
|Alternative form of 蜮 (yù, “legendary creature that has three legs and harms humans”) ‖ frog or toad
|Alternative form of 蜮 (yù, “legendary creature that has three legs and harms humans”) ‖ frog or toad
|
|
|small green frog • cicada
|small green frog • cicada
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,534: Line 15,268:
|-
|-
|蟑
|蟑
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹
|Only used in 蟑螂 (zhāngláng).
|Only used in 蟑螂 (zhāngláng).
Line 12,540: Line 15,275:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 蟑: Hán Việt readings: chương 蟑: Nôm readings: chương
|chữ Hán form of chương (“cockroach (chương lang/蟑螂)”).
|chữ Hán form of chương (“cockroach (chương lang/蟑螂)”).
|蟑
|蟑
|-
|-
|蟒
|蟒
|Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-lja(ŋ/k) (“python”), whence Proto-Loloish *laŋ¹ (“snake”), Proto-Karen *g-laŋ (“python”) (Handel, 1997; STEDT). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ
|python ‖  
|python ‖  
Line 12,549: Line 15,286:
|
|
|蟒 • (mang) · 蟒 • (mang) (hangeul 망, revised mang, McCune–Reischauer mang, Yale mang)
|蟒 • (mang) · 蟒 • (mang) (hangeul 망, revised mang, McCune–Reischauer mang, Yale mang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,554: Line 15,292:
|-
|-
|蟬
|蟬
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm
|Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djan) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm • Middle-Chinese : dzyen
|cicada (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (literary) a type of silk as thin as a cicada's wing • (literary) cicada-shaped decoration • (literary) continuously; unendingly
|cicada (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (literary) a type of silk as thin as a cicada's wing • (literary) cicada-shaped decoration • (literary) continuously; unendingly
|
|
Line 12,560: Line 15,299:
|蟬 • (seon) · 蟬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|蟬 • (seon) · 蟬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)
|cicada
|cicada
|Hán-Nôm : thiền
|
|
|蟬
|蟬
|-
|-
|蟯
|蟯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngia̍uh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiauh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjew, *ʔŋew) : semantic 虫 (“worm”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Middle-Chinese : nyew • Middle-Chinese : 'jiew ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngia̍uh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiauh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu
|Only used in 蟯蟲／蛲虫 (náochóng). • (Hokkien) clam • (Mainland China Hokkien) bivalve-like seafood • (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) female genitalia; vulva ‖ (Hokkien) to wriggle; to squirm • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nitpick; to probe (someone's mistakes, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, humorous) to pass away; to die
|Only used in 蟯蟲／蛲虫 (náochóng). • (Hokkien) clam • (Mainland China Hokkien) bivalve-like seafood • (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) female genitalia; vulva ‖ (Hokkien) to wriggle; to squirm • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nitpick; to probe (someone's mistakes, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, humorous) to pass away; to die
|
|
|
|
|蟯 • (yo) · 蟯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|蟯 • (yo) · 蟯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,574: Line 15,316:
|-
|-
|蟹
|蟹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːʔ) : phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs) + semantic 虫. Originally written as 蠏. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”). Compare S'gaw Karen ဆွဲၣ် (hsweh̀). \ ; “to decrease in value’
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi • Middle-Chinese : heaX
|crab (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Cantonese, slang, of stocks, goods, etc.) to decrease in value, such that selling it will result in loss
|crab (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Cantonese, slang, of stocks, goods, etc.) to decrease in value, such that selling it will result in loss
| ‖ 蟹(かに) or 蟹(カニ) • (kani)
| ‖ 蟹(かに) or 蟹(カニ) • (kani)
| ‖ a crab (infraorder Brachyura)
| ‖ a crab (infraorder Brachyura)
|
|蟹 (eumhun 게 해 (ge hae))
|crab
|crab
|Hán-Nôm : giải
|
|
|蟹
|蟹
|-
|-
|蟻
|蟻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋralʔ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k/p/s-rwak.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gí • Middle-Chinese : ngjeX
|ant (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (literary) foam or sediment in wine; lees • (literary) humble; inconsiderable • (literary) black • (literary) in an assembled manner • a surname
|ant (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (literary) foam or sediment in wine; lees • (literary) humble; inconsiderable • (literary) black • (literary) in an assembled manner • a surname
| ‖ 蟻(あり) or 蟻(アリ) • (ari) ‖ 蟻(ぎ) • (gi) ‖ 蟻(ありのこ) • (arinoko)
| ‖ 蟻(あり) or 蟻(アリ) • (ari) ‖ 蟻(ぎ) • (gi) ‖ 蟻(ありのこ) • (arinoko)
|ant ‖ ant ‖ ant ‖ (obsolete) an ant, particularly one without wings • (obsolete) an ant egg or larva
|ant ‖ ant ‖ ant ‖ (obsolete) an ant, particularly one without wings • (obsolete) an ant egg or larva
|蟻 (eumhun 개미 의 (gaemi ui))
|蟻 (eumhun 개미 의 (gaemi ui)) ‖  ‖ 蟻(あみ) (ami)
|Hanja form of 의 (“ant”).
|hanja form of 의 (“ant”) ‖ 蟻 \  • 蟻 \  ‖ ant
|Hán-Nôm : nghĩ • Hán-Nôm : nghị
|
|
|蟻
|蟻
|-
|-
|蠅
|蠅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·lɯŋ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 黽 (OC *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *mreːŋʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b-(r/j)aŋ (“fly; bee”). Compare 虻 (OC mˁraŋ, “"horsefly"”), Tibetan སྦྲང་བུ (sbrang bu, “bee”), Burmese ယင် (yang, “fly”), Chepang याङ् (“insect; fly”), Japhug ɣʑo (“bee”) (STEDT; Coblin, 1986; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : ying
|fly; housefly
|fly; housefly
| ‖ 蠅(はえ) or 蠅(ハエ) • (hae) ^(←はへ (fafe)?)
| ‖ 蠅(はえ) or 蠅(ハエ) • (hae) ^(←はへ (fafe)?)
| ‖ Kyūjitai form of 蝿 (“fly”) (insect of the family Muscidae)
| ‖ Kyūjitai form of 蝿 (“fly”) (insect of the family Muscidae)
|蠅 (eum 승 (seung))
|蠅 (eum 승 (seung))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,604: Line 15,352:
|-
|-
|蠍
|蠍
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giat
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰad) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 歇 (OC *qʰad).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giat • Middle-Chinese : xjot
|scorpion
|scorpion
| ‖ 蠍(さそり) or 蠍(サソリ) • (sasori)
| ‖ 蠍(さそり) or 蠍(サソリ) • (sasori)
Line 12,610: Line 15,359:
|蠍 • (gal) · 蠍 • (gal) (hangeul 갈)
|蠍 • (gal) · 蠍 • (gal) (hangeul 갈)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hiết • Hán-Nôm : hạt • Hán-Nôm : yết
|
|
|蠍
|蠍
|-
|-
|蠔
|蠔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô
|oyster
|oyster
|
|
Line 12,620: Line 15,371:
|蠔 • (ho) · 蠔 • (ho) (hangeul 호, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|蠔 • (ho) · 蠔 • (ho) (hangeul 호, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : hàu • Hán-Nôm : hầu
|oyster
|oyster
|蠔
|蠔
|-
|-
|蠟
|蠟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːb) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 巤 (OC *rab). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-krjap (“bug; ant; insect (lac); cochineal”); cognate with Burmese ချိပ် (hkyip, “lac”), Proto-Loloish *C-gripᴸ (“lac; pine”), Jingpho krep (“bedbug”), Proto-Kiranti *khrep (“bug; ant”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). \ However, this word is not attested until the 2nd to 3rd century (Ferlus, 2012b) (earliest attested in Comments of a Recluse (潛夫論) by Wang Fu (王符)). It may instead be a borrowing from Proto-Vietic *k-raːp (“wax”) (Ferlus, 2012; Jacques, 2016b).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p • Middle-Chinese : lap
|wax • candle (Classifier: 根 m; 枝 m) • light yellow
|wax • candle (Classifier: 根 m; 枝 m) • light yellow
| ‖  
| ‖  
|wax • candle • waxy • glazed ‖  
|wax • candle • waxy • glazed ‖  
|蠟 (eumhun 밀 랍 (mil rap), South Korea 밀 납 (mil nap))
|蠟 (eumhun 밀 랍 (mil rap), word-initial (South Korea) 밀 납 (mil nap))
|Hanja form of 랍/납 (“wax”). • Hanja form of 랍/납 (“candle”).
|hanja form of 랍/납 (“wax”) • hanja form of 랍/납 (“candle”)
|Hán-Nôm : rệp • Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : sáp
|
|
|蠟
|蠟
|-
|-
|蠡
|蠡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Middle-Chinese : lje • Middle-Chinese : lwa • Middle-Chinese : lejX
|
|
|
|
Line 12,640: Line 15,395:
|蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lãi
|
|
|蠡
|蠡
|-
|-
|蠣
|蠣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 虫 (“insect; bug; creature”) + phonetic 厲 (OC *m·rads).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH
|oyster
|oyster
|
|
Line 12,650: Line 15,407:
|蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lệ • Hán-Nôm : lị
|
|
|蠣
|蠣
|-
|-
|蠱
|蠱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 蟲 (“insects”) + 皿 (“container”) – poisonous insects raised in a container. \ Unclear (Schuessler, 2007). \ “Affair” may be related to 故 (OC *kaːs, “happening; incident”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ
|(historical) a type of artificially cultivated poisonous insect; the one insect remaining in the vessel where toxic insects are allowed to eat each other • insect that grows on rotting grain; pest; vermin • hot, noxious air that harms people; miasma • to entice; to bewitch • malevolent sorcery, including charms, curses and prayers to evil spirits • affair; matter • 18th hexagram of the I Ching (䷑) ‖ Alternative form of 冶 (yě, “bewitchingly pretty; seductive”)
|(historical) a type of artificially cultivated poisonous insect; the one insect remaining in the vessel where toxic insects are allowed to eat each other • insect that grows on rotting grain; pest; vermin • hot, noxious air that harms people; miasma • to entice; to bewitch • malevolent sorcery, including charms, curses and prayers to evil spirits • affair; matter • 18th hexagram of the I Ching (䷑) ‖ Alternative form of 冶 (yě, “bewitchingly pretty; seductive”)
|
|
|
|
|蠱 • (go) · 蠱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|蠱 • (go) · 蠱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|
|
|
|蠱
|蠱
|-
|蠶
|Bodman (1980) relates this to Tibetan སྡོམ (sdom, “spider”). Perhaps cognate to 蔪 (OC *zamʔ, “entwine”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Middle-Chinese : dzom
|silkworm
|
|
|
|silkworm
|Hán-Nôm : tàm • Hán-Nôm : tằm
|
|蠶
|-
|-
|蠹
|蠹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːɡs) : phonetic 橐 (OC *tʰaːɡ) + semantic 䖵 (“insect”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou³ • Middle-Chinese : tuH
|insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. • insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. · (specifically) silverfish • (figuratively) harmful person; vermin • to erode; to eat away at • moth-eaten; worm-eaten
|insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. • insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. · (specifically) silverfish • (figuratively) harmful person; vermin • to erode; to eat away at • moth-eaten; worm-eaten
|
|
|
|
|蠹 • (du) · 蠹 • (du) (hangeul 두, revised du, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu)
|蠹 • (du) · 蠹 • (du) (hangeul 두, revised du, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu)
|
|
|
|
|
|蠹
|蠹
|-
|蠻
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mroːn) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). \ Possibly related to Burmese မြန်မာ (mranma, “Myanmar; Burma; Burmese”), Tibetan བྲན (bran, “servant, slave”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Middle-Chinese : maen
|(historical, derogatory) A collective name for all non-Han ethnic groups south of Han areas of China in any given era. • barbarous; savage; uncivilised • rough; rude; unreasonable • rash; hot-headed • valiantly; uncouthly; vulgarly • (colloquial) very; quite
|
|barbarian
|蠻 (eumhun 오랑캐 만 (orangkae man))
|hanja form of 만 (“barbarian”)
|Hán-Nôm : man • Hán-Nôm : mán • Hán-Nôm : mơn
|
|蠻
|-
|-
|衆
|衆
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,679: Line 15,466:
| ‖ mass; many people • majority ‖  
| ‖ mass; many people • majority ‖  
|衆 (eumhun 무리 중 (muri jung))
|衆 (eumhun 무리 중 (muri jung))
|Hanja form of 중 (“crowd”).
|hanja form of 중 (“crowd”)
|
|
|
|衆
|衆
|-
|-
|衢
|衢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷa) : semantic 行 + phonetic 瞿 (OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû • Middle-Chinese : gju
|highway • thoroughfare • intersection
|highway • thoroughfare • intersection
|
|
Line 12,690: Line 15,479:
|衢 • (gu) · 衢 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|衢 • (gu) · 衢 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|highway • thoroughfare, intersection
|highway • thoroughfare, intersection
|Hán-Nôm : cù
|
|
|衢
|衢
|-
|-
|袂
|袂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : buē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn
| ‖ See 𣍐／𫧃. This character is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi • Middle-Chinese : mjiejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : buē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn
|(literary) sleeve ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𣍐／𫧃 ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 䘼 (“sleeve”)
|(literary) sleeve ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𣍐／𫧃 ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 䘼 (“sleeve”)
| ‖ 袂(たもと) • (tamoto)
| ‖ 袂(たもと) • (tamoto)
|sleeve • foot (of a hill or mountain) • edge ‖ the sleeve pouch of a kimono or other Japanese clothing • a sleeve • (archaic) the upper arm • the side or edge of something (for example, a bridge) • the foot or base of something (for example, a mountain)
|sleeve • foot (of a hill or mountain) • edge ‖ the sleeve pouch of a kimono or other Japanese clothing • a sleeve • (archaic) the upper arm • the side or edge of something (for example, a bridge) • the foot or base of something (for example, a mountain)
|袂 • (mye) · 袂 • (mye) (hangeul 몌, revised mye, McCune–Reischauer mye, Yale myey)
|袂 • (mye) · 袂 • (mye) (hangeul 몌, revised mye, McCune–Reischauer mye, Yale myey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,704: Line 15,496:
|-
|-
|袈
|袈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ • Middle-Chinese : kae
|Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā).
|Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā).
|
|
Line 12,710: Line 15,503:
|袈 • (ga) · 袈 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|袈 • (ga) · 袈 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cà • Hán-Nôm : ca • Hán-Nôm : già
|
|
|袈
|袈
|-
|-
|袒
|袒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thán ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ
|Uncertain. Schuessler (2007) gives several possibilities: \ * Related to 但 (OC *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, “only”) (Pulleyblank, 1991c); \ * Related to 丹 (OC *taːn, “cinnabar; red”), as skin colour is often associated with "red" (Lau, 1999); \ * Related to Tibetan སྟར (star, “to clean; to polish”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thán • Middle-Chinese : danX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : dreanH
|to bare; to strip oneself naked to the waist • to give unprincipled support; to shield ‖ Original form of 綻／绽 (zhàn, “to split at the seam”).
|to bare; to strip oneself naked to the waist • to give unprincipled support; to shield ‖ Original form of 綻／绽 (zhàn, “to split at the seam”).
|
|
|
|
|袒 • (dan, tan) · 袒 • (dan, tan) (hangeul 단, 탄, revised dan, tan, McCune–Reischauer tan, t'an, Yale tan, than)
|袒 • (dan, tan) · 袒 • (dan, tan) (hangeul 단, 탄, revised dan, tan, McCune–Reischauer tan, t'an, Yale tan, than)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,724: Line 15,520:
|-
|-
|袞
|袞
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːnʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *kloːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|
|
Line 12,730: Line 15,527:
|袞 • (gon) · 袞 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon, Yale kon)
|袞 • (gon) · 袞 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon, Yale kon)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổn • Hán-Nôm : gọn
|
|
|袞
|袞
|-
|-
|装
|装
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,739: Line 15,538:
|
|
|装 • (jang) · 装 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|装 • (jang) · 装 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,744: Line 15,544:
|-
|-
|裊
|裊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niáu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 鳥 (OC *tɯːwʔ) + semantic 衣. \ Originally written 褭, see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niáu • Middle-Chinese : newX
|slender and delicate • Used in 裊裊／袅袅 (niǎoniǎo) and 裊娜／袅娜. • Alternative form of 褭／袅 (niǎo)
|slender and delicate • Used in 裊裊／袅袅 (niǎoniǎo) and 裊娜／袅娜. • Alternative form of 褭／袅 (niǎo)
|
|
Line 12,750: Line 15,551:
|裊 • (nyo>yo) · 裊 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo)
|裊 • (nyo>yo) · 裊 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nẻo
|
|
|裊
|裊
|-
|-
|裔
|裔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leds) : semantic 衣 (“cloth”) + phonetic 㕯 (). \ ;border \ ;posterity, descendants
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : yejH
|descendant; posterity • (literary) edge; brim; margin • (literary) borderland; frontier; remote region • (literary) people of the borderlands • (literary) clothing's edge • a surname
|descendant; posterity • (literary) edge; brim; margin • (literary) borderland; frontier; remote region • (literary) people of the borderlands • (literary) clothing's edge • a surname
| ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei) ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei)
| ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei) ^(←えい (ei)?) ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei) ^(←えい (ei)?)
|descendant • border ‖ descendants; offspring ‖ (literary) descendants
|descendant • border ‖ descendants; offspring ‖ (literary) descendants
|裔 • (ye) · 裔 • (ye) (hangeul 예)
|裔 • (ye) · 裔 • (ye) (hangeul 예)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,764: Line 15,568:
|-
|-
|裘
|裘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷɯ) : phonetic 求 (OC *ɡu) + semantic 衣 (“clothes”). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan. Various comparanda have been proposed: \ * Tibetan གྲུ (gru, “boat (of inflated hides)”) (Bodman, 1980); \ * Tamang [Term?] (¹kuri, “skin”) (Schuessler, 2007); \ * Tibetan གོས (gos, “clothes”), Japhug ŋga (“to wear”) (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiû • Middle-Chinese : gjuw
|fur coat; fur garment • (literary) to wear a fur coat • (Southern Min) padded jacket; lined jacket • a surname
|fur coat; fur garment • (literary) to wear a fur coat • (Southern Min) padded jacket; lined jacket • a surname
| ‖ 裘(かわごろも) • (kawagoromo)
| ‖ 裘(かわごろも) • (kawagoromo)
Line 12,770: Line 15,575:
|裘 • (gu) · 裘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|裘 • (gu) · 裘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cừu • Hán-Nôm : cầu
|
|
|裘
|裘
|-
|-
|裟
|裟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Middle-Chinese : srae
|Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā).
|Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā).
|
|
Line 12,780: Line 15,587:
|裟 • (sa) · 裟 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|裟 • (sa) · 裟 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sa
|
|
|裟
|裟
|-
|裡
|Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --lin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ni̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí
|(postpositional) in; inside • (postpositional) during; within • Indicates a place. • interior; inside • lining
|
|
|裡 (eumhun 속 리 (sok ri), South Korea 속 이 (sok i))
|Alternative form of 裏
|
|裡
|-
|-
|裨
|裨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi • Middle-Chinese : pjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Middle-Chinese : bjie
|to aid; to benefit; to help • (literary) to make up; to remedy; to supplement • (literary) to add to; to complement ‖ (literary) secondary; assistant; minor; small • (literary) second-class formal attire worn in sacrificial rites in ancient China • a surname
|to aid; to benefit; to help • (literary) to make up; to remedy; to supplement • (literary) to add to; to complement ‖ (literary) secondary; assistant; minor; small • (literary) second-class formal attire worn in sacrificial rites in ancient China • a surname
|
|
|aid, help
|aid, help
|裨 • (bi) · 裨 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|裨 • (bi) · 裨 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,804: Line 15,604:
|-
|-
|裴
|裴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puê ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *buːl, *bɯl) : phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl) + semantic 衣 (“clothing”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puê • Middle-Chinese : bwoj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ • Middle-Chinese : bj+j
|^† (of clothing) long • Used in 裴回 • a surname ‖ Only used in 即裴.
|^† (of clothing) long • Used in 裴回 • a surname ‖ Only used in 即裴.
|
|
Line 12,810: Line 15,611:
|裴 (eum 배 (bae))
|裴 (eum 배 (bae))
|
|
|chữ Hán form of Bùi (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|Hán-Nôm : bùi
|Chữ Hán form of Bùi (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|裴
|裴
|-
|-
|褓
|褓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou² • Middle-Chinese : pawX
|(literary) swaddling clothes
|(literary) swaddling clothes
|
|
|
|
|褓 • (bo) · 褓 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po, Yale po)
|褓 • (bo) · 褓 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po, Yale po)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,824: Line 15,628:
|-
|-
|褚
|褚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taʔ, *tʰaʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taʔ, *tʰaʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Middle-Chinese : trhjoX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu² • Middle-Chinese : trjoX
|a surname ‖ silk wadding; stuffing in clothing • Alternative form of 貯／贮 (zhù, “to collect; to store up; stored goods”) • bag; container for goods
|a surname ‖ silk wadding; stuffing in clothing • Alternative form of 貯／贮 (zhù, “to collect; to store up; stored goods”) • bag; container for goods
|
|
Line 12,830: Line 15,635:
|褚 • (jeo) · 褚 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|褚 • (jeo) · 褚 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|vest • bag
|vest • bag
|canonical : 褚: Hán Việt readings: trử 褚: Nôm readings: chử
|
|
|褚
|褚
|-
|-
|褫
|褫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci² • Middle-Chinese : drje • Middle-Chinese : drjeX • Middle-Chinese : trhjeX • Middle-Chinese : trhiX
|to take off • to strip; to deprive
|to take off • to strip; to deprive
|
|
|
|
|褫 • (chi) · 褫 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|褫 • (chi) · 褫 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,844: Line 15,652:
|-
|-
|褲
|褲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːs) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 庫 (OC *kʰaːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòo • Middle-Chinese : khuH
|pants; trousers (Classifier: 條／条 c; 領／领 mn)
|pants; trousers (Classifier: 條／条 c; 領／领 mn)
|
|
Line 12,850: Line 15,659:
|褲 (eumhun 바지 고 (baji go)) ‖ 褲 (eumhun 사타구니 과 (sataguni gwa))
|褲 (eumhun 바지 고 (baji go)) ‖ 褲 (eumhun 사타구니 과 (sataguni gwa))
|trousers, pants (US) ‖ (anatomy) groin, crotch
|trousers, pants (US) ‖ (anatomy) groin, crotch
|Hán-Nôm : khố
|
|
|褲
|褲
|-
|-
|褸
|褸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *roʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ From 摟／搂 (lau1, “to drape”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : luw • Middle-Chinese : ljuX ‖  
|Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ). ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) coat
|Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ). ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) coat
|
|
|rag • collar, neck
|rag • collar, neck
|褸 • (ru>nu) · 褸 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|褸 • (ru>nu) · 褸 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,864: Line 15,676:
|-
|-
|褻
|褻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋed) : phonetic 衣 (OC *qɯl, *qɯls, “clothes”) + semantic 埶.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Middle-Chinese : sjet
|licentious; intimate; light-hearted • disrespectful • (obsolete) close-fitting underwear • (obsolete) casual clothes worn at home
|licentious; intimate; light-hearted • disrespectful • (obsolete) close-fitting underwear • (obsolete) casual clothes worn at home
| ‖ 褻(け) • (ke)
| ‖ 褻(け) • (ke)
|(け) informal • (けがす) defile, profane ‖ informal; everyday affairs
|(け) informal • (けがす) defile, profane ‖ informal; everyday affairs
|褻 • (seol) · 褻 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel)
|褻 • (seol) · 褻 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel)
|
|
|
|
|
|褻
|褻
|-
|襃
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|襃
|-
|-
|襄
|襄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *snaŋ) : phonetic 𤕦 () + semantic 衣 (Li Xueqin, 2012). \ ; “to remove”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Middle-Chinese : sjang
|(literary) to aid; to help; to assist • (literary) to accomplish; to achieve; to complete • (literary) to remove • (literary) to raise up; to ascend over • (literary) tall; high • Alternative form of 驤／骧 (xiāng) • Alternative form of 攘 • a surname
|(literary) to aid; to help; to assist • (literary) to accomplish; to achieve; to complete • (literary) to remove • (literary) to raise up; to ascend over • (literary) tall; high • Alternative form of 驤／骧 (xiāng) • Alternative form of 攘 • a surname
|
|
Line 12,890: Line 15,695:
|襄 (eumhun 도울 양 (doul yang))
|襄 (eumhun 도울 양 (doul yang))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tương
|
|
|襄
|襄
|-
|-
|襖
|襖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːʔ, *quːʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 奧 (OC *quːɡs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó • Middle-Chinese : 'awX
|(Chinese-style) coat; jacket
|(Chinese-style) coat; jacket
| ‖ 襖(ふすま) • (fusuma)
| ‖ 襖(ふすま) • (fusuma)
Line 12,900: Line 15,707:
|襖 • (o) · 襖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|襖 • (o) · 襖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : áo
|
|
|襖
|襖
|-
|-
|襠
|襠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nong⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Middle-Chinese : tang
|crotch (of pants) • crotch (area between legs) • sleeveless garment; vest; waistcoat
|crotch (of pants) • crotch (area between legs) • sleeveless garment; vest; waistcoat
| ‖ 襠(まち) • (machi)
| ‖ 襠(まち) • (machi)
| ‖ gusset, gore, godet
| ‖ gusset, gore, godet
|襠 • (dang) · 襠 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|襠 • (dang) · 襠 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,914: Line 15,724:
|-
|-
|襤
|襤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lam
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːm) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lam • Middle-Chinese : lam
|garments without hems • Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ).
|garments without hems • Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ).
|
|
|rag
|rag
|襤 • (ram>nam) · 襤 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|襤 • (ram>nam) · 襤 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,924: Line 15,736:
|-
|-
|襪
|襪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bua̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mad) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 蔑 (OC *meːd, *meːd).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bua̍t • Middle-Chinese : mjot
|sock; stocking (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 對／对 c)
|sock; stocking (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 對／对 c)
| ‖ 襪(しとうず) • (shitōzu)
| ‖ 襪(しとうず) • (shitōzu)
Line 12,930: Line 15,743:
|襪 • (mal) · 襪 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal)
|襪 • (mal) · 襪 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal)
|(버선 말, beoseon-): socks, footmuffs of Korean tradition
|(버선 말, beoseon-): socks, footmuffs of Korean tradition
|
|
|
|襪
|襪
|-
|-
|襯
|襯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn • Middle-Chinese : tsrhinH
|inner garment • lining; liner • to line; to place underneath • to set off; to serve as a foil; to contrast; to make stand out against the background • (alt. form 儭／𠋆, 嚫／𰈍) to give alms; to donate for charity • (Cantonese) to match (of clothes)
|inner garment • lining; liner • to line; to place underneath • to set off; to serve as a foil; to contrast; to make stand out against the background • (alt. form 儭／𠋆, 嚫／𰈍) to give alms; to donate for charity • (Cantonese) to match (of clothes)
|
|
Line 12,940: Line 15,755:
|襯 (eum 친 (chin))
|襯 (eum 친 (chin))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sấn
|
|
|襯
|襯
|-
|-
|覃
|覃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Middle-Chinese : dom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴
|(obsolete) long • (obsolete) to spread; to extend • (obsolete) to widely bestow • (literary) deep; profound • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 剡 (yǎn, “sharp; pointed”) ‖ a surname
|(obsolete) long • (obsolete) to spread; to extend • (obsolete) to widely bestow • (literary) deep; profound • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 剡 (yǎn, “sharp; pointed”) ‖ a surname
|
|
Line 12,950: Line 15,767:
|覃 (eum 담 (dam))
|覃 (eum 담 (dam))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đàm
|
|
|覃
|覃
|-
|-
|覓
|覓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ba̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bāi ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi ‖  ‖  
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 見 (“to see”). ‖  ‖  ‖
|to search for; to seek; to hunt for ‖ (Hokkien) to see; to examine • (Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try (used after a verb) ‖ (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) to look for; to seek ‖ (Teochew) Alternative form of 揣 (“to look for; to seek”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ba̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā • Middle-Chinese : mek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi ‖  ‖  
|to search for; to seek; to hunt out for; to look into; to look out for; to investigate; to explore; to inquire into; to research ‖ (Hokkien) to inspect; to probe; to see; to examine face-to-face; to visit and inquire about • (Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try (used after a verb) ‖ (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) to look for; to seek ‖ (Teochew) Alternative form of 揣 (“to look for; to seek”)
|
|
|
|
|覓 • (myeok) · 覓 • (myeok) (hangeul 멱, revised myeok, McCune–Reischauer myŏk, Yale myek)
|覓 • (myeok) · 覓 • (myeok) (hangeul 멱, revised myeok, McCune–Reischauer myŏk, Yale myek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mạch • Hán-Nôm : mích • Hán-Nôm : mịch
|
|
|覓
|覓
|-
|-
|覦
|覦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lo, *los) : phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo) + semantic 見 (“to see”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yu • Middle-Chinese : yuH
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,974: Line 15,796:
|-
|-
|覬
|覬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯls) : phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 見 (“to see”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : kijH
|
|
|
|
|coveting high rank
|coveting high rank
|覬 • (gi) · 覬 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|覬 • (gi) · 覬 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 12,984: Line 15,808:
|-
|-
|覲
|覲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìnn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìnn • Middle-Chinese : ginH
|to have an audience (with the Emperor, leader, president, etc.)
|to have an audience (with the Emperor, leader, president, etc.)
|
|
Line 12,990: Line 15,815:
|覲 • (geun) · 覲 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
|覲 • (geun) · 覲 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cận
|
|
|覲
|覲
|-
|-
|触
|触
|Unorthodox variant simplified from 觸 (蜀 → 虫) found in the Ming dynasty orthographic dictionary 《字學三正》. Also found in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930. \ Eventually adopted as an official simplified character by the People's Republic of China in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme. ‖ Found in the historical Kangxi dictionary published during the Qing dynasty and cited from 《古今注》, a narrative work on ancient China written by 崔豹 during the Western Jin period (265–316 AD). \ The scholars who compiled the Kangxi dictionary may have confused this character with 𩶥 which is visually similar.
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ
| ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ
| ‖ ^‡ white fish with red tail See also: 魧 • ^‡ type of fish that is male
| ‖ ^‡ white fish with red tail See also: 魧 • ^‡ type of fish that is male
Line 13,000: Line 15,827:
|触 • (chok) · 触 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|触 • (chok) · 触 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xúc
|
|
|触
|触
|-
|-
|觴
|觴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : syang
|(literary) wine cup; drinking vessel • (literary) to toast; to drink
|(literary) wine cup; drinking vessel • (literary) to toast; to drink
|
|
|
|
|觴 (eum 상 (sang))
|觴 (eum 상 (sang))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,014: Line 15,844:
|-
|-
|訊
|訊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìn
|Characters in the same phonetic series (卂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sins) : semantic 言 + phonetic 卂 (OC *sins, *tods).
|to inquire; to ask • to question; to interrogate • Alternative form of 信 • Alternative form of 信 · message • Alternative form of 信 · message · information; news
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìn • Middle-Chinese : sinH
|to inquire; to ask • to question; to interrogate • to call to account; to admonish • to state; to report • message; information; news • (obsolete, poetry) coda; conclusion • (obsolete) captured prisoners
|
|
|ask; question
|ask; question
|訊 • (sin) · 訊 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|訊 • (sin) · 訊 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tấn
|
|
|訊
|訊
|-
|-
|訌
|訌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōng • Middle-Chinese : huwng
|confusion; discord; strife; quarrel
|confusion; discord; strife; quarrel
|
|
|get confused
|get confused
|訌 • (hong) · 訌 • (hong) (hangeul 홍, revised hong, McCune–Reischauer hong, Yale hong)
|訌 • (hong) · 訌 • (hong) (hangeul 홍, revised hong, McCune–Reischauer hong, Yale hong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,034: Line 15,868:
|-
|-
|訕
|訕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːn, *sraːns) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan • Middle-Chinese : sraen • Middle-Chinese : sraenH
|to mock; to slander • embarrassed; ashamed
|to mock; to slander • embarrassed; ashamed
|
|
Line 13,040: Line 15,875:
|訕 • (san) · 訕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|訕 • (san) · 訕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|abuse • slander • vilify • ridicule
|abuse • slander • vilify • ridicule
|
|
|
|訕
|訕
|-
|-
|訖
|訖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : git • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kit
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯd) : semantic 言 + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd). \ See 暨 (jì) for etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : git • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kit • Middle-Chinese : kj+t
|to bring to an end; to complete; to finish; to conclude • finally; at last • all
|to bring to an end; to complete; to finish; to conclude • finally; at last • all
|
|
|come to an end • reach • arrive at • finally
|come to an end • reach • arrive at • finally
|訖 • (heul) · 訖 • (heul) (hangeul 흘, revised heul, McCune–Reischauer hŭl, Yale hul)
|訖 • (heul) · 訖 • (heul) (hangeul 흘, revised heul, McCune–Reischauer hŭl, Yale hul)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,054: Line 15,892:
|-
|-
|訛
|訛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo
|Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋʷaːl) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls) \ Related to 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls, “to change”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 偽 (OC *ŋʷrals) (Schuessler, 2007), but see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngwa
|(literary, or in compounds) erroneous; mistaken • (literary, or in compounds) error; mistake • to extort; to blackmail • Alternative form of 吪
|(literary, or in compounds) erroneous; mistaken • (literary, or in compounds) error; mistake • to extort; to blackmail • Alternative form of 吪
|
|
|
|
|訛 (eumhun 그릇될 와 (geureutdoel wa))
|訛 (eumhun 그릇될 와 (geureutdoel wa))
|Hanja form of 와 (“erroneous; mistaken”).
|hanja form of 와 (“erroneous; mistaken”)
|Hán-Nôm : ngoa • Hán-Nôm : ngỏa • Hán-Nôm : ngoả
|
|
|訛
|訛
|-
|-
|訝
|訝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gēe
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gēe • Middle-Chinese : ngaeH
|to be surprised; to be astonished • Alternative form of 迓 (yà, “to meet; to welcome”)
|to be surprised; to be astonished • Alternative form of 迓 (yà, “to meet; to welcome”)
|
|
|doubt
|doubt
|訝 • (a) · 訝 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a)
|訝 • (a) · 訝 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,074: Line 15,916:
|-
|-
|訣
|訣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Middle-Chinese : kwet
|knack; secret; trick of the trade • mnemonic chant; rhyme for remembering something; rhymed formula • to take leave of; to bid farewell • (obsolete) to bid farewell to a dead person
|knack; secret; trick of the trade • mnemonic chant; rhyme for remembering something; rhymed formula • to take leave of; to bid farewell • (obsolete) to bid farewell to a dead person
|
|
Line 13,080: Line 15,923:
|訣 • (gyeol) · 訣 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|訣 • (gyeol) · 訣 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|take leave of • bid farewell
|take leave of • bid farewell
|canonical : 訣: Hán Việt readings: quyết
|
|
|訣
|訣
|-
|-
|訥
|訥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lu̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːd) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 內 (OC *nuːbs, “inside”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lu̍t • Middle-Chinese : nwot
|slow of speech; speaking in a clumsy manner • taciturn; speaking little
|slow of speech; speaking in a clumsy manner • taciturn; speaking little
|
|
|
|
|訥 (eumhun 말 더듬을 눌 (mal deodeumeul nul))
|訥 (eumhun 말 더듬을 눌 (mal deodeumeul nul))
|Hanja form of 눌 (“mumble; stammer”).
|hanja form of 눌 (“mumble; stammer”)
|Hán-Nôm : nột • Hán-Nôm : dốt • Hán-Nôm : nói • Hán-Nôm : nốt • Hán-Nôm : nuốt
|
|
|訥
|訥
|-
|-
|註
|註
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsù
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tos, *tjos) : semantic 訁 + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsù • Middle-Chinese : tsyuH • Middle-Chinese : trjuH
|to annotate; to comment • to record; to register • comment; note; annotation
|to annotate; to comment • to record; to register • comment; note; annotation
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 13,100: Line 15,947:
|註 • (ju) · 註 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|註 • (ju) · 註 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chú • Hán-Nôm : chua
|
|
|註
|註
|-
|-
|証
|証
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Middle-Chinese : tsyengH
|(literary) to admonish
|(literary) to admonish
| ‖  ‖ 証(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 証(しょう) • (shō)
| ‖  ‖ 証(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 証(しょう) • (shō)
Line 13,110: Line 15,959:
|証 • (jeong) · 証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|証 • (jeong) · 証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chứng • Hán-Nôm : chống • Hán-Nôm : chững • Hán-Nôm : chừng
|
|
|証
|証
|-
|-
|詁
|詁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³ • Middle-Chinese : kuX
|
|
|
|
Line 13,120: Line 15,971:
|詁 • (go) · 詁 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|詁 • (go) · 詁 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|canonical : 詁: Hán Việt readings: cổ
|
|
|詁
|詁
|-
|-
|詆
|詆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Middle-Chinese : dej • Middle-Chinese : tejX • Middle-Chinese : thek
|to condemn; to attack • to slander; to defame • to deceive; to cheat
|to condemn; to attack • to slander; to defame • to deceive; to cheat
|
|
Line 13,130: Line 15,983:
|詆 • (jeo) · 詆 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|詆 • (jeo) · 詆 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|
|
|canonical : 詆: Hán Việt readings: để
|
|
|詆
|詆
|-
|-
|詛
|詛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsrjoH
|curse • to curse • to swear, pledge
|curse • to curse • to swear, pledge
|
|
|curse
|curse
|詛 • (jeo) · 詛 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|詛 • (jeo) · 詛 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
|
|
|
|詛 (trớ, chú, thư, trù)
|詛 (trớ, chú, thư, trù)
Line 13,144: Line 16,000:
|-
|-
|詢
|詢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : swin
|to inquire into; to ask about; to consult with
|to inquire into; to ask about; to consult with
|
|
Line 13,150: Line 16,007:
|詢 • (sun) · 詢 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|詢 • (sun) · 詢 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuân
|
|
|詢
|詢
|-
|-
|詫
|詫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thà
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thà • Middle-Chinese : trhaeH
|to be surprised; to be astonished • (literary) to brag; to show off • (literary) to tell; to inform • (literary) to cheat; to deceive
|to be surprised; to be astonished • (literary) to brag; to show off • (literary) to tell; to inform • (literary) to cheat; to deceive
|
|
Line 13,160: Line 16,019:
|詫 • (ta) · 詫 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|詫 • (ta) · 詫 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sá
|
|
|詫
|詫
|-
|-
|詬
|詬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : kuwX • Middle-Chinese : khuwH • Middle-Chinese : xuwH
|
|
|
|
Line 13,170: Line 16,031:
|詬 • (gu) · 詬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|詬 • (gu) · 詬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cấu
|
|
|詬
|詬
|-
|-
|詭
|詭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krolʔ) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí • Middle-Chinese : kjweX
|sly; cunning; tricky; deceitful • (literary) weird; bizarre
|sly; cunning; tricky; deceitful • (literary) weird; bizarre
|
|
Line 13,180: Line 16,043:
|詭 • (gwe) · 詭 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|詭 • (gwe) · 詭 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|deceive, cheat, defraud • sly
|deceive, cheat, defraud • sly
|Hán-Nôm : quỷ • Hán-Nôm : ngụy • Hán-Nôm : nguỵ
|
|
|詭
|詭
|-
|-
|詹
|詹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Middle-Chinese : tsyem
|verbose; garrulous • to talk too much; to be verbose • to arrive; to reach • to manage; to administer • Alternative form of 瞻 (zhān, “to look upward or forward”) • a surname
|verbose; garrulous • to talk too much; to be verbose • to arrive; to reach • to manage; to administer • Alternative form of 瞻 (zhān, “to look upward or forward”) • a surname
|
|
Line 13,190: Line 16,055:
|詹 • (cheom) · 詹 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|詹 • (cheom) · 詹 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|arrive • verbose
|arrive • verbose
|Hán-Nôm : chiêm
|
|
|詹
|詹
|-
|-
|詼
|詼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khue
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khue • Middle-Chinese : khwoj
|
|
|
|
Line 13,200: Line 16,067:
|詼 • (hoe) · 詼 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|詼 • (hoe) · 詼 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|
|
|canonical : 詼: Hán Việt readings: khôi
|
|
|詼
|詼
|-
|-
|誅
|誅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *to) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : trju
|to execute; to kill; to put to death • to punish • to censure; to blame • (Cantonese, mahjong) to discard tiles such that the next player cannot improve their hand
|to execute; to kill; to put to death • to punish • to censure; to blame • (Cantonese, mahjong) to discard tiles such that the next player cannot improve their hand
|
|
Line 13,210: Line 16,079:
|誅 • (ju) · 誅 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|誅 • (ju) · 誅 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tru • Hán-Nôm : trô
|
|
|誅
|誅
|-
|-
|誉
|誉
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,220: Line 16,091:
|誉 • (ye) · 誉 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|誉 • (ye) · 誉 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
|
|
|canonical : 誉: Hán Việt readings: dự
|
|
|誉
|誉
|-
|-
|誑
|誑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong² • Middle-Chinese : kjwangH
|to deceive; to lie; to delude; to cheat
|to deceive; to lie; to delude; to cheat
|
|
Line 13,230: Line 16,103:
|誑 • (gwang) · 誑 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|誑 • (gwang) · 誑 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang)
|
|
|canonical : 誑: Hán Việt readings: cuống
|
|
|誑
|誑
|-
|-
|誡
|誡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːɡs) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 戒 (OC *krɯːɡs, “guard against”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài • Middle-Chinese : keajH
|to warn; to admonish; to caution • to take precautions; to guard against • (religion) commandments; precepts; tenets
|to warn; to admonish; to caution • to take precautions; to guard against • (religion) commandments; precepts; tenets
|
|
Line 13,240: Line 16,115:
|誡 • (gye) · 誡 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|誡 • (gye) · 誡 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|
|
|canonical : 誡: Hán Việt readings: giới
|
|
|誡
|誡
|-
|-
|誣
|誣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ma) : semantic 言 + phonetic 巫 (OC *ma).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Middle-Chinese : mju
|to make false accusation; to defame • to deceive; to hoodwink
|to make false accusation; to defame • to deceive; to hoodwink
|
|
Line 13,250: Line 16,127:
|誣 • (mu) · 誣 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|誣 • (mu) · 誣 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vu
|
|
|誣
|誣
|-
|-
|誥
|誥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou³ • Middle-Chinese : kawH
|to inform; to notify; to admonish; to order
|to inform; to notify; to admonish; to order
|
|
Line 13,260: Line 16,139:
|誥 • (go) · 誥 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|誥 • (go) · 誥 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|inform, notify, admonish, order
|inform, notify, admonish, order
|Hán-Nôm : cáo
|
|
|誥
|誥
|-
|-
|誨
|誨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːs) : semantic 言 + phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué • Middle-Chinese : xwojH
|to teach; to instruct • to encourage; to induce
|to teach; to instruct • to encourage; to induce
|
|
Line 13,270: Line 16,151:
|誨 • (hoe) · 誨 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|誨 • (hoe) · 誨 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hối • Hán-Nôm : húi
|
|
|誨
|誨
|-
|說
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : seh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : serh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suat • Middle-Chinese : sywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suè • Middle-Chinese : sywejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ
|to say; to speak • to explain • to refer to • to discuss • to introduce; to bring parties together • to criticize; to scold; to upbraid • to perform • theory; explanation ‖ to persuade; to canvass; to lobby • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to swindle; to defraud; to cheat out of ‖ Alternative form of 悅／悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”) ‖ Alternative form of 脫／脱 (“to free; to relieve”)
|
|opinion • theory • explanation • rumor
|說 (eumhun 말씀 설 (malsseum seol)) ‖ 說 (eumhun 달랠 세 (dallael se)) ‖ 說 (eumhun 기쁠 열 (gippeul yeol))
|hanja form of 설 (“theory, opinion, view; rumour”) [noun] • hanja form of 설 (“theory”) [suffix] • hanja form of 설 (“to explain; to speak; to talk”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 세 (“to persuade”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 열 (“used in personal names”) • (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 悅 (“hanja form of 열 (“to be happy”)”)
|Hán-Nôm : thuyết
|
|說
|-
|-
|説
|説
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,280: Line 16,175:
|説 • (seol, se, yeol) · 説 • (seol, se, yeol) (hangeul 설, 세, 열, revised seol, se, yeol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, se, yŏl, Yale sel, sey, yel)
|説 • (seol, se, yeol) · 説 • (seol, se, yeol) (hangeul 설, 세, 열, revised seol, se, yeol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, se, yŏl, Yale sel, sey, yel)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thuyết • Hán-Nôm : thót • Hán-Nôm : thốt
|
|
|説
|説
|-
|-
|誼
|誼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrals) : semantic 言 + phonetic 宜 (OC *ŋral). \ In some lects, the pronunciation of 誼／谊 is the same as that of 宜 (i.e. in the light level tone (陽平／阳平)). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî • Middle-Chinese : ngjeH
|friendship • Alternative form of 義／义 (yì) • Alternative form of 議／议 (yì)
|friendship • Alternative form of 義／义 (yì) • Alternative form of 議／议 (yì)
|
|
Line 13,290: Line 16,187:
|誼 (eum 의 (ui))
|誼 (eum 의 (ui))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghị
|
|
|誼
|誼
|-
|-
|諂
|諂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰomʔ) : semantic 言 + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim² • Middle-Chinese : trhjemX
|^† to flatter; to truckle; to toady
|^† to flatter; to truckle; to toady
|
|
Line 13,300: Line 16,199:
|諂 • (cheom) · 諂 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|諂 • (cheom) · 諂 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)
|
|
|canonical : 諂: Hán Việt readings: xiểm • canonical : siểm 諂: Nôm readings: xiểm • canonical : siểm
|chữ Hán form of siểm (“to flatter”).
|chữ Hán form of siểm (“to flatter”).
|諂
|諂
|-
|-
|諄
|諄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjun, *tjuns) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 𦎧 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Middle-Chinese : tsywin • Middle-Chinese : tsywinH
|earnest
|earnest
|
|
Line 13,310: Line 16,211:
|諄 (eum 순 (sun))
|諄 (eum 순 (sun))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : truân
|
|
|諄
|諄
|-
|-
|諉
|諉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Middle-Chinese : nrjweH
|to shirk; to give excuses
|to shirk; to give excuses
|
|
|
|
|諉 • (wi) · 諉 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|諉 • (wi) · 諉 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,324: Line 16,228:
|-
|-
|諍
|諍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsènn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋs) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsènn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Middle-Chinese : tsreangH
|^† to remonstrate; to admonish • (Southern Min) to quarrel; to fight
|^† to remonstrate; to admonish • (Southern Min) to quarrel; to fight
|
|
Line 13,330: Line 16,235:
|諍 • (jaeng) · 諍 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|諍 • (jaeng) · 諍 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tránh
|
|
|諍
|諍
|-
|-
|諜
|諜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍p
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍p • Middle-Chinese : dep
|espionage; spying • spy; agent
|espionage; spying • spy; agent
|
|
Line 13,340: Line 16,247:
|諜 • (cheop) · 諜 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep)
|諜 • (cheop) · 諜 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : điệp
|
|
|諜
|諜
|-
|-
|諫
|諫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːns) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn • Middle-Chinese : kaenH
|to remonstrate; to admonish
|to remonstrate; to admonish
| ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan) ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan)
| ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan) ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan)
Line 13,350: Line 16,259:
|諫 (eum 간 (gan))
|諫 (eum 간 (gan))
|remonstrate • admonish
|remonstrate • admonish
|Hán-Nôm : gián
|
|
|諫
|諫
|-
|-
|諱
|諱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷɯls) : semantic 言 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì • Middle-Chinese : xjw+jH
|to avoid mentioning • to avoid; to regard as taboo • taboo • (historical) name of a deceased emperor or elder • (obsolete) to fear; to dread • (obsolete, euphemistic) to die
|to avoid mentioning • to avoid; to regard as taboo • taboo • (historical) name of a deceased emperor or elder • (obsolete) to fear; to dread • (obsolete, euphemistic) to die
|
|
|"real" name used during life, as opposed to a posthumous name
|real name used during life, as opposed to a posthumous name
|諱 (eum 휘 (hwi))
|諱 (eum 휘 (hwi))
|conceal • shun • regard as taboo
|conceal • shun • regard as taboo
|Hán-Nôm : húy • Hán-Nôm : huý
|
|
|諱
|諱
|-
|-
|諷
|諷
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plums) : semantic 言 + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : pjuwngH
|to satirize; to mock; to criticize; to remonstrate (using implicit language) • to advise using mild and indirect language; to suggest in a tactful and veiled manner • (literary) to recite; to incant
|to satirize; to mock; to criticize; to remonstrate (using implicit language) • to advise using mild and indirect language; to suggest in a tactful and veiled manner • (literary) to recite; to incant
|
|
Line 13,370: Line 16,283:
|諷 • (pung) · 諷 • (pung) (hangeul 풍)
|諷 • (pung) · 諷 • (pung) (hangeul 풍)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phúng
|
|
|諷
|諷
|-
|-
|諺
|諺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH
|proverb; maxim • Korean hangul
|proverb; maxim • Korean hangul
| ‖ 諺(ことわざ) • (kotowaza)
| ‖ 諺(ことわざ) • (kotowaza)
Line 13,380: Line 16,295:
|諺 • (eon, an) · 諺 • (eon, an) (hangeul 언, 안, revised eon, an, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, an, Yale en, an)
|諺 • (eon, an) · 諺 • (eon, an) (hangeul 언, 안, revised eon, an, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, an, Yale en, an)
|old name for Hangeul, the Korean script; Eonmun • vernacular Korean language (in contrast to written Chinese texts) • a proverb
|old name for Hangeul, the Korean script; Eonmun • vernacular Korean language (in contrast to written Chinese texts) • a proverb
|Hán-Nôm : ngạn
|
|
|諺
|諺
|-
|-
|謊
|謊
|Originally written as 詤. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmaːŋʔ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 荒 (OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs)
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng
|Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng
|lie; untruth • to lie; to tell a lie
|lie; untruth • to lie; to tell a lie
Line 13,389: Line 16,306:
|lie
|lie
|謊 (eumhun 잠꼬대할 황 (jamkkodaehal hwang))
|謊 (eumhun 잠꼬대할 황 (jamkkodaehal hwang))
|Hanja form of 황 (“lie”).
|hanja form of 황 (“lie”)
|Hán-Nôm : hoang
|
|
|謊
|謊
|-
|-
|謗
|謗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pòng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋs) : semantic 言 (“speech; words”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pòng • Middle-Chinese : pangH
|(archaic, now mostly obsolete) to criticize (especially in an open manner) • (literary) to slander; to defame; to vilify
|(archaic, now mostly obsolete) to criticize (especially in an open manner) • (literary) to slander; to defame; to vilify
|
|
|slander
|slander
|謗 (eumhun 헐뜯을 방 (heoltteudeul bang))
|謗 (eumhun 헐뜯을 방 (heoltteudeul bang))
|Hanja form of 방 (“slandering”).
|hanja form of 방 (“slandering”)
|
|
|
|謗
|謗
|-
|-
|謨
|謨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo • Middle-Chinese : mu
|(literary) plan; strategy • (literary) to plan; to strategize; to deliberate
|
|
|plan • deliberate
|plan • deliberate
|謨 (eum 모 (mo))
|謨 (eum 모 (mo))
|
|
|canonical : 謨: Hán Việt readings: mồ
|
|
|謨
|謨
|-
|-
|謬
|謬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biū
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kiː(l/r) (“to bend; to wind; to twist; to roll”), i.e. “to twist words; to twist the truth”. Related to 糾 (OC *krɯwʔ, “to entangle”), 絞 (OC *kreːwʔ, “to twist; to strangle”), 摎 (OC *krɯːw, “to strangle”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biū • Middle-Chinese : mjiwH
|false; wrong; erroneous • error; mistake • to deceive; to twist the truth • a surname
|false; wrong; erroneous • error; mistake • to deceive; to twist the truth • a surname
|
|
|mistake
|mistake
|謬 (eumhun 그릇될 류 (geureutdoel ryu), South Korea 그릇될 유 (geureutdoel yu))
|謬 (eumhun 그릇될 류 (geureutdoel ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 그릇될 유 (geureutdoel yu))
|Hanja form of 류/유 (“false; wrong; erroneous”).
|hanja form of 류/유 (“false; wrong; erroneous”)
|canonical : 謬: Hán Việt readings: mậu
|chữ Hán form of mậu (“mistake”).
|chữ Hán form of mậu (“mistake”).
|謬
|謬
|-
|-
|譁
|譁
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,429: Line 16,354:
|noisy
|noisy
|譁 (eumhun 시끄러울 화 (sikkeureoul hwa))
|譁 (eumhun 시끄러울 화 (sikkeureoul hwa))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,434: Line 16,360:
|-
|-
|譎
|譎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwat¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwat¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwet
|to deceive; to cheat
|to deceive; to cheat
|
|
Line 13,440: Line 16,367:
|譎 • (hyul) · 譎 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul, Yale hyul)
|譎 • (hyul) · 譎 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul, Yale hyul)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quyệt • Hán-Nôm : quịt
|
|
|譎
|譎
|-
|-
|譏
|譏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 言 + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j
|to ridicule; to jeer; to mock • (literary) to interrogate • (literary) to exhort; to admonish
|to ridicule; to jeer; to mock • (literary) to interrogate • (literary) to exhort; to admonish
|
|
Line 13,450: Line 16,379:
|譏 • (gi) · 譏 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|譏 • (gi) · 譏 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|canonical : 譏: Hán Việt readings: cơ • canonical : ky • canonical : kỵ
|chữ Hán form of cơ (“ridicule, admonish”).
|chữ Hán form of cơ (“ridicule, admonish”).
|譏
|譏
|-
|-
|譚
|譚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tânn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tânn • Middle-Chinese : dom • Middle-Chinese : domX
|Alternative form of 談／谈 (tán, “to discuss”) • a surname
|Alternative form of 談／谈 (tán, “to discuss”) • a surname
| ‖ 譚(たん) • (-tan)
| ‖ 譚(たん) • (-tan)
Line 13,460: Line 16,391:
|譚 • (dam) · 譚 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
|譚 • (dam) · 譚 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đàm
|
|
|譚
|譚
|-
|-
|譴
|譴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰens) : semantic 言 + phonetic 遣 (OC *kʰenʔ, *kʰens).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn • Middle-Chinese : khjienH
|to censure; to reprimand; to blame; to condemn • (archaic) to demote; to banish from court • offense; crime
|to censure; to reprimand; to blame; to condemn • (archaic) to demote; to banish from court • offense; crime
|
|
|reproach
|reproach
|譴 (eumhun 꾸짖을 견 (kkujijeul gyeon))
|譴 (eumhun 꾸짖을 견 (kkujijeul gyeon))
|Hanja form of 견 (“scold; reprimand”).
|hanja form of 견 (“scold; reprimand”)
|Hán-Nôm : khiển • Hán-Nôm : khiến
|
|
|譴
|譴
|-
|-
|讒
|讒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm, *zraːms) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm • Middle-Chinese : dzream • Middle-Chinese : dzraemH
|to slander; to defame; to vilify; to speak maliciously of others • slander; defamation; libel • slanderer
|to slander; to defame; to vilify; to speak maliciously of others • slander; defamation; libel • slanderer
| ‖ 讒(ざん) • (zan)
| ‖ 讒(ざん) • (zan)
| ‖ false charge; slander; defamation
| ‖ false charge; slander; defamation
|讒 (eumhun 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))
|讒 (eumhun 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))
|Hanja form of 참 (“to slander”).
|hanja form of 참 (“to slander”)
|canonical : 讒: Hán Việt readings: sàm • canonical : gièm 讒: Nôm readings: gièm • canonical : sàm • canonical : xàm • canonical : sòm • canonical : sờm • canonical : sồm • canonical : sóm
|chữ Hán form of sàm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of gièm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of xàm (“to chatter; to prattle”).
|chữ Hán form of sàm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of gièm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of xàm (“to chatter; to prattle”).
|讒
|讒
|-
|-
|讖
|讖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰrims) : semantic 言 (“words; speech; language”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm • Middle-Chinese : tsrhimH
|prophecy; hint; omen
|prophecy; hint; omen
|
|
Line 13,490: Line 16,427:
|讖 • (cham) · 讖 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|讖 • (cham) · 讖 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|
|
|canonical : 讖: Hán Việt readings: sấm ‖ romanization : sấm
| ‖ chữ Hán form of sấm (“prophecy”).
| ‖ chữ Hán form of sấm (“prophecy”).
|讖
|讖
|-
|-
|谿
|谿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴
|Alternative form of 溪 • valley; gorge • Used in place names. • a surname: Xi ‖ Only used in 勃谿 (bójī). • Only used in 蠰谿.
|Alternative form of 溪 • valley; gorge • Used in place names. • a surname: Xi ‖ Only used in 勃谿 (bójī). • Only used in 蠰谿.
|
|
|valley
|valley
|谿 • (gye) · 谿 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|谿 • (gye) · 谿 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,504: Line 16,444:
|-
|-
|豉
|豉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡjes) : semantic 豆 (“bean”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje). \ The orthodox form in Shuowen was 𢻃, which has 尗 (“legume; bean”) instead of 豆.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : dzyeH
|fermented bean
|fermented bean
|
|
Line 13,510: Line 16,451:
|豉 • (si) · 豉 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)
|豉 • (si) · 豉 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thị • Hán-Nôm : xị • Hán-Nôm : sĩ • Hán-Nôm : xệ
|
|
|豉
|豉
|-
|-
|豎
|豎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū
|Possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djoʔ) : semantic 臤 + phonetic 豆 (OC *doːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Middle-Chinese : dzyuX
|to erect; to make vertical • vertical • upright; perpendicular to the ground • (Chinese calligraphy) a vertical stroke (㇑) • (historical) attendant; boy servant • a surname: Shu
|to erect; to make vertical • vertical • upright; perpendicular to the ground • (Chinese calligraphy) a vertical stroke (㇑) • (historical) attendant; boy servant • a surname: Shu
|
|
Line 13,520: Line 16,463:
|豎 • (su) · 豎 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|豎 • (su) · 豎 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thụ
|
|
|豎
|豎
|-
|-
|豔
|豔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iām
|Originally 豓. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lams) : semantic 豐 (“abundant, great”) + phonetic 盇 () (corrupted to 盍). \ Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs, though with uncertainty, *r-jams > *jams, compares it to Thai เรี่ยม (riamᴮ²), and proposes it was from Tai.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iām • Middle-Chinese : yemH
|(of color) bright and gorgeous; gaudy • relating to love relationships; romantic • (literary) to envy; to admire • a surname
|(of color) bright and gorgeous; gaudy • relating to love relationships; romantic • (literary) to envy; to admire • a surname
|
|
Line 13,530: Line 16,475:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diệm • Hán-Nôm : diễm
|
|
|豔
|豔
|-
|-
|豕
|豕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí
|Pictogram (象形) – a pig. Compare 亥. \ Possibly from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik ~ *lik (“pig”) and Mon ကၠိက် (kloik, “pig”). Also occurs in the Cai-Long languages, from which Hölzl (2021) derives the name Ta-Li for the aforementioned language subgroup.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí • Middle-Chinese : syeX
|(obsolete) pig; boar
|(obsolete) pig; boar
|
|
Line 13,540: Line 16,487:
|豕 • (si) · 豕 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)
|豕 • (si) · 豕 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thỉ
|
|
|豕
|豕
|-
|-
|豢
|豢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎn • Middle-Chinese : hwaenH
|to feed livestock • to rear; to raise livestock • livestock • (figurative) to bribe
|to feed livestock • to rear; to raise livestock • livestock • (figurative) to bribe
|
|
|
|
|豢 (eum 환 (hwan))
|豢 (eum 환 (hwan))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,554: Line 16,504:
|-
|-
|豬
|豬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ta) : semantic 豕 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Löffler (1966) considers Mru tia (“(wild) pig”) to be cognate. \ Fangyan states that 豭 (OC *kraː) is a dialectal variant of 豬 (OC *ta), yet *kra was apparently older than *t(r)a and homophonic with 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”); so instead *t(r)a is possibly an early rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of *kra, which would have had a general meaning of "male animal". See 豭 for more. ‖ Referring to the similar-sounding word 處／处 (cyu2).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu • Middle-Chinese : trjo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹
|pig; hog; swine (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 口 m; 隻／只 c mn; 條／条 c h) • (figurative, colloquial, often as a term of abuse) pig (a lazy, lowly or contemptible person) • (Cantonese, figuratively) stupid; foolish • (Cantonese, figuratively) to act in a stupid or foolish manner ‖ (Cantonese) virginity (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
|pig; hog; swine (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 口 m; 隻／只 c mn; 條／条 c h) • (figurative, colloquial, often as a term of abuse) pig (a lazy, lowly or contemptible person) • (Cantonese, figuratively) stupid; foolish • (Cantonese, figuratively) to act in a stupid or foolish manner ‖ (Cantonese) virginity (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
|
|
Line 13,560: Line 16,511:
|豬 (eumhun 돼지 저 (dwaeji jeo))
|豬 (eumhun 돼지 저 (dwaeji jeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trư • Hán-Nôm : chưa • Hán-Nôm : trơ • Hán-Nôm : kiệt
|
|
|豬
|豬
|-
|-
|貂
|貂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːw) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 召 (OC *dews, *djews)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau • Middle-Chinese : tew
|marten • a surname
|marten • a surname
| ‖ 貂(てん) or 貂(テン) • (ten)
| ‖ 貂(てん) or 貂(テン) • (ten)
Line 13,570: Line 16,523:
|貂 • (cho) · 貂 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|貂 • (cho) · 貂 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|(담비 초, dambi-): marten, sable
|(담비 초, dambi-): marten, sable
|Hán-Nôm : điêu
|
|
|貂
|貂
|-
|-
|貉
|貉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Middle-Chinese : hak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek
|tanuki (raccoon dog) ‖ Alternative form of 貊 (mò)
|tanuki (raccoon dog) ‖ Alternative form of 貊 (mò)
|
|
Line 13,580: Line 16,535:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hạc • Hán-Nôm : lạc • Hán-Nôm : mạch • Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : mạ
|
|
|貉
|貉
|-
|貍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴
|
|
|
|貍 • (ri>i) · 貍 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|
|
|貍
|-
|-
|貓
|貓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mreːw, *mrew) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). \ Ma Xulun suggested that 豸 was the original character of 貓. \ Onomatopoeic. Compare 喵 (miāo, “meow, the onomatopoeic cry of a cat”). \ Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *mau, reasoning that 貓's place among division II syllables results from its onomatopoeic nature instead of an Old Chinese medial *-r-; onomatopoeia is also responsible for the 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) tone instead of the expected 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng). ‖  ‖ Borrowed from English modem.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu • Middle-Chinese : mjew • Middle-Chinese : maew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ
|cat (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hide oneself • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hang around; to stay somewhere doing nothing • (Cantonese) to get drunk • (Hokkien, Singapore Teochew) stingy; miserly • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious • (Cantonese, non-productive) person with a non-positive attribute ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) to bend ‖ (Mainland China, colloquial) modem
|cat (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hide oneself • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hang around; to stay somewhere doing nothing • (Cantonese) to get drunk • (Hokkien, Singapore Teochew) stingy; miserly • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious • (Cantonese, non-productive) person with a non-positive attribute ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) to bend ‖ (Mainland China, colloquial) modem
| ‖ 貓(ねこ) or 貓(ネコ) • (neko) (counter 匹)
| ‖ 貓(ねこ) or 貓(ネコ) • (neko) (counter 匹)
Line 13,600: Line 16,547:
|
|
|cat
|cat
|canonical : 貓: Hán Việt readings: miêu 貓: Nôm readings: mèo • canonical : miêu
|chữ Hán form of miêu (“cat”). • Nôm form of mèo (“cat”).
|chữ Hán form of miêu (“cat”). • Nôm form of mèo (“cat”).
|貓
|貓
|-
|-
|貲
|貲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsje
|to estimate
|to estimate
|
|
|
|
|貲 • (ja) · 貲 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|貲 • (ja) · 貲 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|
|
|
|
|
|貲
|貲
|-
|貳
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njis) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 弍 (OC *njis, “two”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Middle-Chinese : nyijH
|(Classical) secondary; assistant • (literary, or in compounds) to be unfaithful; to be disloyal • (financial) Alternative form of 二 (èr, “two”)
|
|Kyūjitai form of 弐
|貳 • (i) · 貳 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhị • Hán-Nôm : nhì • Hán-Nôm : nhẹ
|
|貳
|-
|-
|貶
|貶
|Cantonese · Jyutping : bin² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pián
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *promʔ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : bin² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pián • Middle-Chinese : pjemX
|to reduce; to lower • (literary) to demote • to vilify; to censure; to criticize • (grammar) negative polarity
|to reduce; to lower • (literary) to demote • to vilify; to censure; to criticize • (grammar) negative polarity
|
|
Line 13,620: Line 16,583:
|貶 • (pyeom) · 貶 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)
|貶 • (pyeom) · 貶 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biếm • Hán-Nôm : bâm • Hán-Nôm : mém
|
|
|貶
|貶
|-
|-
|貽
|貽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi
|to give as a present • to hand down; to leave behind
|to give as a present • to hand down; to leave behind
|
|
Line 13,630: Line 16,595:
|貽 (eum 이 (i))
|貽 (eum 이 (i))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : di
|
|
|貽
|貽
|-
|-
|賁
|賁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn) : phonetic 卉 (OC *hmɯlʔ, *hmɯls) + semantic 貝 (“cowry”) for the reading bì (*prals). The character was borrowed for the word 奔 (OC *pɯːn, *pɯːns) in ancient times, hence its reading bēn (*pɯːn). ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 賁 – see 斑 (“spot; stripe; spotted; striped; mottled; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 斑).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pjeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Middle-Chinese : pwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : bjun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ • Middle-Chinese : bj+j ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖  
|to adorn oneself (with jewellery) • to honor with one's presence • 22nd hexagram of the I Ching ‖ brave, energetic, forge ahead (same as 奔) • cardia ‖ three-legged tortoise • Used in 賁鼓／贲鼓 (“large drum”). ‖ a surname. ‖ Only used in 賁渾／贲浑. ‖ Only used in 賁禺／贲禺. ‖ Alternative form of 墳／坟 • Alternative form of 忿 (fèn) ‖ Alternative form of 僨／偾 (fèn) • Alternative form of 奮／奋 (fèn) ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 笨 (“thick”)
|to adorn oneself (with jewellery) • to honor with one's presence • 22nd hexagram of the I Ching ‖ brave, energetic, forge ahead (same as 奔) • cardia ‖ three-legged tortoise • Used in 賁鼓／贲鼓 (“large drum”). ‖ a surname. ‖ Only used in 賁渾／贲浑. ‖ Only used in 賁禺／贲禺. ‖ Alternative form of 墳／坟 • Alternative form of 忿 (fèn) ‖ Alternative form of 僨／偾 (fèn) • Alternative form of 奮／奋 (fèn) ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 笨 (“thick”)
|
|
Line 13,640: Line 16,607:
|賁 (eumhun 클 분 (keul bun)) ‖ 賁 (eumhun 꾸밀 비 (kkumil bi))
|賁 (eumhun 클 분 (keul bun)) ‖ 賁 (eumhun 꾸밀 비 (kkumil bi))
| ‖  
| ‖  
|Hán-Nôm : bí • Hán-Nôm : bôn
|
|
|賁
|賁
|-
|-
|賅
|賅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai • Middle-Chinese : koj
|complete; comprehensive • to include
|complete; comprehensive • to include
|
|
|prepared for • inclusive
|prepared for • inclusive
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,654: Line 16,624:
|-
|-
|賈
|賈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ké • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kée ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːʔ, *kraːs, *klaːʔ) : phonetic 襾 (OC *qraːs) + semantic 貝 (“shellfish”). ‖ Cognate with 酤 (OC *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ, “to buy alcoholic drink”)，沽 (OC *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs, “to buy or sell”). ‖ Cognate with 酤 (OC *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ, “to buy alcoholic drink”)，沽 (OC *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs, “to buy or sell”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ké • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kée • Middle-Chinese : kaeX ‖  ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³ • Middle-Chinese : kaeH
|a surname ‖ merchant • to trade; to do business • (literary) to buy • (literary) to lead to; to incur; to bring about • (literary) to sell ‖ Alternative form of 價／价 (“price; value”)
|a surname ‖ merchant • to trade; to do business • (literary) to buy • (literary) to lead to; to incur; to bring about • (literary) to sell ‖ Alternative form of 價／价 (“price; value”)
|
|
Line 13,660: Line 16,631:
|賈 • (ga, go) · 賈 • (ga, go) (hangeul 가, 고, revised ga, go, McCune–Reischauer ka, ko, Yale ka, ko)
|賈 • (ga, go) · 賈 • (ga, go) (hangeul 가, 고, revised ga, go, McCune–Reischauer ka, ko, Yale ka, ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổ • Hán-Nôm : giá • Hán-Nôm : giả • Hán-Nôm : giớ
|
|
|賈
|賈
|-
|-
|賑
|賑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns) : semantic 貝 (“money”) + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn) – having money, giving money (support).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Middle-Chinese : tsyinX • Middle-Chinese : tsyinH
|
|
|
|
|flourish • be bustling • prosperity
|flourish • be bustling • prosperity
|賑 • (jin) · 賑 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
|賑 • (jin) · 賑 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,674: Line 16,648:
|-
|-
|賒
|賒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia
|Originally written as 賖, which is a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljaː) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) – to buy or sell on credit. \ In the era of Middle Chinese, a vulgar form 𧶟, also a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) with phonetic component 舍 (MC syaeX|syaeH) that was more similar-sounding to the character, once appeared but never became popularized. \ The current form 賒 appeared as a vulgar form at the Ming-Qing transition and is a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) with phonetic component 佘 that is similar-sounding to the character. \ According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m/s-laj ~ r/s-lej ~ b-rej (“to change, exchange, buy”) (whence also 移 (OC *lal, “change, alter”) & 易 (OC *leɡ, “change, exchange”)); if so, Chinese vocalism might have been influenced by superficially similar words like 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ, “to bestow, to give”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ 商 (OC *hljaŋ) is its derivative with terminative suffix *-ŋ; 貰 (OC), minimally reconstructed as *lhas ~ *m-las, is another with *-s > *-h extrovert suffix (ibid.). \ Thai แลก (lɛ̂ɛk)'s possible relation to 賒 (OC *hljaː) (ibid.) is through its cognate 易 (OC *leːɡs, *leɡ), wherefrom arose Thai แลก (lɛ̂ɛk), Lao ແລກ (lǣk), Shan လႅၵ်ႈ (lēk), Tai Nüa ᥘᥦᥐ (laek), & Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜀𑜫 (lik) (Pittayaporn, 2014) \ Lastly, Bodman (1980)) proposes cognacy to Tibetan གྱར་བ (gyar ba, “to borrow, to lend, to hire”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia • Middle-Chinese : syae
|to buy and sell on credit • ^† to forgive • ^† distant; far • ^† (of time) long; long-standing • ^† sparse; rare • ^† slow
|to buy and sell on credit • ^† to forgive • ^† distant; far • ^† (of time) long; long-standing • ^† sparse; rare • ^† slow
|
|
Line 13,680: Line 16,655:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 賒: Hán Việt readings: xa 賒: Nôm readings: xa
|far
|far
|賒
|賒
|-
|-
|賬
|賬
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋs) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng
|account; bill • debt • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet) account
|account; bill • debt • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet) account
Line 13,689: Line 16,666:
|
|
|賬 • (jang) · 賬 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|賬 • (jang) · 賬 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,694: Line 16,672:
|-
|-
|賺
|賺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuán ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tānn
|Originally as 𧸖. \ In the current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːms) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuán • Middle-Chinese : dreamH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tānn
|to make a profit • (regional) to earn (money) • to win; to get • (informal) profit ‖ (colloquial) to deceive; to fool; to cheat ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) wrong; erroneous
|to make a profit • (regional) to earn (money) • to win; to get • (informal) profit ‖ (colloquial) to deceive; to fool; to cheat ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) wrong; erroneous
|
|
Line 13,700: Line 16,679:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 賺: Hán Việt readings: khiếm • canonical : trám
|
|
|賺
|賺
|-
|-
|賽
|賽
|Cantonese · Jyutping : coi³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯːɡs) : abbreviated phonetic 塞 (OC *slɯːɡs, *slɯːɡ) + semantic 貝 (“shell”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : coi³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Middle-Chinese : sojH
|to compete; to contend • competition; contest; race
|to compete; to contend • competition; contest; race
|
|
Line 13,710: Line 16,691:
|賽 (eumhun 굿할 새 (guthal sae))
|賽 (eumhun 굿할 새 (guthal sae))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tái • Hán-Nôm : trại • Hán-Nôm : tày • Hán-Nôm : tầy • Hán-Nôm : táy
|
|
|賽
|賽
|-
|-
|贅
|贅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsè
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 敖 (“ramble; travel”) + 貝 (“money”) – "money that goes away and ought to be taken back" – originally meaning a kind of collateral, or pawn. 贅 later was borrowed for sound to signify "belonging; attachment; linking", which is closer to the modern meaning of "superfluous".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsè • Middle-Chinese : tsywejH
|unnecessary, superfluous • to marry into and live with one's wife's family
|unnecessary, superfluous • to marry into and live with one's wife's family
| ‖ 贅(ぜい) • (zei) ‖ 贅(ふすべ) • (fusube)
| ‖ 贅(ぜい) • (zei) ‖ 贅(ふすべ) • (fusube)
Line 13,720: Line 16,703:
|贅 (eum 췌 (chwe))
|贅 (eum 췌 (chwe))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuế • Hán-Nôm : xuế
|
|
|贅
|贅
|-
|-
|贍
|贍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām • Middle-Chinese : dzyemH
|to provide for; to support; to supply • (literary) sufficient; plentiful; rich • (of writing) rich; magnificent; knowledgeable
|to provide for; to support; to supply • (literary) sufficient; plentiful; rich • (of writing) rich; magnificent; knowledgeable
|
|
|
|
|贍 • (seom) · 贍 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
|贍 • (seom) · 贍 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,734: Line 16,720:
|-
|-
|贏
|贏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeng⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leŋ) : phonetic 𣎆 () + semantic 貝 (“cowry; money”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : yeng
|to win; to triumph; to be victorious • to beat; to defeat (someone); to triumph over • to make a profit • (Gan, Xiang) Used with 不 or 得 to express capability.
|to win; to triumph; to be victorious • to beat; to defeat (someone); to triumph over • to make a profit • (Gan, Xiang) Used with 不 or 得 to express capability.
|
|
Line 13,740: Line 16,727:
|贏 • (yeong) · 贏 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|贏 • (yeong) · 贏 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : doanh
|
|
|贏
|贏
|-
|-
|贓
|贓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsang
|booty, loot, stolen goods • to accept or take a bribe
|booty, loot, stolen goods • to accept or take a bribe
|
|
|
|
|贓 (eumhun 장물(贓物) 장 (jangmul( 贓物 ) jang))
|贓 (eumhun 장물(贓物) 장)
|Hanja form of 장 (“booty; loot; stolen goods”).
|hanja form of 장 (“booty; loot; stolen goods”)
|Hán-Nôm : tang
|
|
|贓
|贓
|-
|-
|贖
|贖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljoɡ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ); the phonetic was originally 𧷏 and has later become graphically similar to the unrelated 賣. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-lu-t-s (“to ransom; to buy off”); compare Tibetan བླུ (blu) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Middle-Chinese : zyowk
|to redeem • to ransom
|to redeem • to ransom
|
|
Line 13,760: Line 16,751:
|贖 • (sok) · 贖 • (sok) (hangeul 속, revised sok, McCune–Reischauer sok, Yale sok)
|贖 • (sok) · 贖 • (sok) (hangeul 속, revised sok, McCune–Reischauer sok, Yale sok)
|washing away your sin, 속죄하다 • clearing your debt by offering money, wealth or effort, 속바치다
|washing away your sin, 속죄하다 • clearing your debt by offering money, wealth or effort, 속바치다
|
|
|
|贖
|贖
|-
|-
|贛
|贛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³
|In the bronze script, it was attested as 𬔧, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 章 (“jade ornament”) + 丮 (“to hold”) – holding a jade ornament > “to bestow”. The 丮 component corrupts into 欠 or 次, and later to 夂 or a variant with 二 under 夂. An additional semantic component 貝 (“cowrie; money”) was often added. The 二 and 貝 components combine to form an emergent phonetic component 貢 (OC *koːŋs). \ Shuowen reinterprets it as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) : abbreviated phonetic 竷 (OC *kʰluːms) + semantic 貝 (“shell; money”), but this is not supported by earlier scripts. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm • Middle-Chinese : komX • Middle-Chinese : komH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³ • Middle-Chinese : kuwngH
|(～江, ～水) Gan River (a river in Jiangxi, China) • Alternative name for 江西 (Jiāngxī, “Jiangxi, a province of China.”). • Gan; Gan Chinese ‖ to grant; to bestow • a surname
|(～江, ～水) Gan River (a river in Jiangxi, China) • Alternative name for 江西 (Jiāngxī, “Jiangxi, a province of China.”). • Gan; Gan Chinese ‖ to grant; to bestow • a surname
|
|
Line 13,770: Line 16,763:
|贛 (eumhun 줄 공 (jul gong)) · 贛 (eumhun 강 이름 감 (gang ireum gam)) · 贛 (eumhun 미련할 장 (miryeonhal jang))
|贛 (eumhun 줄 공 (jul gong)) · 贛 (eumhun 강 이름 감 (gang ireum gam)) · 贛 (eumhun 미련할 장 (miryeonhal jang))
|
|
|canonical : 贛: Hán Việt readings: cống
|
|
|贛
|贛
|-
|-
|赧
|赧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naan⁵ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : naan³
| ‖ Compare Zhuang nwnj (“inflammation on the skin”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nraenX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : naan³
|(literary) blushing because of shame ‖ (Cantonese) inflammation on the skin resulting from an insect bite or an illness
|(literary) blushing because of shame ‖ (Cantonese) inflammation on the skin resulting from an insect bite or an illness
|
|
Line 13,780: Line 16,775:
|赧 • (nan) · 赧 • (nan) (hangeul 난)
|赧 • (nan) · 赧 • (nan) (hangeul 난)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nấn • Hán-Nôm : noản • Hán-Nôm : nản • Hán-Nôm : nắn • Hán-Nôm : noãn
|
|
|赧
|赧
|-
|-
|赭
|赭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze²
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(j)a-n ⪤ *tsa-n (“red”) (STEDT); cognate with Burmese တာ (ta, “red”) (as in Burmese နီတာရဲ (nitarai:, “of loud red color”)) and Burmese တျာတျာ (tya-tya, “scarlet”). According to Schuessler (2007), 朱 (OC *tjo) may be related.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze² • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeX
|red soil • ochre dye • reddish brown; burnt ochre • to dye red • bare • Short for 赭衣 (zhěyī, “red clothing worn by convicts”). • to punish
|red soil • ochre dye • reddish brown; burnt ochre • to dye red • bare • Short for 赭衣 (zhěyī, “red clothing worn by convicts”). • to punish
|
|
Line 13,790: Line 16,787:
|赭 • (ja) · 赭 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|赭 • (ja) · 赭 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|
|
|canonical : 赭: Hán Việt readings: giả 赭: Nôm readings: đỏ
|chữ Hán form of giả (“red soil, ochre, reddish brown”). • Nôm form of đỏ (“red”).
|chữ Hán form of giả (“red soil, ochre, reddish brown”). • Nôm form of đỏ (“red”).
|赭
|赭
|-
|-
|赳
|赳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau² • Middle-Chinese : kjiwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau²
|Used in 赳赳 (jiūjiū, “strong and valiant”); also used as its short form. • strong (of wind) ‖ Only used in 赳螑 (jiùxiù, “appearance of a dragon stretching its neck and moving in a wavelike manner”).
|Used in 赳赳 (jiūjiū, “strong and valiant”); also used as its short form. • strong (of wind) ‖ Only used in 赳螑 (jiùxiù, “appearance of a dragon stretching its neck and moving in a wavelike manner”).
|
|
|strong and brave
|strong and brave
|赳 • (gyu) · 赳 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|赳 • (gyu) · 赳 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,804: Line 16,804:
|-
|-
|趕
|趕
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːnʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 旱 (OC *ɡaːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuánn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuánn
|to overtake; to catch up with • to hurry; to rush • to try to catch (a bus, train, etc) • to drive (animal, vehicle) • to drive someone away; to chase away • to avail oneself of (an opportunity); happen to • (colloquial) until; till • (colloquial) rushed; hurried
|to overtake; to catch up with • to hurry; to rush • to try to catch (a bus, train, etc) • to drive (animal, vehicle) • to drive someone away; to chase away • to avail oneself of (an opportunity); happen to • (colloquial) until; till • (colloquial) rushed; hurried
Line 13,810: Line 16,811:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cản • Hán-Nôm : kiển
|
|
|趕
|趕
|-
|-
|趙
|趙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ziu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǎu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ewʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ewʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǎu • Middle-Chinese : drjewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵
|(～國) an ancient city-state, now Hongdong County in Shanxi • (～國) Zhao, a later and larger state during the Warring States period of Chinese history • (obsolete) to run; to gallop; to move quickly • a surname, listed first in the Baijiaxing. It is the family name of the Song emperors • (neologism) of the Communist Party of China ‖ to weed the ground; to hoe
|(～國) an ancient city-state, now Hongdong County in Shanxi • (～國) Zhao, a later and larger state during the Warring States period of Chinese history • (obsolete) to run; to gallop; to move quickly • a surname, listed first in the Baijiaxing. It is the family name of the Song emperors • (neologism) of the Communist Party of China ‖ to weed the ground; to hoe
|
|
Line 13,820: Line 16,823:
|趙 • (jo) · 趙 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|趙 • (jo) · 趙 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
|a surname
|a surname
|chữ Hán form of Triệu (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|Hán-Nôm : Triệu • Hán-Nôm : triệu
|Chữ Hán form of Triệu (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|趙
|趙
|-
|-
|趨
|趨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlo) : semantic 走 + phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshju
|to walk quickly; to run • to hasten; to hurry • to pursue; to seek • to attach (oneself) to; to ingratiate oneself with • to tend towards; to approach • (historical) to quickly take small steps as a sign of respect
|to walk quickly; to run • to hasten; to hurry • to pursue; to seek • to attach (oneself) to; to ingratiate oneself with • to tend towards; to approach • (historical) to quickly take small steps as a sign of respect
|
|
Line 13,830: Line 16,835:
|趨 • (chu, chok) · 趨 • (chu, chok) (hangeul 추, 촉)
|趨 • (chu, chok) · 趨 • (chu, chok) (hangeul 추, 촉)
|
|
|canonical : 趨: Hán Việt readings: xu • canonical : xúc 趨: Nôm readings: so • canonical : xúc • canonical : xu • canonical : xô
|
|
|趨
|趨
|-
|-
|跆
|跆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : doj
|trample
|trample
|
|
Line 13,840: Line 16,847:
|跆 (eum 태 (tae))
|跆 (eum 태 (tae))
|to trample • to kick
|to trample • to kick
|Hán-Nôm : đài
|
|
|跆
|跆
|-
|-
|跎
|跎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da
|Used in 蹉跎 (cuōtuó).
|Used in 蹉跎 (cuōtuó).
|
|
|
|
|跎 • (ta) · 跎 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|跎 • (ta) · 跎 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|
|
|
|跎 (đà)
|跎 (đà)
Line 13,854: Line 16,864:
|-
|-
|跚
|跚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : san
|Used in 蹣跚／蹒跚 (pánshān). • to step on; to trample
|Used in 蹣跚／蹒跚 (pánshān). • to step on; to trample
|
|
Line 13,860: Line 16,871:
|跚 • (san) · 跚 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|跚 • (san) · 跚 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : san
|
|
|跚
|跚
|-
|-
|践
|践
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|tread • step on
|tread • step on
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,874: Line 16,888:
|-
|-
|跼
|跼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjowk
|
|
|
|
|
|
|跼 (eum 국 (guk))
|跼 (eum 국 (guk))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,884: Line 16,900:
|-
|-
|踊
|踊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|to mount; to ascend • (historical) shoes for people who have had part of their foot chopped off
|to mount; to ascend • (historical) shoes for people who have had part of their foot chopped off
| ‖ 踊(よう) • (yō)
| ‖ 踊(よう) • (yō)
|to dance • dance ‖ to dance • to jump about; to jump up
|to dance • dance ‖ to dance • to jump about; to jump up
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,894: Line 16,912:
|-
|-
|踝
|踝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːlʔ) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hwaeX
|ankle
|ankle
|
|
|ankle • heel • exposed legs
|ankle • heel • exposed legs
|踝 (eum 과 (gwa))
|踝 (eum 과 (gwa))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,904: Line 16,924:
|-
|-
|踟
|踟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *de) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 知 (OC *ʔl'e).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : drje
|to walk back and forth • to hesitate
|to walk back and forth • to hesitate
|
|
|
|
|踟 • (ji) · 踟 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
|踟 • (ji) · 踟 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
|
|
|
|
|
|踟
|踟
|-
|踪
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoŋ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).
|
|
|
|footprint
|踪 (eumhun 자취 종 (jachwi jong))
|hanja form of 종 (“footprints, traces, tracks”)
|
|
|踪
|-
|-
|踫
|踫
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,924: Line 16,960:
|-
|-
|踴
|踴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋʔ) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 勇 (OC *loŋʔ). \ Compare Khmer ប្លោង (plaong, “to leap over; to throw upward”) (Schuessler, 2007). Perhaps related to 逾 (OC *lo, “to exceed; to cross over”) and 溶 (OC *loŋ, “much water”) (ibid.).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX
|to jump upwards; to leap • (of prices) to go up; to rise
|to jump upwards; to leap • (of prices) to go up; to rise
|
|
Line 13,930: Line 16,967:
|踴 • (yong) · 踴 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|踴 • (yong) · 踴 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dũng
|
|
|踴
|踴
|-
|-
|踵
|踵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋʔ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng • Middle-Chinese : tsyowngX
|heel • to follow • to visit; to call on
|heel • to follow • to visit; to call on
| ‖ 踵(かかと) • (kakato) ‖ 踵(くびいす) • (kubiisu) ^(←くびひす (kubifisu)?) ‖ 踵(くびす) • (kubisu) ‖ 踵(あくと) • (akuto) ‖ 踵(あぐと) • (aguto)
| ‖ 踵(かかと) • (kakato) ‖ 踵(くびいす) • (kubiisu) ^(←くびひす (kubifisu)?) ‖ 踵(くびす) • (kubisu) ‖ 踵(あくと) • (akuto) ‖ 踵(あぐと) • (aguto)
| ‖ heel ‖ the bottom of the foot; the heel ‖ heel ‖ heel ‖ heel
| ‖ heel ‖ the bottom of the foot; the heel ‖ heel ‖ heel ‖ heel
|踵 (eumhun 발꿈치 종 (balkkumchi jong))
|踵 (eumhun 발꿈치 종 (balkkumchi jong))
|Hanja form of 종 (“heel”).
|hanja form of 종 (“heel”)
|canonical : 踵: Hán Việt readings: chủng
|
|
|踵
|踵
|-
|-
|踹
|踹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshué ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jaai²
| ‖  ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshué ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun³ • Middle-Chinese : dzywenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : twanH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² ‖  
|to step on; to tread; to stamp • to kick (with the sole of the foot suddenly and forcefully) • (figurative, slang) to dump (a partner); to ditch ‖ heel (of the foot) ‖ foot • to stamp (foot) • to kick (with foot) ‖ calf (of the leg) ‖ (Cantonese) to step; to trample
|to step on; to tread; to stamp • to kick (with the sole of the foot suddenly and forcefully) • (figurative, slang) to dump (a partner); to ditch ‖ heel (of the foot) ‖ foot • to stamp (foot) • to kick (with foot) ‖ calf (of the leg) ‖ (Cantonese) to step; to trample
|
|
|
|
|踹 • (dan) · 踹 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan)
|踹 • (dan) · 踹 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,954: Line 16,996:
|-
|-
|蹉
|蹉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuê
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlaːl) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuê • Middle-Chinese : tsha
|to slip and fall • to err; to make a mistake • to step on; to trample • to pass by
|to slip and fall • to err; to make a mistake • to step on; to trample • to pass by
|
|
|to trip, to stumble • to pass by
|to trip, to stumble • to pass by
|蹉 • (cha) · 蹉 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|蹉 • (cha) · 蹉 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)
|
|
|
|蹉 (tha, sa)
|蹉 (tha, sa)
Line 13,964: Line 17,008:
|-
|-
|蹊
|蹊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Middle-Chinese : hej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi
|(literary) footpath • to trample on; to cross; to traverse • footprint • path; way • Alternative form of 徯 (“to wait”) ‖ Used in 蹊蹺／蹊跷.
|(literary) footpath • to trample on; to cross; to traverse • footprint • path; way • Alternative form of 徯 (“to wait”) ‖ Used in 蹊蹺／蹊跷.
|
|
|path
|path
|蹊 • (hye) · 蹊 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey)
|蹊 • (hye) · 蹊 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 13,974: Line 17,020:
|-
|-
|蹙
|蹙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjuwk
|to knit (one's brows) • to approach; to close in on • to force; to compel • to shrink; to contract • urgent; critical • Alternative form of 蹴 (“to tread on; to kick”)
|to knit (one's brows) • to approach; to close in on • to force; to compel • to shrink; to contract • urgent; critical • Alternative form of 蹴 (“to tread on; to kick”)
|
|
|knitting one's brows
|knitting one's brows
|蹙 • (chuk) · 蹙 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, Yale chwuk)
|蹙 • (chuk) · 蹙 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, Yale chwuk)
|
|
|
|
|
|蹙
|蹙
|-
|-
|蹟
|蹣
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn • Middle-Chinese : ban • Middle-Chinese : man
|(used in compounds) limping; staggering
|
|
|
|
|蹣 (eum 만 (man))
|
|
|蹟 • (jeok) · 蹟 • (jeok) (hangeul 적)
|
|
|
|
|蹟
|蹣
|-
|-
|蹣
|蹤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsloŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs, “follow”)
|(used in compounds) limping; staggering
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : tsjowng
|
|footprint; trace; track
|
|蹣 (eum 만 (man))
|
|
|蹣
|-
|蹤
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng
|footprint; trace; track
|
|
|footprint; trace; track • to follow • to release, to free
|footprint; trace; track • to follow • to release, to free
|蹤 • (jong) · 蹤 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|蹤 • (jong) · 蹤 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|
|
|canonical : 蹤: Hán Việt readings: tung 蹤: Nôm readings: tung
|chữ Hán form of tung (“footprint”).
|chữ Hán form of tung (“footprint”).
|蹤
|蹤
|-
|-
|蹶
|蹶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwejH • Middle-Chinese : kjwot • Middle-Chinese : kjwet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ
|to tumble; to fall down • to run • to fail • to step on; to tread on • rapidly; suddenly ‖  ‖  
|to tumble; to fall down • to run • to fail • to step on; to tread on • rapidly; suddenly ‖  ‖  
|
|
|to tumble; to fall down • to defeat; to topple • to spring out
|to tumble; to fall down • to defeat; to topple • to spring out
|蹶 (eumhun 넘어질 궐 (neomeojil gwol)) ‖ 蹶 (eumhun 움직일 궤 (umjigil gwe))
|蹶 (eumhun 넘어질 궐 (neomeojil gwol)) ‖ 蹶 (eumhun 움직일 궤 (umjigil gwe))
|Hanja form of 궐 (“to stumble; to fall down”). ‖ (literary) Hanja form of 궤 (“to move”).
|hanja form of 궐 (“to stumble; to fall down”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 궤 (“to move”)
|
|
|
|蹶
|蹶
|-
|-
|蹺
|蹺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiau
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiau • Middle-Chinese : khjiew
|to raise one's foot
|to raise one's foot
|
|
Line 14,030: Line 17,075:
|蹺 • (gyo) · 蹺 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|蹺 • (gyo) · 蹺 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghều
|
|
|蹺
|蹺
|-
|-
|蹼
|蹼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *poːɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : puwk
|web; the membrane-like part between toes (of animals)
|web; the membrane-like part between toes (of animals)
|
|
|
|
|蹼 • (bok) · 蹼 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|蹼 • (bok) · 蹼 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,044: Line 17,092:
|-
|-
|躂
|躂
|Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Middle-Chinese : that ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹
|to stumble; to slip; to fall down ‖ Only used in 蹓躂／蹓跶. ‖ (onomatopoeia) footstep sound
|to stumble; to slip; to fall down ‖ Only used in 蹓躂／蹓跶. ‖ (onomatopoeia) footstep sound
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,054: Line 17,104:
|-
|-
|躅
|躅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjowk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ
|Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to step on • ^† footprint ‖ ^† footprint
|Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to step on • ^† footprint ‖ ^† footprint
|
|
Line 14,060: Line 17,111:
|躅 • (chok) · 躅 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|躅 • (chok) · 躅 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trục
|Nôm: trục, xộc
|Nôm: trục, xộc
|躅
|躅
|-
|-
|躇
|躇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍h
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû • Middle-Chinese : drjo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍h
|to walk back and forth • to hesitate; to falter; to be undecided • to trample on ‖ to overstep; to pass over; to advance out of turn ‖ (Hokkien) impractical and stupid (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally
|to walk back and forth • to hesitate; to falter; to be undecided • to trample on ‖ to overstep; to pass over; to advance out of turn ‖ (Hokkien) impractical and stupid (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally
|
|
Line 14,070: Line 17,123:
|躇 • (jeo, chak) · 躇 • (jeo, chak) (hangeul 저, 착, revised jeo, chak, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, ch'ak, Yale ce, chak)
|躇 • (jeo, chak) · 躇 • (jeo, chak) (hangeul 저, 착, revised jeo, chak, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, ch'ak, Yale ce, chak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chứa
|
|
|躇
|躇
|-
|-
|躉
|躉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dan² ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : dan²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dan² ‖  
|wholesale • to buy wholesale; to hoard for speculation ‖ (Cantonese) foundation; support (of an object) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) buttocks; bottom; behind • (Cantonese) to place; to put • (Cantonese) Classifier for buildings.
|wholesale • to buy wholesale; to hoard for speculation ‖ (Cantonese) foundation; support (of an object) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) buttocks; bottom; behind • (Cantonese) to place; to put • (Cantonese) Classifier for buildings.
|
|
|
|
|躉 • (don) · 躉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, revised don, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton)
|躉 • (don) · 躉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, revised don, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,084: Line 17,140:
|-
|-
|躊
|躊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiûnn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiûnn • Middle-Chinese : drjuw
|Used in 躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú), etc.
|Used in 躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú), etc.
|
|
|
|
|躊 • (ju) · 躊 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|躊 • (ju) · 躊 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,094: Line 17,152:
|-
|-
|躑
|躑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 鄭 (OC *deŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjek
|Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to kick • ^† to jump • ^‡ foot filth, Alternative form of 蹢
|Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to kick • ^† to jump • ^‡ foot filth, Alternative form of 蹢
|
|
Line 14,100: Line 17,159:
|躑 • (cheok) · 躑 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|躑 • (cheok) · 躑 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trịch
|
|
|躑
|躑
|-
|-
|躡
|躡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *neb) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 聶 (OC *neb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neh • Middle-Chinese : nrjep
|to walk on tiptoe; to lighten one's steps • to follow • (literary) to tread; to trample; to step on • (literary) to put on (shoes)
|to walk on tiptoe; to lighten one's steps • to follow • (literary) to tread; to trample; to step on • (literary) to put on (shoes)
|
|
|
|
|躡 • (seop) · 躡 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep)
|躡 • (seop) · 躡 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,114: Line 17,176:
|-
|-
|躪
|躪
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶
|
|
|
|
|
|
|躪 (eumhun 짓밟을 린 (jitbalbeul rin), South Korea 짓밟을 인 (jitbalbeul in))
|躪 (eumhun 짓밟을 린 (jitbalbeul rin), word-initial (South Korea) 짓밟을 인 (jitbalbeul in))
|Hanja form of 린 (“to trample”).
|hanja form of 린 (“to trample”)
|
|
|
|躪
|躪
|-
|-
|軀
|軀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰo) : semantic 身 (“body”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kəw (“body; chest; thorax; corpse”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སྐུ (sku, “body”) and Burmese ကိုယ် (kuiy, “body”). ‖ Probably the same as etymology 1 (Hsu, 2019). Lin (2007) considers it to be a contraction of 身軀／身躯 (sin-khu).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi • Middle-Chinese : khju ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : su
|human body ‖ (Hokkien) body • (Hokkien) Classifier for sets of clothing.
|human body ‖ (Hokkien) body • (Hokkien) Classifier for sets of clothing.
| ‖  
| ‖  
|body ‖  
|body ‖  
|軀 (eumhun 몸 구 (mom gu))
|軀 (eumhun 몸 구 (mom gu))
|Hanja form of 구 (“body”).
|hanja form of 구 (“body”)
|
|
|
|軀
|軀
|-
|-
|軋
|軋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : at • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kauh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : at • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah • Middle-Chinese : 'eat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kauh
|to crush by weight • to oust; to squeeze out • (onomatopoeia) sound of a machine running • a surname: Ya ‖ (dialectal) to jostle; to push against; to squeeze together • (dialectal) to associate with • (dialectal) to check ‖ to roll (steel) ‖ (Hokkien) to tip over and crush something ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)
|to crush by weight • to oust; to squeeze out • (onomatopoeia) sound of a machine running • a surname: Ya ‖ (dialectal) to jostle; to push against; to squeeze together • (dialectal) to associate with • (dialectal) to check ‖ to roll (steel) ‖ (Hokkien) to tip over and crush something ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)
|
|
Line 14,140: Line 17,207:
|軋 • (al) · 軋 • (al) (hangeul 알, revised al, McCune–Reischauer al, Yale al)
|軋 • (al) · 軋 • (al) (hangeul 알, revised al, McCune–Reischauer al, Yale al)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ca • Hán-Nôm : loát • Hán-Nôm : yết
|
|
|軋
|軋
|-
|-
|軔
|軔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Middle-Chinese : nyinH
|brake
|brake
|
|
Line 14,150: Line 17,219:
|軔 • (in) · 軔 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in, Yale in)
|軔 • (in) · 軔 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in, Yale in)
|a piece of wood serving as a brake to halt a carriage
|a piece of wood serving as a brake to halt a carriage
|
|
|
|軔
|軔
|-
|-
|軛
|軛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːɡ) : semantic 車 (“chariot”) + phonetic 厄 (OC *qreːɡ, “yoke”) – specialized form of 厄. \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔik (“to strangle”), whence also 縊 (OC *qleːɡs, *qleɡs, “to strangle”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak • Middle-Chinese : 'eak
|yoke • to restrain; to control
|yoke • to restrain; to control
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,164: Line 17,236:
|-
|-
|軻
|軻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ho² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ho² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Middle-Chinese : kha • Middle-Chinese : khaX • Middle-Chinese : khaH
|
|
|
|
|
|
|軻 • (ga) · 軻 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|軻 • (ga) · 軻 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,174: Line 17,248:
|-
|-
|軼
|軼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yit
|to surpass; to excel • to invade; to attack • (alt. form 佚, 逸) scattered; lost • Alternative form of 逸 (yì, “leisurely”) • Alternative form of 溢 (yì, “to overflow”)
|to surpass; to excel • to invade; to attack • (alt. form 佚, 逸) scattered; lost • Alternative form of 逸 (yì, “leisurely”) • Alternative form of 溢 (yì, “to overflow”)
|
|
|
|
|軼 • (il) · 軼 • (il) (hangeul 일, revised il, McCune–Reischauer il, Yale il)
|軼 • (il) · 軼 • (il) (hangeul 일, revised il, McCune–Reischauer il, Yale il)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,184: Line 17,260:
|-
|-
|軾
|軾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯɡ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 式 (OC *hljɯɡ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : syik
|horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair • to hold onto the horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair
|horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair • to hold onto the horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair
|
|
|
|
|軾 • (sik) · 軾 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik)
|軾 • (sik) · 軾 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,194: Line 17,272:
|-
|-
|輊
|輊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Middle-Chinese : trijH
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trất • Hán-Nôm : chí
|
|
|輊
|輊
|-
|-
|輒
|輒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teb) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 耴 (OC *ŋrid, *teb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiap • Middle-Chinese : trjep
|then • at once • always • (archaic) the luggage rack on a chariot
|then • at once • always • (archaic) the luggage rack on a chariot
|
|
Line 14,210: Line 17,291:
|輒 (eum 첩 (cheop))
|輒 (eum 첩 (cheop))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : triếp
|
|
|輒
|輒
|-
|-
|輓
|輓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buán
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *monʔ, *mons) : semantic 車 + phonetic 免 (OC *mronʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buán • Middle-Chinese : mjonX • Middle-Chinese : mjonH
|to pull; to draw • to mourn; to lament (a death) • Alternative form of 晚 (wǎn)
|to pull; to draw • to mourn; to lament (a death) • Alternative form of 晚 (wǎn)
|
|
Line 14,220: Line 17,303:
|輓 • (man) · 輓 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|輓 • (man) · 輓 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vãn
|
|
|輓
|輓
|-
|-
|輔
|輔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baʔ) : semantic 車 + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù • Middle-Chinese : bjuX
|(obsolete) protective wooden bars that helped prevent a carriage from overturning • (literary) cheek • to assist • (historical) area near the capital
|(obsolete) protective wooden bars that helped prevent a carriage from overturning • (literary) cheek • to assist • (historical) area near the capital
|
|
Line 14,230: Line 17,315:
|輔 (eum 보 (bo))
|輔 (eum 보 (bo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phụ
|
|
|輔
|輔
|-
|-
|輛
|輛
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋs) : semantic 車 (“vehicle”) + phonetic 兩 (OC *raŋʔ, *raŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng
|Classifier for wheeled vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
|Classifier for wheeled vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
Line 14,240: Line 17,327:
|輛 • (ryang>yang) · 輛 • (ryang>yang) (hangeul 량>양, revised ryang>yang, McCune–Reischauer ryang>yang, Yale lyang>yang)
|輛 • (ryang>yang) · 輛 • (ryang>yang) (hangeul 량>양, revised ryang>yang, McCune–Reischauer ryang>yang, Yale lyang>yang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lượng • Hán-Nôm : lưỡng • Hán-Nôm : lẫng
|
|
|輛
|輛
|-
|-
|輜
|輜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsrhi
|(rare) A carriage that has a covered roof • (literary) A carriage with a cover on it
|(rare) A carriage that has a covered roof • (literary) A carriage with a cover on it
|
|
|
|
|輜 • (chi) · 輜 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|輜 • (chi) · 輜 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,254: Line 17,344:
|-
|-
|輟
|輟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 車 (“carriage; chariot”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, as a cognate of 駐 (OC *tos) with *-t/*-d causative suffix (Jin, 2004).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH • Middle-Chinese : trjwet
|to stop; to suspend; to halt
|to stop; to suspend; to halt
|
|
Line 14,260: Line 17,351:
|輟 (eum 철 (cheol))
|輟 (eum 철 (cheol))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuyết • Hán-Nôm : xoẹt • Hán-Nôm : xuyết
|
|
|輟
|輟
|-
|-
|輦
|輦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Middle-Chinese : ljenX
|handcart • imperial carriage • to transport by carriage • (Southern Min) wheel
|handcart • imperial carriage • to transport by carriage • (Southern Min) wheel
|
|
|
|
|輦 (eum 련 (ryeon), South Korea 연 (yeon))
|輦 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lén • Hán-Nôm : lẻn • Hán-Nôm : liễn • Hán-Nôm : rịn
|
|
|輦
|輦
|-
|-
|輯
|輯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zib) : semantic 車 + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p • Middle-Chinese : dzip
|to gather up; to collect • to edit; to compile • Classifier for parts or volumes of a book or other literary work.
|to gather up; to collect • to edit; to compile • Classifier for parts or volumes of a book or other literary work.
|
|
Line 14,280: Line 17,375:
|輯 • (jip) · 輯 • (jip) (hangeul 집, revised jip, McCune–Reischauer chip, Yale cip)
|輯 • (jip) · 輯 • (jip) (hangeul 집, revised jip, McCune–Reischauer chip, Yale cip)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tập
|
|
|輯
|輯
|-
|-
|輻
|輻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok • Middle-Chinese : pjuwH • Middle-Chinese : pjuwk
|spokes of a wheel • Alternative form of 輹／𰺓
|spokes of a wheel • Alternative form of 輹／𰺓
|
|
Line 14,290: Line 17,387:
|輻 (eum 복 (bok)) · 輻 (eum 폭 (pok))
|輻 (eum 복 (bok)) · 輻 (eum 폭 (pok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phúc • Hán-Nôm : bức
|
|
|輻
|輻
|-
|-
|輾
|輾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tián
|* Etymology 1: Corrupted from 𨋚: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ndens, *tenʔ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 㞋 (). \ * Etymology 2: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ndens, *tenʔ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 展 (OC *tenʔ, *tens) ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Middle-Chinese : nrjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tián • Middle-Chinese : trjenX
|Alternative form of 碾 (niǎn, “to crush (something) flat with a wheel; to run over”) ‖ Used in 輾轉／辗转 (zhǎnzhuǎn, “to toss and turn”). • a surname
|Alternative form of 碾 (niǎn, “to crush (something) flat with a wheel; to run over”) ‖ Used in 輾轉／辗转 (zhǎnzhuǎn, “to toss and turn”). • a surname
|
|
|
|
|輾 • (jeon) · 輾 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|輾 • (jeon) · 輾 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,304: Line 17,404:
|-
|-
|轂
|轂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok • Middle-Chinese : kuwk
|hub of a wheel • wheel • chariot; cart
|hub of a wheel • wheel • chariot; cart
|
|
Line 14,310: Line 17,411:
|轂 (eum 곡 (gok))
|轂 (eum 곡 (gok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cốc
|
|
|轂
|轂
|-
|-
|轅
|轅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷan) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 袁 (OC *ɢʷan).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uân • Middle-Chinese : hjwon
|
|
|
|
Line 14,320: Line 17,423:
|轅 • (won) · 轅 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|轅 • (won) · 轅 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|axle • magistrate's office
|axle • magistrate's office
|Hán-Nôm : viên
|
|
|轅
|轅
|-
|-
|轍
|轍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍t
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ded) : semantic 車 (“wagon”) + abbreviated phonetic 徹 (OC *tʰed) – wagon tracks.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍t • Middle-Chinese : drjet
|wagon ruts; wheel tracks • path • way; method • rhyme
|wagon ruts; wheel tracks • path • way; method • rhyme
| ‖ 轍(わだち) • (wadachi) ‖ 轍(てつ) • (tetsu)
| ‖ 轍(わだち) • (wadachi) ‖ 轍(てつ) • (tetsu)
Line 14,330: Line 17,435:
|轍 • (cheol) · 轍 • (cheol) (hangeul 철, revised cheol, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏl, Yale chel)
|轍 • (cheol) · 轍 • (cheol) (hangeul 철, revised cheol, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏl, Yale chel)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : triệt
|
|
|轍
|轍
|-
|-
|轎
|轎
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrew, *ɡrews) : semantic 車 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : gjewH
|bamboo carriage • sedan chair; palanquin (Classifier: 頂／顶 c)
|bamboo carriage • sedan chair; palanquin (Classifier: 頂／顶 c)
|
|
Line 14,340: Line 17,447:
|轎 • (gyo) · 轎 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|轎 • (gyo) · 轎 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|palanquin • sedan chair
|palanquin • sedan chair
|Hán-Nôm : kiệu
|
|
|轎
|轎
|-
|-
|轔
|轔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin, *rins) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lin • Middle-Chinese : linH
|(Classical) sound of rumbling of wheels • (Classical) threshold; doorsill; doorstep • (Classical) wheel
|(Classical) sound of rumbling of wheels • (Classical) threshold; doorsill; doorstep • (Classical) wheel
|
|
Line 14,350: Line 17,459:
|轔 • (rin>in) · 轔 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|轔 • (rin>in) · 轔 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|rumbling of vehicles • wheel • tread
|rumbling of vehicles • wheel • tread
|
|
|
|轔
|轔
|-
|-
|轟
|轟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|Triplication of 車 (“cart”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : xweang • Middle-Chinese : xweangH
|(onomatopoeia) bang; boom • to rumble; to explode; to blast • to shoo away; to expel
|(onomatopoeia) bang; boom • to rumble; to explode; to blast • to shoo away; to expel
|
|
|roar • thunder • boom • resound
|roar • thunder • boom • resound
|轟 (eumhun 울릴 굉 (ullil goeng))
|轟 (eumhun 울릴 굉 (ullil goeng))
|Hanja form of 굉 (“roar; thunder; boom”).
|hanja form of 굉 (“roar; thunder; boom”)
|Hán-Nôm : huênh • Hán-Nôm : oanh • Hán-Nôm : oang • Hán-Nôm : oàng
|
|
|轟
|轟
|-
|-
|轡
|轡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 絲 (“rope”) + 軎 (“carriage part”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pijH
|bridle of horse • reins
|bridle of horse • reins
| ‖ 轡(くつわ) • (kutsuwa)
| ‖ 轡(くつわ) • (kutsuwa)
Line 14,370: Line 17,483:
|轡 (eumhun 고삐 비 (goppi bi))
|轡 (eumhun 고삐 비 (goppi bi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bí
|
|
|轡
|轡
|-
|-
|辞
|辞
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖  
| ‖  
|speech • to quit ‖  
|speech • to quit ‖  
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,384: Line 17,500:
|-
|-
|辦
|辦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *breːns) : phonetic 辡 (OC *prenʔ, *brenʔ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Cognate with Tibetan བྲེལ་བ (brel ba, “to be employed; busy”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān • Middle-Chinese : beanH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān
|to deal with; to handle; to manage; to take care of • to prepare; to get something ready • to process; to obtain (e.g. a visa/passport) • to set up; to run • to bring to justice; to punish • (only in compounds) Short for 辦公室／办公室 (bàngōngshì, “office”). • (euphemistic) to kill off; to murder ‖ (Cantonese, Southern Min) sample; specimen (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) template
|to deal with; to handle; to manage; to take care of • to prepare; to get something ready • to process; to obtain (e.g. a visa/passport) • to set up; to run • to bring to justice; to punish • (only in compounds) Short for 辦公室／办公室 (bàngōngshì, “office”). • (euphemistic) to kill off; to murder ‖ (Cantonese, Southern Min) sample; specimen (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) template
|
|
Line 14,390: Line 17,507:
|辦 (eumhun 힘들일 판 (himdeuril pan)) ‖ 辦 (eum 변 (byeon))
|辦 (eumhun 힘들일 판 (himdeuril pan)) ‖ 辦 (eum 변 (byeon))
|manage • do • handle • deal with ‖  
|manage • do • handle • deal with ‖  
|Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bạn
|(only in compound biện pháp) chữ Hán form of biện (“to handle, to do; to prepare”).
|(only in compound biện pháp) chữ Hán form of biện (“to handle, to do; to prepare”).
|辦
|辦
|-
|-
|辮
|辮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pīnn
|Exopassive of 編 (OC *pen, *peːn, *peːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pīnn • Middle-Chinese : benX
|braid; plait • braid-like object
|braid; plait • braid-like object
|
|
Line 14,400: Line 17,519:
|辮 (eum 변 (byeon))
|辮 (eum 변 (byeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bện
|
|
|辮
|辮
|-
|-
|迥
|迥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing² • Middle-Chinese : hwengX
|distant; far • drastically different; far different • (literary) remote place • (literary) tall • (literary) totally; completely
|distant; far • drastically different; far different • (literary) remote place • (literary) tall • (literary) totally; completely
|
|
Line 14,410: Line 17,531:
|迥 • (hyeong) · 迥 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|迥 • (hyeong) · 迥 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|
|
|canonical : 迥: Hán Việt readings: huýnh 迥: Hán Nôm readings: huýnh • canonical : quánh • canonical : huếnh • canonical : quýnh
|
|
|迥
|迥
|-
|-
|迦
|迦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khia ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ka, *kal, *kraːl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ka, *kal, *kraːl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khia • Middle-Chinese : kja • Middle-Chinese : kae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ
|Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 邂 (xiè)
|Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 邂 (xiè)
|
|
Line 14,420: Line 17,543:
|迦 • (ga) · 迦 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|迦 • (ga) · 迦 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : già • Hán-Nôm : dà • Hán-Nôm : ca
|
|
|迦
|迦
|-
|-
|迴
|迴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwoj • Middle-Chinese : hwojH
|to revolve; to rotate • to avoid • winding; tortuous • Alternative form of 回 (huí, “to return; to go back”)
|to revolve; to rotate • to avoid • winding; tortuous • Alternative form of 回 (huí, “to return; to go back”)
|
|
Line 14,430: Line 17,555:
|迴 • (hoe) · 迴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|迴 • (hoe) · 迴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hồi
|
|
|迴
|迴
|-
|迹
|
|
|
|
|迹 • (jeok) · 迹 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)
|
|
|迹
|-
|-
|迺
|迺
|For pronunciation and definitions of 迺 – see 乃 (“you, your; be; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 乃).
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : se̍h
|Hokkien · Tai-lo : se̍h
|(Hokkien) Alternative form of 踅
|(Hokkien) Alternative form of 踅
Line 14,449: Line 17,566:
|
|
|迺 • (nae) · 迺 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay)
|迺 • (nae) · 迺 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,454: Line 17,572:
|-
|-
|逅
|逅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hau⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːs) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 后 (OC *ɡoːʔ, *ɡoːs). \ Cognate with 遘 (OC *koːs, *koːs, “to meet”)，覯 (OC *koːs, “to come across”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : huwH
|Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu).
|Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu).
|
|
|
|
|逅 • (hu) · 逅 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu)
|逅 • (hu) · 逅 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,464: Line 17,584:
|-
|-
|逍
|逍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Middle-Chinese : sjew
|Used in 逍遙／逍遥 (xiāoyáo).
|Used in 逍遙／逍遥 (xiāoyáo).
|
|
|
|
|逍 (eumhun 거닐 소 (geonil so))
|逍 (eumhun 거닐 소 (geonil so))
|Hanja form of 소 (“wander”).
|hanja form of 소 (“wander”)
|Hán-Nôm : tiêu
|
|
|逍
|逍
|-
|-
|逕
|逕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaang³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaang³ • Middle-Chinese : kengH
|(alt. form 徑) small path • to go to; to reach • (literary, of water) to flow through • directly • (archaic) diameter
|(alt. form 徑) small path • to go to; to reach • (literary, of water) to flow through • directly • (archaic) diameter
|
|
Line 14,480: Line 17,603:
|逕 • (gyeong) · 逕 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|逕 • (gyeong) · 逕 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kính
|
|
|逕
|逕
|-
|-
|逖
|逖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Middle-Chinese : thek
|far, distant • keep at a distance
|far, distant • keep at a distance
|
|
Line 14,490: Line 17,615:
|逖 (eum 적 (jeok))
|逖 (eum 적 (jeok))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : địch
|
|
|逖
|逖
|-
|-
|這
|這
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiá ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrans) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 言 (OC *ŋan). \ The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with 遮 (zhē, “this”). \ First attested in the Tang dynasty; etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies: \ * From 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) (Lü, 1985). Wang (1990) notes that 者 always occurs after what is referred to, where as 這 always before. \ *: 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > 者 (MC tsyaeX, “this (possessive case)”) > 者 (MC tsyaeX, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin 這／这 (zhè). \ * From 之 (OC *tjɯ, “this; it”) (Wang, 1990). Norman (1988) notes that this derivation would be phonologically problematic. ‖ Original meaning of this character. It is part of the 迎 (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more.
|this; these • Synonym of 這樣／这样 (“like this; such”) • at this moment; right away; at once • here • Used before words for insults to add emphasis. • filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied. • meaningless particle in a sentence. ‖ to welcome; to greet; to receive
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiá ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH
|this; these • Synonym of 這樣／这样 (“like this; such”) • at this moment; right away; at once • here • Used before words for insults to add emphasis. • filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied. • meaningless particle in a sentence. ‖ (obsolete) to welcome; to greet; to receive
|
|
|crawl, creep, grovel • this
|crawl, creep, grovel • this
|這 (eumhun 이 저 (i jeo)) ‖ 這 (eumhun 맞을 언 (majeul eon))
|這 (eumhun 이 저 (i jeo)) ‖ 這 (eumhun 맞을 언 (majeul eon))
|Hanja form of 저 (“this; that”). [affix] ‖ Hanja form of 언 (“to greet”). [only in Chinese]
|hanja form of 저 (“this; that”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 언 (“to greet”) [only in Chinese]
|Hán-Nôm : giá • Hán-Nôm : gió
|
|
|這
|這
|-
|-
|逵
|逵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷrɯw) : semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gwij
|(literary) thoroughfare; crossroads
|(literary) thoroughfare; crossroads
|
|
|
|
|逵 • (gyu) · 逵 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|逵 • (gyu) · 逵 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,514: Line 17,644:
|-
|-
|遁
|遁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'uːnʔ, *l'uːns) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 盾 (OC *l'uːnʔ, *ɦljunʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dwonX • Middle-Chinese : dwonH
|to escape; to flee; to evade • to hide away; to conceal oneself
|to escape; to flee; to evade • to hide away; to conceal oneself
| ‖ 遁(のがれ) • (nogare)
| ‖ 遁(のがれ) • (nogare)
|escape ‖ an escape, a dodge, avoidance, evasion
|to escape, to run away ‖ an escape, a dodge, avoidance, evasion
|遁 • (dun, don) · 遁 • (dun, don) (hangeul 둔, 돈, revised dun, don, McCune–Reischauer tun, ton, Yale twun, ton)
|遁 • (dun, don) · 遁 • (dun, don) (hangeul 둔, 돈, revised dun, don, McCune–Reischauer tun, ton, Yale twun, ton)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : độn • Hán-Nôm : rộn • Hán-Nôm : trốn • Hán-Nôm : dọn • Hán-Nôm : nhộn • Hán-Nôm : trộn • Hán-Nôm : tuần
|
|
|遁
|遁
|-
|-
|遐
|遐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiô ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gra (“long (period of time)”). Cognate with Burmese ကြာ (kra, “be a long time (since)”). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe • Middle-Chinese : hae ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiô ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah
|far; distant • long-lasting • (obsolete) why; how ‖ (Hokkien) there ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that; those ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, degree) so; that • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) final question particle expressing doubt
|far; distant • long-lasting • (obsolete) why; how ‖ (Hokkien) there ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that; those ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, degree) so; that • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) final question particle expressing doubt
|
|
Line 14,530: Line 17,663:
|遐 • (ha) · 遐 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|遐 • (ha) · 遐 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hà
|
|
|遐
|遐
|-
|-
|遑
|遑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang
|(literary) free time; leisure; spare time • hurried; hasty • how; how can (in rhetorical questions) • Alternative form of 徨 (huáng) • Alternative form of 惶 (huáng, “frightened; terrified”)
|(literary) free time; leisure; spare time • hurried; hasty • how; how can (in rhetorical questions) • Alternative form of 徨 (huáng) • Alternative form of 惶 (huáng, “frightened; terrified”)
| ‖  
| ‖  
|be at great leisure • be anxious ‖  
|be at great leisure • be anxious ‖  
|遑 • (hwang) · 遑 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|遑 • (hwang) · 遑 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,544: Line 17,680:
|-
|-
|遘
|遘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːs, *koːs) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs). \ Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *gow ~ *gaw, whence Jingpho gau (kau³³, “cross over”), Burmese ကူး (ku:, “to cross over”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). \ In Chinese, cognate with 覯 (OC *koːs, “to come across”), 姤 (OC *koːs, “gou (hexagram of the I Ching)”). Possible allofams in Chinese include 冓 (OC *koːs) in 中冓 (OC *tuŋ koː, “inner chamber”) and 購 (OC *koːs, “to award”). Compare 遇 (OC *ŋos, “to meet”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo • Middle-Chinese : kuwH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàu
|^† to meet; to encounter • Alternative form of 構／构 (gòu, “to create; to form”) ‖ (Min) Alternative form of 到 (dào)
|^† to meet; to encounter • Alternative form of 構／构 (gòu, “to create; to form”) ‖ (Min) Alternative form of 到 (dào)
|
|
|
|
|遘 • (gu) · 遘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|遘 • (gu) · 遘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,554: Line 17,692:
|-
|-
|遨
|遨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːw) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 敖 (OC *ŋaːw, “ramble”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngaw
|to roam; to ramble; to travel for pleasure • (Southern Min) to spin; to rotate
|to roam; to ramble; to travel for pleasure • (Southern Min) to spin; to rotate
|
|
|
|
|遨 • (o) · 遨 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|遨 • (o) · 遨 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,564: Line 17,704:
|-
|-
|遴
|遴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Middle-Chinese : linH
|(literary) to select; to choose carefully • a surname ‖ (obsolete) difficult (especially of travel) • Alternative form of 吝 (lìn, “stingy”)
|(literary) to select; to choose carefully • a surname ‖ (obsolete) difficult (especially of travel) • Alternative form of 吝 (lìn, “stingy”)
|
|
Line 14,570: Line 17,711:
|遴 • (rin>in) · 遴 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|遴 • (rin>in) · 遴 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lận
|
|
|遴
|遴
|-
|-
|遼
|遼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːw) : semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 尞 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Middle-Chinese : lew
|distant; far • ^† long; prolonged • (～朝) Liao or Khitan dynasty (907-1125) • (～河, ～水) Liao (a river in Northeast China) • Short for 遼寧／辽宁 (Liáoníng, “Liaoning Province of China”).
|distant; far • ^† long; prolonged • (～朝) Liao or Khitan dynasty (907-1125) • (～河, ～水) Liao (a river in Northeast China) • Short for 遼寧／辽宁 (Liáoníng, “Liaoning Province of China”).
| ‖ 遼(りょう) • (Ryō) ^(←れう (reu)?)
| ‖ 遼(りょう) • (Ryō) ^(←れう (reu)?)
Line 14,580: Line 17,723:
|遼 • (ryo>yo) · 遼 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|遼 • (ryo>yo) · 遼 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liêu
|
|
|遼
|遼
|-
|-
|遽
|遽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kī ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡas) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 豦 (OC *kas, *ɡa). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kī • Middle-Chinese : gjoH ‖  
|post chariot or horse • hurriedly • suddenly • to be afraid • a surname ‖ (Hakka) fast; quick
|post chariot or horse • hurriedly • suddenly • to be afraid • a surname ‖ (Hakka) fast; quick
|
|
Line 14,590: Line 17,735:
|遽 • (geo) · 遽 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|遽 • (geo) · 遽 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cự
|
|
|遽
|遽
|-
|-
|邁
|邁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai
|;“mile; kilometer per hour”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai • Middle-Chinese : maejH
|to go on a long journey • to stride; to take a step • to pass by; to surpass • old; elderly • mile • (colloquial) kilometer per hour • Alternative form of 勱／劢 (mài) • a surname
|to go on a long journey • to stride; to take a step • to pass by; to surpass • old; elderly • mile • (colloquial) kilometer per hour • Alternative form of 勱／劢 (mài) • a surname
|
|
Line 14,600: Line 17,747:
|邁 • (mae) · 邁 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|邁 • (mae) · 邁 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mại • Hán-Nôm : mời • Hán-Nôm : mười
|
|
|邁
|邁
|-
|-
|邂
|邂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːs) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : heaH
|Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu).
|Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu).
|
|
|meet unexpectedly
|meet unexpectedly
|邂 • (hae) · 邂 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
|邂 • (hae) · 邂 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,614: Line 17,764:
|-
|-
|邇
|邇
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej (“near”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan ཉེ་བ (nye ba, “near”), Mizo hnai (“near”), Jingpho ni (ni³¹, “near”), Burmese နီး (ni:, “bear near; be close”), 暱 (OC *niɡ, “intimate; close”).
|(literary) near; close • (literary) to approach; to come close to
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn • Middle-Chinese : nyeX
|near; close • to approach; to come close to • shallow; easy to understand
|
|
|approach • near, close
|approach • near, close
|邇 • (i) · 邇 • (i) (hangeul 이, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)
|邇 • (i) · 邇 • (i) (hangeul 이, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,624: Line 17,776:
|-
|-
|邏
|邏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl, *raːls) : phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl) + semantic 辶 (“walk”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Middle-Chinese : laH
|to patrol; to inspect; to watch • patrol; vigil; guard
|to patrol; to inspect; to watch • patrol; vigil; guard
|
|
Line 14,630: Line 17,783:
|邏 • (ra>na) · 邏 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|邏 • (ra>na) · 邏 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : lạ
|
|
|邏
|邏
|-
|-
|邐
|邐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ljeX
|
|
|
|
Line 14,640: Line 17,795:
|邐 • (ri>i) · 邐 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|邐 • (ri>i) · 邐 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|get joined on, be continued • continuous and meandering (as mountains, roads, etc.)
|get joined on, be continued • continuous and meandering (as mountains, roads, etc.)
|canonical : 邐: Hán Việt readings: lí • canonical : lệ • canonical : lị 邐: Nôm readings: lí
|chữ Hán form of lí (“meandering”).
|chữ Hán form of lí (“meandering”).
|邐
|邐
|-
|-
|邕
|邕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng
|Alternative form of 雍 (yōng, “harmony; harmonious”) • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • (literary) former name of Nanning
|Alternative form of 雍 (yōng, “harmony; harmonious”) • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • (literary) former name of Nanning
|
|
Line 14,650: Line 17,807:
|邕 • (ong) · 邕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|邕 • (ong) · 邕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ung
|
|
|邕
|邕
|-
|-
|邢
|邢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Middle-Chinese : heng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ
|a surname • name of ancient state situated in modern-day Hebei province ‖ Synonym of 耿: a place in modern Henan or Shanxi
|a surname • name of ancient state situated in modern-day Hebei province ‖ Synonym of 耿: a place in modern Henan or Shanxi
|
|
Line 14,660: Line 17,819:
|邢 • (hyeong) · 邢 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|邢 • (hyeong) · 邢 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hình
|
|
|邢
|邢
|-
|-
|邱
|邱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷɯ) : phonetic 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) + semantic 邑 (“city; town”) \ This character originated from the naming taboo of Confucius, 孔丘 (Kǒng Qiū).
|Alternative form of 丘 (“mound; dune; hill”) • (dialect) ugly; bad • a surname
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Middle-Chinese : khjuw
|Alternative form of 丘 (“mound; dune; hill”) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|邱 • (gu) · 邱 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|邱 • (gu) · 邱 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khâu • Hán-Nôm : khưu
|
|
|邱
|邱
|-
|-
|邵
|邵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siō
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djews) : phonetic 召 (OC *dews, *djews) + semantic 阝.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siō • Middle-Chinese : dzyewH
|Name of various places in Ancient China. • Short for 邵陽／邵阳 (Shàoyáng, “Shaoyang”). • (～族) Thao people (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, from Thao Thau) • a surname • (Eastern Min) to praise, appreciate • (Eastern Min) to brag • (Eastern Min) to admire
|Name of various places in Ancient China. • Short for 邵陽／邵阳 (Shàoyáng, “Shaoyang”). • (～族) Thao people (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, from Thao Thau) • a surname • (Eastern Min) to praise, appreciate • (Eastern Min) to brag • (Eastern Min) to admire
|
|
Line 14,680: Line 17,843:
|邵 (eum 소 (so))
|邵 (eum 소 (so))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nghẹo • Hán-Nôm : thiệt
|
|
|邵
|邵
|-
|郞
|
|
|
|
|郞 (eumhun 사나이 랑 (sanai rang), South Korea 사나이 낭 (sanai nang))
|Hanja form of 랑/낭 (“gentleman, man, male”). • Hanja form of 랑/낭 (“knight”).
|
|郞
|-
|-
|鄉
|鄉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiang • Middle-Chinese : xjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ
|township • countryside; country; rural area • one's native place • place • state; situation • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 嚮／向 ‖ Alternative form of 饗／飨 (xiǎng)
|township • countryside; country; rural area • one's native place • place • state; situation • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 嚮／向 ‖ Alternative form of 饗／飨 (xiǎng)
|
|
|
|hometown
|鄉 • (hyang) · 鄉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)
|鄉 • (hyang) · 鄉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)
|alternative form of 鄕
|alternative form of 鄕
|Hán-Nôm : hương
|
|
|鄉
|鄉
|-
|-
|鄒
|鄒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsru) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 邑 (“city; state”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsau • Middle-Chinese : tsrjuw
|(historical) Zou (an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty) • (～族) Tsou (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, borrowed from Tsou Cou) • a surname
|(historical) Zou (an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty) • (～族) Tsou (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, borrowed from Tsou Cou) • a surname
|
|
Line 14,710: Line 17,867:
|鄒 (eum 추 (chu))
|鄒 (eum 추 (chu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trâu
|
|
|鄒
|鄒
|-
|鄕
|
|
|
|village • hometown • countryside, country
|鄕 • (hyang) · 鄕 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)
|country, village
|
|鄕
|-
|-
|鄧
|鄧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯːŋs) : phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ) + semantic 阝 (“city”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng • Middle-Chinese : dongH
|The name of an ancient kingdom. • a surname
|The name of an ancient kingdom. • a surname
|
|
Line 14,730: Line 17,879:
|鄧 (eum 등 (deung))
|鄧 (eum 등 (deung))
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đặng • Hán-Nôm : đẵng • Hán-Nôm : đựng • Hán-Nôm : nựng • Hán-Nôm : dằng • Hán-Nôm : dựng • Hán-Nôm : đắng • Hán-Nôm : rặng
|chữ Hán form of Đặng (“a surname”).
|鄧
|鄧
|-
|-
|鄭
|鄭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tēnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deŋs) : phonetic 奠 (OC *diːŋs) + semantic 邑.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tēnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng • Middle-Chinese : drjengH
|(historical) Zheng (a former state in modern-day Henan, during the Zhou dynasty) • Used in 鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng, “solemn”). • a surname
|(historical) Zheng (a former state in modern-day Henan, during the Zhou dynasty) • Used in 鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng, “solemn”). • a surname
|
|
Line 14,740: Line 17,891:
|鄭 (eumhun 나라 이름 정 (nara ireum jeong)) · 鄭 (eumhun 성씨 정 (seongssi jeong))
|鄭 (eumhun 나라 이름 정 (nara ireum jeong)) · 鄭 (eumhun 성씨 정 (seongssi jeong))
|(historical) A former state in modern-day Henan • a surname
|(historical) A former state in modern-day Henan • a surname
|
|Hán-Nôm : trịnh • Hán-Nôm : Trịnh
|chữ Hán form of trịnh (“solemn”). • chữ Hán form of Trịnh (“a surname”).
|鄭
|鄭
|-
|-
|鄱
|鄱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ba ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ
| ‖  ‖  
| ‖  ‖  
|
|
|
|
|鄱 • (pa) · 鄱 • (pa) (hangeul 파)
|鄱 • (pa) · 鄱 • (pa) (hangeul 파)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,754: Line 17,908:
|-
|-
|酊
|酊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tíng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹
| ‖ Derived from Latin tinctura.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tíng • Middle-Chinese : tengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹
|Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng, “heavily intoxicated”). ‖ tincture
|Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng, “heavily intoxicated”). ‖ tincture
|
|
|
|
|酊 • (jeong) · 酊 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|酊 • (jeong) · 酊 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,764: Line 17,920:
|-
|-
|酋
|酋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû
|Pictogram (象形) : Some exposed liquid (八) above an alcohol vessel (酉).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû • Middle-Chinese : dzjuw
|chief of a tribe, chieftain • superintendent of the preparation of liquors
|chief of a tribe, chieftain • superintendent of the preparation of liquors
|
|
Line 14,770: Line 17,927:
|酋 • (chu) · 酋 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|酋 • (chu) · 酋 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tù
|
|
|酋
|酋
|-
|-
|酩
|酩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : mengX
|Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng) and 酩子裡／酩子里.
|Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng) and 酩子裡／酩子里.
|
|
Line 14,780: Line 17,939:
|酩 • (myeong) · 酩 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng)
|酩 • (myeong) · 酩 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mỉnh
|
|
|酩
|酩
|-
|-
|醃
|醃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am • Middle-Chinese : 'jem • Middle-Chinese : 'jaem
|to salt; to pickle; to cure • to marinate
|to salt; to pickle; to cure • to marinate
|
|
|
|
|醃 • (eom) · 醃 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, McCune–Reischauer ŏm, Yale em)
|醃 • (eom) · 醃 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, McCune–Reischauer ŏm, Yale em)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,794: Line 17,956:
|-
|-
|醞
|醞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Middle-Chinese : 'junX • Middle-Chinese : 'junH
|(literary) to ferment an alcoholic beverage • (literary) wine
|(literary) to ferment an alcoholic beverage • (literary) wine
|
|
Line 14,800: Line 17,963:
|醞 • (on) · 醞 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on)
|醞 • (on) · 醞 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on)
|brew • harmony
|brew • harmony
|
|
|
|醞
|醞
|-
|-
|醣
|醣
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 酉 (“oxygenated functional group”) + phonetic 唐. 酉 is a common component in other organic compounds with oxygen, such as 醇 (chún, “alcohol”), 醛 (quán, “aldehyde”) and 酮 (tóng, “ketone”).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,814: Line 17,980:
|-
|-
|醬
|醬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋs) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 酉 (“drink”). \ Possibly from 漿 (OC *[ts]aŋ) with *-s suffix (cf. Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction). ‖ Borrowed from Japanese ちゃん (-chan). ‖ Contraction of 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng) (Zhao and Fang, 2015).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ
|sauce or paste made of fermented beans, flour, etc. • thick sauce; jam • to cook in soy sauce • (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 花生醬. ‖ (ACG, Internet slang) -chan ‖ (Taiwan, Malaysia or Internet slang) (in) this way • (Malaysia) then; in that case
|sauce or paste made of fermented beans, flour, etc. • thick sauce; jam • to cook in soy sauce • (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 花生醬. ‖ (ACG, Internet slang) -chan ‖ (Taiwan, Malaysia or Internet slang) (in) this way • (Malaysia) then; in that case
|
|
Line 14,820: Line 17,987:
|醬 (eumhun 젓갈 장 (jeotgal jang))
|醬 (eumhun 젓갈 장 (jeotgal jang))
|any jam-like or paste-like food
|any jam-like or paste-like food
|canonical : 醬: Hán Việt readings: tương 醬: Nôm readings: tương
|chữ Hán form of tương (“sauce”).
|chữ Hán form of tương (“sauce”).
|醬
|醬
|-
|-
|醺
|醺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : semantic 酉 + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjun
|to be drunk; to intoxicate with alcohol
|to be drunk; to intoxicate with alcohol
|
|
|hunger
|hunger
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|醺
|醺
|-
|釀
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̄g • Middle-Chinese : nrjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông
|to brew; to ferment • (of bees) to make (honey) • to lead to; to result in • to stuff (a stuffing made of meat, fish, shrimp, etc.) into a vegetable, tofu, etc. and fry or steam • wine; liquor ‖ Only used in 酒釀／酒酿 (jiǔniáng), alternative form of 酒娘
|
|
|釀 • (yang) · 釀 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhưỡng • Hán-Nôm : nưỡng • Hán-Nôm : nẫng • Hán-Nôm : nãng
|
|釀
|-
|-
|釁
|釁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn • Middle-Chinese : xinH
|(historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object • (historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object · (archaic) to smear (with blood) • (archaic) crack; rift • dispute; quarrel; feud • a surname
|(historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object • (historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object · (archaic) to smear (with blood) • (archaic) crack; rift • dispute; quarrel; feud • a surname
|
|
Line 14,840: Line 18,023:
|釁 • (heun) · 釁 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)
|釁 • (heun) · 釁 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hấn • Hán-Nôm : hắn
|
|
|釁
|釁
|-
|-
|釉
|釉
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs) : semantic 采 (“color”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iu
|glaze
|glaze
Line 14,850: Line 18,035:
|釉 • (yu) · 釉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|釉 • (yu) · 釉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dứu
|
|
|釉
|釉
|-
|-
|釐
|釐
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : phonetic 𠩺 () + semantic 里. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : phonetic 𠩺 () + semantic 里.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : li ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹
|centi- (SI unit prefix) • cash, a unit of weight, equal to one tenth of a 分 (fēn, “candareen”) • 0.001 dollars, yuan, etc.; 0.1 cents, fen, etc. (currency unit) • unit of monthly interest (0.01%), unit of annual interest (1%) • Alternative form of 嫠 (lí) ‖ Alternative form of 禧 (xǐ, “auspicious; lucky”) • a surname
|centi- (SI unit prefix) • cash, a unit of weight, equal to one tenth of a 分 (fēn, “candareen”) • 0.001 dollars, yuan, etc.; 0.1 cents, fen, etc. (currency unit) • unit of monthly interest (0.01%), unit of annual interest (1%) • Alternative form of 嫠 (lí) ‖ Alternative form of 禧 (xǐ, “auspicious; lucky”) • a surname
|
|
|few • one tenth of a bu
|few • one tenth of a bu
|釐 (eumhun 고칠 리 (gochil ri), South Korea 고칠 이 (gochil i)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 제육 희 (jeyuk hui)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 보리 래 (bori rae), South Korea 보리 내 (bori nae))
|釐 (eumhun 고칠 리 (gochil ri), word-initial (South Korea) 고칠 이 (gochil i)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 제육 희 (jeyuk hui)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 보리 래 (bori rae), word-initial (South Korea) 보리 내 (bori nae))
|manage, control • 1/1000 of a foot ‖  ‖  
|manage, control • 1/1000 of a foot ‖  ‖  
|Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : ly
|
|
|釐
|釐
|-
|-
|釗
|釗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ziu¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ziu¹ • Middle-Chinese : kew • Middle-Chinese : tsyew
|(literary) to encourage • a surname
|(literary) to encourage • a surname
|
|
Line 14,870: Line 18,059:
|釗 • (soe) · 釗 • (soe) (hangeul 쇠, revised soe, McCune–Reischauer soe, Yale soy)
|釗 • (soe) · 釗 • (soe) (hangeul 쇠, revised soe, McCune–Reischauer soe, Yale soy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chiêu
|
|
|釗
|釗
|-
|-
|釘
|釘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng
|Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). \ Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘／钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added. \ Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1. \ ; “to die” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). \ Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘／钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added. \ Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1. \ ; “to die”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting • Middle-Chinese : teng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tengH
|(obsolete, rare) gold slab • nail (spike-shaped fastener) • body piercing • to monitor; to urge • Alternative form of 盯 (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”) • Alternative form of 叮 (dīng, “to sting; to bite”) • (literary) lamp ‖ to nail; to staple • to sew on • (Cantonese, slang) to die • (obsolete, rare) gold
|(obsolete, rare) gold slab • nail (spike-shaped fastener) • body piercing • to monitor; to urge • Alternative form of 盯 (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”) • Alternative form of 叮 (dīng, “to sting; to bite”) • (literary) lamp ‖ to nail; to staple • to sew on • (Cantonese, slang) to die • (obsolete, rare) gold
| ‖ 釘(くぎ) • (kugi)
| ‖ 釘(くぎ) • (kugi)
Line 14,880: Line 18,071:
|釘 • (jeong) · 釘 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|釘 • (jeong) · 釘 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đinh • Hán-Nôm : đanh • Hán-Nôm : đính • Hán-Nôm : đĩnh
|
|
|釘
|釘
|-
|-
|釦
|釦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò • Middle-Chinese : khuwX
|button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener) • (archery) metal loop at the nock point of a bow string • to engrave; to decorate
|button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener) • (archery) metal loop at the nock point of a bow string • to engrave; to decorate
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 14,890: Line 18,083:
|釦 • (gu) · 釦 • (gu) (hangeul 구)
|釦 • (gu) · 釦 • (gu) (hangeul 구)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khấu • Hán-Nôm : khẩu
|
|
|釦
|釦
|-
|-
|釧
|釧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjons) : semantic 金 + phonetic 川 (OC *kʰjon).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwenH
|(literary or chiefly Southern Min) bracelet; armlet • a surname
|(literary or chiefly Southern Min) bracelet; armlet • a surname
|
|
Line 14,900: Line 18,095:
|釧 • (cheon) · 釧 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|釧 • (cheon) · 釧 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xuyến • Hán-Nôm : xén • Hán-Nôm : xoắn • Hán-Nôm : xoăn
|
|
|釧
|釧
|-
|-
|釵
|釵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshai
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshai • Middle-Chinese : tsrhea
|(dated) ornamental forked hairpin
|(dated) ornamental forked hairpin
| ‖ 釵(さい) • (sai) ‖ 釵(かんざし) • (kanzashi) ‖ 釵(かざし) • (kazashi)
| ‖ 釵(さい) • (sai) ‖ 釵(かんざし) • (kanzashi) ‖ 釵(かざし) • (kazashi)
Line 14,910: Line 18,107:
|釵 • (chae, cha) · 釵 • (chae, cha) (hangeul 채, 차, revised chae, cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, ch'a, Yale chay, cha)
|釵 • (chae, cha) · 釵 • (chae, cha) (hangeul 채, 차, revised chae, cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, ch'a, Yale chay, cha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thoa • Hán-Nôm : soa • Hán-Nôm : sai
|
|
|釵
|釵
|-
|-
|鈉
|鈉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njobs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 內 (OC *nuːbs). \ Borrowed from New Latin natrium. Ultimately from Egyptian nṯrj: R9 ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Middle-Chinese : nywejH
|sodium ‖ to forge iron ‖ Alternative form of 枘 (ruì, “tenon”) • Alternative form of 𨧨 (“sharp; pointed”)
|sodium ‖ to forge iron ‖ Alternative form of 枘 (ruì, “tenon”) • Alternative form of 𨧨 (“sharp; pointed”)
|
|
|
|
|鈉 • (nap) · 鈉 • (nap) (hangeul 납, revised nap, McCune–Reischauer nap, Yale nap)
|鈉 • (nap) · 鈉 • (nap) (hangeul 납, revised nap, McCune–Reischauer nap, Yale nap)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,924: Line 18,124:
|-
|-
|鈐
|鈐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjem
|official seal • to affix a seal to • tea-curing tool • stratagem; plot; plan; strategy; tactic • (figurative) key (to something) • a surname: Qian
|official seal • to affix a seal to • tea-curing tool • stratagem; plot; plan; strategy; tactic • (figurative) key (to something) • a surname: Qian
|
|
|
|
|鈐 • (geom) · 鈐 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem)
|鈐 • (geom) · 鈐 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,934: Line 18,136:
|-
|-
|鈔
|鈔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws) : semantic 金 + phonetic 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaew • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaewH
|paper money; banknotes • Alternative form of 抄
|paper money; banknotes • Alternative form of 抄
| ‖ 鈔(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?)
| ‖ 鈔(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?)
| ‖ an excerpt, an extract (writing) • an annotation • a unit of volume, equal to one tenth of a 勺 (shaku) and one hundredth of a 合 (gō), or approximately 1.8 millilitres
| ‖ an excerpt, an extract (writing) • an annotation • a unit of volume, equal to one tenth of a 勺 (shaku) and one hundredth of a 合 (gō), or approximately 1.8 millilitres
|鈔 • (cho) · 鈔 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|鈔 • (cho) · 鈔 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 14,944: Line 18,148:
|-
|-
|鈕
|鈕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ). \ The Manchu surname is clipping of 鈕祜祿／钮祜禄 (Niǔhùlù), from Manchu ᠨᡳᠣᡥᡠᡵᡠ (niohuru).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú • Middle-Chinese : nrjuwX
|button (on clothes) • button (something to be pressed) • a surname, particularly common among Manchus
|button (on clothes) • button (something to be pressed) • a surname, particularly common among Manchus
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 14,950: Line 18,155:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nữu • Hán-Nôm : nạo • Hán-Nôm : nút
|
|
|鈕
|鈕
|-
|-
|鈞
|鈞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kin
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷin) : phonetic 匀 (OC *ɢʷin) + semantic 金 (“metal”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kin • Middle-Chinese : kjwin
|(historical) ancient unit of measure equivalent to 30 catties or 15 kilograms • (polite) you; your • potter's wheel • tone; tune
|(historical) ancient unit of measure equivalent to 30 catties or 15 kilograms • (polite) you; your • potter's wheel • tone; tune
|
|
Line 14,960: Line 18,167:
|鈞 • (gyun) · 鈞 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun)
|鈞 • (gyun) · 鈞 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quân
|
|
|鈞
|鈞
|-
|-
|鈣
|鈣
|Borrowed from New Latin calcium.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài
|calcium (Ca)
|calcium (Ca)
Line 14,970: Line 18,179:
|鈣 • (gae) · 鈣 • (gae) (hangeul 개, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)
|鈣 • (gae) · 鈣 • (gae) (hangeul 개, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cái
|
|
|鈣
|鈣
|-
|-
|鈷
|鈷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo
| ‖  ‖  ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 鈷 – see 瑚. \ (This character is a variant form of 瑚).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo
|cobalt ‖ Only used in 鈷鉧／钴𬭁 (gǔmǔ). ‖ to break ‖ (Southern Min) pot (classifier for bottled liquid)
|cobalt ‖ Only used in 鈷鉧／钴𬭁 (gǔmǔ). ‖ to break ‖ (Southern Min) pot (classifier for bottled liquid)
| ‖ 鈷(こ) • (ko)
| ‖ 鈷(こ) • (ko)
Line 14,980: Line 18,191:
|鈷 • (go) · 鈷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|鈷 • (go) · 鈷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cổ • Hán-Nôm : cỗ
|
|
|鈷
|鈷
|-
|-
|鈸
|鈸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pua̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pua̍h • Middle-Chinese : bat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah
|cymbals; bo ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien) long sickle • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape with a long sickle
|cymbals; bo ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien) long sickle • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape with a long sickle
|
|
Line 14,990: Line 18,203:
|鈸 • (bal) · 鈸 • (bal) (hangeul 발, revised bal, McCune–Reischauer pal, Yale pal)
|鈸 • (bal) · 鈸 • (bal) (hangeul 발, revised bal, McCune–Reischauer pal, Yale pal)
|(동발 발, dongbal-): cymbal
|(동발 발, dongbal-): cymbal
|
|鈸 (bạt)
|鈸 (bạt)
|鈸
|鈸
|-
|-
|鈾
|鈾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû
|(chemistry) uranium
|(chemistry) uranium
|
|
Line 15,000: Line 18,215:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : du • Hán-Nôm : do
|
|
|鈾
|鈾
|-
|-
|鉀
|鉀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːb, *kraːb) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb, “armour”) \ Borrowed from New Latin kalium. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Middle-Chinese : kap
|(chemistry) potassium ‖ Only used in 鉀鑪／钾𬬻.
|(chemistry) potassium ‖ Only used in 鉀鑪／钾𬬻.
|
|
Line 15,010: Line 18,227:
|鉀 • (gap) · 鉀 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|鉀 • (gap) · 鉀 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giáp
|
|
|鉀
|鉀
|-
|-
|鉋
|鉋
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,019: Line 18,238:
|a plane (woodworking) ‖ (woodworking tools) a plane ‖ (woodworking tools, possibly dialect) a plane
|a plane (woodworking) ‖ (woodworking tools) a plane ‖ (woodworking tools, possibly dialect) a plane
|鉋 • (po) · 鉋 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|鉋 • (po) · 鉋 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,024: Line 18,244:
|-
|-
|鉑
|鉑
|; “thin sheet of metal”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k
|Alternative form of 箔 (bó, “thin sheet of metal”) • (chemistry) platinum (metal)
|Alternative form of 箔 (bó, “thin sheet of metal”) • (chemistry) platinum (metal)
Line 15,029: Line 18,250:
|
|
|鉑 (eumhun 금백 백 (geumbaek baek))
|鉑 (eumhun 금백 백 (geumbaek baek))
|Hanja form of 금 (“gold leaf, platinum”).
|hanja form of 금 (“gold leaf, platinum”)
|Hán-Nôm : bạc • Hán-Nôm : bạch
|silver
|silver
|鉑
|鉑
|-
|-
|鉗
|鉗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kem⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khînn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kem⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khînn • Middle-Chinese : gjem
|claw of a crustacean (Classifier: 個／个 c) • pincers, pliers, tongs • to grab or pinch with a plier or a crustacean claw
|claw of a crustacean (Classifier: 個／个 c) • pincers, pliers, tongs • to grab or pinch with a plier or a crustacean claw
|
|
|
|
|鉗 • (gyeom) · 鉗 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|鉗 • (gyeom) · 鉗 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
|
|
|
|
|
|鉗
|鉗
|-
|鉢
|
|
| ‖ 鉢(はち) • (hachi)
|bowl; pot • skull; cranium ‖ bowl, pot
|鉢 • (bal) · 鉢 • (bal) (hangeul 발, revised bal, McCune–Reischauer pal, Yale pal)
|(바리때 발, barittae-): bowl (perhaps originally, Buddhist alms bowl)
|
|鉢
|-
|鉤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kio
|hook; barb (Classifier: 個／个 m c) • (obsolete) sickle • checkmark (Classifier: 個／个 m) • to hook • to crochet • to sew with large stitches • (literary) to investigate • (Chinese calligraphy) a stroke with a hook (such as in ㇠, ㇆, ㇚, or ㇟) • (regional, card games) jack (J)
| ‖ 鉤(かぎ) • (kagi)
| ‖ hook
|鉤 • (gu) · 鉤 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|
|
|鉤
|-
|-
|銃
|銃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjuŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 充 (OC *l̥ʰjuŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhuwngH
|blunderbuss • (Eastern Min, Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) gun; firearm (Classifier: 支 mn)
|blunderbuss • (Eastern Min, Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) gun; firearm (Classifier: 支 mn)
| ‖ 銃(じゅう) • (jū) ^(←じゆう (zyuu)?) ‖ 銃(つつ) • (tsutsu)
| ‖ 銃(じゅう) • (jū) ^(←じゆう (zyuu)?) ‖ 銃(つつ) • (tsutsu)
Line 15,070: Line 18,275:
|銃 • (chong) · 銃 • (chong) (hangeul 총)
|銃 • (chong) · 銃 • (chong) (hangeul 총)
|gun, rifle, firearm
|gun, rifle, firearm
|Hán-Nôm : súng • Hán-Nôm : xúng
|gun, firearm
|gun, firearm
|銃
|銃
|-
|-
|銓
|銓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁴ • Middle-Chinese : tshjwen
|to estimate • to select
|to estimate • to select
|
|
|
|
|銓 • (jeon) · 銓 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|銓 • (jeon) · 銓 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,084: Line 18,292:
|-
|-
|銖
|銖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : dzyu
|(historical) zhu (an ancient Chinese unit of weight notionally equivalent to 100 millet seeds or 1/24 liang/tael, chiefly used for denominating small coins) • Thai baht (currency unit) • a surname
|(historical) zhu (an ancient Chinese unit of weight notionally equivalent to 100 millet seeds or 1/24 liang/tael, chiefly used for denominating small coins) • Thai baht (currency unit) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|銖 • (su) · 銖 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|銖 • (su) · 銖 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,094: Line 18,304:
|-
|-
|銜
|銜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːm) : semantic 行 + phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm • Middle-Chinese : haem
|to hold in the mouth • to harbor (hold in one's thoughts) • to connect • rank; title • (literary, or in compounds) to accept • (literary, or in compounds) bit (of a horse)
|to hold in the mouth • to harbor (hold in one's thoughts) • to connect • rank; title • (literary, or in compounds) to accept • (literary, or in compounds) bit (of a horse)
|
|
Line 15,100: Line 18,311:
|銜 • (ham) · 銜 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)
|銜 • (ham) · 銜 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hàm
|
|
|銜
|銜
|-
|-
|銬
|銬
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu
|shackles; manacles • to shackle; to manacle
|shackles; manacles • to shackle; to manacle
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,112: Line 18,326:
|
|
|銬
|銬
|-
|銳
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luē • Middle-Chinese : ywejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄟˋ • Middle-Chinese : dwajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ
|sharp; keen; acute; pointed • 14th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "penetration" (𝌓) ‖ A kind of spear-like weapon. ‖ ^‡ Only used in 銚銳／铫锐 (“basin”).
|
|pointed • sharpness • edge • weapon • sharp • violent
|銳 • (ye, tae) · 銳 • (ye, tae) (hangeul 예, 태, revised ye, tae, McCune–Reischauer ye, t'ae, Yale yey, thay)
|sharp • swift • agile
|Hán-Nôm : nhuệ • Hán-Nôm : nhọn
|
|銳
|-
|-
|銷
|銷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sew) : semantic 金 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sjew
|to melt • to sell • to expend • to cancel; to write off • to bolt • peg; pin; bolt • a surname: Xiao
|to melt • to sell • to expend • to cancel; to write off • to bolt • peg; pin; bolt • a surname: Xiao
|
|
Line 15,120: Line 18,347:
|銷 • (so) · 銷 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|銷 • (so) · 銷 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiêu • Hán-Nôm : tiu • Hán-Nôm : tỏe • Hán-Nôm : toẻ
|
|
|銷
|銷
|-
|-
|銻
|銻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːl) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls). ‖ Borrowed from New Latin stibium.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : dej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the
|(obsolete) Only used in 鎕銻／𰾯锑 (tángtí, “a type of gemstone, with a fire-like appearance”). ‖ (chemistry) antimony
|(obsolete) Only used in 鎕銻／𰾯锑 (tángtí, “a type of gemstone, with a fire-like appearance”). ‖ (chemistry) antimony
|
|
|
|
|銻 • (je) · 銻 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey)
|銻 • (je) · 銻 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,134: Line 18,364:
|-
|-
|銼
|銼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰoːls, *zoːl, *zoːɡ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 坐 (OC *zoːlʔ, *zoːls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò • Middle-Chinese : dzwa • Middle-Chinese : tshwaH • Middle-Chinese : dzuwk
|carpenter's file, file smooth
|carpenter's file, file smooth
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,144: Line 18,376:
|-
|-
|鋁
|鋁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 呂. \ Borrowed from New Latin aluminium.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí
|(chemistry) aluminium; aluminum
|(chemistry) aluminium; aluminum
|
|
Line 15,150: Line 18,383:
|鋁 • (ryeo) · 鋁 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ, Yale lye)
|鋁 • (ryeo) · 鋁 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ, Yale lye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lã • Hán-Nôm : lữ
|
|
|鋁
|鋁
|-
|-
|鋅
|鋅
|Borrowed from English zinc. ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 鋅 – see 釨. \ (This character is a variant form of 釨). \ Borrowed from English sink.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sin ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sin ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹
|(chemistry) zinc ‖ (Cantonese) Only used in 鋅盆／锌盆.
|(chemistry) zinc ‖ (Cantonese) Only used in 鋅盆／锌盆.
Line 15,159: Line 18,394:
|
|
|鋅 • (ja) · 鋅 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|鋅 • (ja) · 鋅 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,164: Line 18,400:
|-
|-
|鋒
|鋒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : phjowng
|pointed edge; cutting edge • (figurative) vanguard; pioneer • (meteorology) front
|pointed edge; cutting edge • (figurative) vanguard; pioneer • (meteorology) front
| ‖ 鋒(ほこ) • (hoko)
| ‖ 鋒(ほこ) • (hoko)
Line 15,170: Line 18,407:
|鋒 • (bong) · 鋒 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong)
|鋒 • (bong) · 鋒 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phong
|
|
|鋒
|鋒
|-
|-
|鋤
|鋤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zra) : semantic 金 + phonetic 助 (OC *zras).
|hoe • to hoe; to dig • to remove; to get rid of; to eradicate
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo • Middle-Chinese : dzrjo
|hoe • to hoe; to dig • to remove; to get rid of; to eradicate • (Cantonese) to bring someone negative consequences
|
|
|
|
|鋤 • (seo) · 鋤 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|鋤 • (seo) · 鋤 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|(호미 서): hoe (short-handled, one-handed) • (김맬 서): to weed, eradicate, compare mow, hew, hoe. • (없앨 서): to remove, eliminate
|(호미 서): hoe (short-handled, one-handed) • (김맬 서): to weed, eradicate, compare mow, hew, hoe. • (없앨 서): to remove, eliminate
|Hán-Nôm : sừ • Hán-Nôm : xừ
|
|
|鋤
|鋤
|-
|-
|鋪
|鋪
|Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phòo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo • Middle-Chinese : phu • Middle-Chinese : phju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phòo • Middle-Chinese : phuH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo
|to spread out; to arrange • to display • to pave; to tile; to lay • (Cantonese) Classifier for games or matches. • (Cantonese) Classifier for addictions. ‖ store (Classifier: 間／间 c) • relay station for post horses • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Nanning Pinghua, Wenzhounese) unit of distance equivalent to 10 li ‖ bed
|to spread out; to arrange • to display • to pave; to tile; to lay • (Cantonese) Classifier for games or matches. • (Cantonese) Classifier for addictions. ‖ store (Classifier: 間／间 c) • relay station for post horses • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Nanning Pinghua, Wenzhounese) unit of distance equivalent to 10 li ‖ bed
|
|
Line 15,190: Line 18,431:
|鋪 • (po) · 鋪 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|鋪 • (po) · 鋪 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phô • Hán-Nôm : phố • Hán-Nôm : pho
|
|
|鋪
|鋪
|-
|-
|鋭
|鋭
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,200: Line 18,443:
|鋭 • (ye, tae) · 鋭 • (ye, tae) (hangeul 예, 태, revised ye, tae, McCune–Reischauer ye, t'ae, Yale yey, thay)
|鋭 • (ye, tae) · 鋭 • (ye, tae) (hangeul 예, 태, revised ye, tae, McCune–Reischauer ye, t'ae, Yale yey, thay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhọn • Hán-Nôm : nhuệ • Hán-Nôm : duệ
|
|
|鋭
|鋭
|-
|-
|鋸
|鋸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goe³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : goe¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kas) : semantic 金 + phonetic 居 (OC *kɯ, *kas). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Middle-Chinese : kjoH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : goe¹
|saw (tool) (Classifier: 把 m c) • to saw • to amputate • (dialectal) to play (a stringed instrument) ‖ to kill; to slaughter • (Cantonese, figuratively) to swindle (to obtain by deceitful methods)
|saw (tool) (Classifier: 把 m c) • to saw • to amputate • (dialectal) to play (a stringed instrument) ‖ to kill; to slaughter • (Cantonese, figuratively) to swindle (to obtain by deceitful methods)
| ‖ 鋸(のこぎり) or 鋸(ノコギリ) • (nokogiri)
| ‖ 鋸(のこぎり) or 鋸(ノコギリ) • (nokogiri)
Line 15,210: Line 18,455:
|鋸 (eum 거 (geo))
|鋸 (eum 거 (geo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cưa
|
|
|鋸
|鋸
|-
|-
|錐
|錐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsui
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsui • Middle-Chinese : tsywij
|awl • awl-like object • to drill; to bore • cone; pyramid
|awl • awl-like object • to drill; to bore • cone; pyramid
| ‖ 錐(きり) • (kiri) ‖ 錐(すい) • (sui)
| ‖ 錐(きり) • (kiri) ‖ 錐(すい) • (sui)
Line 15,220: Line 18,467:
|錐 (eum 추 (chu))
|錐 (eum 추 (chu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dùi
|
|
|錐
|錐
|-
|-
|錘
|錘
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dol, *dols, *du) : semantic 金 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuî • Middle-Chinese : drjwe • Middle-Chinese : drjweH
|hammer • mace (weapon) • (literally, figuratively) to hammer into shape; to forge • (Mainland China, neologism, slang) proof • (historical) an ancient unit of weight • a surname: Chui
|hammer • mace (weapon) • (literally, figuratively) to hammer into shape; to forge • (Mainland China, neologism, slang) proof • (historical) an ancient unit of weight • a surname: Chui
| ‖ 錘(おもり) • (omori)
| ‖ 錘(おもり) • (omori)
Line 15,230: Line 18,479:
|錘 • (chu) · 錘 • (chu) (hangeul 추)
|錘 • (chu) · 錘 • (chu) (hangeul 추)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chuy • Hán-Nôm : chùy • Hán-Nôm : chuỳ • Hán-Nôm : dùi • Hán-Nôm : thùy • Hán-Nôm : thuỳ
|
|
|錘
|錘
|-
|-
|錚
|錚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰreːŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrheang
|onomatopoeia for the sound of metal objects being struck • (historical) an ancient type of percussion instrument, made of copper, bell-shaped, and narrow, used to pace the marching of armies
|onomatopoeia for the sound of metal objects being struck • (historical) an ancient type of percussion instrument, made of copper, bell-shaped, and narrow, used to pace the marching of armies
|
|
Line 15,240: Line 18,491:
|錚 (eumhun 쇳소리 쟁 (soetsori jaeng))
|錚 (eumhun 쇳소리 쟁 (soetsori jaeng))
|metallic sound • gong (a type of percussion instrument used in folk music)
|metallic sound • gong (a type of percussion instrument used in folk music)
|Hán-Nôm : trành • Hán-Nôm : tranh
|
|
|錚
|錚
|-
|-
|錨
|錨
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biâu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biâu
|anchor
|anchor
Line 15,250: Line 18,503:
|錨 • (myo) · 錨 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo)
|錨 • (myo) · 錨 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo)
|(닻): anchor
|(닻): anchor
|Hán-Nôm : miêu
|
|
|錨
|錨
|-
|-
|錫
|錫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³
|Characters in the same phonetic series (易) (Zhengzhang, 2003) ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Middle-Chinese : sek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³
|tin ‖ ^† Alternative form of 賜／赐 (“to bestow; to confer”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 惜 (sek3, “to cherish; to kiss”)
|tin ‖ ^† Alternative form of 賜／赐 (“to bestow; to confer”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 惜 (sek3, “to cherish; to kiss”)
| ‖ 錫(スズ) or 錫(すず) • (suzu) ‖ 錫(しゃく) • (shaku)
| ‖ 錫(しゃく) • (shaku)
|tin ‖ tin, Sn ‖ Short for 錫杖.
|tin ‖ Short for 錫杖.
|錫 • (seok) · 錫 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|錫 • (seok) · 錫 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiếc • Hán-Nôm : tích • Hán-Nôm : xích
|
|
|錫
|錫
|-
|-
|錳
|錳
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 孟. \ From New Latin manganum.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng
|Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng
|(chemistry) manganese
|(chemistry) manganese
Line 15,269: Line 18,526:
|
|
|錳 • (maeng) · 錳 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)
|錳 • (maeng) · 錳 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,274: Line 18,532:
|-
|-
|錶
|錶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 + phonetic 表 (OC *prawʔ). \ Differentiated character from 表 (biǎo) coined c. 1900.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pió
|Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pió
|watch (portable timepiece) (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • (specifically) wristwatch (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • gauge; meter; instrument
|watch (portable timepiece) (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • (specifically) wristwatch (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • gauge; meter; instrument
Line 15,280: Line 18,539:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biểu
|
|
|錶
|錶
|-
|-
|鍍
|鍍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo • Middle-Chinese : du • Middle-Chinese : duH
|to plate; to cover (a metal object) with a thin coating of a different metal
|to plate; to cover (a metal object) with a thin coating of a different metal
|
|
|
|
|鍍 • (do) · 鍍 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|鍍 • (do) · 鍍 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,294: Line 18,556:
|-
|-
|鍥
|鍥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keːd, *kʰeːd) : semantic 金 (“metal; gold”) + phonetic 契 (OC *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh • Middle-Chinese : ket • Middle-Chinese : khet
|
|
|
|
Line 15,300: Line 18,563:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kết
|
|
|鍥
|鍥
|-
|-
|鍬
|鍬
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw) – a metal shovel.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu
|shovel; spade
|shovel; spade
Line 15,310: Line 18,575:
|鍬 (eum 초 (cho))
|鍬 (eum 초 (cho))
|(가래 초): a spade, shovel, ploughshare
|(가래 초): a spade, shovel, ploughshare
|Hán-Nôm : thâu
|
|
|鍬
|鍬
|-
|-
|鍾
|鍾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : tsyowng
|vessel for containing alcohol • to concentrate one's love or attention • unit of capacity • Alternative form of 鐘／钟 (zhōng, “percussion musical instrument; bell”) • (obsolete, chiefly Nanzhao) younger brother • a surname
|vessel for containing alcohol • to concentrate one's love or attention • unit of capacity • Alternative form of 鐘／钟 (zhōng, “percussion musical instrument; bell”) • (obsolete, chiefly Nanzhao) younger brother • a surname
| ‖ 鍾(しょう) • (shō)
| ‖ 鍾(しょう) • (shō)
Line 15,320: Line 18,587:
|鍾 • (jong) · 鍾 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|鍾 • (jong) · 鍾 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
|음훈: [술병 종] 술병, 술잔 = alcohol bottle, alcohol glass, alcohol receptacle
|음훈: [술병 종] 술병, 술잔 = alcohol bottle, alcohol glass, alcohol receptacle
|Hán-Nôm : chung • Hán-Nôm : chuông
|
|
|鍾
|鍾
|-
|-
|鎂
|鎂
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 美 (měi). \ Borrowed from New Latin magnesium. ‖ Decomposition of the character into its components.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí-kim
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí-kim
|(chemistry) magnesium ‖ (neologism, Internet slang) Alternative form of 美金 (měijīn)
|(chemistry) magnesium ‖ (neologism, Internet slang) Alternative form of 美金 (měijīn)
Line 15,330: Line 18,599:
|鎂 • (mi) · 鎂 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|鎂 • (mi) · 鎂 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mĩ
|
|
|鎂
|鎂
|-
|-
|鎊
|鎊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong⁶
| ‖ Borrowed from English pound.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ • Middle-Chinese : phang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong⁶
| ‖ pound (unit of currency)
| ‖ pound (unit of currency)
|
|
|
|
|鎊 • (bang) · 鎊 • (bang) (hangeul 방)
|鎊 • (bang) · 鎊 • (bang) (hangeul 방)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,344: Line 18,616:
|-
|-
|鎔
|鎔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 容 (OC *loŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn • Middle-Chinese : yowng
|mould for casting • to melt by heat; to turn solid into liquid by heat
|mould for casting • to melt by heat; to turn solid into liquid by heat
|
|
|to melt by heat • mould for casting
|to melt by heat • mould for casting
|鎔 • (yong) · 鎔 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|鎔 • (yong) · 鎔 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,354: Line 18,628:
|-
|-
|鎢
|鎢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaː) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 烏 (OC *qaː). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Middle-Chinese : 'u ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo
|Only used in 鎢錥／钨𫓾. ‖ (chemistry) tungsten; wolfram
|Only used in 鎢錥／钨𫓾. ‖ (chemistry) tungsten; wolfram
|
|
Line 15,360: Line 18,635:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ô
|
|
|鎢
|鎢
|-
|-
|鎭
|鎳
|
|
|
|
|
|鎭 (eumhun 진압할 진 (jinaphal jin))
|
|
|鎭
|-
|鎳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍t
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍t
|nickel (an element)
|nickel (an element)
Line 15,379: Line 18,646:
|
|
|鎳 • (eol) · 鎳 • (eol) (hangeul 얼, revised eol, McCune–Reischauer ŏl, Yale el)
|鎳 • (eol) · 鎳 • (eol) (hangeul 얼, revised eol, McCune–Reischauer ŏl, Yale el)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,384: Line 18,652:
|-
|-
|鏃
|鏃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːɡ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 族 (OC *zoːɡ). \ Compare འཛུགས ('dzugs, “to insert; to plant”) (Sagart, 2017d; Hill, 2019), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-(d)z(j)u(ː)k (“to pierce; to plant; to erect”). \ Sagart (2017) also compares it to Jingpho achyo (“to stab”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k • Middle-Chinese : tsuwk
|(literary) arrowhead; barb • (literary) sharp • (literary) swift; quick
|(literary) arrowhead; barb • (literary) sharp • (literary) swift; quick
| ‖ 鏃(やじり) • (yajiri)
| ‖ 鏃(やじり) • (yajiri)
| ‖ arrowhead
| ‖ arrowhead
|鏃 • (jok) · 鏃 • (jok) (hangeul 족, revised jok, McCune–Reischauer chok, Yale cok)
|鏃 • (jok) · 鏃 • (jok) (hangeul 족, revised jok, McCune–Reischauer chok, Yale cok)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,394: Line 18,664:
|-
|-
|鏈
|鏈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liān ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen) : semantic 金 + phonetic 連 (OC *ren). \ From 連 (MC ljen). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liān ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : trhjen • Middle-Chinese : ljen
|chain; wire; cable • chain; shack • to chain • chain (unit of length equal to 22 yards) ‖ copper • lead mine • mine
|chain; wire; cable • chain; shack • to chain • chain (unit of length equal to 22 yards) ‖ copper • lead mine • mine
|
|
Line 15,400: Line 18,671:
|鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) · 鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연)
|鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) · 鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : liên
|
|
|鏈
|鏈
|-
|-
|鏑
|鏑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹
| ‖ Borrowed from New Latin dysprosium.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹
|arrowhead ‖ (chemistry) dysprosium
|arrowhead ‖ (chemistry) dysprosium
|
|
Line 15,410: Line 18,683:
|鏑 • (jeok) · 鏑 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)
|鏑 • (jeok) · 鏑 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đích
|
|
|鏑
|鏑
|-
|-
|鏖
|鏖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ ‖  
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'aw ‖  
|(literary) to fight to the end; to engage in a fierce battle • fierce • clamorous • (obsolete) kettle ‖ unclean; unkempt • dust; waste; rubbish
|(literary) to fight to the end; to engage in a fierce battle • fierce • clamorous • (obsolete) kettle ‖ unclean; unkempt • dust; waste; rubbish
|
|
|massacre, annihilation, wholesale slaughter
|massacre, annihilation, wholesale slaughter
|鏖 • (o) · 鏖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|鏖 • (o) · 鏖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,424: Line 18,700:
|-
|-
|鏗
|鏗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing • Middle-Chinese : kheang
|to strike, beat, stroke • jingling
|to strike, beat, stroke • jingling
|
|
Line 15,430: Line 18,707:
|鏗 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 갱 (geumok sori gaeng))
|鏗 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 갱 (geumok sori gaeng))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : keng • Hán-Nôm : khanh
|
|
|鏗
|鏗
|-
|-
|鏘
|鏘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄧㄤ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄧㄤ
|(onomatopoeia) tinkle; clang; jingle (sound of metal or jade) ‖ (Taiwan, slang) Alternative form of ㄎㄧㄤ (kiāng)
|(onomatopoeia) tinkle; clang; jingle (sound of metal or jade) ‖ (Taiwan, slang) Alternative form of ㄎㄧㄤ (kiāng)
|
|
Line 15,440: Line 18,719:
|鏘 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 장 (geumok sori jang))
|鏘 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 장 (geumok sori jang))
|tinkle
|tinkle
|Hán-Nôm : tương
|
|
|鏘
|鏘
|-
|-
|鏜
|鏜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹ • Middle-Chinese : thang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴
|a type of small copper drum • (onomatopoeia) drum or gong sound ‖ to bore hole
|a type of small copper drum • (onomatopoeia) drum or gong sound ‖ to bore hole
|
|
Line 15,450: Line 18,731:
|鏜 • (dang) · 鏜 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|鏜 • (dang) · 鏜 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|boring tool
|boring tool
|
|
|
|鏜
|鏜
|-
|-
|鏟
|鏟
|Cantonese · Jyutping : caan² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋ̊ʰreːnʔ, *sŋ̊ʰraːns) : semantic 金 + phonetic 產 (OC *sŋreːnʔ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : caan² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián • Middle-Chinese : tsrheanX • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaenH
|spade; shovel; scoop • to shovel; to level off • to root out; to destroy • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to delete (data on a computer or other device)
|spade; shovel; scoop • to shovel; to level off • to root out; to destroy • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to delete (data on a computer or other device)
|
|
Line 15,460: Line 18,743:
|鏟 • (san) · 鏟 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|鏟 • (san) · 鏟 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
|
|
|canonical : 鏟: Hán Việt readings: sạn • canonical : sản 鏟: Nôm readings: sản • canonical : san • canonical : sán • canonical : xẻng • canonical : sám
|chữ Hán form of sạn (“shovel”). • Nôm form of xẻng (“shovel”).
|chữ Hán form of sạn (“shovel”). • Nôm form of xẻng (“shovel”).
|鏟
|鏟
|-
|-
|鏢
|鏢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piau
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piau • Middle-Chinese : phjiew
|dart; spear; harpoon • (archaic) goods sent under the protection of an armed escort
|dart; spear; harpoon • (archaic) goods sent under the protection of an armed escort
|
|
Line 15,470: Line 18,755:
|鏢 (eum 표 (pyo))
|鏢 (eum 표 (pyo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiu
|
|
|鏢
|鏢
|-
|-
|鏽
|鏽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯwɢs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ). \ Related to 鏉 (OC *srus) (Wang, 1982).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù
|rust (deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation) • to rust; to get rusty; to corrode; to oxidise • incrustation • rust (disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus)
|rust (deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation) • to rust; to get rusty; to corrode; to oxidise • incrustation • rust (disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus)
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
|鏽 • (su) · 鏽 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|鏽 • (su) · 鏽 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,484: Line 18,772:
|-
|-
|鐃
|鐃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rŋaːw) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Middle-Chinese : nraew
|(historical) wide upward-facing bronze bell connected to a short handle and struck with a mallet, used in battle to halt or recall troops • (music) big cymbals • Alternative form of 撓／挠 (náo, “to disturb; to argue; to debate”)
|(historical) wide upward-facing bronze bell connected to a short handle and struck with a mallet, used in battle to halt or recall troops • (music) big cymbals • Alternative form of 撓／挠 (náo, “to disturb; to argue; to debate”)
| ‖ 鐃(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?) ‖ 鐃(どう) • (dō) ^(←だう (dau)?)
| ‖ 鐃(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?) ‖ 鐃(どう) • (dō) ^(←だう (dau)?)
| ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples
| ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples
|鐃 • (nyo>yo) · 鐃 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo)
|鐃 • (nyo>yo) · 鐃 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,494: Line 18,784:
|-
|-
|鐮
|鐮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rem) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjam (“sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : ljem
|sickle
|sickle
|
|
Line 15,500: Line 18,791:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 鐮: Hán Việt readings: liêm 鐮: Nôm readings: liềm • canonical : liêm • canonical : lẹm
|Nôm form of liềm (“sickle”).
|Nôm form of liềm (“sickle”).
|鐮
|鐮
|-
|-
|鐲
|鐲
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rdoːɡ, *zroːɡ, *djoɡ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Middle-Chinese : dzyowk • Middle-Chinese : draewk
|^⁜ bangle; rigid bracelet • (historical) bell used to control the pace of marching troops
|^⁜ bangle; rigid bracelet • (historical) bell used to control the pace of marching troops
|
|
Line 15,510: Line 18,803:
|
|
|
|
|canonical : 鐲: Hán Việt readings: trạc 鐲: Nôm readings: đúc • canonical : đục • canonical : đọc • canonical : chạc • canonical : trọc
|chữ Hán form of trạc (“bracelet, gong (instrument)”). • Nôm form of đúc (“to cast metal”).
|chữ Hán form of trạc (“bracelet, gong (instrument)”). • Nôm form of đúc (“to cast metal”).
|鐲
|鐲
|-
|-
|鐳
|鐳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lui ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːl) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 雷 (OC *ruːl). \ Borrowed from English radium. ‖ Borrowed from Malay duit, from Dutch duit. ‖ Transliteration character. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lui ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî • Middle-Chinese : lwoj
|(chemistry) radium ‖ (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; Zhongshan Min) copper cash; coin • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for copper cash. • (Malaysian Cantonese and Singapore Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; slang in Hong Kong Cantonese) money ‖ Only used in 鐳射／镭射 (léishè). ‖ (archaic) bottle; pitcher
|(chemistry) radium ‖ (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; Zhongshan Min) copper cash; coin • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for copper cash. • (Malaysian Cantonese and Singapore Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; slang in Hong Kong Cantonese) money ‖ Only used in 鐳射／镭射 (léishè). ‖ (archaic) bottle; pitcher
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,524: Line 18,820:
|-
|-
|鐸
|鐸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːɡ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : dak
|(historical) large bronze bell with a wooden or bronze clapper and a long handle, used for war and to announce proclamations • a surname
|(historical) large bronze bell with a wooden or bronze clapper and a long handle, used for war and to announce proclamations • a surname
| ‖ 鐸(ぬりて) • (nurite) ‖ 鐸(ぬて) • (nute) ‖ 鐸(さなき) • (sanaki) ‖ 鐸(たく) • (taku)
| ‖ 鐸(ぬりて) • (nurite) ‖ 鐸(ぬて) • (nute) ‖ 鐸(さなき) • (sanaki) ‖ 鐸(たく) • (taku)
|a bell used for signaling • wind chime ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient large iron bell used in rituals ‖ a large bell made of copper or bronze with a long handle on the top to grab and ring
|a bell used for signaling • wind chime ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient large iron bell used in rituals ‖ a large bell made of copper or bronze with a long handle on the top to grab and ring
|鐸 (eumhun 방울 탁 (bang'ul tak))
|鐸 (eumhun 방울 탁 (bang'ul tak))
|Hanja form of 탁 (“bell”).
|hanja form of 탁 (“bell”)
|Hán-Nôm : đạc • Hán-Nôm : đác
|
|
|鐸
|鐸
|-
|-
|鐺
|鐺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Middle-Chinese : tang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaeng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹
|(onomatopoeia) Metallic sound: clank; clang • (literary) earring of women ‖ shallow, flat pan; griddle • an ancient type of pot with legs ‖ a type of small copper drum
|(onomatopoeia) Metallic sound: clank; clang • (literary) earring of women ‖ shallow, flat pan; griddle • an ancient type of pot with legs ‖ a type of small copper drum
|
|
Line 15,540: Line 18,839:
|鐺 • (dang) · 鐺 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|鐺 • (dang) · 鐺 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
|
|
|canonical : 鐺: Hán Việt readings: sanh • canonical : thang • canonical : đang • canonical : đương • canonical : tang 鐺: Nôm readings: đương • canonical : xanh
|wok
|wok
|鐺
|鐺
|-
|-
|鑒
|鑒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm • Middle-Chinese : ken • Middle-Chinese : kaemH
|(bronze) mirror • to inspect; to examine • to reflect; to mirror • to evaluate; to assess • perceptiveness; vigilance • reflection • lesson; example; warning • (historical) large reflective basin for holding water or ice
|(bronze) mirror • to inspect; to examine • to reflect; to mirror • to evaluate; to assess • perceptiveness; vigilance • reflection • lesson; example; warning • (historical) large reflective basin for holding water or ice
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
|鑒 (eumhun 거울 감 (geoul gam))
|鑒 (eumhun 거울 감 (geoul gam))
|Alternative form of 鑑 (“Hanja form of 감 (“mirror; inspection”).”)
|Alternative form of 鑑 (“hanja form of 감 (“mirror; inspection”)”)
|Hán-Nôm : giám • Hán-Nôm : gương
|
|
|鑒
|鑒
|-
|鑛
|
|
|
|ore
|鑛 (eumhun 쇳돌 광 (soetdol gwang))
|Hanja form of 광 (“mineral, ore”). • Hanja form of 광 (“mine”).
|mineral
|鑛
|-
|-
|鑠
|鑠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰljawɢ) : semantic 金 (“gold”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : syak
|to melt by heat; to fuse (metal) • (literary) to weaken; to wear down • (archaic) to permeate; to seep into • fine; glorious • Alternative form of 爍／烁 (“bright; brilliant; glittering”)
|to melt by heat; to fuse (metal) • (literary) to weaken; to wear down • (archaic) to permeate; to seep into • fine; glorious • Alternative form of 爍／烁 (“bright; brilliant; glittering”)
|
|
|
|
|鑠 • (sak) · 鑠 • (sak) (hangeul 삭, revised sak, McCune–Reischauer sak, Yale sak)
|鑠 • (sak) · 鑠 • (sak) (hangeul 삭, revised sak, McCune–Reischauer sak, Yale sak)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,574: Line 18,868:
|-
|-
|鑣
|鑣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : pjew
|horse bit • (metonymically) horse, or any similar animal used for riding • Alternative form of 鏢／镖 (biāo, “dart; goods sent under the protection of an armed escort”)
|horse bit • (metonymically) horse, or any similar animal used for riding • Alternative form of 鏢／镖 (biāo, “dart; goods sent under the protection of an armed escort”)
|
|
|
|
|鑣 • (pyo) · 鑣 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|鑣 • (pyo) · 鑣 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,584: Line 18,880:
|-
|-
|鑰
|鑰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍h
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lowɢ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 龠 (OC *lowɢ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍h • Middle-Chinese : yak
|Alternative form of 𨷲 (“bolt”) • lock (device or mechanism) • key (to a lock) • (figurative) key (to something) • (figurative) strategic place • a surname
|Alternative form of 𨷲 (“bolt”) • lock (device or mechanism) • key (to a lock) • (figurative) key (to something) • (figurative) strategic place • a surname
|
|
Line 15,590: Line 18,887:
|鑰 • (yak) · 鑰 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak, Yale yak)
|鑰 • (yak) · 鑰 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak, Yale yak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dược • Hán-Nôm : thược • Hán-Nôm : thước
|
|
|鑰
|鑰
|-
|-
|鑲
|鑲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn • Middle-Chinese : nyang • Middle-Chinese : sjang • Middle-Chinese : nrjang
|to insert; to inlay; set; mount • to fill • to rim; to edge; to border
|to insert; to inlay; set; mount • to fill • to rim; to edge; to border
|
|
Line 15,600: Line 18,899:
|鑲 • (yang) · 鑲 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|鑲 • (yang) · 鑲 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tương
|
|
|鑲
|鑲
|-
|-
|鑼
|鑼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : la
|gong (Classifier: 面 m)
|gong (Classifier: 面 m)
| ‖ 鑼(どら) • (dora)
| ‖ 鑼(どら) • (dora)
Line 15,610: Line 18,911:
|鑼 • (ra>na) · 鑼 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|鑼 • (ra>na) · 鑼 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : la
|
|
|鑼
|鑼
|-
|-
|鑽
|鑽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns) : semantic 釒 + phonetic 贊 (OC *ʔsaːns). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns) : semantic 釒 + phonetic 贊 (OC *ʔsaːns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn • Middle-Chinese : tswan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn • Middle-Chinese : tswanH
|to drill; to bore • to study intensively • to go deep into or go through; to get into; to break through; to pierce • to secure personal gain ‖ drill; auger (tool) • diamond
|to drill; to bore • to study intensively • to go deep into or go through; to get into; to break through; to pierce • to secure personal gain ‖ drill; auger (tool) • diamond
|
|
Line 15,620: Line 18,923:
|鑽 • (chan) · 鑽 • (chan) (hangeul 찬)
|鑽 • (chan) · 鑽 • (chan) (hangeul 찬)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : toản • Hán-Nôm : xoảng • Hán-Nôm : xoàn
|
|
|鑽
|鑽
|-
|-
|鑾
|鑾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan
|a bell attached to a carriage • the carriage of the emperor
|a bell attached to a carriage • the carriage of the emperor
|
|
Line 15,630: Line 18,935:
|鑾 • (ran>nan) · 鑾 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|鑾 • (ran>nan) · 鑾 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loan
|
|
|鑾
|鑾
|-
|-
|鑿
|鑿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsha̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 ().
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsha̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k • Middle-Chinese : dzak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ • Middle-Chinese : dzuwk
|chisel • to bore; to cut a hole; to chisel • to dig • (obsolete) tool for tattooing the face as punishment • (literary) to interpret in a strained manner • (obsolete) Used in 鑿行／凿行. • (obsolete) Used in 鑿空／凿空 (záokōng). • (obsolete) feeling; emotion • (literary or Beijing Mandarin) to beat forcefully • (Hokkien) to stab; to pierce • (Mainland China Hokkien) to criticize with pointed words; to poke holes in people's holes or secrets • (Taiwanese Hokkien) feeling uncomfortable (when worn, etc.) ‖ hole; mortise • tunnel ‖ real; authentic; irrefutable • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “to polish (rice)”) • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “polished rice”) • Used in 鑿鑿／凿凿 (zuòzuò). ‖ ^† to carve • ^† Alternative form of 鏃／镞 (“arrow”)
|chisel • to bore; to cut a hole; to chisel • to dig • (obsolete) tool for tattooing the face as punishment • (literary) to interpret in a strained manner • (obsolete) Used in 鑿行／凿行. • (obsolete) Used in 鑿空／凿空 (záokōng). • (obsolete) feeling; emotion • (literary or Beijing Mandarin) to beat forcefully • (Hokkien) to stab; to pierce • (Mainland China Hokkien) to criticize with pointed words; to poke holes in people's holes or secrets • (Taiwanese Hokkien) feeling uncomfortable (when worn, etc.) ‖ hole; mortise • tunnel ‖ real; authentic; irrefutable • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “to polish (rice)”) • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “polished rice”) • Used in 鑿鑿／凿凿 (zuòzuò). ‖ ^† to carve • ^† Alternative form of 鏃／镞 (“arrow”)
|
|
|
|
|鑿 (eumhun 뚫을 착 (ttureul chak)) ‖ 鑿 (eumhun 구멍 조 (gumeong jo))
|鑿 (eumhun 뚫을 착 (ttureul chak)) ‖ 鑿 (eumhun 구멍 조 (gumeong jo))
|Hanja form of 착 (“to bore; to pierce”). ‖ (archaic) Hanja form of 조 (“hole”).
|hanja form of 착 (“to bore; to pierce”) ‖ (archaic) hanja form of 조 (“hole”)
|Hán-Nôm : tạc • Hán-Nôm : toạc
|
|
|鑿
|鑿
|-
|-
|閂
|閂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 一 (“crossbar”) ― a crossbar over a gate; sealing it closed. \ Compare 關. \ Related to 關 (OC *kroːn) (Zhengzhang, 2003). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn
|bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close (a door, a gate, etc.) • (Cantonese) to switch off; to turn off ‖ bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch; to lock
|bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close (a door, a gate, etc.) • (Cantonese) to switch off; to turn off ‖ bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch; to lock
| ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (kwannuki)?) ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (Kwannuki)?)
| ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (kwannuki)?) ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (Kwannuki)?)
| ‖ a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch • (sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar ‖ a surname
| ‖ a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch • (sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar ‖ a surname
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,654: Line 18,964:
|-
|-
|閃
|閃
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Siám ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 人 (“person”) — a person running through a gate. \ Possibly iterative devoicing of 燄 (OC *lamʔ, “to be flaming up”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Ultimately from Hebrew שם (Šēm). ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siám • Middle-Chinese : syemX • Middle-Chinese : syemH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Siám ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn
|to dodge; to evade • to twist; to sprain; to pull a muscle • to flash • lightning; flash • to sparkle; to shine • sparkling; shiny • to rock; to sway • (dialectal) to leave behind • (Cantonese, colloquial) to leave, especially quickly or suddenly • (neologism) affectionate between couples • a surname ‖ Shem (Biblical character) ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 爍／烁
|to dodge; to evade • to twist; to sprain; to pull a muscle • to flash • lightning; flash • to sparkle; to shine • sparkling; shiny • to rock; to sway • (dialectal) to leave behind • (Cantonese, colloquial) to leave, especially quickly or suddenly • (neologism) affectionate between couples • a surname ‖ Shem (Biblical character) ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 爍／烁
| ‖ 閃(せん) • (Sen)
| ‖ 閃(せん) • (Sen)
|flash • brandish ‖ a female given name
|flash • brandish ‖ a female given name
|閃 (eumhun 번쩍일 섬 (beonjjeogil seom))
|閃 (eumhun 번쩍일 섬 (beonjjeogil seom))
|Hanja form of 섬 (“flash”).
|hanja form of 섬 (“flash”)
|Hán-Nôm : thiểm
|
|
|閃
|閃
|-
|-
|閒
|閒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haan⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : âinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“door”) + 月 (“moon”) – moonlight peeking through a door – interstice; space (original character of 間). \ Karlgren (1957) and Baxter (1992) connect this word with 間 (OC *kreːn, “interstice time”). \ Alternatively, Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with 暇 (OC *ɡraːs, “to be at leisure”). \ Schuessler (2007) considers this unrelated to 間 (OC *kreːn, *kreːns), and instead proposes that this is borrowed from Tai languages, akin to Thai คร้าน (kráan, “lazy; indolent”). 懶 (OC *raːnʔ, “lazy”) may be a colloquial reflex of the same word (ibid.).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : âinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân • Middle-Chinese : hean
|not busy; idle • vacant; unoccupied; unused • leisurely and carefree • trivial; unimportant • unrelated to one's proper business; extraneous; belonging to others • relaxed; peaceful; tranquil; calm • leisure; spare time; free time • (gambling) player (instead of banker) • a surname • (Hakka) Alternative form of 還／还 (“very”)
|not busy; idle • vacant; unoccupied; unused • leisurely and carefree • trivial; unimportant • unrelated to one's proper business; extraneous; belonging to others • relaxed; peaceful; tranquil; calm • leisure; spare time; free time • (gambling) player (instead of banker) • a surname • (Hakka) Alternative form of 還／还 (“very”)
|
|
Line 15,670: Line 18,983:
|閒 • (han, gan) · 閒 • (han, gan) (hangeul 한, 간, revised han, gan, McCune–Reischauer han, kan, Yale han, kan)
|閒 • (han, gan) · 閒 • (han, gan) (hangeul 한, 간, revised han, gan, McCune–Reischauer han, kan, Yale han, kan)
|leisure, idle • peaceful, tranquil, calm
|leisure, idle • peaceful, tranquil, calm
|Hán-Nôm : gian • Hán-Nôm : nhàn • Hán-Nôm : gián
|
|
|閒
|閒
|-
|-
|閔
|閔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯnʔ) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín • Middle-Chinese : minX
|to pity; to feel compassion for • to worry; to concern • a surname
|to pity; to feel compassion for • to worry; to concern • a surname
|
|
Line 15,680: Line 18,995:
|閔 • (min) · 閔 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)
|閔 • (min) · 閔 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mẫn
|
|
|閔
|閔
|-
|-
|閘
|閘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍p
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍p • Middle-Chinese : kap • Middle-Chinese : 'aep
|sluice; floodgate • switch; breaker; brake • (chiefly Cantonese) gate (Classifier: 道 c) • to dam • (Cantonese, Southern Min) to block; to obstruct • (Hong Kong, soccer) fullback • a surname
|sluice; floodgate • switch; breaker; brake • (chiefly Cantonese) gate (Classifier: 道 c) • to dam • (Cantonese, Southern Min) to block; to obstruct • (Hong Kong, soccer) fullback • a surname
|
|
|
|
|閘 • (gap) · 閘 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|閘 • (gap) · 閘 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,694: Line 19,012:
|-
|-
|閡
|閡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɡɯːɡs) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngojH
|to separate; to cut off
|to separate; to cut off
|
|
|blocked or separated • to prevent
|blocked or separated • to prevent
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,704: Line 19,024:
|-
|-
|閤
|閤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Middle-Chinese : kop ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶
|(literary) side door • throne room • (alt. form 閣) chamber; pavilion • (alt. form 閣) female quarters • a surname ‖ (alt. form 合, 闔) to close; to shut • (alt. form 闔) all of; whole of; entire
|(literary) side door • throne room • (alt. form 閣) chamber; pavilion • (alt. form 閣) female quarters • a surname ‖ (alt. form 合, 闔) to close; to shut • (alt. form 闔) all of; whole of; entire
|
|
Line 15,710: Line 19,031:
|閤 • (hap) · 閤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|閤 • (hap) · 閤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : các
|
|
|閤
|閤
|-
|-
|閨
|閨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷeː) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː, “pointed jade tablet”) – arched door in the shape of a 圭 (guī).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Middle-Chinese : kwej
|(literary) small arched gate • boudoir; lady's chamber
|(literary) small arched gate • boudoir; lady's chamber
|
|
Line 15,720: Line 19,043:
|閨 • (gyu) · 閨 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|閨 • (gyu) · 閨 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khuê
|
|
|閨
|閨
|-
|-
|閩
|閩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯn, *mɯn) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). The 虫 radical was a common component of the names of barbarians (Schuessler, 2007), probably reflecting the Min people's worship of snakes (Li, 2017). \ Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT. \ In most modern Min dialects and some other southern dialects (including Hakka and Xiang), it is read with a level tone (平聲), which is the expected reflex based on rime dictionaries. In Mandarin and the remaining southern dialects, it is read with a rising tone (上聲), probably due to analogy with the phonetic component of 閔 (MC minX) (Li, 2017).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn • Middle-Chinese : min • Middle-Chinese : mjun
|(historical) Min people (ancient ethnic group) • (～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China) • Fujian • (～語, ～方言) Min languages • a surname
|(historical) Min people (ancient ethnic group) • (～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China) • Fujian • (～語, ～方言) Min languages • a surname
| ‖ 閩(びん) • (Bin)
| ‖ 閩(びん) • (Bin)
Line 15,730: Line 19,055:
|閩 • (min) · 閩 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)
|閩 • (min) · 閩 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mân
|
|
|閩
|閩
|-
|-
|閭
|閭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ra) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 呂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Middle-Chinese : ljo
|(literary) gate of a lane or alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley · (historical) village or neighbourhood of twenty-five families (according to certain historical sources of various authenticity) • a surname
|(literary) gate of a lane or alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley · (historical) village or neighbourhood of twenty-five families (according to certain historical sources of various authenticity) • a surname
| ‖ 閭(りょ) • (ryo)
| ‖ 閭(りょ) • (ryo)
Line 15,740: Line 19,067:
|閭 • (ryeo>yeo) · 閭 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|閭 • (ryeo>yeo) · 閭 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lữ • Hán-Nôm : lừ • Hán-Nôm : lư
|
|
|閭
|閭
|-
|閱
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lod) : semantic 門 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : et • Middle-Chinese : ywet
|(literary, or in compounds) to inspect; to examine; to review • (literary, or in compounds) to read; to peruse • (literary, or in compounds) to experience; to go through • a surname: Yue
|
|to review manuscripts; to read attentively • to inspect; to censor; to review troops
|閱 (eumhun 검열할 열 (geomyeolhal yeol))
|inspect
|Hán-Nôm : duyệt
|
|閱
|-
|-
|閲
|閲
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,750: Line 19,091:
|閲 (eumhun 검열할 열 (geomyeolhal yeol))
|閲 (eumhun 검열할 열 (geomyeolhal yeol))
|inspect
|inspect
|Hán-Nôm : duyệt • Hán-Nôm : dượt
|
|
|閲
|閲
|-
|-
|閻
|閻
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâm
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâm • Middle-Chinese : yem
|village gate • a surname
|village gate • a surname
|
|
Line 15,760: Line 19,103:
|閻 • (yeom) · 閻 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|閻 • (yeom) · 閻 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diêm
|
|
|閻
|閻
|-
|-
|闆
|闆
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˇ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˇ
|Only used in 老闆／老板 (lǎobǎn). ‖ ^‡ to look from a door
|Only used in 老闆／老板 (lǎobǎn). ‖ ^‡ to look from a door
Line 15,770: Line 19,115:
|闆 • (ban) · 闆 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
|闆 • (ban) · 闆 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
|inside the gate [door, window] • adult • landlord • plank
|inside the gate [door, window] • adult • landlord • plank
|
|
|
|闆
|闆
|-
|-
|闈
|闈
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjw+j
|side door of the palace • imperial concubines' residence • one's parents' bedroom • women's quarters • (historical) imperial examination hall or room
|side door of the palace • imperial concubines' residence • one's parents' bedroom • women's quarters • (historical) imperial examination hall or room
|
|
Line 15,780: Line 19,127:
|闈 • (wi) · 闈 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|闈 • (wi) · 闈 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)
|gate • royal palace • inner room
|gate • royal palace • inner room
|
|
|
|闈
|闈
|-
|-
|闊
|闊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuah
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰoːd) : semantic 門 (“gate; door”) + phonetic 活 (OC *koːd, *ɡoːd)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuah • Middle-Chinese : khwat
|broad; wide • rich; wealthy • empty; impractical • (Hokkien) big (of someone's mouth)
|broad; wide • rich; wealthy • empty; impractical • (Hokkien) big (of someone's mouth)
|
|
Line 15,790: Line 19,139:
|闊 • (hwal) · 闊 • (hwal) (hangeul 활, revised hwal, McCune–Reischauer hwal, Yale hwal)
|闊 • (hwal) · 闊 • (hwal) (hangeul 활, revised hwal, McCune–Reischauer hwal, Yale hwal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : khoát • Hán-Nôm : khoắt
|
|
|闊
|闊
|-
|-
|闋
|闋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : khwet
|(literary) to stop; to end • Classifier for songs, poems, etc. • Classifier for stanzas of a poem.
|(literary) to stop; to end • Classifier for songs, poems, etc. • Classifier for stanzas of a poem.
|
|
|close • shut • watch-tower • rest
|close • shut • watch-tower • rest
|闋 • (gyeol) · 闋 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|闋 • (gyeol) · 闋 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,804: Line 19,156:
|-
|-
|闌
|闌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Middle-Chinese : lan
|door screen • railing; fence • to exhaust; to use up; to end; to finish; to wane • late (in time)
|door screen • railing; fence • to exhaust; to use up; to end; to finish; to wane • late (in time)
|
|
Line 15,810: Line 19,163:
|闌 • (ran>nan) · 闌 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|闌 • (ran>nan) · 闌 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : làn • Hán-Nôm : lan
|
|
|闌
|闌
|-
|-
|闐
|闐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːn, *diːns) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 眞 (OC *ʔljin) ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : den ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : denH
|Used in 闐闐／阗阗; also used as its short form. • (alt. form 填) to fill up ‖ Used in place names
|Used in 闐闐／阗阗; also used as its short form. • (alt. form 填) to fill up ‖ Used in place names
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,824: Line 19,180:
|-
|-
|闔
|闔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Middle-Chinese : hap ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah
|(literary) door; door leaf • (literary) all of; whole of; entire • (literary) to close; to shut • Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”) • a surname. ‖ (Southern Min) to close, leaving it slightly open • (Mainland China Hokkien) to be detained; to be held up; to get stuck
|(literary) door; door leaf • (literary) all of; whole of; entire • (literary) to close; to shut • Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”) • a surname. ‖ (Southern Min) to close, leaving it slightly open • (Mainland China Hokkien) to be detained; to be held up; to get stuck
|
|
Line 15,830: Line 19,187:
|闔 • (hap) · 闔 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|闔 • (hap) · 闔 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
|to close; to shut • whole; entire; all
|to close; to shut • whole; entire; all
|Hán-Nôm : hạp
|
|
|闔
|闔
|-
|-
|闖
|闖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – a horse (馬) rushing through a gate (門). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ • Middle-Chinese : trhimH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn
|to peek ‖ to rush in; to burst in • to break through; to charge • to lead to (a negative outcome); to incur; to bring about • a surname: Chuang
|to peek ‖ to rush in; to burst in • to break through; to charge • to lead to (a negative outcome); to incur; to bring about • a surname: Chuang
|
|
|rush in, burst in
|rush in, burst in
|闖 • (teum) · 闖 • (teum) (hangeul 틈, revised teum, McCune–Reischauer t'ŭm, Yale thum)
|闖 • (teum) · 闖 • (teum) (hangeul 틈, revised teum, McCune–Reischauer t'ŭm, Yale thum)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,844: Line 19,204:
|-
|-
|闡
|闡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán • Middle-Chinese : tsyhenX
|
|
|
|
Line 15,850: Line 19,211:
|闡 • (cheon) · 闡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|闡 • (cheon) · 闡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xiển • Hán-Nôm : xén • Hán-Nôm : sởn • Hán-Nôm : xển • Hán-Nôm : xèng • Hán-Nôm : siển • Hán-Nôm : xẻn • Hán-Nôm : xởn
|
|
|闡
|闡
|-
|-
|闢
|闢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t
|In the bronze script, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“door”) + 𠬜 (“two hands pushing open the door”) – to open. \ Since the seal script, now a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beɡ) : semantic 門 + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). \ Compare 開.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Middle-Chinese : bjiek
|to open • to settle; to develop; to open up
|to open • to settle; to develop; to open up
|
|
Line 15,860: Line 19,223:
|闢 • (byeok) · 闢 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek)
|闢 • (byeok) · 闢 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tịch
|
|
|闢
|闢
|-
|-
|阡
|阡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːn) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 千 (OC *sn̥ʰiːn).
|(literary) footpaths between fields going north to south
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshen
|(literary) footpath between fields going north to south
|
|
|(financial, archaic) thousand
|(financial, archaic) thousand
|阡 • (cheon) · 阡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|阡 • (cheon) · 阡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|
|canonical : 阡: Hán Việt readings: thiên 阡: Nôm readings: thiên
|chữ Hán form of thiên (“bank of a rice paddy”).
|chữ Hán form of thiên (“bank of a rice paddy”).
|阡
|阡
|-
|-
|阮
|阮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gún ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋon, *ŋonʔ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon). \ ; “ruan (musical instrument)” ‖ Contraction of 我儂／我侬 (góa-nâng, “we”). See 儂 (“person; pronoun suffix”) for more. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn • Middle-Chinese : ngjwonX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gún ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : ngjwon
|a surname: Ruan, Yuen, Nguyễn • (historical) state of Ruan (a small state during the Shang Dynasty) • ruan (a Chinese long-necked fretted round-bodied plucked lute) ‖ (Southern Min, exclusive) we; our • (Hokkien) I; my ‖ The name of a mountain. • Alternative form of 原 (yuán), only used in 五阮關／五阮关.
|a surname: Ruan, Yuen, Nguyễn • (historical) state of Ruan (a small state during the Shang Dynasty) • ruan (a Chinese long-necked fretted round-bodied plucked lute) ‖ (Southern Min, exclusive) we; our • (Hokkien) I; my ‖ The name of a mountain. • Alternative form of 原 (yuán), only used in 五阮關／五阮关.
|
|
Line 15,880: Line 19,247:
|阮 • (wan, won) · 阮 • (wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune–Reischauer wan, wŏn, Yale wan, wen)
|阮 • (wan, won) · 阮 • (wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune–Reischauer wan, wŏn, Yale wan, wen)
|
|
|chữ Hán form of Nguyễn (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|canonical : 阮: Hán Việt readings: nguyễn 阮: Nôm readings: nguyễn
|Chữ Hán form of Nguyễn (“a surname from Chinese.”).
|阮
|阮
|-
|-
|阱
|阱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsénn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 阝 (“mound”) + phonetic 井 (OC *skeŋʔ, “well”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsénn • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX
|pitfall, trap
|pitfall, trap
|
|
|
|
|阱 (eum 정 (jeong))
|阱 (eum 정 (jeong))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,894: Line 19,264:
|-
|-
|陀
|陀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ
|steep bank; rough terrain ‖ (literary) to collapse
|steep bank; rough terrain ‖ (literary) to collapse
|
|
Line 15,900: Line 19,271:
|陀 (eum 타 (ta))
|陀 (eum 타 (ta))
|
|
|canonical : 陀: Hán Việt readings: đà 陀: Nôm readings: đà • canonical : đã • canonical : đờ
|Nôm form of đã (“to finish, conclude”). • Nôm form of đờ (“sluggish”).
|Nôm form of đã (“to finish, conclude”). • Nôm form of đờ (“sluggish”).
|陀
|陀
|-
|-
|陲
|陲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djol) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzywe
|frontier; border
|frontier; border
|
|
|
|
|陲 • (su) · 陲 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|陲 • (su) · 陲 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,914: Line 19,288:
|-
|-
|隍
|隍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːŋ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 皇 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Middle-Chinese : hwang
|dry moat • the tutelary deity of a Chinese village, town, or city
|dry moat • the tutelary deity of a Chinese village, town, or city
|
|
Line 15,920: Line 19,295:
|隍 • (hwang) · 隍 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|隍 • (hwang) · 隍 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|
|
|canonical : 隍: Hán Việt readings: hoàng 隍: Nôm readings: hoàng
|chữ Hán form of hoàng (“dry moat”).
|chữ Hán form of hoàng (“dry moat”).
|隍
|隍
|-
|-
|随
|随
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,929: Line 19,306:
|follow, though, notwithstanding • while, during, according to • to obey, submit, comply, act as one is told to ‖  ‖  ‖ following, accompaniment, compliance
|follow, though, notwithstanding • while, during, according to • to obey, submit, comply, act as one is told to ‖  ‖  ‖ following, accompaniment, compliance
|随 • (su) · 随 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|随 • (su) · 随 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,934: Line 19,312:
|-
|-
|隕
|隕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢunʔ) : semantic 𨸏 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢunʔ) : semantic 𨸏 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Middle-Chinese : hwinX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴
|to fall • (literary) to destroy • (literary) to lose • (obsolete) Alternative form of 殞／殒 (yǔn, “to die”) ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 員／员 (“surroundings”)
|to fall • (literary) to destroy • (literary) to lose • (obsolete) Alternative form of 殞／殒 (yǔn, “to die”) ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 員／员 (“surroundings”)
| ‖ 隕(いん) • (in) ^(←ゐん (win)?)
| ‖ 隕(いん) • (in) ^(←ゐん (win)?)
| ‖ fall; fall from the sky to the ground
| ‖ fall; fall from the sky to the ground
|隕 (eumhun 떨어질 운 (tteoreojil un))
|隕 (eumhun 떨어질 운 (tteoreojil un))
|Hanja form of 운 (“fall”).
|hanja form of 운 (“fall”)
|Hán-Nôm : vẫn
|
|
|隕
|隕
|-
|-
|隴
|隴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roŋʔ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Middle-Chinese : ljowngX
|(～山) Mount Long, a mountain in Gansu, China • (～縣) Long County (a county of Shaanxi, China) • Alternative name for 甘肅／甘肃 (Gānsù, “Gansu”). • Alternative form of 壟／垄 (lǒng, “mound; ridge; grave”) • (literary, obsolete) to flourish • a surname
|(～山) Mount Long, a mountain in Gansu, China • (～縣) Long County (a county of Shaanxi, China) • Alternative name for 甘肅／甘肃 (Gānsù, “Gansu”). • Alternative form of 壟／垄 (lǒng, “mound; ridge; grave”) • (literary, obsolete) to flourish • a surname
|
|
Line 15,950: Line 19,331:
|隴 • (rong>nong) · 隴 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|隴 • (rong>nong) · 隴 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : luống • Hán-Nôm : lủng • Hán-Nôm : lũng • Hán-Nôm : lõng • Hán-Nôm : lúng
|
|
|隴
|隴
|-
|-
|隷
|隷
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|subordinate, dependency
|subordinate, dependency
|
|
|
|
|
Line 15,964: Line 19,348:
|-
|-
|隸
|隸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːds) : phonetic 柰 (OC *naːds) + semantic 隶 (“arrest”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : lejH
|(historical) A class of lowly persons or servants in ancient China. • to be subordinate • clerical script
|(historical) A class of lowly persons or servants in ancient China. • to be subordinate • clerical script
|
|
|Alternative form of 隷.
|Alternative form of 隷.
|隸 (eumhun 종 례 (jong rye), South Korea 종 예 (jong ye))
|隸 (eumhun 종 례 (jong rye), word-initial (South Korea) 종 예 (jong ye))
|Hanja form of 례/예 (“be subserviant to, servant”).
|hanja form of 례/예 (“be subserviant to, servant”)
|Hán-Nôm : lệ
|
|
|隸
|隸
|-
|-
|雉
|雉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thī
|From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-ryak (“pheasant, partridge”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). \ *Inside Chinese, cognate with 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ, “long-tailed pheasant”) and 雒 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ). \ *Outside Chinese, cognate with Burmese ရစ် (rac), Tibetan སྲེག་པ (sreg pa, “partridge”), Mizo va-hrit. & possibly Chepang [script needed] (rut-waʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thī • Middle-Chinese : drijX
|pheasant • crenellated wall • an ancient Chinese measuring unit of the area of walls equivalent to three chi in length by one chi in height
|pheasant • crenellated wall • an ancient Chinese measuring unit of the area of walls equivalent to three chi in length by one chi in height
| ‖ 雉(きじ) or 雉(キジ) • (kiji)
| ‖ 雉(きじ) or 雉(キジ) • (kiji)
Line 15,980: Line 19,367:
|雉 (eum 치 (chi))
|雉 (eum 치 (chi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trĩ
|
|
|雉
|雉
|-
|-
|雋
|雋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 隹 (“bird”) + 弓 (“bow”). \ A bow is aiming at a bird upward. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 隹 (“bird”) + 弓 (“bow”). \ A bow is aiming at a bird upward.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Middle-Chinese : dzjwenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ
|(obsolete, especially of bird meat) plump; fatty; rich; delicious • (literary) meaningful; thought-provoking • a surname ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 俊 (jùn, “one who is superior in talent; superior in talent”)
|(obsolete, especially of bird meat) plump; fatty; rich; delicious • (literary) meaningful; thought-provoking • a surname ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 俊 (jùn, “one who is superior in talent; superior in talent”)
|
|
Line 15,990: Line 19,379:
|雋 • (jun) · 雋 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|雋 • (jun) · 雋 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuấn
|
|
|雋
|雋
|-
|-
|雍
|雍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong
|Variant form of 雝. It's likely that the phonetic component 邕 (OC *qoŋ) corrupted into 玄 at some point since their shapes looked similar in pre-Qin scripts.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowngH
|(literary) harmony; peace • (literary) harmonious • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • Alternative form of 擁／拥 (yōng, “to hold”) • Alternative form of 饔 (yōng, “cooked food”) • a surname
|(literary) harmony; peace • (literary) harmonious • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • Alternative form of 擁／拥 (yōng, “to hold”) • Alternative form of 饔 (yōng, “cooked food”) • a surname
|
|
Line 16,000: Line 19,391:
|雍 • (ong) · 雍 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|雍 • (ong) · 雍 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ủng • Hán-Nôm : úng • Hán-Nôm : ung
|
|
|雍
|雍
|-
|-
|雛
|雛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zro) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 隹 (“bird”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sû • Middle-Chinese : dzrju
|chick; fledgling • infant; toddler • young; small • Used in 鵷雛／鹓雏.
|chick; fledgling • infant; toddler • young; small • Used in 鵷雛／鹓雏.
| ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina) ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina-) ‖ 雛(ひいな) • (hīna) ^(←ひひな (fifina)?) ‖ 雛(ひよこ) • (hiyoko) ‖ 雛(ひよっこ) • (hiyokko) ‖ 雛(すう) • (sū)
| ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina) ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina-) ‖ 雛(ひいな) • (hīna) ^(←ひひな (fifina)?) ‖ 雛(ひよこ) • (hiyoko) ‖ 雛(ひよっこ) • (hiyokko) ‖ 雛(すう) • (sū)
Line 16,010: Line 19,403:
|雛 (eum 추 (chu))
|雛 (eum 추 (chu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sồ
|
|
|雛
|雛
|-
|-
|雞
|雞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kere
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keː) : phonetic 奚 (OC *ɡeː) + semantic 隹 (“short-tailed bird”). \ Onomatopoeic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Vietic *r-kaa (> Vietnamese gà), Proto-Tai *kajᴮ (“chicken”), Proto-Hmong-Mien *Kəi. \ * (to fire): From 無情雞／无情鸡 (mou⁴ cing⁴ gai¹, “pink slip”).
|chicken; fowl (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • 10th of the Chinese zodiac animals (rooster) • (slang) female prostitute • (slang) penis • (Cantonese) whistle • (Cantonese, Hokkien) trigger (of a gun) • (Cantonese) weak; useless • (Cantonese, non-productive) Suffix for adjectives describing a weak or useless person. • (Cantonese) to fire; to sack • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 笄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kere • Middle-Chinese : kej
|chicken; fowl (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • 10th of the Chinese zodiac animals (rooster) • (slang) female prostitute • (slang) penis • (Cantonese, Huicheng dialect) whistle • (Cantonese, Huicheng dialect, Hokkien) trigger (of a gun) • (Cantonese) weak; useless • (Cantonese, non-productive) Suffix for adjectives describing a weak or useless person. • (Cantonese) to fire; to sack • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 笄
|
|
|chicken (domesticated fowl) • bird
|chicken (domesticated fowl) • bird
|雞 (eumhun 닭 계 (dak gye))
|雞 (eumhun 닭 계 (dak gye))
|Hanja form of 계 (“chicken”).
|hanja form of 계 (“chicken”)
|canonical : 雞: Nôm readings: gà 雞: Hán Nôm readings: kê
|chicken
|chicken
|雞
|雞
|-
|-
|雯
|雯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯn) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn). \ From 文 (OC *mɯn, “mark; design; pattern”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Middle-Chinese : mjun
|multicoloured clouds
|multicoloured clouds
|
|
Line 16,030: Line 19,427:
|雯 • (mun) · 雯 • (mun) (hangeul 문, revised mun, McCune–Reischauer mun, Yale mun)
|雯 • (mun) · 雯 • (mun) (hangeul 문, revised mun, McCune–Reischauer mun, Yale mun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : văn
|
|
|雯
|雯
|-
|-
|霆
|霆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîng ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîng • Middle-Chinese : deng • Middle-Chinese : dengX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tân
|thunderclap; thunder • lightning ‖ (Southern Min) to make a sound; to ring
|thunderclap; thunder • lightning ‖ (Southern Min) to make a sound; to ring
|
|
|
|
|霆 • (jeong) · 霆 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|霆 • (jeong) · 霆 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,044: Line 19,444:
|-
|-
|霏
|霏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei¹ • Middle-Chinese : phj+j
|falling of snow and rain
|falling of snow and rain
|
|
Line 16,050: Line 19,451:
|霏 • (bi) · 霏 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|霏 • (bi) · 霏 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phi • Hán-Nôm : phay
|
|
|霏
|霏
|-
|-
|霑
|霑
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ
|Alternative form of 沾 • (figurative) gratefulness of a lover
|Alternative form of 沾 • (figurative) gratefulness of a lover
Line 16,060: Line 19,463:
|霑 • (jeom) · 霑 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, Yale cem)
|霑 • (jeom) · 霑 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, Yale cem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : dìm • Hán-Nôm : triêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm
|
|
|霑
|霑
|-
|-
|霓
|霓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : ngej • Middle-Chinese : ngejH • Middle-Chinese : nget
|secondary rainbow
|secondary rainbow
| ‖ 霓(にじ) • (niji)
|
|rainbow ‖ Alternative spelling of 虹
|rainbow
|霓 (eumhun 무지개 예 (mujigae ye))
|霓 (eumhun 무지개 예 (mujigae ye))
|Hanja form of 예 (“rainbow”).
|hanja form of 예 (“rainbow”)
|
|霓 (nghê, nghi, nghé, mống)
|霓 (nghê, nghi, nghé, mống)
|霓
|霓
|-
|-
|霖
|霖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîm
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîm • Middle-Chinese : lim
|(literary) long spell of rain; continuous rain
|(literary) long spell of rain; continuous rain
|
|
Line 16,080: Line 19,487:
|霖 • (rim>im) · 霖 • (rim>im) (hangeul 림>임, revised rim>im, McCune–Reischauer rim>im, Yale lim>im)
|霖 • (rim>im) · 霖 • (rim>im) (hangeul 림>임, revised rim>im, McCune–Reischauer rim>im, Yale lim>im)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lâm • Hán-Nôm : lấm • Hán-Nôm : rầm
|
|
|霖
|霖
|-
|-
|霪
|霪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yim
|(literary) long and persistent rain
|(literary) long and persistent rain
|
|
|rain lasting at least ten days
|rain lasting at least ten days
|霪 • (eum) · 霪 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
|霪 • (eum) · 霪 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,094: Line 19,504:
|-
|-
|霽
|霽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsliːls) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai³ • Middle-Chinese : tsejH
|(literary) to clear up after rain • to cease being angry • bright; sunny
|(literary) to clear up after rain • to cease being angry • bright; sunny
|
|
Line 16,100: Line 19,511:
|霽 • (je) · 霽 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey)
|霽 • (je) · 霽 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tễ
|
|
|霽
|霽
|-
|-
|霾
|霾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯː) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 貍 (OC *p·rɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : meaj
|fog; haze • misty; foggy • dust storm
|fog; haze • misty; foggy • dust storm
|
|
|
|
|霾 • (mae) · 霾 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|霾 • (mae) · 霾 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,114: Line 19,528:
|-
|-
|靂
|靂
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek
|Only used in 霹靂／霹雳 (pīlì).
|Only used in 霹靂／霹雳 (pīlì).
|
|
|thunder
|thunder
|靂 (eumhun 벼락 력 (byeorak ryeok), South Korea 벼락 역 (byeorak yeok))
|靂 (eumhun 벼락 력 (byeorak ryeok), word-initial (South Korea) 벼락 역 (byeorak yeok))
|Hanja form of 력/역 (“thunder”).
|hanja form of 력/역 (“thunder”)
|Hán-Nôm : rích
|
|
|靂
|靂
|-
|-
|靄
|靄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːds, *qaːd) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 謁 (OC *qad)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Middle-Chinese : 'ajH • Middle-Chinese : 'at
|mist; haze
|mist; haze
| ‖ 靄(もや) • (moya) ‖ 靄(あい) • (ai) ‖ 靄(あい) • (Ai)
| ‖ 靄(もや) • (moya) ‖ 靄(あい) • (ai) ‖ 靄(あい) • (Ai)
| ‖ (meteorology, also figurative) mist ‖ mist, haze • mistiness, haziness ‖ a female given name
| ‖ (meteorology, also figurative) mist ‖ mist, haze • mistiness, haziness ‖ a female given name
|靄 • (ae) · 靄 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|靄 • (ae) · 靄 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,134: Line 19,552:
|-
|-
|静
|静
|
|
|
|
|
| ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ^(←じやう (zyau)?)
| ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ^(←じやう (zyau)?)
|calm, quiet, silent ‖ quiet • still, unmoving ‖ stillness ‖ still, fixed, unmoving ‖ (Buddhism) equanimity, upekkhā, a state untroubled by attachment or aversion
|calm, quiet, silent ‖ quiet • still, unmoving ‖ stillness ‖ still, fixed, unmoving ‖ (Buddhism) equanimity, upekkhā, a state untroubled by attachment or aversion
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,144: Line 19,564:
|-
|-
|靛
|靛
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiānn
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiānn
|indigo (dye) • indigo (colour)
|indigo (dye) • indigo (colour)
Line 16,149: Line 19,570:
|
|
|靛 • (jeon) · 靛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|靛 • (jeon) · 靛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,154: Line 19,576:
|-
|-
|靦
|靦
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin²
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin²
| ‖ Used in 靦腆／腼腆 (miǎntiǎn, “shy”).
| ‖ Used in 靦腆／腼腆 (miǎntiǎn, “shy”).
Line 16,159: Line 19,582:
|impudent • feel ashamed
|impudent • feel ashamed
|靦 • (jeon) · 靦 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|靦 • (jeon) · 靦 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,164: Line 19,588:
|-
|-
|靨
|靨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeb) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 面 (“face”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iap • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep
|(literary) dimple (of the face)
|(literary) dimple (of the face)
| ‖ 靨(えくぼ) • (ekubo) ^(←ゑくぼ (wekubo)?)
| ‖ 靨(えくぼ) • (ekubo) ^(←ゑくぼ (wekubo)?)
Line 16,170: Line 19,595:
|靨 • (yeop) · 靨 • (yeop) (hangeul 엽, revised yeop, McCune–Reischauer yŏp, Yale yep)
|靨 • (yeop) · 靨 • (yeop) (hangeul 엽, revised yeop, McCune–Reischauer yŏp, Yale yep)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yếp • Hán-Nôm : diệp
|
|
|靨
|靨
|-
|-
|靼
|靼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ • Middle-Chinese : tat • Middle-Chinese : tsyet
|
|
|
|
|tanned skin • tartars
|tanned skin • tartars
|靼 (eum 달 (dal))
|靼 (eum 달 (dal))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,184: Line 19,612:
|-
|-
|鞅
|鞅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jangX
|martingale (leather strap around a horse's neck) • (alt. form 怏) dissatisfied; discontented
|martingale (leather strap around a horse's neck) • (alt. form 怏) dissatisfied; discontented
|
|
|
|
|鞅 • (ang) · 鞅 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|鞅 • (ang) · 鞅 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,194: Line 19,624:
|-
|-
|鞏
|鞏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khōng
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koŋʔ) : phonetic 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + semantic 革.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khōng • Middle-Chinese : kjowngX
|to fasten using a leather band • to secure; to consolidate • firm; secure • Alternative form of 栱 (gǒng, “post, pillar”) • Alternative form of 恐 (kǒng, “to fear”) • (～國) (historical) State of Gong (a small state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Henan) • (～縣) (historical) Gong County (in modern-day Gongyi, Henan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Gong County, Sichuan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Longxi County, Gansu) • a surname. Gong
|to fasten using a leather band • to secure; to consolidate • firm; secure • Alternative form of 栱 (gǒng, “post, pillar”) • Alternative form of 恐 (kǒng, “to fear”) • (～國) (historical) State of Gong (a small state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Henan) • (～縣) (historical) Gong County (in modern-day Gongyi, Henan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Gong County, Sichuan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Longxi County, Gansu) • a surname. Gong
|
|
Line 16,200: Line 19,631:
|鞏 (eum 공 (gong))
|鞏 (eum 공 (gong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : củng
|
|
|鞏
|鞏
|-
|-
|鞘
|鞘
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saau¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu³ • Middle-Chinese : sjewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saau¹ • Middle-Chinese : sraew
|scabbard; sheath • tube used to carry valuables ‖ thong
|scabbard; sheath • tube used to carry valuables ‖ thong
| ‖ 鞘(さや) • (saya)
| ‖ 鞘(さや) • (saya)
| ‖ sheath • case • margin
| ‖ sheath • case • margin
|鞘 • (cho) · 鞘 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|鞘 • (cho) · 鞘 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,214: Line 19,648:
|-
|-
|鞣
|鞣
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nyuw • Middle-Chinese : nyuwH
|to tan (of hides, leather, etc.)
|to tan (of hides, leather, etc.)
|
|
|
|
|鞣 • (yu) · 鞣 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|鞣 • (yu) · 鞣 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,224: Line 19,660:
|-
|-
|鞦
|鞦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiu • Middle-Chinese : tshjuw
|(in compounds or dialectal) swing (hanging seat)
|(in compounds or dialectal) swing (hanging seat)
| ‖ 鞦(しりがい) • (shirigai)
| ‖ 鞦(しりがい) • (shirigai)
|
|
|鞦 • (chu) · 鞦 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|鞦 • (chu) · 鞦 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,234: Line 19,672:
|-
|-
|韁
|韁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang • Middle-Chinese : kjang
|bridle • reins
|bridle • reins
|
|
Line 16,240: Line 19,679:
|韁 • (gang) · 韁 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|韁 • (gang) · 韁 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
|reins • bridle
|reins • bridle
|Hán-Nôm : cương
|
|
|韁
|韁
|-
|-
|韃
|韃
|For pronunciation and definitions of 韃 – see 撻 (“to flog; to chastise; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 撻).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that
|Used in 韃靼／鞑靼 (dádá). • General name for ethnic groups living in Northern China.
|Used in 韃靼／鞑靼 (dádá). • General name for ethnic groups living in Northern China.
Line 16,250: Line 19,691:
|韃 • (dal) · 韃 • (dal) (hangeul 달, revised dal, McCune–Reischauer tal, Yale tal)
|韃 • (dal) · 韃 • (dal) (hangeul 달, revised dal, McCune–Reischauer tal, Yale tal)
|
|
|canonical : 韃: Hán Việt readings: thát
|
|
|韃
|韃
|-
|-
|韆
|韆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khan
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khan • Middle-Chinese : tshjen
|(in compounds) swing (hanging seat)
|(in compounds) swing (hanging seat)
|
|
|
|
|韆 • (cheon) · 韆 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|韆 • (cheon) · 韆 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,264: Line 19,708:
|-
|-
|韋
|韋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 舛 + 囗 – footsteps around an enclosure. Possibly the original character for 圍 (OC *ɢʷɯl, *ɢʷɯls, “to surround”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî • Middle-Chinese : hjw+j
|(archaic) tanned leather • Original form of 圍／围 (wéi, “to surround”). • a surname
|(archaic) tanned leather • Original form of 圍／围 (wéi, “to surround”). • a surname
|
|
Line 16,270: Line 19,715:
|韋 (eum 위 (wi))
|韋 (eum 위 (wi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vi
|
|
|韋
|韋
|-
|-
|韌
|韌
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǔn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯns) : semantic 韋 + phonetic 刃 (OC *njɯns).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǔn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn • Middle-Chinese : nyinH
|strong; tough; robust; sturdy • (Cantonese) tough; hard to chew or cut
|strong; tough; robust; sturdy • (Cantonese) tough; hard to chew or cut
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,284: Line 19,732:
|-
|-
|韜
|韜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho • Middle-Chinese : thaw
|(literary) sheath; scabbard; bow case • (figuratively) to hide; to conceal • art of war; military strategies
|(literary) sheath; scabbard; bow case • (figuratively) to hide; to conceal • art of war; military strategies
|
|
Line 16,290: Line 19,739:
|韜 (eum 도 (do))
|韜 (eum 도 (do))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thao
|
|
|韜
|韜
|-
|-
|韵
|韶
|
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâu • Middle-Chinese : dzyew
|(obsolete) name of a piece of music at the time of Emperor Shun • (literary) splendid; beautiful • (obsolete) to carry forward; to carry on • (obsolete) Nephelium chryseum (WP) • (～州) (historical) Shao (a former prefecture of Guangdong, China) • a surname
|
|
|
|
|韶 (eumhun 풍류 이름 소 (pungnyu ireum so)) · 韶 (eumhun 아름다울 소 (areumdaul so))
|
|
|韵 (eum 운 (un))
|Hán-Nôm : thiều
|
|
|
|韶
|韵
|-
|-
|韶
|頁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâu
|Pictogram (象形) : 首 + 卩 – head of a kneeling person, emphasising “head”. \ 頁 and 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus) were originally the same pictographic character with the same meaning of “head”, and the graphical difference was that 頁 also included the body in addition to the head of the person. \ 頁 was later used as an alternative popular form of 葉 (“leaf; page”) to mean “sheet; page (of paper)”, which is its main meaning today. \ The original sense of “head” is preserved in the radical 頁, which is used in characters such as 頭 (“head”) and 頸 (“neck”). \ Alternative form of 葉／叶 (“leaf; sheet (of paper)”). ‖ Original meaning of this character.
|(obsolete) name of a piece of music at the time of Emperor Shun • (literary) splendid; beautiful • (obsolete) to carry forward; to carry on • (obsolete) Nephelium chryseum (WP) • (～州) (historical) Shao (a former prefecture of Guangdong, China) • a surname
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍t • Middle-Chinese : het
|
|
|韶 (eumhun 풍류 이름 소 (pungnyu ireum so)) · 韶 (eumhun 아름다울 소 (areumdaul so))
|
|
|韶
|-
|頁
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍t
|sheet (of paper) • page • (computing) page • Classifier for pages. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to flip through (a book, document, etc.) • a surname: Ye ‖ head
|sheet (of paper) • page • (computing) page • Classifier for pages. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to flip through (a book, document, etc.) • a surname: Ye ‖ head
| ‖  
| ‖  
|big shell • page • leaf ‖  
|big shell • page • leaf ‖  
|頁 (eumhun 머리 혈 (meori hyeol)) · 頁 (eumhun 책 면 엽 (chaek myeon yeop))
|頁 (eumhun 머리 혈 (meori hyeol)) · 頁 (eumhun 책 면 엽 (chaek myeon yeop))
|Hanja form of 엽 (“page”).
|hanja form of 엽 (“page”)
|Hán-Nôm : hiệt • Hán-Nôm : hệt
|
|
|頁
|頁
|-
|-
|頡
|頡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kriːd, *ɡiːd) : phonetic 吉 (OC *klid) + semantic 頁 (“head”). ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Middle-Chinese : het ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ • Middle-Chinese : keat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³
|to fly up • to straighten the neck • a surname ‖ to embezzle; to rob • Used in 頡羹／颉羹. ‖ Alternative form of 桔, only used in 頡皋／颉皋.
|to fly up • to straighten the neck • a surname ‖ to embezzle; to rob • Used in 頡羹／颉羹. ‖ Alternative form of 桔, only used in 頡皋／颉皋.
|
|
Line 16,330: Line 19,775:
|頡 • (hil, gal) · 頡 • (hil, gal) (hangeul 힐, 갈, revised hil, gal, McCune–Reischauer hil, kal, Yale hil, kal)
|頡 • (hil, gal) · 頡 • (hil, gal) (hangeul 힐, 갈, revised hil, gal, McCune–Reischauer hil, kal, Yale hil, kal)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : gật • Hán-Nôm : hiệt • Hán-Nôm : hệt
|
|
|頡
|頡
|-
|-
|頤
|頤
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î
|May have originally been written 𦣞, a pictogram (象形) of a chin, in which case the modern form is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯ) : phonetic 𦣞 (, “chin”) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi
|(literary) chin; jaw; cheek • (literary) to nourish; to maintain one's health • 27th hexagram of the I Ching • a surname
|(literary) chin; jaw; cheek • (literary) to nourish; to maintain one's health • 27th hexagram of the I Ching • a surname
|
|
Line 16,340: Line 19,787:
|頤 (eum 이 (i))
|頤 (eum 이 (i))
|cheeks • jaw • chin • rear • to nourish
|cheeks • jaw • chin • rear • to nourish
|Hán-Nôm : di
|
|
|頤
|頤
|-
|-
|頰
|頰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keːb) : phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb) + semantic 頁 (“head”) – part of the head.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Middle-Chinese : kep
|(anatomy) cheek
|(anatomy) cheek
|
|
Line 16,350: Line 19,799:
|頰 (eum 협 (hyeop))
|頰 (eum 협 (hyeop))
|cheeks • jaw • amenity
|cheeks • jaw • amenity
|Hán-Nôm : giáp
|
|
|頰
|頰
|-
|-
|頷
|頷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ) : phonetic 含 (OC *ɡɯːm) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gam (“jaw; chin; molar”) (STEDT). \ Bodman (1980) considers it to be the endoactive of 含 (OC *ɡɯːm, “to hold in the mouth”), literally “the thing that holds something in the mouth”.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎm • Middle-Chinese : hom • Middle-Chinese : homX
|chin; jowl • to nod • (Southern Min) neck • a surname
|chin; jowl • to nod • (Southern Min) neck • a surname
|
|
Line 16,360: Line 19,811:
|頷 • (am) · 頷 • (am) (hangeul 암)
|頷 • (am) · 頷 • (am) (hangeul 암)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hạm • Hán-Nôm : ham • Hán-Nôm : hàm • Hán-Nôm : hợm
|
|
|頷
|頷
|-
|-
|頸
|頸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keŋʔ, *ɡeŋ) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“body part”). \ Schuessler (2007) compares this to Tibetan སྐེ (ske, “neck”), Chepang केक् (kek, “neck”), कय्क् (kəyk, “neck, stem”), and suggests that this word is part of a larger word family based on a Sino-Tibetan root *ke (“concave”). These Tibeto-Burman comparanda are given under Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s/m-kej-k (“neck”) in STEDT. \ Wang (1982) relates this to 亢 (OC *kaːŋ, “neck”), but Schuessler (2007) finds this relationship unlikely. ‖ Usually considered to be the colloquial reading of etymology 1. Wang (2016) considers the semantic narrowing from “neck” to “nape” in the limited context of 脖_子 to be implausible. ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Middle-Chinese : gjieng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún
|neck (Classifier: 條／条 c) • neck-like thing ‖ Used in colloquial words for the nape. ‖ Only used in 頷頸／颔颈 and its variants.
|neck (Classifier: 條／条 c) • neck-like thing ‖ Used in colloquial words for the nape. ‖ Only used in 頷頸／颔颈 and its variants.
| ‖ 頸(くび) • (kubi)
| ‖ 頸(くび) • (kubi)
| ‖ Alternative form of 首
| ‖ Alternative form of 首
|頸 (eumhun 목 경 (mok gyeong))
|頸 (eumhun 목 경 (mok gyeong))
|Hanja form of 경 (“neck”). [affix]
|hanja form of 경 (“neck”) [affix]
|Hán-Nôm : nghỉnh • Hán-Nôm : cảnh
|
|
|頸
|頸
|-
|-
|頹
|頹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuē
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuē • Middle-Chinese : dwoj
|Alternative form of 禿／秃 (tū, “bald”) • to fall; to drop • to collapse; to disintegrate • to decline; to degenerate; to decay; to become dilapidated • dejected; depressed; down; listless • aged; old and feeble • (ideophonic) respectful and submissive • genitals of a male horse • (Cantonese) to be dispirited; to be depressed • a surname
|Alternative form of 禿／秃 (tū, “bald”) • to fall; to drop • to collapse; to disintegrate • to decline; to degenerate; to decay; to become dilapidated • dejected; depressed; down; listless • aged; old and feeble • (ideophonic) respectful and submissive • genitals of a male horse • (Cantonese) to be dispirited; to be depressed • a surname
|
|
Line 16,380: Line 19,835:
|頹 • (toe) · 頹 • (toe) (hangeul 퇴, revised toe, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, Yale thoy)
|頹 • (toe) · 頹 • (toe) (hangeul 퇴, revised toe, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, Yale thoy)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tồi
|poor; bad; mediocre
|poor; bad; mediocre
|頹
|頹
|-
|-
|顆
|顆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kher • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kher • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò • Middle-Chinese : khwaX
|Classifier for small round objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
|Classifier for small round objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
| ‖ 顆(か) • (-ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?) ‖ 顆(か) • (ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?)
| ‖ 顆(か) • (-ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?) ‖ 顆(か) • (ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?)
Line 16,390: Line 19,847:
|顆 (eum 과 (gwa))
|顆 (eum 과 (gwa))
|grain, kernel
|grain, kernel
|Hán-Nôm : khỏa • Hán-Nôm : khoả • Hán-Nôm : lõa • Hán-Nôm : loã • Hán-Nôm : khỏ • Hán-Nôm : khở • Hán-Nôm : khửa • Hán-Nôm : khủa • Hán-Nôm : khảu
|
|
|顆
|顆
|-
|-
|顏
|顏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiânn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 彥 (OC *ŋrans) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ Bronze inscription forms: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 产 () + semantic 面 (“face”). \ Various possibilities exist: \ * Related to 額 (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”) (Wang, 1982); \ * From 迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to welcome”) + nominalising suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007); \ * Related to Tibetan ངར (ngar, “front side”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ * From a root *ŋ(ˤ)rar (“slope, nearly vertical side”), whence also 涯 (OC *ŋˤrar, “river bank”), 巘 (OC *ŋ(r)ar(ʔ), “hill”), & 山 (OC *s-ŋrar, “mountain”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014). \ * Cognate with Japhug tɯrŋa (“face”), Khroskyabs rŋá (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiânn • Middle-Chinese : ngaen
|(literary, anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area • countenance; facial expression • color; hue • prestige; dignity • a surname
|(literary, anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area • countenance; facial expression • color; hue • prestige; dignity • a surname
|
|
Line 16,400: Line 19,859:
|顏 • (an) · 顏 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)
|顏 • (an) · 顏 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)
|face • facial appearance
|face • facial appearance
|Hán-Nôm : nhan
|
|
|顏
|顏
|-
|-
|顔
|顔
|Variant form of 顏 (彥 → 彦).
|
|
|
|
Line 16,409: Line 19,870:
|face • expression ‖ a person's face • a person's reputation ‖ look; face; expression • color
|face • expression ‖ a person's face • a person's reputation ‖ look; face; expression • color
|顔 (eumhun 얼굴 안 (eolgul an))
|顔 (eumhun 얼굴 안 (eolgul an))
|Hanja form of 안 (“face”).
|hanja form of 안 (“face”)
|Hán-Nôm : nhan • Hán-Nôm : nhăn
|
|
|顔
|顔
|-
|-
|顛
|顛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thian ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thian • Middle-Chinese : ten ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˋ
|top of the head; crown • top; peak; summit • to fall; to topple; to upset • inverted • to bump; to jerk; to jolt • Alternative form of 癲／癫 (diān, “to be crazy; to go mad”) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 闐／阗 (tián, “full”) • Used in 顛顛／颠颠 (tiántián). ‖ Alternative form of 瑱 (“jade ornaments hung over the ears”)
|top of the head; crown • top; peak; summit • to fall; to topple; to upset • inverted • to bump; to jerk; to jolt • Alternative form of 癲／癫 (diān, “to be crazy; to go mad”) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 闐／阗 (tián, “full”) • Used in 顛顛／颠颠 (tiántián). ‖ Alternative form of 瑱 (“jade ornaments hung over the ears”)
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 16,420: Line 19,883:
|顛 • (jeon) · 顛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|顛 • (jeon) · 顛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|Alternative form of 顚
|Alternative form of 顚
|Hán-Nôm : điên • Hán-Nôm : đen
|
|
|顛
|顛
|-
|-
|顫
|顫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjans) : phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn • Middle-Chinese : tsyenH
|to shake; to vibrate; to tremble • to shiver; to tremble
|to shake; to vibrate; to tremble • to shiver; to tremble
|
|
Line 16,430: Line 19,895:
|顫 • (jeon) · 顫 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|顫 • (jeon) · 顫 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chiến • Hán-Nôm : chiên
|
|
|顫
|顫
|-
|-
|顰
|顰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin
|(literary) to frown; to knit one's brows
|(literary) to frown; to knit one's brows
|
|
|scowl, raised eyebrows
|scowl, raised eyebrows
|顰 • (bin) · 顰 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|顰 • (bin) · 顰 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,444: Line 19,912:
|-
|-
|顱
|顱
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·raː) : phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Middle-Chinese : lu
|(anatomy) skull • (by extension) head • (anatomy) forehead
|(anatomy) skull • (by extension) head • (anatomy) forehead
|
|
|
|
|顱 • (ro>no) · 顱 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|顱 • (ro>no) · 顱 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,454: Line 19,924:
|-
|-
|颯
|颯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sap
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sap • Middle-Chinese : sop
|(literary, onomatopoeia) sound of wind • valiant; grand • to decline; to wither • ^† suddenly
|(literary, onomatopoeia) sound of wind • valiant; grand • to decline; to wither • ^† suddenly
|
|
|storm • gust • gale
|storm • gust • gale
|颯 • (sap) · 颯 • (sap) (hangeul 삽, revised sap, McCune–Reischauer sap, Yale sap)
|颯 • (sap) · 颯 • (sap) (hangeul 삽, revised sap, McCune–Reischauer sap, Yale sap)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,464: Line 19,936:
|-
|-
|颱
|颱
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai
|Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai
|typhoon
|typhoon
Line 16,470: Line 19,943:
|颱 • (tae) · 颱 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)
|颱 • (tae) · 颱 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)
|typhoon
|typhoon
|
|
|
|颱
|颱
|-
|-
|颳
|颳
|
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuah
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuah
|(of wind) to blow
|(of wind) to blow
Line 16,479: Line 19,954:
|
|
|颳 • (gwal) · 颳 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄)
|颳 • (gwal) · 颳 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,484: Line 19,960:
|-
|-
|颶
|颶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū
|typhoon; hurricane
|typhoon; hurricane
Line 16,490: Line 19,967:
|颶 (eum 구 (gu))
|颶 (eum 구 (gu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cụ
|
|
|颶
|颶
|-
|-
|颺
|颺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎnn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎnn • Middle-Chinese : yang • Middle-Chinese : yangH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn
|(Hokkien) to flutter • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to fan • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to wave away; to flick; to whisk • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to brandish something out to someone then immediately put it away ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien) to let the wind blow
|(Hokkien) to flutter • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to fan • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to wave away; to flick; to whisk • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to brandish something out to someone then immediately put it away ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien) to let the wind blow
|
|
Line 16,500: Line 19,979:
|颺 • (yang) · 颺 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|颺 • (yang) · 颺 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)
|fly
|fly
|
|
|
|颺
|颺
|-
|-
|颼
|颼
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sau
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sau
|sound of wind • to blow (as of wind)
|sound of wind • to blow (as of wind)
Line 16,509: Line 19,990:
|
|
|颼 • (su) · 颼 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|颼 • (su) · 颼 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,514: Line 19,996:
|-
|-
|飄
|飄
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *bew) : phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew) + semantic 風 (“wind”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau • Middle-Chinese : bjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiew
|to drift • to flutter (in the wind) • (of snow) to fall • complacent
|to drift • to flutter (in the wind) • (of snow) to fall • complacent
| ‖ 飄(ひょう) • (hyō) ^(←へう (feu)?)
| ‖ 飄(ひょう) • (hyō) ^(←へう (feu)?)
Line 16,520: Line 20,003:
|飄 • (pyo) · 飄 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|飄 • (pyo) · 飄 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phiêu
|
|
|飄
|飄
|-
|飜
|
|
| ‖ 飜(はん) • (-han)
|Kyūjitai form of 翻 ‖ (mahjong) doubles
|飜 (eumhun 뒤칠 번 (dwichil beon)) · 飜 (eumhun 번역할 번 (beonyeokhal beon)) · 飜 (eumhun 날 번 (nal beon))
|Hanja form of 번 (“flip over, upset, capsize”). • Hanja form of 번 (“translate”). • Hanja form of 번 (“fly, soar, circle in the air”).
|
|飜
|-
|-
|飧
|飧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夕 (“night; evening; dusk”) + 食 (“food”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹ • Middle-Chinese : swon
|evening meal; supper; dinner • cooked food • to immerse cooked grain in water
|evening meal; supper; dinner • cooked food • to immerse cooked grain in water
|
|
|
|
|飧 • (son) · 飧 • (son) (hangeul 손, revised son, McCune–Reischauer son, Yale son)
|飧 • (son) · 飧 • (son) (hangeul 손, revised son, McCune–Reischauer son, Yale son)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,544: Line 20,020:
|-
|-
|飩
|飩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tan¹
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tan¹ • Middle-Chinese : dwon
|Only used in 餛飩／馄饨.
|Only used in 餛飩／馄饨.
|
|
Line 16,550: Line 20,027:
|飩 (eum 돈 (don))
|飩 (eum 돈 (don))
|
|
|canonical : 飩: Hán Việt readings: đồn
|
|
|飩
|飩
|-
|-
|飪
|飪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 壬 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Middle-Chinese : nyimX
|to cook thoroughly
|to cook thoroughly
|
|
Line 16,560: Line 20,039:
|飪 • (im) · 飪 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)
|飪 • (im) · 飪 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhẫm • Hán-Nôm : nhẩm
|
|
|飪
|飪
|-
|-
|飭
|飭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯɡ) : phonetic 飤 (OC *ljɯɡs) + semantic 力 \ Causative devoicing of 力 (OC *rɯɡ, “rhək”). See there for etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhik
|(literary) to put in order; to readjust; to rectify • (literary) to order; to instruct • (literary) cautious; careful; prudent • (literary) Alternative form of 飾／饰 (shì, “to decorate; to adorn”)
|(literary) to put in order; to readjust; to rectify • (literary) to order; to instruct • (literary) cautious; careful; prudent • (literary) Alternative form of 飾／饰 (shì, “to decorate; to adorn”)
|
|
Line 16,570: Line 20,051:
|飭 • (chik) · 飭 • (chik) (hangeul 칙, revised chik, McCune–Reischauer ch'ik, Yale chik)
|飭 • (chik) · 飭 • (chik) (hangeul 칙, revised chik, McCune–Reischauer ch'ik, Yale chik)
|
|
|canonical : 飭: Nôm readings: sức
|strength
|strength
|飭
|飭
|-
|-
|飴
|飴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ
|syrup or candy made from malt or rice • a kind of soft candy • (obsolete) sweet and delicious food • very sweet ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 飼／饲 (sì)
|syrup or candy made from malt or rice • a kind of soft candy • (obsolete) sweet and delicious food • very sweet ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 飼／饲 (sì)
| ‖ 飴(あめ) or 飴(アメ) • (ame)
| ‖ 飴(あめ) or 飴(アメ) • (ame)
Line 16,580: Line 20,063:
|飴 • (i, si) · 飴 • (i, si) (hangeul 이, 시, revised i, si, McCune–Reischauer i, si, Yale i, si)
|飴 • (i, si) · 飴 • (i, si) (hangeul 이, 시, revised i, si, McCune–Reischauer i, si, Yale i, si)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : di
|
|
|飴
|飴
|-
|-
|餃
|餃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 飠 (“food, eat”) + phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw) – a kind of food. \ From 角 (jiǎo, “horn”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu
|stuffed dumpling • (Teochew) wonton
|stuffed dumpling • (Teochew) wonton
|
|
Line 16,590: Line 20,075:
|餃 • (gyo) · 餃 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|餃 • (gyo) · 餃 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : giáo • Hán-Nôm : giảo • Hán-Nôm : cảo
|(only in compound há cảo and sủi cảo) dumpling
|(only in compound há cảo and sủi cảo) dumpling
|餃
|餃
|-
|-
|餉
|餉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng²
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljaŋs) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 向 (OC *hljaŋs, *hlaŋs). \ Of Hmong-Mien origin. Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *hnrəaŋᴴ (Schuessler, 2003).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng² • Middle-Chinese : syangH
|(literary) to entertain with food and beverage • rations and pay for soldiers and other officials
|(literary) to entertain with food and beverage • rations and pay for soldiers and other officials
| ‖ 餉(かれいい) • (kareii) ^(←かれいひ (kareifi)?)
| ‖ 餉(かれいい) • (kareii) ^(←かれいひ (kareifi)?)
Line 16,600: Line 20,087:
|餉 • (hyang) · 餉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)
|餉 • (hyang) · 餉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hướng
|
|
|餉
|餉
|-
|-
|餒
|餒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : noi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lué
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːlʔ) : semantic 食 + phonetic 妥 (OC *n̥ʰoːlʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : noi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lué • Middle-Chinese : nwojX
|hungry; starving; famished • discouraged; dispirited; disheartened • (literary, of fish) rotten; putrid
|hungry; starving; famished • discouraged; dispirited; disheartened • (literary, of fish) rotten; putrid
|
|
|
|
|餒 • (noe) · 餒 • (noe) (hangeul 뇌, revised noe, McCune–Reischauer noe, Yale noy)
|餒 • (noe) · 餒 • (noe) (hangeul 뇌, revised noe, McCune–Reischauer noe, Yale noy)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,614: Line 20,104:
|-
|-
|餛
|餛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwon
|Only used in 餛飩／馄饨 (húntun).
|Only used in 餛飩／馄饨 (húntun).
|
|
|
|
|餛 • (hon) · 餛 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon)
|餛 • (hon) · 餛 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,624: Line 20,116:
|-
|-
|餞
|餞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsián
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zlenʔ, *zlens) : semantic 食 (“hand”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsián • Middle-Chinese : dzjenX • Middle-Chinese : dzjenH
|to give a farewell party; to see off; to send off • to preserve fruits in honey or syrup
|to give a farewell party; to see off; to send off • to preserve fruits in honey or syrup
| ‖ 餞(はなむけ) • (hanamuke) ‖ 餞(せん) • (sen) ‖  
| ‖ 餞(はなむけ) • (hanamuke) ‖ 餞(せん) • (sen) ‖  
Line 16,630: Line 20,123:
|餞 • (jeon) · 餞 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|餞 • (jeon) · 餞 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tiễn
|
|
|餞
|餞
|-
|-
|餡
|餡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːms) : semantic 飠 (“food”) + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms) – a kind of food.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām
|filling (for dumplings, buns, etc.) • (Cantonese, figurative, informal, humorous) baby in the womb; embryo; fetus
|filling (for dumplings, buns, etc.) • (Cantonese, figurative, informal, humorous) baby in the womb; embryo; fetus
| ‖ 餡(あん) • (an)
| ‖ 餡(あん) • (an)
Line 16,640: Line 20,135:
|餡 • (ham) · 餡 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)
|餡 • (ham) · 餡 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hãm
|
|
|餡
|餡
|-
|-
|餵
|餵
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrols) : semantic 食 + phonetic 畏 (OC *quls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè
|to feed (animal, person) • to raise; to keep (animal)
|to feed (animal, person) • to raise; to keep (animal)
Line 16,650: Line 20,147:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ổi • Hán-Nôm : uy
|
|
|餵
|餵
|-
|-
|餽
|餽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶
|For pronunciation and definitions of 餽 – see 饋 (“to send gift; to offer food to a superior; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant traditional form of 饋).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH
|to make an offering to the gods • a surname
|to make an offering to the gods • a surname
|
|
Line 16,660: Line 20,159:
|餽 • (gwe) · 餽 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|餽 • (gwe) · 餽 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey)
|
|
|
|canonical : 餽: Nôm readings: quẩy
|Nôm form of quẩy.
|餽
|餽
|-
|-
|餾
|餾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : ljuw • Middle-Chinese : ljuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ
| ‖  
| ‖  
|
|
Line 16,670: Line 20,171:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lựu • Hán-Nôm : lưu
|
|
|餾
|餾
|-
|-
|餿
|餿
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹
|(of food) to spoil and stink
|(of food) to spoil and stink
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,684: Line 20,188:
|-
|-
|饅
|饅
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn) : semantic 食 + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Middle-Chinese : man
|
|
|
|
Line 16,690: Line 20,195:
|饅 • (man) · 饅 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|饅 • (man) · 饅 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : man
|
|
|饅
|饅
|-
|-
|饑
|饑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 食 + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j
|crop failure; famine; a year in which harvest is poor • Alternative form of 飢／饥 (“hunger”)
|crop failure; famine; a year in which harvest is poor • Alternative form of 飢／饥 (“hunger”)
|
|
Line 16,700: Line 20,207:
|饑 • (gi) · 饑 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|饑 • (gi) · 饑 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cơ
|
|
|饑
|饑
|-
|-
|饒
|饒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjew, *ŋjaws) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : nyew • Middle-Chinese : nyewH
|abundant; plentiful • to forgive; to have mercy on; to let off; to spare • (Mandarin, colloquial, often of the vendor) to give as a giveaway, or as an extra • (colloquial) even though; though; despite • a surname
|abundant; plentiful • to forgive; to have mercy on; to let off; to spare • (Mandarin, colloquial, often of the vendor) to give as a giveaway, or as an extra • (colloquial) even though; though; despite • a surname
|
|
Line 16,710: Line 20,219:
|饒 • (yo) · 饒 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|饒 • (yo) · 饒 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nhiêu • Hán-Nôm : nhau • Hán-Nôm : nheo • Hán-Nôm : nhiều • Hán-Nôm : sèo • Hán-Nôm : xèo
|
|
|饒
|饒
|-
|-
|饜
|饜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qem, *qems) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 食 (“food”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià • Middle-Chinese : 'jiem • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemH
|to be full (after eating); to be satiated • to be satisfied
|to be full (after eating); to be satiated • to be satisfied
|
|
Line 16,720: Line 20,231:
|饜 • (yeom) · 饜 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|饜 • (yeom) · 饜 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|be satiated • eat one's full
|be satiated • eat one's full
|Hán-Nôm : yếm
|
|
|饜
|饜
|-
|-
|饞
|饞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sâi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm) : semantic 飠 (“to eat; food”) + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Middle-Chinese : dzream ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sâi
|gluttonous; greedy • lewd; lecherous ‖ (Southern Min) gluttonous; ravenous
|gluttonous; greedy • lewd; lecherous ‖ (Southern Min) gluttonous; ravenous
|
|
Line 16,730: Line 20,243:
|饞 • (cham) · 饞 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|饞 • (cham) · 饞 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
|gluttonous • greedy • lewd • lecherous
|gluttonous • greedy • lewd • lecherous
|canonical : 饞: Hán Việt readings: sàm 饞: Nôm readings: thèm • canonical : thiểm
|Nôm form of thèm (“to want; to crave”).
|Nôm form of thèm (“to want; to crave”).
|饞
|饞
|-
|-
|馥
|馥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯɡ, *buɡ) : semantic 香 (“fragrance”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯɡ, *buɡ) : semantic 香 (“fragrance”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : bjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : bik
|(literary) fragrance; scent; aroma • (literary) fragrant; aromatic ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of an arrow striking
|(literary) fragrance; scent; aroma • (literary) fragrant; aromatic ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of an arrow striking
|
|
Line 16,740: Line 20,255:
|馥 • (bok) · 馥 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|馥 • (bok) · 馥 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phục • Hán-Nôm : phúc • Hán-Nôm : phốc • Hán-Nôm : phức
|
|
|馥
|馥
|-
|-
|馭
|馭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶
|From simplified from 𩣓 (漢語多功能字庫).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngjoH
|to drive a chariot or carriage • driver of a chariot or carriage • to control; to manage; to govern
|to drive a chariot or carriage • driver of a chariot or carriage • to control; to manage; to govern
|
|
Line 16,750: Line 20,267:
|馭 (eum 어 (eo))
|馭 (eum 어 (eo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngự • Hán-Nôm : ngựa • Hán-Nôm : ngừa • Hán-Nôm : lừa
|horse (large four-legged animal)
|horse (large four-legged animal)
|馭
|馭
|-
|-
|馮
|馮
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) : phonetic 仌 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) : phonetic 仌 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Middle-Chinese : bjuwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bing
|a place near modern Luoyang • a surname ‖ to gallop • (alt. form 淜, 憑／凭) to wade; to cross a river on foot • full; great • to covet • to bully • to seize; to encroach on • to climb; to ascend • Alternative form of 憑／凭 (píng, “to lean on”)
|a place near modern Luoyang • a surname ‖ to gallop • (alt. form 淜, 憑／凭) to wade; to cross a river on foot • full; great • to covet • to bully • to seize; to encroach on • to climb; to ascend • Alternative form of 憑／凭 (píng, “to lean on”)
|
|
Line 16,760: Line 20,279:
|馮 • (pung) · 馮 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)
|馮 • (pung) · 馮 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : Phùng
|a Vietnamese surname
|a Vietnamese surname
|馮
|馮
|-
|-
|馱
|馱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuâ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuâ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo • Middle-Chinese : daH
|to carry on the back (especially by a pack animal) ‖ load carried by a pack animal
|to carry on the back (especially by a pack animal) ‖ load carried by a pack animal
|
|
Line 16,770: Line 20,291:
|馱 (eum 타 (ta))
|馱 (eum 타 (ta))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đà • Hán-Nôm : thồ
|
|
|馱
|馱
|-
|-
|馳
|馳
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Middle-Chinese : drje
|to speed; to gallop • to spread afar • (literary) to long for; to be eager for • (literary) to chase
|to speed; to gallop • to spread afar • (literary) to long for; to be eager for • (literary) to chase
|
|
Line 16,780: Line 20,303:
|馳 • (chi) · 馳 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|馳 • (chi) · 馳 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : trì
|
|
|馳
|馳
|-
|-
|馴
|馴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn
|
|"tame; docile: obedient • to tame • 77th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; ""compliance"" (𝍒)"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : zwin
|tame; docile: obedient • to tame • 77th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "compliance" (𝍒)
|
|
|get used to • experienced • tamed
|get used to • experienced • tamed
|馴 • (sun, hun) · 馴 • (sun, hun) (hangeul 순, 훈, revised sun, hun, McCune–Reischauer sun, hun, Yale swun, hwun)
|馴 • (sun, hun) · 馴 • (sun, hun) (hangeul 순, 훈, revised sun, hun, McCune–Reischauer sun, hun, Yale swun, hwun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thuần • Hán-Nôm : tuần
|
|
|馴
|馴
|-
|-
|駁
|駁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːwɢ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 爻 (OC *ɢraːw). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bruk (“piebald”) (Schuessler, 2007, STEDT); cognate with Burmese ပြောက် (prauk, “spotted, speckled”), Karbi pʰròk, Jingpho prúʔ, Mru preu (“of mixed colors”). Another Chinese cognate may be 斑 (OC *praːn). \ 豹 (OC *preːwɢs, “leopard”) is its exopassive derivative, literally meaning, "the spotted one".
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poh • Middle-Chinese : paewk
|(of a horse's fur) variegated • mixed; heterogenous; impure • to refute; to rebut • to transport by barge • barge; lighter • suddenly • (Cantonese) to connect • Alternative form of 駮／驳 (bó, “a mythical beast that can eat tigers”)
|(of a horse's fur) variegated • mixed; heterogenous; impure • to refute; to rebut • to transport by barge • barge; lighter • suddenly • (Cantonese) to connect • Alternative form of 駮／驳 (bó, “a mythical beast that can eat tigers”)
|
|
|variegated • mixed, heterogenous • refute, disprove
|variegated • mixed, heterogenous • refute, disprove
|駁 (eumhun 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak))
|駁 (eumhun 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak))
|Hanja form of 박 (“to refute; to rebut”).
|hanja form of 박 (“to refute; to rebut”)
|Hán-Nôm : bác
|
|
|駁
|駁
|-
|-
|駑
|駑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nu
|
|
|
|
Line 16,810: Line 20,339:
|駑 (eum 노 (no))
|駑 (eum 노 (no))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : nô
|
|
|駑
|駑
|-
|-
|駕
|駕
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèe
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːls) : phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl) + semantic 馬. \ The exopassive of 加 (OC *kraːl, “to add; to attach”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲལ (khral, “to impose a tax”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèe • Middle-Chinese : kaeH
|to harness; to yoke (an animal, e.g. to a cart) • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a ship); to fly (a plane) • to direct; to control; to harness • (historical) cart; carriage • (historical) emperor's carriage • (figurative) emperor (especially on a journey) • (Classical) distance a horse travels in a day • giddyup (interjection)
|to harness; to yoke (an animal, e.g. to a cart) • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a ship); to fly (a plane) • to direct; to control; to harness • (historical) cart; carriage • (historical) emperor's carriage • (figurative) emperor (especially on a journey) • (Classical) distance a horse travels in a day • giddyup (interjection)
| ‖ 駕(が) • (ga) ^(←が (ga)?)
| ‖ 駕(が) • (ga) ^(←が (ga)?)
| ‖ vehicle; horse-drawn carriage
| ‖ vehicle; horse-drawn carriage
|駕 (eumhun 멍에 가 (meong'e ga))
|駕 (eumhun 멍에 가 (meong'e ga))
|Hanja form of 가 (“cart; carriage”).
|hanja form of 가 (“cart; carriage”)
|Hán-Nôm : giá
|
|
|駕
|駕
|-
|-
|駙
|駙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hū
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hū • Middle-Chinese : bjuH
|
|
|
|
Line 16,830: Line 20,363:
|駙 (eum 부 (bu))
|駙 (eum 부 (bu))
|side horse • close • fast
|side horse • close • fast
|Hán-Nôm : phò
|
|
|駙
|駙
|-
|-
|駛
|駛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : si² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯʔ, *srɯs) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 史 (OC *srɯʔ).
|to run quickly; to dash; to scamper; to gallop • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a vessel); to fly (an aircraft) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 使 (sai2, “to need to; to need”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír • Middle-Chinese : sriX • Middle-Chinese : sriH
|to run quickly; to dash; to scamper; to gallop • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a vessel); to fly (an aircraft) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 使 (sai2, “to need to; to need”) • (Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) Alternative form of 使 (sái, “to fuck”)
|
|
|
|
|駛 • (sa) · 駛 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|駛 • (sa) · 駛 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sử
|
|
|駛
|駛
|-
|-
|駝
|駝
|Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : da
|camel • to be humpbacked; to be hunchbacked • to carry on the back
|camel • to be humpbacked; to be hunchbacked • to carry on the back
|
|
|hump
|hump
|駝 (eumhun 낙타 타 (nakta ta))
|駝 (eumhun 낙타 타 (nakta ta))
|Hanja form of 타 (“camel”).
|hanja form of 타 (“camel”)
|Hán-Nôm : đà
|
|
|駝
|駝
|-
|-
|駟
|駟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù • Middle-Chinese : sijH
|a vehicle drawn by four horses • a horse • to drive; to ride • (archaic) Classifier for vehicles drawn by four horses. • (archaic) Classifier for horses. • a surname
|a vehicle drawn by four horses • a horse • to drive; to ride • (archaic) Classifier for vehicles drawn by four horses. • (archaic) Classifier for horses. • a surname
|
|
Line 16,860: Line 20,399:
|駟 (eum 사 (sa))
|駟 (eum 사 (sa))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tứ
|
|
|駟
|駟
|-
|-
|駢
|駢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːn) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 并 (OC *peŋ, *peŋs)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiân • Middle-Chinese : ben
|two horses that are side-by-side • side-by-side; parallel; antithetical
|two horses that are side-by-side • side-by-side; parallel; antithetical
|
|
Line 16,870: Line 20,411:
|駢 • (byeon, byeong) · 駢 • (byeon, byeong) (hangeul 변, 병, revised byeon, byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏn, pyŏng, Yale pyen, pyeng)
|駢 • (byeon, byeong) · 駢 • (byeon, byeong) (hangeul 변, 병, revised byeon, byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏn, pyŏng, Yale pyen, pyeng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bền • Hán-Nôm : biền
|
|
|駢
|駢
|-
|-
|駭
|駭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯːʔ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) \ ;"to hack"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Middle-Chinese : heajX
|terrify, frighten • (computing) to hack
|terrify, frighten • (computing) to hack
|
|
Line 16,880: Line 20,423:
|駭 • (hae) · 駭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
|駭 • (hae) · 駭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
|terrify, frighten, scare • shock
|terrify, frighten, scare • shock
|Hán-Nôm : hãi • Hán-Nôm : hãy
|
|
|駭
|駭
|-
|-
|駱
|駱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍k • Middle-Chinese : lak
|(obsolete) white horse with black mane • (obsolete) Luoyue (Lạc Việt) • Used in 駱駝／骆驼 (luòtuo, “camel”). • a surname
|(obsolete) white horse with black mane • (obsolete) Luoyue (Lạc Việt) • Used in 駱駝／骆驼 (luòtuo, “camel”). • a surname
|
|
Line 16,890: Line 20,435:
|駱 • (rak>nak) · 駱 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)
|駱 • (rak>nak) · 駱 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lạc
|
|
|駱
|駱
|-
|-
|駿
|駿
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn • Middle-Chinese : tswinH
|excellent horse; noble steed
|excellent horse; noble steed
| ‖ 駿(しゅん) • (Shun)
| ‖ 駿(しゅん) • (Shun)
Line 16,900: Line 20,447:
|駿 • (jun, sun) · 駿 • (jun, sun) (hangeul 준, 순, revised jun, sun, McCune–Reischauer chun, sun, Yale cwun, swun)
|駿 • (jun, sun) · 駿 • (jun, sun) (hangeul 준, 순, revised jun, sun, McCune–Reischauer chun, sun, Yale cwun, swun)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tuấn
|
|
|駿
|駿
|-
|-
|騁
|騁
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phìng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phìng • Middle-Chinese : trhjengX
|to gallop; to run • to give free rein to; to release from constraints • to put to use; to showcase
|to gallop; to run • to give free rein to; to release from constraints • to put to use; to showcase
|
|
Line 16,910: Line 20,459:
|騁 • (bing, jeong) · 騁 • (bing, jeong) (hangeul 빙, 정, revised bing, jeong, McCune–Reischauer ping, chŏng, Yale ping, ceng)
|騁 • (bing, jeong) · 騁 • (bing, jeong) (hangeul 빙, 정, revised bing, jeong, McCune–Reischauer ping, chŏng, Yale ping, ceng)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : sính
|
|
|騁
|騁
|-
|-
|騖
|騖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bū
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moɡs) : phonetic 敄 (OC *moʔ, *mos) + semantic 馬 (“horse”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bū • Middle-Chinese : mjuH
|
|
|
|
Line 16,920: Line 20,471:
|騖 (eum 무 (mu))
|騖 (eum 무 (mu))
|run • sprint
|run • sprint
|Hán-Nôm : vụ
|
|
|騖
|騖
|-
|-
|騙
|騙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiàn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰens) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 扁 (OC *pʰen, *benʔ, *peːnʔ, *beːnʔ) – to mount a horse by swinging a leg across it. \ ; to swindle; to deceive
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiàn • Middle-Chinese : phjienH
|to deceive; to fool • to swindle; to cheat out of; to defraud • to mount (a horse) by swinging a leg across
|to deceive; to fool • to swindle; to cheat out of; to defraud • to mount (a horse) by swinging a leg across
|
|
|
|to deceive; to fool • to swindle; to cheat out of; to defraud
|騙 (eum 편 (pyeon))
|騙 (eum 편 (pyeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : biền • Hán-Nôm : biển • Hán-Nôm : phiến
|
|
|騙
|騙
|-
|-
|騫
|騫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian • Middle-Chinese : khjen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|騫 (eum 건 (geon))
|騫 (eum 건 (geon))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 16,944: Line 20,500:
|-
|-
|騾
|騾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lêr
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːl) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 累 (OC *ruːls, *rolʔ, *rols). Written as 驘 in Shuowen.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lêr • Middle-Chinese : lwa
|mule (offspring of a donkey and a horse, sometimes specifically the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse) (Classifier: 匹 m; 頭／头 m; 隻／只 mn)
|mule (offspring of a donkey and a horse, sometimes specifically the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse) (Classifier: 匹 m; 頭／头 m; 隻／只 mn)
|
|
Line 16,950: Line 20,507:
|騾 • (ra>na) · 騾 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|騾 • (ra>na) · 騾 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loa • Hán-Nôm : la
|
|
|騾
|騾
|-
|-
|驀
|驀
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːɡ) : phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek
|suddenly; quickly; abruptly
|suddenly; quickly; abruptly
|
|
Line 16,960: Line 20,519:
|驀 (eum 맥 (maek))
|驀 (eum 맥 (maek))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mạch
|
|
|驀
|驀
|-
|-
|驃
|驃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : bjiewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : bjiewH
|(literary) horse with a yellow coat and white spots ‖ (literary, of horses) swift • (literary) valiant • (historical) Pyu city-states
|(literary) horse with a yellow coat and white spots ‖ (literary, of horses) swift • (literary) valiant • (historical) Pyu city-states
|
|
Line 16,970: Line 20,531:
|驃 • (pyo) · 驃 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|驃 • (pyo) · 驃 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|
|
|canonical : 驃: Hán Việt readings: phiếu • canonical : phiêu 驃: Nôm readings: phiêu
|chữ Hán form of phiêu (“a rapid or courageous steed”).
|chữ Hán form of phiêu (“a rapid or courageous steed”).
|驃
|驃
|-
|-
|驕
|驕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krew) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew) \ Cognate with 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew, “tall; lofty”), 憍 (OC *krew, “to lift the head”), 撟 (OC *krewʔ, “to lift”), and 嶠 (OC *ɡrews, “peak”). Beyond these, 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) and 蹻 (OC *krewʔ, “martial; vigorous”) could be allofams (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : kjew
|(likely obsolete) large horse • haughty; arrogant
|(likely obsolete) large horse • haughty; arrogant
|
|
Line 16,980: Line 20,543:
|驕 (eum 교 (gyo))
|驕 (eum 교 (gyo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiêu
|
|
|驕
|驕
|-
|-
|驟
|驟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrus) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 聚 (OC *zloʔ, *zlos). \ Related to 走 (OC *ʔsoːʔ, “to run”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo • Middle-Chinese : dzrjuwH
|to gallop; to run • sudden; abrupt • suddenly; abruptly • frequently; repeatedly • (of a horse) fast
|to gallop; to run • sudden; abrupt • suddenly; abruptly • frequently; repeatedly • (of a horse) fast
|
|
Line 16,990: Line 20,555:
|驟 (eumhun 달릴 취 (dallil chwi))
|驟 (eumhun 달릴 취 (dallil chwi))
|
|
|canonical : 驟: Hán Việt readings: sậu 驟: Nôm readings: sậu
|
|
|驟
|驟
|-
|-
|驢
|驢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·ra) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : ljo
|donkey; ass (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 條／条 m; 匹 m; 隻／只 c mn)
|donkey; ass (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 條／条 m; 匹 m; 隻／只 c mn)
|
|
|
|
|驢 (eum 려 (ryeo), South Korea 여 (yeo))
|驢 (eum 려 (ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 여 (yeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lừa
|
|
|驢
|驢
|-
|-
|驥
|驥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : kijH
|(literary) horse that can travel 1000 li in a day; fine steed • (figurative) proficient person; refined and virtuous person
|(literary) horse that can travel 1000 li in a day; fine steed • (figurative) proficient person; refined and virtuous person
|
|
Line 17,010: Line 20,579:
|驥 (eum 기 (gi))
|驥 (eum 기 (gi))
|thoroughbred horse • refined and virtuous
|thoroughbred horse • refined and virtuous
|
|
|
|驥
|驥
|-
|-
|驪
|驪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːl, *rel) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːl, *rel) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lje • Middle-Chinese : lej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ
|(literary) pure black horse • (～山) Mount Li in Shaanxi province • (alt. form 孋／㛤) historical tribe in ancient China • a surname ‖ Only used in 驪靬／骊靬 (Chíqián).
|(literary) pure black horse • (～山) Mount Li in Shaanxi province • (alt. form 孋／㛤) historical tribe in ancient China • a surname ‖ Only used in 驪靬／骊靬 (Chíqián).
|
|
Line 17,020: Line 20,591:
|驪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 驪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|驪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 驪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye)
|A pure black horse • A pair of horses
|A pure black horse • A pair of horses
|Hán-Nôm : li
|
|
|驪
|驪
|-
|-
|骯
|骯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : hangX • Middle-Chinese : khangX
|Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (āngzāng). ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng).
|Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (āngzāng). ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng).
|
|
|
|
|骯 • (hang) · 骯 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)
|骯 • (hang) · 骯 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,034: Line 20,608:
|-
|-
|骰
|骰
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiô
|From 投 (MC duw, “to throw”). Often read semantically as 色 (MC srik).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiô • Middle-Chinese : duw
|die (polyhedron used in games of chance)
|die (polyhedron used in games of chance)
|
|
Line 17,040: Line 20,615:
|骰 (eum 투 (tu))
|骰 (eum 투 (tu))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đầu
|
|
|骰
|骰
|-
|-
|骷
|骷
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹
|
|
Line 17,049: Line 20,626:
|
|
|骷 • (go) · 骷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|骷 • (go) · 骷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,054: Line 20,632:
|-
|-
|骼
|骼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːɡ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ • Middle-Chinese : kaek
|bones • Used in 骨骼 (gǔgé, “skeleton”).
|bones • Used in 骨骼 (gǔgé, “skeleton”).
|
|
|
|
|骼 • (gyeok) · 骼 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격, revised gyeok, McCune–Reischauer kyŏk, Yale kyek)
|骼 • (gyeok) · 骼 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격, revised gyeok, McCune–Reischauer kyŏk, Yale kyek)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,064: Line 20,644:
|-
|-
|髏
|髏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw
|Only used in 髑髏／髑髅 (dúlóu, “skull”).
|Only used in 髑髏／髑髅 (dúlóu, “skull”).
|
|
|skull
|skull
|髏 (eumhun 해골 루 (haegol ru), South Korea 해골 누 (haegol nu))
|髏 (eumhun 해골 루 (haegol ru), word-initial (South Korea) 해골 누 (haegol nu))
|Hanja form of 루/누 (“skull”).
|hanja form of 루/누 (“skull”)
|canonical : 髏: Hán Việt readings: lâu
|
|
|髏
|髏
|-
|-
|髒
|髒
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋʔ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 葬 (OC *ʔsaːŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋʔ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 葬 (OC *ʔsaːŋs).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsangX
|dirty; filthy; soiled; foul • to make dirty; to soil; to besmirch; to sully; to stain; to defile; to contaminate • (euphemistic) haunted; possessed by supernatural forces ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng).
|dirty; filthy; soiled; foul • to make dirty; to soil; to besmirch; to sully; to stain; to defile; to contaminate • (euphemistic) haunted; possessed by supernatural forces ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng).
|
|
Line 17,080: Line 20,663:
|髒 • (jang) · 髒 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|髒 • (jang) · 髒 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : táng • Hán-Nôm : tảng
|
|
|髒
|髒
|-
|-
|髦
|髦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo • Middle-Chinese : maw
|(literary) horse's mane • (literary) outstanding person • (literary) fangs of children • (literary, figurative) child
|(literary) horse's mane • (literary) outstanding person • (literary) fangs of children • (literary, figurative) child
|
|
|
|
|髦 • (mo) · 髦 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|髦 • (mo) · 髦 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,094: Line 20,680:
|-
|-
|髭
|髭
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔse) : semantic 髟 + phonetic 此 (OC *sʰeʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹
|moustache
|moustache
Line 17,099: Line 20,686:
|mustache
|mustache
|髭 (eum 자 (ja))
|髭 (eum 자 (ja))
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,104: Line 20,692:
|-
|-
|髯
|髯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nyem • Middle-Chinese : nyemH
|whiskers; beard • person with a lot of beard
|whiskers; beard • person with a lot of beard
|
|
|sideburns, whiskers (cheek hair)
|sideburns, whiskers (cheek hair)
|髯 (eumhun 구레나룻 염 (gurenarut yeom))
|髯 (eumhun 구레나룻 염 (gurenarut yeom))
|Alternative form of 髥 (“Hanja form of 염 (“beard; mustache”).”)
|Alternative form of 髥 (“hanja form of 염 (“beard; mustache”)”)
|
|
|
|髯
|髯
|-
|-
|髻
|髻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kiːds) : semantic 髟 (“long hair”) + phonetic 吉 (OC *klid). \ From 結 (OC *kiːd, “to tie”) + exopassive nominal suffix *-s, literally “something tied” (Baxter and Sagart, 1997, 2014; Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kejH
|hair worn in a bun or coil; topknot
|hair worn in a bun or coil; topknot
|
|
Line 17,120: Line 20,711:
|髻 • (gye) · 髻 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|髻 • (gye) · 髻 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kế
|
|
|髻
|髻
|-
|-
|鬃
|鬃
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsang
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zuːŋ, *ʔsoːŋ, *zuːŋ) : semantic 髟 (“appearance of long hair”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsang • Middle-Chinese : dzowng • Middle-Chinese : dzraewng
|mane • (Southern Min) hair • (Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) hair worn in a bun or coil; bun
|mane • (Southern Min) hair • (Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) hair worn in a bun or coil; bun
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,134: Line 20,728:
|-
|-
|鬆
|鬆
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˋ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ). ‖
|Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song • Middle-Chinese : sowng • Middle-Chinese : sjowng • Middle-Chinese : tshjowng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : suwngH
|^† (of hair) disheveled; unkempt • loose (not fixed in place tightly) • loose; relaxed • to loosen; to relax • useless • dried minced meat • (Cantonese) to leave • (Cantonese) financially solvent • (Cantonese, after numbers) to exceed by a little; to be a little over • (Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 鬆章／松章. ‖ Only used in 𩭩鬆.
|^† (of hair) disheveled; unkempt • loose (not fixed in place tightly) • loose; relaxed • to loosen; to relax • useless • dried minced meat • (Cantonese) to leave • (Cantonese) financially solvent • (Cantonese, after numbers) to exceed by a little; to be a little over • (Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 鬆章／松章. ‖ Only used in 𩭩鬆.
|
|
Line 17,140: Line 20,735:
|鬆 • (song) · 鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)
|鬆 • (song) · 鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : tông
|
|
|鬆
|鬆
|-
|-
|鬍
|鬍
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 胡 (OC *ɡaː). \ From 胡 (OC *ɡaː, “wattle; dewlap of an animal”), i.e. “that which hangs down from the chin” (Wang, 1980). \ STEDT proposes that this word comes from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-wu (“beard”), but there are phonological problems with this reconstruction.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo
|Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo
|beard; moustache; whiskers
|beard; moustache; whiskers
Line 17,150: Line 20,747:
|鬍 • (ho) · 鬍 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|鬍 • (ho) · 鬍 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hồ • Hán-Nôm : râu
|
|
|鬍
|鬍
|-
|-
|鬚
|鬚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *so) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 須 (OC *so, “beard”). \ Originally written 須, see there for more. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : sju
|beard; whisker (Classifier: 條／条 c) • antenna; feeler • whisker-like
|beard; whisker (Classifier: 條／条 c) • antenna; feeler • whisker-like
|
|
|beard
|beard
|鬚 (eumhun 수염 수 (suyeom su))
|鬚 (eumhun 수염 수 (suyeom su))
|Hanja form of 수 (“beard”).
|hanja form of 수 (“beard”)
|Hán-Nôm : tu • Hán-Nôm : tua
|
|
|鬚
|鬚
|-
|-
|鬢
|鬢
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pins) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn • Middle-Chinese : pjinH
|hair on temples
|hair on temples
|
|
|
|
|鬢 • (bin) · 鬢 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|鬢 • (bin) · 鬢 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,174: Line 20,776:
|-
|-
|鬥
|鬥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòo
|Characters in the same phonetic series (鬥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Pictogram (象形) — two figures face-to-face, fighting with bare hands. Some oracle script characters of 鬥／斗 (dòu) show that both of their hair are bristled. The character shape resembles 𠨭 and 丮 opposite each other. \ 鬥／斗 (dòu) and 鬭／斗 (dòu) are original characters of this form; forms with the similar-looking radical 門 ("door") were non-standard variants. \ Simplified form 斗 was derived via the variant form 鬦. \ 鬥／斗 (dòu) is also one of the 324 simplified characters introduced by the Republic of China (Kuomintang government) in 1935 as the simplified form of 鬭／斗 (dòu). \ Conflation of two roots "to fight" and "to meet", and the merger has been attested since ancient times. \ ; "to fight" \ ; "to meet"
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòo • Middle-Chinese : tuwH
|to fight; to struggle • to make animals fight • to contend; to compete with • to strive one's best • (archaic) (of stars) to collide with each other • chaotic; disorderly, helter-skelter • to take the opportunity to ...; to do something while it's ... • to meet; to encounter; to face • to face; to confront; to front; to be opposite • to piece together; to fit together • (dialectal) to help; to assist • (dialectal) very, quite • (dialectal) to collude, to plot • fine tea; tea of the best quality • (dialectal) bird nest • Alternative form of 逗 (dòu, “to tease, to play with”) • Alternative form of 兜 (dōu, “to solicit (customers or business)”) • Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”) • a surname
|to fight; to struggle • to make animals fight • to contend; to compete with • to strive one's best • (archaic) (of stars) to collide with each other • chaotic; disorderly, helter-skelter • to take the opportunity to ...; to do something while it's ... • to meet; to encounter; to face • to face; to confront; to front; to be opposite • to piece together; to fit together • (dialectal) to help; to assist • (dialectal) very, quite • (dialectal) to collude, to plot • fine tea; tea of the best quality • (dialectal) bird nest • Alternative form of 逗 (dòu, “to tease, to play with”) • Alternative form of 兜 (dōu, “to solicit (customers or business)”) • Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”) • a surname
| ‖ 鬥(たたかいがまえ) or 鬥(とうがまえ) • (tatakaigamae or tōgamae)
|
|to fight ‖ the kanji radical 鬥
|to fight
|鬥 (eumhun 싸울 투 (ssaul tu))
|鬥 (eumhun 싸울 투 (ssaul tu))
|Alternative form of 鬪 (“Hanja form of 투 (“fight”).”)
|Alternative form of 鬪 (“hanja form of 투 (“fight”)”)
|Hán-Nôm : đấu • Hán-Nôm : dấu
|chữ Hán form of đấu (“fight”).
|chữ Hán form of đấu (“fight”).
|鬥
|鬥
|-
|-
|鬧
|鬧
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā
|In the current form, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鬥 (“to fight”) + 市 (“market; town”) – noisy.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Middle-Chinese : nraewH
|to be noisy • to create a disturbance • (of disease, disaster, or other negative events) to occur • (Cantonese) to scold
|to be noisy • to create a disturbance • (of disease, disaster, or other negative events) to occur • (Cantonese) to scold
|
|
Line 17,190: Line 20,795:
|鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) · 鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, 뇨>요, revised ryo>yo, nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, nyo>yo, Yale lyo>yo, nyo>yo)
|鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) · 鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, 뇨>요, revised ryo>yo, nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, nyo>yo, Yale lyo>yo, nyo>yo)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : náo • Hán-Nôm : náu • Hán-Nôm : nháo • Hán-Nôm : nao • Hán-Nôm : nào
|
|
|鬧
|鬧
|-
|-
|鬨
|鬨
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs) : semantic 鬥 (“battle; fight”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung³
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung³
|to fight; to combat • to cause a commotion or disturbance
|to fight; to combat • to cause a commotion or disturbance
Line 17,200: Line 20,807:
|鬨 • (hong, hang) · 鬨 • (hong, hang) (hangeul 홍, 항, revised hong, hang, McCune–Reischauer hong, hang, Yale hong, hang)
|鬨 • (hong, hang) · 鬨 • (hong, hang) (hangeul 홍, 항, revised hong, hang, McCune–Reischauer hong, hang, Yale hong, hang)
|
|
|canonical : 鬨: Hán Việt readings: hống • canonical : hổng
|
|
|鬨
|鬨
|-
|-
|魘
|魘
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qemʔ, *qeb) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 鬼 (“devil”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemX • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep
|^⁜ a nightmare; bad dream • Used in 夢魘／梦魇 (mèngyǎn, “a nightmare; bad dream”).
|^⁜ a nightmare; bad dream • Used in 夢魘／梦魇 (mèngyǎn, “a nightmare; bad dream”).
|
|
Line 17,210: Line 20,819:
|魘 • (yeom) · 魘 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|魘 • (yeom) · 魘 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : yểm
|
|
|魘
|魘
|-
|-
|魯
|魯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luh
| ‖ Possibly related to 鹵 (OC *raːʔ) since the area used to be a salt marsh region (Baxter apud Matisoff, 1995). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luh
|foolish; stupid; rash • vulgar ‖ (～國) (historical) Lu (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China in modern day Shandong) • Short for 山東／山东 (Shāndōng, “Shandong”). • Used in 魯肉飯／鲁肉饭. • a surname ‖ Used in 阿沙不魯／阿沙不鲁. • Used in 米魯／米鲁.
|foolish; stupid; rash • vulgar ‖ (～國) (historical) Lu (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China in modern day Shandong) • Short for 山東／山东 (Shāndōng, “Shandong”). • Used in 魯肉飯／鲁肉饭. • a surname ‖ Used in 阿沙不魯／阿沙不鲁. • Used in 米魯／米鲁.
|
|
|foolish; stupid • (historical) Lu (state) (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China) • (dated) short form for Russia (魯西亜) • a surname
|foolish; stupid • (historical) Lu (state) (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China) • (dated) short form for Russia (魯西亜) • a surname
|魯 (eum 로 (ro), South Korea 노 (no))
|魯 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lỗ • Hán-Nôm : lõ • Hán-Nôm : nhỗ • Hán-Nôm : sỗ
|
|
|魯
|魯
|-
|-
|魷
|魷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 尤 (OC *ɢʷɯ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû
|Only used in 魷魚／鱿鱼 (yóuyú, “squid”); also used as its short form.
|Only used in 魷魚／鱿鱼 (yóuyú, “squid”); also used as its short form.
|
|
Line 17,230: Line 20,843:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : vưu • Hán-Nôm : vâu
|
|
|魷
|魷
|-
|-
|鮑
|鮑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pǎu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ
|Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) ‖  ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau¹ • Middle-Chinese : baewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pǎu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pau • Middle-Chinese : baewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ
|(literary) salted fish ‖ abalone ‖ a surname ‖ (obsolete) Synonym of 鞄 (páo, “leather craftsman”)
|(literary) salted fish ‖ abalone ‖ a surname ‖ (obsolete) Synonym of 鞄 (páo, “leather craftsman”)
| ‖ 鮑(あわび) • (awabi) ^(←あはび (afabi)?)
| ‖ 鮑(あわび) • (awabi) ^(←あはび (afabi)?)
Line 17,240: Line 20,855:
|鮑 • (po) · 鮑 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|鮑 • (po) · 鮑 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bảo • Hán-Nôm : bào
|
|
|鮑
|鮑
|-
|-
|鮫
|鮫
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew
|(literary, or in compounds) porbeagle shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish)
|(literary, or in compounds) porbeagle shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish)
| ‖ 鮫(さめ) or 鮫(サメ) • (same)
| ‖ 鮫(さめ) or 鮫(サメ) • (same)
Line 17,250: Line 20,867:
|鮫 • (gyo) · 鮫 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|鮫 • (gyo) · 鮫 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
|
|
|canonical : 鮫: Hán Việt readings: giao
|
|
|鮫
|鮫
|-
|-
|鯉
|鯉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). \ Schuessler (2007) considers connection to Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”) to be unlikely. \ Norman (2014) compares it to Proto-Kam-Tai *mbləi (“carp”), suggesting that it may be an early loan from Chinese; compare Thai ปลาไน (nai, “common carp”), Lakkia [script needed] (-plai⁴, “carp”). \ See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎi • Middle-Chinese : liX
|carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) • (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence • (literary, figuratively) messenger
|carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) • (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence • (literary, figuratively) messenger
| ‖ 鯉(こい) or 鯉(コイ) • (koi) ^(←こひ (kofi) or コヒ (kofi)?) ‖ 鯉(こい) • (Koi) ^(←こひ (kofi)?)
| ‖ 鯉(こい) or 鯉(コイ) • (koi) ^(←こひ (kofi) or コヒ (kofi)?) ‖ 鯉(こい) • (Koi) ^(←こひ (kofi)?)
Line 17,260: Line 20,879:
|鯉 • (ri>i) · 鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|鯉 • (ri>i) · 鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lí
|
|
|鯉
|鯉
|-
|-
|鯊
|鯊
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːl) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 魚 (“fish”). \ ; “shark”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua • Middle-Chinese : srae
|^† a kind of small fish • shark
|^† a kind of small fish • shark
| ‖ 鯊(はぜ) or 鯊(ハゼ) • (haze)
| ‖ 鯊(はぜ) or 鯊(ハゼ) • (haze)
Line 17,270: Line 20,891:
|鯊 • (sa) · 鯊 • (sa) (hangeul 사)
|鯊 • (sa) · 鯊 • (sa) (hangeul 사)
|(uncommon) shark
|(uncommon) shark
|
|
|
|鯊
|鯊
|-
|-
|鯽
|鯽
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Middle-Chinese : tsjek • Middle-Chinese : tsik
|Carassius auratus, crucian carp
|Carassius auratus, crucian carp
| ‖ 鯽(ふな) or 鯽(フナ) • (funa)
| ‖ 鯽(ふな) or 鯽(フナ) • (funa)
Line 17,280: Line 20,903:
|鯽 • (jeuk) · 鯽 • (jeuk) (hangeul 즉, revised jeuk, McCune–Reischauer chŭk, Yale cuk) ‖ 鯽 • (jeok) · 鯽 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)
|鯽 • (jeuk) · 鯽 • (jeuk) (hangeul 즉, revised jeuk, McCune–Reischauer chŭk, Yale cuk) ‖ 鯽 • (jeok) · 鯽 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)
|Carassius auratus, crucian carp ‖ certain kind of squid or cuttlefish
|Carassius auratus, crucian carp ‖ certain kind of squid or cuttlefish
|
|
|
|鯽
|鯽
|-
|-
|鰍
|鰍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰɯw) : semantic 魚 + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Middle-Chinese : tshjuw
|loach
|loach
|
|
|young Japanese amberjack; young yellowtail • bullhead
|young Japanese amberjack; young yellowtail • bullhead
|鰍 • (chu) · 鰍 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|鰍 • (chu) · 鰍 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,294: Line 20,920:
|-
|-
|鰓
|鰓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai²
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Middle-Chinese : soj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai²
|fish gill ‖ Only used in 鰓鰓／鳃鳃.
|fish gill ‖ Only used in 鰓鰓／鳃鳃.
|
|
Line 17,300: Line 20,927:
| ‖  
| ‖  
|gill ‖  
|gill ‖  
|Hán-Nôm : tai
|gill
|gill
|鰓
|鰓
|-
|-
|鰥
|鰥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan
|From 寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “single; alone”) + *-n (“nominalizing suffix”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwean • Middle-Chinese : kweanH
|widower • widowed • (obsolete) yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa)
|widower • widowed • (obsolete) yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa)
|
|
|widower
|widower
|鰥 • (hwan) · 鰥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|鰥 • (hwan) · 鰥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,314: Line 20,944:
|-
|-
|鰭
|鰭
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjij
|(anatomy, ichthyology) fish fin
|(anatomy, ichthyology) fish fin
| ‖ 鰭(ひれ) • (hire)
| ‖ 鰭(ひれ) • (hire)
Line 17,320: Line 20,951:
|鰭 (eum 기 (gi))
|鰭 (eum 기 (gi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kì
|
|
|鰭
|鰭
|-
|-
|鰱
|鰱
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân • Middle-Chinese : ljen
|(～魚) any fish of the genus Hypophthalmichthys, especially the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)
|(～魚) any fish of the genus Hypophthalmichthys, especially the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)
| ‖ 鰱(たなご) or 鰱(タナゴ) • (tanago)
| ‖ 鰱(たなご) or 鰱(タナゴ) • (tanago)
|silver carp • fish of genus Hypophthalmichthys ‖ a bitterling (a small fish of the carp family)
|silver carp • fish of genus Hypophthalmichthys ‖ a bitterling (a small fish of the carp family)
|鰱 (eum 련 (ryeon), South Korea 연 (yeon))
|鰱 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon))
|salmon
|salmon
|Hán-Nôm : liên
|
|
|鰱
|鰱
|-
|-
|鰻
|鰻
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn, *mons) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons) – a kind of fish.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ • Middle-Chinese : man • Middle-Chinese : mjonH
|eel
|eel
| ‖ 鰻(むなぎ) • (munagi) ‖ 鰻(うなぎ) or 鰻(ウナギ) • (unagi) ‖ 鰻(うな) • (una) ‖ 鰻(う) • (u)
| ‖ 鰻(むなぎ) • (munagi) ‖ 鰻(うなぎ) or 鰻(ウナギ) • (unagi) ‖ 鰻(うな) • (una) ‖ 鰻(う) • (u)
Line 17,340: Line 20,975:
|鰻 (eumhun 뱀장어 만 (baemjang'eo man))
|鰻 (eumhun 뱀장어 만 (baemjang'eo man))
|
|
|canonical : 鰻: Hán Việt readings: man 鰻: Nôm readings: man
|
|
|鰻
|鰻
|-
|-
|鰾
|鰾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bewʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew). \ Jacques (2020) reconstructs the Old Chinese as *N-pewʔ in the system of Baxter and Sagart (2014) based on Iu Mien mbiauhmbau (“swim bladder”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎu • Middle-Chinese : bjiewX
|swim bladder; air bladder (of fish) • fish glue; isinglass • (dialectal) to glue with fish glue; (by extension) to gather; to bring together • (dialectal) to bet; to contend
|swim bladder; air bladder (of fish) • fish glue; isinglass • (dialectal) to glue with fish glue; (by extension) to gather; to bring together • (dialectal) to bet; to contend
|
|
|
|
|鰾 • (pyo) · 鰾 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|鰾 • (pyo) · 鰾 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,354: Line 20,992:
|-
|-
|鱔
|鱔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siān
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siān
|eel; swamp eel • (Hong Kong Cantonese) resembling advertorial • (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) four
|eel; swamp eel • (Hong Kong Cantonese) resembling advertorial • (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) four
|
|
Line 17,360: Line 20,999:
|鱔 (eum 선 (seon))
|鱔 (eum 선 (seon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thiện • Hán-Nôm : lươn
|
|
|鱔
|鱔
|-
|-
|鱖
|鱖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krods, *kod) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 厥 (OC *kod, *kud). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Middle-Chinese : kjwejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot
|mandarin fish; Chinese perch ‖ Only used in 鱖鯞／鳜𫚡 (juézhǒu).
|mandarin fish; Chinese perch ‖ Only used in 鱖鯞／鳜𫚡 (juézhǒu).
|
|
Line 17,370: Line 21,011:
|鱖 • (gwol, gwe) · 鱖 • (gwol, gwe) (hangeul 궐, 궤, revised gwol, gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, kwe, Yale kwel, kwey)
|鱖 • (gwol, gwe) · 鱖 • (gwol, gwe) (hangeul 궐, 궤, revised gwol, gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, kwe, Yale kwel, kwey)
|(쏘가리 궐) mandarin fish
|(쏘가리 궐) mandarin fish
|
|
|
|鱖
|鱖
|-
|-
|鱗
|鱗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Middle-Chinese : lin
|scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • scaly • fish (and other scaly animals) • a surname
|scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • scaly • fish (and other scaly animals) • a surname
| ‖ 鱗(うろこ) • (uroko) ‖ 鱗(いろこ) • (iroko) ‖ 鱗(うろくず) • (urokuzu) ^(←うろくづ (urokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(いろくず) • (irokuzu) ^(←いろくづ (irokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(こけ) • (koke) ‖ 鱗(こけら) • (kokera) ‖ 鱗(りん) • (-rin)
| ‖ 鱗(うろこ) • (uroko) ‖ 鱗(いろこ) • (iroko) ‖ 鱗(うろくず) • (urokuzu) ^(←うろくづ (urokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(いろくず) • (irokuzu) ^(←いろくづ (irokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(こけ) • (koke) ‖ 鱗(こけら) • (kokera) ‖ 鱗(りん) • (-rin)
Line 17,380: Line 21,023:
|
|
|scale (of fish or reptiles)
|scale (of fish or reptiles)
|Hán-Nôm : lân
|
|
|鱗
|鱗
|-
|-
|鱷
|鱷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngo̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːɡ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ). \ Within Chinese, Carr (1990) relates it to: \ * 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “to beat the drum”), either because drumming was associated with dragons or because some drums were made of crocodilian skins (Schuessler, 2007). \ * Words for “fear”, e.g. 愕 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “startled; terrified”), 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “frightening; startling”). \ Outside of Chinese, Carr (1990) also relates it to: \ * Proto-Tai *ŋwak (“mythical water creature”) (reconstruction from Chamberlain, 1977), which Pittayaporn (2009-2010), reconstructing the root as *ŋɯəkᴰ (“crocodile”), holds to be a loan from Chinese. \ * Proto-Austro-Tai *(m)baŋiwak (“shark; crocodile”), posited by Paul K. Benedict and proposed by him to give rise to the Tai word, as well as Japanese 鰐(わに) (wani, “crocodilian; shark”), 魚(うお) (uo, “fish”). \ Vovin (2021) notes that 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) "aquatic reptile, saltwater crocodile" was attested late, for the first time in Shuowen as 𧊜 (è); and that "it would be very weird if the word for a ‘saltwater crocodile’ from the middle of Huang-he (黃河) river basin that lies quite far away from both tropics and the sea would be borrowed by Tai languages in Southern China". Therefore, Vovin contends that, instead, 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) had been borrowed into Later Han Chinese from Tai.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngo̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngak
|crocodilian; crocodile; alligator
|crocodilian; crocodile; alligator
|
|
Line 17,390: Line 21,035:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngạc
|
|
|鱷
|鱷
|-
|-
|鱸
|鱸
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lu
|bass; perch (fish)
|bass; perch (fish)
| ‖ 鱸(すずき) or 鱸(スズキ) • (suzuki) ‖ 鱸(すずき) • (Suzuki)
| ‖ 鱸(すずき) or 鱸(スズキ) • (suzuki) ‖ 鱸(すずき) • (Suzuki)
|sea bass ‖ Japanese sea bass ‖ Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Akita, Akita. • Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Niigata, Niigata. • a surname
|sea bass ‖ Japanese sea bass ‖ Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Akita, Akita. • Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Niigata, Niigata. • a surname
|鱸 (eum 로 (ro), South Korea 노 (no))
|鱸 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no))
|(농어 (nong'eo)) sea bass, sea perch
|(농어 (nong'eo)) sea bass, sea perch
|Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : rô
|
|
|鱸
|鱸
|-
|-
|鳩
|鳩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ku) : phonetic 九 (OC *kuʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-k(r)əw (“dove, pigeon”) (Benedict, 1974; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Compare Tibetan འང་གུ ('ang gu, “pigeon”), Proto-Loloish *m-krəw², Burmese ချိုး (hkyui:), Proto-Kuki-Chin *khruu. \ In some southern Chinese dialects, 鳩／鸠 is pronounced with aspirated initial /kʰ/ due to taboo considerations.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiu • Middle-Chinese : kjuw
|pigeon; dove (family Columbidae) • (literary) to gather; to assemble • (Cantonese, Pingnan Min, vulgar) penis (sometimes especially erect) (Classifier: 轆／辘 c; 條／条 c) • (Cantonese, vulgar) fucking (intensifier) • (Cantonese, vulgar) Negates the meaning of the sentence. • (Cantonese, vulgar) stupid; dumb • (Cantonese, vulgar) recklessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unseriously • (Cantonese, vulgar) without aim or plan • (Cantonese, vulgar) thoughtlessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unreasonably; lacking in reason
|pigeon; dove (family Columbidae) • (literary) to gather; to assemble • (Cantonese, Pingnan Min, vulgar) penis (sometimes especially erect) (Classifier: 轆／辘 c; 條／条 c) • (Cantonese, vulgar) fucking (intensifier) • (Cantonese, vulgar) Negates the meaning of the sentence. • (Cantonese, vulgar) stupid; dumb • (Cantonese, vulgar) recklessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unseriously • (Cantonese, vulgar) without aim or plan • (Cantonese, vulgar) thoughtlessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unreasonably; lacking in reason
| ‖ 鳩(はと) or 鳩(ハト) • (hato) ‖ 鳩(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?)
| ‖ 鳩(はと) or 鳩(ハト) • (hato) ‖ 鳩(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?)
Line 17,410: Line 21,059:
|鳩 • (gu) · 鳩 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|鳩 • (gu) · 鳩 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
|pigeon, dove • collect, assemble
|pigeon, dove • collect, assemble
|Hán-Nôm : cưu
|
|
|鳩
|鳩
|-
|-
|鳶
|鳶
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân
|Possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷen) : semantic 鳥 (“bird”) + phonetic 戈 (OC *koːl). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzwan (“hawk; kite”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : ywen
|hawk; kite, especially the black kite (Milvus migrans) • kite (aircraft)
|hawk; kite, especially the black kite (Milvus migrans) • kite (aircraft)
|
|
Line 17,420: Line 21,071:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : diên • Hán-Nôm : diều
|
|
|鳶
|鳶
|-
|-
|鴆
|鴆
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thim
|Same word as 酖 (OC *l'ums, “to poison (v.); poison (n.)”) (e.g. in Zuozhuan, "Xi 30"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3/%E5%83%96%E5%85%AC#%E5%82%B3_30), exopassive of 沈 (OC *l'um, “to put poison in liquid”) (e.g. in Rites of Zhou https://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&id=37265) (Schuessler, 2007). See 沈 & 沉 (chén) for further etymology.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thim • Middle-Chinese : drimH
|(Chinese mythology) the zhenniao (a hawk-like, snake-eating bird with poisonous feathers) • poisonous • to poison • poison
|(Chinese mythology) the zhenniao (a hawk-like, snake-eating bird with poisonous feathers) • poisonous • to poison • poison
|
|
Line 17,430: Line 21,083:
|鴆 (eum 짐 (jim))
|鴆 (eum 짐 (jim))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : chũm • Hán-Nôm : trấm • Hán-Nôm : chậm
|
|
|鴆
|鴆
|-
|-
|鴉
|鴉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-n (“crow”). Doublet of 烏 (OC *qaː, “crow; raven”) . The Middle Chinese of 鴉 retains the earlier vowel. \ Schuessler (2007) disputes Old Chinese reconstructions with medial *-r-, reasoning that 鴉's place among Division II syllables (often from Old Chinese syllables containing *-r-) results rather from archaism which preserves the original vowel's quality.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a • Middle-Chinese : 'ae
|crow; raven
|crow; raven
|
|
|
|
|鴉 • (a) · 鴉 • (a) (hangeul 아)
|鴉 • (a) · 鴉 • (a) (hangeul 아) ‖  ‖ 鴉(からすぃ) (karasï)
|
| ‖ 鴉 \  • 鴉 \  ‖ Alternative form of 烏
|canonical : 鴉: Hán Việt readings: nha 鴉: Nôm readings: a • canonical : ác
|chữ Hán form of nha (“crow, raven”). • Nôm form of ác (“crow, raven”).
|chữ Hán form of nha (“crow, raven”). • Nôm form of ác (“crow, raven”).
|鴉
|鴉
|-
|-
|鴕
|鴕
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl) : semantic 鳥 (“bird”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo
|ostrich
|ostrich
|
|
Line 17,450: Line 21,107:
|鴕 • (ta) · 鴕 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|鴕 • (ta) · 鴕 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đà
|
|
|鴕
|鴕
|-
|-
|鴛
|鴛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːn, *qon) : phonetic 夗 (OC *qonʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Starostin reconstructs Old Chinese *ʔʷar, which he compares to Tibetan སྐྱར་པོ (skyar po, “snipe; woodcock”); both are from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɣʷăr.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Middle-Chinese : 'jwon • Middle-Chinese : 'won
|male mandarin duck (when used in 鴛鴦／鸳鸯 (yuānyāng)) • Alternative form of 鵷／鹓 (yuān)
|male mandarin duck (when used in 鴛鴦／鸳鸯 (yuānyāng)) • Alternative form of 鵷／鹓 (yuān)
|
|
Line 17,460: Line 21,119:
|鴛 • (won) · 鴛 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|鴛 • (won) · 鴛 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : uyên • Hán-Nôm : oan
|
|
|鴛
|鴛
|-
|-
|鴣
|鴣
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaː) : phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : ku
|Used in names of birds.
|Used in names of birds.
|
|
|
|
|鴣 • (go) · 鴣 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|鴣 • (go) · 鴣 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,474: Line 21,136:
|-
|-
|鴦
|鴦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːŋ, *qaŋ) : phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : 'jang • Middle-Chinese : 'ang
|female mandarin duck
|female mandarin duck
|
|
Line 17,480: Line 21,143:
|鴦 • (ang) · 鴦 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|鴦 • (ang) · 鴦 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ương
|
|
|鴦
|鴦
|-
|-
|鴨
|鴨
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aap³⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Shuowen commented that 鴨 is the colloquial name for 鶩 (OC *moɡs, *moːɡ, “duck”). Probably onomatopoeic in origin. Compare Proto-Tani *ǰap (“duck”). \ Another word meaning "duck" in Old Chinese is 鴄 (OC *pʰid), a substrate loanword, possibly from Tai-Kadai or Austroasiatic. \ ; “male prostitute”
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ap • Middle-Chinese : 'aep
|duck (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”).
|duck (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”).
| ‖ 鴨(かも) or 鴨(カモ) • (kamo) ‖ 鴨(かも) • (Kamo) ‖ 鴨(あひる) • (ahiru)
| ‖ 鴨(かも) or 鴨(カモ) • (kamo) ‖ 鴨(かも) • (Kamo) ‖ 鴨(あひる) • (ahiru)
Line 17,490: Line 21,155:
|鴨 (eumhun 오리 압 (ori ap))
|鴨 (eumhun 오리 압 (ori ap))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : áp • Hán-Nôm : vịt
|
|
|鴨
|鴨
|-
|-
|鴿
|鴿
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Middle-Chinese : kop
|pigeon; dove • (neologism, Internet slang, humorous) Short for 放鴿子／放鸽子 (fàng gēzi).
|pigeon; dove • (neologism, Internet slang, humorous) Short for 放鴿子／放鸽子 (fàng gēzi).
|
|
Line 17,500: Line 21,167:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : cáp
|
|
|鴿
|鴿
|-
|-
|鵑
|鵑
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwen
|Only used in 杜鵑／杜鹃 (dùjuān, “cuckoo”); also used as its short form.
|Only used in 杜鵑／杜鹃 (dùjuān, “cuckoo”); also used as its short form.
|
|
Line 17,510: Line 21,179:
|鵑 (eum 견 (gyeon))
|鵑 (eum 견 (gyeon))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : quyên
|
|
|鵑
|鵑
|-
|-
|鵝
|鵝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːl) : phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ) + semantic 鳥. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:). However, the final consonants of the proposed cognates are possibly irreconcilable; they could instead be independently coined through onomatopoeia (Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019). \ Related to 雁 (OC *ŋraːns, “wild goose”); see there for more.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : nga
|domestic goose (as opposed to a wild goose – 雁 (yàn)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn)
|domestic goose (as opposed to a wild goose – 雁 (yàn)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn)
|
|
Line 17,520: Line 21,191:
|鵝 • (a) · 鵝 • (a) (hangeul 아)
|鵝 • (a) · 鵝 • (a) (hangeul 아)
|(거위 아, geowi-): domesticated goose that would not fly at all, in contrast with the wild goose (雁 (기러기 안, gireogi-an)) whose skein flies in wedge or cuneiform. • (기러기 아, gireogi-): wild goose
|(거위 아, geowi-): domesticated goose that would not fly at all, in contrast with the wild goose (雁 (기러기 안, gireogi-an)) whose skein flies in wedge or cuneiform. • (기러기 아, gireogi-): wild goose
|Hán-Nôm : nga • Hán-Nôm : ngỗng • Hán-Nôm : ngổng
|
|
|鵝
|鵝
|-
|-
|鵠
|鵠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : huk⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : huk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : howk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹
|(literary) swan • (literary) white • a surname ‖ bullseye (centre of a target)
|(literary) swan • (literary) white • a surname ‖ bullseye (centre of a target)
|
|
Line 17,530: Line 21,203:
|鵠 • (gok, hok) · 鵠 • (gok, hok) (hangeul 곡, 혹, revised gok, hok, McCune–Reischauer kok, hok, Yale kok, hok)
|鵠 • (gok, hok) · 鵠 • (gok, hok) (hangeul 곡, 혹, revised gok, hok, McCune–Reischauer kok, hok, Yale kok, hok)
|(고니 곡, goni-): swan, genus Cygnus. • (과녁 곡, gwanyeok-): target.
|(고니 곡, goni-): swan, genus Cygnus. • (과녁 곡, gwanyeok-): target.
|Hán-Nôm : hộc
|
|
|鵠
|鵠
|-
|-
|鵡
|鵡
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maʔ) : phonetic 武 (OC *maʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *măH (“a kind of bird (peacock, parrot)”); cognate with Tibetan རྨ་བྱ (rma bya, “peacock”); compare also Bodo (India) [script needed] (məyra, “peacock”) (Peiros & Starostin, 1996).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : mjuX
|Only used in 鸚鵡／鹦鹉 (yīngwǔ).
|Only used in 鸚鵡／鹦鹉 (yīngwǔ).
|
|
|cockatoo
|cockatoo
|鵡 (eumhun 앵무새 무 (aengmusae mu))
|鵡 (eumhun 앵무새 무 (aengmusae mu))
|Hanja form of 무 (“parrot”).
|hanja form of 무 (“parrot”)
|Hán-Nôm : vũ • Hán-Nôm : thịnh
|
|
|鵡
|鵡
|-
|-
|鵪
|鵪
|Cantonese · Jyutping : am¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːm) : phonetic 奄 (OC *qromʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : am¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'om
|quail (originally refers to those without spots on feathers)
|quail (originally refers to those without spots on feathers)
|
|
Line 17,550: Line 21,227:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : am
|
|
|鵪
|鵪
|-
|-
|鵬
|鵬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 朋 (OC *bɯːŋ, “phoenix”) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”) \ This has been related to 風 (OC *plum, “wind”) (Schuessler, 2007) and also by Wang (1982) to 鳳 (OC *bums, “male fenghuang”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g • Middle-Chinese : bong
|(Chinese mythology) peng (enormous bird)
|(Chinese mythology) peng (enormous bird)
| ‖ 鵬(ほう) or 鵬(ぼう) • (hō or bō) ‖ 鵬(ほう) • (Hō)
| ‖ 鵬(ほう) or 鵬(ぼう) • (hō or bō) ‖ 鵬(ほう) • (Hō)
Line 17,560: Line 21,239:
|鵬 (eumhun 대붕 붕 (daebung bung))
|鵬 (eumhun 대붕 붕 (daebung bung))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : bằng • Hán-Nôm : bành
|
|
|鵬
|鵬
|-
|-
|鵲
|鵲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tshjak
|magpie
|magpie
| ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) or 鵲(カササギ) • (kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) • (Kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(じゃく) • (jaku)
| ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) or 鵲(カササギ) • (kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) • (Kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(じゃく) • (jaku)
Line 17,570: Line 21,251:
|鵲 • (jak) · 鵲 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)
|鵲 • (jak) · 鵲 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thước
|
|
|鵲
|鵲
|-
|-
|鶉
|鶉
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thun
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thun • Middle-Chinese : dzywin
|quail (originally refers to those with spots on feathers)
|quail (originally refers to those with spots on feathers)
| ‖ 鶉(うずら) or 鶉(ウズラ) • (uzura) ^(←うづら (udura) or ウヅラ (udura)?)
| ‖ 鶉(うずら) or 鶉(ウズラ) • (uzura) ^(←うづら (udura) or ウヅラ (udura)?)
| ‖ a Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
| ‖ a Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
|鶉 • (sun, dan) · 鶉 • (sun, dan) (hangeul 순, 단, revised sun, dan, McCune–Reischauer sun, tan, Yale swun, tan)
|鶉 • (sun, dan) · 鶉 • (sun, dan) (hangeul 순, 단, revised sun, dan, McCune–Reischauer sun, tan, Yale swun, tan)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,584: Line 21,268:
|-
|-
|鶯
|鶯
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang
|oriole
|oriole
| ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) or 鶯(ウグイス) • (uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu) or ウグヒス (ugufisu)?) ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) • (Uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu)?)
| ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) or 鶯(ウグイス) • (uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu) or ウグヒス (ugufisu)?) ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) • (Uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu)?)
Line 17,590: Line 21,275:
|
|
|Chinese oriole • bush warbler
|Chinese oriole • bush warbler
|canonical : 鶯: Hán Việt readings: oanh 鶯: Nôm readings: oanh • canonical : anh
|chữ Hán form of oanh (“oriole”).
|chữ Hán form of oanh (“oriole”).
|鶯
|鶯
|-
|-
|鷂
|鷂
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lew, *lews) : phonetic 䍃 () + semantic 鳥. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lew, *lews) : phonetic 䍃 () + semantic 鳥.
|Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāu • Middle-Chinese : yewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu • Middle-Chinese : yew
|sparrow hawk • harrier • kite ‖ (obsolete) pheasant
|sparrow hawk • harrier • kite ‖ (obsolete) pheasant
| ‖ 鷂(はいたか) or 鷂(ハイタカ) • (haitaka)
| ‖ 鷂(はいたか) or 鷂(ハイタカ) • (haitaka)
| ‖ Eurasian sparrowhawk
| ‖ Eurasian sparrowhawk
|鷂 • (yo) · 鷂 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|鷂 • (yo) · 鷂 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
|
|
|
|
|
|鷂
|鷂
|-
|-
|鷄
|鷓
|
|
|
|
|Kyūjitai form of 鶏: chicken, bird
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsèe • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeH
|鷄 (eumhun 닭 계 (dak gye))
|Hanja form of 계 (“chicken”).
|chicken
|鷄
|-
|鷓
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsèe
|Only used in 鷓鴣／鹧鸪 (zhègū).
|Only used in 鷓鴣／鹧鸪 (zhègū).
|
|
|
|
|鷓 • (ja) · 鷓 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|鷓 • (ja) · 鷓 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,624: Line 21,304:
|-
|-
|鷗
|鷗
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw
|seagull
|seagull
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 17,630: Line 21,311:
|鷗 (eum 구 (gu))
|鷗 (eum 구 (gu))
|seagull
|seagull
|Hán-Nôm : âu
|seagull
|seagull
|鷗
|鷗
|-
|-
|鷥
|鷥
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯ) : phonetic 絲 (OC *slɯ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si
|Only used in 鷺鷥／鹭鸶 (lùsī).
|Only used in 鷺鷥／鹭鸶 (lùsī).
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,644: Line 21,328:
|-
|-
|鷹
|鷹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯŋ) : phonetic 䧹 (OC *qɯŋ, “eagle; hawk”) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ This word is possibly related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la(ŋ/k) (“bird of prey”), which is likely a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *laŋ ~ *laaŋ ~ *laiŋ (“large raptor”) > Proto-Bahnaric *klaːŋ (“hawk”), Proto-Palaungic *klaːŋ (“kite”), Mon လနေၚ် (“kite”), Khmer ខ្លែង (khlaeng, “kite”); within Tibeto-Burman, compare Tibetan གླག (glag, “eagle; vulture”), Burmese လင်းတ (lang:ta., “vulture”), Jingpho lang (“bird of the falcon family”) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT). \ This word agrees better with Tibetan སྐྱིང་སེར (skying ser, “eagle; vulture”) if the Old Chinese is reconstructed as *s-ki̯əŋ (Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007); Benedict (1976) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kiŋ for this, which Benedict (1990) suggests is the native Sino-Tibetan root.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'ing
|a bird of prey of Accipitriformes (eagles, hawks, kites, vultures), Falconiformes (falcons) or Strigiformes (owls)
|a bird of prey of Accipitriformes (eagles, hawks, kites, vultures), Falconiformes (falcons) or Strigiformes (owls)
| ‖ 鷹(たか) or 鷹(タカ) • (taka)
| ‖ 鷹(たか) or 鷹(タカ) • (taka)
Line 17,650: Line 21,335:
|
|
|hawk; falcon (esp. the peregrine or gyrfalcon)
|hawk; falcon (esp. the peregrine or gyrfalcon)
|
|
|
|鷹
|鷹
|-
|-
|鷺
|鷺
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːɡs) : phonetic 路 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Compare Khmer ក្រក (krɑɑk, “species of heron”), Thai ร้า (ráa, “species of heron”) (Schuessler, 2007).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo • Middle-Chinese : luH
|heron; egret
|heron; egret
| ‖ 鷺(さぎ) or 鷺(サギ) • (sagi)
| ‖ 鷺(さぎ) or 鷺(サギ) • (sagi)
| ‖ heron, egret
| ‖ heron, egret
|鷺 (eum 로 (ro), South Korea 노 (no))
|鷺 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : lộ
|
|
|鷺
|鷺
|-
|-
|鸚
|鸚
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɣrēŋ (“a kind of parrot”); cognate with Jingpho [script needed] (ukhriŋ¹, “small parrot”) (Peiros & Starostin, 1996).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang
|parrot; parakeet
|parrot; parakeet
|
|
|parrot; parakeet
|parrot; parakeet
|鸚 (eumhun 앵무새 앵 (aengmusae aeng))
|鸚 (eumhun 앵무새 앵 (aengmusae aeng))
|Hanja form of 앵 (“parrot”).
|hanja form of 앵 (“parrot”)
|Hán-Nôm : anh
|
|
|鸚
|鸚
|-
|-
|鸞
|鸞
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan
|luan (mythical bird related to the fenghuang; sometimes translated as simurgh) • (alt. form 鑾／銮) the bells at horses' bits • imperial • a surname
|luan (mythical bird related to the fenghuang; sometimes translated as simurgh) • (alt. form 鑾／銮) the bells at horses' bits • imperial • a surname
|
|
Line 17,680: Line 21,371:
|鸞 • (ran>nan) · 鸞 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|鸞 • (ran>nan) · 鸞 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : loan
|
|
|鸞
|鸞
|-
|-
|鹹
|鹹
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯːm) : semantic 鹵 (“salt”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hjam (“salty”) or *g-rjum (“salt”); compare Chepang ल्हाम्सा (hlam‑, “salty (not excessively)”), Jingpho jum (“salt”) (STEDT).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm • Middle-Chinese : heam
|salty; briny • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly • (Southern Min) rice topping; viand • (Cantonese, Teochew, attributive) Short for 鹹濕／咸湿 (haam4 sap1, “erotic; pornographic”). • (Yangjiang Yue) salt
|salty; briny • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly • (Southern Min) rice topping; viand • (Cantonese, Teochew, attributive) Short for 鹹濕／咸湿 (haam4 sap1, “erotic; pornographic”). • (Yangjiang Yue) salt
|
|
|salty
|salty
|鹹 (eumhun 짤 함 (jjal ham)) · 鹹 (eumhun 다 함 (da ham))
|鹹 (eumhun 짤 함 (jjal ham)) · 鹹 (eumhun 다 함 (da ham))
|Hanja form of 함 (“salty”).
|hanja form of 함 (“salty”)
|Hán-Nôm : hàm
|
|
|鹹
|鹹
|-
|-
|鹼
|鹼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kinn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːmʔ, *skʰlam) : semantic 鹵 + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kinn • Middle-Chinese : tshjem • Middle-Chinese : keamX
|sodium carbonate • (chemistry) (soluble) alkali • (chemistry, chiefly Mainland China) base (soluble or not) • (dialectal) soap
|sodium carbonate • (chemistry) (soluble) alkali • (chemistry, chiefly Mainland China) base (soluble or not) • (dialectal) soap
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 17,700: Line 21,395:
|
|
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : kiềm
|
|
|鹼
|鹼
|-
|-
|麋
|麋
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî
|Perhaps Sino-Tibetan. Compare Chepang [script needed] (maiʔ, “meat”), Bodo (India) [script needed] (bʏiʔ, “deer”), Liangmai Naga [script needed] (ka-mî, “meat”), Northern Naga *me:y "meat, flesh"; a single etymon for "meat" and "deer" is also found in Tibetan ཤ (sha, “meat”) and ཤྭ (shwa, “deer”) (Schuessler, 2007). If so, another semantic parallel is Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/ɡ-la (“flesh, meat, deer”), whence Tibetan གླ (gla, “musk deer”) but Newar [script needed] (la, “meat, animal”) and [script needed] (lā, “flesh, meat”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mij
|moose, elk (Eurasia) • used as a surname
|moose, elk (Eurasia) • used as a surname
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 17,710: Line 21,407:
|麋 (eum 미 (mi))
|麋 (eum 미 (mi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mê • Hán-Nôm : mi
|
|
|麋
|麋
|-
|-
|麒
|麒
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gi
|Only used in 麒麟 (qílín).
|Only used in 麒麟 (qílín).
|
|
|
|
|麒 (eumhun 기린 기 (girin gi))
|麒 (eumhun 기린 기 (girin gi))
|Hanja form of 기 (“giraffe; qilin”).
|hanja form of 기 (“giraffe; qilin”)
|Hán-Nôm : kì • Hán-Nôm : kỳ
|
|
|麒
|麒
|-
|-
|麝
|麝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siā
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢljaːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ) : semantic 鹿 + phonetic 射 (OC *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/ɡ-la (“flesh; meat; deer”) (STEDT; Gong Hwang-cherng, 2002; Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, “musk deer”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siā • Middle-Chinese : zyaeH • Middle-Chinese : zyek
|musk deer • musk
|musk deer • musk
|
|
|musk deer
|musk deer
|麝 (eumhun 사향노루 사 (sahyangnoru sa))
|麝 (eumhun 사향노루 사 (sahyangnoru sa))
|Hanja form of 사 (“musk deer”).
|hanja form of 사 (“musk deer”)
|Hán-Nôm : xạ
|musk deer 貅麝 (Hươu xạ) • musk 麝香 (Xạ Hương)
|musk deer 貅麝 (Hươu xạ) • musk 麝香 (Xạ Hương)
|麝
|麝
|-
|-
|麟
|麟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin) : semantic 鹿 (“deer”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Middle-Chinese : lin
|Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. • Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. · ^‡ female of qilin • big deer • Alternative form of 鱗／鳞 (lín, “scale and shell”) • Used in 麟麟 (línlín, “bright”).
|Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. • Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. · ^‡ female of qilin • big deer • Alternative form of 鱗／鳞 (lín, “scale and shell”) • Used in 麟麟 (línlín, “bright”).
|
|
|
|
|麟 (eumhun 기린 린 (girin rin), South Korea 기린 인 (girin in))
|麟 (eumhun 기린 린 (girin rin), word-initial (South Korea) 기린 인 (girin in))
|Hanja form of 린/인 (“giraffe; qilin”).
|hanja form of 린/인 (“giraffe; qilin”)
|Hán-Nôm : lân
|
|
|麟
|麟
|-
|-
|麦
|麦
| ‖ Corruption of 八 into a horizontal stroke.
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖  
| ‖ 麦(むぎ) • (mugi)
| ‖ 麦(むぎ) • (mugi)
|wheat • barley ‖ (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · wheat • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · barley • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · rye • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · oats
|wheat • barley ‖ (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · wheat • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · barley • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · rye • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · oats
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,754: Line 21,460:
|-
|-
|麩
|麩
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu • Middle-Chinese : phju
|(of wheat) bran • panned gold; gold dust
|(of wheat) bran • panned gold; gold dust
| ‖ 麩(ふ) • (fu) ‖ 麩(ふすま) • (fusuma)
| ‖ 麩(ふ) • (fu) ‖ 麩(ふすま) • (fusuma)
Line 17,760: Line 21,467:
|麩 • (bu) · 麩 • (bu) (hangeul 부, revised bu, McCune–Reischauer pu, Yale pu)
|麩 • (bu) · 麩 • (bu) (hangeul 부, revised bu, McCune–Reischauer pu, Yale pu)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : phu
|
|
|麩
|麩
|-
|-
|麴
|麴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Khiok
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuɡ) : semantic 麥 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khak • Middle-Chinese : khjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Khiok • Middle-Chinese : khjuwk
|yeast; leaven (used to make wine) • (obsolete) wine; alcoholic beverage ‖ a surname
|yeast; leaven (used to make wine) • (obsolete) wine; alcoholic beverage ‖ a surname
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 17,770: Line 21,479:
|麴 • (guk) · 麴 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)
|麴 • (guk) · 麴 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)
|yeast • leaven
|yeast • leaven
|Hán-Nôm : khúc
|
|
|麴
|麴
|-
|麵
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biān
|flour • wheat noodles (Classifier: 碗 m c; 條／条 m c; 個／个 c) • (Mainland China) powder • (Mainland China, dialectal) soft and floury; mealy • (Mandarin, colloquial, of a person) weak; timid; indecisive; slow
|
|flour • dough • noodles
|麵 • (myeon) · 麵 • (myeon) (hangeul 면)
|wheat flour • noodles
|wheat • noodles
|麵
|-
|-
|麼
|麼
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo⁵ ‖  
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːlʔ) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 幺 (“small, tiny”). \ From 物 (MC mjut, “thing”), from 什物 (MC dzyip mjut, “miscellaneous items”) > 什麼／什么 (shénme) (Norman, 1988; Zhang, 1982). ‖ From 無 (MC mju). ‖  ‖  ‖ Probably from 物 (MC mjut, “what”) (Zhang, 2001; Jiang, 2018).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : móo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo⁵ • Middle-Chinese : maX ‖  
|A particle placed after the topic of a compound sentence, used to express tactfulness. • A suffix for forming pronouns or adverbs. ‖ Alternative form of 嗎／吗 (“final interrogative particle”) ‖ (dialectal Mandarin) what ‖ tiny; insignificant • a surname ‖ (Hakka) what
|A particle placed after the topic of a compound sentence, used to express tactfulness. • A suffix for forming pronouns or adverbs. ‖ Alternative form of 嗎／吗 (“final interrogative particle”) ‖ (dialectal Mandarin) what ‖ tiny; insignificant • a surname ‖ (Hakka) what
|
|
Line 17,790: Line 21,491:
|麼 • (ma) · 麼 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|麼 • (ma) · 麼 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma)
|small • thin
|small • thin
|Hán-Nôm : ma
|
|
|麼
|麼
|-
|-
|麾
|麾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui • Middle-Chinese : xjwe
|a pennant, flag, banner • to signal to
|a pennant, flag, banner • to signal to
|
|
Line 17,800: Line 21,503:
|麾 (eum 휘 (hwi))
|麾 (eum 휘 (hwi))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : huy
|
|
|麾
|麾
|-
|-
|黄
|黄
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,810: Line 21,515:
|黄 • (hwang) · 黄 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|黄 • (hwang) · 黄 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
|variant of 黃 • yellow
|variant of 黃 • yellow
|
|
|
|黄
|黄
|-
|-
|黍
|黍
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sué • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí
|Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *nhaʔ, comparing it to Tibetan ནས་ (nas, “barley”). STEDT provisionally reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nas (“highland barley”). \ However, Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct Old Chinese *s-tʰaʔ based on aspirated affricate reflexes in certain Mandarin dialects, e.g. Hefei tʂʰu³, Yangzhou tsʰu³, as well as sound gloss evidence from Shuowen. This would make the comparison to Tibetan less plausible.
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sué • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí • Middle-Chinese : syoX
|proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) (especially glutinous varieties, but also generic) • (dialectal Eastern Min, Putian Min) sorghum • (Leizhou Min) corn; maize
|proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) (especially glutinous varieties, but also generic) • (dialectal Eastern Min, Putian Min) sorghum • (Leizhou Min) corn; maize
| ‖ 黍(きび) or 黍(キビ) • (kibi) ‖ 黍(きみ) • (kimi)
| ‖ 黍(きび) or 黍(キビ) • (kibi) ‖ 黍(きみ) • (kimi)
Line 17,820: Line 21,527:
|黍 • (seo) · 黍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|黍 • (seo) · 黍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thử
|
|
|黍
|黍
|-
|-
|黏
|黏
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nem) : semantic 黍 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Middle-Chinese : nrjem
|sticky; glutinous • to adhere; to stick
|sticky; glutinous • to adhere; to stick
|
|
Line 17,830: Line 21,539:
|黏 • (jeom) · 黏 • (jeom) (hangeul 점)
|黏 • (jeom) · 黏 • (jeom) (hangeul 점)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : niêm
|
|
|黏
|黏
|-
|-
|黛
|黛
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs) + semantic 黑 (“black”)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Middle-Chinese : dojH
|(historical) a dark pigment used by women in ancient times to paint their eyebrows • black • women's eyebrows
|(historical) a dark pigment used by women in ancient times to paint their eyebrows • black • women's eyebrows
| ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (mayuzumi) ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (Mayuzumi)
| ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (mayuzumi) ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (Mayuzumi)
Line 17,840: Line 21,551:
|黛 • (dae) · 黛 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay)
|黛 • (dae) · 黛 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đại
|
|
|黛
|黛
|-
|-
|黜
|黜
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuh
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 黑 (“black”) + phonetic 出 (OC *kʰljuds, *kʰljud). \ From 出 (to come out) with a causative *-r- infix (Schuessler, 2007).
|(literary) to dismiss; to demote; to downgrade • (literary) to discard; to reject • (literary) to abolish • (literary) to belittle and denounce
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Middle-Chinese : trhwit
|(literary) to dismiss; to demote; to downgrade • (literary) to discard; to reject • (literary) to abolish • (literary) to belittle and denounce • (Hokkien) to come loose; to come off • (Hokkien) to rub back and forth (to make something fall off) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to trample with one's feet, or to rub one's feet against each other
|
|
|
|
|黜 • (chul) · 黜 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul)
|黜 • (chul) · 黜 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : truất • Hán-Nôm : trụt • Hán-Nôm : truột
|
|
|黜
|黜
|-
|-
|黝
|黝
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Middle-Chinese : 'jij • Middle-Chinese : 'jiwX
|bluish-black, greenish-black
|bluish-black, greenish-black
|
|
|bluish black, black • dimly lit, dark, black
|bluish black, black • dimly lit, dark, black
|黝 • (yu) · 黝 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|黝 • (yu) · 黝 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,864: Line 21,580:
|-
|-
|黠
|黠
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Middle-Chinese : heat
|
|
|
|
Line 17,870: Line 21,587:
|黠 • (hil) · 黠 • (hil) (hangeul 힐, revised hil, McCune–Reischauer hil, Yale hil)
|黠 • (hil) · 黠 • (hil) (hangeul 힐, revised hil, McCune–Reischauer hil, Yale hil)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : hiệt
|
|
|黠
|黠
|-
|-
|黴
|黴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯl, *mɯːls) : phonetic 微 (OC *mɯl) + semantic 黑 (“black”).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui • Middle-Chinese : mij • Middle-Chinese : mwojH
|mold; mildew; must • (alt. form 霉) to become moldy • (of one's face) dirty; dingy; dark
|mold; mildew; must • (alt. form 霉) to become moldy • (of one's face) dirty; dingy; dark
| ‖ 黴(かび) or 黴(カビ) • (kabi)
| ‖ 黴(かび) or 黴(カビ) • (kabi)
Line 17,880: Line 21,599:
|黴 • (mi) · 黴 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|黴 • (mi) · 黴 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : mai • Hán-Nôm : mị
|
|
|黴
|黴
|-
|-
|黷
|黷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 黑 (“black”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk
|to tarnish; to defile; to blacken • to be rash about; to use indiscriminately • to corrupt • to covet
|to tarnish; to defile; to blacken • to be rash about; to use indiscriminately • to corrupt • to covet
|
|
Line 17,890: Line 21,611:
|黷 • (dok) · 黷 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|黷 • (dok) · 黷 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : độc
|
|
|黷
|黷
|-
|-
|鼇
|鼇
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,900: Line 21,623:
|鼇 (eum 오 (o))
|鼇 (eum 오 (o))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : ngao
|
|
|鼇
|鼇
|-
|-
|鼕
|鼕
|
|
|
|
|
Line 17,910: Line 21,635:
|鼕 (eum 동 (dong))
|鼕 (eum 동 (dong))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : đông
|
|
|鼕
|鼕
|-
|-
|鼙
|鼙
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bej
|(literary) small military drum • (literary) small drum (in general)
|(literary) small military drum • (literary) small drum (in general)
|
|
Line 17,920: Line 21,647:
|鼙 • (bi) · 鼙 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|鼙 • (bi) · 鼙 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
|drum carried on horseback
|drum carried on horseback
|Hán-Nôm : bề • Hán-Nôm : tì
|
|
|鼙
|鼙
|-
|-
|鼬
|鼬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs) : semantic 鼠 (“rat”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw)
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : yuwH
|weasel • (by extension) mustelid
|weasel • (by extension) mustelid
|
|
Line 17,930: Line 21,659:
|鼬 • (yu) · 鼬 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|鼬 • (yu) · 鼬 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
|
|
|canonical : 鼬: Hán Việt readings: dứu
|
|
|鼬
|鼬
|-
|-
|鼴
|鼴
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin²
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² • Middle-Chinese : 'jonX
|animal from the family Talpidae
|animal from the family Talpidae
| ‖  
| ‖  
Line 17,940: Line 21,671:
|鼴 • (eon) · 鼴 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en)
|鼴 • (eon) · 鼴 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en)
|mole (burrowing insectivore)
|mole (burrowing insectivore)
|Hán-Nôm : yển
|
|
|鼴
|鼴
|-
|-
|鼾
|鼾
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : han ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns) : semantic 鼻 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hal (“to snore”). Compare Tibetan ཧལ (hal, “to pant; to wheeze; to snort; to snore”). ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : han • Middle-Chinese : xan • Middle-Chinese : hanH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn
|(literary or Southern Min) to snore • snore; snoring ‖ (Hokkien) the sound of snoring; to snore
|(literary or Southern Min) to snore • snore; snoring ‖ (Hokkien) the sound of snoring; to snore
| ‖ 鼾(かん) • (kan) ‖ 鼾(いびき) • (ibiki) ‖  ‖ 鼾(くつち) • (kutsuchi)
| ‖ 鼾(かん) • (kan) ‖ 鼾(いびき) • (ibiki) ‖  ‖ 鼾(くつち) • (kutsuchi)
Line 17,950: Line 21,683:
|鼾 • (han) · 鼾 • (han) (hangeul 한, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|鼾 • (han) · 鼾 • (han) (hangeul 한, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : han
|
|
|鼾
|鼾
|-
|齋
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːl) : phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls) + semantic 示 (“god; deity”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : zaai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄞ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsai • Middle-Chinese : tsreaj
|(historical) to show one's piety before offering sacrifices and other ceremonies in ancient times, by abstaining from meat and alcohol, bathing oneself and clearing one's mind of distracting thoughts • solemn; earnest • vegetarian diet (often adopted for religious reasons) • fasting • (Buddhism, Taoism) religious ceremony (Classifier: 堂 c) • (Cantonese) plain; dull; boring; dry • (Cantonese) purely; only; just • to give alms to monks • study (room); studio • house; shop; building • a surname
|
|
|齋 (eumhun 엄숙할 재 (eomsukhal jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 집 재 (jip jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 상복 재 (sangbok jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 재계할 재 (jaegyehal jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 공부방 재 (gongbubang jae))
|
|canonical : 齋: Hán Việt readings: trai • canonical : chay 齋: Nôm readings: chay • canonical : trai • canonical : chai • canonical : rai • canonical : chây • canonical : trơi
|chữ Hán form of trai (“to abstain; to fast”). • Nôm form of chay (“to abstain; to fast”).
|齋
|-
|-
|齟
|齟
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : dzrjoX
|irregular teeth • discord
|irregular teeth • discord
|
|
Line 17,960: Line 21,707:
|齟 (eum 저 (jeo))
|齟 (eum 저 (jeo))
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : thư • Hán-Nôm : trở
|
|
|齟
|齟
|-
|齡
|Characters in the same phonetic series (令) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : semantic 齒 (“tooth”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) – tooth being associated with age. Compare English long in the tooth (“old”) and don't look a gift horse in the mouth (“(to check teeth for age)”).
|Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng
|age • length of time; duration • (biology) instar
|
|age
|齡 • (ryeong>yeong) · 齡 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng)
|
|
|齡 (linh, lênh)
|齡
|-
|-
|齣
|齣
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 齒 (“tooth”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshut
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshut
|Classifier for plays and operas: act; stanza; time, occasion ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • (regional, by extension) Classifier for films or episodes of TV shows. • (Southern Min) drama; play; show (theatrical performance) • (Southern Min) trouble; hassle
|Classifier for plays and operas: act; stanza; time, occasion ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • (regional, by extension) Classifier for films or episodes of TV shows. • (Southern Min) drama; play; show (theatrical performance) • (Southern Min) trouble; hassle
Line 17,970: Line 21,731:
|齣 • (cheok) · 齣 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|齣 • (cheok) · 齣 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
|
|
|Hán-Nôm : xuất
|
|
|齣
|齣
|-
|-
|齦
|齦
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : han² • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ
| ‖  ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngj+n ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : han² • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang² • Middle-Chinese : khonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : kheanX
|gum (flesh around teeth) ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 啃 (“to gnaw; to nibble”) ‖ ^‡ sound of teeth
|gum (flesh around teeth) ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 啃 (“to gnaw; to nibble”) ‖ ^‡ sound of teeth
| ‖  
| ‖  
|gum (flesh around teeth) ‖  
|gum (flesh around teeth) ‖  
|齦 (eumhun 잇몸 은 (inmom eun)) ‖ 齦 (eumhun 물 간 (mul gan))
|齦 (eumhun 잇몸 은 (inmom eun)) ‖ 齦 (eumhun 물 간 (mul gan))
|Hanja form of 은 (“gum”). ‖ Hanja form of 간 (“to bite”).
|hanja form of 은 (“gum”) ‖ hanja form of 간 (“to bite”)
|
|
|
|齦
|齦
|-
|-
|齪
|齪
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsak
| ‖
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaewk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsak
|(obsolete) cautious; careful; meticulous • Used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò). ‖ (Hokkien) feeling stuffy and difficult to bear (due to being crowded, muggy, lacking in air circulation, etc.) • (Hokkien) vexed; annoyed; agitated (of one's mind) • (Hokkien) to disturb; to bother; to nag; to annoy (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) annoying; vexing (due to being complex) • (Teochew) to distract or disturb someone by being noisy
|(obsolete) cautious; careful; meticulous • Used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò). ‖ (Hokkien) feeling stuffy and difficult to bear (due to being crowded, muggy, lacking in air circulation, etc.) • (Hokkien) vexed; annoyed; agitated (of one's mind) • (Hokkien) to disturb; to bother; to nag; to annoy (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) annoying; vexing (due to being complex) • (Teochew) to distract or disturb someone by being noisy
|
|
Line 17,990: Line 21,755:
|齪 • (chak) · 齪 • (chak) (hangeul 착, revised chak, McCune–Reischauer ch'ak, Yale chak)
|齪 • (chak) · 齪 • (chak) (hangeul 착, revised chak, McCune–Reischauer ch'ak, Yale chak)
|narrow, small • dirty
|narrow, small • dirty
|
|
|
|齪
|齪
|-
|-
|齬
|齬
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ngjo • Middle-Chinese : ngu • Middle-Chinese : ngjoX
|irregular teeth • discord
|irregular teeth • discord
|
|
Line 18,000: Line 21,767:
|齬 • (eo) · 齬 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e)
|齬 • (eo) · 齬 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e)
|
|
|canonical : 齬: Hán Việt readings: ngữ
|chữ Hán form of ngữ (“referring to misaligned teeth or disagreements, mostly used in the compound trở ngữ (齟齬)”).
|chữ Hán form of ngữ (“referring to misaligned teeth or disagreements, mostly used in the compound trở ngữ (齟齬)”).
|齬
|齬
|-
|-
|齲
|齲
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khú
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaʔ) : semantic 齒 (“teeth”) + phonetic 禹 (OC *ɢʷaʔ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khú • Middle-Chinese : khjuX
|(dentistry) decay; cavity
|(dentistry) decay; cavity
|
|
Line 18,010: Line 21,779:
|齲 • (u) · 齲 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|齲 • (u) · 齲 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
|decayed tooth
|decayed tooth
|
|
|
|齲
|齲
|-
|-
|齷
|齷
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 齒 (“teeth”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ)
|Only used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ok • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk
|Only used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò). • (Hokkien) dirty
|
|
|grating the teeth • fretful
|grating the teeth • fretful
|齷 • (ak) · 齷 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)
|齷 • (ak) · 齷 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)
|narrow, small • dirty
|narrow, small • dirty
|
|
|
|齷
|齷
|-
|-
|龐
|龐
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ
|Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *broːŋ) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *broːŋ) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ).
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng • Middle-Chinese : baewng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ
|huge; big • disorderly; messy • shape of the face; facial contours • a surname ‖ Used in 龐龐／庞庞 (lónglóng).
|huge; big • disorderly; messy • shape of the face; facial contours • a surname ‖ Used in 龐龐／庞庞 (lónglóng).
|
|
Line 18,030: Line 21,803:
|龐 • (bang, nong) · 龐 • (bang, nong) (hangeul 방, 농, revised bang, nong, McCune–Reischauer pang, nong, Yale pang, nong)
|龐 • (bang, nong) · 龐 • (bang, nong) (hangeul 방, 농, revised bang, nong, McCune–Reischauer pang, nong, Yale pang, nong)
|disorderly • huge, big • high
|disorderly • huge, big • high
|canonical : 龐: Hán Việt readings: bàng
|chữ Hán form of bàng (“used in Chinese derived compounds to mean big, large, disorderly, messy or to refer to the face”). • chữ Hán form of Bàng (“referring to the Hồng Bàng dynasty and the associated surname”).
|chữ Hán form of bàng (“used in Chinese derived compounds to mean big, large, disorderly, messy or to refer to the face”). • chữ Hán form of Bàng (“referring to the Hồng Bàng dynasty and the associated surname”).
|龐
|龐
|-
|-
|龔
|龔
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng
|
|Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng • Middle-Chinese : kjowng
|Alternative form of 供 (“to supply”) • Alternative form of 恭 (gōng, “to respect”) • to follow; to obey • a surname
|Alternative form of 供 (“to supply”) • Alternative form of 恭 (gōng, “to respect”) • to follow; to obey • a surname
|
|
Line 18,040: Line 21,815:
|龔 • (gong) · 龔 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)
|龔 • (gong) · 龔 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)
|polite, reverent • to supply • respect
|polite, reverent • to supply • respect
|Hán-Nôm : cung
|
|
|龔
|龔

Latest revision as of 01:32, 31 July 2024

main page
976 747 1318 1817 1547 2341 5988
一Ｅ 二Ｅ 三Ｅ 四Ｅ 五Ｅ 六Ｅ 七Ｅ
一Ｕ 二Ｕ 三Ｕ 四Ｕ 五Ｕ 六Ｕ 七Ｕ
一Ｗ 二Ｗ 三Ｗ 四Ｗ 五Ｗ 六Ｗ 七Ｗ
character English zh [s:etymology_text] English zh [ld:sounds ls:tags,s:zh-pron] English zh [ld:senses ls:glosses] English ja [ld:head_templates s:expansion] English ja [ld:senses ls:glosses] English ko [ld:head_templates s:expansion] English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses] English vi [ld:head_templates s:expansion] English ko [ld:senses ls:glosses] character
万 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mok Only used in 万俟 (Mòqí). ‖ 万(まん) • (man) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban) ‖ 万(ばん) • (ban-) ‖ 万(よろず) • (yorozu) ^(←よろづ (yorodu)?) ten thousand, myriad • various, many, all ‖ ten thousand, myriad ‖ (followed by a negative) even if, never • (followed by a negative) no matter what ‖ many • all ‖ ten thousand • a large number • all, everything 万 (eumhun 일 만 (il man)) Alternative form of 萬. canonical : 万: Hán Việt readings: vạn • canonical : mặc 万: Nôm readings: vàn • canonical : vạn • canonical : muôn Alternative form of 萬. 万
与 bestow, impart, award, grant, give • participate in • provide • cause • gift • godsend 与 (eumhun 줄 여 (jul yeo)) Alternative form of 與 (“hanja form of 여 (“give; participate”)”) Hán-Nôm : dữ • Hán-Nôm : dự • Hán-Nôm : đử 与
丕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰrɯ) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 一 ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰrɯ) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 一 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phi • Middle-Chinese : phij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ large; grand • to act on; to follow • A particle. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 不 • Used in 可丕丕 (“heart beating”). large; grand 丕 (eumhun 클 비 (keul bi)) hanja form of 비 (“large; grand”) canonical : 丕: Hán Việt readings: phi 丕: Nôm readings: vầy • canonical : vậy • canonical : phỉ • canonical : bậy • canonical : phơi • canonical : chăng • canonical : chẳng • canonical : phi chữ Hán form of phi (“large; grand”). • Nôm form of vầy (“such; like this”). • Nôm form of vậy (“so; thus”). 丕
丞 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 卩 (“kneeling person”) + 廾 (“both hands”) + 凵 (“hole”) – to rescue a person from a hole. Compare 承. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part; rise; raise”). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 卩 (“kneeling person”) + 廾 (“both hands”) + 凵 (“hole”) – to rescue a person from a hole. Compare 承. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part; rise; raise”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîng • Middle-Chinese : dzying • Middle-Chinese : dzyingH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing² to assist, to aid • (archaic) a low-level assistant to the governor of a county • Alternative form of 承 • a surname ‖ Original form of 拯 (zhěng, “to rescue”). to help, to rescue 丞 (eumhun 도울 승 (doul seung)) ‖ 丞 (eumhun 구원할 증 (guwonhal jeung)) (archaic) hanja form of 승 (“help”) ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 拯 (“hanja form of 증 (“help”)”) canonical : 丞: Hán Việt readings: thừa 丞: Hán Nôm readings: thừa • canonical : chẳng 丞
丟 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 一 (“one (item)”) + 去 (“to go; to remove”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiu to lose; to misplace • to be missing; to be lost • to throw; to cast; to toss; to discard • to put aside; to dismiss • (archaic) to orgasm; to cum to discard, to lose, to reject 丟 (eumhun 아주 갈 주 (aju gal ju)) 丟
么 Variant of 幺. ‖ Simplified from 麽 (elimination of 麻). Officially adopted as the simplified form of 麽 in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956. ‖ ‖ 么 • (yo) · 么 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo) 么
乩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ method of divination involving planchette writing • Alternative form of 稽 (“to divine”) to divine; alternative form of 卟 or 稽. 乩 • (gye) · 乩 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye) 乩
乱 ‖ 乱(らん) • (ran) chaos, disorder • disorderly ‖ chaos, disorder • revolt, rebellion 乱
争 conflict; quarrel 争
亙 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 二 + 月 (“moon”). \ Possibly also the original form of 恆. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn • Middle-Chinese : kongH (of space or time) to extend all the way; to stretch • ^† continuous; complete • ^† completely; thoroughly • a surname request 亙 (eum 긍 (geung)) Hán-Nôm : cẳng • Hán-Nôm : cắng • Hán-Nôm : cứng • Hán-Nôm : gắng • Hán-Nôm : hẵng 亙
亟 Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 人 + semantic 二, with 口 and 攴 (later simplified to 又) later added. ‖ Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 人 + semantic 二, with 口 and 攴 (later simplified to 又) later added. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ • Middle-Chinese : kik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : khiH urgently • urgent; pressing ‖ (literary) repeatedly; frequently sudden 亟 • (geuk, gi) · 亟 • (geuk, gi) (hangeul 극, 기, revised geuk, gi, McCune–Reischauer kŭk, ki, Yale kuk, ki) Hán-Nôm : cấc • Hán-Nôm : cức • Hán-Nôm : cực 亟
仃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Middle-Chinese : teng Only used in 伶仃 (língdīng) and 仃伶. Hán-Nôm : đừng • Hán-Nôm : đần • Hán-Nôm : đành • Hán-Nôm : đình • Hán-Nôm : đứa • Hán-Nôm : dừng • Hán-Nôm : đinh 仃
仄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 厂 (“cliff”) + phonetic 夨 (OC *ʔsrɯɡ, “man with crooked head”) – "oblique, slanted" ‖ From English cheque. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tseh • Middle-Chinese : tsrik ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek¹ slanting; oblique • narrow • uneasy; worried • oblique tone • Alternative form of 側／侧 (“side”) • (dialectal) to raise (cause to rise) • (loanword, Mainland China) zepto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ (Cantonese, dated) cheque be seen dimly • suggest, intimate, hint • faint • stupid 仄 (eum 측 (cheuk)) Hán-Nôm : trắc (linguistics, poetry, of a tone) being neither the ngang or huyền tone • (poetry, of a rhyme) carrying a trắc tone 仄
仞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nyinH (historical) a unit of measure, which had been defined to be 8 chi, 7 chi, 5 chi 6 cun, and 4 chi • to fathom; to measure depth or height • Alternative form of 刃 (rèn, “blade; sword; knife”) • Alternative form of 牣 (rèn, “to fill; full”) • Alternative form of 認／认 (rèn, “to recognize”) • Alternative form of 忍 (rěn, “to endure”) • Alternative form of 韌／韧 (rèn, “strong, tough”) • (historical) a place in Chu during the Spring and Autumn period ‖ 仞(じん) • (jin) ‖ ren, ancient Chinese unit of measure 仞 (eum 인 (in)) Hán-Nôm : nhẩn • Hán-Nôm : nhận 仞
仟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshing • Middle-Chinese : tshen (historical) leader of one thousand men • (financial) Alternative form of 千 (“thousand”) • Alternative form of 阡 (“footpath between fields going north/south”) • Alternative form of 芊 (“lush (vegetation)”) ‖ 仟(せん) • (sen) ‖ (financial, archaic) thousand 仟 • (cheon) · 仟 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn) 仟
仳 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Middle-Chinese : phjieX • Middle-Chinese : bijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjij (literary) to part; to leave each other • to distinguish; to tell apart • Alternative form of 比 ‖ Only used in 仳倠. 仳 (eum 비 (bi)) Hán-Nôm : tị 仳
伉 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : khangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ (literary) to match; to be equal to • (literary) tall; strong • high; tall • upright • arrogant; haughty • (Wenzhounese) and • Alternative form of 抗 (kàng, “to resist”) • a surname ‖ upright ‖ (historical) A person's name. 伉 • (hang) · 伉 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang) 伉
伕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ Alternative form of 夫 (“husband”) • Alternative form of 夫 (“common laborer”) 伕
会 ‖ 会(かい) • (kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(かい) • (-kai) ^(←くわい (kwai)?) ‖ 会(え) • (e) ^(←ゑ (we)?) ‖ meeting, gathering • society, association, club ‖ meeting • party; function ‖ gathering; meeting • perceive; understand; comprehend • Alternative form of 絵 (e, “picture; drawing; painting”) 会
伽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ke⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gja ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ Original form of 茄 (qié). • Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ Used in transcription. • Short for 伽利略 (jiālìlüè, “galileo (unit)”). ‖ 伽(とぎ) • (togi) nursing • attending • entertainer • used for transliterating Sanskrit ‖ relieving one of boredom with a story; also, such a person • attending one in their bedroom; also, such a person • nursing or taking care of a person; also, such a person 伽 (eumhun 절 가 (jeol ga)) Hán-Nôm : già • Hán-Nôm : giả • Hán-Nôm : gia • Hán-Nôm : nhà 伽
佇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daʔ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 宁 (OC *da, *daʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ta-t (“to put; to place”). Cognate with 著 (OC *tas, *taɡ, *daɡ), 署 (OC *djas) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ • Middle-Chinese : drjoX (literary) to stand (for a long time) • to stop; to stay (for a long time) • to wait; to hope for; to look forward to • to store; to accumulate • (Hokkien) to be at; to be in; to be located • (Hokkien) (located) in; at • (Hokkien) during; in to stand (for a while) 佇 (eumhun 우두커니 설 저 (udukeoni seol jeo)) to stand (for a while) • to stay • to wait for • to store; to accumulate Hán-Nôm : giữ • Hán-Nôm : trữ 佇
体 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːnʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban⁶ • Middle-Chinese : bwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”) • Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”). ‖ ^‡ name of prison ‖ 体(たい) • (-tai) ‖ 体(たい) • (tai) ‖ 体(てい) • (tei) ‖ counter for humanoid objects ‖ the body (e.g., of a human or animal) • the body (e.g., of a human or animal) · (particularly) the torso excluding the limbs: the trunk, abdomen • a substance, matter • a form, shape • (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements) ‖ an outward appearance, look, aspect 体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che)) ‖ 体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun)) Alternative form of 體 (“hanja form of 체 (“body”)”) ‖ Alternative form of 笨 (“hanja form of 분 (“mediocre; rough”)”) Hán-Nôm : thể ‖ Hán-Nôm : thấy body ‖ Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see) 体
佔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjems, *teːm) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Middle-Chinese : tem to occupy; to possess ‖ Alternative form of 覘／觇 (“to peep; to look”) ‖ to whisper • Alternative form of 襜 (chān) ‖ Only used in 佔侸. possess, usurp, occupy by force 佔 (eum 점 (jeom)) occupy • seize • take Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : chiếm 佔
佗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). ‖ ‖ Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002): \ * tai → ta (→ taʔ); \ * tue → to (→ toʔ). \ For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo). ‖ Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002): \ * tai → ta (→ taʔ); \ * tue → to (→ toʔ). \ For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ • Middle-Chinese : tha ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tá ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : toh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tio̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ Alternative form of 馱／驮 (“to carry on one's back”) ‖ Alternative form of 他 • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) which ‖ (Hokkien) where ‖ to add; to impute ‖ Only used in 委佗, alternative form of 委蛇 (wēiyí) 佗 (eum 타 (ta)) Hán-Nôm : đà 佗
佝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Middle-Chinese : xuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ Used in 佝僂／佝偻 (gōulóu). ‖ Only used in 佝瞀. ‖ Alternative form of 拘 (jū) 佝 • (gu) · 佝 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku) 佝
佞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *neːŋs) : phonetic 仁 (OC *njin) + semantic 女. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nengH eloquent • to flatter; to be good at flattery • flatterer • evil; wicked; crafty • hypocritical; hypocrisy • to feel dizzy • talent (usually in the humble expression 不佞 (bùnìng)) flattery • insincerity 佞 (eum 녕 (nyeong)) flattery • glib Hán-Nôm : nịnh • Hán-Nôm : nạnh • Hán-Nôm : nến • Hán-Nôm : nính 佞
佬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 (“man; person”) + phonetic 老 (OC *ruːʔ). \ Found in certain southern dialects (chiefly Cantonese) as the colloquial word for “man” (for example, in the term 肥佬). Probably related to Zhuang raeuz ~ laeuz (“we; also a demonym: Rau peoples”), a widespread Tai word meaning “we; people” (Proto-Tai *rawᴬ). \ First attested in 1678 in the following passage from Guangdong Xinyu: \ 廣州謂平人曰佬，亦曰獠，賤稱也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]广州谓平人曰佬，亦曰獠，贱称也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.] \ Guǎngzhōu wèi píngrén yuē lǎo, yì yuē liáo, jiànchēng yě. [Pinyin] \ People in Guangzhou call “common people” lau or leu (derogatory). \ Also compare Proto-Hmong *ʔljuwᴮ (“male”) (White Hmong lau (“male”)), Proto-Katuic *-law (“man”), as well as Lao ລາວ (lāo, “Lao < people”), Thai ลาว (laao). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇㄦ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu (chiefly Cantonese, dialectal Wu, often slightly derogatory) (adult) man; guy; fellow; chap (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ Only used in 侾佬 (“large”). ‖ (Southern Min) to cheat; to swindle Hán-Nôm : lão 佬
佯 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yang • Middle-Chinese : dzjang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tènn to pretend; to feign • Used in 佯佯. • Used in 倘佯 (chángyáng). • Used in 儴佯 (xiāngyáng) and 翔佯 (xiángyáng). • Used in 仿佯. ‖ (Southern Min) to pretend; to feign Lie, deceive, show a false appearance. 佯 • (yang) · 佯 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang) 佯
佰 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mbraːɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 百 (OC *praːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mbraːɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 百 (OC *praːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pah ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek (financial) Alternative form of 百 (“hundred”) • (archaic) troop of 100 soldiers, or a leader of such unit, centurion ‖ Alternative form of 陌 ‖ 佰(はく) • (haku) ‖ (financial, archaic) one hundred 佰 (eum 백 (baek)) (백 사람 어른 백, baek-saram-eoreun-): centurion • (일백 백, il-baek-): hundred Hán-Nôm : bách 佰
佻 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu¹ • Middle-Chinese : thew • Middle-Chinese : dew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ frivolous • to steal • Alternative form of 挑 ‖ (walking) alone • graceful; elegant ‖ light; quick ‖ to hang; to suspend • far ‖ to delay ‖ arrogant ‖ Alternative form of 肇 佻 (eum 조 (jo)) Hán-Nôm : điêu • Hán-Nôm : đào • Hán-Nôm : diêu 佻
侃 ‖ From 侃大山. ‖ (literary) upright; outspoken; straightforward • (literary) harmonious and happy; congenial • to boast; to tease ‖ (colloquial) to chatter idly • (dialectal) to chat 侃 • (gan) · 侃 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan) 侃
侏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjo) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjo) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsyu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡ Used in 侏儒 (zhūrú). ‖ Used in 侏張／侏张. 侏 (eum 주 (ju)) Hán-Nôm : thù 侏
侖 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亼 + 冊 (“book”). The component 亼 can be interpreted as either "gather" ("to gather books" therefore "order") or as a downward mouth ("reading words as they're written" therefore "order"). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Middle-Chinese : lwin Alternative form of 倫／伦 (“reason; order”) think, be methodical 侖 • (ryun>yun) · 侖 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun) Hán-Nôm : lỏn • Hán-Nôm : lốn • Hán-Nôm : lổn • Hán-Nôm : lôn • Hán-Nôm : lủn • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : lũn • Hán-Nôm : lụm • Hán-Nôm : lụn • Hán-Nôm : trôn 侖
俎 Pictogram (象形) – sacrificial altar for meat. The altar's legs are on the left and the vessel is on the right. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsrjoX (historical) sacrificial altar; stand or vessel for meat and food sacrifice • (literary) chopping board; chopping block • a surname ‖ 俎(そ) • (so) ‖ sacrificial altar • cutting board; a chopping board 俎 • (jo) · 俎 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho) 俎
俑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Middle-Chinese : thuwng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX tomb figurine ‖ 俑(よう) • (yō) ‖ wooden figure buried with the dead 俑 (eum 용 (yong)) Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : dũng 俑
俚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). \ ; folk, popular \ ; ethnic groups living in southern China ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Middle-Chinese : liX ‖ (obsolete) to rely on • (literary) rustic; vulgar; unpolished • folk; popular • (historical) general name for non-Han ethnic groups living in southern China ‖ (Suzhounese) he; she 俚 (eum 리 (ri)) Hán-Nôm : lái • Hán-Nôm : lia • Hán-Nôm : lí 俚
俞 In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. ‖ In oracle bone script, it was likely a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 凡 + phonetic inverted 由 (OC *lɯw). It's also possible that the phonetic component is instead an ancient form of 鏃 (OC *ʔsoːɡ). In bronze inscriptions, 凡 corrupted into 舟, and the bottom-right subcomponent gradually corrupted into two lines (now written 刂). The upper-right subcomponent (亼) moved to the top of the character in bamboo slips, and 舟 was further corrupted into 月, arriving at the modern form. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : yu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau³ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ to approve; to consent • yes • to reply; to respond • (literary) satisfied; at ease • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 腧 (“acupoint”) ‖ a surname ‖ Alternative form of 愈 (yù, “even more”) • Alternative form of 癒／愈 (yù, “to recover”) ‖ Used in 俞兒／俞儿. 俞 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : dũ 俞
俟 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zriX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gj+j to wait ‖ Used in 万俟 (Mòqí). 俟 • (sa, gi) · 俟 • (sa, gi) (hangeul 사, 기, revised sa, gi, McCune–Reischauer sa, ki) 俟
俠 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Middle-Chinese : hep chivalrous person; knight-errant • chivalrous; gallant ‖ 俠(きょう) • (kyō) ^(←けふ (kefu)?) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) ‖ 俠(きゃん) • (kyan) -na (adnominal 俠(きゃん)な (kyan na), adverbial 俠(きゃん)に (kyan ni)) chivalrous person • chivalry • knight-errant • tomboy ‖ Kyūjitai form of 侠: chivalrous spirit ‖ Kyūjitai form of 侠: a chivalrous person; a tomboy ‖ Kyūjitai form of 侠: chivalrous, tomboyish 俠 • (hyeop) · 俠 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp) chivalrous person • knight-errant Hán-Nôm : hiệp 俠
俾 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Middle-Chinese : pjeX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟ (literary, formal) in order to; so that; so as to; therefore; thus; thereby • Original form of 裨 (bì, “to benefit”). ‖ Only used in 俾倪. ‖ Only used in 安俾. ‖ Alternative form of 比 ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 畀 俾 (eum 비 (bi)) Hán-Nôm : tỉ 俾
倀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaŋ, *rtaːŋs) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaŋ, *rtaːŋs) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Middle-Chinese : trhjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : traengH insane person • ghost of one devoured by a tiger who becomes a servant of the tiger and helps it find more victims ‖ Only used in 倀悙／伥悙. 倀 (eum 창 (chang)) Hán-Nôm : trành 倀
倆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兩 (OC *raŋʔ, *raŋs). \ Contraction of 兩個 (liǎngge, “two + classifier”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng (colloquial) functioning as 兩 (“two”) + an implied classifier: two; pair; couple; both • (colloquial, chiefly Mainland China) a few; some ‖ Only used in 伎倆／伎俩 (jìliǎng). 倆 (eum 량 (ryang)) Hán-Nôm : lưỡng • Hán-Nôm : lạng 倆
倌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːn, *kroːns) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)(j)wal (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan ཁོལ་པོ (khol po, “servant”), Burmese ကျွန် (kywan, “slave”), Proto-Loloish *C-kywan¹ (“slave”), 宦 (OC *ɡʷraːns, “servant; official”). \ 官 (OC *koːn, “official”) is probably the same word as 倌 (OC *koːn, *kroːns) (Schuelsser, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Middle-Chinese : kwan • Middle-Chinese : kwaenH servant who drives a carriage • groom; keeper of domestic animals • worker in a teahouse or restaurant who provides service assistant in wine shop • groom (keeper of domestic animals) 倌 (eum 관 (gwan)) Hán-Nôm : quan • Hán-Nôm : quán 倌
倏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯwɢ) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 犬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Middle-Chinese : syuwk sudden; abrupt • suddenly; abruptly; hastily 倏 • (suk) · 倏 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk) Hán-Nôm : thúc 倏
們 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn). \ First attested in the Song dynasty (Lü, 1940). Various other glyphs representing *mVn have been attested in Song dynasty texts, including 懣, 滿, 瞞, 門. \ It is probably related to 弭 (MC mjieX) (in 我弭) and 偉 (MC hjw+jX) (in 兒郎偉／儿郎伟 (érláng wěi)) attested in the Tang dynasty (Lü, 1940); it is related to 每 (měi), as in 我每 (wǒměi), common during the Jin (Jurchen), Yuan and early Ming dynasties (Lü, 1985). \ Proposed etymologies: \ * From the personal pronoun plural marker 輩 (OC *puːls) (Lü, 1985; Feng, 1997; Li, 2013). \ * From 門 (MC mwon, “door; clan; family”) (Ota, 2003; Yu, 1989; Li and Shi, 2000). \ * From 每人 (MC mwojX nyin, “everybody”) (Norman, 1988); compare Eastern Min 各儂／各侬 (“everybody”), used in 我各儂／我各侬 (“we; us”), 汝各儂／汝各侬 (“you (plural)”), 伊各儂／伊各侬 (“they”). \ * From 物 (MC mjut, “thing”) (Jiang, 1995). \ * From plural features in Dravidian languages, cf. Classical Tamil -m, -mar, -mār suffixes, Tamil நாம் (nām, “inclusive we”), via Indic languages by means of Buddhist transmission (Chen & Ye, 2020). \ Also compare 您. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ Suffix indicating plural for pronouns, some animated nouns and personifications. • Suffix attached to the name of the representative of a group to refer to that whole group. • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) General suffix indicating plural. ‖ Only used in 們渾／们浑 (mènhún). 們 (eum 문 (mun)) Hán-Nôm : món • Hán-Nôm : môn • Hán-Nôm : mon 們
倖 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīng • Middle-Chinese : heangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng to favor; to dote on • by fluke or chance ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 婞 (xìng, “obstinate”) ‖ (Southern Min) to spoil; to pamper; to indulge 倖 (eum 행 (haeng)) Hán-Nôm : hãnh • Hán-Nôm : hạnh 倖
値 ‖ 値(あたい) • (atai) ^(←あたひ (atafi)?) ‖ 値(ね) • (ne) price • value ‖ value ‖ price 値 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : trị • Hán-Nôm : trịa 値
倥 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung² • Middle-Chinese : khuwngX • Middle-Chinese : khuwngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung² • Middle-Chinese : khuwngX • Middle-Chinese : khuwngH Only used in 倥侗 (kōngtóng). ‖ Only used in 倥傯／倥偬 (kǒngzǒng). 倥 • (gong) · 倥 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong) 倥
倨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Middle-Chinese : kjoH (literary) haughty; arrogant • Alternative form of 踞 (jù, “to crouch; to squat”) • Alternative form of 鋸／锯 (jù, “saw”) 倨 • (geo) · 倨 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ) 倨
倩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàn • Middle-Chinese : tshenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng • Middle-Chinese : tshjengH smiling • (beautiful) man • beautiful; pretty; handsome • fast ‖ to ask someone to do something • to have the aid of • to borrow • (Min) to employ; to hire • (Teochew) to beg; to plea; to please; to excuse oneself. Example: 倩食 (ciah4 ziah8) is a very polite way of asking people to eat. • (Hokkien) to urge; to entrust • son-in-law • servant; domestic servant • Alternative form of 銃／铳 (chòng). Only used in 飯匙倩／饭匙倩. 倩 (eum 천 (cheon)) Hán-Nôm : thiến 倩
倪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeː) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兒 (OC *ŋeː, *ŋje). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeː) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 兒 (OC *ŋeː, *ŋje). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê • Middle-Chinese : ngej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ small child • small and weak • origin; beginning • bound; limit; extremity • to differentiate • (Wu) I; we • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 睨 (nì, “to look sideways; to squint”) small child • edge, limit, boundary 倪 (eum 예 (ye)) Hán-Nôm : nghê • Hán-Nôm : hầu 倪
倭 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Middle-Chinese : 'wa ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Middle-Chinese : 'jwe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo² • Middle-Chinese : 'waX (historical, now derogatory) Japan; Yamato • (in some animal names) dwarf; pygmy ‖ Used in 倭遲／倭迟, alternative form of 逶迤 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering”) ‖ Only used in 倭墮髻／倭堕髻 (wǒduòjì, “a hairstyle for women that was popular during the Han Dynasty in which the hair was gathered up in a lopsided bun”). ‖ 倭(わ) • (Wa) Yamato • the country of Japan ‖ ancient Japan 倭 (eumhun 왜나라 왜 (waenara wae)) ‖ 倭 (eumhun 유순할 위 (yusunhal wi)) hanja form of 왜 (“ancient Japan, Yamato”) ‖ (literary Chinese) hanja form of 위 (“docile, obedient”) Hán-Nôm : uy • Hán-Nôm : oải • Hán-Nôm : nụy • Hán-Nôm : nuỵ • Hán-Nôm : oa 倭
偃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qanʔ) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 匽 (OC *qanʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ián • Middle-Chinese : 'jonX to fall on one's back; to lie down; to flop down • to desist; to cease; to stop dam • weir 偃 (eum 언 (eon)) Hán-Nôm : ễnh 偃
偌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 若 (OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ). ‖ ‖ From 你 (“you (singular)”), with -k (plural marker) and tone change (Gan, 1997). Possibly a contraction of 你個／你个 (cf. Zhang, 1997, suggesting it to be a contraction of 若個／若个) or 你屋 (Zhang, 2005; Kwok, 2006). \ Compare 㑢 (“they”), from 佢 (“he; she; it”). ‖ ‖ Contraction of 若夥 (Mei, 2015). Compare Fuzhou Eastern Min /nˡuoʔ⁵⁻⁵³ uɑi²⁴²/ > /nˡuɑi²⁴²/. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ ‖ ‖ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juā so; that ‖ a surname ‖ (dialectal Cantonese, including Siyi Yue, Yangjiang) you (plural) ‖ (Taishanese) someone (else) ‖ how much; how • how (indicating surprise, delight, etc.) 偌 (eum 야 (ya)) 偌
偕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kriːl) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 皆 (OC *kriːl) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâi • Middle-Chinese : keaj to accompany; together; in company • strong • to unify • to be in harmony (with) • Alternative form of 皆 (jiē, “all”) • a surname 偕 • (hae, hye) · 偕 • (hae, hye) (hangeul 해, 혜, revised hae, hye, McCune–Reischauer hae, hye) 偕
傀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) : semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ). ‖ 傀 (OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) "extraordinary" (Zhouli) > 瑰 (OC *kuːl, *ɡuːl) "rare, marvelous" > a kind precious stone" (Shijing). \ 傀 (OC *kûi) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh); they may be merely variants (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka • Middle-Chinese : khwojX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwoj Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi, “puppet”). ‖ odd; peculiar; extraordinary • great large 傀 (eumhun 꼭두각시/허수아비 괴 (kkokdugaksi/heosuabi goe)) ‖ 傀 (eumhun 클 괴 (keul goe)) hanja form of 괴 (“puppet”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 괴 (“large”) Hán-Nôm : khôi • Hán-Nôm : khổi • Hán-Nôm : ngội • Hán-Nôm : ổi 傀
傖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄔㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Middle-Chinese : dzraeng vulgar person, country man vulgar person • country man 傖 • (chang) · 傖 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang) vulgar person • country man 傖
傢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ stubborn, obstinate, intransigent 傢 (eum 가 (ga)) Hán-Nôm : gia 傢
傭 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : yowng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhjowng servant; maid • to employ; to hire • salary; wages • Alternative form of 庸 (“ordinary; mediocre; a kind of tax during the Tang dynasty”) ‖ equal; even; fair; just ‖ 傭(よう) • (yō) employ, hire ‖ hire; employ 傭 (eumhun 품팔이 용 (pumpari yong)) ‖ 傭 (eumhun 고를 총 (goreul chong)) hanja form of 용 (“employ; hire”) ‖ (literary Chinese) hanja form of 총 (“even; fair”) 傭
僑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrew) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew). Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu • Middle-Chinese : gjew to reside abroad; to sojourn; to lodge • people residing abroad • (historical) related to refugees who escaped Xianbei rule in the Sixteen Kingdoms period and resettled in areas still controlled by the Eastern Jin government • diaspora person residing abroad 僑 • (gyo) · 僑 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo) canonical : 僑: Hán Việt readings: kiều 僑: Nôm readings: quều (literary) a person who takes up residence in a foreign country 僑
僖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Middle-Chinese : xi joyful; happy; glad; delighted • a surname 僖 • (hui) · 僖 • (hui) (hangeul 희) 僖
僥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ lucky • by chance; by luck ‖ Only used in 僬僥／僬侥. ‖ fake 僥 (eum 요 (yo)) Hán-Nôm : nhau • Hán-Nôm : nghẹo 僥
僮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːŋ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ) ‖ See 壯. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ • Middle-Chinese : duwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong³ boy • servant • (historical) page; boy servant • ignorant • Alternative form of 動／动 (dòng) • a surname ‖ (obsolete) (～族) Alternative name for 壯／壮 (zhuàng, “Zhuang (people)”). child • fool, foolish • servant 僮 (eum 동 (dong)) Hán-Nôm : đồng 僮
僱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo to employ; to hire • to be employed; to be hired • to rent; to lease • a surname: Gu 僱
儂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːŋ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 農 (OC *nuːŋ). \ ; “Person; I; me > suffix for pronouns” in southeastern varieties \ Its senses of “person; human being” and “pronoun suffix” are well-attested in the classical literature, dating back to the Six Dynasties. At the present time, traces of this word are found in various Southern regions such as Fujian, Jiangxi and Zhejiang, in Wu, Min, Hui and Gan. \ ; “Person; human” \ ; “I” \ ; “Pronoun suffix” \ : \ : A similar chain of changes happened in the Wu varieties to arrive at the modern divergent dialectal forms for “you (singular)”. \ : \ : Some lects, such as Shanghainese, have merged the two syllables into one, leaving 儂／侬 to mean “you (singular)”. \ With regard to the etymology of this word, Huang (1980), Norman (1983) and Zhou (1986) hypothesised that this is the same as 農 (OC *nuːŋ, “farmer; peasant”). The use of this word as a pronoun may have originated as a form of personal deprecation and then come to be used as a full-fledged pronoun. Pan and Chen (1995) disagree, proposing that nong was originally a Baiyue substrate word possibly of Kra-Dai origin, and possibly an original clan name later developing to mean “person; I”. Compare Zhuang Nungz (“a surname”) and name of the 11ᵗʰ century Zhuang leader Nong Zhigao, as well as the name of the Nùng people in Vietnam. ‖ Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word. Compare Proto-Tai *nwoːŋꟲ (“younger sibling”) (whence Zhuang nuengx (“younger sibling”)), Southern Kam nongx (“younger sibling”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : nowng ‖ (coastal Min, dialectal Wu) person; human being (Classifier: 隻／只 md; 個／个 mn) • (coastal Min) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er • (coastal Min) physical, psychological or moral quality or condition • (coastal Min) others; other people • (Wu, coastal Min) I; me • (archaic or Wu) you (singular) • (dialectal Wu) he, him; she, her; it • (Min, Wu) Suffix for pronouns, functioning as a meaningless particle or a pluralising particle. • a surname. Nong ‖ (dialectal Cantonese) child • (dialectal Cantonese) son • (Leizhou Min) infant • (Hainanese, polite, humble) Used as a first-person singular pronoun, especially used by someone in the younger generation. • (Hainanese, endearing) A pronoun used by someone in the older generation to refer to someone in the younger generation. ‖ 儂(わし) • (washi) ‖ (mainly Western Japan) I, me 儂 (eum 농 (nong)) Hán-Nôm : nông • Hán-Nôm : nùng • Hán-Nôm : noọng 儂
儈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH go-between, broker, proxy 儈 (eum 괴 (goe)) Hán-Nôm : cúi 儈
儐 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjinH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjin to entertain guests • someone who entertains guests • to display; to exhibit • Alternative form of 擯／摈 (bìn, “to reject; to abandon; to discard”) ‖ to respect • Alternative form of 顰／颦 (pín, “to frown; to knit one's brows”) 儐 • (bin) · 儐 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin) 儐
儔 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : dawH companion, mate, colleague • people of the same kind • to match; to be on par with • who ‖ ^‡ Alternative term for 華蓋／华盖 (huágài). • ^‡ hide; conceal companion, mate, colleague 儔 (eum 주 (ju)) Hán-Nôm : trù 儔
儘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 盡 (OC *ʔslinʔ, *zlinʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐn utmost; extreme; furthest • to do one's utmost; to do all one can; to do one's best • to give priority to ‖ 儘(まま) or 儘(まんま) • (mama or manma) as it is ‖ the same, unchanged state; state as it is • (mostly in the form 儘になる (mama ni naru)) the desired or ideal state; freedom • act of leaving things as it is • (writing and editing) ママ: sic, as it is 儘 (eum 진 (jin)) Hán-Nôm : tẫn 儘
儡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːl, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls) : semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé • Middle-Chinese : lwoj • Middle-Chinese : lwojX Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi). puppet • defeat 儡 (eumhun 꼭두각시 뢰 (kkokdugaksi roe), word-initial (South Korea) 꼭두각시 뇌 (kkokdugaksi noe)) hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“puppet”) Hán-Nôm : lỗi 儡
儲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *da) : semantic 人 + phonetic 諸 (OC *tjaː, *tja). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû • Middle-Chinese : drjo to store; to reserve; to save money • stockpiled materials • to wait; to await • heir to the throne • Used in 儲與／储与. • a surname profit 儲 (eum 저 (jeo)) Hán-Nôm : trữ • Hán-Nôm : trừ 儲
儷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːls) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : lejH ‖ married couple • (poetry) of a couplet ‖ (Eastern Min) only companion 儷 (eum 려 (ryeo)) Hán-Nôm : lệ 儷
儼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giám • Middle-Chinese : ngjaemX (literary) grave, respectful, majestic • (literary) as if, seemingly, like • to raise one's head • neatly arranged 儼 (eum 엄 (eom)) Hán-Nôm : nghiễm 儼
兀 ; “to cut off the feet” ‖ ‖ Borrowed from Turkic, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ol (Zhang and Zhang, 2007). Compare Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞 (ul¹), Turkish o (“he, she, it; that”), Uyghur ئۇ (u, “he, she, it; that”), Chuvash вӑл (văl, “he, she, it”) and Karakhanid اُلْ (ol, “he, she, it; that”). First recorded in the Song Dynasty: \ : \ 前世謂「阿睹」，猶今諺云「兀底」；「寧馨」，猶「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之詞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]前世谓「阿睹」，犹今谚云「兀底」；「宁馨」，犹「恁地」也；皆不指一物一事之词。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Song Dynasty, 莊綽, 《雞肋編》 \ Qiánshì wèi “ādǔ”, yóu jīn yàn yún “wùde”; “níngxīn”, yóu “nèndì” yě; jiē bù zhǐ yī wù yī shì zhī cí. [Pinyin] \ (please add an English translation of this usage example) ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert • Middle-Chinese : ngwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ towering • bald • to cut off the feet • unpeaceful • a surname ‖ Only used in 兀禿／兀秃. ‖ (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) that • (archaic) Used before pronouns to form bisyllabic pronouns. ‖ (Northern Min) that ‖ still; yet towering; high • bald 兀 (eum 올 (ol)) Hán-Nôm : ngột • Hán-Nôm : ngát • Hán-Nôm : ngút 兀
兇 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Middle-Chinese : xjowng • Middle-Chinese : xjowngX terrible; fearful • fierce; ferocious • ruffian; evildoer; criminal • act of violence; murder; evil • (Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) ugly • (Cantonese) to intimidate ill luck 兇 (eumhun 흉악할 흉 (hyung'akhal hyung)) Hán-Nôm : hung 兇
兑 exchange • convert • dui (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: swamp, west) 兑 • (tae, ye) · 兑 • (tae, ye) (hangeul 태, 예, revised tae, ye, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, ye) 兑
兕 Pictogram (象形) . Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zijX a kind of bovine-like animal; traditionally often thought of as a female rhinoceros (Bencao Gangmu), modern research suggests it probably originally referred to wild water buffalo (Schuessler 2007). 兕 (eum 시 (si)) Hán-Nôm : tỉ 兕
兗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² Only used in 兗州／兖州 (Yǎnzhōu). 兗 • (yeon) · 兗 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn) 兗
党 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng a surname • Used in 党項 (Dǎngxiàng). ‖ ‖ 党(とう) • (tō) ‖ 党(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 党(たむら) • (tamura) Mostly used in 党(タン)項(グート) (tangūto, “Tangut”) ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ political party ‖ Alternative form of 屯 党
内 ‖ 内(うち) • (uchi) ‖ 内(うち) • (uchi) ‖ 内(ない) • (nai) ‖ 内(ない) • (nai) ‖ 内(だい) • (dai) ‖ the inside, within (a physical location) • something between, among • something while, during, inside or within a span of time • (when used possessively) one’s own, my, our ‖ (informal, women's speech) I, me ‖ the inside or middle (of something) • (Buddhism) Buddhist teachings on the inner self or ego, as opposed to non-Buddhist ones ‖ inside • mainland ‖ inside, interior, inner • imperial court 内 (eumhun 안 내 (an nae)) ‖ 内 (eumhun 들일 납 (deuril nap)) ‖ Hán-Nôm : nội • Hán-Nôm : nói • Hán-Nôm : nỗi • Hán-Nôm : nòi • Hán-Nôm : nụi • Hán-Nôm : nồi 内
冑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯwɢs) : semantic 冃 + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiū • Middle-Chinese : drjuwH (historical) helmet worn by warriors in ancient times ‖ 冑(かぶと) • (kabuto) helmet ‖ Alternative form of 兜 冑 • (ju) · 冑 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu) (투구 주, tugu-): helmet (especially, made of iron) 冑
冕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Middle-Chinese : mjenX ceremonial cap; crown • (by extension) things similar to a crown ‖ 冕(べん) • (ben) ‖ crown 冕 (eumhun 면류관 면 (myeollyugwan myeon)) crown Hán-Nôm : miện • Hán-Nôm : mịn 冕
写 photograph, copy, replicate, reproduce, transcribe • be photographed • describe 写
冢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toŋʔ) : semantic 勹 (“wrap”) + phonetic 豖 (OC *tʰoɡ) – wrapped in a burial shroud. Top component now simplified to 冖. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/r-duŋ (“mountain; hillock”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese တောင် (taung, “mountain”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng • Middle-Chinese : trjowngX Original form of 塚／冢 (zhǒng, “mausoleum; tomb; burial mound”). • mountain summit • (prefix) eldest, senior in rank 冢 • (chong) · 冢 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong) canonical : 冢: Hán Việt readings: trủng 冢: Nôm readings: trũng • canonical : trổng chữ Hán form of trủng (“a grand grave or burial mound”). • Nôm form of trũng (“a deep hole in the ground”). • Nôm form of trổng (“vague, indiscriminate”). 冢
冽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *red) : semantic 冫 (“ice”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t • Middle-Chinese : ljet cold; frigid; freezing • Alternative form of 洌 (liè, “pure; clear”) ‖ 冽(ただし) or 冽(たゞし) • (Tadashi) ‖ a male given name 冽 (eum 렬 (ryeol)) Hán-Nôm : liệt 冽
凄 uncanny • awful, whacking, enormous, bloody, terrible 凄 (eum 처 (cheo)) Hán-Nôm : thê 凄
凋 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau • Middle-Chinese : tew to wither; to fall • to exhaust; to fade • (of life and business) depressed; in decline wither, wilt, fade 凋 (eum 조 (jo)) Hán-Nôm : điêu 凋
凜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lím • Middle-Chinese : gim • Middle-Chinese : limX freezing cold • solemn • (literary) fearful ‖ 凜(りん) • (Rin) ‖ a female given name 凜 (eum 름 (reum)) Hán-Nôm : lẫm 凜
凱 Two possibilities: \ * Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ) : semantic 豈 (“drum”) + phonetic 几 (OC *krilʔ), in which case 豈 may have been the initial form of this character. \ * Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ) : phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 几. \ Originally used to mean “music of triumph; victory music”. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái • Middle-Chinese : khojX music of triumph; paean • triumph; victory • triumphant; victorious • Alternative form of 愷／恺 (kǎi, “peaceful; harmonious”) • (Taiwan, colloquial) generous with money • a surname triumph, victory 凱 (eum 개 (gae)) Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : ngai 凱
刎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mjunX to cut one's throat (especially in suicide) • to cut off; to sever decapitate 刎 (eum 문 (mun)) Hán-Nôm : vẫn 刎
刪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːn) : phonetic 冊 (OC *sʰreːɡ) + semantic 刀 (“knife”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : sraen to delete • (～日) (telegraphy) the fifteenth day of a month cut down 刪 (eum 산 (san)) Hán-Nôm : san 刪
别 Alternative form of 別 别 (eum 별 (byeol)) Hán-Nôm : biệt 别
刹 ‖ 刹(さつ) • (satsu) ‖ 刹(せつ) • (setsu) Buddhist temple; pagoda ‖ Alternative form of 檫. ‖ (Buddhism) 刹 (eumhun 절 찰 (jeol chal)) hanja form of 찰 (“Buddhist temple; pagoda”) Hán-Nôm : sát 刹
剁 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do² • Cantonese · Jyutping : do³ • Middle-Chinese : twaH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tok to chop by pounding; to mince; to hash; to cut ‖ (Hokkien, Teochew) Alternative form of 斲 (“to chop”) 剁
剋 ‖ From Middle Chinese 刻 (MC khok) (cf. Sun, 2018, p. 518). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak • Middle-Chinese : khok ‖ to counteract; to work against; to conflict (especially of one's fate with someone else) • (literary) to overcome; to subdue; to capture; to defeat; to vanquish; to prevail; to surmount; to overthrow • (literary) to restrain; to cut down • (literary) to be able to • (literary) severe; harsh • (literary) to injure; to harm • (literary) [to digest • (literary) to set a time limit ‖ (colloquial) to scold; to censure • (colloquial) to beat • (dialectal) to dig (with the hand) 剋 • (geuk) · 剋 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk) canonical : 剋: Hán Việt readings: khắc 剋: Nôm readings: khắc chữ Hán form of khắc (“beat, hit (in casual language)”). • chữ Hán form of khắc (“scold, rebuke (in casual language)”). • Nôm form of khắc (“opposite”). 剋
剌 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˊ perverse; unreasonable • to contradict; to violate • Used in 剌剌 and 撥剌／拨剌. • Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (lá, “to slash; to cut in two”) opposed • biased 剌 • (ral) · 剌 • (ral) (hangeul 랄, revised ral, McCune–Reischauer ral) Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lạt 剌
剎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraːd) : phonetic 殺 (OC *sreːds, *sreːd) + semantic 刂. \ Transcription of the kṣV (क्ष) sequence in various Sanskrit words, probably via Khotanese or Gandhari 𐨐𐨿𐨮 (kṣ /⁠*tʂ(ə), *ʈʂ(ə)⁠/) (Bailey, 1946), including: \ * Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “land; place of pilgrimage”) (剎多羅) \ * Sanskrit क्षण (kṣaṇa, “instant (in time)”) (剎那) \ * Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣema, “residence”) (剎摩) \ * Sanskrit क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya, “warrior caste; kshatriya”) (剎怛利耶, 剎帝利, 剎利) ‖ From 煞 (shā), in turn from 殺／杀 (shā). Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) land; world; place; area • Clipping of 剎多羅／刹多罗 (chàduōluó). · (Buddhism) place of pilgrimage; kshetra; Buddhist temple; Buddhist monastery; pagoda • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (Buddhism) instant; moment; impermanence • Clipping of 剎那／刹那 (chànà). · (by extension) brief moment; short moment ‖ to brake (a car); to stop a car 剎 • (chal) · 剎 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal) Hán-Nôm : sát 剎
剜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːn) : phonetic 宛 (OC *qon, *qonʔ) + semantic 刂. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Middle-Chinese : 'wan to cut out; to scoop out 剜 (eum 완 (wan)) Hán-Nôm : uyển 剜
剝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *proːɡ) : phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刀. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mok¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Middle-Chinese : paewk (Classical) to cut apart • to peel; to skin; to shell • to fall off; to erode; to come off (of skin, paint, etc。) • to strip; to deprive; to exploit • (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to take off (clothes) • (Hokkien) to take off; to remove; to take down (something to attached to something else) • (Hokkien) to snatch; to take away by force; to rob; to mug peel • peel off • strip 剝 (eum 박 (bak)) to strip • undress • to cut, trim • injure Hán-Nôm : bác • Hán-Nôm : bóc 剝
剥 ‖ 剥(はく) • (haku) peel • peel off • strip ‖ coming off, peeling off 剥
剴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹ • Middle-Chinese : koj • Middle-Chinese : ngoj scythe • suitability 剴 • (gae) · 剴 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae) 剴
剷 Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuánn (Hokkien) Alternative form of 㔊 (“thóaⁿ”) 剷 • (san) · 剷 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san) 剷
剽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu • Middle-Chinese : bjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewH intrepid • agile • frivolous • rob • pierce • to attack • plagiarize ‖ 剽(ひょう) • (hyō) ‖ a threat 剽 • (pyo) · 剽 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo) 剽
劉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru) : phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”). \ Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script. \ ;kill, slaughter \ ;battle-axe \ ;surname \ :Two origins are recorded: from 劉累 Liú Lěi, descendant of Emperor Yao and dragon-keeper of King Kong Jia of Xia; and from the Liu state (劉國) ruled by Duke Kang of Liu, younger brother of King Ding of Zhou. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû • Middle-Chinese : ljuw (obsolete) a type of battle axe • (obsolete) to kill; to slaughter • (obsolete) to conquer • (obsolete) to wither • (～國) State of Liu during the Zhou dynasty • a surname ‖ 劉(りゅう) • (Ryū) axe • kill ‖ a surname from Chinese 劉 (eumhun 죽일 류 (jugil ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 죽일 유 (jugil yu)) hanja form of 류/유 (“to kill”) Hán-Nôm : Lưu Chữ Hán form of Lưu (“a surname from Chinese.”). 劉
劑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zliːls, *ʔslel) : phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls) + semantic 刂. \ From 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls, “orderly”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsè • Middle-Chinese : tsjwe • Middle-Chinese : dzejH to trim; to prune • to adjust; to make up (a concoction); to concoct • (historical) contract for trading • small piece of dough; dough which has been kneaded • (traditional Chinese medicine) medicinal preparation; concoction • pharmaceutical preparation; medicament • dose; dosage • (chemistry) agent; reagent • Classifier for doses of medicine. 劑 (eum 제 (je)) Hán-Nôm : tễ • Hán-Nôm : xẻ 劑
劬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gju Only used in 勤劬 (qínqú). 劬 • (gu) · 劬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku) Hán-Nôm : cù 劬
励 Simplified from 勵 (厲 → 厉). encourage • inspire 励 • (ryeo) · 励 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ) 励
勁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯns, *keŋs) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Perhaps related to 強 (OC *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ, “strong”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯns, *keŋs) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Perhaps related to 強 (OC *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ, “strong”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengH powerful; strong • vigorous; with energy; lively • (Cantonese) amazing; terrific • (Cantonese) very; super ‖ vigor; energy; strength (Classifier: 股 m) • air; manner; expression (Classifier: 股 m) • interest; relish; gusto Powerful, power. 勁 (eum 경 (gyeong)) Hán-Nôm : kính • Hán-Nôm : cứng • Hán-Nôm : cánh • Hán-Nôm : kình 勁
勗 勗 • (uk) · 勗 • (uk) (hangeul 욱, revised uk, McCune–Reischauer uk) 勗
勛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun) + semantic 力. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun meritorious deed • merits • rank 勛 (eum 훈 (hun)) Hán-Nôm : huân 勛
勻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷin) : phonetic 螾 (OC *lin, *linʔ) + semantic 呂 (“two gold plates”) – a unit of weight, original form of 鈞. The phonetic component is an ancient form of 螾 (see 旬), now written 勹. The component 呂 has corrupted into 二. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ûn • Middle-Chinese : ywin equal; even • to spare; to make even • (Cantonese) thoroughly; exhaustively equal, even, uniform 勻 • (gyun, yun) · 勻 • (gyun, yun) (hangeul 균, 윤, revised gyun, yun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, yun) 勻
匍 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pôo • Middle-Chinese : bu Only used in 匍匐 (púfú). 匍 (eum 포 (po)) Hán-Nôm : bò 匍
匏 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pû • Middle-Chinese : baew gourd • one of the eight categories of musical instruments in the Chinese bayin (八音) classification system, most prominently including mouth organs gourd 匏 • (po) · 匏 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o) 匏 (bào, bầu) 匏
匐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho̍k • Middle-Chinese : bjuwk • Middle-Chinese : bok Only used in 匍匐 (púfú). crawl 匐 • (bok) · 匐 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok) 匐
匝 Originally written 帀, see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat (literary or dialectal) Classifier for circuits or circles. • (dialectal) Classifier for times, as in frequency. • (literary) to surround; to encircle • (literary) to spread all over; to reach (a limit); to complete a full cycle to go around • Classifier for circuits or circles 匝 (eum 잡 (jap)) Hán-Nôm : táp 匝
匡 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khong • Middle-Chinese : khjwang (literary) upright • to correct; to rectify • (literary) to assist • (literary) to save; to rescue • to predict; to expect • (obsolete) to lose • (historical) name of an ancient book • (historical) name of two ancient places in Henan • Alternative name for 廬山／庐山 (Lúshān). • (obsolete) shell of crabs • ^† Alternative form of 恇 (kuāng) • a surname 匡 (eum 광 (gwang)) Hán-Nôm : khuôn • Hán-Nôm : khuông 匡
匯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷrɯːlʔ, *kʰʷriːl) : semantic 匚 + phonetic 淮 (OC *ɡʷriːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Middle-Chinese : khweaj • Middle-Chinese : hwojX to flow together; to gather together; to converge • to remit (money) • (literary, or in compounds) foreign exchange; forex; FX • to collect; to gather • (literary, or in compounds) collection • (literary, or in compounds) concourse whirl, swirl 匯 (eum 회 (hoe)) Hán-Nôm : hối • Hán-Nôm : vị 匯
匱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 匚 (“cabinet”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds, “valuables”). \ ; “quecto-” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 匚 (“cabinet”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds, “valuables”). \ ; “quecto-” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī • Middle-Chinese : gwijH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH (literary) to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of • Alternative form of 簣／篑 (kuì, “basket for carrying earth”) • Alternative form of 潰／溃 (“to collapse; to be routed”) • Alternative form of 饋／馈 (kuì, “to gift”) • (Taiwan) quecto- (SI unit prefix) ‖ Original form of 櫃／柜 (guì, “cabinet; cupboard; reservoir”). 匱 (eum 궤 (gwe)) Hán-Nôm : quĩ 匱
区 ‖ 区(く) • (ku) ‖ ward, section, district 区
医 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 匸 (“that which hides; that which stores”) + 矢 (“arrow”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'ejH a tool for storing a bow and crossbow ‖ 医(い) • (i) ‖ 医(い) • (i) ‖ doctor; physician; medicine ‖ doctor • medicine, the healing arts 医 (eumhun 동개 예 (donggae ye)) ‖ 医 (eumhun 의원 의 (uiwon ui)) hanja form of 예 (“used in personal names”) • (literary Chinese) hanja form of 예 (“quiver; a tool for storing a bow and crossbow”) ‖ Alternative form of 醫 (“hanja form of 의 (“doctor”)”) 医
卅 十 (shí, “10”), repeated three times. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ aa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap thirty (archaic) thirty 卅 (eumhun 삼십 삽 (samsip sap)) · 卅 (eumhun 서른 삽 (seoreun sap)) thirty, thirtieth Hán-Nôm : tạp • Hán-Nôm : nẫm 卅
卞 Variant of 弁 (biàn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān • Middle-Chinese : bjenH law • impatient; irritable; impetuous; in a hurry • to wrestle with bare hands • (～縣) (historical) Bian County (a county in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname law • rule • rash • hasty 卞 (eum 변 (byeon)) to be impatient, in a hurry • excitable Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bèn 卞
卧 卧
卮 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ (historical) cylindrical wine vessel, often with a lid, handle, and three legs • Classifier for the volume of liquid in one zhi (goblet). 卮 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : chi 卮
卹 卹 • (hyul) · 卹 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul) 卹
卻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaɡ, *kʰaɡ) : phonetic 𧮫 () + semantic 卩. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khioh • Middle-Chinese : kjak • Middle-Chinese : khjak to withdraw; to retreat • (literary) to drive back (enemy) • to decline; to refuse • (particle placed after monosyllabic verbs) to do away with • (only sentence-medially) but; yet; however Alternative form of 却 (“instead; on the contrary”) 卻 (eum 각 (gak)) Hán-Nôm : khước 卻
厘 Variant of 釐 by omitting the top part of it. shop, store (廛) • a measure of quantity (釐); most commonly, a unit of currency equaling one-thousandth of one yen, or one-tenth of one sen 厘 • (ri, jeon) · 厘 • (ri, jeon) (hangeul 리, 전) 厘
厭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) : semantic 厂 + phonetic 猒 (OC *qem, *qems). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iàm • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemX • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemH • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià to be satisfied; to be sated • to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of • to detest; to dislike; to hate • (dialectal Wu) naughty ‖ (Hokkien) to be tired • (Hokkien, Teochew) to be fed up with; to grow bored of; to become tired of ‖ 厭(あき) • (aki) ‖ disgust • having one's fill; loss of interest 厭 (eumhun 싫어할 염 (sireohal yeom)) hanja form of 염 (“to detest”) Hán-Nôm : ướm • Hán-Nôm : yếm • Hán-Nôm : ếm • Hán-Nôm : êm • Hán-Nôm : im 厭
厲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 厂 + abbreviated phonetic 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 厂 + abbreviated phonetic 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ fierce; stern • severe; strict • ferocious • (Classical) Same as 礪／砺 (lì, “whetstone; to sharpen”). • (literary) to encourage; to urge • (literary) to raise; to exert • ^† Alternative form of 濿／𪵱 (lì, “to ford”) • a surname ‖ Same as 癩／癞 (lài). whetstone • grind • sharpen • make an effort to • leprosy 厲 (eum 려 (ryeo)) Hán-Nôm : lẹ • Hán-Nôm : lệ 厲
参 Simplified from 參, which is in turn simplified from 曑. ‖ 参(しん) • (shin) ‖ 参(しん) • (Shin) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (San) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ 参(さん) • (san) ‖ jagged, uneven • carrot, ginseng ‖ (Chinese astronomy) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions ‖ a calling, coming • (Zen Buddhism) a gathering of Zen members in meditation, preaching, and invocation ‖ check, verify • add, increase, join (a group, etc.) • go (for a specific purpose, for example) • Short for 参議院 (Sangiin): the House of Councillors (upper house of the Diet) ‖ (Chinese astronomy, rare) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions • a surname ‖ (law) Financial form of 三 (san): 3, three ‖ Alternative spelling of 三 (san): 3, three • Short for 三河国 (Mikawa-no-kuni): Mikawa Province 参
双 Duplication of 又. \ Simplified from 䨇 (elimination of 雔), which is also a variant form of 雙. \ The earliest known record can be found in Ming dynasty 《俗書刊誤》. \ The character 双 bears superficial similarity to the early form of 友 (yǒu). However, the former is not a direct descendant of the latter. ‖ 双(ふた) • (futa) ‖ 双(そう) • (sō) ‖ set of two, pair ‖ pair; double 双 (eum 쌍 (ssang)) Alternative form of 雙 canonical : 双: Hán Việt readings: song 双: Nôm readings: song • canonical : xong • canonical : rông • canonical : rong Alternative form of 雙 双
叙 Unorthodox variant simplified from 敘 (攴 → 又) found in the Tang dynasty orthographic dictionary Ganlu Zishu (干祿字書) and eventually adopted as an official form by the People's Republic of China. to confer; to narrate; to describe Hán-Nôm : tự 叙
叟 Originally 叜. Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“roof; house”) + 火 (“fire”) + 又 (“hand”) – hand holding a torch in the house – original form of 搜 (“to search”). \ Since the clerical script, the top components 宀 and 火 have merged into the unrelated 𦥔. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só • Middle-Chinese : suwX old man; old gentleman • (honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir 叟 (eum 수 (su)) Hán-Nôm : tẩu 叟
叢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zloːŋ) : semantic 丵 + phonetic 取 (OC *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *C-tsəw-k/ŋ (“to collect; to gather; to assemble”). Cognate with 聚 (OC *zloʔ, *zlos, “to collect; to store”), 族 (OC *zoːɡ, “clan”), 最 (OC *zloːds, “to collect; most”), 稯 (OC *ʔsoːŋ, “sheaf; bundle”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâng • Middle-Chinese : dzuwng to collect; to gather; to assemble; to crowd together • bush; shrub; thicket; grove • collection; crowd • (Northern Min, Southern Min) Classifier for plants. • (Hokkien) Classifier for long objects. • a surname 叢 (eum 총 (chong)) Hán-Nôm : tòng • Hán-Nôm : tùng 叢
叵 A mirror image of 可. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó • Middle-Chinese : phaX ^† Contraction of 不可 (bùkě, “cannot; to be unable to; to be impossible to”). • ^† thereupon • Used in 叵羅／叵罗 (pǒluó). cannot, be unable to 叵 (eum 파 (pa)) Hán-Nôm : phả 叵
号 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 + 丂. ‖ 号(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 号(ごう) • (-gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ number • art name ‖ ordinal marker, often with prefix 第 (used like -st, -nd, -rd, -th in English) 号 (eumhun 이름 호 (ireum ho)) Alternative form of 號 (“hanja form of 호 (“name; number”)”) 号
吊 Cantonese · Jyutping : diu³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò • Middle-Chinese : tewH to condole; to mourn; to pity • to hang • to lift up with a rope • to revoke • Classifier for strings of 1000 copper coins. • Alternative form of 屌 (diǎo, “(vulgar) penis”) 吊 (eum 적 (jeok)) Hán-Nôm : điếu condole; mourn • (obsolete) to hang 吊
吋 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ Synonym of 英寸 (yīngcùn, “inch”) ‖ to scold ‖ 吋(インチ) • (inchi) ‖ インチ: inch 吋 • (chon) · 吋 • (chon) (hangeul 촌, revised chon, McCune–Reischauer ch'on) 吋
吒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔr'aːɡs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 乇 (OC *ʔr'aːɡ). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà • Middle-Chinese : traeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tà ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa¹ braided hair ‖ Used in names of mythological characters. ‖ Used in place names. 吒 • (ta, tak) · 吒 • (ta, tak) (hangeul 타, 탁, revised ta, tak, McCune–Reischauer t'a, t'ak) Hán-Nôm : tra • Hán-Nôm : cha • Hán-Nôm : chá • Hán-Nôm : sá • Hán-Nôm : xá 吒
吳 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 夨 (“man with tilted head”) – to speak loudly. \ ; "to shout" ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gôo • Middle-Chinese : ngu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ to speak loudly; to shout • big • (historical) (～國) Wu, a state during the Western Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period • (historical) (～國) Eastern Wu, one of the Three Kingdoms • (historical) (～國) Wu, one of the Ten Kingdoms in eastern China which was in existence from 907 to 937 • the region comprising southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang • Wu; the Chinese dialects of that territory, including Suzhounese and Shanghainese • (～市) Kure (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 虞 (yú) China • to give something, to do something for someone 吳 (eumhun 성씨 오 (seongssi o)) · 吳 (eumhun 큰소리칠 화 (keunsorichil hwa)) Hán-Nôm : ngô chữ Hán form of Ngô (“a surname”). 吳
呃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːɡs, *qreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 厄 (OC *qreːɡ). ‖ Compare Zhuang ngaek (“to take advantage of someone”). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : erh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄜ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'eajH to belch • to hiccup; to hiccough • um; uh; er (An interjection said when hesitating in speech) • (onomatopoeia) chicken call ‖ (Cantonese) to deceive; to fool • (Cantonese) to swindle ‖ Used to indicate approval or shock. ‖ 呃 (eum 애 (ae)) Hán-Nôm : ách • Hán-Nôm : nhách • Hán-Nôm : ải 呃
呎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik (dated in Mainland China and Taiwan, still used in Hong Kong) Synonym of 英尺 (yīngchǐ, “foot”) • (Hong Kong) square foot foot 呎 (eum 척 (cheok)) foot Hán-Nôm : xích • Hán-Nôm : xếch 呎
呐 呐 • (nul, yeol) · 呐 • (nul, yeol) (hangeul 눌, 열, McCune–Reischauer nul, yŏl) 呐
呱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuā • Middle-Chinese : ku 呱 • (go) · 呱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko) Hán-Nôm : oa 呱
呶 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nraew to clamour 呶 • (no) · 呶 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no) 呶
呷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰraːb) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb). ‖ ‖ This orthography is influenced by Mandarin. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hap • Middle-Chinese : xaep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h to sip; to suck; to drink ‖ Alternative form of 嘎 (“to quack (like a duck)”) • Alternative form of 嘎 (“to laugh”) ‖ (chiefly Southern Min) Alternative form of 食 (“to eat; to drink; to take in”) 呷 • (hap) · 呷 • (hap) (hangeul 합) 呷
呸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 + phonetic 丕. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuì (strong, offensive) bah!; ugh! ‖ (Southern Min) to spit 呸 (eum 비 (bi)) Hán-Nôm : phi • Hán-Nôm : bậy • Hán-Nôm : phôi 呸
咀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ) : semantic 口 (“speech”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-dz(j)a-k/n/t/s (“to eat; food; to feed; rice”); cognate with Tibetan ཟ (za, “to eat”), Burmese စား (ca:, “to eat”), Chepang [script needed] (jeʔ-sa, “to eat”), Japhug ndza (“to eat”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). Possibly related to 餐 (OC *sʰaːn, “to eat; meal”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : dzjoX • Middle-Chinese : tsjoX to chew; to masticate 咀 • (jeo) · 咀 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ) Hán-Nôm : trớ 咀
咆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Middle-Chinese : baew 咆 • (po) · 咆 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o) 咆
咎 Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夊 (“foot”) + 人 (“person”). Later 口 was added, making the modern form an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 各 + 人. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiǔ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiū • Middle-Chinese : gjuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ • Middle-Chinese : kaw fault; defect; error; mistake • calamity; misfortune • to blame; to punish; to find fault ‖ Alternative form of 鼛 (gāo, “large drum”) • a surname • Alternative form of 皋 (gāo, “a surname”): fault • blame 咎 • (gu, go) · 咎 • (gu, go) (hangeul 구, 고, revised gu, go, McCune–Reischauer ku, ko) canonical : 咎: Hán Việt readings: cữu 咎
咚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung¹ (onomatopoeia) ratatat (sound of a drum or repeated hits) • (onomatopoeia) boom; thump; thud (sound of a drum or something falling) 咚
咦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hril) : semantic 口 + phonetic 夷 (OC *lil). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hril) : semantic 口 + phonetic 夷 (OC *lil). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Middle-Chinese : xjij An interjection used to express confusion. huh? • (Cantonese) Expression of disgust. ew ‖ smiling 咦 • (i, jae) · 咦 • (i, jae) (hangeul 이, 재, revised i, jae, McCune–Reischauer i, chae) Hán-Nôm : gì • Hán-Nôm : di • Hán-Nôm : ri 咦
咧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; speech”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red). ‖ ‖ ‖ See 佇咧. ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le² • Cantonese · Jyutping : le¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : le⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : teh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --le ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē To grimace ‖ to draw back the corners of one's mouth ‖ (dialectal) ‖ (Southern Min) in the process of; currently (placed before the verb) • (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) in; at; on (placed after verbs indicating a change of location or position) • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try ‖ Sentence-final particle signalling emphasis of the preceding words. • Sentence-final interrogative particle used to express doubt. ‖ (Tong'an Hokkien) to joke; to kid; to make a joke; to joke around 咧 • (ryeol) · 咧 • (ryeol) (hangeul 렬) Hán-Nôm : lác • Hán-Nôm : sẹt • Hán-Nôm : liệt • Hán-Nôm : sèn • Hán-Nôm : xẹt 咧
咫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kljeʔ) : semantic 尺 (“ruler; measuring stick”) + phonetic 只 (OC *klje, *kljeʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí • Middle-Chinese : tsyeX unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight cun/tsun (寸) • few; little • short ‖ 咫(あた) • (ata) ‖ 咫(た) • (ta) ‖ 咫(し) • (shi) ‖ (historical, archaic) roughly corresponds to the hand (traditional unit of length; in Japan, described as originally the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the middle finger (or possibly index finger) with the hand outstretched, often defined as eight 寸 (sun, “traditional inch”) or roughly 18cm) ‖ (historical, archaic) roughly corresponds to the hand (traditional unit of length; in Japan, described as originally the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the middle finger (or possibly index finger) with the hand outstretched, often defined as eight 寸 (sun, “traditional inch”) or roughly 18cm) ‖ (historical, archaic) roughly corresponds to the hand (traditional unit of length; in Japan, described as originally the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the middle finger (or possibly index finger) with the hand outstretched, often defined as eight 寸 (sun, “traditional inch”) or roughly 18cm) canonical : 咫: Hán Việt readings: chỉ 咫: Nôm readings: chỉ 咫
咯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Contraction of 咯樣／咯样 ‖ Contraction of 咯一 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄛ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ ‖ ‖ ‖ to expel from the throat • an interjection, the sound of coughing ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) Sentence-final particle indicating that something is obvious. ‖ Used in 咯噠／咯哒. • an interjection, the sound of coughing, chicken's clucking, etc. • (Hokkien) sound of hens clucking • (Mainland China Hokkien) sound of swallowing • (Mainland China Hokkien) to take a big gulp quickly ‖ Only used in 吡咯 (bǐluò). ‖ (Xiang) this ‖ (Xiang) so; such ‖ (Xiang) this 咯 • (gak) · 咯 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune–Reischauer kak) 咯
咻 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiu • Middle-Chinese : xjuw • Middle-Chinese : xjuX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ ‖ (Cantonese, archaic) Alternative form of 嘵／哓 (“perfective aspect particle”) 咻 • (hyu) · 咻 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu) Hán-Nôm : hưu • Hán-Nôm : hiu 咻
哂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hjɯnʔ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 西 (OC *sɯːl) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can² • Middle-Chinese : syinX to smile • to laugh at, sneer at 哂 • (sin) · 哂 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin) Hán-Nôm : thẩn 哂
唇 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ terrified ‖ sound of fear; trembling ‖ 唇(くちびる) • (kuchibiru) lip ‖ lips 唇 • (jin) · 唇 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin) Hán-Nôm : thần • Hán-Nôm : chấn • Hán-Nôm : thuấn • Hán-Nôm : chuấn • Hán-Nôm : chuần • Hán-Nôm : truần • Hán-Nôm : truấn • Hán-Nôm : suấn • Hán-Nôm : suần • Hán-Nôm : sươn • Hán-Nôm : sun • Hán-Nôm : chúm • Hán-Nôm : chún 唇
唔 Belongs to the *m- series of negatives; see 無 (OC *ma, “no”) for more. Cognate with the syllabic negative 毋 (m̄, m̀) in Hokkien and Hakka. ‖ ‖ Onomatopoeic. ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : m⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ (Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) not (negator) ‖ Used to express agreement or permission: mhm; uh-huh • Used to express surprise. • Alternative form of 嗯: Used to express doubt. • (Cantonese) Used to express hesitation or thinking: hmm ‖ Only used in 咿唔 (yīwú, “sound of recitation”). ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 寤 (wù, “to wake”) reading voice 唔 • (o) · 唔 • (o) (hangeul 오) Hán-Nôm : ngô 唔
唳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let cry • honking of birds • droning of cicadas 唳 • (ryeo) · 唳 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ) cry of bird • cry 唳
唷 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó A particle used to express surprise or query ‖ (Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) Emphatic final particle used to make requests 唷 • (yuk) · 唷 • (yuk) (hangeul 육, revised yuk, McCune–Reischauer yuk) 唷
唸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯːms, *tɯːns) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms, “to read”). groan, roar 唸 • (jeom, jeon) · 唸 • (jeom, jeon) (hangeul 점, 전, revised jeom, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, chŏn) Hán-Nôm : nếm • Hán-Nôm : điếm • Hán-Nôm : điệm • Hán-Nôm : niệm 唸
啓 ‖ 啓(けい) • (Kei) ‖ 啓(けい) • (kei) ‖ a male given name ‖ disclose, open, say 啓 (eumhun 열 계 (yeol gye)) hanja form of 계 (“open, begin”) Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : kiết 啓
啕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : daw to wail 啕 • (do) · 啕 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to) 啕
啖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam • Middle-Chinese : damX • Middle-Chinese : damH to eat; to dine • to feed (someone/something) • to entice with the promise of profits; to lure with money • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua) Classifier for mouthfuls of things (water, rice, etc.) • (Cantonese) Classifier for kisses. 啖 • (dam) · 啖 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam) Hán-Nôm : dạm • Hán-Nôm : đạm • Hán-Nôm : giảm 啖
啜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *djods, *tod, *tʰjod, *djod) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod). \ Possibly related to 噆 (OC *ʔsluːb, “(of a mosquito) to bite”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsherh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuat • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH • Middle-Chinese : dzywejH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwet • Middle-Chinese : dzywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : trjwet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Tshè (literary or dialectal) to taste; to eat; to drink; to sip • (Cantonese) to suck • (Cantonese) to kiss • (Cantonese) to stick to (a surface); to be stuck on • (literary) thick soup • (literary) to sob; to weep • (Hakka) Alternative form of 撮 (cod⁵) to cheat; to deceive; to hoax ‖ ^‡ to be talkative; to nag ‖ a surname 啜 • (cheol) · 啜 • (cheol) (hangeul 철) 啜
啞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亞 (OC *qraːɡs). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔa (“mute”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : é • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : á • Middle-Chinese : 'aeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik • Middle-Chinese : 'aek • Middle-Chinese : 'eak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a • Middle-Chinese : 'aeH mute; dumb (unable to speak) • speechless; without sound • hoarse • (of a shell, bomb, etc.) to fail to explode; (of a firearm) to fail to fire ‖ (onomatopoeia) laughter; sound of laughing ‖ Alternative form of 呀 • (onomatopoeia) The sound of cawing. • (onomatopoeia) The sound of a child learning to speak. ‖ Kyūjitai form of 唖 ‖ 啞 • (a) · 啞 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a) Hán-Nôm : á • Hán-Nôm : ạ • Hán-Nôm : ớ • Hán-Nôm : dạ 啞
啟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khé • Middle-Chinese : khejX to open • to enlighten; to educate; to inspire • to start; to begin; to commence • to inform; to state; to explain • note; short letter • (Chinese mythology) Qi of Xia (second king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty) • Short for 啟示錄／启示录 (Qǐshìlù, “Revelation”). • a surname 啟 • (gye) · 啟 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye) Hán-Nôm : khải • Hán-Nôm : khơi • Hán-Nôm : khui 啟
啣 啣 • (ham) · 啣 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham) 啣
啥 Probably a fusion of 什麼／什么 (shénme) (Lü, 1985). Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siannh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sannh (colloquial, dialectal Mandarin, Southern Min, Wu) what what (variant of 舍) Hán-Nôm : sá 啥
啻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : syeH only; just • Original form of 啇 (dì). • Alternative form of 適／适 啻 • (si) · 啻 • (si) (hangeul 시) 啻
啾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjuw (onomatopoeia) waa (wailing of a child) • (onomatopoeia) chirp (of a bird) • (onomatopoeia) chu (sound of a kiss) 啾 • (chu) · 啾 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u) Hán-Nôm : thu • Hán-Nôm : tu 啾
喀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰraːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 客 (OC *kʰraːɡ). \ Onomatopoeic; compare English hack. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaa³ • Middle-Chinese : khaek (onomatopoeia) noise made in coughing or vomiting • Used in transliterations. 喀 • (gaek) · 喀 • (gaek) (hangeul 객, revised gaek, McCune–Reischauer kaek, Yale kayk) Hán-Nôm : khách • Hán-Nôm : ca 喀
喃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnuːm) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 南 (OC *nuːm). ‖ ‖ ‖ From Vietnamese 喃 (Nôm), in turn from Chinese 南 (“south”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nream ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naam⁴ (onomatopoeia) Used in 喃喃 (nánnán). • (onomatopoeia) Used in 呢喃 (nínán). ‖ Only used in 噆喃. ‖ (Southwestern Mandarin) Interrogative particle, equivalent to 呢 (ne) in Standard Chinese. ‖ (of or relating to) chữ Nôm ‖ Used in transcription. 喃 • (nam) · 喃 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam) Hán-Nôm : nam • Hán-Nôm : nẩm • Hán-Nôm : Nôm common speech 喃
喋 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draep talking endlessly; talkative ‖ bleeding ‖ mouth opening and closing; sucking talk, chat, chatter 喋 • (cheop, jap) · 喋 • (cheop, jap) (hangeul 첩, 잡, revised cheop, jap, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, chap) Hán-Nôm : nhịp 喋
喔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ok¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngak¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ooh the sound of a chicken: cluck ‖ Particle conveying realization. 喔 • (ak) · 喔 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak) Hán-Nôm : ác • Hán-Nôm : ộc • Hán-Nôm : ọt • Hán-Nôm : ốc • Hán-Nôm : ủ 喔
喟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : khwijH • Middle-Chinese : khweajH (literary) to heave a sigh; to sigh sigh 喟 • (wi, goe) · 喟 • (wi, goe) (hangeul 위, 괴, revised wi, goe, McCune–Reischauer wi, koe, Yale wi, koy) Hán-Nôm : vị 喟
喬 Ideogram (指事) – a differentiated form (分化字) of 高 (OC *kaːw, “high, tall”), with a differentiating marker, which was variously a stroke, 屮, 止, 力, 九, or 夭. \ Based on the 夭 form, only attested starting from the Han dynasty (Chi, 2010), Shuowen erroneously interprets 夭 as a semantic component meaning “to bend” and treats the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . \ Cognate with 憍 (OC *krew, “to lift the head”), 驕 (OC *krew, “proud”), 撟 (OC *krewʔ, “to lift”), 嶠 (OC *ɡrews, “peak”); 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) and 蹻 (OC *krewʔ, “martial; vigorous”) could be allofams (Schuessler, 2007). \ Sagart (2017b) compares this word to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “to elevate; to exalt; to increase”) and Jingpho shagrau (“to exalt”). He also considers 鷮 (OC *krew, *ɡrew, “a kind of pheasant (with a long tail and feathers used for ornaments)”) to be related, comparing it to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he suggests is derived from the verb. ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Originally Hokkien 撨 (chhiâu). ‖ Transliteration of English names. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : kjew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ tall; lofty • section on the shaft of a spear near the spearhead for hanging a feather • a surname ‖ to pretend; to feign; to disguise • (archaic, derogatory) bad; vile; crafty; fake; stupid; cowardly; useless • (archaic) headstrong and easily angered ‖ Alternative form of 驕／骄 (jiāo, “proud; arrogant”) ‖ Only used in 喬詰／乔诘. ‖ (Hokkien) to make things difficult for ‖ (Hokkien, Taiwanese Mandarin) to discuss; to negotiate; to coordinate ‖ Joe (English given name) • Joel (English given name) high • boasting 喬 • (gyo) · 喬 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo) Hán-Nôm : kiều 喬
喱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei¹ grain (unit) Hán-Nôm : li 喱
喲 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄡ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jo¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄧㄡ An interjection used when surprised. ‖ A particle used at the end of phrases where there is a pause. 喲 • (yak) · 喲 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak) Hán-Nôm : ước • Hán-Nôm : dục 喲
嗆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiùnn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshngh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshn̍gh to choke (due to swallowing the wrong way) ‖ to irritate the respiratory organs, especially the nose (of smoke or odor) • (Taiwan) to shout at somebody; to speak out against somebody ‖ (Hokkien) to sniffle; to snuffle; to snort (especially outwards rather than inwards when the nose is stuffed) • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sob incessantly 嗆 • (chang) · 嗆 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang) Hán-Nôm : sang 嗆
嗇 Characters in the same phonetic series (嗇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 來 + 㐭. ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · to reap • Original form of 穡／穑 (sè). · farming; farm labour ‖ (obsolete) to cherish • (obsolete) to save; to conserve; to not waste • miserly; thrifty; stingy • (obsolete) to covet • (obsolete) to lack; to be insufficient • (rare) to have a poor harvest • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) silent and not speaking; not disclosing anything • ：佯嗇嗇／佯啬啬 [Hokkien] ― tèⁿ sek sek [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to pretend not to know • a surname ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 濇／涩 (sè, “not smooth; not flowing”) lowly • the country • the countryside • be countrified 嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) · 嗇 • (akkil saek/geodul saek) (hangeul 아낄 색/거둘 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek) miserly, thrifty, stingy • stopped up, constipated Hán-Nôm : sắc 嗇
嗎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ From 無 (OC *ma, “not”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ For Philippine Hokkien 嗎／吗 (--ba), it is borrowed from Tagalog ba (interrogative particle). ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ma • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --ba ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊㄦ Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions. ‖ Used as a phonetic character. ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) what 嗎 • (ma) · 嗎 • (ma) (hangeul 마) Hán-Nôm : mửa • Hán-Nôm : ma • Hán-Nôm : mớ • Hán-Nôm : mạ • Hán-Nôm : mắng • Hán-Nôm : mỉa • Hán-Nôm : mứa • Hán-Nôm : mựa 嗎
嗑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hap • Middle-Chinese : kap to crack between the teeth • to talk; to gab • Alternative form of 喝 eat seeds • reproach • loquacious eat seeds • reproach • loquacious Hán-Nôm : hạp 嗑
嗟 In Small Seal Script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsljal) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral) (𧪘). In Regular Script, 言 (yán) became 口 (kǒu). ‖ In Small Seal Script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsljal) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral) (𧪘). In Regular Script, 言 (yán) became 口 (kǒu). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ (literary) sigh; alas ‖ Only used in 咄嗟 (duōjiē, “in a short time”). ‖ 嗟(ああ) or 嗟(アー) • (ā) ‖ Alternative form of アー 嗟 • (cha) · 嗟 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a) Hán-Nôm : ta • Hán-Nôm : xơi 嗟
嗤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 蚩 (OC *tʰjɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhi to laugh at; to jeer; to sneer laugh • ridicule, mock, make fun of 嗤 • (chi) · 嗤 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i) Hán-Nôm : si • Hán-Nôm : suy • Hán-Nôm : xỉ 嗤
嗥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ howl (like a wolf); wail Hán-Nôm : hào 嗥
嗦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so Used in 哆嗦 (duōsuo). • Used in 囉嗦／啰嗦 (luōsuo). • Used in 嗦嗦. • (Guangxi Mandarin) to eat (rice noodles, luosifen, etc.) Hán-Nôm : sách 嗦
嗨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; speech”) + phonetic 海 (OC *hmlɯːʔ) ‖ From English hi. ‖ From English high. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hài ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai¹ Alternative form of 咳 (hāi) ‖ (colloquial) hi; hey ‖ (colloquial) to get high on • (colloquial) to be exhilarated; to have fun (not necessarily under the influence of alcohol or recreational drugs) 嗨
嗯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 恩. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㆭˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄯˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄥ Used as an interjection to express doubt or curiosity. ‖ Used as an interjection to express surprise. ‖ Used as an interjection to express agreement or pledge. • Alternative form of 硬 (yìng) ‖ (onomatopoeia) A groaning sound. 嗯
嗷 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋəw Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngaw (onomatopoeia) sound of wailing • clamor 嗷 • (o) · 嗷 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o) Hán-Nôm : ngao • Hán-Nôm : ngào • Hán-Nôm : ngoao 嗷
嗾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : suwX • Middle-Chinese : suwH • Middle-Chinese : tshuwH urge on, incite 嗾 • (ju) · 嗾 • (ju) (hangeul 주) Hán-Nôm : thốc 嗾
嘆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thàn • Middle-Chinese : than • Middle-Chinese : thanH to sigh • (literary or in compounds) to chant • (literary or in compounds) to praise; to exclaim in admiration • (grammar) Short for 嘆詞／叹词 (tàncí, “interjection”). • (Cantonese) to enjoy ‖ 嘆(たん) • (tan) to sigh • to lament • to moan • to grieve ‖ sigh 嘆 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan)) Alternative form of 歎 (“hanja form of 탄 (“sigh”)”) canonical : 嘆: Hán Việt readings: thán • canonical : than 嘆: Nôm readings: than • canonical : han • canonical : thán • canonical : thăn • canonical : hớn • canonical : hen • canonical : thơn Nôm form of than (“to complain”). 嘆
嘈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zluː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 曹 (OC *zluː) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô • Middle-Chinese : dzaw noisy • (Cantonese) to make noise; to annoy by making noise • (Cantonese) to quarrel; to argue • (Cantonese) to complain; to make a fuss to make noise; to buzz 嘈 (eumhun 들렐 조 (deullel jo)) to make noise • noisy • talking voice Hán-Nôm : tào 嘈
嘍 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Middle-Chinese : luwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : loo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³ Only used in 嗹嘍／𪡏喽. ‖ Used in 嘍囉／喽啰 (lóuluó). • Used in 吐嘍／吐喽. ‖ used in onomatopoetic expressions ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 摟／搂 (lau3) 嘍 (eum 루 (ru)) Hán-Nôm : lâu • Hán-Nôm : làu 嘍
嘔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ Ultimately onomatopoeic (Schuessler, 2007). \ STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔaw (“to vomit”), comparing it to Burmese အော့ (au.). \ Alternatively, it may be cognate with Tibetan སྐྱུག (skyug) (Schuessler, 2007) and Japhug qioʁ (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : óo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Middle-Chinese : 'uwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'uw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄡ to vomit ‖ Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”) • (onomatopoeia) Used to describe orchestral music, cooing, etc. ‖ to make someone angry • to become angry ‖ (literary) affable; kind • (literary) to exhale air to warm something up ‖ (obsolete) the sound of anger ‖ An informal greeting. ‖ vomit ‖ 嘔 • (gu, hu) · 嘔 • (gu, hu) (hangeul 구, 후, revised gu, hu, McCune–Reischauer ku, hu) Hán-Nôm : ẩu • Hán-Nôm : xua • Hán-Nôm : ẫu 嘔
嘖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsraek • Middle-Chinese : dzreak • Middle-Chinese : tsreak ‖ (literary) to argue • (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of tongue clicking; tut; tsk 嘖 • (chaek) · 嘖 • (chaek) (hangeul 책, revised chaek, McCune–Reischauer ch'aek) Hán-Nôm : chép • Hán-Nôm : trách 嘖
嘟 ‖ ‖ Onomatopoeic. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyut¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : too • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu Only used in 嘟囔 (dūnang). ‖ (regional, colloquial) to pout; to pucker up ‖ (of a car) to honk; to beep • (Cantonese, onomatopeia) beep sound • (Cantonese, euphemistic) bleep (as a replacement of any profanity) • (Cantonese) to tap a card; to swipe a card • (Cantonese, computing) to scan 嘟 • (do) · 嘟 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to) Hán-Nôm : đua • Hán-Nôm : đùa • Hán-Nôm : đô 嘟
嘩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 華 (OC *qʰʷraː, *ɡʷraː, *ɡʷraːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Middle-Chinese : xwae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hua ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : waa³ to make noise; to be noisy; to be uproarious ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of flowing or gurgling water • (onomatopoeia) thump; clang; sound of crashing ‖ (Southern Min) to joke around; to laugh and play • (Southern Min) to make noise; to bustle ‖ (Cantonese) wow!; whoa! (used to express surprise or admiration) noisy 嘩 • (hwa) · 嘩 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa) Hán-Nôm : hoa 嘩
嘮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːw, *hr'aːw) : semantic 口 + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --lo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Middle-Chinese : trhaew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ to nag; to talk on and on; to chatter ‖ (dialectal) to talk; to chat ‖ Only used in 嘮呶／唠呶 (“to be noisy”). ‖ Alternative form of 詨／𰵦 (xiào, “sound of interjection”) 嘮 • (cho) · 嘮 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o) Hán-Nôm : lao 嘮
嘯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːwɢs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàu • Middle-Chinese : sewH to whistle • to howl; to roar; to scream; to cry • (Taoism) type of breathing exercise involving vocalizations ‖ 嘯(うそ) • (uso) ‖ 嘯(うそふき) • (usofuki) ‖ 嘯(うそぶき) • (usobuki) to whistle ‖ (archaic, possibly obsolete) a whistle (sound), a whistling sound ‖ the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”) ‖ whistling, making a whistling sound 嘯 • (so) · 嘯 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so) roar, howl, scream • whistle Hán-Nôm : khiếu 嘯
嘰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j to eat a little • to sigh • An onomatopoeia. 嘰 • (gi) · 嘰 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki) Hán-Nôm : kí 嘰
嘱 entrust • request 嘱 • (chok) · 嘱 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok) Hán-Nôm : chúc 嘱
噎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːɡ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 壹 (OC *qlid). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Middle-Chinese : 'et to choke • to breathe against the wind with difficulty • burp; belch • (dialectal) to render somebody speechless by saying something blunt or rule • (literary) to block; to obstruct choke • smother 噎 • (yeol) · 噎 • (yeol) (hangeul 열, revised yeol, McCune–Reischauer yŏl) Hán-Nôm : ế • Hán-Nôm : nhắc • Hán-Nôm : nhắt • Hán-Nôm : nhốt 噎
噓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰa, *qʰas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) – to exhale, blow out from the mouth. Note that 虛／虚 (xū) means empty, void, hence connotations of “empty via the mouth”. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjo • Middle-Chinese : xjoH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoe¹ to slowly exhale • to sigh; to lament • to praise; to flatter • to heat by steam or fire ‖ (Mandarin, interjection) hush! shh! ‖ hooting; boo; disapproval sound • to boo ‖ lie, falsehood ‖ 噓 • (heo) · 噓 • (heo) (hangeul 허, revised heo, McCune–Reischauer hŏ) Hán-Nôm : hờ • Hán-Nôm : hư 噓
噗 Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 菐 (pú). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍k (onomatopoeia) the sound of sudden laughter, outgassing, the release of liquid or gas generally, etc. 噗
噙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam⁴ Hán-Nôm : gầm 噙
噢 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Middle-Chinese : 'juX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Middle-Chinese : 'juwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ ‖ Only used in 噢咻. ‖ Only used in 噢咿. ‖ interjection for pain, sadness; realization: "Oh!" ‖ Sentence-final particle used to indicate a monishing tone. • Sentence-final particle used to indicate an informative tone. 噢 • (uk, u) · 噢 • (uk, u) (hangeul 욱, 우) Hán-Nôm : úc • Hán-Nôm : ủ • Hán-Nôm : ục 噢
噤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìm • Middle-Chinese : gimX • Middle-Chinese : gimH to close one's mouth and be silent; to be unable to speak • to shiver, to tremble shut up 噤 • (geum) · 噤 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune–Reischauer kŭm) close • be silent, be unable speak Hán-Nôm : gặm 噤
噥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnuːŋ, *nuːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 農 (OC *nuːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nowng • Middle-Chinese : nraewng 噥 (eum 농 (nong)) Hán-Nôm : nũng 噥
噫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯːɡs, *qɯ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'i ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'eajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ (Classical) alas; sigh (expressing regret or grief) • huh; wow; eh (expressing surprise or wonder) ‖ to belch; to burp • (obsolete) to exhale; to blow ‖ Alternative form of 抑 (yì, “but; however”) ‖ exclamation • burp, belch ‖ 噫 (eumhun 한숨 쉴 희 (hansum swil hui)) ‖ 噫 (eumhun 트림할 애 (teurimhal ae)) hanja form of 희 (“to sigh; to groan”) • (literary) hanja form of 희 (“alas (expressing regret or surprise)”) ‖ hanja form of 애 (“to belch; to burp”) Hán-Nôm : y 噫
噬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djads) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads). \ Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Middle-Chinese : dzyejH to bite; to gnaw 噬 • (seo) · 噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ) Hán-Nôm : phè 噬
噯 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ An interjection expressing disagreement or negation. • Synonym of 噯氣／嗳气 (ǎiqì, “to belch; to burp”) ‖ An interjection expressing annoyance or regret. 噯 • (ae) · 噯 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae) Hán-Nôm : áy 噯
噱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Middle-Chinese : gjak 噱 • (gyak) · 噱 • (gyak) (hangeul 갹, revised gyak, McCune–Reischauer kyak) Hán-Nôm : cược • Hán-Nôm : hước • Hán-Nôm : hược 噱
噸 Borrowed from English ton. For Taiwanese Hokkien tòng, via Japanese トン (ton). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng Classifier for metric ton. • Classifier for ton; tonne. • Classifier for registered ton. ‖ 噸(とん) or 噸(トン) • (ton) ‖ トン: ton 噸 • (ton) · 噸 • (ton) (hangeul 톤, McCune–Reischauer t'on) Hán-Nôm : đốn 噸
噹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang the sound of bells 噹
嚀 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Middle-Chinese : neng ‖ to enjoin ‖ (Taishanese) that • (Taishanese) there 嚀 • (nyeong) · 嚀 • (nyeong) (hangeul 녕, revised nyeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng) Hán-Nôm : ninh 嚀
嚅 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nyu Used in compounds. 嚅 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : nheo 嚅
嚏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 疐 (OC *tiːɡs, *tiɡs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè • Middle-Chinese : tejH to sneeze sneeze 嚏 • (che) · 嚏 • (che) (hangeul 체, revised che, McCune–Reischauer ch'e) Hán-Nôm : xì 嚏
嚕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 魯 (OC *raːʔ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lu³ Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate relief due to change of state. • (Cantonese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate disappointment due to change of state. 嚕 • (ro) · 嚕 • (ro) (hangeul 로, revised ro, McCune–Reischauer ro) Hán-Nôm : lỗ • Hán-Nôm : rủa • Hán-Nôm : sủa • Hán-Nôm : ruả 嚕
嚥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeːns) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 燕 (OC *qeːn, *qeːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³ • Middle-Chinese : 'enH to swallow swallow, gulp 嚥 • (yeon) · 嚥 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn) Hán-Nôm : yết • Hán-Nôm : en • Hán-Nôm : ẻn 嚥
嚨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng Used in compounds. throat 嚨 • (rong) · 嚨 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong) throat Hán-Nôm : lùng 嚨
嚮 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ • Middle-Chinese : xjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng² • Middle-Chinese : xjangX to turn toward; to approach • toward; facing; against • direction, side, face • to look out on • in the past; previously ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 享 • (obsolete) Alternative form of 響／响 guide, lead • favor, prefer 嚮 • (hyang) · 嚮 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang) Hán-Nôm : hướng • Hán-Nôm : hưởng 嚮
嚶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'eang (onomatopoeia) the call of a bird chirping • birds singing together 嚶 • (aeng) · 嚶 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng) Hán-Nôm : inh 嚶
囀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tons) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 轉 (OC *tonʔ, *tons). \ Onomatopoetic. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Middle-Chinese : trjwenH (of birds) to sing, to chirp, to warble, to twitter 囀 • (jeon) · 囀 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn) Hán-Nôm : chuyển 囀
囁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap • Middle-Chinese : nyep • Middle-Chinese : tsyep soft unclear voice • move the mouth as in speaking; to chatter • hesitation • (Hokkien) to talk bad behind one's back; to chatter; to have words; to speak recklessly; to fabricate slander To murmur or mumble, To whisper 囁 (eum 섭 (seop)) · 囁 (eum 엽 (yeop)) Hán-Nôm : chiếp • Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : niếp 囁
囂 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㗊 (“four mouths; to clamor”) + 頁 (“head”) – a clamoring crowd. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㗊 (“four mouths; to clamor”) + 頁 (“head”) – a clamoring crowd. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hau ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ to be loud; to be noisy; to clamor • arrogant ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 隞 (Áo, “Ao (capital of the Shang Dynasty)”) Noisy, talking loudly without thinking about people around you. 囂 • (hyo) · 囂 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo) clamorous, noisy Hán-Nôm : hiu 囂
囈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngjiejH to talk in one's sleep; to sleeptalk 囈 (eum 예 (ye)) Hán-Nôm : nghệ 囈
囉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl). ‖ ‖ ‖ Borrowed from English gross (Cheung, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄌㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lō • Middle-Chinese : la ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lo¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : --loo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : --looh annoying; noisy • to nag; to argue; to prattle; to chatter • Used in medieval Buddhist texts to transcribe the Sanskrit syllable ra. ‖ Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); indicates that a suggestion or conclusion should be obvious. • Normally used with 咪 (mai⁶); connects a condition to a result or suggestion. • Statement-final particle used to express impatience or vexation. • Statement-final particle used to invite agreement or sympathy. ‖ (Cantonese) buttocks (Classifier: 個／个 c) ‖ (Cantonese) gross (twelve dozen, 144) ‖ (Hokkien) already; now (final perfective particle expressing completion) 囉 • (ra) · 囉 • (ra) (hangeul 라, revised ra, McCune–Reischauer ra) Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : ra 囉
囌 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ Only used in 嚕囌／噜苏 (lūsū). Hán-Nôm : tô 囌
囑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoɡ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 屬 (OC *tjoɡ, *djoɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Middle-Chinese : tsyowk to enjoin; to urge; to instruct • to entrust; to put into the care of; to request • words of enjoinment; advice; testament 囑 • (chok) · 囑 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok) Hán-Nôm : chúc 囑
囱 囱 • (chong, chang) · 囱 • (chong, chang) (hangeul 총, 창, revised chong, chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ch'ang) Hán-Nôm : song 囱
国 Simplified from 國 (或 → 玉). Also compare 囯, an unorthodox variant of 國 that contains 王 (“king”) instead of 玉 (“jade”). ‖ 国(くに) • (kuni) ‖ 国(こく) • (koku) ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state • the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state • a province of ancient Japan • the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan • one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home ‖ a land, a large place • a country in general, a region • a country as in a nation, a state Alternative form of 國 (“hanja form of 국 (“country; state; nation; land”)”) canonical : 国: Hán Việt readings: quốc 国: Nôm readings: quốc Alternative form of 國 (“chữ Hán form of quốc (“(only in compounds) nation; state; country”).”) 国
圬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'u plaster over with layer of mud 圬 (eum 오 (o)) trowel Hán-Nôm : hũ 圬
圭 Pictogram (象形) : 土 + 土 – stack of (clay, jade) tablets. Duplication of 土. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui • Middle-Chinese : kwej jade pointed at top • (historical) jade tablet used by officials when addressing the emperor in court • (historical) gui (type of ancient Chinese sundial) • a surname ‖ 圭(けい) • (Kei) square jewel • corner • angle • edge ‖ a unisex given name 圭 (eum 규 (gyu)) jade pointed at top Hán-Nôm : quê • Hán-Nôm : khoai • Hán-Nôm : khuê • Hán-Nôm : que 圭
圯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯ) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 巳 (OC *ljɯʔ, *lɯs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yi bridge canonical : 圯: Hán Việt readings: di 圯: Nôm readings: dãy • canonical : dẻ • canonical : dẽ • canonical : dĩ 圯
圳 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ furrow in a field; small drainage in a field ‖ Only used in 深圳 (Shēnzhèn). ‖ The meaning of this term is uncertain. 圳 • (su, cheon) · 圳 • (su, cheon) (hangeul 수, 천, revised su, cheon, McCune–Reischauer su, ch'ŏn) Used in placename (See 深圳) • Note: the pronunciation 수(su), which is attested as standard in most of Korean hanja dictionaries, is reconstructed from Fanqie, whereas 천(cheon) is derived from the modern Chinese pronunciation. As this hanja is not used in common Sino-Korean words, 천 is used in most of Korean dialogues and documents. 圳
坍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 丹 (OC *taːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ to collapse; to topple 坍 (eum 담 (dam)) canonical : 坍: Nôm readings: đàn • canonical : than 坍
坩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːm, *kʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːm, *kʰaːm) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khann • Middle-Chinese : kham ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ earthenware ‖ Only used in 坩堝／坩埚 (gānguō). jar, pot 坩 • (gam) · 坩 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam) earthenware, earthenware vessel Hán-Nôm : cam 坩
坼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ) : semantic 图 (“hand”) + phonetic 斥 (OC *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak³ ^† to crack; to break open • ^† to sprout; to blossom split • tear • open 坼 • (tak) · 坼 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak) split • open Hán-Nôm : sách 坼
垠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gûn • Middle-Chinese : ngin • Middle-Chinese : ngj+n • Middle-Chinese : ngon boundary; limit • dike; riverbank; raised border limit • boundary 垠 • (eun) · 垠 • (eun) (hangeul 은) boundary • bank of stream or river Hán-Nôm : hằn • Hán-Nôm : ngăn • Hán-Nôm : ngấn • Hán-Nôm : ngân • Hán-Nôm : ngần 垠
埂 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg • Middle-Chinese : kaeng • Middle-Chinese : kaengX ‖ low bank of earth between fields; earth dyke ‖ (Lichuan Gan) to argue; to quarrel Hán-Nôm : ghềnh 埂
埔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甫. ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo (Hakka, Southern Min) plain; flatland • Used in place names. ‖ Used in 黃埔／黄埔 (Huángpǔ). ‖ Alternative form of 埠 (“wharf”) • Used in place names. • (Hong Kong) Short for 大埔 (Dàbù, “Tai Po”). ‖ Used in 查埔 (cha-po͘, “man”). ‖ Used in 柬埔寨 (Jiǎnpǔzhài). Hán-Nôm : bộ 埔
堕 Simplified from 墮 (elimination of 工). to degenerate • to descend to • to lapse into 堕
堯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːw) : phonetic 垚 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 兀 (“towering and bald”). Also an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 垚 (“tall (of earth)”) + 兀 (“towering and bald”). \ The oracle bone script consists of two 土 (“soil; earth”) at the top and one 兀 at the bottom. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâu • Middle-Chinese : ngew ^‡ lofty; high • Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China • a surname • (Mainland China) yotta- (SI unit prefix) high • far 堯 • (yo) · 堯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo) Hán-Nôm : nghiêu • Hán-Nôm : nghẻo • Hán-Nôm : nghễu • Hán-Nôm : nhao • Hán-Nôm : nhiều 堯
塢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːʔ, *qaːs) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 烏 (OC *qaː) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Middle-Chinese : 'uX (literary) castle or obstruction that provides protection • (literary) small market town • hollow; place with elevated surroundings and a depressed center • structure with high sides to keep the wind out (e.g. a dock) Alternative form of 隖 塢 • (o) · 塢 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o) Hán-Nôm : ổ • Hán-Nôm : ọ • Hán-Nôm : ủ • Hán-Nôm : ụ 塢
塵 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鹿 (“deer”) + 土 (“soil, dust”) – cloud of dust produced by a (group of) running deer. Ancient simplification of 𪋻, which pictures three deer on top instead of one. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dul ~ r-tul (“dust”). Cognate with Tibetan རྡུལ (rdul, “dust, particle”). Cantonese · Jyutping : can⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thûn • Middle-Chinese : drin dust; dirt; ashes; cinders • to be streaked with dirt; to become stained • trace; footprint • (figurative) dirty thing • (figurative) war; warfare • (Buddhism) this world; mundane world; this mortal life • (Buddhism) the number billionth (10⁻⁹) • for a long time • a surname ‖ 塵(ちり) • (chiri) ‖ 塵(じん) • (jin) ^(←ぢん (din)?) ‖ dust ‖ (Buddhism) impurity • one billionth 塵 • (jin) · 塵 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin) Hán-Nôm : trần • Hán-Nôm : chần 塵
塹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Middle-Chinese : tshjemH A deep pit or trench, especially a city moat • A natural barrier • A rift valley 塹 • (cham) · 塹 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am) Hán-Nôm : khiếm 塹
墀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : drij 墀 • (ji) · 墀 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi) Hán-Nôm : trì 墀
墊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”). \ ; "to pay in advance" \ Replaced 㞟 (diàn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dim³ • Middle-Chinese : temH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep pad; cushion; mat • to put something under something else to raise or balance it • to fill up something; to insert something • (Southern Min) to sow ‖ to pay something in advance; to pay for somebody ‖ to sink down; to drown; to perish; to descend ‖ Only used in 墊江／垫江 (Diànjiāng). 墊 • (jeom) · 墊 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm) Hán-Nôm : điếm 墊
壅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs) : phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 土 (“soil; ground”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowngX (literary) to obstruct; to block; to stop • (literary) to heap; to pile up • (literary) to cover; to hide plug up • shut up 壅 (eumhun 막을 옹 (mageul ong)) hanja form of 옹 (“to block; to obstruct”) Hán-Nôm : ung 壅
壑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok • Middle-Chinese : xak mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully • hole; deep hole with water 壑 • (hak) · 壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak) Hán-Nôm : hác 壑
壕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːw) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô • Middle-Chinese : haw moat; channel • (military) trench • (Internet slang) Alternative form of 土豪 (tǔháo) ‖ 壕(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 壕(ほり) • (hori) moat, trench ‖ moat, trench ‖ ditch, canal • moat 壕 • (ho) · 壕 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho) Hán-Nôm : hào 壕
壘 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Middle-Chinese : lwijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leot⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ rampart; military wall • (baseball) base • to pile up ‖ Only used in 鬱壘／郁垒 (Yùlǜ). ‖ Used in 磈壘／磈垒. • Alternative form of 纍／累 (léi) • Alternative form of 蘲 (léi) ‖ 壘(るい) • (rui) ‖ Kyūjitai form of 塁 壘 (eumhun 진 루 (jin ru), word-initial (South Korea) 진 누 (jin nu)) hanja form of 루/누 (“rampart”) • hanja form of 루/누 (“(baseball) base”) Hán-Nôm : lũy • Hán-Nôm : luỹ 壘
壙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːŋs) : semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : khwangH (literary) tomb; grave • (literary) open wilderness; prairie • (literary) Alternative form of 曠／旷 (kuàng, “vast; expansive”) 壙 • (gwang) · 壙 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang) Hán-Nôm : khoảng 壙
壟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roŋʔ) : phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) + semantic 土 (“earth”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : ljowngX grave; mound • raised path between fields • ridge mound • grave • rice field dike 壟 • (rong) · 壟 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong) Hán-Nôm : lũng 壟
壩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːɡs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 霸 (OC *praːɡs). Cantonese · Jyutping : baa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè dam; embankment; dike • Alternative form of 垻／坝 (“plain; beach”) • beach (sandy, on a river, lake or coast, used chiefly in place names) 壩 • (pae) · 壩 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'ae) Hán-Nôm : bá 壩
壮 Simplified from 壯 (爿 → 丬) ‖ 壮(さかん) • (sakan) -na (adnominal 壮(さかん)な (sakan na), adverbial 壮(さかん)に (sakan ni)) ‖ 壮(そう) • (Sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 壮(つよし) • (Tsuyoshi) ‖ Alternative form of 盛ん ‖ a male given name ‖ a male given name Hán-Nôm : tráng 壮
声 ‖ 声(こえ) • (koe) ^(←こゑ (kowe)?) ‖ 声(せい) • (sei) ‖ 声(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ 声(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ a voice • an accent • a feedback • (in the form ～の声を聞く (...no koe o kiku), lit. “listenable voice”) a feeling, sound, or tone of something • a voiced sound • (archaic) a Sino-Japanese pronunciation or reading of a Chinese character, as opposed to its 訓 (kun) or native Japanese counterpart ‖ voice • speech, word • fame, honor, reputation • Chinese character pronunciation ‖ a voice, speech • a tone • a variation of stress in pronunciation • Short for 声点 (shōten): a tone mark (in Middle Chinese) ‖ voice, sound • expression, speech • tone (in Chinese linguistics) 声
壺 Contraction of 葫蘆 (OC *ɡaː raː, “calabash”) (Wu, 2006). Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Middle-Chinese : hu pot; jar; kettle (vessel used to boil liquid); jug; vase; can; thermos; bottle; flask; canteen (water bottle) • (historical) a kind of ancient vessel • Classifier for bottled liquid. • a surname ‖ 壺(つぼ) • (tsubo) ‖ 壺(こ) • (ko) ‖ container or depression: · A pot or jar; a vessel or bottle. • container or depression: · A basin, as at the base of a waterfall. • container or depression: · A pressure point in acupressure or acupuncture. • The core or heart of an issue. • (slang) Those who believe in the Family Federation for World Peace and Unification (formerly the Unification Church) and/or who are in close touch with this religion. (As this religion used to sell vessels to cast out evil spirits) ‖ hu (ancient Chinese vessel shaped like a vase, usually used to store alcohol) 壺 (eum 호 (ho)) Hán-Nôm : hồ 壺
夙 Characters in the same phonetic series (夙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ The oracle bone script consisted of 月 (“moon”) and 丮, and resembled a man holding the moon, probably representing the worship of the moon. Alternatively, it might represent a person working under the moon in the early morning when the moon has not set. \ In some forms of its bronze inscription, 月 corrupted into 夕. \ 丮 later got reduced into 凡. \ Schuessler (2007) compares this with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-sok ~ *V-sok (“morning; morrow”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s(j)u-ŋ/k (“to wake up; morning; clear-headed; to sober up”). Burmese သောကြာ (sau:kra, “Venus”) is unrelated as it ultimately derives from Sanskrit शुक्र (śukra). \ Schuessler (2007) also considers this to be related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-sow (“to arise; to awake; to awaken”), as the morning is the time to arise. Other possible Chinese comparanda of this Tibeto-Burman word are 搜 (OC *sru, “to move”) (as in 搜搜), 速 (OC *sloːɡ, “speedy”), 聳 (OC *sloŋʔ, “to urge on”) (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Middle-Chinese : sjuwk early morning • early • old; past • since old days early morning • early • since long ago • to be prudent, mindful, respectful 夙 • (suk) · 夙 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk) Hán-Nôm : túc 夙
够 够
夤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : în • Middle-Chinese : yin 夤 • (in) · 夤 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in) Hán-Nôm : dần 夤
夥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ) : phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ) + semantic 多. \ According to Fangyan, 夥, which means "many" or "much", was a dialectal expression found in rural Qi and Song and around the border between Chu and Wei (齊宋之郊、楚魏之際曰夥). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hér • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué • Middle-Chinese : hwaX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hweaX many; much; a lot of; numerous • (alt. form 伙) companion; partner; assistant ‖ Only used in 夥頤／伙颐. immense • tremendous 夥 (eumhun 많을 과 (maneul gwa)) · 夥 (eumhun 많을 화 (maneul hwa)) hanja form of 과 • hanja form of 화 Hán-Nôm : lõa • Hán-Nôm : loã • Hán-Nôm : hỏa • Hán-Nôm : hoả • Hán-Nôm : khỏa • Hán-Nôm : khoả 夥
夾 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – one person (大) holding two other people (人) under his arm, or two people (人) sandwiching a person (大). ‖ ‖ From 合 (MC kop). Compare Hokkien 佮 (“and; with”) and Teochew 佮 (“and; with”). For sound development, compare modern Cantonese 鴿／鸽 (gaap3), from 鴿 (MC kop). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gep⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giap • Middle-Chinese : keap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gereh ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ to squeeze between; to pinch; to clamp; to hold between • to carry under one's arm • to place in between; to be located between; to be wedged between • on or from both sides • to support; to assist • to mix; to intermingle; to intersperse • clip; clamp • folder; wallet • torture device used to squeeze the ankles • wharf by a river • Short for 夾室／夹室. • Short for 夾鐘／夹钟. • (Cantonese, figuratively) to remove; to take away • (Canada, US) intersection of ‖ double-layered; lined • Alternative form of 袷 (“lined garment”) • a surname ‖ Only used in 夾竹桃／夹竹桃 (jiāzhútáo) and 夾生／夹生 (jiāshēng). ‖ Only used in 夾肢窩／夹肢窝 (gāzhiwō). ‖ (Cantonese) also; and • (Cantonese) well-matched; matching; harmonious • (Cantonese, Hokkien) to match; to fit • (Cantonese) to coordinate • (Cantonese) to share • (Cantonese) to contribute; to chip in ‖ (Hokkien) to clamp; to pinch (using chopsticks, tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien Hokkien) to clamp with a chela • (Hokkien) clamp-like tool used to pick up things (such as tongs, clips, pegs, etc.) ‖ to perambulate; to inspect on foot • Alternative form of 挾／挟 (xié, “to seize”) ‖ Alternative form of 狹／狭 (xiá, “narrow”) ‖ Alternative form of 鋏／铗 (jiá, “hilt of a sword”) insert between • cramped 夾 • (hyeop) · 夾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp) Hán-Nôm : giáp • Hán-Nôm : xáp • Hán-Nôm : ghép • Hán-Nôm : kép 夾
奄 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“big”) + 申 (“extend”) – to cover. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám • Middle-Chinese : 'jemX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ to cover; to surround; to include • suddenly; abruptly; quickly; hastily ‖ feeble • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 閹／阉 (yān, “to castrate; eunuch”) • Alternative form of 淹 (yān, “to remain; to tarry”) cover • suffocate • obstruct 奄 • (eom) · 奄 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, revised eom, McCune–Reischauer ŏm) Hán-Nôm : yêm • Hán-Nôm : yểm • Hán-Nôm : ăm • Hán-Nôm : im • Hán-Nôm : em 奄
奎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷeː) : semantic 大 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Middle-Chinese : khwej the stride of a person • Legs, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions star Hán-Nôm : khuê 奎
奐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaːns) : abbreviated phonetic 夐 (OC *qʰʷeːns, *qʰʷeŋs) + semantic 廾. Alternatively ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 穴 (“yurt”) + 廾 (“hands”) a pair of hands opening a yurt door to let in sunlight, hence brilliant. Originally used to represent 換 (OC *ɢʷaːns, “to change; to swap”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : xwanH numerous clear • bright 奐 • (binnal hwan) · 奐 • (binnal hwan) (hangeul 빛날 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan) be numerous, brilliant Hán-Nôm : hoán 奐
奕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ) + semantic 大 (“big; great”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǐ great; grand • beautiful • skilled; adept • bright • (of years, generations, etc.) many; one after another • Alternative form of 弈 (yì, “Go (board game); to play Go”) • Alternative form of 亦 (yì, “also”) • Alternative form of 弋 (yì), used in 游奕 (yóuyì). • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) to play (cards, lottery, chess, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to start; to begin (in an activity) 奕 • (hyeok) · 奕 • (hyeok) (hangeul 혁, revised hyeok, McCune–Reischauer hyŏk) Hán-Nôm : dịch 奕
奘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs) : phonetic 壯 (OC *ʔsraŋs) + semantic 大. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzangX • Middle-Chinese : dzangH fat, stout • great, huge 奘 • (jang) · 奘 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang) Hán-Nôm : tráng 奘
奥 ‖ 奥(おく) • (oku) ‖ 奥(おく) • (Oku) ‖ inside; inner depths • back, rear • inside the house • one's heart, true feelings ‖ a surname 奥 (eumhun 깊을 오 (gipeul o)) ‖ 奥 (eumhun 따뜻할 욱 (ttatteuthal uk)) Alternative form of 奧 (“hanja form of 오 (“deep”)”). ‖ Alternative form of 燠. canonical : 奥: Nôm readings: áo 奥
奧 Shuowen interprets it as a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːɡs) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 𢍏 (), but is not widely accepted. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àu • Middle-Chinese : 'awH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ ^† southwest corner of a room • ^† depths of a room • ^† secluded; deep and hidden away • ^† profound; esoteric; obscure • Short for 奧林匹克／奥林匹克 (àolínpǐkè, “Olympics”). • Short for 奧地利／奥地利 (Àodìlì, “Austria”). ‖ turbid heart • interior 奧 (eumhun 깊을 오 (gipeul o)) ‖ 奧 (eumhun 따뜻할 옥 (ttatteuthal ok)) hanja form of 오 (“deep”) ‖ (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 燠 (“hanja form of 옥 (“warmth”)”) canonical : 奧: Hán Việt readings: áo 奧: Nôm readings: áo 奧
奩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm dowry • bridal trousseau • box for women's cosmetics or garments 奩 (eumhun 화장 상자 렴 (hwajang sangja ryeom), word-initial (South Korea) 화장 상자 염 (hwajang sangja yeom)) canonical : 奩: Hán Việt readings: liêm 奩: Nôm readings: liêm 奩
妍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːn) : semantic 女 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngen (literary) bright, colorful and beautiful 妍 • (yeon) · 妍 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn) Hán-Nôm : ngơn 妍
妝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 女 (“female”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsrjang to put on makeup; to adorn oneself • adornment, makeup and dress • trousseau; dowry • (Wenzhounese) to do; to make 妝 • (jang) · 妝 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang) Hán-Nôm : Trang 妝
妞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niu (colloquial) girl Hán-Nôm : nữu 妞
妣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Middle-Chinese : pjijX (literary, honorific) deceased mother [deceased] mother 妣 • (bi) · 妣 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi) Hán-Nôm : tỉ 妣
妤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *la) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yo Only used in 婕妤 (jiéyú). 妤 • (yeo) · 妤 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ) 아름답다(=伃): beautiful, pretty, fair; handsome, good-looking Hán-Nôm : dư 妤
妯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuw Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli). ‖ to move; to be agitated; to not be tranquil 妯 • (chuk) · 妯 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk) Hán-Nôm : dâu • Hán-Nôm : chục • Hán-Nôm : trục 妯
妳 ; Etymology 1 \ ; Etymology 2 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní (chiefly Taiwanese Mandarin) you (singular, female) Extended shinjitai form of 嬭 妳
姍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaːn) : semantic 女 (“female”) + abbreviated phonetic 刪 (OC *sraːn). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaːn) : semantic 女 (“female”) + abbreviated phonetic 刪 (OC *sraːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : san ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹ Used in 姍姍／姗姗 (shānshān). • (obsolete) to slander • (obsolete) glorious • a surname ‖ Only used in 便姍／便姗. 姍 • (san) · 姍 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san) 姍
姒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ziX wife of elder brother • (chiefly historical) a surname 姒 • (sa) · 姒 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa) Hán-Nôm : tự 姒
姘 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phing • Middle-Chinese : pheang • Middle-Chinese : pheng extramarital sex, illicit sexual relations Hán-Nôm : phanh 姘
姣 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Middle-Chinese : kaewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâu • Middle-Chinese : haew (literary) beautiful ‖ (obsolete or Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, of a woman) lewd; flirtatious beautiful • handsome • pretty 姣 • (gyo) · 姣 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo) lovely, charming • lewdness Hán-Nôm : giảo 姣
姬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klɯ, *lɯ) : semantic 女 (“woman; matrilateral family line; family name”) + phonetic 𦣞 (). \ ; Zhou dynastic surname \ :Instead, he suggests an etymological connection between "the two intermarrying moieties, a ruling clan and its collateral, wife-supplying counterpart": 姬 (OC *(C)ɰə̀ɰ) and 姜 (*(C)ɰàŋ). He also points to other word-pairs, including 似 (MC ziX, “to resemble”) < *-əɰʔ and 像 (MC zjangX, “to imitate, image”) < *-aŋʔ, which display the phonetic correspondences: *-ɰ vs. *-ŋ as well *-ə- vs. *-a- (ibid.) \ ; lady (ancient laudatory title for women) \ 姬本周姓，其女貴於列國之女，所以婦人美號皆稱姬。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]姬本周姓，其女贵于列国之女，所以妇人美号皆称姬。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Kangxi zidian \ Jī běn Zhōu xìng, qí nǚ guì yú lièguó zhī nǚ, suǒyǐ fùrén měihào jiē chēng jī. [Pinyin] \ Ji ("姬") was originally the surname of the Zhou; their princesses were more honorable than princesses of other states; therefore women with laudatory appellations are all called Ji ("姬"). \ ; "gay" ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : ki ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : yi a surname, used by the ruling family of the House of Zhou • (literary) lady (ancient laudatory title for women) • (mythology) name of a river • (literary) beauty • (literary) concubine • (neologism, slang) Synonym of 基 (jī, “gay”), with a feminine connotation; lesbian ‖ ‖ alternative form of 姫 ‖ 姬 • (hui) · 姬 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy) woman Hán-Nôm : cơ 姬
娌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : liX Only used in 妯娌 (zhóuli). brother's wife Hán-Nôm : lí 娌
娑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *saːl, *saːlʔ) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 女 (“woman”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Middle-Chinese : sa • Middle-Chinese : saX Used in 婆娑 (pósuō) and 娑娑. • Used in transcription. old woman 娑 (eum 사 (sa)) dance, frolic • lounge • saunter Hán-Nôm : sa 娑
娓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mj+jX • Middle-Chinese : mijH (archaic) to comply with; to yield to • Used in 娓娓 (wěiwěi, “tireless”). 娓 • (mi) · 娓 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi) Hán-Nôm : vãi 娓
娣 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “young family member”). \ Same word as 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “younger brother”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dejX • Middle-Chinese : dejH younger of two women married to a man; (in general) concubine of a man • younger sister • wife of husband's younger brother • mother's younger sister • a surname • Used in the given name of a girl to symbolize the hope that she will have a younger brother. younger sister • sister-in-law 娣 • (je) · 娣 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che) younger sister • sister-in-law Hán-Nôm : đệ 娣
娩 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Middle-Chinese : mjenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Middle-Chinese : mjonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjonH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan³ • Middle-Chinese : phjonH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˋ • Middle-Chinese : mjunH to give birth to a child ‖ (literary) beautiful; delicate; fine • (literary) complaisant; agreeable ‖ A surname. • Alternative form of 萬／万 (wàn) ‖ (alt. form 嬎) to reproduce ‖ Used in female personal names. bear (children) 娩 • (man) · 娩 • (man) (hangeul 만) Hán-Nôm : vãn 娩
娼 From 倡 (OC *tʰjaŋ, “performer”). Cognate with 唱 (OC *tʰjaŋs, “to sing”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshang prostitute • (historical) female performer of song and dance prostitution 娼 (eumhun 창녀 창 (changnyeo chang)) hanja form of 창 (“prostitute”) Hán-Nôm : xướng 娼
婀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o² • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Middle-Chinese : 'aX beautiful; graceful • (alt. form 娿) Used in 媕婀 (“indecisive”). charm • flirtation 婀 • (a) · 婀 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a) be beautiful • be graceful Hán-Nôm : a 婀
婁 Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro) : semantic 爪 (“hands”) + phonetic 角 (OC *kroːɡ, *ɡ·roːɡ) + semantic 女 (“woman”). Meaning uncertain. \ Later ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 母 (“mother”) + 中 + 女 (“daughter”). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ (Chinese astronomy) the constellation Lóu, one of the twenty-eight lunar mansions • (dialectal, of a body) weak; feeble; frail • (dialectal, of melons) overripe and unfit to eat • a surname ‖ (obsolete) to drag; to trail; to pull ‖ (obsolete) to tether oxen frequently • tie 婁 (eum 루 (ru)) a constellation • to wear Hán-Nôm : lâu • Hán-Nôm : sau • Hán-Nôm : lu • Hán-Nôm : lủ • Hán-Nôm : lũ 婁
婊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 表. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piáu (colloquial, derogatory, vulgar) prostitute; whore; bitch • (slang, derogatory) to be badmouthed; to be wrongly accused; to be regarded as a bitch Hán-Nôm : biểu 婊
婷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deːŋ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 亭 (OC *deːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng Used in compounds and personal names. • a surname 婷 (eum 정 (jeong)) Hán-Nôm : đình 婷
媲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰiːs) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 𣬉 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei³ • Middle-Chinese : phejH to marry, to match • to equal • to compare Hán-Nôm : tỉ 媲
媽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːʔ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Colloquial form of 母 (OC *mɯʔ, “mother”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mow (“woman, female”). Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa² • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ma • Middle-Chinese : muX mom; mum: an affectionate term for a mother • (usually with qualifier) other older female relatives or house-servants • (religion) "The Mother", an epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖／妈祖). • (obsolete, hapax) mare; female horse mother 媽 • (ma) · 媽 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma) mother • grandmother Hán-Nôm : mụ • Hán-Nôm : má • Hán-Nôm : mã • Hán-Nôm : mợ • Hán-Nôm : ma 媽
媾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːs) : semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Middle-Chinese : kuwH (originally) to marry in a cousin marriage (to cement the relationship between families); (in general) to marry • to dote on • to make peace; to reach agreement; to negotiate peace • to copulate; to have sexual intercourse sex, coitus • intimacy, relation 媾 (eum 구 (gu)) Hán-Nôm : cấu 媾
嫖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *pʰews) : semantic 女 + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *pʰews) : semantic 女 + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹ • Middle-Chinese : phjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewH to visit prostitutes; to patronise prostitutes ‖ nimble; agile wanton, hedonist 嫖 • (pyo) · 嫖 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo) Hán-Nôm : phiêu • Hán-Nôm : phếu • Hán-Nôm : phiếu • Hán-Nôm : tẹo • Hán-Nôm : phèo 嫖
嫗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qos) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔu (“egg; bird”). \ Pronunciation 1 is a departing tone derivation from pronunciation 2, literally "the one who is breeding" (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qos) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔu (“egg; bird”). \ Pronunciation 1 is a departing tone derivation from pronunciation 2, literally "the one who is breeding" (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'juH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ mother • (old) woman ‖ (of birds) to incubate; to sit on eggs • to warm with one's body • to raise; to nurture • friendly; affable ‖ 嫗(おみな) • (omina) ‖ a grown woman • an old woman 嫗 • (gu) · 嫗 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku) old woman, hag Hán-Nôm : ẩu 嫗
嫘 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ a surname 嫘
嫣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : xjien • Middle-Chinese : 'jen • Middle-Chinese : 'jenX • Middle-Chinese : 'jonH (of appearance) beautiful beautiful • beauty 嫣 (eum 언 (eon)) beautiful, beauty Hán-Nôm : yên beautiful 嫣
嫦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djaŋ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 常 (OC *djaŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng⁴ Only used in 嫦娥 (Cháng'é). Used as a proper name 嫦 • (hang) · 嫦 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang) Hán-Nôm : thường 嫦
嫵 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : mjuX charming • enchanting 嫵 • (mu) · 嫵 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu) charming • (be) gentle • (be) pretty Hán-Nôm : vũ 嫵
嫻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hean (literary, or in compounds, of personality, behaviour, etc.) elegant, gentle and quiet • (literary, or in compounds) skilled; skillful; adept; proficient elegant • refined • skillful 嫻 • (han) · 嫻 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han) elegant • refined • skillful Hán-Nôm : nhàn 嫻
嬉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Also an ideogramic compound, as the right radical means "joy". ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Also an ideogramic compound, as the right radical means "joy". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xi • Middle-Chinese : xiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei² to enjoy • to play; to amuse oneself ‖ Used in personal names. happy; glad 嬉 (eum 희 (hui)) Hán-Nôm : hi 嬉
嬋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djan) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Middle-Chinese : dzyen 嬋 (eum 선 (seon)) Hán-Nôm : thiền • Hán-Nôm : thuyền 嬋
嬌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : kjew • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : kjewX pampered; spoiled • seductive and loveable • tender; delicate • beautiful woman; beauty; lovely lady • to dote on; to make a pet of seductive 嬌 • (gyo) · 嬌 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo) Hán-Nôm : kiều 嬌
嬝 嬝
嬤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁴ Only used in 嬤嬤／嬷嬷 (mómo). 嬤
嬪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bin) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin) – a kind of woman, a court lady or maid. 賓 also means “obey, submit”, hence connotations of “an obedient woman, a maid”. \ Endopassive form of 賓 (OC *mpin, “to receive like a guest”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin (historical) court lady • (historical) palace maid • (archaic) a posthumous name for wives in Zhou ritual 嬪 (eumhun 아내 빈 (anae bin)) hanja form of 빈 (“court lady”) Hán-Nôm : tần 嬪
嬰 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 賏 (“a string of shells”) + 女 (“woman”). \ Probably related to 縈 (OC *qʷeŋ, “to entwine”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : enn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : inn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'jieng baby; infant • necklace • to put on; to wear • to surround • to entangle; to fetter • to suffer • to offend • to exert • a surname ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei) ‖ 嬰(えい) • (ei) young child, newborn child • used as western symbol ♯ sharp to mark the accidentals of musical notes • necklace • put around one's neck ‖ newborn baby; infant • surround ‖ (music) sharp (♯) 嬰 • (yeong) · 嬰 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng) canonical : 嬰: Hán Việt readings: anh 嬰
嬴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yeng (obsolete) to have a surplus; to be full • (obsolete) to bear; to take responsibility • a surname (no longer common since Han dynasty) to win • to have a surplus 嬴 • (yeong) · 嬴 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng) to be full of Hán-Nôm : doanh 嬴
嬸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯmʔ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 審 (OC *hljɯmʔ). \ Monosyllabic fusion of 叔母 (MC syuwk muwX, “father's younger brother + wife”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsím • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother) Hán-Nôm : thím 嬸
孀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraŋ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 霜 (OC *sraŋ). \ Zhang (2000) relates it to 喪 (OC *smaːŋ, “mourning; funeral”), 喪 (OC *smaːŋs, “to lose”) and 霜 (OC *sraŋ, “frost (which causes loss)”). However, Schuessler (2007) considers these three words etymologically unrelated. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sng • Middle-Chinese : srjang widow widow 孀 (eum 상 (sang)) widow Hán-Nôm : sương 孀
孑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat • Middle-Chinese : kjet alone; lonely • left-over; remaining • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). • a surname 孑 (eum 혈 (hyeol)) Hán-Nôm : két 孑
孓 From 子. ‖ From 子. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot • Middle-Chinese : kjut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung² • Middle-Chinese : kjowngX missing one's left arm • short • Used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). ‖ Only used in 孑孓 (jiéjué). Hán-Nôm : quyết 孓
孚 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 子 (“child”) – to capture a child. The original form of 俘. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 子 (“child”) – to capture a child. The original form of 俘. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ • Middle-Chinese : phju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ Original character of 俘 (fú) • Original character of 蜉 (fú) • Alternative form of 孵 (fū) • Alternative form of 稃 (fū) ‖ (literary) to convince; to gain trust • (literary) trust; confidence • (used in oracle bone) Alternative form of 俘 (fú) • Alternative form of 浮 (fú) • Alternative form of 莩 • Alternative form of 付 (fù) sincere; nourish 孚 (eum 부 (bu)) Hán-Nôm : phu • Hán-Nôm : phù 孚
孜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslɯ) : phonetic 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ) + semantic 攵 (“action”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi Alternative form of 孜孜 (zīzī) 孜 (eum 자 (ja)) Hán-Nôm : tư 孜
学 ‖ 学(がく) • (gaku) ‖ 学(がく) • (-gaku) ‖ 学(さとる) or 学(まなぶ) or 学(まこと) • (Satoru or Manabu or Makoto) education, study, learn • school • science ‖ scholarship; learning; knowledge ‖ -ology; -ics; study of... ‖ a male given name 学 (eumhun 배울 학 (bae'ul hak)) Alternative form of 學 (“hanja form of 학 (“to learn”)”) 学
孱 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzrean • Middle-Chinese : dzrjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : dzreanX (literary) weak; small; frail; feeble • meager; mean; shallow • cautious ‖ Only used in 孱頭／孱头 (càntou, “coward; weakling”). ‖ ‖ 孱 (eum 잔 (jan)) Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sờn 孱
孳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯs) : phonetic 兹 (OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯ) + semantic 子 (“child”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi • Middle-Chinese : dziH 孳 • (ja) · 孳 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha) Hán-Nôm : tư 孳
孺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : nyuH ^† young and small • ^† young child 孺 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : nhọ 孺
孿 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *run. Cognate with Jingpho marun (“to have twins”) (from run (“to be in pairs”)). (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : srwaenH • Middle-Chinese : ljwen twins twins 孿 (eum 산 (san)) twins Hán-Nôm : loan twins 孿
宝 Simplified from 寶 (⿱珤貝 → 玉). Officially adopted as the simplified form of 寶 in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956. ‖ 宝(たから) • (takara) precious objects • worldly goods • valuable possessions ‖ treasure 宝 • (bo) · 宝 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po) jewel Hán-Nôm : bảo • Hán-Nôm : báu • Hán-Nôm : bửu 宝
宥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : hjuwH forgive, pardon, indulge soothe • calm • pacify 宥 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : hựu 宥
寐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mids) : abbreviated semantic 㝱 (“dream”) + phonetic 未 (OC *mɯds). \ Original form may have been an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“house”) + 爿 (“bed”) + 人 (“person”) – a person sleeping on a bed in a room. Compare ancient forms of 夢. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/s-mwəj (“to sleep; to dream”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྨི་བ (rmi ba, “to dream”), Tibetan རྨི་ལམ (rmi lam, “dream”), Burmese မွေ့ (mwe., “to enjoy sleep”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mī • Middle-Chinese : mjijH (literary) to sleep • (archaic, euphemistic) to die • a surname 寐 • (mae) · 寐 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae) Hán-Nôm : mị 寐
寝 ‖ 寝(ね) • (ne) ‖ 寝(ぬ) • (nu) intransitive ^†nidan ‖ 寝(い) • (i) ‖ 寝(しん) • (shin) ‖ 寝(しん) • (shin) ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ (archaic) to sleep ‖ (obsolete) sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping ‖ sleep, sleeping • inner parlor/parlour, living room 寝 • (chim) · 寝 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im) 寝
寤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːs) : abbreviated semantic 㝱 (“dream”) + phonetic 吾 (OC *ŋraː, *ŋaː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nguH (literary) to wake up; to awake • (alt. form 悟) to become aware; to realize; to awaken 寤 • (o) · 寤 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o) Hán-Nôm : ngộ • Hán-Nôm : ngụ • Hán-Nôm : ngù • Hán-Nôm : ngú 寤
寵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r̥ʰoŋʔ) : semantic 宀 + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thióng • Middle-Chinese : trhjowngX to spoil; to pamper; to favour • respect; honour; glory • favour; love • favourite • concubine • a surname 寵 • (chong, ryong) · 寵 • (chong, ryong) (hangeul 총, 룡, revised chong, ryong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ryong, Yale chong, lyong) Hán-Nôm : sủng • Hán-Nôm : sũng • Hán-Nôm : sổng 寵
寿 ‖ 寿(じゅ) • (ju) ‖ 寿(ことぶき) • (kotobuki) ‖ 寿(ことほぎ) • (kotohogi) ‖ 寿(ひさし) • (Hisashi) longevity; long life • congratulations ‖ years of age ‖ congratulations, felicitations • something worthy of congratulations • long life, longevity ‖ congratulations, felicitations • something worthy of congratulations • long life, longevity ‖ a male given name 寿 (eum 수 (su)) Alternative form of 壽 寿
将 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ 将(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ 将(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ 将(しょう) • (Shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ 将(すすむ) • (Susumu) ‖ 将(まさる) • (Masaru) ‖ 将(ひとし) • (Hitoshi) ‖ a commander • a general, admiral, or other high-ranking officer, especially of the Japan Self-Defense Forces • (historical) a rank in the 近衛府 (Konoe-fu, “office of the imperial guard during the Nara period”) ‖ commander, general, leader • military rank • take, hold • from now on, in the future ‖ a female given name ‖ a male given name ‖ a male given name ‖ a male given name 将 (eumhun 장수 장 (jangsu jang)) Alternative form of 將 (장 (jang)) canonical : 将: Hán Việt readings: tướng • canonical : tương 将: Nôm readings: tướng chữ Hán form of tương (“Alternative form of 將”). 将
尷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːm) : semantic 尢 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam Only used in 尷尬／尴尬 (gāngà, “embarrassed; embarrassing”). • (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism) Short for 尷尬. Hán-Nôm : giám 尷
尹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín • Middle-Chinese : ywinX to govern; oversee • director • a surname director (of the ritsuryō-period Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office) 尹 (eumhun 성 윤 (seong yun)) a surname Hán-Nôm : doãn • Hán-Nôm : duẫn 尹
尽 exhaust • use up • run out of • deplete • befriend • serve 尽 • (jin) · 尽 • (jin) (hangeul 진) exhaust, use up • deplete 尽
屆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːds) : semantic 尸 (“body”) + phonetic 凷 (OC *kʰuːds) \ The ACG sense is an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 届(とど)かない (todokanai, “to not reach”), negative form of 届(とど)く (todoku, “to reach”). Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài • Middle-Chinese : keajH ^† to arrive; to reach; to come or go to a particular destination; to be at a location or moment • Classifier for times, terms, graduation classes, periodically convened events, etc. • (ACG slang, of emotions or thoughts) to reach (someone); to get through 屆 • (gye) · 屆 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye) canonical : 屆: Hán Việt readings: giới 屆
届 ‖ 届(とどけ) • (-todoke) ‖ report, notice, registration 届
屍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hli, *hlis) : phonetic 尸 (OC *hli) + semantic 死. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hli, *hlis) : phonetic 尸 (OC *hli) + semantic 死. Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : syij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Middle-Chinese : syijH corpse; carcass (Classifier: 具; 條／条 c) ‖ ^‡ ‖ 屍(かばね) • (kabane) ‖ 屍(しかばね) • (shikabane) corpse, cadaver ‖ a corpse, a cadaver ‖ a corpse, a cadaver 屍 • (si) · 屍 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si) Hán-Nôm : thi • Hán-Nôm : thây chữ Hán form of thi (“corpse”). • Nôm form of thây (“corpse”). 屍
屐 Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreɡ) : abbreviated semantic 履 (“shoe”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiā • Middle-Chinese : gjaek (Classical, Cantonese, Hakka or Min) clogs; wooden shoes 屐 • (geuk) · 屐 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk) Hán-Nôm : kịch 屐
屜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thè drawer • tray • pad • screen Hán-Nôm : thế 屜
属 Characters in the same phonetic series (蜀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) ‖ 属(ぞく) • (zoku) class, category, type • belong to • genus ‖ (taxonomy) a genus 属
岌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɡrɯb) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gi̍p • Middle-Chinese : ngip (literary) lofty; towering • Used in 岌岌 (jíjí, “perilous”). • Used in 岦岌. 岌 (eumhun 높을 급 (nopeul geup)) canonical : 岌: Hán Việt readings: ngập 岌: Nôm readings: gập • canonical : ngấp • canonical : ngất • canonical : ngập • canonical : ngờm • canonical : ngợp • canonical : nhấp 岌
岑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîm • Middle-Chinese : dzrim (literary) small but tall hill • (obsolete) high • a surname peak, mountaintop • used in names 岑 • (jam, eum) · 岑 • (jam, eum) (hangeul 잠, 음, revised jam, eum, McCune–Reischauer cham, ŭm) Hán-Nôm : sầm • Hán-Nôm : sum • Hán-Nôm : xờm 岑
岫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯwɢs) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siū • Middle-Chinese : zjuwH mountain peak • cave; cavern • (Southern Min) nest, den or lair of animals ‖ 岫(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 岫(しゅう) • (shū) cave • summit ‖ (archaic or obsolete) cave • (archaic or obsolete) summit, mountaintop ‖ (rare) cave 岫 • (su) · 岫 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su) 岫
岱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs) + semantic 山 (“mountain”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dojH a nickname for Mount Tai (Daishan), one of the Five Sacred Mountains in China 岱 • (dae) · 岱 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae) Hán-Nôm : đại • Hán-Nôm : đồi • Hán-Nôm : đai 岱
岷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn • Middle-Chinese : min (～江) Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China) • (～山) Min Mountains (a mountain range in Sichuan and Gansu Provinces, China) 岷 (eum 민 (min)) 岷
峙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯʔ) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : driX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si⁶ to stand erect; to tower • underwater mound ‖ Only used in 繁峙 (Fánshì, “Fanshi”). 峙 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : trĩ • Hán-Nôm : trì 峙
峡 Simplified from 峽 (夾 → 夹). gorge • ravine 峡
峪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦkloːɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ valley; ravine Hán-Nôm : dụ 峪
峯 peak, summit 峯 (eumhun 봉우리 봉 (bong'uri bong)) hanja form of 봉 (“peak, summit”) Hán-Nôm : phong 峯
峽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Middle-Chinese : heap gorge gorge • strait • ravine • isthmus 峽 • (hyeop) · 峽 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp) Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : hệp • Hán-Nôm : siệp 峽
崆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Middle-Chinese : khuwng • Middle-Chinese : khaewng Used in place names. • Used in compounds. 崆 (eum 공 (gong)) Hán-Nôm : không 崆
崑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːn) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 昆 (OC *kuːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwon Only used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún) and related terms. 崑 • (gon) · 崑 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon) Hán-Nôm : côn • Hán-Nôm : kon 崑
崙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːn) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn • Middle-Chinese : lwon Used in 崑崙／昆仑 (Kūnlún), etc. 崙 (eum 륜 (ryun)) Hán-Nôm : lôn • Hán-Nôm : son • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : lon 崙
崢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ) : semantic 山 + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : dzraeng • Middle-Chinese : dzreang lofty; towering 崢 • (jaeng) · 崢 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng) Hán-Nôm : chênh • Hán-Nôm : tranh 崢
嵩 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 山 (“mountain”) + 高 (“tall”). \ Reasoning that 嵩 and 崧 (sōng) are the same word and the latter's phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ) suggests the medial *-l-, Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation *suŋ < *sluŋ, proposes that it was from Austroasiatic and compares it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *sluŋ ~ *sluuŋ (“high”). However, note Baxter & Sagart (2014)'s reconstructions 嵩 (OC), 崧 (OC *[s]uŋ), & 松 (OC *sə.ɢoŋ) without medial *-l-. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Middle-Chinese : sjuwng (literary, of a mountain) high; lofty • a surname ‖ 嵩(かさ) • (kasa) pile up, accumulate • bulk, volume ‖ bulk, large quantity • mass, volume 嵩 (eum 숭 (sung)) Hán-Nôm : tung 嵩
嶄 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ towering; outstanding • very ‖ Only used in 嶄巖／崭岩, alternative form of 巉巖／巉岩 (chányán, “steep; cliff”) 嶄 (eum 참 (cham)) Hán-Nôm : chởm 嶄
嶇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰo) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Middle-Chinese : khju Only used in 崎嶇／崎岖 (qíqū, “rugged, rough”) and 嶇嶔／岖嵚 (“steep, sheer”). • (Hakka) steep 嶇 (eum 구 (gu)) Hán-Nôm : khu 嶇
嶝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯːŋs) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tongH (literary) path leading up a mountain 嶝 • (deung) · 嶝 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng) 嶝
嶼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaʔ) : semantic 山 + phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las). \ This character was affected by misreadings, or Youbian dubian. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í • Middle-Chinese : zjoX island; islet island 嶼 (eumhun 섬 서 (seom seo)) hanja form of 서 (“island”) Hán-Nôm : dữ • Hán-Nôm : tự 嶼
嶽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ga̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngaewk tall mountain; highest peak • a surname 嶽 (eum 악 (ak)) Hán-Nôm : nhạc 嶽
巒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan pointed mountain • mountain range; ridge small peak 巒 (eum 만 (man)) Hán-Nôm : loại 巒
巔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn) : semantic 山 + phonetic 顛 (OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part”). Cognate with 顛 (OC *tiːn, “top of the head”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Middle-Chinese : ten summit of mountain; mountain top; peak • highest; top • (traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) head 巔 • (jeon) · 巔 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn) 巔
巽 Originally 巺, Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨎 (“people kneeling”) + 丌 (“table”) – "food, meal; to prepare/display food". \ Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "obedient; modest", and the original meaning came to be represented by 饌 (OC *sɡroːnʔ, *sɡrons), through the addition of a semantic component 飠 (“food; eating”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn • Middle-Chinese : swonH ☴ the fifth of the eight trigrams • ䷸ the 57th of the 64 hexagrams • obedient • modest ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (tatsumi) ‖ 巽(たつみ) • (Tatsumi) southeast ‖ (obsolete) southeast ‖ a surname 巽 (eumhun 부드러울 손 (budeureoul son)) Hán-Nôm : tốn • Hán-Nôm : rốn • Hán-Nôm : lún dức 巽
帑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː) : phonetic 奴 (OC *naː) + semantic 巾. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thóng • Middle-Chinese : thangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : nu storehouse of money • national money ‖ Alternative form of 孥 · one's offspring • Alternative form of 孥 · one's wife and offspring 帑 • (tang, no) · 帑 • (tang, no) (hangeul 탕, 노, revised tang, no, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, no) Hán-Nôm : nô 帑
帛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *braːɡ) : phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ) + semantic 巾 (“cloth”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pe̍eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Middle-Chinese : baek silks; fabrics • wealth; property silk (archaic) 帛 (eumhun 비단 백 (bidan baek)) silk Hán-Nôm : bạch 帛
幀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtɯːŋs) : semantic 巾 + phonetic 貞 (OC *teŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³ ^† picture; scroll • Classifier for pictures. • (computing) frame, fps (frame per second) 幀 • (jeong, taeng) · 幀 • (jeong, taeng) (hangeul 정, 탱, revised jeong, taeng, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, t'aeng) canonical : 幀: Hán Việt readings: tránh 幀: Nôm readings: tranh • canonical : trinh Nôm form of tranh (“a painting”). 幀
幔 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buān • Middle-Chinese : manH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mua curtain; screen; canopy ‖ coat; cape; cloak; mantle • to drape over one's shoulders; to wrap around • to put one's arm around another's shoulder or neck 幔 (eum 만 (man)) Hán-Nôm : mạn • Hán-Nôm : màn 幔
幗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kwojH • Middle-Chinese : kweak (historical) women's headgear; women's hair ornament Hán-Nôm : quắc • Hán-Nôm : vức 幗
幛 Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn a type of oblong banner or scroll carrying a message used at weddings, funerals, etc. • to cover Hán-Nôm : trướng 幛
幟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯɡs, *tʰjɯɡs, *hljɯɡs) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshì • Middle-Chinese : syiH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhiH flag; banner • (literary) mark; sign • a surname ‖ 幟(のぼり) • (nobori) ‖ flag, banner 幟 • (chi) · 幟 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i) canonical : 幟: Hán Việt readings: xí 幟: Nôm readings: xí chữ Hán form of xí (“flag, banner”). 幟
幫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋ) : phonetic 封 (OC *poŋ, *poŋs) + semantic 帛 (“silk”) – the upper part of a shoe (鞋幫). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pong • Middle-Chinese : pang the sides of an object (particularly a shoe) • to help; to assist; to aid • gang; faction; group • (informal, derogatory) Classifier for groups of people. • (dialectal) for • (Shanghainese) and; with • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 幫 (MC pang) • (Hokkien) Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains. • (Hokkien) Classifier for batches of letters, bulk deliveries, etc. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to supplement (on the side) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to participate in or to depend partially or entirely on betting, contests, etc. for profit • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sublet; to sublease • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to expand; to enlarge; to extend Kyūjitai form of 幇 幫 (eumhun 도울 방 (doul bang)) hanja form of 방 (“help”) Hán-Nôm : bang 幫
庖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruː) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu • Middle-Chinese : baew (literary) kitchen • (literary) chef; cook 庖 (eum 포 (po)) Hán-Nôm : bào 庖
庠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaŋ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : zjang (archaic) country school • to teach ‖ school; originally, a school in ancient China ‖ 庠 (eum 상 (sang)) Hán-Nôm : tường 庠
庾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Middle-Chinese : yuX a surname 庾 (eumhun 곳집 유 (gotjip yu)) · 庾 (eumhun 노작가리 유 (nojakgari yu)) Hán-Nôm : dũ 庾
廁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ts(j)i-t/n (“urine; to urinate”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tsrhiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhiH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ toilet; lavatory ‖ (literary) to mingle with; to participate in ‖ Used in 廁足／厕足 (cèzú). 廁 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : xí 廁
廂 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn • Middle-Chinese : sjang wing; side room; theater box • side • train carriage; compartment • vicinity of a city 廂 • (sang) · 廂 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang) Hán-Nôm : rương • Hán-Nôm : sương • Hán-Nôm : tương 廂
廈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːs, *ɡraːʔ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs). \ Related to 嘏 (OC *kraːʔ, “great”) (Wang, 1982). ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā • Middle-Chinese : haeX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ēe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe mansion; large building • a surname ‖ Only used in 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén); also used as its short form. 廈 (eum 하 (ha)) Hán-Nôm : hè • Hán-Nôm : hạ 廈
廖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːw, *rɯːws, *rɯws) : semantic 广 + phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu • Middle-Chinese : lew • Middle-Chinese : ljuwH (～國) the Zhou dynasty-era state of Liao • a surname 廖 (eum 료 (ryo)) Hán-Nôm : liêu 廖
廚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *do) : semantic 广 + phonetic 尌 (OC *djos). ‖ Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 厨(ちゅう) (-chū). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Middle-Chinese : drju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ kitchen • cook; chef (Classifier: 個／个 c) • Original form of 櫥／橱 (chú, “closet; cupboard”). ‖ (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) someone who is zealously enthusiastic about something • (Internet slang, chiefly ACG) to be zealous about something 廚 • (ju) · 廚 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu) Hán-Nôm : chù • Hán-Nôm : chùa • Hán-Nôm : trù 廚
廝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *se) : semantic 广 + phonetic 斯 (OC *se). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : sje (male) servant; menial • A lightly insulting term used to refer to someone. • mutually; with each other 廝 (eum 시 (si)) Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tư 廝
廠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs) : semantic 广 + phonetic 敞 (OC *tʰjaŋʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhangX • Middle-Chinese : tsyhangH ^† shack (without wall) • ^† (animal) shed • factory; workshop; mill; (industrial) plant • depot; yard ‖ 廠(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ depot 廠 (eum 창 (chang)) Hán-Nôm : xưởng 廠
廬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ra) : semantic 广 + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : ljo rudimentary lodgings; hut; shack; simple countryside house • (archaic) inn; guesthouse; lodging (for officials) • (historical) hut near a tomb used for morning • (～山) Mount Lu in Jiangxi province • a surname ‖ 廬(いお) • (io) ^(←いほ (ifo)?) ‖ 廬(いおり) • (iori) ^(←いほり (ifori)?) ‖ a temporary hut • a temporary lodging ‖ a temporary hut • a temporary lodging • a small hut for hermits and priests; a hermitage 廬 (eum 려 (ryeo)) Hán-Nôm : lư 廬
廿 The pronunciation in most dialects is a contraction of 二十 (èrshí). The irregular pronunciation (e.g. /nVm/) dates back to the Song dynasty, to avoid homophony with a vulgar word; see 入 (rù) (now commonly written as 日 (rì) in dialects). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p • Middle-Chinese : nyip twenty ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^(←にじふ (nizifu)?) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (hatachi) ‖ 廿(はたち) • (Hatachi) (dated) twenty ‖ (dated) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): twenty, 20 ‖ (archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): a twenty-year-old ‖ (archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十歳 (hatachi): a twenty-year-old ‖ a surname 廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip)) · 廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip)) twenty; twentieth Hán-Nôm : niệm • Hán-Nôm : trấp • Hán-Nôm : trập • Hán-Nôm : nhập • Hán-Nôm : chấp 廿
弈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek (literary) Go (board game) • to play Go • Alternative form of 奕 (yì) Chinese chess 弈 (eum 혁 (hyeok)) Chinese chess Hán-Nôm : dịch 弈
弥 ‖ 弥(わたる) • (Wataru) ‖ 弥(み) • (mi) go across; span; cover • widely, extensively; far and wide • increasingly; more and more • for a long time; forever ‖ a male given name ‖ Used in transliterations. 弥 (eum 미 (mi)) 弥
弩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːʔ) : phonetic 奴 (OC *naː) + semantic 弓 (“bow”). \ Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na (“crossbow”), whence Drung tana, Naxi daqna. \ Unger (1990) suggests a derivation from 努 (OC *naːʔ, “to tense; to exert”), as the crossbow shoots arrows by releasing elastic potential energy stored in its limbs. Ferlus (1999) cites Gernet's opinion that 砮 (OC *naː, *naːʔ, “stone arrow-tip”) had been semantically extended to mean the whole crossbow. \ More likely, 弩 (OC *naːʔ) and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na were Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman renditions of a Mainland Southeast Asian Wanderwort (Ratliff, 2010), possibly of Austroasiatic origin (Norman and Mei, 1976; Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007). Compare other MSEA lexical items meaning "crossbow": \ * Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ, whence Vietnamese ná, Khmer ស្នា (snaa); \ * Proto-Hmong-Mien *nhaᴮ, whence White Hmong hneev, Iu Mien hnaav; \ * Proto-Tai *ʰnwɯəꟲ, whence Thai หน้าไม้ (nâa-máai), Lao ໜ້າໄມ້ (nā mai), Lü ᦐᦱᧉᦺᦙᧉ (ṅaa²may²). \ Also compare Proto-Austronesian *panaq (“to shoot (an arrow)”) (cf. Proto-Mon-Khmer *paɲʔ) whence Malay panah, Tagalog panà, Hawaiian pana. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǒo • Middle-Chinese : nuX crossbow ‖ crossbow • one of abbreviations for loanwords whose transcription begin with the syllable ド (Do). Especially, dreadnought. ‖ 弩 • (no) · 弩 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no, Yale no) Hán-Nôm : nỏ • Hán-Nôm : nỗ • Hán-Nôm : ná • Hán-Nôm : nõ 弩
弭 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Middle-Chinese : mjieX (literary) to stop; to put an end to; to remove • (archaic) bow decorated with bone or ivory at the ends • (archaic) curved ends of a bow • (archaic) to reassure; to assuage; to calm • (archaic) to forget • Used in place names. • a surname stop, quit • nock, notch 弭 (eum 미 (mi)) Hán-Nôm : nhẹ • Hán-Nôm : nhĩ • Hán-Nôm : nhị 弭
弼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Middle-Chinese : bit (literary) to aid; to assist; to help • assistant • tool for rectifying crossbow • to go against; to run counter to to assist • assistant 弼 • (pil) · 弼 • (pil) (hangeul 필, revised pil, McCune–Reischauer p'il, Yale phil) Hán-Nôm : bặt • Hán-Nôm : bậc • Hán-Nôm : bật • Hán-Nôm : bằn 弼
彆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *peds, *peːd) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 弓 (“bow”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bit³ • Middle-Chinese : pjiejH ends of bow • to make somebody change their opinion; to dissuade • to hold back 彆 (eumhun 활 뒤틀릴 별 (hwal dwiteullil byeol)) hanja form of 별 (“warped bow”) 彆
彌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mnel) : semantic 弓 + phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : mjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Middle-Chinese : mjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ to relax a bow • to fill; to cover • full; overflowing; extensive • long; distant • more • to mend; to repair • a surname ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 弭 (mǐ, “to stop; to put down”) ‖ Alternative form of 婗 (ní) Kyūjitai form of 弥. 彌 (eumhun 미륵 미 (mireuk mi)) · 彌 (eumhun 두루 미 (duru mi)) canonical : 彌: Hán Việt readings: di 彌: Nôm readings: di 彌
彎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons). \ May be cognate with 迂 (OC *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa). \ ; “homosexual” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uainn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Middle-Chinese : 'waen to bend; to make bent • (Penang Hokkien) to turn; to make a turn; to change direction • to draw a bow • bent; curved; crooked; arched • (neologism, slang) gay; homosexual • bend; turn; curve; crook • (Chinese calligraphy) a bend (such as in ㇉, ㇌, ㇟, or ㇠) • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in a river • (灣／湾 (wān)) · a bend in the coastline; bay, gulf • Classifier for bent objects, such as a quarter moon. ‖ 彎(わん) • (wan) bend, curve • stretching a bow ‖ a bend, a curve 彎 (eum 만 (man)) Hán-Nôm : loan • Hán-Nôm : thoăn 彎
当 ‖ 当(とう) • (tō-) hit • target; objective; goal • right; correct; appropriate • the aforementioned ...; the ... in question ‖ this (business or place) 当 • (dang) · 当 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) Hán-Nôm : đáng • Hán-Nôm : đương 当
彗 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 甡 (“broom”) + 又 (“hand”) – to hold a broom which is made of bamboo. \ Sagart (2021) modifies Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction to *sə-m-pʰˤut-s, deriving it from a root *pʰˤut (“dust”), with the iambic form of the prefix *s-, which derives circumstantial nouns, and the prefix *m-, which derives verbs of volitional action from nouns, and relates it to 勃 (OC *bɯːd) and 孛 (OC *bɯːds, *bɯːd). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huī • Middle-Chinese : zwijH • Middle-Chinese : zjwejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwejH (literary) broom • comet • to sweep; to brush ‖ Alternative form of 熭 (wèi) comet • broom • to sweep 彗 (eumhun 살별 혜 (salbyeol hye)) hanja form of 혜 (“comet”) Hán-Nôm : tuệ 彗
彥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrans) : phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 彣 (“variegated; literary talent”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH elegant; handsome • learned; accomplished 彥 • (eon) · 彥 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en) Hán-Nôm : ngạn 彥
彷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : phjangX Used in 彷徉 (pángyáng). • Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). ‖ Alternative form of 仿 • Used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú). 彷 (eum 방 (bang)) Hán-Nôm : phảng 彷
彿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut • Middle-Chinese : phjut Only used in 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú). 彿 • (bul) · 彿 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul) Hán-Nôm : phớt 彿
径 Simplified from 徑 (巠 → 𢀖) based on the table of 54 simplified radical components listed in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme by the People's Republic of China. ‖ Simplified from 逕 which is listed as a variant traditional form of 徑／径 (jìng) in the 1956 first round revision table of variant Chinese characters (第一批异体字整理表) by the People's Republic of China. \ As a variant form, 逕／迳 (jìng) is to be replaced by 徑／径 (jìng) as its orthodox form, which is succeeded by 径 as the simplified form of 徑／径 (jìng). ‖ Unorthodox variant simplified from 徑 (巠 → 圣) found in a moveable type copy of the classical Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei 《金瓶梅 (Jīnpíngméi)》. \ First attested in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930 that records unorthodox forms (俗字 (súzì)) that have existed since the Song dynasty. \ Another similar character, which has (⿱ス土) as its right component can also be found in 《太平樂府》. ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ path • diameter • method 径 • (gyeong) · 径 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) Hán-Nôm : kính 径
徇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɢʷins) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : zwinH to submit; to comply 徇 • (sun) · 徇 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) Hán-Nôm : toang • Hán-Nôm : toạng • Hán-Nôm : tuân • Hán-Nôm : tuẫn 徇
徨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang Used in 彷徨 (pánghuáng). • Used in 徨徨. wander 徨 (eum 황 (hwang)) Hán-Nôm : hoàng 徨
徬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːŋs) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Middle-Chinese : bangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ (archaic) to walk alongside; to accompany ‖ Used in 徬徨. wander about • walk along side of 徬 (eum 방 (bang)) to wander about • walk along side of • to be next to Hán-Nôm : bàng 徬
忖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Middle-Chinese : tshwonX to ponder; to speculate • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to think • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to want • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to look forward to; to plan for • (chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to miss 忖 (eumhun 헤아릴 촌 (hearil chon)) Hán-Nôm : thổn 忖
忝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms) : phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn) + semantic 心 (“heart”) ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : tim⁵ • Middle-Chinese : themX • Middle-Chinese : themH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiám (literary) to shame • (literary, self-deprecatory) ashamedly; with disgrace ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 悿 (“tired; serious”) 忝 • (cheom) · 忝 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem) Hán-Nôm : thỏm • Hán-Nôm : thiểm 忝
怏 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jangX • Middle-Chinese : 'jangH discontented; dissatisfied; disgruntled 怏 • (ang) · 怏 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang) Hán-Nôm : ửng • Hán-Nôm : ương • Hán-Nôm : ưởng 怏
怵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhwit ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot¹ to fear; to be afraid • sad; sorrowful ‖ (alt. form 訹／𰵓) to entice; to seduce; to lure Hán-Nôm : truột 怵
恆 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 亙 (OC *kɯːŋs, “partial moon”). \ May have originally been written 亙. \ In Small Seal Script, the 月 in 亙 was written 舟. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 亙 (OC *kɯːŋs, “partial moon”). \ May have originally been written 亙. \ In Small Seal Script, the 月 in 亙 was written 舟. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hn̂g • Middle-Chinese : hong ^† (of the moon) to wax • ^† to extend everywhere ‖ lasting; constant • ordinary • perseverance • (literary) often; frequently • 32nd hexagram of the I Ching; “endurance” (䷟) always, constant 恆 • (hang) · 恆 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang) Hán-Nôm : hằng 恆
恋 ‖ 恋(こい) • (koi) ^(←こひ (kofi)?) ‖ 恋(こい) • (Koi) ^(←こひ (kofi)?) attach • love ‖ love, especially romantic love • longing, yearning ‖ a female given name 恋 • (ryeon>yeon) · 恋 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen) 恋
恙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋs) : phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ) + semantic 心. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng • Middle-Chinese : yangH worry • disaster; calamity • illness; ailment • (～蟲) chigger ‖ 恙(つつが) • (tsutsuga) disaster; calamity ‖ disaster; calamity 恙 (eum 양 (yang)) Hán-Nôm : dạng 恙
恪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰlaːɡ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Middle-Chinese : khak ^† respectful; scrupulous • ^† solemn; serious • a surname 恪 (eum 각 (gak)) Hán-Nôm : khác 恪
恫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung¹ • Middle-Chinese : thuwng • Middle-Chinese : duwngH feel pain • threaten • groan 恫 • (tong) · 恫 • (tong) (hangeul 통, revised tong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, Yale thong) Hán-Nôm : động • Hán-Nôm : thông 恫
恿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋʔ) : phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite”). • Alternative form of 勇 (yǒng, “brave; courage; bravery”) 恿 • (yong) · 恿 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong) Hán-Nôm : dũng 恿
悅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lod, *lod) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ Often written as 說 in pre-Qin texts. \ STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). Cognate with 愉 (OC *lo, “happy; pleased”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to speak; to explain”), 脫 (OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd, “to take off (clothes); to escape”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : ywet pleased; contented; gratified • to be pleasing to • to like; to love 悅 (eum 열 (yeol)) Hán-Nôm : duyệt 悅
悌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls). Often written as 弟 in Pre-Qin classics. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tē • Middle-Chinese : dejX • Middle-Chinese : dejH to love and respect one's elder brothers • (chiefly in compounds, of the mind) peaceful; at ease 悌 (eum 제 (je)) Hán-Nôm : đễ 悌
悚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX to fear; to be terrified 悚 (eum 송 (song)) Hán-Nôm : tủng 悚
悵 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Middle-Chinese : trhjangH disappointed; dissatisfied 悵 (eum 창 (chang)) Hán-Nôm : trướng 悵
悶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːns) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 心 \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mun (“dark”) (STEDT). Cognate with 昏 (OC *hmɯːn, “dusk; dark”), Tibetan མུན་པ (mun pa, “darkness”), Burmese မှုန် (hmun, “dim; gloomy”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn • Middle-Chinese : mwonH gloomy; depressed; melancholy • bored • stuffy ‖ 悶(もん) • (mon) ‖ agony 悶 (eumhun 답답할 민 (dapdaphal min)) hanja form of 민 (“agony”) canonical : 悶: Hán Việt readings: muộn • canonical : môn 悶: Nôm readings: muốn • canonical : mụn chữ Hán form of muộn (“sad, sorrowful”). • Nôm form of muốn (“to want, to desire”). 悶
悸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷids) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 季 (OC *kʷids). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjwijH 悸 • (gye) · 悸 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey) 悸
悻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁵ (literary) angry; resentful 悻 (eum 행 (haeng)) Hán-Nôm : hãnh 悻
悽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshej (alt. form 淒／凄) miserable; sorrowful; sad 悽 (eum 처 (cheo)) Hán-Nôm : thê 悽
惆 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : trhjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Middle-Chinese : khjuw disappointed; sad; grieved ‖ ^‡ Alternative form of 恘 (qiū, “perverse”) 惆 (eum 추 (chu)) Hán-Nôm : trù 惆
惘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maŋʔ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 罔 (OC *mlaŋʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bòng • Middle-Chinese : mjangX disappointed; disconcerted; dejected; discouraged 惘 (eum 망 (mang)) Hán-Nôm : võng 惘
惚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːd) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 忽 (OC *hmɯːd). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hut • Middle-Chinese : xwot absent-minded; confused fall in love with • admire • grow senile 惚 (eum 홀 (hol)) Hán-Nôm : hốt • Hán-Nôm : ghen 惚
惧 dread 惧
惨 wretched 惨 • (cham, chim) · 惨 • (cham, chim) (hangeul 참, 침, revised cham, chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, ch'im, Yale cham, chim) Hán-Nôm : thảm • Hán-Nôm : thom 惨
惴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Middle-Chinese : tsyweH 惴 (eum 췌 (chwe)) Hán-Nôm : nhoai 惴
惺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing² • Middle-Chinese : seng • Middle-Chinese : sjengX (literary) intelligent; clever; astute • (literary) to come to understand; to come to realize 惺 • (seong, hwang) · 惺 • (seong, hwang) (hangeul 성, 황, revised seong, hwang, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, hwang, Yale seng, hwang) Hán-Nôm : tênh • Hán-Nôm : tinh 惺
惻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cak¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshik • Middle-Chinese : tsrhik sad; sorrowful; grieved • to be sympathetic; to be empathetic • (literary) sincere; earnest 惻 (eum 측 (cheuk)) Hán-Nôm : trắc 惻
愀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : tshjewX • Middle-Chinese : dzjuwX to look solemn or sad 愀 (eum 초 (cho)) Hán-Nôm : xỉu 愀
愎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Middle-Chinese : bik obstinate; stubborn; headstrong 愎 (eumhun 강퍅할 퍅 (gangpyakhal pyak)) hanja form of 퍅 (“obstinate; stubborn; headstrong”) Hán-Nôm : phục • Hán-Nôm : phức 愎
愜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːb) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 匧 (OC *kʰeːb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Middle-Chinese : khep be satisfied • be comfortable 愜 (eum 협 (hyeop)) be satisfied • be comfortable Hán-Nôm : khép • Hán-Nôm : khiếp • Hán-Nôm : thiếp 愜
愴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX (literary) sad; sorrowful • Alternative form of 滄／沧 (cāng, “cold”) ‖ Only used in 愴怳／怆怳 (chuǎnghuǎng). sad, pathetic 愴 (eum 창 (chang)) Hán-Nôm : sảng • Hán-Nôm : thương 愴
愾 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ • Middle-Chinese : khojH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei³ • Middle-Chinese : xj+jH (literary) to hate; to resent; to be angry ‖ ^† to sigh 愾 • (gae, hui) · 愾 • (gae, hui) (hangeul 개, 희, revised gae, hui, McCune–Reischauer kae, hŭi, Yale kay, huy) Hán-Nôm : khái 愾
慇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯn) : phonetic 殷 (OC *qrɯːn, *qɯn) + semantic 心 (“heart”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'j+n careful, anxious, attentive • Alternative form of 殷 (“courteous; intimate”) ‖ 慇(いん) • (in) ‖ Only used in 慇懃 (ingin, “courteous; intimate”) 慇 (eum 은 (eun)) Hán-Nôm : ân 慇
慚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaːm) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshân • Middle-Chinese : dzam ashamed; embarrassed 慚 • (cham) · 慚 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham) Hán-Nôm : tàm • Hán-Nôm : tuồm • Hán-Nôm : tam • Hán-Nôm : tom • Hán-Nôm : tùm 慚
慝 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nik¹ • Middle-Chinese : thok vice, evil, malevolence • Alternative form of 忒 慝 (eum 특 (teuk)) Hán-Nôm : nấc • Hán-Nôm : nức • Hán-Nôm : thắc 慝
慟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwngH lament, grieve 慟 (eum 통 (tong)) Hán-Nôm : đỏng 慟
慫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 心 (“heart”). \ Probably related to 兇／凶 (xiōng, “fear”) (Schuessler, 2007, p. 480). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 心 (“heart”). \ Probably related to 兇／凶 (xiōng, “fear”) (Schuessler, 2007, p. 480). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˊ (obsolete) to be afraid; to be frightened; to be alarmed • Used in 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng, “to instigate; to incite; to provoke”). ‖ Alternative form of 㞞／𪨊 (sóng) 慫 • (jong) · 慫 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong) Hán-Nôm : túng 慫
慼 Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshereh (Mainland China Hokkien) to sob; to cry softly • (Taiwanese and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to loathe; to hate; to dislike; to be disgusted with • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to resolve to repent and mend one's ways • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) sorrowful; mournful 慼 • (cheok) · 慼 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : thích 慼
憊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pāi • Middle-Chinese : beajH tired; weary; fatigued 憊 (eum 비 (bi)) Hán-Nôm : bị 憊
憑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯŋ) : phonetic 馮 (OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) + semantic 心. ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Middle-Chinese : bing ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : peng¹ to lean on; to lean against • to depend on; to rely on • (colloquial) no matter • on the basis of; according to; by • proof; evidence • (literary) to request • Alternative form of 馮／冯 (“to wade across a river”) ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) to lean against ‖ back (of a chair); backrest to lean on • to depend on • (of a spirit) to possess 憑 (eumhun 기댈 빙 (gidael bing)) hanja form of 빙 (“lean”) Hán-Nôm : bằng equal, even 憑
憚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːns) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to shiver, to tremble”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuānn • Middle-Chinese : danH (literary) to fear 憚 • (tan) · 憚 • (tan) (hangeul 탄) Hán-Nôm : dạn • Hán-Nôm : đạn • Hán-Nôm : đặn 憚
懍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rɯmʔ) : phonetic 稟 (OC *prɯmʔ) + semantic 忄 (“heart, emotions”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lún • Middle-Chinese : limX Hán-Nôm : lầm • Hán-Nôm : lẫm 懍
懣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwonX • Middle-Chinese : manX • Middle-Chinese : mwonH worry • agony • anger 懣 (eum 문 (mun)) be sick at heart • sorrowful, sad Hán-Nôm : muộn 懣
懵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːŋs, *mɯːŋʔ) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 瞢 (OC *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng • Middle-Chinese : muwngX absent-minded; stupid; muddle-headed Hán-Nôm : mộng • Hán-Nôm : mẫng • Hán-Nôm : mỗng 懵
懶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːnʔ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 賴 (OC *raːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Middle-Chinese : lanX lazy; indolent; slothful • sluggish; drowsy • (often with 得) too lazy to do something; not feeling like doing something languid • be lazy • be negligent 懶 (eum 라 (ra), word-initial (South Korea) 나 (na)) · 懶 (eum 란 (ran), word-initial (South Korea) 난 (nan)) Hán-Nôm : lại • Hán-Nôm : lãn • Hán-Nôm : lớn • Hán-Nôm : lười 懶
懺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraːms) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). \ Clipping of 懺摩 (MC tsrhaemH ma, “repentance”), from Sanskrit क्षमा (kṣamā, “patience; forbearance; indulgence”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaemH to repent • to confess on account of repentance 懺 • (cham) · 懺 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham) canonical : 懺: Hán Việt readings: sám 懺: Nôm readings: sám • canonical : sắm • canonical : rám chữ Hán form of sám (“repent”). 懺
懿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'ijH (literary) virtuous; admirable; esteemed (literary) beautiful; splendid 懿 • (ui) · 懿 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, Yale uy) canonical : 懿: Hán Việt readings: ý chữ Hán form of ý (“good, fine, virtuous”). 懿
戍 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“man”) + 戈 (“spear”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù • Middle-Chinese : syuH to defend the frontier; (in general) to defend; to garrison • (literary) soldier that defends the border • (literary) barracks housing a garrison; garrison sword 戍 • (su) · 戍 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) canonical : 戍: Hán Việt readings: thú 戍: Nôm readings: thú chữ Hán form of thú (“border defense, border garrison”). 戍
戕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 戈 (“dagger-axe”) ‖ ‖ More likely, this is a misplaced pronunciation. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Middle-Chinese : ka • Middle-Chinese : dzjang • Middle-Chinese : tsang to kill • to harm • to destroy • (historical) an ancient axe ‖ Only used in 戕牁. ‖ Alternative form of 牁 (kē) kill • slay • wound • injure • hurt 戕 (eumhun 죽일 장 (jugil jang)) kill • slay • wound • injure • hurt Hán-Nôm : tường 戕
戛 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𦣻 (“head”) + 戈 (“halberd”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : aat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ • Middle-Chinese : keat lance • tap or strike lightly Hán-Nôm : giát 戛
戟 Reduced form of 𢧢: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 倝 (“branch, reduction of 榦”) + 戈 (“weapon on pole”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik • Middle-Chinese : kjaek halberd with both a crescent blade and spear tip used in ancient China • to stimulate; to provoke ‖ 戟(げき) • (geki) type of weapon (halberd or spear) ‖ Ji (halberd used in ancient China) 戟 (eum 극 (geuk)) hanja form of 극 (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”) Hán-Nôm : kích chữ Hán form of kích (“Ji, halberd used in ancient China”). 戟
戡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ) : phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums) + semantic 戈 (“dagger-axe”) ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kham • Middle-Chinese : khom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˇ • Middle-Chinese : trimX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zam³ to subjugate; to subdue; to quell ‖ ^‡ ‖ Alternative form of 揕 (zhèn) victory 戡 • (gam) · 戡 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam) subjugate • subdue, quell • kill Hán-Nôm : kham 戡
戢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Middle-Chinese : tsrip (literary, archaic) to store up (weapons) • (literary, archaic) to draw back; to fold back • (literary, archaic) to stop; to put an end to to put away • to cease • store up 戢 (eum 집 (jip)) to put away • to cease • store up Hán-Nôm : tập 戢
戮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯwɢ) : phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws) + semantic 戈 (“dagger axe”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps related to 劉 (OC *m·ru, “slaughter”). Compare also Mru ruk (“shame”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : luk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljuwk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lak to kill; to massacre • to humiliate; to disgrace • to behead a corpse (as posthumous punishment) • to join forces; to cooperate ‖ (Hokkien) to use a tool to pierce an object kill 戮 • (ryuk>yuk) · 戮 • (ryuk>yuk) (hangeul 륙>육, revised ryuk>yuk, McCune–Reischauer ryuk>yuk, Yale lyuk>yuk) Hán-Nôm : lục • Hán-Nôm : lóc • Hán-Nôm : dốc • Hán-Nôm : nhốc • Hán-Nôm : nhộc 戮
戶 Pictogram (象形) : one-half of 門 (“gate”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-k(w)a-j (“mouth; opening; spread; door; face; jaw”). Cognate with Tibetan སྒོ (sgo, “door”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Middle-Chinese : huX ^† door • ^⁜ family; household • Classifier for households. • (only in compounds) bank account • a surname door 戶 (eumhun 지게문 호 (jigemun ho)) house • hole Hán-Nôm : hộ chữ Hán form of hộ (“household; door”). 戶
户 户
戾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let perverse, recalcitrant, rebellious • 6th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contrariety" (𝌋) ‖ Kyūjitai spelling of 戻 ‖ 戾 • (ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol) · 戾 • (ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 려>여, 렬>열, revised ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lye>ye, lyel>yel) Hán-Nôm : lệ 戾
扈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːʔ) : phonetic 戸 () + semantic 邑 (“area”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Middle-Chinese : huX (literary) escort; retinue • (literary) to restrain; to prevent 扈 (eum 호 (ho)) Hán-Nôm : hộ 扈
抉 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Middle-Chinese : kwet • Middle-Chinese : 'wet (literary) to gouge; to dig out; to pick out • (literary) to pick out; to select out • (literary) to pierce; to puncture; to butcher • (literary) to reveal; to expose • (Hokkien) to slap; to hit with one's palm • (Hokkien) to plaster; to paint; to daub (on a wall, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to apply on one's face, hands, etc. (of powder, oil, etc.) • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to sweep across to knock over • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to surpass; to be better than; to overtake gouge • hollow out • bore • pry 抉 • (gyeol) · 抉 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel) choose, select • gouge, pluck out Hán-Nôm : khoét • Hán-Nôm : quyết • Hán-Nôm : quét • Hán-Nôm : quẹt • Hán-Nôm : quạt 抉
抨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːŋ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 平 (OC *ben, *beŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːŋ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 平 (OC *ben, *beŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Middle-Chinese : pheang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ to shoot with a catapult • to pat; to beat • to censure; to attack; to impeach • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand ‖ to make (someone do something); to let censure, impeach 抨 (eum 평 (pyeong)) Hán-Nôm : banh 抨
抿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín to smooth; to brush • to purse; to pucker • to sip • (Hokkien) brush (tool) • (Hokkien) to brush Hán-Nôm : mân 抿
担 to carry, to bear, to shoulder • raise 担 • (dan) · 担 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan) Hán-Nôm : đam • Hán-Nôm : đảm • Hán-Nôm : đẵn • Hán-Nôm : đắn • Hán-Nôm : đẵm • Hán-Nôm : tạ 担
拈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ni • Middle-Chinese : nem pick up with fingers or draw lots to twist 拈 • (nyeom>yeom) · 拈 • (nyeom>yeom) (hangeul 념>염, revised nyeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer nyŏm>yŏm, Yale nyem>yem) Hán-Nôm : chêm • Hán-Nôm : niêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : chớm • Hán-Nôm : niếm • Hán-Nôm : nắm 拈
拋 Described as an Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 手 (“hand”) + 尤 + 力 (“power”) and/or \ a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰreːw, *pʰreːws) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 𡯄 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua • Middle-Chinese : phaew to throw away; to discard; to cast; to toss • to give up; to abandon; to reject • to sell in large quantities or at low prices • (literary, or in compounds) to reveal; to expose; to uncover 拋 • (po) · 拋 • (po) (hangeul 포) Hán-Nôm : phao 拋
拎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng to lift; to carry in one's hand • (Cantonese) to take; to hold Hán-Nôm : lanh • Hán-Nôm : linh • Hán-Nôm : nhạnh 拎
拚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 弁 (OC *brons). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn • Middle-Chinese : pjunH • Middle-Chinese : bjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : pjunH Original form of 拼 (pīn). ‖ to clap risk • disregard • go all out for Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : phấn 拚
拮 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Middle-Chinese : kjit • Middle-Chinese : ket Used in 拮据 (jiéjū). 拮 • (gil, gyeol) · 拮 • (gil, gyeol) (hangeul 길, 결, revised gil, gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kil, kyŏl, Yale kil, kyel) Hán-Nôm : cất • Hán-Nôm : cắt • Hán-Nôm : gặt • Hán-Nôm : gật • Hán-Nôm : kiết • Hán-Nôm : két • Hán-Nôm : kít 拮
挈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːd) : phonetic 㓞 () + semantic 手 (“hand”). ‖ Probably a variant of 提 (the̍h, “to take”). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiat • Middle-Chinese : khet ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ to raise; to lift • to take along; to carry; to lead (one's family) ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to take; to retrieve; to fetch; to get; to bring; to carry ‖ (Eastern Min) to use, by means of, with ‖ unique carry in hand 挈 • (seol, gye) · 挈 • (seol, gye) (hangeul 설, 계, revised seol, gye, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, kye, Yale sel, kyey) assist, help • lead by hand 挈
挟 pinch • between 挟
挾 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍p • Middle-Chinese : hep ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nge̍eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeeh to clasp under the arm; to hold under the armpit • to coerce; to force obedience • to harbor (resentment, etc.) • to carry ‖ (Hokkien) to have something caught between two things; to sandwich something between two things put between • insert • jam • get caught • sandwich 挾 • (hyeop) · 挾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep) Hán-Nôm : xáp • Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : giáp • Hán-Nôm : rơi 挾
捩 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍t • Middle-Chinese : lejH • Middle-Chinese : let ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : leh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerh (literary) to turn around • (literary) to reverse; to turn around (an undesirable situation); to remedy ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to pick up something with one's fingertips, especially with one's thumb and forefinger 捩 • (ryeol>yeol) · 捩 • (ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 렬>열, revised ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lyel>yel) 捩
捫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːn) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Middle-Chinese : mwon 捫 (eum 문 (mun)) Hán-Nôm : môn 捫
据 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : kjo Only used in 拮据 (jiéjū, “short of money; diligent”). set • lay a foundation, install, equip • squat down; sit down 据 • (geo) · 据 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke) Hán-Nôm : cứ • Hán-Nôm : cư • Hán-Nôm : cớ 据
捱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ê to endure; to suffer; to put up with • to drag out; to delay; to stall • to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time) put off, procrastinate • endure 捱 • (ae) · 捱 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay) Hán-Nôm : nhay 捱
捲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡron) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 卷 (OC *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuán • Middle-Chinese : gjwen • Middle-Chinese : kjwenX • Middle-Chinese : kjwenH to roll; to roll up; to curl • roll; cylinder; tube; scroll • rolled up; curly • Classifier for rolled objects: rolls, reels ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • to sweep up; to carry along; to sweep away • to embroil; to involve • (neologism, slang) Short for 內捲／内卷 (“intense competition among peers; to study harder or work longer as a result”). curl • roll • wind • turn over (a playing card) • flip through 捲 (eum 권 (gwon)) Hán-Nôm : cuốn • Hán-Nôm : quyền • Hán-Nôm : cuộn • Hán-Nôm : quấn • Hán-Nôm : quén • Hán-Nôm : quyển • Hán-Nôm : quyện 捲
掄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːn, *run) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nng • Middle-Chinese : lwin • Middle-Chinese : lwon (literary) to select • to swing; to brandish • (literary) to waste money 掄 • (ryun>yun) · 掄 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun) Hán-Nôm : dọn • Hán-Nôm : luân • Hán-Nôm : luồn 掄
掖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iā • Middle-Chinese : yek side (of body); carry under arm 掖 (eum 액 (aek)) Hán-Nôm : dịch 掖
掙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 爭. Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiānn to struggle to get free • to struggle to support • to earn; to make • to hold open (with force) to wrench open • to ((force)) with all one's might Hán-Nôm : tránh • Hán-Nôm : giành 掙
掣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjeds, *kʰjed) : phonetic 制 (OC *kjeds) + semantic 手 (“hand”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiat • Middle-Chinese : tsyhejH • Middle-Chinese : tsyhet ‖ to pull; to tug; to drag • to hinder by pulling back; to draw • (literary) to flash past • (Southern Min) to shiver; to shake • (Southern Min) to be afraid; to be scared; to be frightened ‖ (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) electrical switch (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, computing) key (on a keyboard); button (on a video game controller) (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, graphical user interface) button (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese) pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) · (Cantonese, specifically) brake pedal • (Cantonese) button; push-button; switch; component for controlling device (Classifier: 粒 c; 個／个 c) 掣 • (che, cheol) · 掣 • (che, cheol) (hangeul 체, 철) Hán-Nôm : xiết • Hán-Nôm : xế • Hán-Nôm : xía • Hán-Nôm : siết 掣
掬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluɡ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiuh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok • Middle-Chinese : kjuwk (literary) to grasp or hold with both hands • (Mainland China Hokkien) to recoil; to tighten; to draw back • (Mainland China Hokkien) to slightly wrinkle; to crease a little • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to struggle; to attempt scoop up water with the hand 掬 • (guk) · 掬 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk) Hán-Nôm : cúc 掬
揀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 扌 (“hands”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ, “to choose”). Originally written 柬. \ Compare Thai กลั่น (glàn, “to distill; to extract”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Middle-Chinese : keanX • Middle-Chinese : lenH to choose; to pick • Alternative form of 撿／捡 (“to pick up”) select 揀 • (gan, yeon) · 揀 • (gan, yeon) (hangeul 간, 연, revised gan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer kan, yŏn, Yale kan, yen) Hán-Nôm : gióng • Hán-Nôm : giáng • Hán-Nôm : giản • Hán-Nôm : kiêm 揀
揆 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : gjwijX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue̍h ^⁜ guess; to conjecture; to surmise; to reckon • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Hong Kong, Taiwan, formal) prime minister • (dated or formal) leader of the government · (Taiwan, formal) president of the Executive Yuan; premier of the Republic of China • (dated or formal) leader of the government ‖ Alternative form of 劌／刿 (“to rub against; classifier for a segment or section of something that is long”) category • plan • drumstick 揆 • (gyu) · 揆 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) Hán-Nôm : quẫy 揆
揖 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ip • Middle-Chinese : 'jip ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ to salute with one hand clasping the other in front of one's chest • to politely decline; to modestly decline ‖ Alternative form of 輯／辑 (jí, “to gather”) 揖 • (eup, jeup) · 揖 • (eup, jeup) (hangeul 읍, 즙) Hán-Nôm : ập 揖
搗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːwʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 島 (OC *tuːwʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : táu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Middle-Chinese : tawX to pound with a pestle; to smash • to beat with a stick; to smash • to make trouble; to disturb; to mess up • to attack (an enemy); to mount an offensive pound, husk 搗 (eum 도 (do)) Hán-Nôm : đẽo • Hán-Nôm : đảo • Hán-Nôm : đểu 搗
搪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Middle-Chinese : dang 搪 • (dang) · 搪 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) Hán-Nôm : đường 搪
搶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiáunn • Middle-Chinese : tshjang • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX • Middle-Chinese : tshjangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjang • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjangX • Middle-Chinese : tshjangX to snatch away • to fight over; to scramble for; to compete for • to rush • to scrape ‖ (literary) to knock; to hit; to strike • to go in the opposite direction 搶 • (chang) · 搶 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang) Hán-Nôm : sang • Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : thưởng 搶
搽 From 塗 (OC *rlaː, “to daub”) (Liu, 1984). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâ to apply; to anoint 搽 • (cha) · 搽 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha) Hán-Nôm : chà • Hán-Nôm : trà 搽
摑 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄞ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kweak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka̍k to slap the face ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to cast (something to hit someone) • (Hokkien) to throw away; to toss box one's ears • slap • catch, seize • grasp, hold • arrest, capture 摑 (eumhun 칠 괵 (chil goek)) hanja form of 괵 (“hit”) Hán-Nôm : quắc • Hán-Nôm : quặc 摑
摒 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìng • Middle-Chinese : pjiengH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : beng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piànn to expel; to cast off ‖ (Cantonese, Hokkien) to clean up; to tidy up • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) to hide • (Hokkien) to dump; to empty 摒 (eumhun 제거할 병 (jegeohal byeong)) Hán-Nôm : bính 摒
摟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *ro) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Middle-Chinese : lju • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lju • Middle-Chinese : luw ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lau³ to hug; to embrace • armspan ‖ to gather up • (colloquial) to pull up; to tuck up • to extort; to rake in • (regional) to calculate with an abacus • (regional) to calculate with an abacus · (regional, figurative) to verify through calculation; to examine and calculate; to assess • (dialectal) to pull; to draw • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to drape; to cover • (Cantonese, of insects) to crawl or hover over ‖ to pull in; to rope in; to gather ‖ (Cantonese, transitive) to instigate; to invite; to tempt • (Cantonese, transitive) to provoke hug, embrace • drag, pull Hán-Nôm : lùa • Hán-Nôm : lâu 摟
摺 ‖ ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 摺 – see 褶 (“pleat; crease; fold; wrinkle; lined clothing; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 褶). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsih • Middle-Chinese : tsyep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚ • Middle-Chinese : lop to destroy • to fold • booklet • foldable • side • (Cantonese) to close down; to fold • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stay at a place • (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) unsocialized; uninteracting towards others • (Mainland China Hokkien) Classifier for folds of thin sheets. ‖ Used in personal names. ‖ Alternative form of 拉 (“to break; to snap”) to rub • to fold 摺 • (jeop) · 摺 • (jeop) (hangeul 접, revised jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŏp, Yale cep) Hán-Nôm : dập 摺
撈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːw, *reːw) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). ‖ ‖ ‖ Clipping of 撈鬆／捞松 (laau¹ sung¹). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : law ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : laau¹ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for • (dialectal) to grab; to take up • (figurative) to gain by improper means • (Eastern Min) to blanch; to scald; to cook briefly in boiling water • (Northern Min) to look for; to seek ‖ Used in 撈什子／捞什子, alternative form of 勞什子／劳什子 (láoshízi) ‖ (Cantonese) to mix; to stir • (Cantonese) to earn a living • (Cantonese) to want • (Cantonese) to tease ‖ (Cantonese, derogatory) non-Cantonese Chinese; northern Chinese; Mandarin-speaking Chinese ‖ (Hokkien) to dredge up; to scoop out of water; to fish for 撈 • (ro>no) · 撈 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no) Hán-Nôm : lau • Hán-Nôm : lao • Hán-Nôm : lạo • Hán-Nôm : trau 撈
撐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 牚 (OC *rtʰaːŋs) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 牚 (OC *rtʰaːŋs) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang⁶ to prop up; to support • to push off (with a pole) • to sustain; to maintain • to open; to unfurl • to fill to the point of bursting • (Cantonese, figuratively) to support ‖ (Cantonese) to fill (a space); to expand Support, prop up, brace. • The main support or pillar. • Eat one's fill, feast. 撐 (eum 탱 (taeng)) Hán-Nôm : sênh • Hán-Nôm : sanh • Hán-Nôm : xênh • Hán-Nôm : xinh • Hán-Nôm : xanh 撐
撓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu • Middle-Chinese : xaw • Middle-Chinese : nraewX to disturb; to bother; to upset • to stir; to mix • to scratch • Alternative form of 鬧／闹 (nào, “noisy”) • to bend; to yield; to flinch • (Nanning Pinghua) paw; claw 撓 • (yo) · 撓 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) Hán-Nôm : nhéo • Hán-Nôm : nạo • Hán-Nôm : não • Hán-Nôm : nàu • Hán-Nôm : ngoéo • Hán-Nôm : nhàu • Hán-Nôm : ngàu • Hán-Nôm : nao • Hán-Nôm : nảo • Hán-Nôm : nảu • Hán-Nôm : nãu • Hán-Nôm : nạu • Hán-Nôm : nhao • Hán-Nôm : nháo • Hán-Nôm : nháu • Hán-Nôm : nhảu • Hán-Nôm : nhảo 撓
撚 ‖ See 𡳞. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Middle-Chinese : nenX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lan² to pinch; to pick up (with one's fingers) • to take; to hold • to rub (with one's fingers) • to fiddle; to fidget • to play tricks; to toy with; to tease • to trample; to tread • Alternative form of 攆／撵 (niǎn, “to expel; to drive out”) • (music) to press on or lightly pinch in the strings of the pipa to produce a wave-like effect • (Southern Min) to swindle; to defraud ‖ penis (Classifier: 條／条 c; 轆／辘 c) • fucking; freaking; the hell; the fuck • (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er (usually for males) • Negates the meaning of the sentence: fuck all, my ass, like fuck, no fucking way to twist 撚 (eumhun 비틀 년 (biteul nyeon), word-initial (South Korea) 비틀 연 (biteul yeon)) Hán-Nôm : niệm 撚
撥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːd) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 發 (OC *pad). ‖ Likely a glottalized variant of 把 (MC paeX, “to hold; to give (dialectal)”) (Dai, 2004). Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat • Middle-Chinese : pat ‖ (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to dispel; to scatter • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to distribute; to allocate (resources, staff, etc); to set aside (money) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to dial (a phone number) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to push aside or forward with the foot, hand, stick, etc. • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to stir; to pluck • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (figurative) to incite; to excite • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to play a plucked string instrument • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to wave a fan • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · to poke (a fire) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to take out (time, etc.) • (transitive) to turn around; to move in a "waving", scattering way, including: · (Southern Min) to divert; to reallocate; to misappropriate (money, funds, etc.) • (intransitive) to wave; to sweep; to whirl • (intransitive) to ferment (of wine); to brew • (transitive) to delete; to cut • (transitive) to reject; to abandon • (transitive) to govern; to rule; to pacify • plectrum • Classifier for people or things: group; batch ‖ to give • to allow • to; for; by ‖ 撥(ばち) or 撥(バチ) • (bachi) ‖ plectrum for instruments such as the biwa and shamisen 撥 (eumhun 다스릴 발 (daseuril bal)) · 撥 (eumhun 방패 벌 (bangpae beol)) Hán-Nôm : phết • Hán-Nôm : bát • Hán-Nôm : phiết 撥
撫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m̥ʰaʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 無 (OC *ma). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : phjuX to stroke; to caress • (alt. form 拊) to pat; to strike; to clap • to play; to pluck (an instrument) • to console; to comfort • to hold; to possess; to control • to nurture; to take care of • (Suzhounese, by extension) to wash stroke, pat 撫 • (mu) · 撫 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu) Hán-Nôm : vỗ • Hán-Nôm : dỗ • Hán-Nôm : phủ • Hán-Nôm : vồ 撫
撻 ‖ table \ Borrowed from English tart. ‖ table \ Borrowed from English start. ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that • Middle-Chinese : that ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ to flog • to chastise • brave • (archery) leather grip at the nocking point in a bow string • Alternative form of 鰨／鳎 (tǎ) ‖ (chiefly Cantonese) tart (pastry) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) vulva ‖ (Cantonese) to start (an engine, a vehicle, etc.); to ignite ‖ (Cantonese, slang) to steal ‖ (Cantonese, intransitive) to fall down • (Cantonese, transitive) to slam; to thud • (Cantonese, transitive) to pressure (someone) with one's authority or influence • (Cantonese, transitive) to show off (something) ‖ (Cantonese) to droop • (Cantonese) to lie limply 撻 • (dal) · 撻 • (dal) (hangeul 달) Hán-Nôm : dặt • Hán-Nôm : đặt • Hán-Nôm : thát 撻
撿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : ljemX ^† (alt. form 檢／检) to restrain; to constrain • ^† (alt. form 檢／检) to investigate • to pick up; to collect • to put in order • (dialectal Hakka) to take; to get ‖ 撿 • (geom) · 撿 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem) Hán-Nôm : kiểm 撿
擄 From 虜 (OC *raːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX to capture; to seize • to plunder; to rob 擄 • (ro>no) · 擄 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no) Hán-Nôm : lỗ 擄
擋 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). \ From 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to have the value of; to be equal of; to face; vis-à-vis; to match”) and originally written as 當 (Wang, 1982). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Middle-Chinese : tangH to block; to obstruct • to hide from view; to cover; to obscure • (automotive) gear • (Northern Wu) to handle; to keep in place; to hold fast; to hold and shield with hand Hán-Nôm : đương • Hán-Nôm : đáng 擋
擘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *preːɡ) : phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ) + semantic 手 (“hand”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : peeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piak • Middle-Chinese : peak (literary) thumb • (literary, figurative) outstanding person • (literary or dialectal) to split; to break; to tear (with one's fingers) • (literary or dialectal) to open; to spread 擘 • (byeok) · 擘 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek) Hán-Nôm : bài • Hán-Nôm : phách 擘
擠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls). ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé • Middle-Chinese : tsej • Middle-Chinese : tsejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jik ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh to crowd together tightly; to squeeze • to squeeze one's way in; to cram in • to squeeze out; to wring; to use pressure to extract • (Cantonese) to place; to put ‖ (Hokkien) to squeeze out • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to injure the bones, muscles, or joints of one's arms or legs due to violent and sudden contact with a hard object ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𤲍 (xiá) 擠 (eum 제 (je)) Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tể • Hán-Nôm : tễ 擠
擰 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàm • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ to twist; to wring • to pinch; to tweak ‖ to twist; to screw • (colloquial) wrong; mistaken • (colloquial, of two people) to disagree; to be at odds ‖ (colloquial) stubborn; obstinate; unbending; headstrong ‖ (Cantonese) to turn around Hán-Nôm : ninh 擰
擱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koh to place; to put; to lay down • to add • to hold; to contain • to delay • to bear; to stand; to endure lay down • put down 擱 (eum 각 (gak)) place, put, lay down • delay Hán-Nôm : gác • Hán-Nôm : các 擱
擲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deɡ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 鄭 (OC *deŋs). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : drjek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn ‖ ‖ to throw; to hurl; to cast; to fling ‖ (Hokkien) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Teochew) to throw; to hurl ‖ (Hakka) to throw; to hurl (especially something heavy) ‖ 擲(たたき) • (Tataki) abandon, throw away • hit, strike ‖ a surname 擲 • (cheok) · 擲 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : trịch • Hán-Nôm : trạnh • Hán-Nôm : chệch • Hán-Nôm : sịch • Hán-Nôm : trệch • Hán-Nôm : xệch 擲
擺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *preːlʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 罷 (OC *breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ). ‖ Zhao (1990) and Li (2005) consider this to be a Kra-Dai substrate word; compare Zhuang baez, Bouyei baiz, Lingao fɔi³. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái • Middle-Chinese : peaX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mái to get rid of; to break free from; to push aside • to separate; to divide • to put; to place; to arrange • to put on; to assume (air); to display • (regional) to talk; to speak; to lay bare; to state clearly • to sway; to wave; to swing • pendulum • (neologism, slang) Short for 擺爛／摆烂 (bǎilàn, “to strive instead for shoddiness”). • (dialectal) malaria • (archaic) to scheme; to set up • (archaic) to wrap • Alternative form of 捭 (“to hit; to beat”) • a surname ‖ (Southern Min, Hakka, Malaysian Cantonese) Classifier for occurrences: time 擺 (eum 파 (pa)) Hán-Nôm : bẫy • Hán-Nôm : bài • Hán-Nôm : bãi • Hán-Nôm : bay • Hán-Nôm : bãy • Hán-Nôm : bai • Hán-Nôm : báy 擺
擻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : suwX Hán-Nôm : sú • Hán-Nôm : tẩu • Hán-Nôm : xỏ • Hán-Nôm : xổ • Hán-Nôm : số 擻
擾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎ • Middle-Chinese : nyewX to disturb; to trouble • (literary) confused; disordered • (polite) to receive money, goods or food; to enjoy hospitality to disturb • troubled; turbulent • to become attached to • to make someone attached to 擾 • (yo) · 擾 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) Hán-Nôm : nhiễu • Hán-Nôm : nhầu 擾
攆 Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn to expel; to oust • (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) to chase after; to run after • (Teochew) to push with the hands • (Kinmenese Hokkien) to cut Hán-Nôm : liễn 攆
攏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láng • Middle-Chinese : luwngX to gather together; to collect • (literary, or in compounds) to approach; to draw near to • to total; to add up; to amount to • to comb; to brush (hair, mane, etc.) • (archaic) to pick; to pluck (strings on an instrument) • (Southern Min, Zhao'an Hakka) all; both • (Sichuanese) to arrive • a surname: Long collect • bring together 攏 • (rong>nong) · 攏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong) press down • stroke • bind • harmonize with • berth, tie up • comb • soothe Hán-Nôm : long 攏
攔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn) : 手 (“hands”) + 闌. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ânn • Middle-Chinese : lan to obstruct; to impede; to bar; to hinder • to face 攔 • (ran>nan) · 攔 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan) Hán-Nôm : dan • Hán-Nôm : dang • Hán-Nôm : dàn • Hán-Nôm : lan • Hán-Nôm : đan 攔
攘 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng • Middle-Chinese : nyang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáng • Middle-Chinese : nyangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄤˋ • Middle-Chinese : nyangH to repel; to expel • to steal; to snatch • to invade; to seize by force • (alt. form 纕／𬙋) to pull up the sleeves • (alt. form 禳) to pray or offer sacrifices to avert disaster ‖ to throw into disorder; to disturb ‖ Original form of 讓／让 (ràng, “to yield; to give in”). 攘 (eum 양 (yang)) Hán-Nôm : nhương to capture, obtain • to give chase, to expel • to eliminate 攘
攙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm, *sʰraːm) : semantic 手 + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsham • Middle-Chinese : dzream • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaem to stab; to insert • sharp • to mix; to blend; to adulterate • to support by the arm • to take by force; to seize give helping hand 攙 (eum 참 (cham)) to give a helping hand • to support, hold up Hán-Nôm : sọm 攙
攜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeː) : phonetic 巂 () + semantic 扌 (“hand”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Middle-Chinese : hwej to carry; to bear • to take along; to take somebody by the hand • to lead by hand • to co-operate; hand in hand • King Xie of the Zhou dynasty Original form of 携 Hán-Nôm : huề 攜
攣 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luān • Middle-Chinese : ljwen ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun¹ to spasm and become curled, unable to be stretched ‖ (Cantonese) curved; curly; twisted • (Cantonese) to curve; to bend • (Cantonese, slang) homosexual; not straight 攣 • (ryeon>yeon) · 攣 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen) Hán-Nôm : loang • Hán-Nôm : luyên 攣
攤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Middle-Chinese : than ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : nanX • Middle-Chinese : nanH to spread something out; to lay out • stand, stall or table where goods are exhibited and sold • to distribute; to share (responsibility) • to cook by flattening and frying a batter or paste • to befall; to encounter (something undesirable) • (Cantonese) to lie down • (Cantonese) to let something cool down • (Southern Min) Classifier for work, business, meals. ‖ to press open • broaden • apportion 攤 • (tan) · 攤 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than) spread out, open • apportion Hán-Nôm : nặn • Hán-Nôm : nắn • Hán-Nôm : than • Hán-Nôm : thán 攤
攪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk (“rouse; awaken; disturb”). Cognate with 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ, “to learn; to study”), 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ, “to awaken”), Tibetan དཀྲོག (dkrog, “to agitate; to rouse”), Tibetan འཁྲུག་པ ('khrug pa, “to be disturbed; to quarrel”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiauh • Middle-Chinese : kaewX to disturb; to annoy • to mix; to stir ‖ to disturb ‖ 攪 • (gyo) · 攪 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : giao 攪
攫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷaɡ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 矍 (OC *kʷaɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwak (of animals) to grab using claws • to grab; to snatch; to seize abduct 攫 (eum 확 (hwak)) Hán-Nôm : quắc 攫
攬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) – to grasp with the hand. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lamX to grasp, to take hold of • to monopolize; to control • to pick; to gather • to take on; to adopt • (Cantonese, Gan, Min) to hug; to embrace in the arms • (Cantonese) fitting (tube connector) 攬 • (ram>nam) · 攬 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam) Hán-Nôm : lãm 攬
敍 敍 • (seo) · 敍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se) Hán-Nôm : tự 敍
敖 Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person with a headress. 攴 was later added to emphasize action, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”) ‖ Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person with a headress. 攴 was later added to emphasize action, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngaw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo (literary) Original form of 遨 (áo, “to ramble; to play about”). • to tease; to joke; to flirt with • to make an uproar • someone who has not assumed the throne, and thus has no posthumous name, due to dying early • four-chi-high dog • Original form of 廒 (áo, “granary”). • Alternative form of 螯 (áo, “pincer; nipper; claw”) • Alternative form of 熬 (“to cook on slow fire; to boil”) • (historical) An ancient place in the northwest of today Xingyang, Henan. • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 傲 (“haughty; arrogant; conceited”) play • be proud 敖 (eum 오 (o)) Hán-Nôm : ngào 敖
敝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 㡀 () + semantic 攴. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè • Middle-Chinese : bjiejH (polite) my; our • (literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered • (literary) decayed; corrupted • tired; fatigued • to fail; to be defeated • to break; to destroy • Alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”) • Alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”) 敝 (eum 폐 (pye)) Hán-Nôm : tệ 敝
数 Unorthodox variant of 數, attested since Ming dynasty. Simplified from 數 (婁 → 娄). ‖ 数(かず) • (kazu) ‖ 数(すう) • (sū) ‖ 数(すう) • (sū-) ‖ number; amount ‖ (mathematics) number ‖ several 数 (eumhun 셀 수 (sel su)) Alternative form of 數 (“hanja form of 수 (“number”)”) canonical : 数: Hán Việt readings: số 数: Nôm readings: số • canonical : sổ • canonical : sộ • canonical : sỗ • canonical : xọ Alternative form of 數 数
斂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams) : phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam) + semantic 攴. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : ljemX • Middle-Chinese : ljemH to draw back; to fold back • to collect • 35th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "gathering" (𝌨) tighten, stiffen 斂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 斂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem) Hán-Nôm : kiếm • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : liệm 斂
斃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 死 (“death”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pè • Middle-Chinese : bjiejH to fall down; to collapse • to drop dead; to die; to perish; to be killed • (colloquial) to kill with a gun (especially for execution) • to be defeated • (colloquial) to cancel (a show, etc.); to reject 斃 • (pye) · 斃 • (pye) (hangeul 폐, revised pye, McCune–Reischauer p'ye, Yale phyey) Hán-Nôm : tệ • Hán-Nôm : tễ 斃
斐 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² • Middle-Chinese : phj+jX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ (literary) brilliant; magnificent • Used in transcription. ‖ a surname brilliant; magnificent 斐 • (bi) · 斐 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : phỉ 斐
斡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷaːd) : phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 斗. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : 'wat to revolve; to spin; to rotate • a surname: Wo • (Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to change direction; to turn • (Hokkien) Classifier for bends, curves or turns. • (Hokkien) curved; crooked; bent • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for go around • rule • administer 斡 (eumhun 돌 알 (dol al)) hanja form of 알 (“spin”) Hán-Nôm : oát • Hán-Nôm : quản 斡
斫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh • Middle-Chinese : tsyak (literary) to hack; to chop 斫 (eum 작 (jak)) Hán-Nôm : chước • Hán-Nôm : trác 斫
断 ‖ 断(だん) • (dan) sever, chop off • interrupt • refuse, decline, abstain from ‖ refuse, decline 断
旌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsleŋ) : semantic 㫃 + phonetic 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : tsjeng banner or flag adorned with feathers • to make clear • to recognize; to distinguish • to honor officially; to commend 旌 (eum 정 (jeong)) Hán-Nôm : tinh 旌
旎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nrjeX Used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ). • Used in 旎旎. Hán-Nôm : nể • Hán-Nôm : nỉ 旎
旖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qral, *qralʔ) : semantic 㫃 + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : í • Middle-Chinese : 'je • Middle-Chinese : 'jeX Only used in 旖旎 (yǐnǐ). Hán-Nôm : ỷ 旖
旧 ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?) ‖ 旧(きゅう) • (kyū-) ^(←きう (kiu)?) ‖ old things, original state, former state, old times • the old calendar based on a lunar system ‖ paleo-, ex-, old, previous, former 旧
昼 ‖ 昼(ひる) • (hiru) ‖ 昼(ちゅう) • (chū) ^(←ちう (tiu)?) ‖ the daytime • 午: the noon, midday • Short for 昼ご飯 (hiru gohan) or 昼飯 (hirumeshi): lunch • the heyday or peak period of something ‖ day, daytime • noon, midday 昼
晉 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臸 (“to arrive”) + 日 (“sun”) \ The I Ching relates it to 進／进 (jìn)https://ctext.org/book-of-changes/jin, whose etymology is unknown (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìn • Middle-Chinese : tsinH to advance; to increase • to promote • (～國) Chinese feudal state of Jin (11th century BCE–376 BCE), a state of the Zhou Dynasty in northern China • (～朝) Chinese Jin dynasty (266–420) • 35th hexagram of the I Ching (䷢) • Alternative name for 山西 (Shānxī, “Shanxi”). • (～語) Jin (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Shanxi) • a surname to proceed • Jin dynasty 晉 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin)) hanja form of 진 (“advance, increase”) Hán-Nôm : tấn • Hán-Nôm : tắn • Hán-Nôm : tớn 晉
晏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːns, *qraːns) : semantic 日 + phonetic 安 (OC *qaːn). Cantonese · Jyutping : aan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àn • Middle-Chinese : 'anH • Middle-Chinese : 'aenH late; near the end of a period of time • late in the day • (Cantonese) lunch (Classifier: 餐 c) • sunny and cloudless • peaceful; tranquil; serene • a surname ‖ 晏(あん) • (an) late • quiet • sets (sun) ‖ late (of time) • peaceful; tranquil; calm; quiet 晏 • (an) · 晏 • (an) (hangeul 안, revised an, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an) Hán-Nôm : yến 晏
晒 bleach • expose 晒
晤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gōo • Middle-Chinese : nguH to meet; to see • ^† Alternative form of 悟 (wù) 晤 (eum 오 (o)) Hán-Nôm : ngộ • Hán-Nôm : cữ 晤
晩 ‖ 晩(ばん) • (ban) ‖ 晩(ばん) • (-ban) evening, night • late ‖ evening • night ‖ nights, evenings 晩 • (man) · 晩 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man) canonical : 晩: Hán Việt readings: vãn 晩: Nôm readings: muộn • canonical : vãn chữ Hán form of vãn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of muộn (“late, evening, late afternoon”). • Nôm form of vãn (“about to end, about to close, about to disappear”). 晩
暈 Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. ‖ Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. ‖ Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo. \ Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). \ Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g • Middle-Chinese : hjunH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Middle-Chinese : hjunH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̄g (astronomy) halo (around the Sun or the Moon) • ring of light or colour, or a blurred area surrounding a luminous or coloured object; halo around a light or colour • blush; slight redness • ring-shaped pattern • bull's eye • to spread; to proliferate; to seep through • to apply (colour, especially makeup) ‖ to make one feel dizzy; to feel the head spinning; to have vertigo ‖ dizzy; giddy; lightheaded • to faint; to pass out; to black out; to swoon • (neologism, slang) to be overwhelmed (by something) and on the verge of passing out • (Sichuanese) to savour; to enjoy slowly and thoroughly ‖ 暈(かさ) • (kasa) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un) ‖ 暈(うん) • (un) blur, haze • mental haze or senility • intentional blurring or gradation ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) ‖ halo (atmospheric phenomenon) • dizzy; giddy 暈 (eumhun 무리 훈 (muri hun)) ‖ 暈 (eumhun 어지러울 운 (eojireoul un)) ‖ hanja form of 운 (“halo”) canonical : 暈: Hán Việt readings: vựng • canonical : vận • canonical : quầng 暈: Nôm readings: vầng • canonical : vừng • canonical : quầng • canonical : vựng Nôm form of vầng, vừng (“ring; circle”). • Nôm form of quầng (“halo in the sky”). 暈
暉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰul) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjw+j sunlight; sunshine light, shine 暉 (eumhun 빛 휘 (bit hwi)) canonical : 暉: Hán Việt readings: huy 暉: Nôm readings: hoe • canonical : huy 暉
暨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯds, *kɯds, *krɯd) : phonetic 既 (OC *kɯds) + semantic 旦 (“sunrise”). \ Maybe exopassive of 及 (jí) (Baxter 1992, apud Schuessler 2007). Schuessler considers relation to 迄 (qì, “to reach to”) and 既 (jì, “already”) less likely as the Middle Chinese vowels do not agree. \ Related to 訖／讫 (qì). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kái • Middle-Chinese : gjijH ^‡ initial appearance of sunrise • (alt. form 臮) (literary) and; cum • (literary) to attain; to reach • a surname Alternative form of 曁. 暨 • (gi) · 暨 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : kị 暨
暹 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 日 (“sun”) + 進 (“to advance”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām • Middle-Chinese : sjem (of the sun) to rise • (historical) the Thai kingdom of Ayutthaya; later short for 暹羅／暹罗 (Xiānluó, “Siam”). 暹 • (seom) · 暹 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem) Hán-Nôm : Xiêm (historical) Siam 暹
曠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːŋs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuìnn • Middle-Chinese : khwangH (obsolete) bright; clear • broad; vast; extensive • free from worries and petty ideas • distant (in time) • loose-fitting • to neglect; to skip (class or work); to waste (time) • a surname wide open space, void • worthless 曠 • (gwang) · 曠 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang) extensive, wide, broad • empty Hán-Nôm : khoảng • Hán-Nôm : khoáng • Hán-Nôm : quãng • Hán-Nôm : thoáng 曠
曦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 羲 (OC *hŋral). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje (literary) sunshine; dawn sunlight • Alternative form of 羲 (xī) the sun 曦 • (hui) · 曦 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy) sunlight • sunshine • early dawn 曦
曳 Possibly related to 抴 (OC *lebs, *led, “to pull”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Compare Zhuang yaez (“inferior”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Middle-Chinese : yejH ‖ to drag; to pull • (literary) to float in the wind; to sway • (obsolete) tired; fatigued ‖ (Cantonese) inferior; of poor quality • (Cantonese) naughty; ill-behaved; unruly ‖ 曳(えい) • (ei) drag, pull ‖ drag; pull 曳 (eum 예 (ye)) Hán-Nôm : dấy 曳
曷 Shuowen Jiezi: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːd) : phonetic 匃 () + semantic 曰 \ Cognate with 何 (OC *ɡaːl, “what; where; why; how”). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hot⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hat • Middle-Chinese : hat why; what; where; how; when 曷 • (gal) · 曷 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal) Hán-Nôm : hạt • Hán-Nôm : hột 曷
朧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ, *roŋs) : semantic 月 (“moon”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). \ Unlike most other characters with a 月 (yuè)-like component on the left, this character's 月 (yuè) is not the cursive form of 肉; 朦朧／朦胧 (ménglóng) was originally used in reference to the moon. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng (of moonlight) hazy; dim ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) -na (adnominal 朧(おぼろ)な (oboro na), adverbial 朧(おぼろ)に (oboro ni)) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (oboro) ‖ 朧(おぼろ) • (Oboro) hazy, cloudy ‖ hazy, cloudy • uncertain, unreliable ‖ minced meat or seafood • Short for 朧昆布 (oboro-konbu): shredded kelp • Short for 朧豆腐 (oboro-dōfu): • Short for 朧饅頭 (oboro-manjū): steamed bun with the outer covering removed after steaming ‖ a female given name • a surname 朧 (eumhun 흐릿할 롱 (heurithal rong), word-initial (South Korea) 흐릿할 농 (heurithal nong)) hanja form of 롱/농 (“Used in 몽롱(朦朧) (mongnong)”) Hán-Nôm : lung • Hán-Nôm : lông 朧
朮 Pictogram (象形) . It is the original character of 秫. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seot⁶ Original form of 秫 (shú, “glutinous millet; sorghum”). ‖ Used in compounds such as 白朮／白术 (báizhú), a type of herbal medicine. ‖ 朮(おけら) or 朮(オケラ) • (okera) ^(←をけら (wokera)?) a type of millet • a type of herb ‖ Atractylodes lancea 朮 (eumhun 삽주 출 (sapju chul)) Hán-Nôm : thuật • Hán-Nôm : truật 朮
机 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Middle-Chinese : kjij • Middle-Chinese : kjijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Middle-Chinese : kjij • Middle-Chinese : kjijX Alternative form of 几 (“small table; stool”) • alder • a surname ‖ chopping board desk, table 机 • (gwe) · 机 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey) desk Hán-Nôm : cơ 机
杆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːns) : semantic 木 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : kanH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuainn ‖ pole; staff; rod (Classifier: 根 m) shield • pole 杆 • (gan) · 杆 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan) pole • shaft of spear 杆
杞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : khiX Salix integra • wolfberry • a kind of tree • a small feudal state (Qi), founded in Henan during the Shang Dynasty 杞 • (gi) · 杞 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : khởi • Hán-Nôm : kỷ 杞
条 ‖ 条(くだり) • (kudari) ‖ 条(じょう) • (jō) ^(←でう (deu)?) ‖ paragraph ‖ article in a document 条
来 ‖ 来(らい) • (rai-) ‖ 来(らい) • (-rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (rai) ‖ 来(らい) • (Rai) ‖ 来(く) • (ku) intransitive ^†-ko ‖ next..., coming... ‖ since..., in... ‖ coming, arriving • coming, approaching, passing • from (some point in the) past to present • coming in time ‖ a surname, especially of those descended from swordsmiths arriving from Goryeo around the mid-Kamakura period ‖ (archaic, obsolete) to come (approach one’s position from a remote location, specifically towards the speaker) • (archaic, obsolete) to go (to a direction or place far from the speaker but near the listener) • (archaic, suffixed to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of a verb) to gradually begin to [verb] 来
杳 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“tree”) + 日 (“sun”) - dark. Compare 杲 (gǎo, “bright”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Middle-Chinese : 'ewX dim; dark; gloomy • indistinct; distant • quiet; secluded • vast; expansive • to disappear ‖ 杳(よう) • (yō) ^(←えう (eu)?)^†-tari (adnominal 杳(よう)とした (yō to shita) or 杳(よう)たる (yō taru), adverbial 杳(よう)と (yō to) or 杳(よう)として (yō to shite)) ‖ dark and indistinct; unclear 杳 • (myo, yo) · 杳 • (myo, yo) (hangeul 묘, 요, revised myo, yo, McCune–Reischauer myo, yo, Yale myo, yo) Hán-Nôm : diểu • Hán-Nôm : yểu 杳
杵 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋ̊ʰjaʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ, “pestle”) – a wooden pestle. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Middle-Chinese : tsyhoX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thír pestle • baton used to beat clothes • (Northeastern Mandarin) to stand (straight like a post) ‖ (Singapore Hokkien and Teochew) Alternative form of 悇 杵 (eum 저 (jeo)) Hán-Nôm : ngỏ 杵
杷 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe • Middle-Chinese : bae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˋ • Middle-Chinese : baeH • Middle-Chinese : beaH a surname ‖ handle (a part of an object which is held in the hand) 杷 • (pa) · 杷 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha) Hán-Nôm : bà • Hán-Nôm : ba 杷
枇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *piʔ, *bi, *bis) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Middle-Chinese : bjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˇ • Middle-Chinese : pjijX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : bjijH Only used in 枇杷 (pípá). • (Southern Min) Classifier for clusters. ‖ Alternative form of 匕 (bǐ, “a kind of inplement for eating”) ‖ Alternative form of 篦 (“fine-toothed comb; to comb with a fine-toothed comb”) 枇 • (bi) · 枇 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : tì 枇
枢 Simplified from 樞 (區 → 区). door hinge • pivot • center of power 枢
枸 Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). \ ; “bent; crooked” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kió • Middle-Chinese : kuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : kjuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kio • Middle-Chinese : kuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ Only used in 枸杞 (gǒuqǐ) and 枸骨. ‖ Hovenia sp. (probably Hovenia acerba) • Alternative form of 蒟 (jǔ, “betel; Piper betle”) ‖ crooked; bent • intertwined roots ‖ 枸 • (gu) · 枸 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) Hán-Nôm : cẩu • Hán-Nôm : cù • Hán-Nôm : cử 枸
柚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs, *l'ɯwɢ) : semantic 木 (“tree; wood”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : yuwH ‖ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuī ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwk pomelo ‖ (Yong'an and Sanyuan Central Min) pomelo ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Hua'an Shehua) pomelo ‖ teak ‖ (weaving) reed ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (yu) ‖ 柚(ゆ) • (Yu) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 柚(ゆう) • (Yū) ‖ 柚(ゆず) or 柚(ユズ) • (yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆず) • (Yuzu) ‖ 柚(ゆい) • (Yui) · 柚(ゆざき) • (Yuzaki) · 柚(ゆずさき) • (Yuzusaki) · 柚(ゆに) • (Yuni) citron ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a surname ‖ (possibly obsolete) yuzu (Citrus junos) ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ Alternative spelling of 柚子 (“yuzu”) ‖ a female given name ‖ a female given name • a surname • a surname • a female given name 柚 • (yu, chuk) · 柚 • (yu, chuk) (hangeul 유, 축, revised yu, chuk, McCune–Reischauer yu, ch'uk, Yale yu, chwuk) Hán-Nôm : dâu • Hán-Nôm : dữu 柚
柩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjuwH coffin which contains a corpse ‖ ‖ 柩 (eumhun 널 구 (neol gu)) coffin Hán-Nôm : cữu 柩
柯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːl) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ). \ Same word as 牁 (OC *kaːl, “mooring post for a boat”) and related to 軻 (OC *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls, “a pair of wheels upon an axle tree”); perhaps related to 幹 (OC *kaːns, “stem, support”) but distinct from 竿 (OC *kaːn, “pole”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Middle-Chinese : ka ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua (literary) axe handle • (literary) stalk; branch • a surname • Short for 柯爾克孜／柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī, “Kyrgyz (the people, language, etc.)”). • Lithocarpus; stone oak ‖ (Hokkien, of fruits, vegetable, etc.) fibrous; stringy; tough; withered • (Teochew) dry; dried up; unmoist • (Hokkien) lost one's youthfulness; old ‖ (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) copper coin • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) yuan (unit of currency) 柯 • (ga) · 柯 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka) Hán-Nôm : kha 柯
査 investigate, inspect 査 (eumhun 조사할 사 (josahal sa)) hanja form of 사 (“investigate, inspect”) 査
栩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaʔ, *ɢʷaʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 羽 (OC *ɢʷaʔ, *ɢʷas). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí • Middle-Chinese : xjuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Middle-Chinese : hjuX oak • vivid • a surname ‖ Only used in 栩陽／栩阳. Hán-Nôm : hủ 栩
桀 In Chu slips, Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrad) : phonetic 匄 (OC *kaːds) + semantic 木. In the modern script, 匄 has corrupted into 舛. \ According to Schussler (2007), 桀 (OC *ɡrad) and 傑 (OC *ɡrad) are the same word meaning "outstanding > hero"; insides Sinitic, it is cognate to 朅 (OC *kʰrad, “martial”); outsides Sinitic, it is related to either Mizo hrât (“valiant, resolute”) or Tibetan གྱད (gyad, “strength; champion, athlete”). \ STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjat (“hero, champion”) for 傑 (OC) ~ 桀 (OC *ɡrad) and གྱད (gyad). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kia̍t • Middle-Chinese : gjet ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke̍eh ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe̍eh chicken roost • Jie of Xia, an ancient emperor • fierce; brutal; cruel • to lift; to raise; to shoulder; to bear • Alternative form of 傑／杰 (jié, “outstanding; hero”) ‖ (Hokkien) to be not in harmony; to be incompatible; to be contrary • (Hokkien) to impede; to obstruct; to hinder • (Mainland China and Philippine Hokkien) to get stuck; to wedge • (Mainland China Hokkien) to contradict (people) • (Xiamen Hokkien) hard to get along with others ‖ (Hokkien) to have estrangement; to be in conflict with each other (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen Hokkien) to hit something • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a crack (of a jar, vat, etc.) 桀 (eum 걸 (geol)) Hán-Nôm : kiệt 桀
桅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krolʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî • Middle-Chinese : ngwoj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ • Middle-Chinese : kjweX mast (of a ship) • (suburban Nanjing Mandarin) sail ‖ short spear Hán-Nôm : ngôi 桅
桓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːn) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 亘 () Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : hwan Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi) • (obsolete) pillar used as a signpost • mighty; martial; large • Used in 盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán). • a surname 桓 • (hwan) · 桓 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan) Hán-Nôm : hoàn 桓
桿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːnʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 旱 (OC *ɡaːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn pole; stick; club; rod • lever; handle • shaft; barrel • Classifier for long, cylindrical objects, such as guns. stick 桿 • (han) · 桿 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han) canonical : 桿: Hán Việt readings: can • canonical : hãn 桿: Nôm readings: cán Nôm form of cán (“handle”). 桿
梃 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁵ • Middle-Chinese : dengX a club • a stalk • straight bar, pole • lever 梃 • (jeong) · 梃 • (jeong) (hangeul 정) Hán-Nôm : đỉnh 梃
梓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsɯʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + abbreviated phonetic 宰 (OC *ʔsɯːʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : tsiX yellow catalpa or Chinese catalpa (Catalpa ovata) • craftsman who produces wooden items • hometown • printing block • a surname ‖ 梓(あずさ) or 梓(アズサ) • (azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa) or アヅサ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(あずさ) • (Azusa) ^(←あづさ (adusa)?) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi) ‖ 梓(し) • (shi) ‖ Synonym of 夜糞峰榛 (yoguso minebari): the Japanese cherry birch, Betula grossa • Synonym of 木豇豆, 楸 (kisasage): the yellow or Chinese catalpa, Catalpa ovata • Synonym of 赤芽柏 (akame-gashiwa): the Japanese mallotus, Mallotus japonicus • a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) • Short for 梓弓 (azusa yumi): a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch; a small musical bow used to summon spirits • Short for 梓巫女 (azusa miko): a 巫女 (miko, “unmarried female medium”) who summons spirits by sounding the string of an azusa yumi (short musical bow) • (theater) in noh, the swift, drummed accompaniment to the entrance recitative of a medium ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ a block used for printing (as it was originally made from the wood of the Chinese catalpa) ‖ catalpa • printing block • printing 梓 • (jae) · 梓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay) Hán-Nôm : tử 梓
梟 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)u (“owl”), which is also compared to 鴞 (OC *ɦraw, “owl”), 鵂 (OC *qʰu, “owl”), 舊 (OC *ɡʷɯs, “owl”) (STEDT). Compare Japhug pɣɤkhɯ (“owl”) (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiau • Middle-Chinese : kew owl • a mythical bird which eats its own parents shortly after hatching • brave, fierce • leader, ringleader • to decapitate and hang the head • (Teochew) indifferent, insensitive, indolent ‖ 梟(ふくろう) or 梟(ふくろ) • (fukurō or fukuro) ^(←ふくろふ (fukurofu)?) ‖ an owl Hán-Nôm : kiêu 梟
梵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bloms, *bum) : semantic 林 (“forest”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) – lush. Originally a variant form of 芃 (OC *boːŋ, *bum). \ As a word for transcribing Indic languages, the reading 梵 (MC bjomH) probably derives from Gandhari and transcribes the syllables such as bram̄(a), bra(m)m-, etc. (Bailey, 1946) in words like 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨸 (bram̄a, “Brahma”), 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨞 (bramaṇa, “a brahmin”), and it appears in the classical Chinese lexicon in 梵天 (“Brahma, name of a deity”), 梵志 (“a person dedicated to religion”), 梵行 (“good, pure conduct”), etc. The sense for "Sanskrit" originally refers to its status as a religious language. In modern usage, it is also used to translate various terms in Hinduism, such as Brahman. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Middle-Chinese : bjuwng • Middle-Chinese : bjomH lush; luxuriant • (Hinduism) Brahman; the ultimate reality in the universe (concept in Hinduism) • (figurative) quiet; peaceful; undisturbed • of or pertaining to Buddhism; Buddhist • of or pertaining to ancient India or the Sanskrit language; Indian • (Buddhism) to chant sutras; to recite sutras • (Buddhism) sound of sutra chanting • a surname ‖ 梵(ぼん) • (bon) ‖ Abbreviation of 梵語. 梵 • (beom) · 梵 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, Yale pem) Hán-Nôm : phạn • Hán-Nôm : phạm Brahma • Sanskrit 梵
棗 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : Duplication of 朿 (“thorn”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsawX jujube; Chinese date • a surname ‖ 棗(なつめ) or 棗(ナツメ) • (natsume) ‖ 棗(なつめ) • (Natsume) jujube ‖ the jujube or Chinese date, Ziziphus jujuba • a dye made from dried jujube fruits • a small tea caddy used in the tea ceremony ‖ a female given name • a surname 棗 • (jo) · 棗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co) Hán-Nôm : táo • Hán-Nôm : táu • Hán-Nôm : tảo 棗
棣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ (botany) Kerria japonica • cherry tree • younger brother • a surname ‖ to attain; to reach ‖ Only used in 棣棣 (dàidài). (botany) Kerria japonica 棣 (eumhun 산앵두나무 체 (sanaengdunamu che)) ‖ 棣 (eumhun 익숙할 태 (iksukhal tae)) hanja form of 체 (“Vaccinium koreanum”) • (literary) hanja form of 체 (“to attain; to reach”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 태 (“courteous appearance”) canonical : 棣: Hán Việt readings: đệ • canonical : lệ chữ Hán form of đệ (“brother; sibling”). • chữ Hán form of lệ (“Kerria japonica”). 棣
棧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàn • Middle-Chinese : dzreanX • Middle-Chinese : dzrjenX • Middle-Chinese : dzraenH warehouse • tavern; inn • (computing) stack • (Southern Min) storey; floor; stratum • (Southern Min) Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels. 棧 • (jan, jeon) · 棧 • (jan, jeon) (hangeul 잔, 전, revised jan, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chan, chŏn, Yale can, cen) Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sến • Hán-Nôm : sán • Hán-Nôm : sạn • Hán-Nôm : xiễn • Hán-Nôm : trăn • Hán-Nôm : chăn 棧
棲 Before the Warring States Period, written as '西'. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *siːl) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 妻 (OC *sʰiːl, *sʰiːls). \ See 西 (OC *s-nˤər) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014) for etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sue • Middle-Chinese : sej to perch • to roost • to stay (Of humans and other animals) residing (somewhere), living (someplace); inhabiting a nest, den, burrow, etc. 棲 (eumhun 깃들일 서 (gitdeuril seo)) hanja form of 서 (“roost”) Hán-Nôm : thê 棲
棹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rdeːwɢs) : semantic 木 + phonetic 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ Alternative form of 櫂 (zhào) ‖ Alternative form of 桌 • Name of a tree. ‖ 棹(さお) • (sao) ^(←さを (sawo)?) ‖ neck of a shamisen, etc. • Alternative form of 竿 (“rod, pole”) 棹 • (do) · 棹 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to) Hán-Nôm : chèo • Hán-Nôm : trạo • Hán-Nôm : chác • Hán-Nôm : dậu • Hán-Nôm : địu 棹
楓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plum) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : pjuwng maple (tree) ‖ 楓(かえで) • (kaede) ^(←かへで (kafede)?) ‖ 楓(かえで) • (Kaede) ‖ 楓(かいで) • (kaide) ‖ 楓(かつら) • (katsura) ‖ 楓(おかつら) • (okatsura) ^(←をかつら (wokatura)?) ‖ 楓(ふう) or 楓(フウ) • (fū) maple • Liquidambar formosana, Chinese sweetgum tree, Formosan sweetgum tree ‖ the maple tree • a color scheme for 襲 (kasane, “layered kimono”, literally “layering”), where both the outer and inner layers are light green • a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), featuring a maple-leaf design • (term of endearment) a child's hand (from the resemblance in shape between a hand with splayed fingers and a maple leaf) ‖ a female given name ‖ (uncommon, possibly obsolete) alternative for kaede above: the maple tree ‖ 桂: the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum • 桂: (Chinese mythology) the kind of tree that grows on the moon ‖ (obsolete) the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum ‖ the Formosan sweetgum tree, Liquidambar formosana • in certain kanji compounds, the maple tree 楓 (eumhun 단풍나무 풍 (danpungnamu pung)) hanja form of 풍 (“maple (tree)”) Hán-Nôm : phong 楓
楔 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : seh • Middle-Chinese : keat • Middle-Chinese : set ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³ wedge; peg • (dialectal) to drive; to wedge (a wedge, nail, etc.) • (Hokkien) to stuff in; to plug in; to fill in • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) wedge; peg; stopper • (Mainland China Hokkien, figurative) to bribe ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𤗈 (sip³) ‖ 楔(くさび) • (kusabi) ‖ a wedge (simple machine) 楔 (eum 설 (seol)) Hán-Nôm : khế 楔
楞 Compound of 四方木 (sìfāng mù). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Middle-Chinese : long ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ • Middle-Chinese : long ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gông ‖ Alternative form of 稜／棱 (léng, “edge; corner”) ‖ Used in transliteration. ‖ Alternative form of 愣 ‖ (Hokkien) dizzy • (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be dumbfounded; to be startled ‖ (Eastern Min) segment of a fruit, seed, or other round plant organ • (Eastern Min) Classifier for fruit or seed segments, flower petals, or portions of other round plant organs. • (Eastern Min) Classifier for slices of a round object such as cake or melon. 楞 • (reung>neung) · 楞 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung) Hán-Nôm : lăng 楞
楠 ‖ Borrowed from Thai น่าน (nâan). ‖ nanmu tree (Machilus nanmu or Phoebe zhennan) • name of various species of Phoebe and Machilus ‖ (～府) Nan province (of Thailand) • (～市) Nan city • (～河) Nan river camphor tree 楠 • (nam) · 楠 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam, Yale nam) Hán-Nôm : nêm • Hán-Nôm : nam 楠
楨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Middle-Chinese : trjeng hardwood • supports, posts hardwood • supports • posts 楨 • (jeong) · 楨 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) hardwood • privet • supports • posts Hán-Nôm : trính • Hán-Nôm : trinh 楨
楫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔseb) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsjep (literary) oar; paddle • (archaic) to row oar 楫 • (jeup, jeop) · 楫 • (jeup, jeop) (hangeul 즙, 접, revised jeup, jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŭp, chŏp, Yale cup, cep) Hán-Nôm : tiếp 楫
楹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yeng column; pillar (especially in front of a hall) • (literary) Classifier for buildings or rooms. 楹 • (yeong) · 楹 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng) Hán-Nôm : doanh 楹
楼 Simplified from 樓 (婁 → 娄) building (of two or more stores) • floor, level 楼
榛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrin) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 秦 (OC *zin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsrin hazel (Corylus heterophylla) • hazelnut • thicket; underbrush • (of vegetation) thick; dense ‖ 榛(はしばみ) or 榛(ハシバミ) • (hashibami) ‖ 榛(はり) • (hari) ‖ Asian Hazel, Corylus heterophylla ‖ (archaic) Old name for Japanese alder (Alnus japonica) 榛 (eum 진 (jin)) Hán-Nôm : trăn 榛
榭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaːɡs) : semantic 木 (“wood; wooden structure”) + phonetic 射 (OC *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ); also ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 + 射 (“archery”), as it originally referred to an early type of architecture for both the practice and the ceremony of archery: an open-space hall built on raised ground, without internal division into rooms (Wang, 1923; Yang, 1965). In bronze script, the alternative form 𫷺 (i.e. ⿸广射) can be seen. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze⁶ • Middle-Chinese : zjaeH (architecture) pavilion (typically on raised ground) 榭 (eum 사 (sa)) Hán-Nôm : tạ 榭
榷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Middle-Chinese : kaewk (obsolete) single-plank bridge; log footbridge • to tax • tax; toll; levy • to monopolize • monopoly • to discuss • Alternative form of 確／确 (què) footbridge • toll, levy • monopoly 榷 • (gyo) · 榷 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : dác • Hán-Nôm : các 榷
榻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːb) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 𦐇 () Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taap³ • Middle-Chinese : thap cot; couch; bed • (obsolete) to copy 榻 (eum 탑 (tap)) Hán-Nôm : chõng • Hán-Nôm : tháp 榻
槁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːwʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou² • Middle-Chinese : khawX ^† to wither • ^† (of a tree or wood) withered; rotten; dead • ^† dried up tree dried up tree • to wither; to rot (of a tree or wood) • to dry 槁 (eum 고 (go)) Hán-Nôm : cau 槁
槌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dols, *dul) : semantic 木 + phonetic 追 (OC *tul). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî • Middle-Chinese : drwij • Middle-Chinese : drjweH hammer, mallet • to strike; to beat • (Zhengzhou, Jin) fist ‖ 槌(つち) • (tsuchi) hammer ‖ a hammer • a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) featuring a traditional Japanese hammer design 槌 • (toe, chu) · 槌 • (toe, chu) (hangeul 퇴, 추, revised toe, chu, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, ch'u, Yale thoy, chwu) Hán-Nôm : dùi • Hán-Nôm : chùy • Hán-Nôm : chuỳ 槌
槍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaŋ, *sʰraːŋ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). ‖ ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshionn • Middle-Chinese : tshjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaeng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng (historical) spear; lance; pike • gun; firearm; shooter (Classifier: 桿／杆 m; 支 m c; 把 m c) • gun-like object • Classifier for gunshots. • to sit for an examination in place of someone else • (obsolete) to collide • a surname ‖ Only used in 欃槍／欃枪 (chánchēng, “comet”). ‖ ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 銃／铳 (“gun; firearm”) ‖ 槍(やり) • (yari) ‖ 槍(やり) • (Yari) spear, lance • javelin ‖ (weaponry) a spear, lance • (shogi) common name for the 香車 (kyōsha, “lance”) • a javelin (throwing spear used in athletics) • (archaic) jeering ‖ a surname 槍 (eumhun 창 창 (chang chang)) hanja form of 창 (“spear”) Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : sang 槍
槓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 貢 (OC *koːŋs). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǹg ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ thick rod; thick pole • (gymnastics) bar • stout poles used to carry a coffin • rod-shaped part of a machine • thick line (Classifier: 道 m) • to cross out; to strike out • to whet • to argue; to bicker • (mahjong) kong ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 籠／笼 (“trunk; chest; large box”) ‖ 槓(カン) • (kan) lever ‖ (mahjong) Short for 槓子 (kantsu): a set of four identical tiles • (mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong): · for a 明槓 (minkan, “open kan”), the player calling should have a 暗刻 (ankō, “closed triplet”) in hand and the current discarded tile is the fourth tile • (mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong): · for a 加槓 (kakan, “added kan”), the player should have an 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) beforehand and the fourth tile must be self-drawn • (mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong): · for an 暗槓 (ankan, “closed kan”), the player calling must simply have all four tiles in hand 槓 • (gong) · 槓 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong) Hán-Nôm : cổng 槓
槨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kwak outer coffin 槨 (eum 곽 (gwak)) Hán-Nôm : quạch 槨
槳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX oar; paddle (Classifier: 隻／只 m) Hán-Nôm : tưởng • Hán-Nôm : giưởng • Hán-Nôm : giưỡng • Hán-Nôm : rưởng • Hán-Nôm : rưỡng • Hán-Nôm : rảng • Hán-Nôm : rãng • Hán-Nôm : rẳng • Hán-Nôm : rẵng 槳
樁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : traewng wooden pile; stake • pile (large stake driven into the earth or sea-bed for the support of a building) • Classifier for events, deals, legal cases, etc.. pole, post, stake • matter Hán-Nôm : thung • Hán-Nôm : thủng • Hán-Nôm : thông • Hán-Nôm : thùng • Hán-Nôm : trang 樁
樊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ban) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 棥 (OC *ban) + semantic 𠬜. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon (literary) fence; hedge • (literary) to fence; to surround with a fence • a surname 樊 • (beon) · 樊 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen) Hán-Nôm : phàn • Hán-Nôm : phưng • Hán-Nôm : phiền 樊
樞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjo) : semantic 木 + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhu door hinge • pivot • center of power pivot • door 樞 • (chu, u) · 樞 • (chu, u) (hangeul 추, 우) door hinge • pivot • center of power Hán-Nôm : xu • Hán-Nôm : su • Hán-Nôm : sù • Hán-Nôm : xô • Hán-Nôm : xù • Hán-Nôm : xũ • Hán-Nôm : khu • Hán-Nôm : xó • Hán-Nôm : xụ 樞
横 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 木 + phonetic 黄 (). ‖ 横(よこ) • (yoko) ‖ 横(おう) • (ō) ^(←わう (wau)?) sideways, horizontal • next, next to • width ‖ side • width ‖ sideways, horizontal • self-willed; arbitrary; unrestrained and aggressive • sudden; unexpected • brimming 横 • (hoeng) · 横 • (hoeng) (hangeul 횡, revised hoeng, McCune–Reischauer hoeng, Yale hoyng) across 横
樵 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzjew (literary or Hakka, Min) firewood • to chop firewood; to gather firewood • woodcutter 樵 (eum 초 (cho)) Hán-Nôm : tiều 樵
樸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phok • Middle-Chinese : phaewk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pho̍h • Middle-Chinese : puwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : buwk simple; plain; rough; unpolished • sincere; honest ‖ (archaic) a kind of oak • (archaic) to stick; to adhere ‖ Only used in 樸𠟼／朴𠟼. ‖ ^‡ dense (of trees) unworked wood, bark of a tree • sincere, honest 樸 • (bok, bak) · 樸 • (bok, bak) (hangeul 복, 박, revised bok, bak, McCune–Reischauer pok, pak, Yale pok, pak) Hán-Nôm : phác • Hán-Nôm : bốc 樸
樺 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwa (“birch”) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan གྲོ་ག (gro ga, “bark of birch tree”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâ • Middle-Chinese : hwae • Middle-Chinese : hwaeH birch ‖ 樺(かば) or 樺(カバ) • (kaba) ‖ 樺(かんば) or 樺(カンバ) • (kanba) ‖ 樺(かにわ) • (kaniwa) ^(←かには (kanifa)?) birch • reddish yellow ‖ a birch (plant of genus Betula) • Short for 樺色 (kabairo, “reddish yellow”). ‖ a birch (plant of genus Betula) ‖ (obsolete) Japanese bird cherry (Prunus grayana) or its bark • (obsolete) monarch birch (Betula maximowicziana) or its bark 樺 • (hwa) · 樺 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa) birch Hán-Nôm : hoa 樺
樽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːn) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn). \ Specialised orthographic form of 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn, “zun, a kind of vessel”) that inherited the noun sense for "vessel", as 尊 became chiefly used for the more abstract senses (Duan Yucai's analysis of the Shuowen). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Middle-Chinese : tswon (archaic) vessel for alcohol; goblet • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Zhongshan Min) bottle; vase (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) Classifier for bottles. ‖ 樽(たる) • (taru) ‖ 樽(そん) • (son) ‖ barrel ‖ barrel 樽 (eum 준 (jun)) Hán-Nôm : tôn 樽
橇 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Middle-Chinese : khjew ‖ 橇(そり) • (sori) · 橇(かんじき) • (kanjiki) ‖ sleigh • snowshoes 橇 (eum 취 (chwi)) Hán-Nôm : khiêu 橇
橢 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thò • Middle-Chinese : thwaX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ oval-shaped container • long and narrow; oval-shaped; elliptical ‖ Only used in 科橢／科椭. 橢 (eum 타 (ta)) Hán-Nôm : thỏa • Hán-Nôm : thoả • Hán-Nôm : thõa • Hán-Nôm : thoã 橢
檄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡleːwɢ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi̍k • Middle-Chinese : hek ‖ 檄(げき) • (geki) ‖ written appeal, circular, manifesto 檄 (eum 격 (gyeok)) Hán-Nôm : hịch 檄
檔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thn̄g • Middle-Chinese : tang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g shelf for files • frame; crosspiece • document • (Cantonese) stall (small open-fronted shop) ‖ (Quanzhou Hokkien) a form of community fundraising done in Quanzhou 檔 (eum 당 (dang)) Hán-Nôm : đang • Hán-Nôm : đướng • Hán-Nôm : đượng • Hán-Nôm : đưỡng • Hán-Nôm : đạng • Hán-Nôm : đóng 檔
檜 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH • Middle-Chinese : kwat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Middle-Chinese : kwajH Chinese juniper ‖ Used in personal names. ‖ 檜(ひのき) or 檜(ヒノキ) • (hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひのき) • (Hinoki) ‖ 檜(ひ) • (hi) ‖ Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ (archaic, or in compounds) Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) 檜 • (hoe, gwal) · 檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal) Hán-Nôm : cối 檜
檳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin) : semantic 木 + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pun • Middle-Chinese : pjin Used in compounds. • (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 檳城／槟城 (Bīnchéng, “Penang, Malaysia”). betel nut; betel palm tree 檳 • (bin) · 檳 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) Hán-Nôm : tân 檳
檸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnaːŋʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 寧 (OC *neːŋ). ‖ Contracted form of 吶亨／呐亨. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Middle-Chinese : nraengX ‖ Only used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng); also used as its short form. ‖ (Suzhounese) how 檸 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 녕 (remon ( lemon ) nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 레몬 (lemon) 영 (remon ( lemon ) yeong)) hanja form of 녕 (“lemon”) Hán-Nôm : nịnh 檸
檻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). \ Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). \ Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁵ • Middle-Chinese : haemX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˇㄦ fence • cage (for animal or prisoner) • railing; balustrade • (alt. form 轞／𰺗) prisoner transport cart • Alternative form of 艦／舰 (jiàn, “warship”) ‖ doorsill ‖ 檻(おり) • (ori) ^(←をり (wori)?) ‖ cage; cell 檻 (eum 함 (ham)) Hán-Nôm : giám • Hán-Nôm : hạm • Hán-Nôm : hậm • Hán-Nôm : tràm • Hán-Nôm : cạm 檻
櫂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːwɢs) : semantic 木 + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ). \ Earliest extant attestations are in Chu Ci. \ Possibly from Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Vietic *tʃ-r-ɛːw (whence Vietnamese chèo), an *-r- (instrumental derivative) infixed form of Vietnamese *tʃɛːw, whence Modern Vietnamese xeo (“to lift up with a crowbar; to propel (a boat) with a long pole”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : draewH (literary) oar • (literary) to row • (literary) boat ‖ 櫂(かい) • (kai) ^(←かひ (kafi)?) ‖ 櫂(かじ) • (kaji) ^(←かぢ (kadi)?) ‖ oar, paddle ‖ Alternative form of 舵 (“rudder”) 櫂 (eum 도 (do)) Hán-Nôm : trạc • Hán-Nôm : trạo 櫂
櫃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡruds) : semantic 木 (“wooden”) + phonetic 匱 (OC *ɡruds, “box”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuī • Middle-Chinese : gwijH cabinet; cupboard • wardrobe • counter • (Hong Kong, Taiwan) Short for 貨櫃／货柜 (huòguì, “shipping container”). ‖ 櫃(ひつ) • (hitsu) ‖ chest (container) • 御櫃: a round container for cooked rice 櫃 • (gwe) · 櫃 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey) Hán-Nôm : cũi • Hán-Nôm : quĩ • Hán-Nôm : quầy • Hán-Nôm : quỹ 櫃
櫓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 魯 (OC *raːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX scull • large shield ‖ 櫓(やぐら) • (yagura) ‖ watchtower, turret 櫓 (eumhun 방패 로 (bangpae ro), word-initial (South Korea) 방패 노 (bangpae no)) hanja form of 로 (“(North Korea) oar”) • hanja form of 노 (“(South Korea) oar”) Hán-Nôm : lỗ 櫓
櫚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ljo Used in 棕櫚／棕榈 (zōnglǘ) and 栟櫚／栟榈 (bīnglǘ). • Used in 花櫚／花榈. 櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 櫚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) Hán-Nôm : lư 櫚
櫛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriɡ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 節 (OC *ʔsiːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : tsrit comb • to comb out • to weed out; to eliminate ‖ 櫛(くし) • (kushi) ‖ comb 櫛 (eum 즐 (jeul)) Hán-Nôm : trất 櫛
櫝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Compare Khmer ទូ (tuu), Lao ຕູ້ (tū), Thai ตู้ (dtûu), Vietnamese tủ. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwk box; case; casket • cabinet; wardrobe • closet cabinet, wardrobe, closet • chest • coffer 櫝 (eum 독 (dok)) box • coffin Hán-Nôm : độc 櫝
櫥 From 廚 (OC *do). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû cabinet; wardrobe; cupboard Hán-Nôm : trù 櫥
櫻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang cherry (Classifier: 棵 m; 樖 c; 叢／丛 mn) ‖ 櫻(さくら) • (Sakura) Kyūjitai form of 桜 ‖ a female given name • a surname 櫻 • (aeng) · 櫻 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng, Yale ayng) Hán-Nôm : anh 櫻
欖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːmʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ). \ See 橄欖／橄榄 (gǎnlǎn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam² • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ná • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lamX (in compounds or dialectal) olive 欖 • (ram>nam) · 欖 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam) Hán-Nôm : lãm 欖
欧 ‖ 欧(おう) • (ō) ‖ 欧(おう) • (Ō) Europe ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”). ‖ Short for ヨーロッパ／欧羅巴 (Yōroppa, “Europe (a continent)”). 欧
欽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim • Middle-Chinese : khim to respect; to admire; to venerate • respectful • by the emperor personally • (obsolete) bent; twisted • a surname 欽 • (heum) · 欽 • (heum) (hangeul 흠, revised heum, McCune–Reischauer hŭm, Yale hum) Hán-Nôm : khâm • Hán-Nôm : khom 欽
歎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan³ • Middle-Chinese : thanH Alternative form of 嘆 (tàn, “to sigh; to chant; to praise”) • one of 24 literary genres from the Zhou dynasty • a surname. ‖ ‖ 歎 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan)) hanja form of 탄 (“sigh”) canonical : 歎: Hán Việt readings: thán 歎: Nôm readings: than • canonical : thăn 歎
歐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw Short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā, “Europe”). • Short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”). • Short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”). • Short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”). • Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”) • Alternative form of 毆／殴 (ōu, “to beat; to strike”) • a surname Europe 歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu)) hanja form of 구 (“Europe”) Hán-Nôm : âu 歐
歟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 欠. \ ; question particle Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Middle-Chinese : yo • Middle-Chinese : yoX • Middle-Chinese : yoH Sentence-final particle used to express an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone ‖ ‖ 歟 (eum 여 (yeo)) Hán-Nôm : ru 歟
歿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːd) : semantic 歹 (“death”) + abbreviated phonetic 沒 (OC *mɯːd) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwot (literary) to die • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to sink • Alternative form of 沒／没 · to have no ‖ 歿(ぼつ) • (-botsu) to die ‖ died in 歿 • (mol) · 歿 • (mol) (hangeul 몰, revised mol, McCune–Reischauer mol, Yale mol) 歿
残 ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan) ‖ 残(ざん) • (zan) ‖ the remainder; leftover; residue ‖ remain, remaining • damage, damaged, defective • cruel 残
殤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Middle-Chinese : syang (literary) to die young; to die whilst a child • (literary) a person who has died young • (literary) mourning for such a death • (literary) to die in battle • (literary) a person who has died in battle 殤 (eum 상 (sang)) Hán-Nôm : thương 殤
殮 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljemH to put a dead body into a coffin to encoffin 殮 • (ryeom>yeom) · 殮 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem) Hán-Nôm : liệm • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : lịm 殮
殯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pins) : semantic 歹 + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjinH to lay a coffin in a memorial hall; to encoffin a corpse • to carry the body to the bury place or crematorium; to carry to burial • prepared, but not buried corpse (Shinto) A funerary practice of enshrining the deceased in a casket at a special location during a period of mourning before a formal burial, specifically for royalty or nobility 殯 (eum 빈 (bin)) Hán-Nôm : tấn 殯
殲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsem) : semantic 歹 + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Middle-Chinese : tsjem to annihilate; to wipe out; to kill off; to destroy annihilate, eradicate, wipe out 殲 (eumhun 다죽일 섬 (dajugil seom)) hanja form of 섬 (“annihilation”) canonical : 殲: Hán Việt readings: tiêm 殲: Nôm readings: tiêm 殲
殴 to hit 殴
殼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰroːɡ) : semantic 几 + phonetic 𣪊 (). Originally written as 㱿 (què), see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khok • Middle-Chinese : khaewk shell; husk; hull; skin; casing • (Cantonese) ladle husk; shell 殼 (eumhun 껍질 각 (kkeopjil gak)) hanja form of 각 (“shell; husk; hull; skin; casing”) Hán-Nôm : xác • Hán-Nôm : nôi 殼
毁 毁
毆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 殳 (“action”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 殳 (“action”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : au² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Middle-Chinese : 'uwX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : au³ to beat; to fight with fists; to hit; to strike; to brawl • a surname ‖ (Cantonese) to beat; to hit 毆 (eum 구 (gu)) Hán-Nôm : ẩu 毆
毋 Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ In the oracle bone script, 母 (“mother”) was borrowed to represent this character. It was later specialized to distinguish it from “mother”, replacing the two dots with one stroke. \ Cognate with 無 (OC *ma, “to not have”). Already in Zhou time, phonetically confused with and read like 無 (OC *ma). \ Cognate with 唔 in Cantonese, Teochew and Hakka. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̄ • Middle-Chinese : mju (literary) do not, don't • (literary or Hakka, Hokkien) not • (literary) Alternative form of 無／无 (“to not have”) • a surname do not, must not, be not • "mother" radical 毋 • (mu) · 毋 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu) do not • not • surname • rad. 80 canonical : 毋: Hán Việt readings: vô chữ Hán form of vô (“don't, no need”). 毋
毓 Pictogram (象形) : 每 + 㐬 – a woman giving birth. A woman 每 squatting on left, with child head down on right 㐬. The top part of 㐬 is 子 inverted, an abstracted body with a head at the bottom; compare 充. The lines (川) below head are amniotic fluid coming out. \ A later alternative form is 育. \ Alternately considered a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *luɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 每 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠫓 (, “child”) + semantic 川 (“amniotic fluid”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Middle-Chinese : yuwk (formal) to give birth; to procreate; to foster; to rear; to bring up • a surname kyūjitai form of 育 毓 (eum 육 (yuk)) Hán-Nôm : dục 毓
毗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bi) : semantic 囟 + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pí • Middle-Chinese : bjij help • assist • connect • adjoin 毗 (eum 비 (bi)) help, assist • connect, adjoin Hán-Nôm : tì 毗
毽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 毛 (“feather”) + phonetic 建. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiàn ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jin³⁻² shuttlecock used in jianzi sport ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燕 (jin³⁻², “shuttlecock used in jianzi sport”) Hán-Nôm : kiện 毽
氐 Pictogram (象形) : 氏 (“(bowing figure)”) + 一 – as with 氏, but with an empty circle (then a line, today either a line or a point) underneath: a bowing figure standing on the ground or depicted while lifting something from the ground. ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : te • Middle-Chinese : tej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Middle-Chinese : trij Di (ethnic group) • (～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Root (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions) • Original form of 低 (dī, “to lower; to bow”). • Original form of 低 (dī, “cheap; inexpensive”). ‖ (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “root of a tree”). • (literary) Original form of 柢 (dǐ, “basis; fundamental”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to reach; to arrive”). • (literary) Original form of 抵 (dǐ, “to match; to be equal to”). ‖ Only used in 氐池 (“an ancient county”). ‖ 氐(てい) • (Tei) Di (ancient ethnic group in western China) ‖ (Chinese astronomy) Root, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions • (historical) Di: an ancient ethnic group in western China 氐 (eum 저 (jeo)) foundation; basis; origin Hán-Nôm : đê 氐
氖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 乃. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nái (chemistry) neon 氖 • (nae) · 氖 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay) 氖
氟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 弗. \ From earlier 弗氣／弗气, 弗素, which is probably an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 弗素, where 弗(ふつ) (futsu) was used phonetically. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu̍t (chemistry) fluorine fluorine 氟 • (bul) · 氟 • (bul) (hangeul 불, revised bul, McCune–Reischauer pul, Yale pul) 氟
氤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jin (literary) misty and heavy atmosphere • Only used in 氤氳／氤氲 (yīnyūn). 氤 (eum 인 (in)) Hán-Nôm : nhân 氤
氦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 亥 (hài). \ Borrowed from New Latin helium. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi (chemistry) helium helium, He 氦 • (hae) · 氦 • (hae) (hangeul 해) helium 氦
氫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 气 (“air; gas”) + abbreviated phonetic 輕 (qīng, “light; of low density”). \ From 輕／轻 (qīng, “light; of low density”) in 輕氣／轻气 [19th c.]. So named as hydrogen gas is lighter than air. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khin (chemistry) hydrogen • hydrogen gas 氫 • (gyeong) · 氫 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) Hán-Nôm : khinh 氫
氷 ‖ 氷(こおり) • (kōri) ^(←こほり (kofori)?) ‖ 氷(こおり) • (Kōri) ^(←こほり (kofori)?) ‖ 氷(ひ) • (hi) ‖ 氷(ひょう) • (hyō) ‖ ice (frozen water) • a cold and sharp object, as a shard of ice • Short for 氷水 (kōrimizu): ice water; water filled with ice • Short for 氷襲 (kōrigasane): layered clothing with the front shining white and plain white at the back ‖ a female given name • a surname ‖ ice (frozen water) • hail (precipitated ice) ‖ ice • freeze, congeal • icy, cold 氷 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing)) hanja form of 빙 (“ice”) Hán-Nôm : băng 氷
汀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Middle-Chinese : theng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : thengH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ islet; shore, sandbar, shoal, sandbank ‖ Only used in 汀瀅. ‖ Only used in 汀濘. ‖ beach, shore, water's edge ‖ 汀 (eumhun 물가 정 (mulga jeong)) hanja form of 정 (“shore”) Hán-Nôm : đênh • Hán-Nôm : đinh • Hán-Nôm : thinh 汀
汐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ). \ From 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening”). Compare 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide; tide”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Middle-Chinese : zjek evening tide; night tides; ebb eventide • tide • salt water • opportunity 汐 (eumhun 조수 석 (josu seok)) hanja form of 석 (“night tides”) Hán-Nôm : tách • Hán-Nôm : tịch 汐
汕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːnʔ, *sraːns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suànn • Middle-Chinese : sreanX • Middle-Chinese : sraenH (of fish) moving • basket for catching fish • to catch fish • to rinse • Short for 汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu). 汕 • (san) · 汕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) Hán-Nôm : sươn • Hán-Nôm : sán • Hán-Nôm : sớn 汕
汚 ‖ 汚(お) • (o) ^(←を (wo)?) dirty • pollute • disgrace • rape • defile ‖ dirty 汚 (eumhun 더러울 오 (deoreoul o)) hanja form of 오 (“dirty”) Hán-Nôm : ô • Hán-Nôm : ố 汚
污 污 • (o) · 污 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o) Hán-Nôm : ô • Hán-Nôm : ố 污
汲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯb) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khip • Middle-Chinese : kip to draw water from a well • Used in 汲取 (jíqǔ, “to draw (from a lesson, experience, etc.)”). • (obsolete) to guide; to assist • (obsolete) to nominate; to recommend a person • Used in 汲汲 (jíjí). • a surname (of water) to draw; to scoop; to ladle; to pump • (of feelings) to understand; to consider 汲 • (geup) · 汲 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune–Reischauer kŭp, Yale kup) to draw water from a well canonical : 汲: Hán Việt readings: cấp 汲: Nôm readings: ngập • canonical : bập • canonical : gập 汲
汾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯn) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn • Middle-Chinese : bjun (～河) river in Shanxi province 汾 • (bun) · 汾 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun) Hán-Nôm : phần 汾
沅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋon) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon). ‖ Simplified from 源 (原 → 元). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guân • Middle-Chinese : ngjwon ‖ (～江) Yuan River in Hunan province • (～州) name of prefecture during the reign of Wu Zetian ‖ 沅
沉 Variant of 沈, see there for more. \ MSEA areal etymon: similar words exist in Austroasiatic, Kra-Dai, & Tibeto-Burman; yet those are difficult to match with potential OC relations (Schuessler, 2007). \ Possible allofams are 淫 (OC *lɯm), 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ), 函 (OC *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm), & 湛 (OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) (ibid.). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : têm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiām • Middle-Chinese : drim to sink; to submerge (into water) • to fall; to sink; to subside • to settle; to make sink • to suppress; to stifle; to neglect • to be neglected • to indulge in; to be given to • to hide; to be hidden • heavy; weighty • dark; gloomy • deep; profound • long (duration); prolonged; lengthy • deeply; profoundly • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 浸 (zam6, “to drown”) 沉 • (chim, sim) · 沉 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, sim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim) Hán-Nôm : tròm • Hán-Nôm : chằm • Hán-Nôm : chìm • Hán-Nôm : đắm • Hán-Nôm : đẫm • Hán-Nôm : ngằm • Hán-Nôm : ngầm • Hán-Nôm : trằm • Hán-Nôm : trầm • Hán-Nôm : đẵm 沉
沌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn • Middle-Chinese : dwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ • Middle-Chinese : drjwenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Middle-Chinese : dwon benighted; ignorant • disorderly; chaotic ‖ (～河) Zhuan River (a river in Hubei) • Used in 沌口 (“name of an ancient county”). ‖ (of waves) billowing primeval chaos 沌 (eumhun 엉길 돈 (eonggil don)) hanja form of 돈 (“disorderly; chaotic”) Hán-Nôm : xộn 沌
没 ‖ 没(ぼつ) or 没(ボツ) • (botsu) ^(←ぼつ (botu)?) to sink, to be drowned • to hide • to die (synonym of 歿) ‖ rejected, unused canonical : 没: Hán Việt readings: một 没: Nôm readings: mốt • canonical : một ‖ romanization : một ‖ romanization : mốt ‖ Nôm form of một (“one”). ‖ Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”). 没
沱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl) ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : daX (dialectal) small bay in a river (also used in place names) • (～江) Tuojiang; Tuo River • tearful; wailing • rainy ‖ Used in compounds. 沱 • (ta) · 沱 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha) canonical : 沱: Hán Việt readings: đà 沱: Nôm readings: đà • canonical : đờ • canonical : đừ chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Black/Da River, a river in Vietnam”). • chữ Hán form of Đà (“the Tuo River in Sichuan or the river of the same name in Hunan”). 沱
泅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lju) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 囚 (OC *lju). \ Possibly a dialectal variant of 游 (OC *lu, “to swim”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû • Middle-Chinese : zjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡ to swim; to float; to wade ‖ Alternative form of 攸 (yōu, “(of water) flowing”) 泅 (eum 쉬 (swi)) Hán-Nôm : tù 泅
泓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷrɯːŋ) : 水 (“water”) + phonetic 弘 (OC *ɡʷɯːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wang⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'weang (of water) deep • Classifier for bodies of clear water. 泓 (eum 홍 (hong)) Hán-Nôm : hoằng 泓
泗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljids) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 四 (OC *hljids). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sei³ • Middle-Chinese : sijH (literary) nasal mucus • sniffle • Si River (a river in Shandong, China) 泗 (eum 사 (sa)) Hán-Nôm : tứa 泗
泱 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iang • Middle-Chinese : 'jang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'angX (literary) vast; broad; deep; great; boundless • (literary, of clouds or water) rising; surging; rushing; momentous ‖ Used in compounds. 泱 (eum 앙 (ang)) Hán-Nôm : ương 泱
洱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯʔ, *njɯs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 耳 (OC *njɯʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nyiX • Middle-Chinese : nyiH Hán-Nôm : nhĩ 洱
洶 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Middle-Chinese : xjowng • Middle-Chinese : xjowngX (of waves) turbulent; tempestuous • roaring; uproarious 洶 (eum 흉 (hyung)) Hán-Nôm : húng 洶
浅 Simplified from 淺 (戔 → 戋) shallow • superficial • frivolous • wretched • shameful 浅
浚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sluns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 夋 (OC *sʰlun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sluns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 夋 (OC *sʰlun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH (alt. form 濬) to dredge; to deepen; dig deep (a waterway, well, etc.) • to dredge; to unearth • to extract; to exploit • (alt. form 濬) deep; profound ‖ Used in place names. 浚 • (jun) · 浚 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun) Hán-Nôm : tuấn 浚
浬 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi² lei⁵ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ (dated) nautical mile ‖ Only used in 泥浬. ‖ 浬(り) • (ri) nautical mile (unit of distance) • knot (unit of speed) ‖ a nautical mile: the length of roughly one minute of latitude, 1,852 meters 浬 • (ri>i) · 浬 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i) Hán-Nôm : rí • Hán-Nôm : lí 浬
涇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡeŋʔ, *keːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khēng • Middle-Chinese : keng • Middle-Chinese : gjiengX the Jing River (China) 涇 (eum 경 (gyeong)) Hán-Nôm : kinh • Hán-Nôm : kênh • Hán-Nôm : kính 涇
涌 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung¹ (Cantonese) small river (often in place names) Alternative form of 湧 涌 • (yong) · 涌 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong) Hán-Nôm : dũng • Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : dòng 涌
涎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljan, *lans) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 延 (OC *lan, *lans). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Chug har (“phlegm”), Lish hahal (“phlegm”), Rupa Sherdukpen nəkʰɔ̃ː (“phlegm”), Japhug tɯɴɢar (“sputum”) (Bodt, 2021). Schuessler (2007), who reconstructs the Old Chinese minimally as *(s-)lan, compares it to Tibetan ཟླན (zlan, “moisture”). \ Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) relates it to Thai น้ำลาย (náam-laai), which is derived from Proto-Tai *laːjᴬ (“saliva”). \ Possibly related to 羨 (OC *ljans, “to envy”) (Wang, 1982; also cf. Baxter and Sagart, 2014). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : zjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : yenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ saliva ‖ Only used in 湎涎. ‖ Only used in 涎涎. ‖ 涎(よだり) • (yodari) ‖ 涎(よだれ) • (yodare) drool, slobber, saliva ‖ (archaic) snot: nasal mucus hanging or oozing out from the nose • (archaic) drool, slobber: saliva hanging or oozing out from the mouth ‖ (archaic) drool, slobber: saliva hanging or oozing out from the mouth 涎 (eum 연 (yeon)) Hán-Nôm : diên • Hán-Nôm : nhiện 涎
涓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwen (literary) brook; stream • (literary) tiny; negligible • (literary) to choose; to select • (literary) to clean; to clear 涓 • (yeon) · 涓 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen) Hán-Nôm : quen • Hán-Nôm : quên • Hán-Nôm : quyên 涓
涸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 固 (OC *kaːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khok • Middle-Chinese : hak (of bodies of water) dry • (of bodies of water) to dry up 涸 (eum 후 (hu)) · 涸 (eum 학 (hak)) Hán-Nôm : hạt 涸
淄 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu Zi River, a river in Shandong province 淄 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : chuy • Hán-Nôm : truy 淄
淅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *seːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 析 (OC *seːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Middle-Chinese : sek (formal) to wash rice • a surname 淅 (eum 석 (seok)) Hán-Nôm : tích 淅
淇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gi (～水) The name of a river that originates in Henan. • (～河, ～水) The name of a branch of the Hai River. • (～河) The name of a branch of the Han River. • (～縣) Qi County, Hebi, Henan Province 淇 • (gi) · 淇 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : kì 淇
淒 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshej ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshe̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshē chilly; cold; frigid • (alt. form 悽) miserable; sorrowful; sad ‖ (Hokkien) to go downhill; to decline; to be on the wane • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to suspend 淒 • (cheo) · 淒 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che) Hán-Nôm : thê 淒
淙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zuːŋ, *sruːŋs, *zuːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thong • Middle-Chinese : dzowng • Middle-Chinese : dzraewng • Middle-Chinese : sraewngH gurgling sound of water 淙 (eum 종 (jong)) Hán-Nôm : tong • Hán-Nôm : tông 淙
淞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Middle-Chinese : zjowng • Middle-Chinese : sjowng 淞 • (song) · 淞 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song) 淞
淪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *run) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lûn • Middle-Chinese : lwin ripple; small waves • to sink; to become submerged; to be engulfed • to sink (into ruin); to decline; to fall • to be lost; to disappear; to become nothing ripples • sink 淪 • (ryun>yun, non) · 淪 • (ryun>yun, non) (hangeul 륜>윤, 논, revised ryun>yun, non, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, non, Yale lyun>yun, non) Hán-Nôm : lún 淪
淵 Originally 𣶒 in oracle bone script; Pictogram (象形) of a basin with water. Bronze inscriptions added vertical strokes resembling riverbanks around the character, and the semantic component 氵. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'wen abyss; deep water • deep; profound • a surname abyss • edge • deep pool 淵 (eumhun 못 연 (mot yeon)) hanja form of 연 (“abyss”) Hán-Nôm : uyên 淵
渙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : xwajH • Middle-Chinese : xwanH to dissipate; to dissolve • (literary) to issue imperial edicts • (literary) overflowing; brimming • 59th hexagram of the I Ching scatter 渙 (eum 환 (hwan)) scatter • scattered, dispersed Hán-Nôm : hoán 渙
渚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : tsyoX islet; small landmass in water • waterside; beach ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (nagisa) ‖ 渚(なぎさ) • (Nagisa) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?) ‖ 渚(みぎわ) • (Migiwa) ^(←みぎは (migifa)?) strand, beach, shore ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a place name • a surname • a male or female given name ‖ the water's edge: · beach • the water's edge: · shore • the water's edge: · bank (as of a river or stream) ‖ a female given name 渚 (eumhun 물가 저 (mulga jeo)) hanja form of 저 (“shore”) Hán-Nôm : chã 渚
渥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ok • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak (literary) to moisten; to soak • (literary) deep; rich; strong; thick • (archaic) glossy; dyed • (literary) to enrich ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 沃 moisten, make moist • kind, cordial • glossy 渥 (eum 악 (ak)) Hán-Nôm : ốc 渥
渭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuds) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 胃 (OC *ɢuds) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uī • Middle-Chinese : hjw+jH (～河) the Wei River 渭 • (wi) · 渭 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi) Hán-Nôm : vây • Hán-Nôm : vấy • Hán-Nôm : vị • Hán-Nôm : vơi • Hán-Nôm : vời 渭
渾 Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hûn • Middle-Chinese : hwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² (obsolete) sound of spouting water • muddy; turbid • foolish; stupid • simple and natural; unsophisticated • whole; complete • (literary) totally • (literary) still • name of several rivers • Short for 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún). • a surname ‖ large • to mix; to muddle • simple; plain • pure • Short for 渾天／浑天. • Short for 渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí). ‖ Only used in 渾渾／浑浑 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”). • to fall all • turbidity 渾 • (hon) · 渾 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon) muddy, turbid • blend, merge, mix Hán-Nôm : hồn • Hán-Nôm : hỗn 渾
湊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰoːs) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 奏 (OC *ʔsoːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshòo • Middle-Chinese : tshuwH to gather together; to assemble • to approach; to come closer; to draw near • to be close; to be near • to happen by chance • (Cantonese) to look after; to babysit ‖ 湊(みなと) • (Minato) port, harbor • to gather together, to congregate ‖ a surname 湊 (eum 주 (ju)) Hán-Nôm : tấu 湊
湍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰoːn, *tjon) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuan • Middle-Chinese : thwan • Middle-Chinese : tsywen 湍 (eum 단 (dan)) Hán-Nôm : suyền • Hán-Nôm : đoan • Hán-Nôm : thoan • Hán-Nôm : thoăn • Hán-Nôm : thuân 湍
湔 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiân • Middle-Chinese : dzen • Middle-Chinese : tsen • Middle-Chinese : tsjen • Middle-Chinese : tsjenH (literary) to wash, to clean; to cleanse • (literary) to redress (a wrong) • Alternative form of 濺／溅 (“to splash”) • soak • Used in 湔江 (“name of a river in Sichuan province”). wash • rinse 湔 (eum 전 (jeon)) wash • cleanse • purge Hán-Nôm : tiễn 湔
湛 Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums). ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Middle-Chinese : dreamX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tam • Middle-Chinese : tom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîm • Middle-Chinese : drim profound • clear • a surname ‖ happy; joyful ‖ 湛 • (dam, chim) · 湛 • (dam, chim) (hangeul 담, 침, revised dam, chim, McCune–Reischauer tam, ch'im, Yale tam, chim) Hán-Nôm : đậm • Hán-Nôm : giặm • Hán-Nôm : sậm • Hán-Nôm : sặm • Hán-Nôm : thấm • Hán-Nôm : trạm • Hán-Nôm : xạm • Hán-Nôm : xẩm 湛
湮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːn, *qin) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 垔 (OC *qin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jin • Middle-Chinese : 'en (literary) to inundate; to sink; to bury; to cover up; to fall into oblivion • (literary) to clog up; to block up; to stop sink 湮 • (in) · 湮 • (in) (hangeul 인) Hán-Nôm : yên 湮
湾 Simplified from 灣 (彎 → 弯). ‖ 湾(わん) • (wan) bay, gulf • bend, curve (replacing 彎) ‖ (geography) bay, gulf, inlet 湾
湿 damp • wet • moist 湿
溘 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : khop ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄞˋ • Middle-Chinese : khajH (literary) abruptly; suddenly; unexpectedly • (literary) to rely on; to cover ‖ ^‡ sudden • unexpected 溘 • (hap) · 溘 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap) Hán-Nôm : hụp 溘
溥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phó • Middle-Chinese : phuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Middle-Chinese : pak big; great; vast; wide • widespread; universal ‖ name of a river 溥 • (bu, bak) · 溥 • (bu, bak) (hangeul 부, 박, revised bu, bak, McCune–Reischauer pu, pak, Yale pu, pak) Hán-Nôm : phổ 溥
溫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːn) : semantic 水 + phonetic 𥁕 (OC *quːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : un • Middle-Chinese : 'won (of temperature) lukewarm; warm • to warm up; to raise the temperature of • to revise; to review; to go over; to brush up • (chiefly in compounds) temperature • tepid; mild; soft; tender; gentle • irresolute; indecisive; weak • a surname: Wen • Alternative form of 瘟 (wēn) ‖ 溫(おん) • (On) ^(←をん (won)?) lukewarm • warm • tepid • mild ‖ a female given name 溫 (eumhun 따뜻할 온 (ttatteuthal on)) hanja form of 온 (“warm”) • hanja form of 온 (“heat up”) Hán-Nôm : ôn lukewarm (variant of 温) 溫
溼 溼
滂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng • Middle-Chinese : phang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ (of water) torrential; rushing • voluminous • (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 滂 (MC phang) ‖ Only used in 滂濞 (pēngpì) and 滂湃. 滂 • (bang) · 滂 • (bang) (hangeul 방, revised bang, McCune–Reischauer pang, Yale pang) Hán-Nôm : bẵng • Hán-Nôm : bàng • Hán-Nôm : phang • Hán-Nôm : phẳng 滂
滄 Characters in the same phonetic series (倉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong • Middle-Chinese : tshang (literary) blue; dark green (of water) • (literary) vast (of water) • (literary) cold; cool • Alternative form of 蒼／苍 (“grey”) 滄 • (chang) · 滄 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang) Hán-Nôm : thương 滄
滌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːwɢ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 條 (OC *l'ɯːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek to wash; to cleanse • to sweep; to clean up • to eliminate; to remove 滌 • (cheok) · 滌 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : địch • Hán-Nôm : sạch 滌
滓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 宰 (OC *ʔsɯːʔ). Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsáinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lái • Middle-Chinese : tsriX dregs; sediment; residue ‖ 滓(かす) or 滓(カス) • (kasu) ‖ dregs; refuse; scum 滓 • (jae) · 滓 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay) Hán-Nôm : chỉ • Hán-Nôm : trể 滓
滞 a state of stopping; stagnate 滞
滬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 扈 (OC *ɡʷaːʔ). \ Probably a derivation from 互 (OC *ɡaːs, “intertwining”) (Schuessler, 2007). 扈 (OC *ɡʷaːʔ, “to stop; to prevent”) may be the same word (ibid.). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǒo • Middle-Chinese : huX weir; bamboo fence for catching fish • Shanghai • a surname 滬 • (ho) · 滬 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) Hán-Nôm : hộ • Hán-Nôm : hỗ 滬
滲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siàm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìm • Middle-Chinese : srimH to seep; to infiltrate to soak through, to infiltrate 滲 (eum 삼 (sam)) Hán-Nôm : rướm 滲
滾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːnʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 袞 (OC *kluːnʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún to roll; to turn; to rotate • (of a flood) to flow at great speed • to boil (bubble and turn to vapour) • (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka) boiling hot; scalding hot • (dialectal Hakka) hot; high in temperature (in general) • (chiefly as imperative, derogatory, colloquial, dismissal) to go away; to scram; to beat it; to get out • to roll along or about (in snow or flour); to get bigger • extremely; very • (sewing) to use a narrow piece of cut fabric to create an edge • a surname: Gun 滾 (eum 곤 (gon)) Hán-Nôm : củn • Hán-Nôm : cổn • Hán-Nôm : cuộn • Hán-Nôm : ngổn 滾
漕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zluː, *zluːs) : phonetic 曹 (OC *zluː) + semantic 氵 (“water”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsô • Middle-Chinese : dzaw • Middle-Chinese : dzawH to transport grain by water • canal; waterway rowing • scull • paddle 漕 (eum 조 (jo)) Hán-Nôm : tảo 漕
漣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân • Middle-Chinese : ljen • Middle-Chinese : ljenH (of water) ripple • appearance of continuous weeping • (～水) river in Hunan province ‖ ripple • (of tears) continuously flowing ‖ 漣 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon)) canonical : 漣: Hán Việt readings: liên 漣: Nôm readings: trơn • canonical : lăn • canonical : liên 漣
漩 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suân ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān eddy, whirlpool ‖ (Southern Min, of liquid) to splash; to spray (from a small hole) • (Southern Min) to piss; to pee; to urinate • (Southern Min, figurative) to insult 漩
漪 See 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : 'je Short for 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī). • Alternative form of 猗 ripple 漪 (eum 의 (ui)) Hán-Nôm : y 漪
漲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiáng • Middle-Chinese : trjang • Middle-Chinese : trjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Middle-Chinese : trjang • Middle-Chinese : trjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Middle-Chinese : trjang to rise; to go up; to increase ‖ Alternative form of 脹／胀 (zhàng, “to swell; to distend”) • to be filled • (Mainland China) to exceed by • a surname ‖ Alternative name for 南海 (Nánhǎi, “South Sea”). 漲 (eum 창 (chang)) Hán-Nôm : trướng • Hán-Nôm : nhướng 漲
漳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋ) : semantic 水 + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : tsyang (～河) Zhang River (river flowing from Shanxi to Hebei) • (～江) Zhang River (river in Fujian) • Short for 漳州 (Zhāngzhōu). • a surname 漳 • (jang) · 漳 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) 漳
漿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 水 (“water”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 水 (“water”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Middle-Chinese : tsjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ (obsolete) an ancient sour drink • thick fluid (in general) • drink; beverage; juice • rice water; broth • paste; starch • to soak washed clothes in rice water to make them smooth and stiff after drying; to starch • (dialectal) soy milk • (Cantonese) to be covered by thick fluid ‖ Alternative form of 糨 (jiàng) rice water, broth, gruel • drinkstuff 漿 • (jang) · 漿 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Hán-Nôm : tương 漿
潑 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : put³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuat • Middle-Chinese : phat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ to pour; to splash • to submerge; to drown • to brew (tea); to make (tea) • wild and unreasonable • fierce and bold • bad; poor • (Hokkien, intransitive) to splatter; to splash • (Xiamen Hokkien) to fan • (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Classifier for short periods of an event. ‖ Only used in 潑潑／泼泼 (bōbō, “wiggling of fish's tail”). pour • splash • water • sprinkle • violent • malignant 潑 (eumhun 물뿌릴 발 (mulppuril bal)) sprinkle water • fierce Hán-Nôm : bát 潑
潜 潜 • (jam) · 潜 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam) 潜
潦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwʔ, *reːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 尞 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ló • Hokkien · Tai-lo : láu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Middle-Chinese : lawX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lawH Used in 潦倒 (liáodǎo) and 潦草 (liáocǎo). • Alternative form of 燎 (“to burn; to scald”) ‖ heavy rain • (of rain) heavy; torrential • puddle; accumulated water ‖ flooded; inundated • flooding • to flood heavy rain 潦 • (ryo>yo) · 潦 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : lẻo 潦
潸 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : sraen • Middle-Chinese : sraenX (literary) tearful • (literary) to shed tears 潸 • (san) · 潸 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) 潸
潺 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan • Middle-Chinese : dzrean • Middle-Chinese : dzrjen ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan⁴ The sound or appearance of flowing water. Used in compounds. ‖ (Cantonese) slime; mucus • (Matsu Eastern Eastern Min) spring water, water from the ground or from cracks in rocks 潺 • (jan) · 潺 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can) Hán-Nôm : sờn • Hán-Nôm : sàn • Hán-Nôm : sớn 潺
潼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Middle-Chinese : duwng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhowng high, lofty • damp • Tong Pass (潼關) • Tong River (潼河) 潼 • (dong) · 潼 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong) 潼
澀 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯb) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歰 (OC *srɯb, “rough; not smooth”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sap¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sip • Middle-Chinese : srip (of surfaces) rough; unsmooth • astringent; acerbic; tart • (of writing) hard to understand; obscure; not flowing • (of speech) ineloquent; sluggish • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly Alternative form of 渋 Hán-Nôm : sáp • Hán-Nôm : xát 澀
澆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : kew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngewH to pour (liquid) • to irrigate (using a waterwheel) • to water; to sprinkle • to cast; to shape metal; to mold • (literary, or in compounds) frivolous; disrespectful; discourteous ‖ Used in personal names. 澆 • (yo) · 澆 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) Hán-Nôm : nhão • Hán-Nôm : kiêu • Hán-Nôm : nghiêu 澆
澗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːns, *kraːns) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 閒 (OC *ɡreːn) \ Semantic loan from Dutch gang (“alleyway, alley, narrow street”) for the sense of alleyway, alley, narrow street. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn • Middle-Chinese : kaenH brook between mountains; mountain stream • a numeral that refers to 10³⁶ or others • (historical, Hokkien) alleyway, alley, narrow street ‖ 澗(かん) • (kan) ‖ undecillion, a number of 10³⁶ in modern Japanese since 17th century. 澗 (eumhun 산골 물 간 (san'gol mul gan)) hanja form of 간 (“mountain stream”) Hán-Nôm : giản 澗
澧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *riːʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : lejX (～水) Lishui River (a river in Hunan, China) • (～河, ～水) Lihe River (a river in Henan, China) • (～縣) Li County (a county of Hunan) • Alternative form of 醴 (lǐ, “sweet”) • a surname 澧 • (rye>ye) · 澧 • (rye>ye) (hangeul 례>예, revised rye>ye, McCune–Reischauer rye>ye, Yale lyey>yey) 澧
澱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Middle-Chinese : denH to settle; to precipitate • sediment; dregs 澱 • (jeon) · 澱 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : điến • Hán-Nôm : điện 澱
澹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms) : semantic 水 + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam). \ Related to 淡 (OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ). ‖ ‖ ‖ Possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Vietnamese đầm (“swamp; to be soaking; be sopping wet”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). Also compare Proto-Tai *domᴬ (“wet”), whence Zhuang dumz (“wet; soaked”) (Yue-Hashimoto, 1976). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎm • Middle-Chinese : damX • Middle-Chinese : damH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm • Middle-Chinese : dam ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm calm and indifferent to fame and fortune • quiet; tranquil • light (of taste); insipid • (of water) to ripple • a surname ‖ Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”). ‖ Only used in 澹林. ‖ (dialectal Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) wet; damp; moist 澹 • (dam, seom) · 澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem) Hán-Nôm : đam • Hán-Nôm : đàm • Hán-Nôm : đạm 澹
濂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm a waterfall • A river in Hunan 濂 • (ryeom>yeom) · 濂 • (ryeom>yeom) (hangeul 렴>염, revised ryeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer ryŏm>yŏm, Yale lyem>yem) Hán-Nôm : nhèm 濂
濘 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : líng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : nengX • Middle-Chinese : nejH • Middle-Chinese : nengH mud • miry, muddy, stagnant 濘 • (nyeong>yeong) · 濘 • (nyeong>yeong) (hangeul 녕>영, revised nyeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer nyŏng>yŏng, Yale nyeng>yeng) Hán-Nôm : ninh • Hán-Nôm : nính 濘
濛 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng • Middle-Chinese : muwngX drizzling, misty, raining 濛 (eum 몽 (mong)) Hán-Nôm : mông 濛
濠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːw) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hô • Middle-Chinese : haw moat; trench; ditch ‖ 濠(ごう) • (gō) ^(←がう (gau)?) ‖ 濠(ほり) • (hori) moat, trench • (abbreviation) Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as its precursor colony in the British Empire) • (abbreviation) (geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands) ‖ moat, trench ‖ ditch, canal • moat 濠 (eum 호 (ho)) Hán-Nôm : hào 濠
濡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njo, *noːn) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 需 (OC *sno). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : nyu • Middle-Chinese : nwan immerse, moisten • wet, damp • Used in 濡忍. wet 濡 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : nhụa 濡
濤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duː, *duː) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : daw billows; large waves • sound of the sea waves, billows 濤 (eumhun 물결 도 (mulgyeol do)) hanja form of 도 (“waves”) Hán-Nôm : đào 濤
濬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Middle-Chinese : swinH (alt. form 浚) to dredge; to dig (a waterway, well, etc.) • (alt. form 浚) deep; profound • ^† to enlighten; to elucidate; to clear up 濬 (eum 준 (jun)) Hán-Nôm : tuấn 濬
濱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin) \ According to Schuessler (2007), this is a Southeast Asian etymon. Compare Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *te(m)biŋ (“border, edge, shore, bank”) & Proto-Monic *t(r)mɓaɲ (“rim, edge; lips”). \ Unclear, if possible, connection with Tibeto-Burman lexical items: Lepcha ᰓᰧᰶ (bí, “edge, border”) & ᰜᰤᰴ ᰓᰧᰶ (lyaŋ bí, “utmost limit of a place”); Tibetan ཕྱི (phyi) ~ ཕྱིན (phyin, “outside”) (unless the Tibetan items belong to 比 (OC *piʔ, “behind > outside?”)) (ibid.). \ 瀕 (OC *pin, *bin) is possibly its endopassive derivative. 墳 (OC -) ~ 濆 (OC *pʰɯːn, *bɯn) is possibly its vocalic variant (ibid.). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : pjin shore; beach; coast; bank • to border on; to be adjacent to • (obsolete) Alternative form of 瀕／濒 (bīn, “imminent; about to; nearly”) • (literary) border; edge ‖ 濱(はま) • (hama) ‖ beach, seashore 濱 (eumhun 물가 빈 (mulga bin)) Hán-Nôm : tân 濱
濺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsens, *ʔseːn) : semantic 水 (“walk”) + phonetic 賤 (OC *zlens). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsens, *ʔseːn) : semantic 水 (“walk”) + phonetic 賤 (OC *zlens). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiān • Middle-Chinese : tsjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsen to splash; to splatter ‖ Used in 濺濺／溅溅 (jiānjiān) 濺 • (cheon) · 濺 • (cheon) (hangeul 천) Hán-Nôm : tiên • Hán-Nôm : tiễn 濺
濾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ras) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 慮 (OC *ras). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī to strain out; to filter filter, strain 濾 • (ryeo>yeo) · 濾 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) Hán-Nôm : lự 濾
瀆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶ (literary) ditch; sluice; gutter; drain • (literary) great river; large river • (literary) to show disrespect or contempt, to be rude to, to annoy, to profane ‖ Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “opening; hole”) ditch • sluice • gutter, drain • blaspheme, pollute 瀆 (eum 독 (dok)) ditch • pollute Hán-Nôm : độc 瀆
瀉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sjaːʔ, *sjaːɡs) : semantic 水 + phonetic 寫 (OC *sjaːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sià • Middle-Chinese : sjaeX • Middle-Chinese : sjaeH to pour out; to flow rapidly; to pour down • to leak; to drain off • to have loose bowels; to have diarrhea • to plummet • (Hakka) to break; to smash ‖ evacuation ‖ 瀉 (eum 사 (sa)) drain off, leak • flow, pour down Hán-Nôm : tả • Hán-Nôm : dã • Hán-Nôm : tã 瀉
瀋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 審 (OC *hljɯmʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sím • Middle-Chinese : tsyhimX (obsolete) liquid; juice • to pour • Short for 瀋陽／沈阳 (Shěnyáng). 瀋 • (sim) · 瀋 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim) Hán-Nôm : thẩm • Hán-Nôm : thẳm • Hán-Nôm : thấm • Hán-Nôm : thẫm • Hán-Nôm : thỏm • Hán-Nôm : thủm • Hán-Nôm : trầm 瀋
瀏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru, *m·ruʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 劉 (OC *m·ru). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru, *m·ruʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 劉 (OC *m·ru). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liû • Middle-Chinese : ljuw • Middle-Chinese : ljuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡ ^† (of water) clear; deep ‖ Alternative form of 溜 (“to sneak off”) clear 瀏 • (ryu>yu) · 瀏 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu) Hán-Nôm : lưu 瀏
瀕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pin, *bin) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 頻 (OC *bin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin water's edge; waterside • to be close to; to border on • approach; near; be on verge of 瀕 (eum 빈 (bin)) Hán-Nôm : tần 瀕
瀚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 翰 (OC *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hān • Middle-Chinese : hanH vast; wide; extensive 瀚 • (han) · 瀚 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han) Hán-Nôm : hãn • Hán-Nôm : hạn 瀚
瀛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 嬴 (OC *leŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : yeng (archaic, or in compounds) ocean; sea • (obsolete) marsh • a surname 瀛 (eum 영 (yeong)) sea Hán-Nôm : doanh 瀛
瀝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lek⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lek to drip; to trickle • drop; drip • sediment of wine; dregs ‖ Used in 瀝源／沥源 (“Lek Yuen, Hong Kong”). ‖ Used in 大瀝／大沥 (Dàlì, “Dali, Guangdong”). dropping 瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) · 瀝 • (ryeok>yeok) (hangeul 력>역, revised ryeok>yeok, McCune–Reischauer ryŏk>yŏk, Yale lyek>yek) Hán-Nôm : lạch 瀝
瀟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːw) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 蕭 (OC *sɯːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau (of water) deep and clear • (～水) Xiao River (a river in Hunan, China) 瀟 (eum 소 (so)) Hán-Nôm : tiêu 瀟
瀨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːds) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 賴 (OC *raːds). \ As this word appeared in texts about ancient Eastern Yue (now Min) area and Chen Zan remarked that it was a Wu-Yue word, Schuessler (2007) speculates that it has Austroasiatic origin, comparing it to Wa-Lawa-Bulang *rah "rapids, waterfall" & Old Khmer rat (“to move swiftly, to run”), possibly derived from a root meaning "swift". Proto-Min *l̥aiꟲ is identical to Proto-Tai *hla:iᴮ¹. \ Possibly unrelated to 濿 (OC *m·rads) "a ford". ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāi • Middle-Chinese : lajH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luah rapids; swift current ‖ (Cantonese) to pass (urine or feces) involuntarily ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien) area with torrential waters steeply falling onto the riverbed swift current • rapids 瀨 (eumhun 여울 뢰 (yeoul roe), word-initial (South Korea) 여울 뇌 (yeoul noe)) hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“rapids”) 瀨
瀰 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mjie • Middle-Chinese : mjieX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : nejX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mjie • Middle-Chinese : mjieX • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : nejX (of water) full; overflowing; deep; expansive • (alt. form 彌／弥) full ‖ (obsolete) flow 瀰 (eum 미 (mi)) Hán-Nôm : di full 瀰
瀾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn). \ 浪 (làng, “wave”) may be a colloquial variant. Phonetically too distant to be related to Thai คลื่น (klʉ̂ʉn, “wave”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ ‖ A dialectal variant of 涎 (OC *ljan, “saliva”) in the South (Schuessler, 2007; Xu and Iwata, 2014). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Middle-Chinese : lan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǎn • Middle-Chinese : lanH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuǎ wave; billow • ripple • to surge; to swell • ^† Alternative form of 灡／𬉠 (lán, “water from washed rice”) ‖ Used in 瀾漫／澜漫 and 瀾汗／澜汗. ‖ (chiefly Hakka, Min, Southern Wu) saliva large waves 瀾 (eumhun 물결 란 (mulgyeol ran), word-initial (South Korea) 물결 난 (mulgyeol nan)) hanja form of 란/난 (“wave”) Hán-Nôm : lan 瀾
灑 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sá • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Middle-Chinese : sreaX • Middle-Chinese : sraeX • Middle-Chinese : srjeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Middle-Chinese : srjeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Middle-Chinese : srjeX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ to sprinkle; to splash • to scatter; to throw • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 洗 • Alternative form of 蓰 ‖ Alternative form of 釃／酾 • Used in 離灑／离洒. ‖ cold • terrified ‖ Only used in 淋灑／淋洒. pour • sprinkle • wash • purify • be clean/refreshed 灑 • (sae, swae) · 灑 • (sae, swae) (hangeul 새, 쇄, revised sae, swae, McCune–Reischauer sae, swae, Yale say, sway) Hán-Nôm : sái • Hán-Nôm : rợi • Hán-Nôm : tẩy • Hán-Nôm : thối 灑
灘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Middle-Chinese : than ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : xanX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : nanH shoal • beach • Classifier for liquid or paste spread over a surface: pool; puddle ‖ ‖ ‖ 灘(なだ) • (nada) ‖ area of a sea or an ocean with strong winds or surging waves; rough sea 灘 (eumhun 여울 탄 (yeoul tan)) hanja form of 탄 (“shoal”) Hán-Nôm : than 灘
灣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 彎 (OC *qroːn) – a type of water. \ Cognate with 彎 (OC *qroːn, “bend; curve”) (Wang, 1982). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uân • Middle-Chinese : 'waen (geography) bend in a river • (geography) bay; gulf • (regional, nautical) to berth; to anchor; to moor • a surname Kyūjitai form of 湾 灣 (eumhun 물굽이 만 (mulgubi man)) hanja form of 만 (“(geography) bay; gulf”) [noun] Hán-Nôm : loan • Hán-Nôm : loáng • Hán-Nôm : loãng • Hán-Nôm : vịnh bay, gulf 灣
灯 ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (-tō) ‖ 灯(とう) • (tō) ‖ 灯(ともし) • (tomoshi) ‖ 灯(ともしび) • (tomoshibi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼし) • (Toboshi) ‖ 灯(とぼしび) • (toboshibi) ‖ 灯(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 灯(ひ) • (hi) ‖ a light, lamp ‖ counter for 電灯 (dentō, “electric lights”) ‖ electric light ‖ light, lamp • (by extension) Buddhist teaching ‖ a light • Alternative spelling of 照射 (tomoshi): a torch used to bait deer when night hunting ‖ a light • a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch) • (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students ‖ (archaic) an indoor torch • (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshi) ‖ a placename ‖ (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi) ‖ a light, lamp • (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha ‖ a light, lamp 灯
炉 ‖ 炉(ろ) • (ro) ‖ furnace, kiln 炉 • (ro>no) · 炉 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노) 炉
炙 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeH • Middle-Chinese : tsyek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsia̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuànn ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiò to roast; to broil; to toast; to cauterize • roast meat ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 炸 (chia̍h) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 煎 (chòaⁿ) ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 焟 (chioh) roast • broil • toast • cauterize 炙 (eumhun 구울 자 (guul ja)) ‖ 炙 (eumhun 구울 적 (guul jeok)) hanja form of 자 (“to roast; to broil”) ‖ hanja form of 적 (“jeok (a Korean meat dish)”) Hán-Nôm : chá • Hán-Nôm : chả • Hán-Nôm : chích 炙
炯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Middle-Chinese : hwengX • Middle-Chinese : kwengX bright; brilliant • clear; obvious • (literary) flame; blaze light • clear 炯 (eum 형 (hyeong)) Shining bright canonical : 炯: Hán Việt readings: quýnh • canonical : quỷnh • canonical : huỳnh 炯
炳 Unger (1986) reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation as *pl(j)aŋʔ and considers this item part of a word family under 陽 (OC *laŋ) and related to Thai ปลั่ง (bplàng, “bright”); alternatively, Schuessler (2007) reconstructs OC *br(j)aŋʔ and includes this in an Austroasiatic word family under 亮 (OC *raŋs). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng • Middle-Chinese : pjaengX bright; luminous • to shine • notable; remarkable; outstanding; prominent; marked; striking; distinctive • to ignite; to set on fire; to light; to kindle ‖ 炳(へい) • (hei) ^†-tari (adnominal 炳(へい)とした (hei to shita) or 炳(へい)たる (hei taru), adverbial 炳(へい)と (hei to) or 炳(へい)として (hei to shite)) clear & bright ‖ bright, shining, • clear to the eye 炳 • (byeong) · 炳 • (byeong) (hangeul 병, revised byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏng, Yale pyeng) bright, luminous • glorious Hán-Nôm : bình • Hán-Nôm : bính • Hán-Nôm : bỉnh • Hán-Nôm : bảnh • Hán-Nôm : bãnh 炳
点 ‖ 点(てん) • (-ten) ‖ 点(てん) • (ten) ‖ items or goods ‖ spot, dot • score, grade, mark(s) • point 点 (eum 점 (jeom)) Alternative form of 點 (“hanja form of 점 (“point; dot; spot; speck”)”) 点
烊 Originally an alternative form (異體字／异体字 (yìtǐzì)) of 煬／炀 (yáng). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ) : semantic 火 (“flame”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ). ‖ Originally an alternative form (異體字／异体字 (yìtǐzì)) of 煬／炀 (yáng). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ) : semantic 火 (“flame”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâng • Middle-Chinese : yang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāng to smelt • to melt ‖ Only used in 打烊 (dǎyàng). 烊 • (yang) · 烊 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) canonical : 烊: Hán Việt readings: rang 烊
烽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰoŋ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 夆 (OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : phjowng signal fire • the tower where such a signal fire is lit ‖ signal fire, beacon ‖ 烽 • (bong) · 烽 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong) canonical : 烽: Hán Việt readings: phong 烽
焙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē to bake; to torrefy; to heat over a slow fire 焙 • (bae) · 焙 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay) canonical : 焙: Hán Việt readings: bồi 焙
煉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ). refine metals • kneading over fire 煉 • (ryeon>yeon) · 煉 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen) Hán-Nôm : luyện • Hán-Nôm : rịn 煉
煜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : juk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yuwk • Middle-Chinese : hip brilliant; glorious 煜 • (uk, eup) · 煜 • (uk, eup) (hangeul 욱, 읍, revised uk, eup, McCune–Reischauer uk, ŭp, Yale wuk, up) canonical : 煜: Hán Việt readings: dục 煜
煥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Middle-Chinese : xwanH flare; blaze • glowing; shining; lustrous; brilliant • to radiate • a surname shine 煥 • (hwan) · 煥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan) shining, brilliant • lustrous canonical : 煥: Hán Việt readings: hoán 煥
煦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : heoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ù • Middle-Chinese : xjuX • Middle-Chinese : xjuH warm • kind; gentle; gracious; genial warm 煦 • (hu) · 煦 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu) kind, gentle • gracious • genial canonical : 煦: Hán Việt readings: hú 煦
煬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ, *laŋs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ, *laŋs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yangH to melt; to smelt (metal) ‖ to bake; to roast • to warm oneself by the fire • hot 煬 • (yang) · 煬 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) Hán-Nôm : dương 煬
熨 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ut • Middle-Chinese : 'jut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jut ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jw+jH ‖ to iron; to press • to be closely appressed to; to abut • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be stained with ‖ Only used in 熨貼／熨帖／熨贴 (yùtiē). ‖ (traditional Chinese medicine) to foment ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 燙／烫 (“to iron; to press”) flatiron • smooth out 熨 (eum 위 (wi)) iron • press Hán-Nôm : úy/uý • Hán-Nôm : uất • Hán-Nôm : ủi • Hán-Nôm : uỳn • Hán-Nôm : ùn • Hán-Nôm : uỵn • Hán-Nôm : vùn • Hán-Nôm : vuỵn • Hán-Nôm : vuỹn • Hán-Nôm : ũn • Hán-Nôm : vũn 熨
熹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Middle-Chinese : xi warm, bright 熹 • (hui) · 熹 • (hui) (hangeul 희) 熹
熾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯɡs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjɯɡs) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci³ • Middle-Chinese : tsyhiH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh (of fire) intense; raging • flourishing; prosperous • to burn ‖ (Hokkien) to macerate; to ret; to soak • (Xiamen Hokkien) to shine for a short while (of the sun) kindling fire or flame 熾 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : xé • Hán-Nôm : xế • Hán-Nôm : xi • Hán-Nôm : sí • Hán-Nôm : xí 熾
燄 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yemX Alternative form of 焰 (yàn, “flame”) Hán-Nôm : diễm • Hán-Nôm : diệm 燄
燉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn) : semantic 火 + phonetic 敦 (OC *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tūn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣ • Middle-Chinese : thwon • Middle-Chinese : dwon to stew • to heat up (soup, wine, etc.) by steeping the container in hot water ‖ flaming; blazing 燉 • (don) · 燉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton) Hán-Nôm : đôn • Hán-Nôm : đốn • Hán-Nôm : đun • Hán-Nôm : đón • Hán-Nôm : don • Hán-Nôm : giôn 燉
燎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rew, *rewʔ, *rews) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 尞 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rew, *rewʔ, *rews) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 尞 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Middle-Chinese : ljew • Middle-Chinese : ljewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : ljewX torch • (alt. form 潦) to burn; to scald • (historical) offering involving burning wood ‖ to burn weeds • to singe; to scorch; to set on fire • (alt. form 爒) to roast bonfire • burn 燎 • (ryo>yo) · 燎 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : liệu • Hán-Nôm : leo • Hán-Nôm : liêu • Hán-Nôm : riu 燎
燐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lin • Middle-Chinese : linH ignis fatuus • (chemistry) phosphorus ‖ 燐(りん) or 燐(リン) • (rin) ignis fatuus • will-o'-the-wisp • phosphorus ‖ phosphorus 燐 (eum 린 (rin), word-initial (South Korea) 인 (in)) canonical : 燐: Hán Việt readings: lân 燐
燙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋs) : phonetic 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ) + semantic 火. \ From 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, “hot water”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thòng to burn; to scald; to injure (with high temperature) • to warm; to heat something up (using hot water or fire) • to perm (one's hair) • (cooking) to blanch • (Cantonese) to iron • hot (because of high temperature) 燙 • (tang) · 燙 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang) Hán-Nôm : nãng • Hán-Nôm : năng • Hán-Nôm : nắng • Hán-Nôm : thãng • Hán-Nôm : thạng • Hán-Nôm : nẵng • Hán-Nôm : tãng • Hán-Nôm : tẵng • Hán-Nôm : tặng • Hán-Nôm : thẵng • Hán-Nôm : thẫng • Hán-Nôm : thậng 燙
燜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : būn cook in a covered vessel • to casserole • to stew Hán-Nôm : muộn 燜
燦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 粲 (OC *sʰaːns) \ Same word as 粲 (OC *sʰaːns). See there for etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn • Middle-Chinese : tshanH vivid; illuminating • bright; lustrous lustrous 燦 (eum 찬 (chan)) Hán-Nôm : xán 燦
燧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljuds) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 遂 (OC *ljuds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suī • Middle-Chinese : zwijH flintstone • beacon fire; signal fire • torch 燧 • (su) · 燧 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) Hán-Nôm : toại 燧
燬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmralʔ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 毀 (OC *hmralʔ, *hmrals). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej (“fire”); probably cognate with 火 (OC *qʰʷaːlʔ, “fire”) (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí • Middle-Chinese : xjweX blazing fire • to burn up; to burn down blaze 燬 (eum 훼 (hwe)) burn down • blaze, fire Hán-Nôm : hủy • Hán-Nôm : huỷ 燬
燮 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sip³ • Middle-Chinese : sep (literary) to harmonize; to mediate • (literary) harmonious • a surname moderate • alleviate • boil over low heat 燮 (eumhun 불꽃 섭 (bulkkot seop)) harmonize, blend • adjust 燮
燴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁶ to ragout; to cook; to braise • (historical) Chinese dish consisting of fish grilled to the rare stage and then thinly sliced similar to tataki Hán-Nôm : quái • Hán-Nôm : dõi • Hán-Nôm : dọi • Hán-Nôm : giõi • Hán-Nôm : giọi • Hán-Nôm : khoái • Hán-Nôm : rọi 燴
燻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun). smoulder • fume • oxidize 燻 • (hun) · 燻 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun) Hán-Nôm : huân • Hán-Nôm : hun 燻
爍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰljawɢ) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : syak ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ to glisten; to glimmer • bright; brilliant; glittering • hot • to roast; to broil • Alternative form of 鑠／铄 (shuò, “to melt by heat; to fuse”) ‖ (Southern Min) to glisten; to glimmer ‖ Only used in 爆爍／爆烁. 爍 (eum 삭 (sak)) Hán-Nôm : thước 爍
爛 Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn). Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lān • Middle-Chinese : lanH (of fruits, etc.) rotten; spoiled; decayed • well-cooked; soft; mushy • broken; fragmented; shattered • low-quality; poor; lousy • to rot; to decay; to decompose; to spoil • completely; thoroughly • bright; brilliant; gorgeous; magnificent • (Cantonese) to be addicted to • (Cantonese) extremely • Used in 爛漫／烂漫 (lànmàn). be sore • inflamed • bleary • fester 爛 • (ran>nan) · 爛 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan) Hán-Nôm : lạn • Hán-Nôm : láng • Hán-Nôm : rạn 爛
爨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tshwanH • Middle-Chinese : tshwan to cook • cooker; cookstove • a surname • Short for 爨體／爨体 (“a style of calligraphy popular in 3rd-4th century AD, considered transitional in the development from clerical script to regular script”). boil, cook 爨 (eumhun 부뚜막 찬 (buttumak chan)) Hán-Nôm : thoán 爨
爰 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爫 (“hand, claw”) + 又 (“hand”) – the middle component has taken various forms. \ Contraction of 于時 (OC *ɢʷa djɯ) or 于是 (OC *ɢʷa djeʔ) (Smith, 2012). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjwon therefore, consequently • A sentence-initial particle lead on to • therefore • then 爰 • (won) · 爰 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen) lead on to • therefore • then Hán-Nôm : viên • Hán-Nôm : vươn 爰
爺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laː) : semantic 父 (“father”) + phonetic 耶 (OC *laː). \ Vovin and McCraw (2011) compare it to Old Turkic [script needed] (uya, “relative”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâ (literary, dialectal or in compounds) father • grandfather • (polite) grandpa; sir (term of address for an elderly man) • (archaic, honorific) sir (term of address for a rich or influential man) • (honorific) term of address for gods and the Buddha • (colloquial, derogatory or familiar, Northern China, male) I; me ‖ 爺(じい) • (jī) ^(←ぢい (dii)?) · 爺(じい) or 爺(じじ) or 爺(じゞ) or 爺(じじい) or 爺(じゞい) • (jī or jiji or jijī) ^(←ぢい (dii) or ぢぢ (didi) or ぢぢい (didii)?) old man • grandfather ‖ a grandfather • an old man; a geezer; a gramps 爺 (eumhun 아비 야 (abi ya)) Hán-Nôm : gia chữ Hán form of gia. 爺
爻 Pictogram (象形) : 乂 + 乂 – 2 stacked ‘X’ marks, indicating cuts or marks. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngâu • Middle-Chinese : haew ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâu a figure composed of six stacked horizontal lines; a hexagram of the I Ching ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 𠢕 ‖ 爻(こう) • (kō) ‖ 爻 • (hyo) · 爻 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo) Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : loài 爻
爾 Pictogram (象形) – cloth on a loom, with threads crossing – original form of 檷 (OC *niːlʔ, “loom”). Used phonetically. \ ; “you; your” \ ; "that" ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn • Middle-Chinese : nyeX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nī ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : niā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niâ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : nǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nā ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn (literary or dialectal) you; your • (literary) so; this way • (literary or dialectal) this; that • (obsolete, of flowers) exuberant • (obsolete) a suffix or word-final particle indicating state, appearance, sound, or manner accompanying a verb • (literary) a sentence final particle; merely; only • a surname ‖ ‖ (Hokkien) that's all; nothing more; is all ‖ (Hokkien) only ‖ Used in transcription. ‖ 爾(じ) • (ji) ‖ 爾(おれ) • (ore) ‖ second person archaic pronoun: thou, you • distal pronoun equivalent to modern それ (sore) or その (sono): that • auxiliary character in 漢文 (kanbun) texts indicating state or condition ‖ (archaic, vulgar) second person pronoun: you 爾 (eumhun 너 이 (neo i)) canonical : 爾: Hán Việt readings: nhĩ 爾: Nôm readings: nhãi • canonical : nhĩ 爾
牆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 嗇 (“wheat in a granary”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiâng • Middle-Chinese : dzjang wall (Classifier: 面 m; 堵 m mn; 埲 c; 幅 c) • (Mainland China, Internet slang) Great Firewall • (Mainland China, Internet slang, usually passive) (the Great Firewall) to censor; to block (a website) 牆 • (jang) · 牆 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Hán-Nôm : tường 牆
牒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dep writing slip made of bamboo or wood in ancient China • official document or note; certificate; credentials • records of family pedigree; genealogical records • books; documents; records • plaint; indictment 牒 • (cheop) · 牒 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep) Hán-Nôm : điệp 牒
牖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : yuwX (literary) window • Alternative form of 誘／诱 (yòu, “to lead; to enlighten”) ‖ ‖ 牖 • (yu) · 牖 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) Hán-Nôm : dũ 牖
牘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 片 (“slice”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Related to 讀 (OC *l'oːɡ, “read”), according to STEDT. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk wooden tablets or slips for writing in ancient China • document; archive • letter; correspondence wooden tablet • letter; correspondence 牘 • (dok) · 牘 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok) Hán-Nôm : dộc • Hán-Nôm : độc 牘
牝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bilʔ, *binʔ) : semantic 牛 (“cattle”) + phonetic 匕 (OC *pilʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pwi(y)-n (“female, mother, big, molar”) (STEDT, Schuessler (2007)). Cognate with Mizo pui (“(suffix or particle) full-grown female, mother (generally used of animals)”), ha-pui (“molar”); Jingpho wi ~ yi (“female”); etc. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Middle-Chinese : bjijX • Middle-Chinese : bjinX (of an animal) female • (literary) female genitalia • gorge; valley • type of keyhole in ancient times female (of an animal) • female genitalia • gorge, hole, hollow 牝 • (bin) · 牝 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) Hán-Nôm : tẫn 牝
牟 Ideogram (指事) : An ox (牛) with a symbol (now 厶) to represent its lowing. \ ; “moo” \ ; “to seek; to obtain” \ ; “to love” \ ; “look; appearance” \ ; “spear” ‖ Ideogram (指事) : An ox (牛) with a symbol (now 厶) to represent its lowing. \ ; “moo” \ ; “to seek; to obtain” \ ; “to love” \ ; “look; appearance” \ ; “spear” Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biô • Middle-Chinese : mjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ (onomatopoeia) the sound of cattle: moo • to seek; to obtain; to seize • to exceed; to increase; to double • broad; great • longlasting • (Han dynasty, Sòng-Lǔ dialect) to love • look; appearance • spear • Alternative form of 麰／𮮇 (móu, “barley”) • Alternative form of 眸 (móu, “eyeball”) • Alternative form of 堥 (“earthen pot”) • Alternative form of 侔 (móu, “to be equal”) • Alternative form of 鍪 (móu, “helmet”) • (～國) (historical) Mou (an ancient state in modern-day Shandong, China) • a surname ‖ Used in place names. • a surname pupil (hole in middle of an iris) • moo (lowing sound of a cow) 牟 • (mo) · 牟 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo) Hán-Nôm : mưu • Hán-Nôm : màu • Hán-Nôm : mâu • Hán-Nôm : mầu • Hán-Nôm : mào 牟
牠 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tha • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho (animal) it Hán-Nôm : tha 牠
牯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːʔ) : semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ) \ Wang (1982) related this word to 羖 (OC *klaːʔ, “(black) ram”) and 豭 (OC *kraː, “boar”). \ However, Schuessler (2007) suggested an Austroasiatic origin: compare these Bahnaric lexical items Koho klaw, Chrau klo:, Bulo Stieng klaw "male" (all from Proto-Bahnaric *kləw < Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁l(ə)w(ʔ) (“male”)), as well as Khmer ខ្លោះ (khlɑh, “male, virile”), កំលោះ (kɑmlɑh, “young man”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX bull; ox (especially castrated) • cow (female) • (Hakka, Teochew, suffix) male 牯 • (go) · 牯 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) Hán-Nôm : cổ 牯
牴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Middle-Chinese : tejX (literary) to gore; to butt • (literary, by extension) to conflict; to contradict 牴 • (jeo) · 牴 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) 牴
犄 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i • Middle-Chinese : 'je ‖ ^‡ castrated male bovine • ^‡ Name of a kind of bovine. • ^‡ Alternative form of 猗 canonical : 犄: Hán Việt readings: cơ 犄: Nôm readings: cơ chữ Hán form of cơ. 犄
犒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːws) : semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou³ • Middle-Chinese : khawH to reward troops with food and drink; to feast 犒 • (ho) · 犒 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) 犒
犖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok⁶ • Middle-Chinese : laewk (literary) brindled ox • (literary) brindled in color • (literary) evident; conspicuous • Used in 犖确 (luòquè). 犖 • (rak>nak) · 犖 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak) 犖
犛 Earliest extant attestation is in Discourses of the States: \ * \ 不然，巴浦之犀、犛、兕、象，其可盡乎，其又以規為瑱也？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]不然，巴浦之犀、牦、兕、象，其可尽乎，其又以规为瑱也？ [Classical Chinese, simp.] \ From: Guoyu, circa 4ᵗʰ century BCE \ Bùrán, Bā Pǔ zhī xī, máo/lí, sì, xiàng, qí kě jìn hū, qí yòu yǐ guī wéi tiàn yě? [Pinyin] \ ‘Otherwise, it is because rhinoceros, yaks, wild bovids and elephants in Ba and Pu have become extinct, and for this reason you use my recommendations as earplugs (which are made from the bones of these exotic animals)?’ \ According to Schuessler (2007), 犛 (OC *rə) > lí is either related to or borrowed from Tibetan འབྲི ('bri, “female yak”). \ Jacques, d'Alpoim Guedes and Zhang (2021) propose 犛 (OC *mrˁu) > máo could reflect a borrowing from Rgyalrongic language after loss of final *-ŋ, thus making it cognate to Rgyalrongic terms for "male yak" like Tshobdun qɐⁿbrúʔ, Zbu qɐⁿbrúʔ, Situ kəmbrû, Japhug qambrɯ, and Khroskyabs [script needed] (ʁbrô); as well as Tibetan འབྲོང ('brong, “wild yak”) and Burmese ပြောင် (praung, “gaur”), etc. all from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brawŋ (“wild yak, buffalo”) (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : li • Middle-Chinese : loj • Middle-Chinese : maew yak Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : mao 犛
犢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with 羭 (OC *lo, “sheep”), Tibetan ལུག (lug, “sheep”). \ Other etymologies have been proposed: \ * Boodberg (1937) relates it to Tibetan ཕྲུག (phrug, “calf”), which Schuessler (2007) deems unlikely. \ * Norman (1988) suggests that it may be a loan from Mongolic or Tungusic; compare Mongolian ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ (tuɣul, “calf”), Manchu ᡨᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (tukšan, “calf”). This is an unlikely etymology due to recent developments in the reconstruction of Old Chinese, where *l- (rather than older reconstructions with *d-) would be a poor match for Mongolic/Tungusic t-, as well as new archaeological evidence suggesting that the word is likely older than previously assumed (Miyake, 2017; Cao, 2021). \ * It could also be related to 畜 (OC *l̥ʰuɡs, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ, “to nourish; domestic animal”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk calf (young cow or bull) • a surname 犢 • (dok) · 犢 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok) 犢
犧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 羲 (OC *hŋral). \ Cognate with 儀 (OC *ŋral, “ceremony; appearance”). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje (historical) pure-colored sacrificial animal • sacrifice 犧 • (hui, sa) · 犧 • (hui, sa) (hangeul 희, 사, revised hui, sa, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, sa, Yale huy, sa) canonical : 犧: Hán Việt readings: hy • canonical : hi 犧: Nôm readings: hi chữ Hán form of hi (“certain types of sacrifice”). 犧
状 ‖ 状(じょう) • (-jō) condition • form • appearance • letter ‖ being in such condition • having such form or appearance • letter, card, written notice 状 • (jang, sang) · 状 • (jang, sang) (hangeul 장, 상, revised jang, sang, McCune–Reischauer chang, sang, Yale cang, sang) 状
狄 ;"northern foreigners" \ ;"low servant" Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek the Di people; Zhou dynasty era term for tribes from northern China • low servant • Alternative form of 翟 • a surname barbarian 狄 (eumhun 오랑캐 적 (orangkae jeok)) hanja form of 적 (“tribe from northern China”) Hán-Nôm : địch • Hán-Nôm : đệt 狄
狎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːb) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Middle-Chinese : haep (literary) to be used to; to be familiar with • (literary) to get close to; to become intimate with • (literary) to slight; to neglect • (literary) to tease; to play tricks on 狎 • (ap) · 狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap) Hán-Nôm : hiệp • Hán-Nôm : hạp 狎
独 ‖ 独(どく) • (doku) ^(←どく (doku)?) solo, monad • single ‖ solitary • Short for ドイツ／独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany (a country)”). 独
狭 ‖ 狭(さ) • (sa) ‖ 狭(せ) • (se) ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba) ^†-nari ‖ 狭(せば) • (seba) cramped • narrow • contract • tight ‖ narrow, small ‖ (archaic) narrowness ‖ (archaic, Classical Japanese) narrow ‖ Short for 狭縮緬 (sebachirimen /⁠せばちりめん⁠/). 狭
狷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwenH • Middle-Chinese : kjwienH (literary) rash; impetuous; impulsive • (literary) reserved; overcautious • (literary) upright (of character) narrow • short-tempered 狷 • (gyeon) · 狷 • (gyeon) (hangeul 견, revised gyeon, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, Yale kyen) 狷
狹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb) – narrow-minded, like a dog. \ The endopassive of 夾 (OC *kreːb, “to press between”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjap (“narrow; crowded”), from which Burmese ကျပ် (kyap, “tight”) is derived (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ere̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Middle-Chinese : heap narrow (of rooms, pants, streets, etc.); tight • narrow-minded; narrow (of one's thinking, knowledge, mind, etc.) narrow • contract • reduce • tight • limited 狹 • (hyeop) · 狹 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep) Hán-Nôm : hẹp • Hán-Nôm : hiẹp • Hán-Nôm : hệp 狹
狽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːds) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 貝 (OC *paːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Middle-Chinese : pajH (mythology) a legendary wolf-like animal with short forelegs and long hind legs • distressed • wretched 狽 • (pae) · 狽 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pae, McCune–Reischauer p'ae, Yale phay) Hán-Nôm : bái 狽
猙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ, *zeŋʔ) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : tsreang • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX fierce-looking; ferocious • (literary, Chinese mythology) a red leopard-like creature with one horn 猙 • (jaeng) · 猙 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng) Hán-Nôm : tranh 猙
猥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːlʔ) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 畏 (OC *quls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ué • Middle-Chinese : 'wojX (obsolete) to accumulate • (obsolete) many; numerous • (literary) numerous and chaotic • (literary) lowly; obscene • (obsolete) incorrectly; erroneously • (obsolete) suddenly • (Lichuan Gan) to play obscene • vulgar 猥 (eum 외 (oe)) Hán-Nôm : ổi 猥
猫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrew) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). ‖ 猫(ねこ) or 猫(ネコ) • (neko) (counter 匹) ‖ 猫(ねこま) • (nekoma) ‖ a cat ‖ (obsolete) a cat hanja form of 묘 (“cat”) 猫
献 offer, present • show, display 献
猷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû • Middle-Chinese : yuw to plan, scheme • plan, plot • way 猷 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : du 猷
獅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sri) : semantic 犭 (“dog; beast”) + phonetic 師 (OC *sri). \ Originally written as 師. Earliest written attestations in the Eastern Han era include the Book of Han [before 111], the surviving portion of the Dongguan Hanji [c. 150], and Lokakṣema's translation of the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā [179]. The term is possibly of Iranian origin. In the Book of Han, the lion was described as indigenous to the historical 烏弋山離 (OC *qaː lɯɡ sreːn rel, “Alexandria”), possibly Alexandria Prophthasia (Yu, 1998), which was part of the Parthian Empire at the time. The Dongguan mentions a lion as a gift from the Shule Kingdom in the year 133, where a Saka language was spoken then. Earlier definite dates associated with the lion mentioned in the Book of the Later Han include the year 87, when a gift lion from the Yuezhi was recorded. \ Compare Proto-Iranian *cárguš (“lion”). Possibly related to 狻猊 (OC *sloːn ŋeː). \ Meanwhile, Adams (2013) postulates possible Tocharian connections; cf. Tocharian B ṣecake and etymologies. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sir • Middle-Chinese : srij lion ‖ 獅(し) • (shi) a lion ‖ lion 獅 (eumhun 사자 사 (saja sa)) hanja form of 사 (“lion”) canonical : 獅: Hán Việt readings: sư 獅: Nôm readings: sư chữ Hán form of sư (“lion”). 獅
獎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋʔ) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 犬 (“dog”). The significance of 犬 is debated; cf. the same radical in 獻. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX to reward someone with something as encouragement; to award • reward; prize • prize money Alternative form of 奨: reward; prize 獎 (eum 장 (jang)) Alternative form of 奬 Hán-Nôm : tưởng 獎
獐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiunn • Middle-Chinese : tsyang water deer ‖ roebuck • hornless river deer ‖ 獐 (eumhun 노루 장 (noru jang)) roe deer canonical : 獐: Hán Việt readings: chương 獐: Nôm readings: chương chữ Hán form of chương (“musk deer”). 獐
獗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ Only used in 猖獗 (chāngjué). 獗 • (gwol) · 獗 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel) 獗
獰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ning⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : nraeng ferocious; hideous 獰 (eumhun 모질 녕 (mojil nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 모질 영 (mojil yeong)) hanja form of 녕/영 (“ferocious; hideous”) 獰
獷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwangX • Middle-Chinese : kwaengX 獷 • (gwang) · 獷 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang) Hán-Nôm : quánh 獷
獺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuah • Middle-Chinese : that • Middle-Chinese : trhaet otter ‖ 獺(うそ) • (uso) otter ‖ an otter 獺 (eumhun 수달 달 (sudal dal)) hanja form of 달 (“otter”) Hán-Nôm : thát • Hán-Nôm : rái 獺
玀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ Used in 豬玀／猪猡 (zhūluó, “pig”). • Used in 猓玀／猓猡 (Guǒluó, “the Yi people”). 玀
玟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ (literary) veins in jade 玟 • (min) · 玟 • (min) (hangeul 민) 玟
玳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Middle-Chinese : dojH • Middle-Chinese : dowk Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào); also used as its short form. 玳 • (dae) · 玳 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay) canonical : 玳: Hán Việt readings: đại 玳: Nôm readings: đồi • canonical : đại chữ Hán form of đại (“only used in 玳瑁 (đại mội)”). • Nôm form of đồi (“tortoise shell”). 玳
珀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰraːɡ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paak³ • Middle-Chinese : phaek Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”). 珀 • (bak) · 珀 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak) Hán-Nôm : phách 珀
珊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan • Middle-Chinese : san coral • Used in compounds. coral 珊 (eum 산 (san)) Hán-Nôm : san 珊
珮 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phua̍h • Middle-Chinese : bwojH (historical) jade ornament worn as a pendant on the waist • Alternative form of 佩 (pèi, “to wear on the waist”) bauble; jewel 珮 (eum 패 (pae)) 珮
琊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 邪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : je⁴ Used in 瑯琊／琅琊 (Lángyá). (arch.) place in eastern Shandong 琊
琥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlaːʔ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 虎 (OC *qʰlaːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóo • Middle-Chinese : xuX Only used in 琥珀 (hǔpò, “amber”). jewelled tiger. 琥 • (ho) · 琥 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) Hán-Nôm : hổ 琥
琪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gi a beautiful jade; also connotes flourishing flowers and plants; a metaphor for precious things type of jade 琪 • (gi) · 琪 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) fine jade Hán-Nôm : kì 琪
琶 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pêe • Middle-Chinese : bae Only used in 琵琶. • a kind of method of playing pipa Lute 琶 • (pa) · 琶 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha) 琶
琺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat³ Used in 琺瑯／珐琅 (fàláng). • a surname 琺 • (beop) · 琺 • (beop) (hangeul 법, revised beop, McCune–Reischauer pŏp, Yale pep) 琺
琿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːn) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Middle-Chinese : hwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ Used in 璦琿／瑷珲 (Àihuī). • (literary) beautiful jade ‖ Used in a place name • (literary) beautiful jade jewel 琿 • (heun) · 琿 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun) beautiful jade, gem 琿
瑁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡs, *muːɡ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 冒 (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mawH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mwojH • Middle-Chinese : mowk jade used by Son of Heaven to be pieced together with feudal lords' ceremonical jade gui (圭) ‖ Only used in 玳瑁 (dàimào, dàimèi). jade used by emperor of China 瑁 • (mo, mae) · 瑁 • (mo, mae) (hangeul 모, 매, revised mo, mae, McCune–Reischauer mo, mae, Yale mo, may) 瑁
瑕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraː) : semantic 𤣩 + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Middle-Chinese : hae flaw; blemish ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka) ‖ 瑕(か) • (ka) ‖ blemish, flaw ‖ a flaw 瑕 • (ha) · 瑕 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha) Hán-Nôm : hà 瑕
瑚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : hu Used in 珊瑚 (shānhú) 瑚 (eumhun 산호 호 (sanho ho)) Hán-Nôm : hô • Hán-Nôm : hồ 瑚
瑛 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'jaeng (literary) luster of jade • (literary) beautiful jade; jade-like stone • Alternative form of 英 (yīng, “outstanding figure”) 瑛 (eum 영 (yeong)) Hán-Nôm : anh 瑛
瑜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lo) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : yu ^⁜ fine jade • ^⁜ luster of gems • Used in transcription of Sanskrit terms. • Used in personal names. 瑜 (eumhun 아름다운 옥 유 (areumdaun ok yu)) beautiful jade Hán-Nôm : du 瑜
瑣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : só • Middle-Chinese : swaX petty; trivial; insignificant • low; base • Original form of 鎖／锁 (suǒ, “chain; lock”). • chain-like pattern • ^‡ sound of jade; fragments of jade • a surname 瑣 • (swae) · 瑣 • (swae) (hangeul 쇄, revised swae, McCune–Reischauer swae, Yale sway) Hán-Nôm : tỏa • Hán-Nôm : toả 瑣
瑤 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu • Middle-Chinese : yew (literary) precious jade • (literary) fine; precious • (～族) Yao people beautiful (as a jewel) 瑤 • (yo) · 瑤 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) canonical : 瑤: Hán Việt readings: dao 瑤
瑩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs) : abbreviated phonetic 熒 (OC *ɡʷeːŋ) + semantic 玉 (“jade”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : hjwaeng • Middle-Chinese : 'engH lustrous and transparent • (literary) jade-like stone • (literary) luster of gems • (literary) to polish; to adorn clear 瑩 (eum 영 (yeong)) lustre of gems • bright, lustrous Hán-Nôm : oánh • Hán-Nôm : oành 瑩
瑪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːʔ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Middle-Chinese : maeX Used in 瑪瑙／玛瑙 (mǎnǎo). • a surname • Used in transcription. agate • onyx 瑪 • (ma) · 瑪 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma) Hán-Nôm : mã • Hán-Nôm : mẽ 瑪
瑯 Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːŋ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 郎 (OC *raːŋ) Hokkien · Tai-lo : long • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông precious stone 瑯 • (rang>nang) · 瑯 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang) Hán-Nôm : lang 瑯
璋 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyang a small jade ornament that can be hung at the waist or on other items such as fans, swords, or even lanterns • jade plaything 璋 • (jang) · 璋 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) 璋
璜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːŋ) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang (historical) semi-circular jade pendant used for ritual and ornamental purposes • Used in 璜璜. jade ornament semicircular in shape 璜 • (hwang) · 璜 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) a semicircular jade ornament used as a pendant 璜
璣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Middle-Chinese : kj+j imperfect pearl • (historical) an ancient astronomical instrument 璣 • (gi) · 璣 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) 璣
璦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯːds) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 愛 (OC *qɯːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi³ • Middle-Chinese : 'ojH fine quality jade 璦
瓊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeŋ) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 夐 (OC *qʰʷeːns, *qʰʷeŋs). ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 瓊 – see 璿. \ (This character is a variant form of 璿). \ Borrowed from English June. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông • Middle-Chinese : gjwieng ‖ (literary) fine jade (particularly red jade) • (literary) elegant; exquisite; beautiful • (abbreviation) Hainan • a surname ‖ A transliteration of the English female given name June 瓊 • (gyeong) · 瓊 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) Hán-Nôm : quỳnh • Hán-Nôm : quạnh • Hán-Nôm : quầng • Hán-Nôm : quýnh • Hán-Nôm : quành • Hán-Nôm : quềnh • Hán-Nôm : lương 瓊
瓏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : long • Middle-Chinese : luwng a kind of jade that is for requesting rain and has the figure of a Chinese dragon on it clarity • sound of jewels 瓏 • (rong>nong) · 瓏 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong) Hán-Nôm : lung • Hán-Nôm : long 瓏
瓠 ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : huH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ calabash gourd ‖ (obsolete) Used in 瓠蘆／瓠芦, alternative form of 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu, “bottle gourd; calabash”) • (obsolete) container made of a large old bottle gourd • (obsolete) Alternative form of 壺／壶 (hú, “jar; jog”) • (Taiwanese Hakka) bottle gourd; calabash ‖ (obsolete) Only used in 瓠落 (“vast; spacious; frustrated”). ‖ Only used in 瓠讘／瓠𰵹 (“a county during the Han dynasty”). gourd 瓠 • (ho) · 瓠 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) 瓠
甄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ken, *kin) : phonetic 垔 (OC *qin) + semantic 瓦. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsyin • Middle-Chinese : kjien to make pottery • potter's wheel • to examine; to distinguish; to select the best • a surname ‖ 甄(けん) • (ken) ‖ 甄(けん) • (Ken) ceramic, porcelain • distinction; to distinguish • clear, distinct ‖ porcelain, ceramic ‖ a surname 甄 • (gyeon, jin) · 甄 • (gyeon, jin) (hangeul 견, 진, revised gyeon, jin, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, chin, Yale kyen, cin) Hán-Nôm : chân • Hán-Nôm : nhân 甄
甌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo, “vessel”) + semantic 瓦 (“pottery”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) (reconstructed provisionally). Related to 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”) and possibly 甕 (OC *qoːŋs, “urn”). Compare Burmese အိုး (ui:, “pot”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cantonese · Jyutping : au¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw small bowl; small cup; small tray • Abbreviation of 溫州／温州 (Wēnzhōu): Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, in southeastern China) • a surname • (Penang Hokkien) cup • (Penang Hokkien) classifier for cups of drinks small jar • jug 甌 (eum 구 (gu)) bowl, cup • small tray Hán-Nôm : âu 甌
甕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːŋs) : phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan (Unger, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) provisionally. \ Within Chinese, compare 甌 (OC *qoː, “small bowl; small cup”), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), 罌 (OC *qreːŋ, “earthen jar”), 盎 (OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs, “earthen jar”), 癰 (OC *qoŋ, “carbuncle; ulcer”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). \ Also compare Tibetan གཞོང (gzhong, “basin; tub; bowl”), Lepcha ᰈᰨᰵᰕᰨ (joŋ-mo, “bucket, tub”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-loŋ² (“pot”) (Unger, 1999). Cantonese · Jyutping : ung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : àng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng • Middle-Chinese : 'uwngH urn; pottery jar • a surname ‖ 甕(かめ) • (kame) ‖ 甕(みか) • (mika) ‖ 甕(みかわ) • (mikawa) ‖ 甕(もたい) • (motai) ^(←もたひ (motafi)?) ‖ 甕(たしらか) • (tashiraka) jug, cistern ‖ earthenware pot ‖ large earthenware pot for brewing sake ‖ large earthenware pot for brewing sake ‖ earthenware vessel for sake, etc ‖ earthenware vessel used by the emperor to clean his hands 甕 • (ong) · 甕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong) Hán-Nôm : úng • Hán-Nôm : ống • Hán-Nôm : ổng 甕
甦 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : from 更生 (“to be reborn”). \ From *s- (“causative prefix”) + a root **ŋˤa, the latter found in 寤 (OC *ŋˤa-s, “to awake”), 悟 (OC *ŋˤa-s, “to awake; to realize”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014; Schuessler, 2007). \ Alternatively, Zhang, Jacques, and Lai (2019) compare it to Japhug sŋa (“to come to oneself”), Cogtse Situ [Term?] (kə-mə-sŋâr, “to feel cold”), Brag-bar Situ [Term?] (kə-mə-sŋiɛ̂r, “to come to oneself”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : soo • Middle-Chinese : su (literary) to revive; to resuscitate; to regain consciousness 甦 (eum 소 (so)) Hán-Nôm : tô 甦
甬 Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Pictogram (象形) – a bell. In the bronze inscription, the lower part evolved into 用 (OC *loŋs), which serves as a phonetic component. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX handle of a bell • path screened by walls on both sides • An ancient name for Ningbo, a city in Zhejiang province • The Yong River in Ningbo road with walls on both sides Hán-Nôm : dũng 甬
甭 From a northern dialectal pronunciation of 不用. ‖ Contraction of 毋通 (m̄-thang). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bung² ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mang ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : mài (dialectal Mandarin) Contraction of 不用 (“needn't”). • (Beijing Mandarin) Indicates a rhetorical question: could it be that...; is it possible that... ‖ (Hokkien) do not; don't; cannot ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 莫 (mài, “do not”) Hán-Nôm : bằng 甭
画 ‖ 画(が) • (ga) ‖ 画(が) • (-ga) ‖ 画(かく) • (kaku) ‖ 画(かく) • (kaku) ‖ 画(かく) • (-kaku) ‖ picture, drawing, painting • movie, film, video ‖ genre or style of painting ‖ delimiter, demarcation, stopping point • plan, strategy ‖ stroke (the individual lines and dots that comprise a kanji character) • a line in the divinatory trigrams of the I Ching: "—" (陽) and "- -" (陰) ‖ number of strokes in a kanji 画 (eumhun 그림 화 (geurim hwa)) ‖ 画 (eumhun 그을 획 (geueul hoek)) Alternative form of 畫 ‖ Alternative form of 畫 画
畚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phún • Middle-Chinese : pwonX bamboo or wicker scoop; basket • dustpan • (dialectal) to scoop up with a dustpan 畚 • (bun) · 畚 • (bun) (hangeul 분, revised bun, McCune–Reischauer pun, Yale pun) 畚
畦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeː) : semantic 田 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : hwej (obsolete) A unit of surface area, equal to 25 or 50 mu (畝／亩 (mǔ)) • ridge-bordered rectangular section of land in a field • (obsolete) to divide a field into sections and cultivate rice paddy ridge • furrow • rib 畦 • (hyu) · 畦 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu) sections in vegetable farm 畦
畿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯl) : semantic 田 + abbreviated phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gj+j imperial domain; area near the capital capital, suburbs of capital 畿 (eumhun 경기 기 (gyeonggi gi)) hanja form of 기 (“area near the capital”) canonical : 畿: Hán Việt readings: kì • canonical : kỳ 畿: Nôm readings: kì • canonical : kỳ imperial domain; area near the capital 畿
疇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *du) : semantic 田 (“field”) + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus). \ ; “who” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw (agriculture) field; farmland; arable land • (agriculture, specifically) hemp field • (agriculture) division in a field between different types of crops • (agriculture) to hill up; to earth up • to make equal • kind; class; category • Alternative form of 籌／筹 (chóu, “to calculate; to plan”) • Alternative form of 酬 (chóu, “to repay; to thank”) • who • Meaningless particle. • (～國) Chou (an ancient state in modern Henan) • a surname companion, mate, colleague 疇 (eumhun 밭이랑 주 (bachirang ju)) hanja form of 주 (“furrow”) 疇
疊 畾 + 宜 – a pile. \ Originally as 曡, with 晶 (jīng) on top. Shuowen commented that the shape change was promoted by emperor of the short-lived Xin Dynasty, who deemed the use of three "suns" (日) in this character too empowering - compared to three "fields" (田). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/l-t(y)ap (“fold, layer, pile up, repeat”). Cognate with 褶 (“lined dress”), Tibetan ལྟབ (ltab, “to fold, gather up, to lay or put together”), ལྡེབ (ldeb, “to bend round or back, to turn round, to double down”), ལྡབ (ldab, “to fold up, repeat, do again”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tha̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍p • Middle-Chinese : dep to fold; to fold up • to fold over in layers; to pile up; to be piled up • to repeat; to duplicate; to be repetitious • Classifier for piles/layers. • (Southern Min) to add; to increase (over the existing foundation) • Alternative form of 㲲 (dié) • a surname: Die ‖ ‖ 疊 • (cheop) · 疊 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep) canonical : 疊: Hán Việt readings: điệp 疊: Nôm readings: điệp • canonical : đệp • canonical : xếp chữ Hán form of điệp (“fold in layers”). 疊
疋 Pictogram (象形) – a foot 止 with a leg/thigh on top. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : srjo • Middle-Chinese : srjoX foot ‖ 疋(ひき) • (-hiki) counter for horses, mules, and small animals • counter for rolls of cloth • a measure of cloth • foot (rare) ‖ Alternative form of 匹: counter for smaller animals 疋 • (pil, so) · 疋 • (pil, so) (hangeul 필, 소, revised pil, so, McCune–Reischauer p'il, so, Yale phil, so) roll, bolt of cloth • foot Hán-Nôm : sất • Hán-Nôm : thất • Hán-Nôm : sơ 疋
疝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːn, *sraːns) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sàn • Middle-Chinese : srean • Middle-Chinese : sraenH (pathology) hernia 疝 • (san) · 疝 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) Hán-Nôm : sán 疝
疥 Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Middle-Chinese : keajH scabies scabby eruption 疥 • (gae) · 疥 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay) scabies, itch 疥
疳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kam (traditional Chinese medicine) infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinal parasites ‖ 疳(かん) • (kan) ‖ (traditional Chinese medicine) infantile neurosis where there is nocturnal crying as well as convulsions • Alternative spelling of 癇 (kan): nerves, temper • Short for 疳疾 (kanshitsu): 疳 • (gam) · 疳 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam) childhood diseases 疳
疵 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzje illness • defect • calamity • censure • black spot; naevus 疵 • (ja) · 疵 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca) 疵
疽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰa) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjo (traditional Chinese medicine) ulcer; carbuncle; abscess 疽 • (jeo) · 疽 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) 疽
痔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯʔ) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs) Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Middle-Chinese : driX hemorrhoid ‖ 痔(じ) • (ji) ^(←ぢ (di)?) illness in the anal region ‖ (pathology) hemorrhoids, piles 痔 • (chi) · 痔 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) Hán-Nôm : trĩ 痔
痙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kǐng • Middle-Chinese : gjiengX convulsions, fits have a cramp 痙 • (gyeong) · 痙 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) canonical : 痙: Hán Việt readings: kính 痙
痞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prɯʔ, *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 否 (OC *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ). \ "Protuberance"? > "enlargement of an abdominal organ; pain due to splenomegaly" > "[dialectal] abdominal tumour". ‖ "Bad" > "obscene; ferocious; rascal". Its use is most prominent in dialects of Hubei and Hunan, and possibly originates from the ancient dialectal pronunciation of 匪 (“bad, evil, bandit”), same as Min Nan 歹 (phái(ⁿ), “bad”). \ It may be the origin of some uses of 皮 (pí), for example 調皮 (“naughty”), 賴皮 (“shameless”) and 頑皮 (“naughty”). \ The Cantonese pronunciation is probably due to confusion with 踎 (mau1, “to squat”), as this word is not native to Cantonese. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phí • Middle-Chinese : pijX • Middle-Chinese : bijX • Middle-Chinese : pjuwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau¹ enlargement or lump in the abdomen; in particular, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly • (traditional Chinese medicine) stuffiness, fullness and discomfort in the epigastrium; dyspepsia or constipation • (dialectal Mandarin) abdominal tumour • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) scab; healed wound • (Southern Min) scurf; flakes on the skin surface ‖ rascal; scoundrel • (dialectal) to act perversely; to behave like a hoodlum • (dialectal) to act shamelessly; to violate rules • (dialectal) frivolous; slippery • (dialectal) obscene; indecent; vulgar • (dialectal) ferocious; fierce • (dialectal) bad; evil 痞 • (bi) · 痞 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) 痞
痣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯs) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 志 (OC *tjɯs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Middle-Chinese : tsyiH colored spot on skin; mole; nevus • a surname ‖ 痣(あざ) • (aza) birthmark, nevus • bruise ‖ bruise, birthmark 痣 • (ji) · 痣 • (ji) (hangeul 지) 痣
痱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì • Middle-Chinese : bj+j • Middle-Chinese : bwojX • Middle-Chinese : bj+jH prickly heat 痱
痺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pe) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Japhug ndʑɯrpɯt (“to be numb”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pjie paralysis; numbness • (Cantonese) numb; paralysed 痺 • (bi) · 痺 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : tê • Hán-Nôm : tí • Hán-Nôm : tý paralysis; numbness 痺
痿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uí • Middle-Chinese : 'jwe • Middle-Chinese : nywe (traditional Chinese medicine) to be lacking in sexual energies 痿 • (wi) · 痿 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi) 痿
瘀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qas) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 於 (OC *qaː, *qa). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu³ • Middle-Chinese : 'joH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu² bruise • bruised ‖ (Cantonese) embarrassing 瘀 • (eo) · 瘀 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e) 瘀
瘁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzwijH overworked; tired; exhausted • troubled; distressed • haggard; weak 瘁 • (chwi) · 瘁 • (chwi) (hangeul 취, revised chwi, McCune–Reischauer ch'wi, Yale chwi) 瘁
瘉 瘉 • (yu) · 瘉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) 瘉
瘋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plum) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong to go crazy; to become insane; to go mad • to play wilfully; to engage in wild play • mentally unstable; crazy; insane; mad • overgrown Crazy • Fast • Wild 瘋 • (pung) · 瘋 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung) Hán-Nôm : phong • Hán-Nôm : phung 瘋
瘓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tqʰʷaːnʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns). Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huàn • Middle-Chinese : thwanX Only used in 癱瘓／瘫痪 (tānhuàn). 瘓
瘠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zeɡ) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 脊 (OC *ʔseɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzjek barren lean, thin • barren, sterile 瘠 • (cheok) · 瘠 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : tích 瘠
瘡 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong • Middle-Chinese : tsrhjang wound; cut • sore; skin ulcer; boil ‖ 瘡(かさ) • (kasa) sore ‖ sore 瘡 • (chang) · 瘡 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang) 瘡
瘧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋawɢ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ). \ Perhaps related to 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ, “to oppress, to coerce, to be violent”). \ Compare Thai งก ๆ (ngók-ngók, “shivering, shaking (due to fever or fear)”), Thai หงก ๆ (ngòk-ngòk, “shivering (as from ague)”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄩㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngjak (medicine) ague; malaria; intermittent fever and shivering • Alternative form of 虐 (nüè, “abuse; to be abused”) (pathology) malaria 瘧 • (hak) · 瘧 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak) 瘧
瘴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋs) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Middle-Chinese : tsyangH miasma; noxious vapours arising from a swamp Miasma, toxic air or gasses. 瘴 • (jang) · 瘴 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Hán-Nôm : chướng 瘴
癆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːw, *raːw, *raːws) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws). \ From 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws, “to toil”) (Wang, 1982). ‖ Possibly related to 療 (OC *rews, “to cure”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare ancient Chu dialect 瘌 (OC *raːd, “to be poisoned by medication”). Cognate to Mizo ru (“bark, roots, leaves or fruit which can be used to poison fish”), Jingpho mə-rau (“fishing by stupefying fish by poisonous vines”), Burmese ရိုး (rui:, “fish poison”) (Starostin). Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : lawH (traditional Chinese medicine) internal injury caused by overstraining • tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis • (Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Gan) to have an upset stomach because of the lack of fats in one's diet; to crave meat • (Xiang, of plants) to wither (in the sun) • (Xiang, of a person) to be dispirited; depressed ‖ (ancient Northern Yan and Joseon region) to be poisoned (by medication) • (Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Xiang, transitive) to poison • painful 癆 • (ro>no) · 癆 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no) Hán-Nôm : lao 癆
癒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 愈 (OC *loʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ to heal; to get well; to recover healing 癒 • (yu) · 癒 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) canonical : 癒: Hán Việt readings: dũ 癒: Nôm readings: dũ • canonical : dú • canonical : rũ chữ Hán form of dũ (“recover”). 癒
癘 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ljejH epidemic; plague • sore; ulcer contagious disease • leprosy 癘 • (ryeo>yeo) · 癘 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) 癘
癢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋʔ) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 養 (OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, though the exact etymon is unclear. Compare Tibetan གཡའ (g.ya', “to itch”), Jingpho kaya (“to itch”), Burmese ယား (ya:, “to itch”), Japhug rɤʑa (“to itch”) (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2017; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ja (“to itch”). Also compare Lepcha ᰚᰭ (yak, “to itch”) (Schuessler, 2007), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sak (“to itch”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiūnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiǔnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiōnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiāunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iáng • Middle-Chinese : yangX itchy; ticklish • itching to do something itchy 癢 • (yang) · 癢 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) Hán-Nôm : dưỡng • Hán-Nôm : ngứa 癢
癥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯŋ) : semantic 疒 (“disease”) + phonetic 徵 (OC *tɯʔ, *tɯŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting • Middle-Chinese : tring (traditional Chinese medicine) lump in the abdomen • (traditional Chinese medicine) abdominal tumor; bowel obstruction 癥 • (jing) · 癥 • (jing) (hangeul 징, revised jing, McCune–Reischauer ching, Yale cing) Hán-Nôm : trưng • Hán-Nôm : chứng 癥
癩 Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laat⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thái • Middle-Chinese : lajH • Middle-Chinese : lat leprosy • (regional) favus, especially of the scalp • coarse; uneven; rough ‖ 癩(らい) • (rai) leprosy ‖ (dated, derogatory) leprosy 癩 • (ra>na) · 癩 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na) hanja form of 나 (“leprosy”) Hán-Nôm : lại • Hán-Nôm : cùi • Hán-Nôm : lầy 癩
癬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *senʔ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 鮮 (OC *sen, *senʔ, *sens). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuánn • Middle-Chinese : sjenX (dermatology, pathology) ringworm; tinea １．Ringworm 癬 • (seon) · 癬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen) 癬
癮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯn) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 隱 (OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ín ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : giàn addiction; craving (Classifier: 鋪／铺 c) • (dialectal) to like (doing something) • (dialectal) to crave; to be addicted to ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min) addiction; craving • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to like (doing something) • (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to crave; to be addicted to • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to have a tendency to; to easily do something • (Taiwanese Hokkien) stupid; foolish • (Taiwanese Hokkien, often in the negative) willing • (Taiwanese Hokkien) skinny; lean 癮 (eum 은 (eun)) Hán-Nôm : ẩn 癮
癱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns). Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : than • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuann paralysis; palsy; numbness 癱 • (tan) · 癱 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than) Hán-Nôm : than 癱
癲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 顛 (OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Middle-Chinese : ten crazy; nuts; mad • (Cantonese) to be mad; to display insane behavior to collapse due to a mental disorder or a nervous disorder • epilepsy 癲 • (jeon) · 癲 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 癲
皈 Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Originally 𦤇, which is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 自 (“self”) + 反 (“to return; to move back”). Later 自 was corrupted into 白. Alternative form of 帰 chữ Hán form of quy (“refuge”). 皈
皎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Middle-Chinese : kewX white • bright, brilliant • clear 皎 (eum 교 (gyo)) Hán-Nôm : kiểu 皎
皚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːl) : semantic 白 (“white”) + phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khái • Middle-Chinese : ngoj pure white; snow white white 皚 • (ae) · 皚 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ya) Hán-Nôm : ngai 皚
皰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phā • Middle-Chinese : phaewH • Middle-Chinese : baewH blister; bleb • pimple; acne • eyelid Hán-Nôm : bào 皰
皴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshwin to be chapped • (Mandarin, colloquial) grime on one's skin ‖ 皴(しわ) • (shiwa) ‖ wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface • ripples on the surface of water • a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries 皴 • (jun) · 皴 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun) 皴
皺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrus) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 皮. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : tsrjuwH wrinkle; crease; fold • to wrinkle; to crease ‖ 皺(さび) • (sabi) ‖ 皺(しぼ) • (shibo) ‖ 皺(しわ) • (shiwa) ‖ a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries ‖ a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries • a pattern of puckers and bulges in a cloth, caused by the warp and woof of the material • a similar pattern of puckers and bulges formed on the surface of paper or leather ‖ wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface • ripples on the surface of water • a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries 皺 • (chu) · 皺 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu) Hán-Nôm : trứu • Hán-Nôm : nhíu • Hán-Nôm : sô 皺
盂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷa) : phonetic 于 (OC *ɢʷa) + semantic 皿 (“dish; vessel”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : û • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo • Middle-Chinese : hju broad-mouthed receptacle for holding liquids and foods • (historical) name of a hunting formation • (～縣) Yu County, Yuxian (a county of Yangquan, Shanxi, China) • a surname ‖ bowl (container for foods and liquids) • Used in transliteration of Sanskrit terms. ‖ 盂 • (u) · 盂 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu) canonical : 盂: Hán Việt readings: vu 盂: Nôm readings: vu • canonical : vò chữ Hán form of vu (“cup”). • Nôm form of vò (“jar”). 盂
盃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plɯː) : phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 皿. 盃 • (bae) · 盃 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay) canonical : 盃: Hán Việt readings: bôi 盃: Nôm readings: bôi • canonical : bui • canonical : bùi • canonical : vôi • canonical : vội • canonical : vui • canonical : vùi Alternative form of 杯 (“chữ Hán form of bôi (“cup”).”) 盃
盍 Original form of 蓋. Pictogram (象形) , a container and its lid. \ From the fusion of 何不 (OC *ɡaːl pɯ, “why not”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍p • Middle-Chinese : hap (Classical) why; how • (Classical) why not • Used in 盍簪. • Used in 盍旦. • Original form of 蓋／盖 (gài, “to cover”). • a surname come together • congregate • meet • cover 盍 • (hap) · 盍 • (hap) (hangeul 합) Hán-Nôm : hạp • Hán-Nôm : khạp 盍
盎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs) : phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ) + semantic 皿 (“dish; vessel”) ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : òng • Middle-Chinese : 'angX • Middle-Chinese : 'angH ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : on¹ (historical) an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • brimming; overflowing ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 罌／罂 (“bottle”) ‖ Used in transcription. • (Cantonese) Short for 盎士 (on¹ si⁶⁻²), alternative form of 安士 (on¹ si⁶⁻², “ounce”). cup • pot • bowl • abundant 盎 • (ang) · 盎 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang) 동이: an earthen vessel with a big belly and a small mouth • spill over 盎
盗 Simplified from 盜 (㳄 → 次) steal, rob 盗
盞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːnʔ) : phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn) + semantic 皿 (“vessel”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsán • Middle-Chinese : tsreanX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan² small cup or container • Classifier for lamps, lanterns, or cups of drink. ‖ (of lifestyle or enjoyment) enjoyable • will only 盞 • (jan) · 盞 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can) romanization : trản • romanization : chén small cup 盞
盥 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𦥑 (“pair of hands”) + 水 (“water”) + 皿 (“vessel”) – hands holding water from a vessel. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fun² • Middle-Chinese : kwanX • Middle-Chinese : kwanH to wash (the hands or face) • washbasin ‖ 盥(たらい) • (tarai) ^(←たらひ (tarafi)?) ‖ tub, basin 盥 • (gwan) · 盥 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan) 盥
盧 Originally a pictogram (象形) – an oven. 虍 and 皿 were added in the bronze inscriptions, and the oven pictogram came to be written 田, making the current form a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·raː) : phonetic 虍 (OC *qʰaː) + semantic 田 (“pictogram of an oven”) + semantic 皿 (“vessel”). This sense (“oven”) is now represented by the character 爐／炉 (lú). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : lu a surname • (obsolete) rice bowl • (obsolete) black • (Taiwan slang) sloppy • Short for 盧森堡／卢森堡 (Lúsēnbǎo). 盧 (eumhun 밥그릇 로 (bapgeureut ro), word-initial (South Korea) 밥그릇 노 (bapgeureut no)) Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lờ • Hán-Nôm : lừ • Hán-Nôm : lô • Hán-Nôm : lơ • Hán-Nôm : lợ • Hán-Nôm : lu • Hán-Nôm : lũ • Hán-Nôm : lứa 盧
盪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng • Middle-Chinese : thang • Middle-Chinese : dangX • Middle-Chinese : thangH to toss; to swing; to rock; to sway; to wave • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse • to cleanse; to wash away; to rinse · (Mainland China Hokkien) to wash by shaking the water stored in a container (to remove dirt) • to root out; to wipe out; to clear away; to sweep off • to loaf about • (Hakka) to slap with the palm of the hand 盪 • (tang) · 盪 • (tang) (hangeul 탕, revised tang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, Yale thang) Hán-Nôm : đãng 盪
眩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn). \ Related to 熒 (OC wêŋ). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîn • Middle-Chinese : hwen • Middle-Chinese : hwenH dizzy; giddy; vertiginous • (literary) puzzled; bewildered • Alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”) 眩 • (hyeon, hwan) · 眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan) 眩
眸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mu) : semantic 目 + phonetic 牟 (OC *mu). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : mjuw (anatomy) pupil (of the eye) • (by extension) eye the pupil of an eye • the iris of an eye • eye 眸 • (mo) · 眸 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo) 眸
眾 Pictogram (象形) : a sun (日) above three humans (㐺) – people gathered or working under the sun. \ The top, originally 日 (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of 目) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles 罒. \ The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of 人 and 亻, with variation depending on font. \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (“thousand”) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, “thousand”), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, “thousand”), Drung tu (“thousand”), Nuosu ꄙ (dur, “thousand”). \ Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, “in all, at all times, ever before”) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, “all, whole”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Middle-Chinese : tsyuwngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyuwng masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone • everything; all matters • all the government officials • soldier; army; troops • slave labour in agriculture • (Buddhism) number of monks • many; numerous • majority • various; different • general; common • 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥) • a surname ‖ glutinous millet Alternative form of 衆 眾 • (jung) · 眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung) Hán-Nôm : chúng 眾
睏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 困 (OC *kʰuːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khùn sleepy; tired • (dialectal) to sleep to sleep; be sleepy, drowsy • to die Hán-Nôm : khốn 睏
睜 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing Used in 眳睜／眳睁. ‖ to open one's eye to open one's eye • to stare 睜 • (jeong) · 睜 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng) pupil Hán-Nôm : tĩnh • Hán-Nôm : tranh • Hán-Nôm : tránh 睜
睞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːs) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāi • Middle-Chinese : lojH (literary or Hakka) to glance at; to look sideways at; to squint at 睞
睥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phè • Middle-Chinese : phejH Used in 睥睨 (pìnì). 睥 • (bi) · 睥 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) 睥
睨 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gio̍h • Middle-Chinese : ngejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gîrn (literary) to look askance at; to glance at from the side • (archaic) to look at; to watch ‖ (Hokkien) to glare to glare at, to scowl at • authority, power • to stare 睨 • (ye) · 睨 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey) 睨
睽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷiːl) : semantic 䀠 (“two eyes”) + phonetic 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ). The 䀠 (jù) (two eyes) component later became a 目 (mù) (eye) component. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khwej opposed; contrary; separated • to separate; to part • to stare; only used in 睽睽 (kuíkuí) and 睽睢. • 38th hexagram of the I Ching staring 睽 (eum 규 (gyu)) squint, strabismus • stare Hán-Nôm : khóe • Hán-Nôm : khoé • Hán-Nôm : khuê 睽
睿 Simplified from 叡, see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juē • Middle-Chinese : ywejH shrewd; astute; clever; keen; farsighted • emperor • Confucius 睿 • (ye) · 睿 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey) Hán-Nôm : duệ 睿
瞇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 目 + phonetic 迷 (OC *miː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mi to squint; to narrow one's eyes • (colloquial) to take a nap • (Zhongshan Min Cantonese and Min) to sleep • (Southern Min) to look furtively • (Teochew) to close one's eyes Hán-Nôm : mị 瞇
瞌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːb) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb). Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kheh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khereh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khap ^⁜ sleepy • (Cantonese) to doze • (Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) to close (one's eyes) • (Leizhou Min, Hainanese) to sleep 瞌
瞑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 冥 (OC *meːŋ, “dark”) – to close one's eyes. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mêe • Middle-Chinese : meng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁶ • Middle-Chinese : menH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : men to close one's eyes • (literary, of eyesight) dim ‖ Only used in 暝眩. ‖ Alternative form of 眠 (“to sleep; to nap”) to close one's eyes; to pass away • dim; dark • blind person 瞑 • (myeong, myeon) · 瞑 • (myeong, myeon) (hangeul 명, 면, revised myeong, myeon, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, myŏn, Yale myeng, myen) Hán-Nôm : manh 瞑
瞞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 㒼 (, “to cover something carefully and tightly without a break”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ • Middle-Chinese : man to deceive; to lie; to conceal • eyes half-closed deception 瞞 • (man) · 瞞 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man) deceive • lie • eyes half-closed Hán-Nôm : man 瞞
瞟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiáu • Middle-Chinese : phjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiewX 瞟
瞠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtʰaːŋ) : semantic 目 + phonetic 堂 (OC *daːŋ). \ Also occurs in Thai ถลึง (tlʉ̌ng, “to stare fiercely”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thenn • Middle-Chinese : trhaeng to stare at; to gaze at; to glare at stare intently 瞠 • (dang, cheong) · 瞠 • (dang, cheong) (hangeul 당, 청, revised dang, cheong, McCune–Reischauer tang, ch'ŏng, Yale tang, cheng) look at • stare at • gaze at Hán-Nôm : xanh 瞠
瞥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰed, *pʰeːd) : phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed) + semantic 目 (“eye”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄝ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiat • Middle-Chinese : phet • Middle-Chinese : phjiet to shoot a glance at 瞥 (eumhun 깜짝할 별 (kkamjjakhal byeol)) hanja form of 별 (“shoot a glance at”) 瞥 (miết) 瞥
瞰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàm • Middle-Chinese : khamH 瞰 • (gam) · 瞰 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam) to watch • to overlook, look down 瞰
瞽 From 鼓 (OC *kʷaːʔ, “drum”) (Schuessler, 2007), as musicians were blind in ancient times. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX blind • undiscerning ‖ ‖ 瞽 • (go) · 瞽 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) Hán-Nôm : cổ 瞽
瞿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa) : phonetic 䀠 (, “eyes”) + semantic 隹 (“bird”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa) : phonetic 䀠 (, “eyes”) + semantic 隹 (“bird”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Middle-Chinese : kjuH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khî • Middle-Chinese : gju (literary) shocked; scared; panic-stricken ‖ (historical) halberd-like weapon • Used in 瞿麥／瞿麦. • a surname 瞿 • (gu) · 瞿 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) Hán-Nôm : cò • Hán-Nôm : cù • Hán-Nôm : cồ 瞿
矇 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : muwng to cheat; to deceive; to dupe • to make a wild guess ‖ (literary) blind • Used in 矇矓／蒙眬 (ménglóng). 矇 • (mong) · 矇 • (mong) (hangeul 몽, revised mong, McCune–Reischauer mong, Yale mong) 矇
矓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông 矓
矚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyowk to gaze at; to stare at look intently 矚 • (chok) · 矚 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok) watch carefully • stare at • focus on 矚
矜 Corrupted from 矝, which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic 矛 (“spear”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part 今 (jīn). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khim • Middle-Chinese : king ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gin • Middle-Chinese : gj+n ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for ‖ handle of a spear ‖ Alternative form of 鰥／鳏 (guān, “old man with no wife”) • Alternative form of 瘝 (guān, “to be ill”) pride • respect 矜 • (geung, geun) · 矜 • (geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, 근, revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun) pity • feel sorry for • show sympathy for 矜
矽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 夕 (xī). \ From English silicon. Coined by Chinese scientist Xu Shou in 1871. The term is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) "selenium" and 錫／锡 (xī) "tin". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k (chemistry, chiefly Taiwan and Hong Kong, dated in Mainland China) silicon 矽 • (seok) · 矽 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek) canonical : 矽: Hán Việt readings: tịch 矽
砝 ; Etymology 1 \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 + abbreviated phonetic 法. \ ; Etymologies 2 and 3 \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːb, *kab) : semantic 石 + phonetic 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Middle-Chinese : kjaep ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Middle-Chinese : kap Used in 砝碼／砝码 (fǎmǎ). ‖ (obsolete, rare) hard ‖ (obsolete, rare) the sound of rocks 砝
砥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : té • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Middle-Chinese : tsyij • Middle-Chinese : tsyeX • Middle-Chinese : tsyijX (literary) fine-grained whetstone • to grind; to polish • to temper oneself; to steel oneself • smooth; level; even 砥 • (ji) · 砥 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci) 砥
砧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'ɯm) : semantic 石 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tim • Middle-Chinese : trim base for beating or chopping · stone base for beating clothes • base for beating or chopping · anvil • base for beating or chopping · base for cutting or lethal sentence • base in general • (Hakka) to hold one's hands in closed fists and to strike with phalanx 砧 • (chim) · 砧 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim) Hán-Nôm : châm 砧
砭 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pian • Middle-Chinese : pjem • Middle-Chinese : pjemH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ (traditional Chinese medicine) stone needle used in acupuncture • (traditional Chinese medicine) to stab with such a needle • to pierce • to treat; to cure • to counsel; advise • (literary) providing constructive criticisms and suggestions ‖ (dialectal) mountain slope; hillside stone probe • pierce • counsel 砭 • (pyeom) · 砭 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem) stone needle Hán-Nôm : biếm 砭
砲 ‖ 砲(ほう) • (hō) ^(←はう (fau)?) ‖ 砲(ほう) • (-hō) ^(←はう (fau)?) cannon, artillery ‖ gun, firearm • (by extension) Alternative spelling of 大砲 (“cannon, artillery”) ‖ gun • cannon, artillery • ordnance 砲 (eumhun 대포 포 (daepo po)) hanja form of 포 (“cannon”) Hán-Nôm : pháo 砲
硃 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsyu cinnabar • ink made from cinnabar • red • a surname cinnabar 硃 • (ju) · 硃 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu) cinnabar 硃
硯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiān • Middle-Chinese : ngenH inkstone inkstone 硯 • (yeon) · 硯 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen) Hán-Nôm : nghiền • Hán-Nôm : nghiên • Hán-Nôm : nghiễn • Hán-Nôm : nghẽn • Hán-Nôm : khố 硯
硼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 朋. \ Originally only used in 硼砂 (“borax”): first attested in 《丹方鑑源》 (Tang dynasty), as 大朋砂. The 硼 here is a loanword; compare Middle Persian bwlk' (bōrag). \ The “boron” sense of 硼 is a clipping or back-formation. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang¹ (chemistry) boron ‖ (onomatopoeia) a loud sound • Alternative form of 蹦 (bèng, “to jump”) • Alternative form of 碰 (pèng, “to bump; to touch”) boron 硼 • (bung, pyeong) · 硼 • (bung, pyeong) (hangeul 붕, 평) 硼
碉 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau room made of stone • pillbox; blockhouse 碉 (điêu) 碉
碩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djaɡ) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 頁. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t • Middle-Chinese : dzyek large; big • great; eminent • beautiful; fine • firm; stable • Short for 碩士／硕士 (shuòshì, “master's degree”). • a surname large • great • eminent 碩 • (seok) · 碩 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek) 碩 (thạc, thượt) 碩
碼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːʔ) : semantic 石 (“stone; rock”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Before Qing dynasty, the character was used in word 碼瑙／码瑙 (Yupian) and 碼頭／码头 (mǎtou) (Stories to Awaken the World), both originally written with 馬／马 (mǎ). \ ; “gambling chip”, “chip for counting” (> “number”), “classifier for things” \ ; “yard” \ ; “kilometer per hour” \ ; “pixelization” \ ; “to reply to a post for reading it later” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā • Middle-Chinese : maeX Used in 碼瑙／码瑙. • digit; number; code • (of shoes) number of size • (Cantonese, of clothing in general) size • yard (unit of length) • (Cantonese) Classifier for hours (of work). • (computing) code • code, encoding of a Chinese character into the Latin alphabet • Classifier for things, matter. • (colloquial) to pile up • (nonstandard) kilometer per hour • (Mainland China, neologism) pixelization • (Mainland China, neologism) to reply to a post for reading it later • (Mainland China, neologism) to type a document 碼 • (ma) · 碼 • (ma) (hangeul 마) Hán-Nôm : mã 碼
磋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlaːl) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsha • Middle-Chinese : tshwaH (literal) to polish • ^⁜ (figurative) to deliberate 磋 • (cha) · 磋 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha) Hán-Nôm : tha 磋
磐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːn) : phonetic 般 (OC *praːn, *paːn, *baːn) + semantic 石 (“stone”). \ ; “large rock” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuân • Middle-Chinese : ban large rock; boulder • stable; firm • Alternative form of 盤／盘 (pán, “to linger; to not move away”) rock 磐 • (ban) · 磐 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan) Hán-Nôm : bàn 磐
磚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjon) : semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 專 (OC *tjon). Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuan • Middle-Chinese : tsywen brick (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • tile; paving • (computing slang, figurative) brick (an electronic device, especially a heavy box-shaped one, that has become non-functional or obsolete) brick 磚 • (jeon) · 磚 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : chuyên • Hán-Nôm : gạch 磚
磬 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 殸 + 石 (“stone”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³ • Middle-Chinese : khengH stone chimes; sounding stone; qing • (Buddhism) inverted bell (a Buddhist percussion instrument) upside-V-shaped gong 磬 (eum 경 (gyeong)) Hán-Nôm : khánh 磬
磯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j (obsolete, of waves) to pound against rocks • (obsolete, figurative) to enrage; to offend • rock jutting out of the water at the shore; rocky beach seashore; rocky beach • rock; pebble 磯 • (gi) · 磯 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : ki • Hán-Nôm : cơ 磯
磴 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tongH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄥ (literary) stone steps on ledge, cliff, or hill • (literary) stone bridge with steps • stone bench; stone stool • Classifier for steps or rungs. ‖ to kick ‖ to increase; to grow 磴 • (deung) · 磴 • (deung) (hangeul 등, revised deung, McCune–Reischauer tŭng, Yale tung) 磴
磺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 (“rock; stone”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : n̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn ^⁜ (chemistry) sulfur, brimstone • (chemistry) sulfonyl sulfur 磺 • (gwang) · 磺 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang) 磺
礙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːs) : semantic 石 + phonetic 疑 (OC *ŋɯ). \ Uncertain, possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔgak, Tibetan འགག ('gag, “obstruction, stoppage”), བཀག (bkag, “blockage, barricade, barrier”), དགག (dgag, “block, inhibit, obstruct”) & འགེགས་པ ('gegs pa, “hinder, thwart, obstruct”) (Bodman, 1980), as Tibeto-Burman voice stops sometimes correspond to Chinese nasal initials (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gāi • Middle-Chinese : ngojH to obstruct; to hinder; to block; to deter • obstruction; hindrance obstruction 礙 • (ae) · 礙 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay) Hán-Nôm : ngại • Hán-Nôm : ngái 礙
礦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷraːŋʔ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ). Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòng • Middle-Chinese : kwaengX mineral deposit • ore • mine • a surname: Kuang Alternative form of 鉱: mineral 礦 • (gwang, hwang) · 礦 • (gwang, hwang) (hangeul 광, 황, revised gwang, hwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, hwang, Yale kwang, hwang) mineral, ore Hán-Nôm : khoáng • Hán-Nôm : quáng • Hán-Nôm : khoắng 礦
礪 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lè whetstone • to whet; to sharpen ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 鑢／𮣶 (“to rub; file (tool); to file”) 礪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 礪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) 礪
礫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ) \ From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak. Cognate with Drung ɑ³¹ pɹɑʔ⁵⁵ luŋ⁵⁵ (“rock”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ gravel; pebbles; potsherds ‖ Only used in 卓礫／卓砾. ‖ ^‡ Appearance of white stones/rocks. ‖ 礫(れき) • (reki) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (tsubute) ‖ 礫(つぶて) • (Tsubute) ‖ 礫(たぶて) • (tabute) ‖ 礫(こいし) • (koishi) ‖ 礫(たびいし) • (tabiishi) pebble, stone ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing • gravel ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ a place name ‖ (obsolete) a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing ‖ Alternative spelling of 小石 (koishi): a small stone or pebble ‖ a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing 礫 (eumhun 조약돌 력 (joyakdol ryeok), word-initial (South Korea) 조약돌 역 (joyakdol yeok)) hanja form of 력/역 (“pebble”) 礫
礬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ban) : phonetic 樊 (OC *ban) + semantic 石 (“stone”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon alum 礬 • (ban) · 礬 • (ban) (hangeul 반) Hán-Nôm : phàn • Hán-Nôm : phèn 礬
礼 Based on an ancient form of 禮 recorded in Shuowen as . In regular script, the earliest record can be traced back to the Tang dynasty orthographical dictionary Ganlu Zishu 《干祿字書》. \ In modern form: Simplified from 禮 (示 → 礻 and 豊 → 乚). ‖ 礼(れい) • (rei) manners; etiquette ‖ a bow, the gesture of bending at the waist • an expression of thanks or gratitude 礼 (eum 례 (rye), word-initial (South Korea) 예 (ye)) Alternative form of 禮 canonical : 礼: Hán Việt readings: lễ 礼: Nôm readings: lạy • canonical : lẫy • canonical : lấy • canonical : trễ • canonical : lẻ • canonical : lãi • canonical : lễ • canonical : rẻ • canonical : trẻ • canonical : rẽ • canonical : lẩy • canonical : lệ • canonical : lưỡi • canonical : lẽ • canonical : lởi • canonical : lỡi • canonical : trẩy • canonical : lể Alternative form of 禮 礼
祁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡril, *kljilʔ) : phonetic 示 (OC *ɡle, *ɢljils) + semantic 邑 (“place”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡril, *kljilʔ) : phonetic 示 (OC *ɡle, *ɢljils) + semantic 邑 (“place”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsyijX great • (～縣) Qi County (a county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China) • Short for 祁門／祁门 (Qímén). • Short for 祁陽／祁阳 (Qíyáng). • ^‡ numerous; ample; abundant • a surname ‖ 祁 • (gi) · 祁 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) canonical : 祁: Hán Việt readings: kì • canonical : kỳ 祁: Nôm readings: kì • canonical : kỳ chữ Hán form of Kì (“a surname”). 祁
祆 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰliːn) : semantic 礻 + phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn, “heaven”). \ Cognate with 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian • Middle-Chinese : xen Ahura Mazda, god of the Zoroastrians 祆
祇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡe) : semantic 示 + phonetic 氏 (OC *skeŋ, *kje, *ɡjeʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjie earth spirit • big • to feel relieved; to be at ease • this 祇 • (gi, ji) · 祇 • (gi, ji) (hangeul 기, 지, revised gi, ji, McCune–Reischauer ki, chi, Yale ki, ci) canonical : 祇: Hán Việt readings: chi • canonical : chỉ • canonical : kì • canonical : kỳ 祇: Nôm readings: chỉ 祇
祐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯs) : semantic 礻 (“spirit”) + phonetic 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs). \ Exoactive of 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs, “right (side)”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : hjuwH (of divinity) to assist; to bless; to protect • Alternative form of 佑 (yòu, “to assist”) • a surname ‖ 祐(ゆう) • (Yū) ^(←いう (iu)?) ‖ 祐(ひろし) • (Hiroshi) divine help, divine protection ‖ a surname • a male or female given name ‖ a male given name 祐 • (u) · 祐 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu) Hán-Nôm : hựu • Hán-Nôm : hữu 祐
祗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjil) : semantic 示 + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi • Middle-Chinese : tsyij (literary) to respect; to look up to; to revere to respect; to look up to • earnestly; just 祗 (eumhun 공경(恭敬)할 지 (gonggyeonghal ji)) 祗
祚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo • Middle-Chinese : dzuH 祚 • (jo) · 祚 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co) Hán-Nôm : tộ 祚
祺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ, *ɡɯ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gi auspicious; propitious • good luck; felicity 祺 • (gi) · 祺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : kì 祺
禅 ‖ 禅(ぜん) • (zen) ‖ 禅(ぜん) • (Zen) Chinese emperor sacrifice ceremony • Chinese emperor abdicating the throne • meditative concentration • dhyana, Zen Buddhism ‖ (Buddhism) dhyana-samadhi: • (Buddhism) the disciplines and doctrine of Zen Buddhism • Short for 座禅 (zazen): a sitting position in a Zen meditation ‖ (Buddhism) Short for 禅宗 (Zenshū): Zen Buddhism • a surname 禅 • (seon) · 禅 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen) Zen 禅
禎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Middle-Chinese : trjeng lucky; auspicious • good omen (さいわい) divine grace • (さいわい) auspicious • (ただしい) straight, unwarped 禎 • (jeong) · 禎 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) 禎
禦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Middle-Chinese : ngjoX to defend, to resist, to hold out against 禦 (eum 어 (eo)) Hán-Nôm : ngữ • Hán-Nôm : ngừa • Hán-Nôm : ngự 禦
禧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰlɯ, *qʰlɯʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xi favourable luck; good fortune; auspiciousness; blessings 禧 • (hui) · 禧 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy) 禧
禱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tóo • Middle-Chinese : tawX • Middle-Chinese : tawH to pray pray • entreat • beg • plead • prayer 禱 • (do) · 禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to) to pray 禱
禿 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 毛 (“hair”) + 儿 (“person”). 毛 later corrupted into 禾. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuh • Middle-Chinese : thuwk (of a person's scalp) having little or no hair; bald • (of a mountain, vegetation, etc.) bare; barren; stripped • (of a tool) blunt • (of a work) unfinished; unsatisfactory • (Quanzhou Hokkien) slick and sly, hard to deal with (especially due to age) • (Shanghainese) all, everything ‖ 禿(はげ) • (hage) ‖ 禿(かむろ) • (kamuro) ‖ 禿(かぶろ) • (kaburo) ‖ 禿(とく) • (toku) ‖ 禿(はげ) • (Hage) ‖ baldness • treelessness ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bobbed hair • baldness • young girl attendant of a high-class prostitute ‖ bald ‖ (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) SoftBank (telecommunications company based in Japan) • (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory, sometimes offensive) Masayoshi Son 禿 • (dok) · 禿 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok) Bald 禿
秘 In current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mpriɡs) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). \ Variant (俗字) of 祕 via 示 → 禾. \ Read mì instead of bì in Mandarin as a result of conflation with 密 (mì) (c.f. 秘密 (mìmì)) (Fu, 1958). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pijH secret; undisclosed; confidential • mysterious; abstruse • rare; scarce; extraordinary • to keep as a secret • to block • Short for 秘書／秘书 (mìshū, “secretary”). • Short for 秘魯／秘鲁 (Bìlǔ, “Peru”). • a surname secret; confidential 秘 • (bi) · 秘 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : bí 秘
秣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mat feed • fodder 秣 • (mal) · 秣 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal) Hán-Nôm : mạt 秣
称 Simplified from 穪 (爾 → 尔), where 穪 is corrupted from 稱. It was found in various moveable type copies of classical novels. First attested in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930 that records unorthodox forms (俗字 (súzì)) that have existed since the Song dynasty. \ Adopted as an official simplified character by the People's Republic of China in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme. ‖ 称(しょう) • (shō) appellation • praise ‖ name; reputation 称 • (ching) · 称 • (ching) (hangeul 칭, revised ching, McCune–Reischauer ch'ing, Yale ching) Hán-Nôm : xưng • Hán-Nôm : hấng • Hán-Nôm : xứng 称
稅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suè • Middle-Chinese : sywejH tax; revenue; duty • (Hakka, Southern Min) to rent • (informal, slang, often passive) to tax • a surname: Shui tax 稅 (eumhun 세금 세 (segeum se)) hanja form of 세 (“tax”) Hán-Nôm : thuế 稅
稈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuáinn • Middle-Chinese : kanX stalk (of grain); straw ‖ 稈(かん) • (kan) dried up stalk • straw ‖ (botany) culm 稈 (eum 간 (gan)) Hán-Nôm : cán 稈
稔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯːm) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms). \ ; “year” ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nam⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nyimX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ year • (of crops, grains) to ripen; ripe; mature; fully-grown • Classifier for number of crops grown in a year: crop; harvest • to accumulate in the course of time; to collect; to pile up • to be familiar with; to know • usually; normally • beautiful • Alternative form of 飪／饪 (rèn, “to steam (till cooked)”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 棯 (nim1, “rose myrtle”) ‖ 稔(みのる) • (Minoru) ‖ a male given name 稔 • (im, yeom) · 稔 • (im, yeom) (hangeul 임, 염, revised im, yeom, McCune–Reischauer im, yŏm, Yale im, yem) Hán-Nôm : nhẫm • Hán-Nôm : nậm • Hán-Nôm : nẫm 稔
稜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːŋ) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 夌 (OC *rɯŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līng • Middle-Chinese : long arris; edge; corner • corrugation; ridge on an object • prestige; might angle • edge 稜 • (reung>neung) · 稜 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung) 稜
稟 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㐭 (“granary”) + 禾 (“grain”) meaning "to gift grain". ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㐭 (“granary”) + 禾 (“grain”) meaning "to gift grain". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pín • Hokkien · Tai-lo : píng • Middle-Chinese : pimX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁵ to bestow; to endow • to receive • to report (to one's superior) ‖ Alternative form of 廩／廪 (“granary; barn”) • Alternative form of 懍／懔 (lǐn, “to fear; to venerate”) receive • report, petition 稟 • (pum, reum) · 稟 • (pum, reum) (hangeul 품, 름, revised pum, reum, McCune–Reischauer p'um, rŭm, Yale phum, rum) Hán-Nôm : bẩm • Hán-Nôm : bám • Hán-Nôm : bặm • Hán-Nôm : bẳm • Hán-Nôm : bấm • Hán-Nôm : bụm • Hán-Nôm : lắm 稟
稷 Sagart (2008: 134-136) considers it a cognate of Proto-Austronesian *bəCəŋ (“foxtail millet”) as part of the hypothetical Sino-Tibetan-Austronesian language family. Blust (2013: 713), however, finds this comparison unconvincing because of the apparently arbitrary and phonetically unjustified fluctuation between Old Chinese *-k and Proto-Austronesian *-ŋ. \ Cognates of this word are found in a handful of Tibeto-Burman languages, such as Drung tɕɑʔ⁵⁵ (“millet”) and Lhokpu cək (“Setaria italica”) (Sagart, 2008). This etymon should be kept separated from 饎 (OC *kʰljɯs), 芑 (OC *kʰɯʔ) and 穄 (OC *ʔsleds). The first two may belong to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *khrəj (“millet”), while the last one may be related to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *tsap (“millet”), along with Burmese ဆပ် (hcap, “Setaria italica”) and Nuosu ꏹ (jyp, “millet”) (Schuessler, 2007: 299). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Middle-Chinese : tsik foxtail millet (Setaria italica) • God of cereals • † minister of agriculture ‖ 稷(きび) or 稷(キビ) • (kibi) ‖ Alternative form of 黍 稷 • (jik) · 稷 • (jik) (hangeul 직, revised jik, McCune–Reischauer chik, Yale cik) Hán-Nôm : tắc 稷
穆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *muɡ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 㣎 () – standing grain. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bo̍k • Middle-Chinese : mjuwk standing grain • (historical) the right side position of tablets in ancestral shrines • (figurative) right side • reverent; respectful • magnificent and beautiful; majestic • solemn; solemnly silent • calm; mild; gentle • harmonious; peaceful • pure; honest • profound and lasting; far-reaching • Short for 穆罕默德 (Mùhǎnmòdé, “Muhammad”). • Short for 穆斯林 (mùsīlín, “Muslim”). • a surname 穆 • (mok) · 穆 • (mok) (hangeul 목, revised mok, McCune–Reischauer mok, Yale mok) Hán-Nôm : mục 穆
穌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋaː) : phonetic 魚 (OC *ŋa) + semantic 禾. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ • Middle-Chinese : su Alternative form of 蘇／苏 (sū, “perilla; tassel”) • Alternative form of 甦／苏 (sū, “revive; resuscitate; regain consciousness”) • Used in transcription. Rare spelling of 蘇: revive, rise again • collect 穌 • (so) · 穌 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) Hán-Nôm : tô • Hán-Nôm : to 穌
穎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷeŋʔ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 頃 (OC *kʰʷeŋ, *kʰʷeŋʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wing⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : íng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ínn • Middle-Chinese : ywengX ear of grain • tip • clever; gifted ‖ heads of grain • cleverness ‖ 穎 • (yeong) · 穎 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng) Hán-Nôm : dĩnh • Hán-Nôm : dánh • Hán-Nôm : dính • Hán-Nôm : nhảnh • Hán-Nôm : giảnh 穎
穡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯɡ) : semantic 禾 (“cereal; grain”) + phonetic 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ). Specialization of 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ). \ Probably related to 采 (OC *s.r̥ˤəʔ, “to pluck”) (Baxter, 1992; Sagart, 1999; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). See there for more. \ Schuessler (2007) compares it to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-šak (“to pluck; to pick (a fruit, etc.)”), as well as Khmer ច្រូត (crout, “to reap; to harvest”). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : srik to harvest; to reap • harvest; crops • to plant crops; to cultivate; to work on a farm • ear of grain • (literary or Hokkien) farming; farm labour • (Hokkien) work; labour (in general) • to link together; to connect; to hook together ‖ Alternative form of 嗇／啬 (sè, “to cherish; to not waste”) ‖ Alternative form of 㱇 (“anxious; distressed; sorrowful”) harvest 穡 • (saek) · 穡 • (saek) (hangeul 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek, Yale sayk) farm, harvest grain • stingy Hán-Nôm : sắc 穡
穢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷads) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 歲 (OC *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : èr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè • Middle-Chinese : 'jwojH dirty; filthy; unclean • immoral; obscene • (dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting • (Southern Min) to infect (a person) • (obsolete) overgrown with weeds 穢 • (ye) · 穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey) Hán-Nôm : uế 穢
穩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Middle-Chinese : 'wonX stable; firm; steady • steady; reliable • to make stable; to stabilize; to calm • sure; certain • (slang, neologism) excellent; amazing; fantastic Kyūjitai form of 穏: calm, quiet; moderation 穩 (eumhun 편안할 온 (pyeonanhal on)) hanja form of 온 (“peaceful”) Hán-Nôm : ổn • Hán-Nôm : ủn • Hán-Nôm : ón • Hán-Nôm : ỏn • Hán-Nôm : ỉn 穩
穹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷɯŋ) : semantic 穴 + phonetic 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Middle-Chinese : khjuwng (literary) elevated and arched • (literary) sky • (literary) deep • (literary) high and vast • to fill up; to exhaust high arching vault • sky 穹 (eumhun 하늘 궁 (haneul gung)) (literary) hanja form of 궁 (“sky; heaven”) • (literary) hanja form of 궁 (“arched”) canonical : 穹: Hán Việt readings: khung • canonical : khum 穹: Nôm readings: khum • canonical : khung • canonical : cùng chữ Hán form of khung (“sky”). • Nôm form of khung (“border; frame”). • Nôm form of khum (“curved; convex”). 穹
窃 to steal • secret, private 窃
窈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 幼 (OC *qrɯws). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : 'ewX (literary) profound; far-reaching • (literary) dim; gloomy 窈 (eum 요 (yo)) 窈
窓 ‖ 窓(まど) • (mado) ‖ 窓(まど) • (Mado) ‖ window • (regional, dialect, Etchū region) a deep gap in a mountain ridge (so called for the way the wind blows through, like a window) • マド: (investing) on a candlestick chart, a gap in day-to-day candlesticking caused by a marked increase or decrease in the price of a security, derivative, currency, or other investment ‖ (Internet slang, dated) Windows (an operating system) 窓 (eumhun 창문 창 (changmun chang)) hanja form of 창 (“window”) Hán-Nôm : song 窓
窕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːwʔ) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ). \ Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : diu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiáu • Middle-Chinese : dewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠ Used in 窈窕 (yǎotiǎo). • to bore, to perforate • gap; unfilled space • unfilled • false; superficial • small ‖ Alternative form of 姚 (yáo) ‖ Alternative form of 佻 窕 • (jo) · 窕 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co) 窕
窠 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Middle-Chinese : khwa bird's nest in cave; nest • (literary) simple dwelling • (literary) empty space; pit; hole • Alternative form of 棵 (“classifier for plants”) nest • hole • indentation • den 窠 (eum 과 (gwa)) nest • hole • indentation • den 窠
窩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qloːl) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo nest • nest · thing or place resembling a nest • cave; den • (figurative) hiding place • depression; pit; dimple; socket • to bend • to be choked (with emotion) • to hide something; to cause something to not be found • to lay idle • (colloquial) to stay (in a place) • Classifier for litter; brood. • (Internet slang) Eye dialect spelling of 我 (wǒ, “I; me”). cave • pouch 窩 • (wa) · 窩 • (wa) (hangeul 와) a dugout hut • nest • cave Hán-Nôm : oa 窩
窪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua • Middle-Chinese : 'wae hollow; low-lying; sunken • depression; low-lying area • to sink depression • cave in • sink • become hollow 窪 (eum 와 (wa)) canonical : 窪: Hán Việt readings: oa chữ Hán form of oa (“hollow; pit; depression; swamp”). 窪
窺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khjwie to peep 窺 • (gyu) · 窺 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) Hán-Nôm : khuy 窺
竄 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鼠 (“mouse”) + 穴 (“hole”) – to hide in a hole. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tshwanH • Middle-Chinese : tshwan (now derogatory) to flee; to go in exile • (literary) to exile; to banish • (literary) to hide • (literary, or in compounds) to revise; to edit • (neologism, officialese, derogatory) Short for 竄訪／窜访 (cuànfǎng) • a surname: Cuan escape, run away • encroach • alter a document 竄 • (chan) · 竄 • (chan) (hangeul 찬) Hán-Nôm : thoán 竄
竅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰleːwɢs) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ). \ Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ချောက် (hkyauk, “chasm, gulf”); alternative or additionally, 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) is k-prefixed nominal derivation of 窕 (OC *l'eːwʔ) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰleːwɢs) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ). \ Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ချောက် (hkyauk, “chasm, gulf”); alternative or additionally, 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) is k-prefixed nominal derivation of 窕 (OC *l'eːwʔ) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu • Middle-Chinese : khewH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò hole, aperture • idea; knack; key (to a problem) ‖ (Hokkien) magic; sorcery 竅 • (gyu) · 竅 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) 竅
竇 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : duwH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³ hole; burrow • (anatomy) cavity; sinus • a surname ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) nest; den • (Cantonese, Hakka, colloquial) home • (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, colloquial) hideout 竇 (eum 두 (du)) Hán-Nôm : đậu 竇
竺 Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ) : phonetic 𥫗 (OC *tuɡ) + semantic 二 ― thick. ‖ Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ) : phonetic 𥫗 (OC *tuɡ) + semantic 二 ― thick. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tuwk • Middle-Chinese : towk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiok • Middle-Chinese : trjuwk Original form of 篤／笃 (dǔ, “thick; sincere; serious”). • Alternative form of 毒 (“to loathe; to detest”) • (historical) An ancient placename. ‖ (obsolete) bamboo • Short for 天竺 (Tiānzhú, “India”). • (by extension) relating to India or Buddhism; Buddhist • Name of a mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. • (historical, music) Name of an ancient musical instrument. • a surname, commonly adopted by early Buddhist monks. ‖ 竺(あつし) • (Atsushi) bamboo • hearty, sincere, warm, thick • used in an ancient name of India ‖ a male given name 竺 • (chuk, dok) · 竺 • (chuk, dok) (hangeul 축, 독, revised chuk, dok, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, tok, Yale chwuk, tok) canonical : 竺: Hán Việt readings: trúc • canonical : đốc 竺: Nôm readings: trúc chữ Hán form of Trúc (“former short name of India (天竺, Thiên Trúc), a surname”). • Alternative form of 篤 (“chữ Hán form of đốc (“honest”).”) 竺
竽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hju (historical) the yu, a wind instrument used in ancient China ‖ 竽(う) • (u) ‖ a woodwind instrument introduced to Japan from China during the Nara period, similar to a 笙 (shō, “a kind of free-reed woodwind instrument”), but larger and one octave lower in pitch 竽 (eumhun 피리 우 (piri u)) flute • chief Hán-Nôm : vu 竽
笆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praː, *braːʔ) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g/s-pʷa (“bamboo”) (STEDT). Cognate with Mizo rua (“bamboo”), Tibetan སྤ (spa, “cane; bamboo”), Burmese ဝါး (wa:, “bamboo”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa • Middle-Chinese : pae • Middle-Chinese : baeX bamboo fence 笆 (eum 파 (pa)) Hán-Nôm : ba 笆
笞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhi whip used for corporal punishment whip 笞 • (tae) · 笞 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay) whip 笞
笠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rɯb) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb). \ Compare Proto-Tai *klɤpᴰ (“bamboo hat”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : le̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lerē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍p • Middle-Chinese : lip ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lap¹ Asian conical hat ‖ (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua, Leizhou Min) basket (made from interwoven bamboo strips) • (Cantonese, Leizhou Min) to cover (with); to slip on • (Cantonese) to flatter; to fool ‖ 笠(かさ) • (kasa) Asian conical hat ‖ Asian conical hat 笠 (eumhun 삿갓 립 (satgat rip), word-initial (South Korea) 삿갓 입 (satgat ip)) Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lợp • Hán-Nôm : lép • Hán-Nôm : liếp • Hán-Nôm : lụp • Hán-Nôm : rạp • Hán-Nôm : lẹp • Hán-Nôm : lớp • Hán-Nôm : nập • Hán-Nôm : rập • Hán-Nôm : sập • Hán-Nôm : sệp • Hán-Nôm : sụp • Hán-Nôm : tấp 笠
筍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰʷinʔ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin). ‖ From 順／顺 (seon6, “smooth; successful”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sún • Middle-Chinese : swinX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : seon² bamboo shoot • (literary, or in compounds) tender; young • ^† Alternative form of 簨 (sǔn, “horizontal beam on which bells hang”) ‖ (Cantonese, slang) very good; worth it; inexpensive; less costly than its actual value bamboo shoot 筍 • (sun) · 筍 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) sprout, shoot Hán-Nôm : duẫn • Hán-Nôm : sũn • Hán-Nôm : hũn 筍
筠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷin) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 均 (OC *kʷin). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ (literary) skin of bamboo • (literary) bamboo ‖ (historical) Jun prefecture 筠 • (gyun) · 筠 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun) 筠
筵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lan) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 延 (OC *lan, *lans). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : yen (obsolete or in compounds) banquet; feast • (obsolete) bamboo mat • (obsolete) seat ‖ 筵(むしろ) • (mushiro) ‖ 筵(もしろ) • (moshiro) ‖ 筵(えん) • (en) ‖ a generic term for a woven mat made out of soft rush, bamboo, straw, or cattail • a seat; also used in public environments • a bed • (regional, Nagasaki, Kumamoto) a tatami mat ‖ (dialectal, Tōhoku, Ishikawa, Izumo) Nonstandard form of むしろ (mushiro) above ‖ a woven mat • a seat; also used in public environments 筵 • (yeon) · 筵 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen) Hán-Nôm : diên 筵
箏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : tsreang zither ‖ 箏(こと) • (koto) ‖ 箏(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(そう) • (Sō) ^(←さう (sau)?) ‖ 箏(しょう) • (shō) ^(←しやう (syau)?) ‖ koto: a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng • (colloquial) guzheng: a Chinese zither where the koto was based on ‖ a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither) ‖ a surname ‖ (possibly obsolete) a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither), where the koto was based on 箏 • (jaeng) · 箏 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng) canonical : 箏: Hán Việt readings: tranh 箏: Nôm readings: giành • canonical : tranh zither (e.g., đàn tranh) 箏
箔 From 薄 (bó). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍h • Middle-Chinese : bak foil; tinsel • foil paper burnt as offerings to the dead • screen made of reeds or sorghum stalks • bamboo tray for raising silkworms ‖ 箔(はく) • (haku) ‖ foil, leaf 箔 • (bak) · 箔 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak) romanization : bạc 箔
箝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡram) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 拑 (OC *ɡram) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjem insert • fit into • attach (a clog thong) 箝 • (gyeom) · 箝 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem) tweezers • pliers • tongs • pincers 箝
箴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjɯm) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm) – a bamboo needle, probe. \ Same word as 針 (OC *kjum). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tserm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsom • Middle-Chinese : tsyim to admonish; to warn • Alternative form of 針／针 (zhēn, “needle; probe”) 箴 • (jam) · 箴 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam) Hán-Nôm : châm • Hán-Nôm : giăm • Hán-Nôm : dăm • Hán-Nôm : giằm 箴
篁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang (literary) bamboo forest; bamboo grove • (literary) bamboo ‖ 篁(たかむら) • (Takamura) bamboo grove ‖ a surname 篁 • (hwang) · 篁 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) bamboo grove 篁
篆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuǎn • Middle-Chinese : drjwenX seal script • seal, official stamp ‖ 篆(てん) • (ten) seal script ‖ seal script 篆 • (jeon) · 篆 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : triện • Hán-Nôm : chệnh • Hán-Nôm : chệ • Hán-Nôm : triển 篆
篙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːw) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ko • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : kaw bamboo pole used for punting boats • a surname pole used for punting boats 篙 • (go) · 篙 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) a punting pole • (boat) oar 篙
篩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sai¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai • Middle-Chinese : srij sieve; strainer; sifter • to sift; to strain • (dated) to pour (a drink) • (dated) to warm up (an alcoholic beverage) • (colloquial) to strike (a gong) • (literary) to rain 篩 • (sa) · 篩 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa) 篩
篾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːd) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + abbreviated phonetic 蔑 (OC *meːd, *meːd). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mit⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍h • Middle-Chinese : met bamboo strips, splints or slats • strips of reed or plant stalks (especially sorghum stalk) • made using strips of bamboo, reed or stalk 篾 • (myeol) · 篾 • (myeol) (hangeul 멸, revised myeol, McCune–Reischauer myŏl, Yale myel) 篾 (miệt, miết, giá, vạt) 篾
簍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *roːʔ, *roʔ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lió • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luw • Middle-Chinese : ljuX • Middle-Chinese : luwX (bamboo) basket • Classifier for things in a basket. 簍
簞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daan¹ • Middle-Chinese : tan a bamboo utensil for holding cooked rice; a basket small bamboo basket for holding 簞 (eumhun 대광주리 단 (daegwangjuri dan)) a bamboo basket 簞
簣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰruːds, *ɡruds) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 貴 (OC *kluds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH • Middle-Chinese : khweajH bamboo basket for carrying earth Hán-Nôm : gùi 簣
簪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsim • Middle-Chinese : tsrim • Middle-Chinese : tsom hairpin; clasp • to wear in one's hair ‖ 簪(かんざし) • (kanzashi) ornamental hairpin ‖ a hairpin, particularly a fancy decorative hairpin used in Japanese women's hairstyles 簪 • (jam) · 簪 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam) Hán-Nôm : trâm • Hán-Nôm : trám • Hán-Nôm : trắm 簪
簫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯːw) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sew (music) xiao, a vertical, notched, end-blown bamboo flute used since ancient times in Chinese traditional and classical music • (music, historical) paixiao; panpipes • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min) transverse flute • a surname: Xiao ‖ 簫(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?) ‖ xiao, a vertically blown Chinese flute 簫 • (so) · 簫 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) Hán-Nôm : tiêu • Hán-Nôm : tiu 簫
簷 簷 • (cheom) · 簷 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem) 簷
簽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *skʰlam) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam to sign; to endorse • slip of paper • Alternative form of 籤／签 (qiān) label, signature 簽 • (cheom) · 簽 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem) Hán-Nôm : thiêm • Hán-Nôm : kiểm • Hán-Nôm : tiêm • Hán-Nôm : xâm 簽
簾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rem) : semantic 竹 + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : ljem hanging screen; curtain; blind 簾 (eumhun 발 렴 (bal ryeom), word-initial (South Korea) 발 염 (bal yeom)) hanja form of 렴/염 (“blind; curtain”) Hán-Nôm : liêm 簾
籃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːm) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâm • Middle-Chinese : lam basket • (sports) ring; basket (in basketball) • (sports) basketball (sport) • Classifier for baskets. 籃 • (ram>nam) · 籃 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam) Hán-Nôm : lam • Hán-Nôm : xờm • Hán-Nôm : làn • Hán-Nôm : xớm 籃
籌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *du) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : drjuw chip; tally; token • plan; stratagem; means • to plan; to prepare • to raise (money, funds, etc.) • (archaic) Classifier for persons. • (Cantonese) ticket for a queue 籌 • (ju) · 籌 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu) Hán-Nôm : trù 籌
籟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lajH ancient wind instrument made with bamboo pipes • Synonym of 簫／箫 (xiāo, “xiao”) • sound; noise rattling of the wind 籟 • (roe>noe) · 籟 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy) Hán-Nôm : lới • Hán-Nôm : lài 籟
籤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰem) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Middle-Chinese : tshjem inscribed bamboo slips used for divination or drawing lots; (in general) lot • slender pointed piece of wood • sticker; marker; label ‖ 籤(くじ) • (kuji) ‖ lottery 籤 (eumhun 제비 첨 (jebi cheom)) hanja form of 첨 (“lottery”) Hán-Nôm : thiêm • Hán-Nôm : tiêm 籤
籬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rel) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : lje fence made of bamboo or branches • Used in 笊籬／笊篱 (zhàoli, “strainer”). • (Cantonese) sieve; spider skimmer ‖ 籬(かき) • (kaki) · 籬(まがき) • (magaki) · 籬(ませ) • (mase) ‖ Alternative form of 垣 • roughly woven fence • a short fence • a divider in theaters 籬 (eum 리 (ri), word-initial (South Korea) 이 (i)) Hán-Nôm : li 籬
籮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl). \ Compare Mizo hrai (“basket for measuring rice”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luâ • Middle-Chinese : la bamboo basket 籮
籲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *los) : phonetic 籥 (OC *lowɢ) + semantic 頁 (“head”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : yuH to appeal; to plead; to call to appeal or plead 籲 (eum 유 (yu)) Hán-Nôm : dụ • Hán-Nôm : hu 籲
粘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nem) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems) – glutinous, sticky rice. Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Middle-Chinese : nrjem to adhere; to stick • a surname sticky, glutinous • to stick to, to cling to • to persevere 粘 (eumhun 붙을 점 (buteul jeom)) hanja form of 점 (“sticky”) Hán-Nôm : niêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm • Hán-Nôm : dính 粘
粧 cosmetics 粧 • (jang) · 粧 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Hán-Nôm : chang • Hán-Nôm : trang 粧
粳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kaeng non-glutinous rice 粳 • (gaeng) · 粳 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng) Hán-Nôm : canh 粳
粵 A specialization of 雩 (OC *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla) by modification of 雨 (Chi, 2010). \ Shuowen interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宷 + 亏. \ Related to 越 (OC *ɢʷad, “Yue; Viet”). See there for more. ‖ Related to the particles 曰 (OC *ɢʷad) and 越 (OC *ɢʷad). Smith (2012) proposes this to be derived from the prepositional phrase *于之 (OC *ɢʷa tjɯ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Middle-Chinese : hjwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwot ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hjwot (historical) Yue people; Baiyue people • Guangdong • Guangdong and Guangxi • Short for 粵語／粤语 (yuèyǔ, “Cantonese”). • (informal, punning) Alternative form of 越 (“more”), usually in reference to the Cantonese language. ‖ A particle. · Used in the beginning of a clause to express a prudent tone. • A particle. · Used in the middle of a clause. ‖ generous; favourable 粵 (eumhun 말이 내킬 월 (mari naekil wol)) Hán-Nôm : việt 粵
粹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suì • Middle-Chinese : swijH pure; unadulterated • essence 粹 • (su) · 粹 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 粹
粽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːŋs) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). \ First attested in Fengsu Tongyi (195). Bencao Gangmu claimed it was derived from 棕 (zōng, “palm tree”) due to similar shapes of zongzi and palm tree leaves. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng • Middle-Chinese : tsuwngH zongzi (dumpling made of glutinous rice, wrapped in leaves) (Classifier: 隻／只 c) ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (chimaki) ‖ 粽(ちまき) • (Chimaki) rice dumplings steamed in bamboo leaves ‖ a rice cake or dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves • zongzi • (Buddhism, architecture) Short for 粽形 (chimaki-gata): a Zen-style pillar with rounded edges on the top and bottom parts ‖ a surname 粽 • (jong) · 粽 • (jong) (hangeul 종, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong) Hán-Nôm : tông • Hán-Nôm : tống 粽
糜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mral) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 米 (“rice”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mje ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bêr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai • Middle-Chinese : mje ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ mushy; rotten • to waste; to spend extravagantly • to damage • a surname ‖ (literary or Hakka, Southern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Shehua) congee • (Fuzhou Eastern Eastern Min) thick congee (with less water than 粥) • (Hainanese) cooked rice (general term, including congee) • (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) meal • congee-like substance; viscous substance; paste ‖ proso millet (especially non-sticky varieties) • type of millet that is not sticky See also: 穄子 糜 • (mi) · 糜 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi) Hán-Nôm : mi 糜
糞 Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu). \ Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾. \ The current glyph is from the small seal script. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”). Cantonese · Jyutping : fan³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn • Middle-Chinese : pjunH excrement; faeces; dung • manure • (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (kuso-) ‖ 糞(くそ) • (-kuso) ‖ 糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) ‖ 糞(ばば) • (baba) ‖ (colloquial) feces, excrement • (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash ‖ (often vulgar) shit, crap ‖ (derogatory) pejorative prefix ‖ crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix. ‖ droppings, dung ‖ (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie • (childish) something unclean 糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun)) hanja form of 분 (“dung”) Hán-Nôm : phẩn • Hán-Nôm : phân 糞
糢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ Alternative form of 饃／馍 (mó) 糢 • (mo) · 糢 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo) 糢
糸 Pictogram (象形) : a skein of silk. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mek thin silk • A length unit, equal to the width of five parallel threads of silk. ‖ 糸(いと) • (ito) ‖ thread 糸 (eumhun 가는 실 멱 (ganeun sil myeok)) 糸
紂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duʔ) : semantic 糹 + abbreviated phonetic 肘 (OC *tkuʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjuwX King Zhou of the Shang dynasty • (archaic) crupper (part of a saddle or carriage attachment) 紂 (eum 주 (ju)) 紂
紇 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hot • Middle-Chinese : het inferior silk • tassel • fringe 紇 (eum 흘 (heul)) to bind, tie • inferior silk 紇
紉 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lín • Middle-Chinese : nrin to string; to thread (needles) • to sew; to stitch • (literary) to esteem highly 紉
紐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niú • Middle-Chinese : nrjuwX button (Classifier: 粒 c) • handle; knob • pivot; hub • a surname • transliteration for "New" in place names; e.g. 紐約／纽约 (Niǔyuē), 紐西蘭／纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán). 紐 • (nyu>yu) · 紐 • (nyu>yu) (hangeul 뉴>유, revised nyu>yu, McCune–Reischauer nyu>yu, Yale nyu>yu) 紐
紕 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pai¹ • Middle-Chinese : phjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjie ‖ 紕 • (bi) · 紕 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) 紕
紗 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sa • Hokkien · Tai-lo : se • Hokkien · Tai-lo : see • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua • Middle-Chinese : srae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ yarn • gauze; sheer • muslin (a lightweight cotton cloth in a plain weave; or thin fabric made of silk or linen) ‖ Alternative form of 眇 (miǎo, “small; tiny; minute”) ‖ 紗(うすぎぬ) • (usuginu) silk gauze • gossamer ‖ Alternative spelling of 薄絹 (“sheer silk”) 紗 • (sa) · 紗 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa) 紗
紜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢun) : semantic 糸 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjun numerous and disorderly disorder • confusion 紜 • (un) · 紜 • (un) (hangeul 운) 紜
紮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːd) : phonetic 札 (OC *sqriːd) + semantic 糸. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːd) : phonetic 札 (OC *sqriːd) + semantic 糸. Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat • Middle-Chinese : tsreat ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat to tie; to bind • (regional) Classifier for objects put into a bundle: bundle • (Mainland China Hokkien) to raise; to lift up (curtain, clothing, etc.) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to guide and support (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to wrap up; to bind up; to pack • (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to carry; to bring along (on one's person, originally on one's waist) ‖ (military) to be stationed; to be quartered (of troops) • (Cantonese) to be promoted (in rank or position) 紮 (eum 찰 (chal)) 紮
紼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fat¹ • Middle-Chinese : pjut large rope (for pulling a coffin) • Alternative form of 紱／绂 (fú) large rope • rope attached to bier 紼 (eum 불 (bul)) 동아줄 (dong'ajul, “rope”) 紼
絀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Middle-Chinese : trwit insufficient • deep red • sew; stitch • Alternative form of 黜 (chù, “to dismiss”) sew • stitch • insufficient 絀 • (chul) · 絀 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul) decline, refuse • sew 絀
絆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːns) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns). Cantonese · Jyutping : bun⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bun³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puànn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puǎnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puānn • Middle-Chinese : panH fetter; shackle • to fetter; to shackle • to trip; to stumble • to hinder; to restrain • (figuratively) trap • (Eastern Min) to be annoying ‖ 絆(きずな) or 絆(キズナ) • (kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(きずな) • (Kizuna) ^(←きづな (kiduna)?) ‖ 絆(ほだし) • (hodashi) ‖ 絆(ふもだし) • (fumodashi) ties, bonds • fetters ‖ a bond (emotional link or connection), tie • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter ‖ a female given name ‖ what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; an obstacle to freedom • a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away • fetters, shackles ‖ a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter 絆 (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban)) hanja form of 반 (“bond”) 絆
絢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiàn • Middle-Chinese : xwenH brilliant; gorgeous; effulgent • to shine • to embellish; to adorn • to dazzle 絢 • (hyeon) · 絢 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, revised hyeon, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, Yale hyen) 絢
絨 ; “ronto-” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiông • Middle-Chinese : nyuwng silk, cotton, or woolen fabric • velvet • (Taiwan) ronto- (SI unit prefix) wool cloth 絨 • (yung) · 絨 • (yung) (hangeul 융, revised yung, McCune–Reischauer yung, Yale yung) 絨
綁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : páng to bind; to tie; to fasten 綁
綏 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *snul) : semantic 糹 (“silk”) + phonetic 妥 (OC *n̥ʰoːlʔ, “to comfort”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sui • Middle-Chinese : swij (literary) cord held when mounting a carriage • (literary) to pacify; to placate • (historical) Short for 綏遠／绥远 (Suíyuǎn, “Suiyuan province”). 綏 • (yu, su) · 綏 • (yu, su) (hangeul 유, 수, revised yu, su, McCune–Reischauer yu, su, Yale yu, swu) Hán-Nôm : tuy • Hán-Nôm : nối 綏
綑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːnʔ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 困 (OC *kʰuːns). 綑
綜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsowngH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : tsowngH to put together; to assemble; to gather • to synthesize; to sum up • to manage; to administer • to be proficient in • Classifier for threads or hairs: strand • to become crumpled; to crease ‖ heddle (on a loom) rule • synthesize 綜 • (jong) · 綜 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong) Hán-Nôm : tổng • Hán-Nôm : tống 綜
綞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do² • Middle-Chinese : twaX 綞
綢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰuːw, *dɯw) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 周 (OC *tjɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Middle-Chinese : thaw • Middle-Chinese : drjuw silk cloth; satin damask • to bind; to wind around; to wrap around 綢 • (ju, jo, do) · 綢 • (ju, jo, do) (hangeul 주, 조, 도) Hán-Nôm : trù • Hán-Nôm : điều 綢
綰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : 'waenX • Middle-Chinese : 'waenH to tie; to knot; to bind together, to coil up • ^† to control 綰 • (gwan) · 綰 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan) Hán-Nôm : oản • Hán-Nôm : quán 綰
綴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod) ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuè ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Middle-Chinese : trjwet to stitch up • to connect; to join • to decorate ‖ (Southern Min) to follow • (Southern Min) to imitate ‖ Alternative form of 輟／辍 (“to stop”) to spell • compose • bind (books) • write 綴 (eumhun 엮을 철 (yeokkeul cheol)) hanja form of 철 (“to connect; to join”) • hanja form of 철 (“to spell”) Hán-Nôm : chuỗi • Hán-Nôm : chuế • Hán-Nôm : xuyết 綴
綵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰɯːʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coi² • Middle-Chinese : tshojX varicolored silk • variegated color or decorative pattern • Alternative form of 彩 (cǎi) colorful 綵 • (chae) · 綵 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay) romanization : thải • romanization : giẻ • romanization : thái 綵
綸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːn, *ɡ·run) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːn, *ɡ·run) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lwin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwean cyan ribbon • fishing line • thick rope • emperor's order • silk thread • to govern • wide • a place in Henan • Alternative term for 倫／伦 (lún). • a surname ‖ a kind of marine plant • see 綸巾／纶巾 (guānjīn) twine • fishing line 綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) · 綸 • (ryun>yun, gwan) (hangeul 륜>윤, 관, revised ryun>yun, gwan, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, kwan, Yale lyun>yun, kwan) 綸
綺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰralʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji² • Middle-Chinese : khjeX woven silk • beautiful, gorgeous 綺 • (gi) · 綺 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : khỉ • Hán-Nôm : ỷ • Hán-Nôm : khởi 綺
綽 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tsyhak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ (literary) ample; spacious ‖ to grab 綽 • (jak) · 綽 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak) Hán-Nôm : xước 綽
綾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯŋ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 夌 (OC *rɯŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : ling a thin type of silk fabric resembling satin; damask 綾 • (reung>neung) · 綾 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung) Hán-Nôm : trăng 綾
緇 緇 (OC *tsrə) "black < color of burnt soil?", possibly same word as 菑 (OC *tsrə) "field cleared by slash and burn" (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsri (literary) to blacken • (literary) black 緇 • (chi) · 緇 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) 緇
緘 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Middle-Chinese : keam seal ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan) ‖ 緘(かん) • (kan) ‖ shut; close; seal ‖ seam; seal (of an envelope) • writing on the seal of an envelope 緘 • (ham) · 緘 • (ham) (hangeul 함) seal, close • bind • letter 緘
緝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰib) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰib) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Middle-Chinese : tship ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ to seize; to arrest; to chase after; to pursue (someone) • to weave hempen thread • to hem clothing ‖ to sew in close stitches 緝 • (jip, jeup) · 緝 • (jip, jeup) (hangeul 집, 즙, revised jip, jeup, McCune–Reischauer chip, chŭp, Yale cip, cup) Hán-Nôm : tập 緝
緞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuān • Middle-Chinese : dwanX satin 緞 • (dan, ha) · 緞 • (dan, ha) (hangeul 단, 하, revised dan, ha, McCune–Reischauer tan, ha, Yale tan, ha) Hán-Nôm : đoạn 緞
緬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *menʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 面 (OC *mens). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biān • Middle-Chinese : mjienX distant, remote • Short for 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn, “Myanmar, Burma”). fine thread • Abbreviation of 緬甸 (Menden, Biruma): Burma (Myanmar) 緬 • (myeon) · 緬 • (myeon) (hangeul 면) Hán-Nôm : miễn • Hán-Nôm : mén • Hán-Nôm : diến • Hán-Nôm : miến • Hán-Nôm : rịn 緬
縈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'jwieng (literary) to entangle; to wind around entangle • entwine, coil 縈 • (yeong) · 縈 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng) entangle • entwine, coil 縈
縑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gim¹ • Middle-Chinese : kem 縑 • (gyeom) · 縑 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem) 縑
縲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî 縲 • (ryu>yu) · 縲 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu) 縲
縷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Middle-Chinese : ljuX thread • detailed, precise • Classifier for wisps, threads, or strands. thread 縷 • (ru>nu) · 縷 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu) Hán-Nôm : lũ • Hán-Nôm : lụa • Hán-Nôm : lú • Hán-Nôm : lẫu silk thread (see lụa) • silky (see lụa) 縷
繃 ‖ ‖ ‖ Some compounds are attested at least since Ming dynasty. May be related to 綁／绑 (bǎng) (in 緊綁綁／紧绑绑) used in Yuan era plays. \ Mandarin dialects generally use reduplicated 邦 (bāng) instead (e.g. in 硬邦邦 (yìngbāngbāng)), also spelled 梆 (bāng) or 幫／帮 (bāng). See also Hokkien 迸 (piàng) (in 硬迸迸 (ngē-piàng-piàng), 緊迸迸／紧迸迸 (kín-piàng-piàng), etc.). \ ;very; terribly Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : penn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : png • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ping • Middle-Chinese : peang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bang¹ to stretch; to draw firmly; to strap • to brace; to taut • (of an object) to spring up; to bounce • (literary, or in compounds, crafts) embroidery frame • (literary, or in compounds) bed frame • sling, piece of cloth used to carry a baby on one's back • (dialectal) to swindle; to cheat • (Internet slang) Short for 繃不住／绷不住 (bēngbùzhù, “to burst out laughing”). ‖ to strain one's muscles • to pull one's face • (Cantonese) to stretch, to set up (a mosquito net, a banner, etc) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 掹 (“to pull”) ‖ (chiefly Beijing and Southwestern Mandarin, Jin) to split open; to crack; alternative form of 迸 (bèng) ‖ (chiefly Wu, Cantonese, dialectal Mandarin, in reduplication) intensifier used in ideophones • (Wu, Xiang, dialectal Mandarin) very; terribly 繃 • (bung) · 繃 • (bung) (hangeul 붕, revised bung, McCune–Reischauer pung, Yale pung) Hán-Nôm : banh • Hán-Nôm : băng • Hán-Nôm : bắng 繃
繅 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sou¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsawX to reel silk from the cocoon ‖ Alternative form of 璪 (zǎo, “silk pendant strung with jade and hung from a crown as an ornament”) draw • reel silk from cocoons • elegant compositions 繅 • (so) · 繅 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) draw • reel silk from cocoons • elegant compositions 繅
繆 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : mjuw • Middle-Chinese : mjiw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjiwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mau⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : muk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : mjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ ten bundles of hemp • a type of silk • Used in 綢繆／绸缪 (chóumóu). ‖ to deceive; to feign • (obsolete) different • (alt. form 謬／谬) error; mistake • (alt. form 謬／谬) erroneous; mistaken ‖ a surname ‖ to interlock • thin • Alternative form of 糾／纠 • Alternative form of 摎 ‖ Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “reverent; solemn”) • Alternative form of 穆 (mù, “right side position of ancestral tablets in ancestral shrines”) ‖ Alternative form of 繚／缭 (liáo, “to wind around; to entwine”) ‖ Only used in 繆繆／缪缪. ‖ Only used in 蜩繆／蜩缪. ‖ (alt. form 戮, 勠) to join forces error • wrap around 繆 • (mu, yu) · 繆 • (mu, yu) (hangeul 무, 유, revised mu, yu, McCune–Reischauer mu, yu, Yale mu, yu) 繆
繚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāu • Middle-Chinese : lew • Middle-Chinese : lewX • Middle-Chinese : ljewX to entwine; to wind around • to sew with slanting stitches twist about • circulate • entangle 繚 • (ryo>yo) · 繚 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : lèo 繚
繞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Middle-Chinese : nyewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiáu • Middle-Chinese : nyewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˇ • Middle-Chinese : nyewX to entwine; to wind around; to coil • to confuse ‖ to surround; to encircle • to bypass; to make a detour; to go around ‖ curved; winding • a surname: Rao ‖ 繞(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?) surround • return ‖ Chinese character radical that covers the left and bottom of a Chinese character 繞 • (yo) · 繞 • (yo) (hangeul 요) 繞
繡 Earliest seen in Warring States Period texts. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯwɢs) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù • Middle-Chinese : sjuwH to embroider • with rich and bright colors • gorgeous • embroidered clothing ‖ ‖ 繡 (eumhun 수놓을 수 (suno'eul su)) hanja form of 수 (“embroider”) • hanja form of 수 (“gorgeous”) Hán-Nôm : tú 繡
繩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦbljɯŋ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 黽 (OC *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *mreːŋʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bliŋ (“string; thread; cord”); compare Japhug tɯmbri (“rope”), Burmese အမျှင် (a.hmyang, “string”), Tangut 𘘫 (*bji², “rope”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Jacques, 2014; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîng • Middle-Chinese : zying ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˋ string; rope (Classifier: 條／条 m c) • (literary) to restrict; to restrain • a surname ‖ Only used in 繩繩／绳绳. ‖ rope, line 繩 (eumhun 노끈 승 (nokkeun seung)) hanja form of 승 (“rope; string; cord”) • hanja form of 승 (“measure; restrain”) Hán-Nôm : thằng • Hán-Nôm : thừng • Hán-Nôm : xằng 繩
繪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːbs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːbs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Middle-Chinese : hwajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ (literary, or in compounds) to draw; to sketch; to paint • (literary, or in compounds) to describe; to portray; to depict • (literary) embroidery with five colors ‖ ^‡ to tie one's hair with various colors picture, drawing, sketch, image. 繪 (eumhun 그림 회 (geurim hoe)) hanja form of 회 (“picture; drawing; sketch; image; painting”) [affix] Hán-Nôm : hội • Hán-Nôm : gói • Hán-Nôm : cởi 繪
繹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː). \ Same word as 驛 (OC *laːɡ, “posthorse; relay station”), 譯 (OC *laːɡ, “to translate”), 懌 (OC *laːɡ, “relaxed; pleased”), 斁 (OC *laːɡ, “to be tired of”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also related to 釋 (OC *hljaɡ, “to set free; to explain”), 赦 (OC *hljaɡs, “to let go; to pardon”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : i̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Middle-Chinese : yek to unravel; to draw out • to interpret; to explain • to continue pull out 繹 (eum 역 (yeok)) Hán-Nôm : gịt • Hán-Nôm : dịch • Hán-Nôm : dịt 繹
繽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰin) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pin • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phin • Middle-Chinese : phjin Used in 繽紛／缤纷 (bīnfēn). 繽 • (bin) · 繽 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) 繽
纂 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Middle-Chinese : tswanX to edit; to compile • topknot; chignon • Alternative form of 纘／缵 (zuǎn, “to inherit; to continue”) 纂 • (chan) · 纂 • (chan) (hangeul 찬, revised chan, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, Yale chan) Hán-Nôm : toản 纂
纏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dan, *dans) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 廛 (OC *dan). \ Cognate with Tibetan སྟར (star, “to tie fast”) (Schuessler, 2007, Hill, 2019). Cantonese · Jyutping : cin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiân • Middle-Chinese : drjen • Middle-Chinese : drjenH to wind; to tie; to bind • to pester; to harass • (dialectal) to deal with 纏 • (jeon) · 纏 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : triền • Hán-Nôm : dờn 纏
纓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeŋ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iann • Middle-Chinese : 'jieng tassel • tassel-like object • ribbon • rope • to twine • to suffer from crown string • breast harness 纓 • (yeong) · 纓 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng) Hán-Nôm : anh 纓
纖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sem) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sem) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiam • Middle-Chinese : sjem ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ finely-woven silk • fine; delicate • minute • graceful; slender • stingy; frugal • fiber • (Buddhism) the number 10⁻⁷ ‖ ^† to stab; to prick • ^† sharp; pointed • ^† Alternative form of 籤／签 (qiān, “bamboo slips”) 纖 • (seom) · 纖 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem) romanization : tiêm • romanization : tươm • romanization : thin • romanization : thên 纖
纜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːms) : semantic 糹 (“silk”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : lomX • Middle-Chinese : lamH (literary) hawser; heavy rope for mooring boats • cable; thick rope with many strands (Classifier: 條／条 c) • to moor; to tie; to fasten • (Cantonese) to wear something that requires wrapping • (Cantonese) betting slips for illegal bookmaking • (gambling, originally Cantonese) martingale (gambling strategy) (Classifier: 條／条 c) 纜 • (ram>nam) · 纜 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam) 纜
缽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *poːd) : semantic 缶 (“pot”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ). Originally written as 鉢 (OC *poːd) or 盋 (OC *poːd). \ Short for 缽多羅／钵多罗 (bōduōluó), from Sanskrit पात्र (pātra, “(drinking) vessel; bowl; cup; plate; etc.”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puat • Middle-Chinese : pat (Buddhism) monk's alms bowl • bowl; basin; pot (often made of earthenware or metal) earthenware basin • alms bowl Hán-Nôm : bát bowl 缽
罄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeːŋs) : phonetic 殸 (OC *kʰreːŋ, *kʰeːŋs) + semantic 缶 (“pottery”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khìng • Middle-Chinese : khengH empty • exhaust, run out, use up exhaust • run out • use up • empty 罄 • (gyeong) · 罄 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) empty • exhaust • a kind of Chinese musical instrument made of stone or jade Hán-Nôm : khánh 罄
罈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm earthenware jar; jug Hán-Nôm : đàn 罈
罟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : kuX net (especially for catching fish or birds) • to catch (with a net) 罟 • (go) · 罟 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) 罟
罹 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 网 (“net”) + 忄 (“heart”) + 隹 (“bird”). \ The senses represented by this character were often written with the character 離 (OC *rel) in ancient times. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lje to experience; to suffer; to be hit with • to suffer (from a disease) • suffering; misery 罹 (eumhun 걸릴 리 (geollil ri), word-initial (South Korea) 걸릴 이 (geollil i)) hanja form of 리/이 (“to experience; to suffer; to be hit with”) 罹
羈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kua • Middle-Chinese : kje bridle; halter • to restrain; to hold; to control • to stay; to remain; to lodge 羈 • (gi) · 羈 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : kí 羈
羌 Unclear. \ Pulleyblank (1983) suggests a derivation from 羊 (OC *laŋ). \ Schuessler (2007) prefers to relate it to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-klawŋ (“to guard; to herd; to tend (cattle); to graze; to be at leisure”), whence Tibetan སྐྱོང (skyong, “to guard; to nurture; to keep; to care for”), Asho Chin klóng (“to herd; to graze”), Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:, “to feed; to tend (cattle)”); then 羌 means "herders". Compare 養 (OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs, “to raise; to nourish”). \ Beckwith (2009) proposes a possible Indo-European origin; compare Tocharian B klank- (“to ride; to go by chariot”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Middle-Chinese : khjang (～族, ～人) Qiang people • Name of a historical tribe in ancient China. • muntjac (species of deer) • (obsolete) Meaningless sentence-initial particle, often used in the Chuci. • a surname 羌 • (gang) · 羌 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang) Hán-Nôm : cưng • Hán-Nôm : gừng • Hán-Nôm : khương 羌
羯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kad) : semantic 羊 (“sheep; goat”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd). \ ; “wether” \ : Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this word to 割 (OC *kaːd, “to cut”). \ ; “Jie people” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiat • Middle-Chinese : kjot castrated buck caprid; wether • Jie people (a small, extinct tribe that once lived in North China) barbarian • (more specifically) the Jie people, a certain tribe that lived to the north of China in antiquity (see Chinese 羯 (jié) for details) 羯 • (gal) · 羯 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal) Hán-Nôm : yết • Hán-Nôm : khiết 羯
羲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 兮 + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hi • Middle-Chinese : xje Used in personal names. • Short for 伏羲 (Fúxī). • Short for 羲和 (xīhé). • ^† breath; vapor; gas • Alternative form of 曦 (xī) • Short for 王羲之 (Wáng Xīzhī). • a surname Used in personal names. Hán-Nôm : hi 羲
羶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljan) : semantic 羊 + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : syen rank odor (especially of sheep and goat) 羶 • (jeon) · 羶 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 羶
羸 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ljwe (literary) in a weak or exhausted state to grow haggard; to get thin • weak; frail 羸 (eumhun 파리할 리 (parihal ri), word-initial (South Korea) 파리할 이 (parihal i)) 羸
羿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːs) : semantic 羽 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngejH (historical) the name of a legendary archer (also called 后羿) • a surname Hán-Nôm : nghệ 羿
翎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) + semantic 羽 (“feather”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng long, stiff feather on the wings or tail of a bird; (by extension) bird's feather • wing (of an insect) • arrow feather • (historical) feather on an official's hat (used for decoration and displaying his rank) 翎 • (ryeong>yeong) · 翎 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng) Hán-Nôm : linh 翎
翕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰrub) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 羽 (“wings”) ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jap¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip • Middle-Chinese : xip ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hip friendly; compliant • 58th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌿) • (Sichuanese) to crack ‖ to smother; to be suffocated • to take a picture 翕 • (heup) · 翕 • (heup) (hangeul 흡, revised heup, McCune–Reischauer hŭp, Yale hup) Hán-Nôm : hấp 翕
翟 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 羽 (“feather”) + 隹 (“bird”). \ Schuessler (2007) suggests that the name of the long-tailed pheasant is related to 濯 (OC *d-liauk, “clean, brilliant, glossy; to moisten, to wash”) and its exopassive 濯 (OC *d-liaukh, “to wash clothes”) owing to the birds' shiny feathers. See there for further etymology. \ STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-rjak (“pheasant, partridge”). \ Goldin (2011) proposes that 翟 (dí) and 狄 (dí, “northern foreigners”) are related, 狄 (dí) being a "pseudo-ethnonym" meaning "feathered". ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Middle-Chinese : dek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thi̍k • Middle-Chinese : draek (archaic) a long-tailed species of pheasant • (historical) pheasant plumes used in dances • (obsolete) things decorated with pheasant plumes • Alternative form of 狄 ‖ a surname kind of pheasant 翟 • (jeok, chaek) · 翟 • (jeok, chaek) (hangeul 적, 책, revised jeok, chaek, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, ch'aek, Yale cek, chayk) pheasant Hán-Nôm : địch 翟
翡 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei² • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huí • Middle-Chinese : bj+jH a kind of red kingfisher • Used in 翡翠 (fěicuì, “kingfisher; jadeite”). 翡 • (bi) · 翡 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : phỉ 翡
翱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kô • Middle-Chinese : ngaw to spread wings and fly 翱 • (go) · 翱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) 翱
翳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiː, *qiːs) : phonetic 殹 (OC *qiːs) + semantic 羽. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : 'ej • Middle-Chinese : 'ejH (literary) shade; screen • nebula • (literary) to hide; to conceal • (literary) to shade; to screen • (literary) feather cover of vehicle • (Mainland China Hokkien) gloomy clouds ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei) ‖ 翳(えい) • (ei) to hide; to conceal • to shade • shadow ‖ shade; shadow (interchangeable with 影 (ei)) ‖ 翳 (eum 예 (ye)) Hán-Nôm : ế 翳
翹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡew, *ɡews) : phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw) + semantic 羽 (“feather”). \ Schuessler (2007) considers this to be probably unrelated to the word family of 喬 (OC *krew, “tall”) and instead proposes cognacy with Proto-Northern Naga *gyaw (“high”). \ Sagart (2021b) connects this to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he (Sagart, 2017b) has also connected to 喬 (OC *krew). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjiew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kiu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàu • Middle-Chinese : gjiewH long tail feathers of a bird; rectrix • bird's tail • animal's tail • to lift; to raise • to expose; to reveal; to uncover; to arouse • (colloquial, of wooden plank, paper, etc.) to become twisted; to be warped from water damage • outstanding; extraordinary • high; dangerous • lush; luxuriant • (historical) a kind of hair jewelry worn by ancient women, shaped like a bird's tail • Alternative form of 篪 (chí, “ancient musical instrument”) ‖ (colloquial) to stick up (one end of an object, such as a tail); to curl up; to turn upwards • (colloquial) to leave in stealth; to play truant; to wag (from school) excellence 翹 • (gyo) · 翹 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) canonical : 翹: Hán Việt readings: kiều 翹: Nôm readings: khiêu • canonical : kẻo 翹
耆 Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”). ‖ Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”). ‖ Compare with Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjij ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ man of sixty • aged; old; senior • tyrannical • to detest; to abhor ‖ to cause; to result in ‖ Original form of 嗜 (shì, “to be fond of”). senility 耆 • (gi, chi) · 耆 • (gi, chi) (hangeul 기, 치, revised gi, chi, McCune–Reischauer ki, ch'i, Yale ki, chi) 耆
耒 Pictogram (象形) – a wooden (木) plow with originally three cross lines (彡) for the furrows of the plow, later simplified to two. ‖ Simplified from 來 (从 → 二). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luī • Middle-Chinese : lwijX • Middle-Chinese : lwojH ‖ handle of plow • plow ‖ 耒 • (roe>noe) · 耒 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy) Hán-Nôm : lỗi • Hán-Nôm : lồi • Hán-Nôm : doi • Hán-Nôm : lọi • Hán-Nôm : lội • Hán-Nôm : lòi • Hán-Nôm : rồi • Hán-Nôm : ròi • Hán-Nôm : lẫn • Hán-Nôm : rổi • Hán-Nôm : rỗi • Hán-Nôm : rủi 耒
耜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯʔ) : semantic 耒 (“plow”) + phonetic 㠯 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ziX (archaic) plowshare Hán-Nôm : trĩ • Hán-Nôm : tự 耜
聱 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngaew • Middle-Chinese : ngaw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Middle-Chinese : ngjiw not taking others' advice • uneven ‖ mixed; (of sounds) noisy (see the compounds) poor sentences • bent and twisted • too complicated 聱 • (o) · 聱 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o) bent and twisted • too complicated 聱
聳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sloŋʔ) : phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs) + semantic 耳. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàng • Middle-Chinese : sjowngX deaf • urge on • rise up; raise up • erect • to reward • to scare; to frighten • lofty rise • tower 聳 (eum 용 (yong)) urge on • rise up • stir, excite • to raise up • lofty 聳
聶 Triplication of 耳 (“ear”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liap • Middle-Chinese : nrjep to whisper (into one's ear) • a surname 聶 • (seop) · 聶 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep) Hán-Nôm : nhiếp • Hán-Nôm : niếp 聶
聾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːŋ) : phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) + semantic 耳 (“ear”) – deaf. \ Perhaps related to 聳 (OC *sloŋʔ, “deaf”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Middle-Chinese : luwng deaf deafness • deaf 聾 • (rong>nong) · 聾 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong) 聾
聿 Pictogram (象形) or \ ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : hand (又) holding a brush. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wat⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : u̍t • Middle-Chinese : ywit Original form of 筆／笔 (bǐ, “writing brush; pencil”). • sentence-initial or sentence-medial introductory particle: then; and then; thereupon • (Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to scribble, scrawl, or daub in a hasty and careless way • a surname writing brush, pencil • thereupon 聿 (eumhun 붓 율 (but yul)) hanja form of 율 (“writing brush, paint brush”) Hán-Nôm : duật 聿
肄 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Middle-Chinese : yijH practice; study 肄 • (i) · 肄 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i) 肄
肓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹ • Middle-Chinese : xwang (traditional Chinese medicine) the part of human body between the heart and the diaphragm, which was thought to be unreachable by medicament inaccessible region of the body (between the heart and the diaphragm) 肓 • (hwang) · 肓 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) 肓
肫 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsywin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ (obsolete) cheek • stomach of birds; gizzard of birds • (literary) sincere ‖ Alternative form of 純／纯 ‖ Alternative form of 豚 gizzard of fowl • honest • sincere 肫 • (sun) · 肫 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) gizzard of fowl • honest • sincere Hán-Nôm : truân 肫
肱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kwong (anatomy) upper arm • (figurative) minister of the emperor ‖ 肱(ひじ) • (hiji) ^(←ひぢ (fidi)?) ‖ Alternative spelling of 肘 肱 (eum 굉 (goeng)) Hán-Nôm : quăng 肱
胆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːn, *daːn) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns). ‖ 胆(い) • (i) gall bladder • courage ‖ gallbladder; liver 胆 • (dam) · 胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam) 胆
胛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 肉 (“flesh”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Middle-Chinese : kaep shoulder, shoulder blade 胛 • (gap) · 胛 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap) 胛
胤 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 八 + 幺 + 肉. Explanation uncertain. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : īn • Middle-Chinese : yinH (literary) progeny; posterity; descendants • (literary) heir; successor ‖ 胤(たね) • (tane) ‖ 胤(いん) • (in) ‖ paternal blood, offspring ‖ lineage; descendant 胤 (eum 윤 (yun)) Hán-Nôm : dận 胤
胥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ) : phonetic 疋 (OC *ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ) + semantic 月 (“flesh”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Middle-Chinese : sjo • Middle-Chinese : sjoX (historical) officer who was responsible for capturing thieves • (literary) all • (Classical) mutually • a surname 胥 • (seo) · 胥 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se) Hán-Nôm : tư 胥
胭 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'en Short for 胭脂 (yānzhi). 胭
胱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kong • Middle-Chinese : kwang Only used in 膀胱 (pángguāng, “bladder”). bladder 胱 (eumhun 오줌통 광 (ojumtong gwang)) hanja form of 광 (“bladder”) 胱
脩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic 攸 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 肉 (“meat”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siu • Middle-Chinese : sjuw ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄠˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ (literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) • (literary) dried meat (presented to teachers as payment) · (by extension, historical) payment for teachers in ancient China • (literary) Alternative form of 修 (xiū) • to dry out; to wither • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 卣 (yǒu, “painted wine vessel”) ‖ Name of a county. ‖ Only used in 脩脩 (xiāoxiāo). ‖ Alternative form of 滌／涤 (dí, “to wash; to cleanse”) ‖ 脩(おさむ) • (Osamu) dried meat ‖ a male given name 脩 • (su) · 脩 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) Hán-Nôm : tu 脩
脫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). \ :Within Chinese, cognate with 蛻 (OC *l̥ʰoːds, “exuviae (skin cast off during molting)”), 愉 (OC *lo, “relax > happy, pleased”), 悅 (OC lod, “contented”), 說 (OC *hljod, “to speak, to explain”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to persuade”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”), 奪 (OC *Cə.lˁot, “to rob, to snatch”); \ :Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan གློད་པ (glod pa, “loosen, relax, slacken”), Tibetan ཧློད་པ (hlod pa, “loose, relaxed”), Lepcha ᰒᰤᰦᰳ (flját), ᰒᰤᰩᰳ (fljót), Burmese လွှတ် (hlwat), Burmese ချွတ် (hkywat). \ In its use in Northern Wu languages, such as Shanghainese, Suzhounese, and Ningbonese, as well as Lower Yangtze Mandarin, it is likely from a grammaticalisation of the verb. Compare with 落 (Wuxi, Changzhou) and 掉 (Haining, Danyang) ‖ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : tyut³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuat • Middle-Chinese : dwat • Middle-Chinese : thwat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍t to take off (clothes); to peel off; to strip • to get away from; to escape; to leave; to avoid • to leave out; to miss; to omit • rapid; swift; fast • unaffected; free; at ease • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collapse; to pass out; to fall in a faint • (Ningbonese and Shanghainese) and • (Northern Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin) Used to indicate a negative outcome to a verb. ‖ Used in 脫脫／脱脱 (“carefree”). • Alternative form of 蛻／蜕 (“(of skin) cast off”) • a surname ‖ (Hokkien) to slip out of place • (Mainland China Hokkien) to misstep take off, remove • escape, get away 脫 • (tal, tae) · 脫 • (tal, tae) (hangeul 탈, 태, McCune–Reischauer t'al, t'ae, Yale thal, thay) Hán-Nôm : thoát 脫
脹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiònn • Middle-Chinese : trjangH to expand; to increase in size; to swell • (medicine, of muscles, skin, etc.) to swell • (medicine) to have edema; to have dropsy swell, dilate, distend, bulge 脹 (eumhun 부을 창 (bueul chang)) hanja form of 창 (“to expand; to swell”) Hán-Nôm : trướng • Hán-Nôm : chương • Hán-Nôm : rướn • Hán-Nôm : chướng 脹
腆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thián • Middle-Chinese : thenX prosperous • good • protruding 腆 (eum 전 (jeon)) Hán-Nôm : thiển 腆
腑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Middle-Chinese : pjuX viscera ‖ 腑(ふ) • (fu) ^(←ふ (fu)?) viscera ‖ 腑 (eumhun 육부 부 (yukbu bu)) hanja form of 부 (“the six viscera(bowels)”) 腑
腱 Originally 䇟. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kan, *ɡans) : semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 建 (OC *kans). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiān • Middle-Chinese : kjon • Middle-Chinese : gjonH tendons ‖ 腱(けん) • (ken) ‖ (anatomy) a tendon 腱 • (geon) · 腱 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken) 腱
腳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaɡ) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body”) + phonetic 卻 (OC *kaɡ, *kʰaɡ) – part of the body, the foot or leg. \ Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007). Unrelated to Min 跤. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kioh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiok • Middle-Chinese : kjak (anatomy) foot (Classifier: 隻／只 m c; 雙／双 m c; 對／对 c) • base; leg; foundation • Alternative form of 角 (jué, “role; part; character”) • (Cantonese) person who joins an activity 腳 (eumhun 다리 각 (dari gak)) Hán-Nôm : cước • Hán-Nôm : cuốc 腳
膈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 鬲 (OC *kreːɡ, *ɡ·reːɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 鬲 (OC *kreːɡ, *ɡ·reːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keeh • Middle-Chinese : keak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˋ (anatomy) diaphragm • a kind of bell ‖ Only used in 膈應／膈应 (gèying). 膈 • (gyeok) · 膈 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격) 膈
膠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːw, *krɯːws, *kʰrɯːw) : semantic ⺼ (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws). ‖ Near homophone of the vulgar word 鳩／鸠 (gau¹). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ka • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew • Middle-Chinese : khaew • Middle-Chinese : kaewH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ glue; adhesive; gum; resin • rubber (material) • to glue; to adhere • sticky; gluey • (Cantonese) plastic • Short for 膠州／胶州 (Jiāozhōu). • Short for 膠澳／胶澳. (former name of 青島／青岛 (Qīngdǎo)) • (Wenzhounese) swim bladder ‖ (originally Internet slang) stupid; foolish; dumb • (Internet slang) stupidness; stupidity (Classifier: 打 c) • (originally Internet slang, offensive) idiot; retard • (originally Internet slang, possibly offensive) nerd; enthusiast • (chiefly Internet slang) to act stupidly; to act foolishly glue • isinglass 膠 • (gyo) · 膠 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : giao • Hán-Nôm : keo 膠
膩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nis) : semantic 肉 (“meat”) + phonetic 貳 (OC *njis). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jī • Middle-Chinese : nrijH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁶ ‖ fatty; oily • too greasy to bear • (Northern Min) to become soggy • meticulous; delicate; glossy • to make (someone) feel sick; to disgust (someone) • to be sick of; to be tired of • (literary) dirt • sticky; grimy • intimate; close • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick around, causing others to be fed up • (Beijing Mandarin) to stick to (someone); to pester (someone) • (Beijing Mandarin) to fill a crack; to putty • (Sichuanese) to hesitate; to be irresolute ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 腬 (nau6, “heavy; filling; too greasy or sweet”) ‖ (Eastern Min) to nap; to doze 膩 • (ni>i) · 膩 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune–Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i) 膩
膺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯŋ) : phonetic 𤸰 () + semantic 肉 (“body”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'ing (literary) breast; chest • (ancient, of horses) breast strap • (literary) to undertake; to bear • (literary) to attack breast 膺 (eumhun 가슴 응 (gaseum eung)) hanja form of 응 (“breasts”) Hán-Nôm : ưng • Hán-Nôm : ứng 膺
膽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːmʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam). \ Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007); compare Proto-Vietic *lɔːm, Proto-Katuic *lɔɔm, Proto-Bahnaric *kləːm, etc. from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ləəm ~ *t₁luəm "liver". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tánn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tám • Middle-Chinese : tamX (anatomy) gallbladder • (figurative) guts; courage; bravery; strength; nerve • inner container; liner (of a thermos); bladder (of a ball) • vacuum tube 膽 (eumhun 쓸개 담 (sseulgae dam)) hanja form of 담 (“gall bladder”) • hanja form of 담 (“courage; nerve”) Hán-Nôm : đảm 膽
膾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kui² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kwajH (historical) kuai, a historical Chinese dish consisting of finely cut strips of raw fish or meat • (archaic) to mince; to chop ‖ 膾(なます) • (namasu) ‖ namasu, a Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced uncooked vegetables and meat or seafood, marinated in rice vinegar 膾 (eumhun 회 회 (hoe hoe)) hanja form of 회 (“sliced raw meat or fish”) Hán-Nôm : gỏi • Hán-Nôm : khoái • Hán-Nôm : cối • Hán-Nôm : quái 膾
膿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâng • Middle-Chinese : nowng pus ‖ 膿(うみ) • (umi) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō) ‖ 膿(のう) • (nō) ‖ pus ‖ (medicine) pus ‖ (medicine) pus 膿 (eumhun 고름 농 (goreum nong)) hanja form of 농 (“pus”) 膿
臃 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong Used in 臃腫／臃肿 (yōngzhǒng, “obese; swollen; overstaffed”). 臃
臉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gram (“cheek; face”). Cognate with Tibetan འགྲམ་པ ('gram pa, “cheek”), འགྲམ་རུས ('gram rus, “cheekbone”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˇㄦ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : leamX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjem (anatomy) cheek • (anatomy) face (Classifier: 張／张 m) • (by extension) facial expression; complexion • (figurative) front part of something • (figurative) reputation; face; image ‖ meat soup cheek • face 臉 (eumhun 뺨 검 (ppyam geom)) cheek • face Hán-Nôm : kiểm • Hán-Nôm : quặm • Hán-Nôm : liển • Hán-Nôm : liễn • Hán-Nôm : liễm • Hán-Nôm : kiễm 臉
臍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zliːl) : semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-taj (“navel; abdomen; centre; self”) (Weidert, 1987; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ལྟེ (lte, “navel”), Chepang तोय् (“navel”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsê • Middle-Chinese : dzej navel ‖ 臍(へそ) • (heso) ‖ 臍(ほぞ) • (hozo) ‖ (anatomy) navel ‖ (anatomy) navel 臍 (eumhun 배꼽 제 (baekkop je)) hanja form of 제 (“navel”) 臍
臏 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : bjinX Alternative form of 髕／髌 (bìn, “kneecap; cutting off kneecaps as a form of punishment”) the kneecap 臏 • (bin) · 臏 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) kneecap 臏
臘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːb) : semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + phonetic 巤 (OC *rab). \ Uncertain. \ * Bodde (1975) cites Zheng Xuan's comment on the relation between 臘 (OC *raːb, “year-end sacrifice”) and 獵 (OC *rab, “hunt”); \ * Boltz (1979) instead relates it to a much later word written with the same phonetic & meaning "to cut off, to terminate" (of a year); \ * Schuessler (2007) proposes an alternative Sino-Tibetan etymology: just as the 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb) word-family encompasses the meanings "leaf > foliage, year, generation"; so the root *râp "new year, change of year" is apparently a parallel etymon, which also is cognate with Tibetan རབས། (rabs, “generation”) (Bodman, 1980). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍p • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Middle-Chinese : lap year-end sacrifice to the gods • twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar • dried preserved meat; cured meat ‖ 臘(ろう) • (rō) ‖ a Buddhist ceremony held in winter on the third day of the dog • the twelfth month of the lunar-solar calendar • a year in Buddhism after one completes a meditation retreat 臘 • (rap>nap) · 臘 • (rap>nap) (hangeul 랍>납, revised rap>nap, McCune–Reischauer rap>nap, Yale lap>nap) Hán-Nôm : chạp • Hán-Nôm : chợp • Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : lép 臘
臚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ljo (literary) to display; to list 臚 • (ryeo>yeo) · 臚 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) 臚
臥 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臣 (“eye”) + 人 (“person”). Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngōo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gōo • Middle-Chinese : ngwaH to lie down • to sleep; to rest • (of animals) to crouch • (literary) to live in seclusion; to retreat • (regional) to poach (to cook in boiling water) • (in compounds) containing a bed; used for sleeping • (in compounds) sleeper ‖ 臥(が) • (ga) ^(←ぐわ (gwa)?) to lie down • prostrate ‖ to bend down; to lie down; to prostrate 臥 • (wa) · 臥 • (wa) (hangeul 와) Hán-Nôm : ngọa • Hán-Nôm : ngoạ 臥
臧 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 臣 (“eye”) + 戈 (“spear;weapon”) – "slave; prisoner of war" (slaves in ancient China were blinded, hence the 臣 component. Compare 童 and 民). The phonetic component 爿 (OC *zaŋ), absent in the oracle-bone script, was added at a later stage (see Yang, 1965, and references therein), leading Shuowen to interpret the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋ) : phonetic 戕 (OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) + semantic 臣. \ Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བཟང (bzang, “good; fine”) (Coblin, 1986). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong⁶ (literary) good; right; generous • (literary) to praise; to commend • a surname ‖ (derogatory) slave; enslaved captive • Alternative form of 贓／赃 (zāng, “booty; loot; stolen goods”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (“to hide; to store”) ‖ Alternative form of 藏 (zàng, “storing pace; depository”) • Alternative form of 臟／脏 (zàng, “internal organs, viscera”) 臧 (eum 장 (jang)) Hán-Nôm : tang • Hán-Nôm : tàng 臧
臺 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated 喬 + 室. \ Its exact structure changes depending on region and time period, but for most of its existence it has been a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) . The phonetic has always been 之 (OC *tjɯ) or 止 (OC *kjɯʔ). \ : Oracle bone inscriptions: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 宀. \ : Chu slips: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室 \ : Jin slips: \ :* Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated 喬 + 室. This is the modern form inherited by Han seal script. \ :* Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + abbreviated 室 \ :* Phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室 \ : Qin dynasty: Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + 高 + 室 \ Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 之 (“foot”) + abbreviated 高 (“high”) + 室 (“building”) – a watch tower. The Shuowen Jiezi Zhu considers 㞢 (*tjɯ) to be the sound component. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâi • Middle-Chinese : doj tower; lookout • stage; platform • support; stand; base • station · (specifically) broadcasting station or channel; television station or channel • station · (specifically, Internet) live stream • station • terrace (raised ground) • Suffix for terms of address conveying respect for the addressee. • Short for 臺灣／台灣／台湾 (Táiwān, “Taiwan”). • Short for 臺語／台語／台语 (táiyǔ, “Taiwanese Hokkien”). • Classifier for machines, vehicles or electronic devices. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • Classifier for stage performance. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • Alternative form of 檯／台 (tái, “table; desk”) • Alternative form of 薹 (tái, “sedge”) • a surname • (mahjong) points 臺 (eumhun 대 대 (dae dae)) ‖ 臺 • (Dae) (hangeul 대) hanja form of 대 (“platform”) [noun] • hanja form of 대 (“counter for vehicles or machinery”) [counter] • hanja form of 대 (“(after a number) in the... s”) [suffix] ‖ (in news headlines) Short for 臺(대)灣(만) (Daeman, “Taiwan”). Hán-Nôm : đài chữ Hán form of đài (“platform, broadcast station”). 臺
臻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsin • Middle-Chinese : tsrin (literary) to attain; to realize • (literary) to arrive; to reach; to come 臻 • (jin) · 臻 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin) Hán-Nôm : trăn 臻
臾 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ a moment, an instant, a short while (used in 須臾／须臾 (xūyú)) • a surname ‖ Only used in 縱臾／纵臾 (zǒngyǒng). 臾 (eum 잠깐 유, 권할 용 (jamkkan yu, gwonhal yong)) 臾
舂 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 廾 (“both hands”) + 午 (“pestle”) + 臼 (“mortar”) – using both hands to pound with a mortar and pestle. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : syowng to pound on grains in a mortar in order to husk them • (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Shanghainese) to hit with a fist; to punch • (Cantonese) to fall (especially head down) to grind in a mortar 舂 • (yong, song, chang) · 舂 • (yong, song, chang) (hangeul 용, 송, 창, revised yong, song, chang, McCune–Reischauer yong, song, ch'ang, Yale yong, song, chang) Hán-Nôm : thung 舂
舉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaʔ) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 手 (“hand”) as 擧／举. The 手 (shǒu) component became 𰀁. \ ;lift \ ;all, whole, entire \ ;to pawn Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Middle-Chinese : kjoX to raise; to lift up • (literary) to raise; to bring up • to elect • to start; to initiate • to cite; to enumerate • action; deed • (historical) successful candidate in the imperial examination at the provincial level • whole; entire • (Cantonese) to pawn Alternative form of 擧 (Shinjitai form 挙) Hán-Nôm : cử • Hán-Nôm : cỡ • Hán-Nôm : cữ 舉
舐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljeʔ) : semantic 舌 + phonetic 氏 (OC *skeŋ, *kje, *ɡjeʔ). \ The glyphs recorded in Shuowen are 舓 (shì) (with phonetic 易 (OC *leːɡs, *leɡ)) and 𦧇 (with phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ)). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak (“to lick; tongue”). The Cantonese vernacular reading laai² preserves the Old Chinese initial *l-. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǐnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐ • Middle-Chinese : zyeX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : lim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : lem² to lick; to lap; to stroke with the tongue ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 舔 (“to lick”) 舐 (eum 지 (ji)) canonical : 舐: Hán Việt readings: thỉ • canonical : thị • canonical : để 舐: Nôm readings: liếm • canonical : thỉ 舐
舛 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夊 + 𡕒 (second character roughly ヰ) – two feet facing in different directions. Compare 夅, with feet pointing down. Compare also foot in 夂, 夊, 𡕒. Note that the left foot has changed shape rather more than the right foot, which still resembles the form in earlier script. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuán • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwenX (literary) to be opposed to; to be contrary to; to deviate from • (literary) an error or mistake • (literary) a disorderly misfortune; be in a difficult situation 舛 • (cheon) · 舛 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) Hán-Nôm : suyễn • Hán-Nôm : sẻn 舛
舜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sùn • Middle-Chinese : sywinH Emperor Shun, legendary ruler of ancient China • (alt. form 蕣) Hibiscus syriacus • a surname 舜 • (sun) · 舜 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) Hán-Nôm : thuấn 舜
舢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ Only used in 舢板 (shānbǎn). sampan 舢 (eum 산 (san)) a small boat attached to a ship 舢
舨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² Only used in 舢舨 and 艟舨. 舨
舫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋs, *paŋs) : semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). \ Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *poŋ (“raft; float”) (provisionally reconstructed by STEDT). See 方 (OC *paŋ) for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : pjangH • Middle-Chinese : pangH two boats connected together • boat (with a deckhouse) 舫 (eum 방 (bang)) Hán-Nôm : phảng 舫
艙 Considered a 後起字／后起字 (hòuqǐzì). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːŋ) : semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshong cabin (in ships, airplanes, etc.) 艙 • (chang) · 艙 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang) Hán-Nôm : thương • Hán-Nôm : khoang 艙
艮 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + 匕 (“spoon”). \ Alternatively, a ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 目 (“eye”) + 人 (“person”) showing a person looking back (Ji Xusheng, 2004). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kùn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìn • Middle-Chinese : konH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄣˇ one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦, symbolizing mountains. (☶) • a surname ‖ (dialectal) blunt; straightforward • (dialectal) tough, chewy ‖ 艮(うしとら) • (ushitora) northeast ‖ (obsolete) northeast 艮 (eumhun 괘 이름 간 (gwae ireum gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 그칠 간 (geuchil gan)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 은 은 (eun eun)) ‖ 艮 (eumhun 끌 흔 (kkeul heun)) hanja form of 간 (“one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦”) ‖ hanja form of 간 (“to stop; to cease”) ‖ hanja form of 은 (“silver”) ‖ hanja form of 흔 (“to pull; to draw; to drag”) Hán-Nôm : cấn • Hán-Nôm : cản • Hán-Nôm : ngắn • Hán-Nôm : nhìn • Hán-Nôm : ngấn • Hán-Nôm : ngẩn • Hán-Nôm : ngổn • Hán-Nôm : ngần 艮
艱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːn) : semantic 𦰩 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian • Middle-Chinese : kean difficult; hard • hardship; suffering • disaster • dangerous • parent's death 艱 • (gan) · 艱 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan) Hán-Nôm : gian 艱
芍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡleːwʔ, *spʰlewɢ, *pl'ewɢ, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 勺 (OC *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsio̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshia̍h • Middle-Chinese : dzyak • Middle-Chinese : trjak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠˋ • Middle-Chinese : hewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : tek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Middle-Chinese : tshjak Chinese peony (Paeonia lactiflora) ‖ water chestnut ‖ Alternative form of 菂 (dì, “lotus seed”) ‖ Only used in 芍陂. 芍 • (jak, jeok) · 芍 • (jak, jeok) (hangeul 작, 적, revised jak, jeok, McCune–Reischauer chak, chŏk, Yale cak, cek) Hán-Nôm : thược 芍
芟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saam¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Middle-Chinese : sraem scythe • to scythe, to cut 芟 • (sam) · 芟 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam) 芟
芯 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sim • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sim • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ pith from the common rush (Juncus effusus), used as lamp wick • lamp wick • (in general) core material (of something); centre; wick; pencil lead ‖ Only used in 芯子 (xìnzi, “fuse; tongue of a snake”). ‖ 芯(しん) • (shin) ‖ core, heart • pencil lead • wick 芯 • (sim) · 芯 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim) 芯
芻 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 勹 (“hand”) + 屮 (“grass”), a hand plucking grass. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Middle-Chinese : tsrhju to cut grass; to mow • hay; fodder • livestock • to raise; to rear 芻 (eum 추 (chu)) Hán-Nôm : so 芻
苒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liám • Middle-Chinese : nyemX luxuriant growth • passing (of time) • (Xiamen Hokkien) fruit preserve; jam (UK); jelly (US) flourishing • luxuriant 苒 • (yeom) · 苒 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem) lush • successively • in order Hán-Nôm : nhiễm 苒
苓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Middle-Chinese : leng Used in 苓耳. • Short for 伏苓 or 茯苓. • Alternative form of 零 (“to fall”) herb, plant • mushroom 苓 • (ryeong>yeong) · 苓 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng) Hán-Nôm : linh • Hán-Nôm : lành • Hán-Nôm : lềnh 苓
苣 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjoX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ lettuce ‖ Only used in 苣蕒菜／苣荬菜 (qǔmǎicài). ‖ 苣(ちしゃ) or 苣(チシャ) • (chisha) lettuce ‖ Alternative spelling of 萵苣 (“lettuce”) 苣 • (geo) · 苣 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke) Hán-Nôm : cự 苣
苧 Simplified from 薴 (寧 → 宁). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 宁 (OC *da, *daʔ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : drjoX ‖ ramie (Boehmeria nivea) ‖ 苧(お) • (o) ^(←を (wo)?) ‖ 苧(むし) • (mushi) ‖ 苧(からむし) • (karamushi) ‖ 苧(からんし) • (karanshi) ‖ 苧(こるむし) • (korumushi) ‖ 苧(ま) • (ma) ‖ 苧(ちょ) • (cho) ‖ hemp or ramie • thread made from the outer husk of the stems of hemp or ramie • a textile made from this thread ‖ (obsolete) old name for karamushi: the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea • short for 帔(むしのたれぎぬ), 枲(むし)の垂(た)れ衣(ぎぬ) (mushi no tareginu), a kind of veil made of ramie and worn from the brim of a hat by women from the Heian period through the Kamakura period ‖ the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea (syn. Boehmeria nipononivea) • a thread made from the fibers of this plant • a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant • (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant • (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber ‖ the ramie or hemp plant or fiber 苧 • (jeo) · 苧 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) Hán-Nôm : trữ 苧
茎 ‖ 茎(くき) • (kuki) ‖ 茎(なかご) • (nakago) ‖ stem, stalk ‖ (swords) tang (part of a sword blade) 茎
茗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *meːŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 名 (OC *meŋ). \ A late word; earliest extant attestation is in Shuowen Jiezi. \ Likely from Austroasiatic. Compare Palaungic မျံမ် (miəm), Danau miːn², Lamet mɪːŋ, Mlabri miʌŋ, Mal mhiaŋ, Nyah Kur mìəm, Thai เมี่ยง (mîiang), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩮᩥ᩠᩶ᨿᨦ, Lao ໝ້ຽງ (mīang). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : mengX tea buds • late-picked tea • (in general) tea plant • tea (drink) • Alternative form of 酩 (mǐng) • a surname ‖ 茗(めい) • (mei) tea, the tea plant ‖ tea, especially tea picked later in the season 茗 • (myeong) · 茗 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng) canonical : 茗: Hán Việt readings: dính • canonical : minh 茗: Nôm readings: dính • canonical : rểnh • canonical : tranh 茗
茱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djo) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzyu Short for 茱萸 (zhūyú). 茱 • (su) · 茱 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 茱
茲 Cognate with 載 (OC *ʔslɯːʔ, “year”), 再 (OC *ʔsɯːs, “twice”), 薦 (OC *ʔseːns, “repeatedly”), 洊 (OC *zlɯːns, “again; repeatedly”), 荐 (OC *zlɯːns, “repeatedly”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzi (literary) this • (literary) year; time • (literary) the present; now • Alternative form of 滋 (zī, “more”) ‖ Only used in 龜茲／龟兹 (Qiūcí). ‖ here ‖ 茲 • (museonghal ja) · 茲 • (museonghal ja) (hangeul 무성할 자) Hán-Nôm : tư 茲
茴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuːl) : semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 回 (OC *ɡuːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê • Middle-Chinese : hwoj Used in 茴香 (huíxiāng). • fennel; aniseed 茴 • (hoe) · 茴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy) canonical : 茴: Hán Việt readings: hồi 茴: Nôm readings: hồi • canonical : gồi 茴
茹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njas) : semantic 艹 (“grass, plants”) + phonetic 如 (OC *nja, *njas) – plant roots, part of a plant. \ Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic origin; compare Kharia [script needed] (ɲoʔ, “to eat”) and Proto-Vietic *s-nja:ʔ (“to chew, to masticate”) (> Vietnamese nhá). Schuessler (2003) also compares 茹 with Jingpho noʔ¹ 'to eat' and Proto-Mienic *ʔnəkᴰ 'to swallow'. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jû • Middle-Chinese : nyo • Middle-Chinese : nyoX • Middle-Chinese : nyoH to eat • (literary) to bear • (literary) to guess • (literary) soft • (literary) corrupted • (literary) vegetables • a surname • (organic chemistry) rubicene to boil • to seethe 茹 • (yeo) · 茹 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye) canonical : 茹: Hán Việt readings: như • canonical : nhự 茹: Nôm readings: nhà • canonical : nhờ • canonical : nhựa • canonical : nhừa • canonical : nhu Nôm form of nhà (“home”). 茹
荀 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : swin a surname • (historical) name of an ancient state in China • (obsolete) name of a plant 荀 • (sun) · 荀 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) Hán-Nôm : tuân 荀
荊 ; "shrub; alternative name of Chu" \ ; "(humble) my wife; poor" Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Middle-Chinese : kjaeng chaste tree (Vitex); redbud (Cercis) • (historical) rod for flogging made of chaste tree twigs • (literary, humble) my wife • Short for 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu, “Jingzhou”). • Short for 荊山／荆山 (Jīng Shān, “Mount Jing”). • Alternative name for 楚 (chǔ, “the state of Chu in ancient China”). • a surname ‖ 荊(いばら) or 荊(イバラ) • (ibara) thorn • brier • whip ‖ Alternative spelling of 茨 荊 • (hyeong) · 荊 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng) thorns • brambles • my wife • cane Hán-Nôm : kinh 荊
荏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms). \ ; “a kind of big bean” \ ; “soft; weak” \ : Possibly related to 飪 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked”), 腍 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked; delicious”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lám • Middle-Chinese : nyimX perilla (Perilla frutescens) • a kind of big bean; big • soft; weak; yielding • (Singapore Hokkien) weak; feeble; frail 荏 • (im) · 荏 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im) Hán-Nôm : nhẫm 荏
荸 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pu̍t Only used in 荸薺／荸荠 (bíqi, “Chinese water chestnut”). Hán-Nôm : bột • Hán-Nôm : mụt • Hán-Nôm : bụt 荸
荻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dek Amur silvergrass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • a surname ‖ 荻(おぎ) or 荻(オギ) • (ogi) ^(←をぎ (wogi)?) Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) • reed, cane ‖ Amur silver-grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) 荻 (eum 적 (jeok)) Hán-Nôm : địch 荻
荼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : drae • Middle-Chinese : du • Middle-Chinese : zyae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu¹ a type of bitter vegetable, possibly sow thistle or other plants of Asteraceae • (figurative) pain; suffering • spikes of cogon (or other grasses) with long whitish hair • pappus • white ‖ a surname ‖ Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū). Ixeridium dentatum • kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit Hán-Nôm : đồ • Hán-Nôm : dưa • Hán-Nôm : giưa 荼
莎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːl) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : so¹ • Middle-Chinese : swa ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄟ Cyperus rotundus • a kind of tree • to wither • Alternative form of 蓑 ‖ Used in personal names , place names and transcription. ‖ Only used in 捼莎. 莎 • (sa) · 莎 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa) Hán-Nôm : toa • Hán-Nôm : sa 莎
莒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kí • Middle-Chinese : kjoX taro • (～國) state of Ju during the Zhou dynasty • (～縣) Ju County in Shandong province • a surname 莒 • (geo) · 莒 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke) 莒
莓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : m̂ • Middle-Chinese : mwoj • Middle-Chinese : mwojH • Middle-Chinese : mjuwH moss • berry ‖ 莓(いちご) or 莓(イチゴ) • (ichigo) strawberry ‖ Alternative spelling of 苺 (“strawberry”) 莓 • (mae) · 莓 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may) 莓
莖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːŋ, *qreːŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kja-ŋ (“foot”) (STEDT), whence Tibetan རྐང་པ (rkang pa, “foot; leg; stem; stalk”). \ 脛 (OC *ɡeːŋs, “lower leg”) is also compared to the above Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemma. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːŋ, *qreːŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ). \ Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kja-ŋ (“foot”) (STEDT), whence Tibetan རྐང་པ (rkang pa, “foot; leg; stem; stalk”). \ 脛 (OC *ɡeːŋs, “lower leg”) is also compared to the above Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemma. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwaang² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huâinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : king • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Middle-Chinese : heang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Middle-Chinese : 'eang stem; stalk; something like a stalk • ^† tall and straight • ^† pillar • ^† (traditional Chinese medicine) penis • ^† handle • Classifier for strips or stalks of objects. ‖ Only used in 姚莖／姚茎. stem • stalk 莖 • (gyeong) · 莖 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) Hán-Nôm : hành • Hán-Nôm : kinh 莖
莘 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ • Middle-Chinese : srin ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Middle-Chinese : srin long • numerous • a surname • (～縣) Shen County, a county in Shandong. ‖ a type of marsh plant whose root is used for medicine long • numerous • marsh plant whose root is used for medicine 莘 • (sin) · 莘 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin) long • numerous • a marsh plant whose root is used for medicine 莘
莞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 完 (OC *ɦŋoːn). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaan¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwan • Middle-Chinese : hwan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuán ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hwaenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wun⁵ a type of long-stem watergrass, possibly the softstem rush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) or Shichito matgrass (Cyperus malaccensis) • mat woven using this kind of grass • a surname ‖ Used in 東莞／东莞 (Dōngguǎn, “Dongguan”); also used as its short form. ‖ smiling ‖ Alternative form of 脘 (wǎn, “gastric cavity”) 莞 • (gwan, wan) · 莞 • (gwan, wan) (hangeul 관, 완, revised gwan, wan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, wan, Yale kwan, wan) Hán-Nôm : hoàn 莞
莠 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : yuwX Setaria viridis (green foxtail, green bristlegrass, wild foxtail millet) • (figurative) bad (one) 莠 • (yu) · 莠 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) 莠
莢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Middle-Chinese : kep pods of leguminous plants • (Hokkien) Classifier for pod of legumes. • (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for bananas. pod • hull • husk • shell • case 莢 (eumhun 꼬투리 협 (kkoturi hyeop)) pod (of soybean) • Lespedeza cuneata 莢
菁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsleŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshenn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshinn • Middle-Chinese : tsjeng (literary, obsolete) garlic chive flowers (Allium tuberosum) • (literary, obsolete) flowers • Brassica • Used in 菁菁 (jīngjīng, “luxuriant”). • (Southern Min) betel nut • (Eastern Min) common reed 菁 • (cheong) · 菁 • (cheong) (hangeul 청, revised cheong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏng, Yale cheng) Hán-Nôm : thanh • Hán-Nôm : tinh 菁
菅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːn) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn) – a type of grass. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuann • Middle-Chinese : kaen ^† a variety of grass • a surname ‖ 菅(すげ) or 菅(スゲ) • (suge) ‖ 菅(すが) • (suga) ‖ 菅(すが) • (Suga) ‖ 菅(かん) • (kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?) ‖ 菅(かん) • (Kan) ^(←くわん (kwan)?) ‖ a sedge ‖ (rare or in compounds) a sedge ‖ a surname ‖ a variety of grass • Sugawara no Michizane ‖ a surname 菅 • (gwan) · 菅 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan) Hán-Nôm : gian 菅
菰 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷaː) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 孤 (OC *kʷaː). Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : ku Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia) 菰 • (go) · 菰 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) Hán-Nôm : cô 菰
菸 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Middle-Chinese : 'joH • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩ to fade; to wither; to wilt ‖ a kind of smelly grass 菸
菽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯwɢ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nuk (“bean, eye”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *(s-)nok (“bean”) (whence Burmese ပဲနောက် (pai:nauk, “bean”), Lahu nɔ̂ʔ, etc.), Jingpho nòʔ. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : syuwk beans and peas collectively; pulse; legume 菽 • (suk) · 菽 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk) beans, peas (literary) 菽
萃 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dzwijH to gather; to collect; to assemble • gathering; group • to stop; to halt • Alternative form of 悴 (cuì) collect • gather • assemble 萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) · 萃 • (chwe, chwi, chae) (hangeul 췌, 취, 채, revised chwe, chwi, chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'we, ch'wi, ch'ae, Yale chwey, chwi, chay) Hán-Nôm : tụy • Hán-Nôm : tuỵ 萃
萊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâi • Middle-Chinese : loj • Middle-Chinese : lojH goosefoot • weed (wild grass) • fallow field • (historical) an ancient Dongyi state conquered by Qi goosefoot • overgrown field 萊 (eumhun 명아주 래 (myeong'aju rae), word-initial (South Korea) 명아주 내 (myeong'aju nae)) Hán-Nôm : lai • Hán-Nôm : lài 萊
萋 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cai¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshej (of vegetation) luxuriant; lush; abundant • Used in 萋斐. 萋 • (cheo) · 萋 • (cheo) (hangeul 처, revised cheo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏ, Yale che) 萋
萱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷan) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 宣 (OC *sqʰon). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hyun¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjwon ^† daylily (Hemerocallis flava) • ^† mother 萱 (eum 훤 (hwon)) Hán-Nôm : hiên • Hán-Nôm : huyên 萱
萵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qloːl) : semantic 艹 (“herbage”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : meh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o lettuce 萵 • (wa) · 萵 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa) Hán-Nôm : oa 萵
萸 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yu Only used in 茱萸 (zhūyú). 萸 • (yu) · 萸 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) 萸
萼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngak calyx ‖ 萼(がく) • (gaku) ‖ 萼(うてな) • (utena) calyx • cup ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals) ‖ (botany) a calyx (collective term for sepals) 萼 • (ak) · 萼 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak) 萼
葦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯlʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯlʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hjw+jX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ ^⁜ reed; rush ‖ Alternative form of 緯／纬 (wěi, “to weave”) 葦 • (wi) · 葦 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi) reed canonical : 葦: Hán Việt readings: vy • canonical : vĩ 葦: Nôm readings: vi chữ Hán form of vy (“reed”). 葦
葩 Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːr (“bloom, flower”); compare Burmese ပန်း (pan:) or Zaiwa pan²¹. Probably the same etymon as 瓣 (OC *breːns, “petal”) (Schusessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pha • Middle-Chinese : phae ^† flower • ^† beautiful • (Southern Min) Classifier for lamps. • (Southern Min) Classifier for things that are strung together. 葩 (eum 파 (pa)) Hán-Nôm : ba 葩
葱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰloːŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 怱 (OC *sʰloːŋ). ‖ 葱(ねぎ) or 葱(ネギ) • (negi) (counter 本) leek • scallion, green onion ‖ scallion, leek 葱 • (chong) · 葱 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong) 葱
葷 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ (Buddhism) strong-smelling vegetables, such as spring onion, garlic and garlic chives • meat or fish dishes (as opposed to vegetarian dishes) • (figurative) low-class; obscene; vulgar; dirty ‖ Only used in 葷粥／荤粥 and 葷鬻／荤鬻. strong smelling • strong smelling vegetable, esp. garlic, onion, Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum), Chinese scallion (Allium chinense), Allium macrostemon (Japanese garlic) • meat diet 葷 • (hun) · 葷 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun) meat diet • strong smelling Hán-Nôm : huân • Hán-Nôm : hôi 葷
蒐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Middle-Chinese : srjuw (literary) madder (Rubia cordifolia) • (literary) to hunt in spring (or autumn) • (archaic) to review troops • (archaic) to conceal; to hide • (alt. form 搜) to gather; to collect; to assemble • (alt. form 搜) to seek; to look for; to search for to collect, to gather • collection 蒐 • (su) · 蒐 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) Hán-Nôm : sưu • Hán-Nôm : cói 蒐
蒞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁶ to attend; to arrive (in an official function or ceremony) • to manage 蒞 • (ri>i) · 蒞 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i) 蒞
蒿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : e • Hokkien · Tai-lo : er • Middle-Chinese : xaw Artemisia (mugwort; wormwood; sagebrush) • (in compounds) an Artemisia-like plant • evaporating; emitting (scents) • Alternative form of 耗 (“to consume; to use up”) • Used in 蒿目. • a surname: Hao wormwood 蒿 (eumhun 쑥 호 (ssuk ho)) mugwort canonical : 蒿: Hán Việt readings: hao 蒿: Nôm readings: khao chữ Hán form of hao (“artemisia”). • Nôm form of khao (“garland chrysanthemum”). 蒿
蓀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *suːn) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 孫 (OC *suːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹ • Middle-Chinese : swon (literary) sweet flag (Acorus) • Used in 溪蓀／溪荪. 蓀 • (so) · 蓀 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) 蓀
蓆 See 席 (OC *ljaːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshio̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Middle-Chinese : zjek woven mat made of bamboo strips or grass 蓆 • (seok) · 蓆 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek) 蓆
蓓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puē • Middle-Chinese : bojX Only used in 蓓蕾 (bèilěi, “flower bud”). 蓓 • (bae) · 蓓 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae, Yale pay) 蓓
蔔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 匐 (OC *bɯːɡ, *bɯɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄅㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pa̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ta̍k • Middle-Chinese : bok carrot daikon 蔔 • (bok) · 蔔 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok) Hán-Nôm : bặc • Hán-Nôm : bốc 蔔
蔣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiúnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiónn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiáng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjang A Warring States-era state in modern-day Henan, China • a surname • Alternative form of 獎／奖 (jiǎng) ‖ Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia) Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia, or Hydropyrum latifolium) 蔣 • (jang) · 蔣 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia, or Hydropyrum latifolium) Hán-Nôm : tưởng 蔣
蔭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯms) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 陰 (OC *qrɯm). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯms) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 陰 (OC *qrɯm). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'imH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ìm • Middle-Chinese : 'imH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg shade of a tree; shadow • a surname ‖ without sunlight, cool and wet • to hide from view; to conceal; to cover • to protect; to shelter • favor from one's ancestors • (obsolete) cellar, darkroom ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 影 ‖ 蔭(いん) • (in) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on) ‖ 蔭(おん) • (on) ‖ shade of the tree; shadow of the sun • backing; assistance; shelter • (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) benefit (such as position, rank) from one's ancestor ‖ (historical) under the Ritsuryō system, 蔭 • (eum) · 蔭 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um) 蔭
蕃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pan, *ban) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 番 (OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban). \ The same word as 繁 (OC *ban). Cognate with Tibetan དཔལ (dpal, “glory; splendor; abundance; magnificence”) (Unger, 1986). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huân • Middle-Chinese : bjon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huan • Middle-Chinese : pjon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : faan¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³ (literary) luxuriant; lush • (literary) abundant; numerous • (literary) to breed; to multiply; to proliferate ‖ Alternative form of 藩 (“to shield; to protect”) ‖ Alternative form of 番 (“foreign”) ‖ Only used in 吐蕃 (Tǔbō, “(historical) Tibet”) and 土蕃 (“(historical) Tibet”). ‖ 蕃(ばん) • (ban) ^(←ばん (ban)?) grow thick and full (of plant growth) • multiply, increase ‖ barbarian • (historical, Taiwan under Japanese rule, specifically) aboriginal 蕃 • (beon) · 蕃 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen) Hán-Nôm : phen • Hán-Nôm : phên • Hán-Nôm : phiên 蕃
蕙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷiːds) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 惠 (OC *ɢʷiːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : hwejH orchid 蕙 • (hye) · 蕙 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey) canonical : 蕙: Hán Việt readings: huệ 蕙: Nôm readings: huệ chữ Hán form of huệ (“tuberose, a species of fragrant white flower”). 蕙
蕨 Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan སྐྱས་མ (skyas ma) ~ སྐྱེས་མ (skyes ma, “fern”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) ‖ 蕨(わらび) or 蕨(ワラビ) • (warabi) ‖ 蕨(わらび) • (Warabi) ‖ bracken (any of several coarse ferns) ‖ Warabi (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan) 蕨 • (gwol) · 蕨 • (gwol) (hangeul 궐, revised gwol, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, Yale kwel) 蕨
蕩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǒng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tňg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tn̄g • Middle-Chinese : dangX • Middle-Chinese : thangH to sway; to swing • (literary, or in compounds) to wash away; to cleanse • (literary, or in compounds) to clear away; to eliminate • to wander; to roam • (literary, or in compounds) vast and wide; broad and expansive • (literary, or in compounds) flat; level; smooth • (literary, or in compounds) unconstrained and doing whatever one wants 蕩 (eumhun 방탕할 탕 (bangtanghal tang)) hanja form of 탕 (“wander”) Hán-Nôm : đãng • Hán-Nôm : đảng • Hán-Nôm : đẵng • Hán-Nôm : thững • Hán-Nôm : dãng • Hán-Nôm : vảng 蕩
蕪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Middle-Chinese : mju full of weed; overgrown with weed [from Old Chinese] • disused cropland; thickly-grown grassland; weed-choked land [from Old Chinese] • (figurative) of a turgid literary style [from Middle Chinese] ‖ 蕪(かぶ) • (kabu) ‖ 蕪(かぶら) • (kabura) turnip ‖ turnip ‖ turnip 蕪 • (mu) · 蕪 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu) Hán-Nôm : vu 蕪
蕭 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sew (obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi) • desolate; bleak • (obsolete) Alternative form of 肅／肃 (“respectful”) • (～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui) • (～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China) • a surname 蕭 • (so) · 蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) Hán-Nôm : tiêu 蕭
薑 Originally 䕬, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ). \ Note that the simplified form 姜 (OC *klaŋ) is also a traditional character on its own. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kjaŋ (“ginger”). Compare Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiaunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang • Middle-Chinese : kjang ginger ginger 薑 • (gang) · 薑 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang) Hán-Nôm : gừng • Hán-Nôm : khương • Hán-Nôm : cưng ‖ ‖ Nôm form of gừng (“ginger”). 薑
薔 ;Etymology 1 \ ;Etymology 2 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄜˋ • Middle-Chinese : srik Only used in 薔薇／蔷薇 (qiángwēi). ‖ (obsolete) hydropiper (Persicaria hydropiper) • a surname 薔 (eumhun 장미 장 (jangmi jang)) ‖ 薔 (eumhun 물여뀌 색 (muryeokkwi saek)) hanja form of 장 (“rose”) ‖ hanja form of 색 (“hydropiper”) Hán-Nôm : tường • Hán-Nôm : sắc 薔
薛 Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Middle-Chinese : sjet kind of marsh grass • name of a feudal state • a surname 薛 • (seol) · 薛 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel) canonical : 薛: Hán Việt readings: tiết • canonical : tuyết 薛: Nôm readings: tiết 薛
薜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːɡs, *preːɡ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pē • Middle-Chinese : bejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baak³ • Middle-Chinese : peak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄞˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ Used in 薜荔 (bìlì) and 薜羅／薜罗. • ^‡ type of grass • a surname. ‖ Angelica sinensis (type of medicinal herb) • mountain hemp (Ribes manshuricum) ‖ Alternative form of 劈 (“to rupture”) ‖ ^‡ type of aquatic plant ‖ Alternative form of 僻 (“remote; secluded”) 薜 • (byeok, pye) · 薜 • (byeok, pye) (hangeul 벽, 폐, revised byeok, pye, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, p'ye, Yale pyek, phyey) Hán-Nôm : bệ 薜
薦 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and jiajie (假借) : 艸 (“grass”) + 廌 (“wild beast”) - "pasture". Later borrowed for sound to mean "recommend". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiān • Middle-Chinese : tsenH to offer; to present • to recommend; to suggest; to endorse • (literary) to sacrifice • (literary) sacrifice; offering • (alt. form 荐) fodder grass • (alt. form 荐) straw mat • (alt. form 荐) repeatedly • (anatomy) Alternative name for 骶 (dǐ, “sacrum”). recommend, advise • mat 薦 • (cheon) · 薦 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) Hán-Nôm : tiến 薦
薩 Evolved from some variant of 薛. \ The surname originated from the Hui artist 薩都剌 (Sadula) in Yuan dynasty and was clipping of his original name. Cantonese · Jyutping : saat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Middle-Chinese : sat Short for 菩薩／菩萨 (púsà). • a surname ‖ 薩(さつ) • (satsu) ^(←さつ (satu)?) ‖ Short for 薩摩 (Satsuma, “Satsuma (a former domain in Japan)”). 薩 • (sal) · 薩 • (sal) (hangeul 살, revised sal, McCune–Reischauer sal, Yale sal) Hán-Nôm : tát 薩
薰 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun, *qʰuns) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hun • Middle-Chinese : xjun • Middle-Chinese : xjunH fragrance of flowers • coumarou, tonka bean • (Min) cigarette; smoke (Classifier: 支 mn) • to smoke • to cauterize smoke • scent • parfume • smolder 薰 • (hun) · 薰 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun) Hán-Nôm : huân 薰
藐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mawʔ, *mraːwɢ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 貌 (OC *mreːwɢs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : miu⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biáu • Middle-Chinese : mjiewX • Middle-Chinese : maewk ^† small; young • ^† to look down on; to think little of • ^† Alternative form of 邈 (miǎo, “faraway; distant”) 藐 • (myo) · 藐 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo) Hán-Nôm : miểu • Hán-Nôm : diểu 藐
藪 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sóo • Middle-Chinese : suwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau³ shallow lake overgrown with wild plants • gathering place ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka) Alternative form of 竇／窦 (dòu, “nest; den; home”) (chiefly used in place names.) ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (yabu) ‖ 藪(やぶ) • (Yabu) thicket, grove, copse • collection ‖ a thicket, grove, copse (as of trees, shrubs, or bamboo) • Short for 藪医者 (yabu isha): a poor doctor • Short for 藪入り (yabuiri): a holiday granted to servants on the 16th day of the first and seventh months • Short for 藪睨み (yabunirami): a squint; a misguided thinking or view • Short for 藪蕎麦 (yabusoba): a type of soba made from green buckwheat without the endocarp removed; a shop selling soba in this method ‖ a surname 藪 • (su) · 藪 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 藪
藹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ái • Middle-Chinese : 'ajH amiable; nice; kind • (literary) lush; exuberant • a surname 藹 • (ae) · 藹 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay) 藹
藺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Middle-Chinese : linH (obsolete) common rush; soft rush • a surname ‖ 藺(い) • (i) ^(←ゐ (wi)?) rush, used for tatami covers ‖ a bulrush, a rush 藺 • (rin>in) · 藺 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in) Hán-Nôm : lận 藺
蘆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raː, *ra) : semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : lu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Middle-Chinese : ljo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ reed • root of shepherd's purse • Used in 蘆菔／芦菔 (lúfú). • Used in 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu). • a surname ‖ Only used in 漏蘆／漏芦 (lòulú). ‖ Only used in 油葫蘆／油葫芦 (yóuhúlú). reed, rush (plant) 蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) · 蘆 • (ro, no, yeo) (hangeul 로, 노, 여, revised ro, no, yeo, McCune–Reischauer ro, no, yŏ, Yale lo, no, ye) Hán-Nôm : lô • Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lựa • Hán-Nôm : tuấn 蘆
蘊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quns) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 縕. \ Compare 韞／韫 (yùn). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ùn • Middle-Chinese : 'jun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan¹ (literary) to accumulate; to hold in store; to contain • (literary) profoundness; profundity • (Buddhism) skandha ‖ mare's tail, water plants of the genus Hippuris ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(うん) • (un) ‖ 蘊(おさむ) • (Osamu) ^(←をさむ (wosamu)?) pile up • deep inside • aggregate ‖ pile up; gather; accumulate • depths; bottom; interior • (Buddhism) skandha (aggregate) ‖ abundance, plentifulness • (Buddhism) a skandha (aggregate) ‖ a male given name 蘊 • (on) · 蘊 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on) Hán-Nôm : uẩn • Hán-Nôm : uẫn 蘊
蘋 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pông ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin Used in 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). • Used in 蘋婆／苹婆 (píngpó, “Chinese chestnut”). ‖ water clover, clover fern (family Marsileaceae) 蘋 • (bin) · 蘋 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) Hán-Nôm : tần • Hán-Nôm : tằn • Hán-Nôm : thài 蘋
蘚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin² • Middle-Chinese : sjenX lichen, moss 蘚 • (seon) · 蘚 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen) Hán-Nôm : tiển 蘚
蘸 Unknown. ‖ Vernacular reading of 染 (MC nyemX, “to dye; to be stained with”) (Bai, 2003). ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàm • Middle-Chinese : tsreamH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jaam² ‖ to dip in; to submerge in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Cantonese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.) ‖ (Taishanese) to dip in (sauce, ink, etc.) 蘸
蘿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Middle-Chinese : la (botany) creeping or trailing plants ‖ 蘿(かげ) • (kage) creeper ‖ wolf's-foot clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum) 蘿 • (ra>na) · 蘿 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na) Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : lá leaf 蘿
虔 According to the Shuowen Jiezi, Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡren) : phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn) + semantic 虍. \ According to Li Xueqin (2012), the phonetic component is instead 虍 (OC *qʰaː). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiân • Middle-Chinese : gjen ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kian reverent; devout; pious; respectful; sincere • (obsolete) looking like a tiger walking; strong; powerful • ^† to kill; to slaughter; to murder • ^† to plunder; to loot; to seize • a surname ‖ (chiefly Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Alternative form of 堅／坚 (“to congeal; to encrust”) respect 虔 (eumhun 공경할 건 (gonggyeonghal geon)) Hán-Nôm : kiền 虔
虚 emptiness, void • falsehood, lie 虚
虧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷral) : phonetic 雐 (OC *qʰʷlaː) + semantic 亏 (“exhale”). \ ; “quecto-” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khui • Middle-Chinese : khjwe to lose; to suffer losses • to be lacking; to be deficient • to treat unfairly • luckily; it is fortunate that; thanks to • used to show irony with a note of reproach • (Cantonese) weak; unhealthy • (Cantonese) not very functional; easy to break • (Mainland China) quecto- (SI unit prefix) wane (moon) 虧 • (hyu) · 虧 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu) lose, fail • damage • deficient Hán-Nôm : khuy • Hán-Nôm : khuya • Hán-Nôm : khuây 虧
虱 ‖ 虱(しらみ) or 虱(シラミ) • (shirami) louse ‖ a sucking louse, especially the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) 虱 • (seul) · 虱 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul) 虱
蚕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : thenX Only used in 蜸蚕 (qiǎntiǎn, “earthworm”). ‖ 蚕(かいこ) or 蚕(カイコ) • (kaiko) ^(←かひこ (kafiko)?) ‖ 蚕(こ) • (ko) silkworm ‖ the silkworm (Bombyx mori) • the larva of a silkworm • sericulture • (slang, used by criminals) silk (of clothing) ‖ (obsolete) silkworm 蚕 • (cheon, jam) · 蚕 • (cheon, jam) (hangeul 천, 잠, revised cheon, jam, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, cham, Yale chen, cam) 蚕
蚩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tsyhi (literary) ignorant; stupid; rude; rustic • (literary) Alternative form of 媸 (chī, “ugly”) • (literary) Alternative form of 嗤 (chī, “to jeer at; to sneer”) • ^‡ a kind of worm (Shuowen) • a surname 蚩 • (chi) · 蚩 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) Hán-Nôm : si • Hán-Nôm : xi 蚩
蚱 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsà • Middle-Chinese : tsraek Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), etc. 蚱 (eum 책 (chaek)) 蚱
蚶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢaːm, *ɢaːm) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ham • Middle-Chinese : xam ark clam ark shell 蚶
蛆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsa, *sʰa) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshjo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjo maggot • (figurative, derogatory) despicable person • (Southern Min, Puxian Min) wriggler; wiggler; mosquito larva • (Taiwan, neologism, slang, derogatory) supporters of Kuomintang (KMT) ‖ Only used in 蝍蛆 (jíjū). 蛆 (eum 저 (jeo)) 蛆
蛔 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huê Used in 蛔蟲／蛔虫 (huíchóng). • tapeworm • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, derogatory) Muslim intestinal worms 蛔 • (hoe) · 蛔 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy) Hán-Nôm : hồi 蛔
蛟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːw) : semantic 虫 (“creature”) + phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw). \ Possibly connected with Burmese ခြူး (hkru:, “a type of beast”) and Tibetan ཀླུ (klu, “serpent, naga”) (Schuessler, 2007). However, Schuessler (2007) notices phonological differences between Old Chinese and Written Tibetan. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew (～龍) (Chinese mythology) mythical flood dragon • aquatic reptile, including the soft-shelled turtle and the alligator • Alternative form of 鮫／鲛 (jiāo, “shark”) A Water Spirit, generally portrayed as a dragon. 蛟 • (gyo) · 蛟 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : giao 蛟
蛭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs) \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-liːt (“leech (water-, horse-)”) (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsyit • Middle-Chinese : trit • Middle-Chinese : tet leech ‖ 蛭(ひる) or 蛭(ヒル) • (hiru) ‖ a leech 蛭 • (jil) · 蛭 • (jil) (hangeul 질, revised jil, McCune–Reischauer chil, Yale cil) (거머리) leech Hán-Nôm : điệt 蛭
蛮 Simplified from 蠻 (龻 → 𰁜) barbarian 蛮 • (man) · 蛮 • (man) (hangeul 만, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man) 蛮
蛹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX (biology) pupa, chrysalis chrysalis, pupa 蛹 • (yong) · 蛹 • (yong) (hangeul 용) (번데기): pupa, chrysalis Hán-Nôm : dũng • Hán-Nôm : nhộng • Hán-Nôm : dõng • Hán-Nôm : thuồng 蛹
蜃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins) : phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn) + semantic 虫 (“insect”). \ May also be an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) , with 辰 possibly being an agricultural tool made from clam, see there for more. \ Possibly related to 辰 (OC *djɯn, “5th earthly branch; dragon”) (Schuessler, 2007); see there for more. \ Carr (1990) organizes characters in the 辰 phonetic series into two groups, one of which is "dragon", which includes 蜃 as well as 晨 (OC *djɯn, “dragon star”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sǐn • Middle-Chinese : dzyinX • Middle-Chinese : dzyinH a type of large shellfish; a type of large bivalve; clam • (mythology) the shen, a shapeshifting aquatic monster originally imagined as a clam and later as a type of dragon • (historical) ritual vessel painted with images of clam • (historical) Short for 蜃炭. 蜃 • (sin) · 蜃 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin) Hán-Nôm : thận • Hán-Nôm : thẩn • Hán-Nôm : thằn 蜃
蜇 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'ed) : phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed) + semantic 虫 (“insect; creature”). \ Possibly related to 蠆 (OC *m̥ʰraːds, “scorpion”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat • Middle-Chinese : trjet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiat (of bees, scorpions, etc.) to sting; to bite • to sting; to smart ‖ jellyfish 蜇
蜕 蜕 • (se) · 蜕 • (se) (hangeul 세, revised se, McCune–Reischauer se, Yale sey) 蜕
蜢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mé • Middle-Chinese : maengX Only used in 蚱蜢 (zhàměng), 草蜢 (cǎoměng) etc. 蜢
蜥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : sek Only used in 蜥蜴 (xīyì); also used as its short form. 蜥 • (seok) · 蜥 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek) Hán-Nôm : tích 蜥
蜴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yek Used in compounds. 蜴 • (cheok) · 蜴 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : dịch 蜴
蜿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Middle-Chinese : 'jwon • Middle-Chinese : 'wan • Middle-Chinese : 'jwonX meandering 蜿 • (won) · 蜿 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen) 蜿
蝕 Same word as 食 (OC *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ, “to eat”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ From 折. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Middle-Chinese : zyik ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sit⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si̍h to corrode; to erode • (astronomy) to eclipse • (Hokkien) to wane; to fade away; to regress; to dissipate ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Wu) to lose money • (Cantonese) to have struck a bad bargain; to be at a disadvantage; to lose out • (Cantonese) to wear due to constant friction ‖ 蝕(しょく) • (shoku) ‖ eclipse; erosion, corrosion 蝕 • (sik) · 蝕 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik) Hán-Nôm : thực 蝕
蝦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰraː, *ɡraː) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ). \ Related to 赮 (OC *ɡraː, “red”), 霞 (OC *ɡraː, “rosy clouds”), 瑕 (OC *ɡraː, “jade with some red”) (Wang, 1982). \ ;“fan of Xiao Zhan” ‖ ‖ Compare Zhuang ha (“to intimidate; to bully”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hae ‖ shrimp; prawn; lobster (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 尾 m mn) • to bend; to curve; to flex • (slang) fan of Xiao Zhan ‖ Only used in 蝦蟆／虾蟆. ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Southwestern Mandarin, Zhongshan Min) to bully; to pick on shrimp, prawn, lobster 蝦 • (ha) · 蝦 • (ha) (hangeul 하, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha) Hán-Nôm : hà 蝦
蝨 Characters in the same phonetic series (卂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sriɡ) : phonetic 卂 (OC *sins, *tods) + semantic 䖵. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ik (“louse”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siat • Middle-Chinese : srit louse • (literary, figurative) parasite ‖ 蝨(しらみ) or 蝨(シラミ) • (shirami) sucking louse ‖ Alternative spelling of 虱 (“sucking louse”) 蝨 • (seul) · 蝨 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul) canonical : 蝨: Hán Việt readings: sắt 蝨
蝸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːl, *kʷroːl) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kroj (“shellfish, shell”). From the same root derives 螺 (OC *roːl, “aquatic snail”). \ Perhaps related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *kloʔ (“snail, shellfish”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Middle-Chinese : kwea • Middle-Chinese : kwae terrestrial snail snail 蝸 • (wa) · 蝸 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa, Yale wa) Hán-Nôm : oa 蝸
螂 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : long⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bông • Middle-Chinese : ljang • Middle-Chinese : lang Used in compounds. mantis 螂 • (rang>nang) · 螂 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang) Hán-Nôm : lang 螂
螞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ). \ Traditionally thought to be the same word as 馬 (OC *mraːʔ, “horse > big”). \ Mei (1985) proposes that it is derived from 蝱 (OC *mraːŋ, “horsefly”), which he relates to Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : má • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bée ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maa¹ A prefix used in insect names. ‖ Only used in 螞蚱／蚂蚱 (màzha). ‖ Only used in 螞螂／蚂螂 (mālang). 螞 • (ma) · 螞 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma) (말거머리) horse-leech (Haemopis sanguisuga) 螞
螟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : meng 螟 • (myeong) · 螟 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng) 螟 (minh) 螟
螫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰjaːɡ) : phonetic 赦 (OC *hljaɡs) + semantic 虫 (“bug”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshioh • Middle-Chinese : syek (literary or Hokkien) to sting; to bite (of venomous insects such as spiders, bees, etc.) • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to use one's beak to bite or tug (of ducks, geese, etc.) 螫
螳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tông • Middle-Chinese : dang praying mantis 螳 • (dang) · 螳 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) 螳
螻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw mole cricket 螻 • (ru>nu) · 螻 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu) 螻
蟈 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwok³ • Middle-Chinese : kweak Alternative form of 蜮 (yù, “legendary creature that has three legs and harms humans”) ‖ frog or toad small green frog • cicada 蟈
蟑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng¹ Only used in 蟑螂 (zhāngláng). canonical : 蟑: Hán Việt readings: chương 蟑: Nôm readings: chương chữ Hán form of chương (“cockroach (chương lang/蟑螂)”). 蟑
蟒 Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-lja(ŋ/k) (“python”), whence Proto-Loloish *laŋ¹ (“snake”), Proto-Karen *g-laŋ (“python”) (Handel, 1997; STEDT). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mong⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bóng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : báng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ python ‖ 蟒 • (mang) · 蟒 • (mang) (hangeul 망, revised mang, McCune–Reischauer mang, Yale mang) 蟒
蟬 Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djan) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans). Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâm • Middle-Chinese : dzyen cicada (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (literary) a type of silk as thin as a cicada's wing • (literary) cicada-shaped decoration • (literary) continuously; unendingly cicada • continuous 蟬 • (seon) · 蟬 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen) cicada Hán-Nôm : thiền 蟬
蟯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjew, *ʔŋew) : semantic 虫 (“worm”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liô • Middle-Chinese : nyew • Middle-Chinese : 'jiew ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngia̍uh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiauh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiáu Only used in 蟯蟲／蛲虫 (náochóng). • (Hokkien) clam • (Mainland China Hokkien) bivalve-like seafood • (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) female genitalia; vulva ‖ (Hokkien) to wriggle; to squirm • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nitpick; to probe (someone's mistakes, etc.) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, humorous) to pass away; to die 蟯 • (yo) · 蟯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) 蟯
蟹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːʔ) : phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs) + semantic 虫. Originally written as 蠏. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”). Compare S'gaw Karen ဆွဲၣ် (hsweh̀). \ ; “to decrease in value’ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi • Middle-Chinese : heaX crab (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Cantonese, slang, of stocks, goods, etc.) to decrease in value, such that selling it will result in loss ‖ 蟹(かに) or 蟹(カニ) • (kani) ‖ a crab (infraorder Brachyura) 蟹 (eumhun 게 해 (ge hae)) crab Hán-Nôm : giải 蟹
蟻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋralʔ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k/p/s-rwak. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiǎ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gí • Middle-Chinese : ngjeX ant (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (literary) foam or sediment in wine; lees • (literary) humble; inconsiderable • (literary) black • (literary) in an assembled manner • a surname ‖ 蟻(あり) or 蟻(アリ) • (ari) ‖ 蟻(ぎ) • (gi) ‖ 蟻(ありのこ) • (arinoko) ant ‖ ant ‖ ant ‖ (obsolete) an ant, particularly one without wings • (obsolete) an ant egg or larva 蟻 (eumhun 개미 의 (gaemi ui)) ‖ ‖ 蟻(あみ) (ami) hanja form of 의 (“ant”) ‖ 蟻 \ • 蟻 \ ‖ ant Hán-Nôm : nghĩ • Hán-Nôm : nghị 蟻
蠅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·lɯŋ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 黽 (OC *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *mreːŋʔ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b-(r/j)aŋ (“fly; bee”). Compare 虻 (OC mˁraŋ, “"horsefly"”), Tibetan སྦྲང་བུ (sbrang bu, “bee”), Burmese ယင် (yang, “fly”), Chepang याङ् (“insect; fly”), Japhug ɣʑo (“bee”) (STEDT; Coblin, 1986; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sîn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : ying fly; housefly ‖ 蠅(はえ) or 蠅(ハエ) • (hae) ^(←はへ (fafe)?) ‖ Kyūjitai form of 蝿 (“fly”) (insect of the family Muscidae) 蠅 (eum 승 (seung)) 蠅
蠍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰad) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 歇 (OC *qʰad). Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giat • Middle-Chinese : xjot scorpion ‖ 蠍(さそり) or 蠍(サソリ) • (sasori) scorpion ‖ a scorpion (any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones) 蠍 • (gal) · 蠍 • (gal) (hangeul 갈) Hán-Nôm : hiết • Hán-Nôm : hạt • Hán-Nôm : yết 蠍
蠔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 豪 (OC *ɡaːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ô oyster 蠔 • (ho) · 蠔 • (ho) (hangeul 호, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : hàu • Hán-Nôm : hầu oyster 蠔
蠟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːb) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 巤 (OC *rab). \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-krjap (“bug; ant; insect (lac); cochineal”); cognate with Burmese ချိပ် (hkyip, “lac”), Proto-Loloish *C-gripᴸ (“lac; pine”), Jingpho krep (“bedbug”), Proto-Kiranti *khrep (“bug; ant”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). \ However, this word is not attested until the 2nd to 3rd century (Ferlus, 2012b) (earliest attested in Comments of a Recluse (潛夫論) by Wang Fu (王符)). It may instead be a borrowing from Proto-Vietic *k-raːp (“wax”) (Ferlus, 2012; Jacques, 2016b). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p • Middle-Chinese : lap wax • candle (Classifier: 根 m; 枝 m) • light yellow ‖ wax • candle • waxy • glazed ‖ 蠟 (eumhun 밀 랍 (mil rap), word-initial (South Korea) 밀 납 (mil nap)) hanja form of 랍/납 (“wax”) • hanja form of 랍/납 (“candle”) Hán-Nôm : rệp • Hán-Nôm : lạp • Hán-Nôm : sáp 蠟
蠡 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Middle-Chinese : lje • Middle-Chinese : lwa • Middle-Chinese : lejX 蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠡 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) Hán-Nôm : lãi 蠡
蠣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·rads) : semantic 虫 (“insect; bug; creature”) + phonetic 厲 (OC *m·rads). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : ljejH oyster oyster 蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) · 蠣 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) Hán-Nôm : lệ • Hán-Nôm : lị 蠣
蠱 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 蟲 (“insects”) + 皿 (“container”) – poisonous insects raised in a container. \ Unclear (Schuessler, 2007). \ “Affair” may be related to 故 (OC *kaːs, “happening; incident”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ (historical) a type of artificially cultivated poisonous insect; the one insect remaining in the vessel where toxic insects are allowed to eat each other • insect that grows on rotting grain; pest; vermin • hot, noxious air that harms people; miasma • to entice; to bewitch • malevolent sorcery, including charms, curses and prayers to evil spirits • affair; matter • 18th hexagram of the I Ching (䷑) ‖ Alternative form of 冶 (yě, “bewitchingly pretty; seductive”) 蠱 • (go) · 蠱 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) 蠱
蠶 Bodman (1980) relates this to Tibetan སྡོམ (sdom, “spider”). Perhaps cognate to 蔪 (OC *zamʔ, “entwine”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Middle-Chinese : dzom silkworm silkworm Hán-Nôm : tàm • Hán-Nôm : tằm 蠶
蠹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːɡs) : phonetic 橐 (OC *tʰaːɡ) + semantic 䖵 (“insect”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou³ • Middle-Chinese : tuH insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. • insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc. · (specifically) silverfish • (figuratively) harmful person; vermin • to erode; to eat away at • moth-eaten; worm-eaten 蠹 • (du) · 蠹 • (du) (hangeul 두, revised du, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu) 蠹
蠻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mroːn) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). \ Possibly related to Burmese မြန်မာ (mranma, “Myanmar; Burma; Burmese”), Tibetan བྲན (bran, “servant, slave”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Middle-Chinese : maen (historical, derogatory) A collective name for all non-Han ethnic groups south of Han areas of China in any given era. • barbarous; savage; uncivilised • rough; rude; unreasonable • rash; hot-headed • valiantly; uncouthly; vulgarly • (colloquial) very; quite barbarian 蠻 (eumhun 오랑캐 만 (orangkae man)) hanja form of 만 (“barbarian”) Hán-Nôm : man • Hán-Nôm : mán • Hán-Nôm : mơn 蠻
衆 ‖ 衆(しゅう) • (shū) ‖ 衆(しゅう) • (-shū) ‖ mass; many people • majority ‖ 衆 (eumhun 무리 중 (muri jung)) hanja form of 중 (“crowd”) 衆
衢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷa) : semantic 行 + phonetic 瞿 (OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kû • Middle-Chinese : gju highway • thoroughfare • intersection crossroads 衢 • (gu) · 衢 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) highway • thoroughfare, intersection Hán-Nôm : cù 衢
袂 ‖ See 𣍐／𫧃. This character is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi • Middle-Chinese : mjiejH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : buē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bē ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn (literary) sleeve ‖ (Hokkien) Alternative form of 𣍐／𫧃 ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 䘼 (“sleeve”) ‖ 袂(たもと) • (tamoto) sleeve • foot (of a hill or mountain) • edge ‖ the sleeve pouch of a kimono or other Japanese clothing • a sleeve • (archaic) the upper arm • the side or edge of something (for example, a bridge) • the foot or base of something (for example, a mountain) 袂 • (mye) · 袂 • (mye) (hangeul 몌, revised mye, McCune–Reischauer mye, Yale myey) 袂
袈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ • Middle-Chinese : kae Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā). 袈 • (ga) · 袈 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka) Hán-Nôm : cà • Hán-Nôm : ca • Hán-Nôm : già 袈
袒 Uncertain. Schuessler (2007) gives several possibilities: \ * Related to 但 (OC *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, “only”) (Pulleyblank, 1991c); \ * Related to 丹 (OC *taːn, “cinnabar; red”), as skin colour is often associated with "red" (Lau, 1999); \ * Related to Tibetan སྟར (star, “to clean; to polish”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thán • Middle-Chinese : danX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : dreanH to bare; to strip oneself naked to the waist • to give unprincipled support; to shield ‖ Original form of 綻／绽 (zhàn, “to split at the seam”). 袒 • (dan, tan) · 袒 • (dan, tan) (hangeul 단, 탄, revised dan, tan, McCune–Reischauer tan, t'an, Yale tan, than) 袒
袞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːnʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *kloːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún imperial robes 袞 • (gon) · 袞 • (gon) (hangeul 곤, revised gon, McCune–Reischauer kon, Yale kon) Hán-Nôm : cổn • Hán-Nôm : gọn 袞
装 装 • (jang) · 装 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) 装
裊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 鳥 (OC *tɯːwʔ) + semantic 衣. \ Originally written 褭, see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : niu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niáu • Middle-Chinese : newX slender and delicate • Used in 裊裊／袅袅 (niǎoniǎo) and 裊娜／袅娜. • Alternative form of 褭／袅 (niǎo) 裊 • (nyo>yo) · 裊 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : nẻo 裊
裔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leds) : semantic 衣 (“cloth”) + phonetic 㕯 (). \ ;border \ ;posterity, descendants Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : è • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ì • Middle-Chinese : yejH descendant; posterity • (literary) edge; brim; margin • (literary) borderland; frontier; remote region • (literary) people of the borderlands • (literary) clothing's edge • a surname ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei) ^(←えい (ei)?) ‖ 裔(えい) • (ei) ^(←えい (ei)?) descendant • border ‖ descendants; offspring ‖ (literary) descendants 裔 • (ye) · 裔 • (ye) (hangeul 예) 裔
裘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷɯ) : phonetic 求 (OC *ɡu) + semantic 衣 (“clothes”). \ Probably Sino-Tibetan. Various comparanda have been proposed: \ * Tibetan གྲུ (gru, “boat (of inflated hides)”) (Bodman, 1980); \ * Tamang [Term?] (¹kuri, “skin”) (Schuessler, 2007); \ * Tibetan གོས (gos, “clothes”), Japhug ŋga (“to wear”) (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiû • Middle-Chinese : gjuw fur coat; fur garment • (literary) to wear a fur coat • (Southern Min) padded jacket; lined jacket • a surname ‖ 裘(かわごろも) • (kawagoromo) ‖ fur coat 裘 • (gu) · 裘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) Hán-Nôm : cừu • Hán-Nôm : cầu 裘
裟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Middle-Chinese : srae Only used in 袈裟 (jiāshā). 裟 • (sa) · 裟 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa) Hán-Nôm : sa 裟
裨 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi • Middle-Chinese : pjie ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pî • Middle-Chinese : bjie to aid; to benefit; to help • (literary) to make up; to remedy; to supplement • (literary) to add to; to complement ‖ (literary) secondary; assistant; minor; small • (literary) second-class formal attire worn in sacrificial rites in ancient China • a surname aid, help 裨 • (bi) · 裨 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) 裨
裴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *buːl, *bɯl) : phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl) + semantic 衣 (“clothing”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puê • Middle-Chinese : bwoj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ • Middle-Chinese : bj+j ^† (of clothing) long • Used in 裴回 • a surname ‖ Only used in 即裴. 裴 (eum 배 (bae)) Hán-Nôm : bùi Chữ Hán form of Bùi (“a surname from Chinese.”). 裴
褓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bou² • Middle-Chinese : pawX (literary) swaddling clothes 褓 • (bo) · 褓 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po, Yale po) 褓
褚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taʔ, *tʰaʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taʔ, *tʰaʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thú • Middle-Chinese : trhjoX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyu⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu² • Middle-Chinese : trjoX a surname ‖ silk wadding; stuffing in clothing • Alternative form of 貯／贮 (zhù, “to collect; to store up; stored goods”) • bag; container for goods bag 褚 • (jeo) · 褚 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) vest • bag canonical : 褚: Hán Việt readings: trử 褚: Nôm readings: chử 褚
褫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci² • Middle-Chinese : drje • Middle-Chinese : drjeX • Middle-Chinese : trhjeX • Middle-Chinese : trhiX to take off • to strip; to deprive 褫 • (chi) · 褫 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) 褫
褲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaːs) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 庫 (OC *kʰaːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khòo • Middle-Chinese : khuH pants; trousers (Classifier: 條／条 c; 領／领 mn) pants, trousers 褲 (eumhun 바지 고 (baji go)) ‖ 褲 (eumhun 사타구니 과 (sataguni gwa)) trousers, pants (US) ‖ (anatomy) groin, crotch Hán-Nôm : khố 褲
褸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roː, *roʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 婁 (OC *ɡ·roː, *ɡ·ro). ‖ From 摟／搂 (lau1, “to drape”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁵ • Middle-Chinese : luw • Middle-Chinese : ljuX ‖ Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ). ‖ (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) coat rag • collar, neck 褸 • (ru>nu) · 褸 • (ru>nu) (hangeul 루>누, revised ru>nu, McCune–Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu) 褸
褻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋed) : phonetic 衣 (OC *qɯl, *qɯls, “clothes”) + semantic 埶. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sit³ • Middle-Chinese : sjet licentious; intimate; light-hearted • disrespectful • (obsolete) close-fitting underwear • (obsolete) casual clothes worn at home ‖ 褻(け) • (ke) (け) informal • (けがす) defile, profane ‖ informal; everyday affairs 褻 • (seol) · 褻 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel) 褻
襄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *snaŋ) : phonetic 𤕦 () + semantic 衣 (Li Xueqin, 2012). \ ; “to remove” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Middle-Chinese : sjang (literary) to aid; to help; to assist • (literary) to accomplish; to achieve; to complete • (literary) to remove • (literary) to raise up; to ascend over • (literary) tall; high • Alternative form of 驤／骧 (xiāng) • Alternative form of 攘 • a surname To rise; raise 襄 (eumhun 도울 양 (doul yang)) Hán-Nôm : tương 襄
襖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːʔ, *quːʔ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 奧 (OC *quːɡs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : áu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ó • Middle-Chinese : 'awX (Chinese-style) coat; jacket ‖ 襖(ふすま) • (fusuma) opaque sliding door ‖ (architecture) fusuma, a sliding panel 襖 • (o) · 襖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o) Hán-Nôm : áo 襖
襠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Middle-Chinese : tang crotch (of pants) • crotch (area between legs) • sleeveless garment; vest; waistcoat ‖ 襠(まち) • (machi) ‖ gusset, gore, godet 襠 • (dang) · 襠 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) 襠
襤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːm) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lam • Middle-Chinese : lam garments without hems • Used in 襤褸／褴褛 (lánlǚ). rag 襤 • (ram>nam) · 襤 • (ram>nam) (hangeul 람>남, revised ram>nam, McCune–Reischauer ram>nam, Yale lam>nam) 襤
襪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mad) : semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 蔑 (OC *meːd, *meːd). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : be̍rh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bue̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bēr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bua̍t • Middle-Chinese : mjot sock; stocking (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 對／对 c) ‖ 襪(しとうず) • (shitōzu) socks ‖ (clothing) ankle-tied silk socks, worn by high nobles in formal court dress and priests. 襪 • (mal) · 襪 • (mal) (hangeul 말, revised mal, McCune–Reischauer mal, Yale mal) (버선 말, beoseon-): socks, footmuffs of Korean tradition 襪
襯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : can³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàn • Middle-Chinese : tsrhinH inner garment • lining; liner • to line; to place underneath • to set off; to serve as a foil; to contrast; to make stand out against the background • (alt. form 儭／𠋆, 嚫／𰈍) to give alms; to donate for charity • (Cantonese) to match (of clothes) 襯 (eum 친 (chin)) Hán-Nôm : sấn 襯
覃 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Middle-Chinese : dom ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam⁴ (obsolete) long • (obsolete) to spread; to extend • (obsolete) to widely bestow • (literary) deep; profound • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 剡 (yǎn, “sharp; pointed”) ‖ a surname deep, extend, large 覃 (eum 담 (dam)) Hán-Nôm : đàm 覃
覓 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爪 (“hand”) + 見 (“to see”). ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ba̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bā • Middle-Chinese : mek ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : bāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi ‖ ‖ to search for; to seek; to hunt out for; to look into; to look out for; to investigate; to explore; to inquire into; to research ‖ (Hokkien) to inspect; to probe; to see; to examine face-to-face; to visit and inquire about • (Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try (used after a verb) ‖ (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) to look for; to seek ‖ (Teochew) Alternative form of 揣 (“to look for; to seek”) 覓 • (myeok) · 覓 • (myeok) (hangeul 멱, revised myeok, McCune–Reischauer myŏk, Yale myek) Hán-Nôm : mạch • Hán-Nôm : mích • Hán-Nôm : mịch 覓
覦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lo, *los) : phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo) + semantic 見 (“to see”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yu • Middle-Chinese : yuH 覦
覬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯls) : phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 見 (“to see”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : kijH coveting high rank 覬 • (gi) · 覬 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) 覬
覲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìnn • Middle-Chinese : ginH to have an audience (with the Emperor, leader, president, etc.) 覲 • (geun) · 覲 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun) Hán-Nôm : cận 覲
触 Unorthodox variant simplified from 觸 (蜀 → 虫) found in the Ming dynasty orthographic dictionary 《字學三正》. Also found in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930. \ Eventually adopted as an official simplified character by the People's Republic of China in the 1956 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme. ‖ Found in the historical Kangxi dictionary published during the Qing dynasty and cited from 《古今注》, a narrative work on ancient China written by 崔豹 during the Western Jin period (265–316 AD). \ The scholars who compiled the Kangxi dictionary may have confused this character with 𩶥 which is visually similar. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ ‖ ^‡ white fish with red tail See also: 魧 • ^‡ type of fish that is male to touch; to contact 触 • (chok) · 触 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok) Hán-Nôm : xúc 触
觴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : syang (literary) wine cup; drinking vessel • (literary) to toast; to drink 觴 (eum 상 (sang)) 觴
訊 Characters in the same phonetic series (卂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sins) : semantic 言 + phonetic 卂 (OC *sins, *tods). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sìn • Middle-Chinese : sinH to inquire; to ask • to question; to interrogate • to call to account; to admonish • to state; to report • message; information; news • (obsolete, poetry) coda; conclusion • (obsolete) captured prisoners ask; question 訊 • (sin) · 訊 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin) Hán-Nôm : tấn 訊
訌 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hōng • Middle-Chinese : huwng confusion; discord; strife; quarrel get confused 訌 • (hong) · 訌 • (hong) (hangeul 홍, revised hong, McCune–Reischauer hong, Yale hong) 訌
訕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːn, *sraːns) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan • Middle-Chinese : sraen • Middle-Chinese : sraenH to mock; to slander • embarrassed; ashamed abuse • slander • vilify • ridicule 訕 • (san) · 訕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) abuse • slander • vilify • ridicule 訕
訖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯd) : semantic 言 + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd). \ See 暨 (jì) for etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gat¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gut • Hokkien · Tai-lo : git • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gert • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kit • Middle-Chinese : kj+t to bring to an end; to complete; to finish; to conclude • finally; at last • all come to an end • reach • arrive at • finally 訖 • (heul) · 訖 • (heul) (hangeul 흘, revised heul, McCune–Reischauer hŭl, Yale hul) 訖
訛 Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋʷaːl) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls) \ Related to 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls, “to change”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 偽 (OC *ŋʷrals) (Schuessler, 2007), but see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngwa (literary, or in compounds) erroneous; mistaken • (literary, or in compounds) error; mistake • to extort; to blackmail • Alternative form of 吪 訛 (eumhun 그릇될 와 (geureutdoel wa)) hanja form of 와 (“erroneous; mistaken”) Hán-Nôm : ngoa • Hán-Nôm : ngỏa • Hán-Nôm : ngoả 訛
訝 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngaa⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gēe • Middle-Chinese : ngaeH to be surprised; to be astonished • Alternative form of 迓 (yà, “to meet; to welcome”) doubt 訝 • (a) · 訝 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a) 訝
訣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Middle-Chinese : kwet knack; secret; trick of the trade • mnemonic chant; rhyme for remembering something; rhymed formula • to take leave of; to bid farewell • (obsolete) to bid farewell to a dead person separation • part • secret 訣 • (gyeol) · 訣 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel) take leave of • bid farewell canonical : 訣: Hán Việt readings: quyết 訣
訥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːd) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 內 (OC *nuːbs, “inside”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neot⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lu̍t • Middle-Chinese : nwot slow of speech; speaking in a clumsy manner • taciturn; speaking little 訥 (eumhun 말 더듬을 눌 (mal deodeumeul nul)) hanja form of 눌 (“mumble; stammer”) Hán-Nôm : nột • Hán-Nôm : dốt • Hán-Nôm : nói • Hán-Nôm : nốt • Hán-Nôm : nuốt 訥
註 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tos, *tjos) : semantic 訁 + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsù • Middle-Chinese : tsyuH • Middle-Chinese : trjuH to annotate; to comment • to record; to register • comment; note; annotation ‖ to explain in detail ‖ 註 • (ju) · 註 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu) Hán-Nôm : chú • Hán-Nôm : chua 註
証 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Middle-Chinese : tsyengH (literary) to admonish ‖ ‖ 証(あかし) • (akashi) ‖ 証(しょう) • (shō) to admonish ‖ prove, verify ‖ proof, evidence, testimony ‖ proof, verification • (Buddhism) enlightenment • (traditional Chinese medicine) symptoms 証 • (jeong) · 証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) Hán-Nôm : chứng • Hán-Nôm : chống • Hán-Nôm : chững • Hán-Nôm : chừng 証
詁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu³ • Middle-Chinese : kuX 詁 • (go) · 詁 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) canonical : 詁: Hán Việt readings: cổ 詁
詆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tí • Middle-Chinese : dej • Middle-Chinese : tejX • Middle-Chinese : thek to condemn; to attack • to slander; to defame • to deceive; to cheat 詆 • (jeo) · 詆 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) canonical : 詆: Hán Việt readings: để 詆
詛 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zo³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsóo • Middle-Chinese : tsrjoH curse • to curse • to swear, pledge curse 詛 • (jeo) · 詛 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce) 詛 (trớ, chú, thư, trù) 詛
詢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : swin to inquire into; to ask about; to consult with 詢 • (sun) · 詢 • (sun) (hangeul 순, revised sun, McCune–Reischauer sun, Yale swun) Hán-Nôm : tuân 詢
詫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caa³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thà • Middle-Chinese : trhaeH to be surprised; to be astonished • (literary) to brag; to show off • (literary) to tell; to inform • (literary) to cheat; to deceive 詫 • (ta) · 詫 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha) Hán-Nôm : sá 詫
詬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : kuwX • Middle-Chinese : khuwH • Middle-Chinese : xuwH 詬 • (gu) · 詬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) Hán-Nôm : cấu 詬
詭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krolʔ) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuí • Middle-Chinese : kjweX sly; cunning; tricky; deceitful • (literary) weird; bizarre lie • deceive 詭 • (gwe) · 詭 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey) deceive, cheat, defraud • sly Hán-Nôm : quỷ • Hán-Nôm : ngụy • Hán-Nôm : nguỵ 詭
詹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiam • Middle-Chinese : tsyem verbose; garrulous • to talk too much; to be verbose • to arrive; to reach • to manage; to administer • Alternative form of 瞻 (zhān, “to look upward or forward”) • a surname talk too much • verbose 詹 • (cheom) · 詹 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem) arrive • verbose Hán-Nôm : chiêm 詹
詼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khue • Middle-Chinese : khwoj 詼 • (hoe) · 詼 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy) canonical : 詼: Hán Việt readings: khôi 詼
誅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *to) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : trju to execute; to kill; to put to death • to punish • to censure; to blame • (Cantonese, mahjong) to discard tiles such that the next player cannot improve their hand blame • kill, execute 誅 • (ju) · 誅 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu) Hán-Nôm : tru • Hán-Nôm : trô 誅
誉 ‖ 誉(たかし) • (Takashi) · 誉(ほまれ) • (Homare) reputation • honor • glory ‖ a male given name • a female given name 誉 • (ye) · 誉 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey) canonical : 誉: Hán Việt readings: dự 誉
誑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong² • Middle-Chinese : kjwangH to deceive; to lie; to delude; to cheat 誑 • (gwang) · 誑 • (gwang) (hangeul 광, revised gwang, McCune–Reischauer kwang, Yale kwang) canonical : 誑: Hán Việt readings: cuống 誑
誡 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːɡs) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 戒 (OC *krɯːɡs, “guard against”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài • Middle-Chinese : keajH to warn; to admonish; to caution • to take precautions; to guard against • (religion) commandments; precepts; tenets admonish • warn • prohibit 誡 • (gye) · 誡 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey) canonical : 誡: Hán Việt readings: giới 誡
誣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ma) : semantic 言 + phonetic 巫 (OC *ma). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bû • Middle-Chinese : mju to make false accusation; to defame • to deceive; to hoodwink 誣 • (mu) · 誣 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu) Hán-Nôm : vu 誣
誥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gou³ • Middle-Chinese : kawH to inform; to notify; to admonish; to order state • give instructions 誥 • (go) · 誥 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) inform, notify, admonish, order Hán-Nôm : cáo 誥
誨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːs) : semantic 言 + phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fui³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hué • Middle-Chinese : xwojH to teach; to instruct • to encourage; to induce instruct 誨 • (hoe) · 誨 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy) Hán-Nôm : hối • Hán-Nôm : húi 誨
說 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). \ All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). \ Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3). \ Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : seh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : serh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sueh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suat • Middle-Chinese : sywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suè • Middle-Chinese : sywejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ywet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛ to say; to speak • to explain • to refer to • to discuss • to introduce; to bring parties together • to criticize; to scold; to upbraid • to perform • theory; explanation ‖ to persuade; to canvass; to lobby • (Quanzhou Hokkien) to swindle; to defraud; to cheat out of ‖ Alternative form of 悅／悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”) ‖ Alternative form of 脫／脱 (“to free; to relieve”) opinion • theory • explanation • rumor 說 (eumhun 말씀 설 (malsseum seol)) ‖ 說 (eumhun 달랠 세 (dallael se)) ‖ 說 (eumhun 기쁠 열 (gippeul yeol)) hanja form of 설 (“theory, opinion, view; rumour”) [noun] • hanja form of 설 (“theory”) [suffix] • hanja form of 설 (“to explain; to speak; to talk”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 세 (“to persuade”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 열 (“used in personal names”) • (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 悅 (“hanja form of 열 (“to be happy”)”) Hán-Nôm : thuyết 說
説 ‖ 説(せつ) • (setsu) theory • explanation ‖ theory 説 • (seol, se, yeol) · 説 • (seol, se, yeol) (hangeul 설, 세, 열, revised seol, se, yeol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, se, yŏl, Yale sel, sey, yel) Hán-Nôm : thuyết • Hán-Nôm : thót • Hán-Nôm : thốt 説
誼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrals) : semantic 言 + phonetic 宜 (OC *ŋral). \ In some lects, the pronunciation of 誼／谊 is the same as that of 宜 (i.e. in the light level tone (陽平／阳平)). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gî • Middle-Chinese : ngjeH friendship • Alternative form of 義／义 (yì) • Alternative form of 議／议 (yì) friendship • closeness; intimacy 誼 (eum 의 (ui)) Hán-Nôm : nghị 誼
諂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰomʔ) : semantic 言 + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cim² • Middle-Chinese : trhjemX ^† to flatter; to truckle; to toady flatter 諂 • (cheom) · 諂 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem) canonical : 諂: Hán Việt readings: xiểm • canonical : siểm 諂: Nôm readings: xiểm • canonical : siểm chữ Hán form of siểm (“to flatter”). 諂
諄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjun, *tjuns) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 𦎧 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Middle-Chinese : tsywin • Middle-Chinese : tsywinH earnest earnest 諄 (eum 순 (sun)) Hán-Nôm : truân 諄
諉 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai² • Middle-Chinese : nrjweH to shirk; to give excuses 諉 • (wi) · 諉 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi) 諉
諍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsreːŋs) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsènn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Middle-Chinese : tsreangH ^† to remonstrate; to admonish • (Southern Min) to quarrel; to fight 諍 • (jaeng) · 諍 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng) Hán-Nôm : tránh 諍
諜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍p • Middle-Chinese : dep espionage; spying • spy; agent 諜 • (cheop) · 諜 • (cheop) (hangeul 첩, revised cheop, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏp, Yale chep) Hán-Nôm : điệp 諜
諫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːns) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàn • Middle-Chinese : kaenH to remonstrate; to admonish ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan) ‖ 諫(かん) • (kan) ‖ admonition ‖ admonish • dissuade 諫 (eum 간 (gan)) remonstrate • admonish Hán-Nôm : gián 諫
諱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰʷɯls) : semantic 言 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huì • Middle-Chinese : xjw+jH to avoid mentioning • to avoid; to regard as taboo • taboo • (historical) name of a deceased emperor or elder • (obsolete) to fear; to dread • (obsolete, euphemistic) to die real name used during life, as opposed to a posthumous name 諱 (eum 휘 (hwi)) conceal • shun • regard as taboo Hán-Nôm : húy • Hán-Nôm : huý 諱
諷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plums) : semantic 言 + phonetic 風 (OC *plum, *plums). Cantonese · Jyutping : fung³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng • Middle-Chinese : pjuwngH to satirize; to mock; to criticize; to remonstrate (using implicit language) • to advise using mild and indirect language; to suggest in a tactful and veiled manner • (literary) to recite; to incant 諷 • (pung) · 諷 • (pung) (hangeul 풍) Hán-Nôm : phúng 諷
諺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH proverb; maxim • Korean hangul ‖ 諺(ことわざ) • (kotowaza) ‖ a proverb (phrase expressing a basic truth) 諺 • (eon, an) · 諺 • (eon, an) (hangeul 언, 안, revised eon, an, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, an, Yale en, an) old name for Hangeul, the Korean script; Eonmun • vernacular Korean language (in contrast to written Chinese texts) • a proverb Hán-Nôm : ngạn 諺
謊 Originally written as 詤. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmaːŋʔ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 荒 (OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs) Cantonese · Jyutping : fong¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fong² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hóng lie; untruth • to lie; to tell a lie lie 謊 (eumhun 잠꼬대할 황 (jamkkodaehal hwang)) hanja form of 황 (“lie”) Hán-Nôm : hoang 謊
謗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːŋs) : semantic 言 (“speech; words”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pòng • Middle-Chinese : pangH (archaic, now mostly obsolete) to criticize (especially in an open manner) • (literary) to slander; to defame; to vilify slander 謗 (eumhun 헐뜯을 방 (heoltteudeul bang)) hanja form of 방 (“slandering”) 謗
謨 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bôo • Middle-Chinese : mu (literary) plan; strategy • (literary) to plan; to strategize; to deliberate plan • deliberate 謨 (eum 모 (mo)) canonical : 謨: Hán Việt readings: mồ 謨
謬 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kiː(l/r) (“to bend; to wind; to twist; to roll”), i.e. “to twist words; to twist the truth”. Related to 糾 (OC *krɯwʔ, “to entangle”), 絞 (OC *kreːwʔ, “to twist; to strangle”), 摎 (OC *krɯːw, “to strangle”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biū • Middle-Chinese : mjiwH false; wrong; erroneous • error; mistake • to deceive; to twist the truth • a surname mistake 謬 (eumhun 그릇될 류 (geureutdoel ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 그릇될 유 (geureutdoel yu)) hanja form of 류/유 (“false; wrong; erroneous”) canonical : 謬: Hán Việt readings: mậu chữ Hán form of mậu (“mistake”). 謬
譁 noisy 譁 (eumhun 시끄러울 화 (sikkeureoul hwa)) 譁
譎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwat¹ • Middle-Chinese : kwet to deceive; to cheat 譎 • (hyul) · 譎 • (hyul) (hangeul 휼, revised hyul, McCune–Reischauer hyul, Yale hyul) Hán-Nôm : quyệt • Hán-Nôm : quịt 譎
譏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 言 + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j to ridicule; to jeer; to mock • (literary) to interrogate • (literary) to exhort; to admonish 譏 • (gi) · 譏 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) canonical : 譏: Hán Việt readings: cơ • canonical : ky • canonical : kỵ chữ Hán form of cơ (“ridicule, admonish”). 譏
譚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tânn • Middle-Chinese : dom • Middle-Chinese : domX Alternative form of 談／谈 (tán, “to discuss”) • a surname ‖ 譚(たん) • (-tan) story ‖ story; tale 譚 • (dam) · 譚 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam) Hán-Nôm : đàm 譚
譴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰens) : semantic 言 + phonetic 遣 (OC *kʰenʔ, *kʰens). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiàn • Middle-Chinese : khjienH to censure; to reprimand; to blame; to condemn • (archaic) to demote; to banish from court • offense; crime reproach 譴 (eumhun 꾸짖을 견 (kkujijeul gyeon)) hanja form of 견 (“scold; reprimand”) Hán-Nôm : khiển • Hán-Nôm : khiến 譴
讒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm, *zraːms) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm • Middle-Chinese : dzream • Middle-Chinese : dzraemH to slander; to defame; to vilify; to speak maliciously of others • slander; defamation; libel • slanderer ‖ 讒(ざん) • (zan) ‖ false charge; slander; defamation 讒 (eumhun 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham)) hanja form of 참 (“to slander”) canonical : 讒: Hán Việt readings: sàm • canonical : gièm 讒: Nôm readings: gièm • canonical : sàm • canonical : xàm • canonical : sòm • canonical : sờm • canonical : sồm • canonical : sóm chữ Hán form of sàm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of gièm (“to slander”). • Nôm form of xàm (“to chatter; to prattle”). 讒
讖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰrims) : semantic 言 (“words; speech; language”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshàm • Middle-Chinese : tsrhimH prophecy; hint; omen a revealing omen 讖 • (cham) · 讖 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham) canonical : 讖: Hán Việt readings: sấm ‖ romanization : sấm ‖ chữ Hán form of sấm (“prophecy”). 讖
谿 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ Alternative form of 溪 • valley; gorge • Used in place names. • a surname: Xi ‖ Only used in 勃谿 (bójī). • Only used in 蠰谿. valley 谿 • (gye) · 谿 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey) 谿
豉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡjes) : semantic 豆 (“bean”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje). \ The orthodox form in Shuowen was 𢻃, which has 尗 (“legume; bean”) instead of 豆. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : dzyeH fermented bean 豉 • (si) · 豉 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si) Hán-Nôm : thị • Hán-Nôm : xị • Hán-Nôm : sĩ • Hán-Nôm : xệ 豉
豎 Possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djoʔ) : semantic 臤 + phonetic 豆 (OC *doːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sū • Middle-Chinese : dzyuX to erect; to make vertical • vertical • upright; perpendicular to the ground • (Chinese calligraphy) a vertical stroke (㇑) • (historical) attendant; boy servant • a surname: Shu 豎 • (su) · 豎 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) Hán-Nôm : thụ 豎
豔 Originally 豓. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lams) : semantic 豐 (“abundant, great”) + phonetic 盇 () (corrupted to 盍). \ Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs, though with uncertainty, *r-jams > *jams, compares it to Thai เรี่ยม (riamᴮ²), and proposes it was from Tai. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iām • Middle-Chinese : yemH (of color) bright and gorgeous; gaudy • relating to love relationships; romantic • (literary) to envy; to admire • a surname Alternative form of 艷, which is the kyūjitai form of 艶 Hán-Nôm : diệm • Hán-Nôm : diễm 豔
豕 Pictogram (象形) – a pig. Compare 亥. \ Possibly from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik ~ *lik (“pig”) and Mon ကၠိက် (kloik, “pig”). Also occurs in the Cai-Long languages, from which Hölzl (2021) derives the name Ta-Li for the aforementioned language subgroup. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí • Middle-Chinese : syeX (obsolete) pig; boar pig, hog 豕 • (si) · 豕 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si) Hán-Nôm : thỉ 豕
豢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huǎn • Middle-Chinese : hwaenH to feed livestock • to rear; to raise livestock • livestock • (figurative) to bribe 豢 (eum 환 (hwan)) 豢
豬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ta) : semantic 豕 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Löffler (1966) considers Mru tia (“(wild) pig”) to be cognate. \ Fangyan states that 豭 (OC *kraː) is a dialectal variant of 豬 (OC *ta), yet *kra was apparently older than *t(r)a and homophonic with 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”); so instead *t(r)a is possibly an early rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of *kra, which would have had a general meaning of "male animal". See 豭 for more. ‖ Referring to the similar-sounding word 處／处 (cyu2). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tu • Middle-Chinese : trjo ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ pig; hog; swine (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 口 m; 隻／只 c mn; 條／条 c h) • (figurative, colloquial, often as a term of abuse) pig (a lazy, lowly or contemptible person) • (Cantonese, figuratively) stupid; foolish • (Cantonese, figuratively) to act in a stupid or foolish manner ‖ (Cantonese) virginity (Classifier: 隻／只 c) Kyūjitai form of 猪 豬 (eumhun 돼지 저 (dwaeji jeo)) Hán-Nôm : trư • Hán-Nôm : chưa • Hán-Nôm : trơ • Hán-Nôm : kiệt 豬
貂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːw) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 召 (OC *dews, *djews) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiau • Middle-Chinese : tew marten • a surname ‖ 貂(てん) or 貂(テン) • (ten) ‖ Japanese marten, Martes melampus 貂 • (cho) · 貂 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho) (담비 초, dambi-): marten, sable Hán-Nôm : điêu 貂
貉 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lok³ • Middle-Chinese : hak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek tanuki (raccoon dog) ‖ Alternative form of 貊 (mò) badger • raccoon dog (tanuki) Hán-Nôm : hạc • Hán-Nôm : lạc • Hán-Nôm : mạch • Hán-Nôm : hào • Hán-Nôm : mạ 貉
貓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mreːw, *mrew) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). \ Ma Xulun suggested that 豸 was the original character of 貓. \ Onomatopoeic. Compare 喵 (miāo, “meow, the onomatopoeic cry of a cat”). \ Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *mau, reasoning that 貓's place among division II syllables results from its onomatopoeic nature instead of an Old Chinese medial *-r-; onomatopoeia is also responsible for the 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) tone instead of the expected 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng). ‖ ‖ Borrowed from English modem. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : niau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu • Middle-Chinese : mjew • Middle-Chinese : maew ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠ cat (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hide oneself • (Mandarin, colloquial) to hang around; to stay somewhere doing nothing • (Cantonese) to get drunk • (Hokkien, Singapore Teochew) stingy; miserly • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious • (Cantonese, non-productive) person with a non-positive attribute ‖ (Mandarin, colloquial) to bend ‖ (Mainland China, colloquial) modem ‖ 貓(ねこ) or 貓(ネコ) • (neko) (counter 匹) ‖ Alternative form of 猫 (“cat”) cat canonical : 貓: Hán Việt readings: miêu 貓: Nôm readings: mèo • canonical : miêu chữ Hán form of miêu (“cat”). • Nôm form of mèo (“cat”). 貓
貲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsje to estimate 貲 • (ja) · 貲 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca) 貲
貳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njis) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 弍 (OC *njis, “two”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gī • Middle-Chinese : nyijH (Classical) secondary; assistant • (literary, or in compounds) to be unfaithful; to be disloyal • (financial) Alternative form of 二 (èr, “two”) Kyūjitai form of 弐 貳 • (i) · 貳 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i) Hán-Nôm : nhị • Hán-Nôm : nhì • Hán-Nôm : nhẹ 貳
貶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *promʔ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob). Cantonese · Jyutping : bin² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pián • Middle-Chinese : pjemX to reduce; to lower • (literary) to demote • to vilify; to censure; to criticize • (grammar) negative polarity 貶 • (pyeom) · 貶 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem) Hán-Nôm : biếm • Hán-Nôm : bâm • Hán-Nôm : mém 貶
貽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi to give as a present • to hand down; to leave behind 貽 (eum 이 (i)) Hán-Nôm : di 貽
賁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn) : phonetic 卉 (OC *hmɯlʔ, *hmɯls) + semantic 貝 (“cowry”) for the reading bì (*prals). The character was borrowed for the word 奔 (OC *pɯːn, *pɯːns) in ancient times, hence its reading bēn (*pɯːn). ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 賁 – see 斑 (“spot; stripe; spotted; striped; mottled; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 斑). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pjeH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban¹ • Middle-Chinese : pwon ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : bjun ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄣ • Middle-Chinese : bj+j ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄣˋ ‖ to adorn oneself (with jewellery) • to honor with one's presence • 22nd hexagram of the I Ching ‖ brave, energetic, forge ahead (same as 奔) • cardia ‖ three-legged tortoise • Used in 賁鼓／贲鼓 (“large drum”). ‖ a surname. ‖ Only used in 賁渾／贲浑. ‖ Only used in 賁禺／贲禺. ‖ Alternative form of 墳／坟 • Alternative form of 忿 (fèn) ‖ Alternative form of 僨／偾 (fèn) • Alternative form of 奮／奋 (fèn) ‖ (Hakka) Alternative form of 笨 (“thick”) to decorate 賁 (eumhun 클 분 (keul bun)) ‖ 賁 (eumhun 꾸밀 비 (kkumil bi)) ‖ Hán-Nôm : bí • Hán-Nôm : bôn 賁
賅 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kai • Middle-Chinese : koj complete; comprehensive • to include prepared for • inclusive 賅
賈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːʔ, *kraːs, *klaːʔ) : phonetic 襾 (OC *qraːs) + semantic 貝 (“shellfish”). ‖ Cognate with 酤 (OC *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ, “to buy alcoholic drink”)，沽 (OC *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs, “to buy or sell”). ‖ Cognate with 酤 (OC *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ, “to buy alcoholic drink”)，沽 (OC *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs, “to buy or sell”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ké • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ká • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kée • Middle-Chinese : kaeX ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³ • Middle-Chinese : kaeH a surname ‖ merchant • to trade; to do business • (literary) to buy • (literary) to lead to; to incur; to bring about • (literary) to sell ‖ Alternative form of 價／价 (“price; value”) 賈 • (ga, go) · 賈 • (ga, go) (hangeul 가, 고, revised ga, go, McCune–Reischauer ka, ko, Yale ka, ko) Hán-Nôm : cổ • Hán-Nôm : giá • Hán-Nôm : giả • Hán-Nôm : giớ 賈
賑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns) : semantic 貝 (“money”) + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn) – having money, giving money (support). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zan³ • Middle-Chinese : tsyinX • Middle-Chinese : tsyinH flourish • be bustling • prosperity 賑 • (jin) · 賑 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin) 賑
賒 syaeH) that was more similar-sounding to the character, once appeared but never became popularized. \ The current form 賒 appeared as a vulgar form at the Ming-Qing transition and is a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) with phonetic component 佘 that is similar-sounding to the character. \ According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m/s-laj ~ r/s-lej ~ b-rej (“to change, exchange, buy”) (whence also 移 (OC *lal, “change, alter”) & 易 (OC *leɡ, “change, exchange”)); if so, Chinese vocalism might have been influenced by superficially similar words like 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ, “to bestow, to give”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ 商 (OC *hljaŋ) is its derivative with terminative suffix *-ŋ; 貰 (OC), minimally reconstructed as *lhas ~ *m-las, is another with *-s > *-h extrovert suffix (ibid.). \ Thai แลก (lɛ̂ɛk)'s possible relation to 賒 (OC *hljaː) (ibid.) is through its cognate 易 (OC *leːɡs, *leɡ), wherefrom arose Thai แลก (lɛ̂ɛk), Lao ແລກ (lǣk), Shan လႅၵ်ႈ (lēk), Tai Nüa ᥘᥦᥐ (laek), & Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜀𑜫 (lik) (Pittayaporn, 2014) \ Lastly, Bodman (1980)) proposes cognacy to Tibetan གྱར་བ (gyar ba, “to borrow, to lend, to hire”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : se¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sia • Middle-Chinese : syae to buy and sell on credit • ^† to forgive • ^† distant; far • ^† (of time) long; long-standing • ^† sparse; rare • ^† slow canonical : 賒: Hán Việt readings: xa 賒: Nôm readings: xa far 賒
賬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taŋs) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 長 (OC *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsàng account; bill • debt • (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet) account 賬 • (jang) · 賬 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) 賬
賺 Originally as 𧸖. \ In the current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːms) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaam⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuán • Middle-Chinese : dreamH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaan⁶ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tānn to make a profit • (regional) to earn (money) • to win; to get • (informal) profit ‖ (colloquial) to deceive; to fool; to cheat ‖ (Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) wrong; erroneous coax canonical : 賺: Hán Việt readings: khiếm • canonical : trám 賺
賽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯːɡs) : abbreviated phonetic 塞 (OC *slɯːɡs, *slɯːɡ) + semantic 貝 (“shell”). Cantonese · Jyutping : coi³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sài • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sè • Middle-Chinese : sojH to compete; to contend • competition; contest; race dice • temple visit 賽 (eumhun 굿할 새 (guthal sae)) Hán-Nôm : tái • Hán-Nôm : trại • Hán-Nôm : tày • Hán-Nôm : tầy • Hán-Nôm : táy 賽
贅 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 敖 (“ramble; travel”) + 貝 (“money”) – "money that goes away and ought to be taken back" – originally meaning a kind of collateral, or pawn. 贅 later was borrowed for sound to signify "belonging; attachment; linking", which is closer to the modern meaning of "superfluous". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsè • Middle-Chinese : tsywejH unnecessary, superfluous • to marry into and live with one's wife's family ‖ 贅(ぜい) • (zei) ‖ 贅(ふすべ) • (fusube) ‖ luxury, extravagance ‖ (obsolete) lump, wart • (obsolete) mole, birthmark 贅 (eum 췌 (chwe)) Hán-Nôm : chuế • Hán-Nôm : xuế 贅
贍 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siām • Middle-Chinese : dzyemH to provide for; to support; to supply • (literary) sufficient; plentiful; rich • (of writing) rich; magnificent; knowledgeable 贍 • (seom) · 贍 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem) 贍
贏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leŋ) : phonetic 𣎆 () + semantic 貝 (“cowry; money”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Middle-Chinese : yeng to win; to triumph; to be victorious • to beat; to defeat (someone); to triumph over • to make a profit • (Gan, Xiang) Used with 不 or 得 to express capability. to contented • to win; to triumph • to gain (profit) • remainder 贏 • (yeong) · 贏 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng) Hán-Nôm : doanh 贏
贓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Middle-Chinese : tsang booty, loot, stolen goods • to accept or take a bribe 贓 (eumhun 장물(贓物) 장) hanja form of 장 (“booty; loot; stolen goods”) Hán-Nôm : tang 贓
贖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljoɡ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ); the phonetic was originally 𧷏 and has later become graphically similar to the unrelated 賣. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-lu-t-s (“to ransom; to buy off”); compare Tibetan བླུ (blu) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Middle-Chinese : zyowk to redeem • to ransom 贖 • (sok) · 贖 • (sok) (hangeul 속, revised sok, McCune–Reischauer sok, Yale sok) washing away your sin, 속죄하다 • clearing your debt by offering money, wealth or effort, 속바치다 贖
贛 In the bronze script, it was attested as 𬔧, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 章 (“jade ornament”) + 丮 (“to hold”) – holding a jade ornament > “to bestow”. The 丮 component corrupts into 欠 or 次, and later to 夂 or a variant with 二 under 夂. An additional semantic component 貝 (“cowrie; money”) was often added. The 二 and 貝 components combine to form an emergent phonetic component 貢 (OC *koːŋs). \ Shuowen reinterprets it as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) : abbreviated phonetic 竷 (OC *kʰluːms) + semantic 貝 (“shell; money”), but this is not supported by earlier scripts. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm • Middle-Chinese : komX • Middle-Chinese : komH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung³ • Middle-Chinese : kuwngH (～江, ～水) Gan River (a river in Jiangxi, China) • Alternative name for 江西 (Jiāngxī, “Jiangxi, a province of China.”). • Gan; Gan Chinese ‖ to grant; to bestow • a surname Jiangxi province • various places in Jiangxi province 贛 (eumhun 줄 공 (jul gong)) · 贛 (eumhun 강 이름 감 (gang ireum gam)) · 贛 (eumhun 미련할 장 (miryeonhal jang)) canonical : 贛: Hán Việt readings: cống 贛
赧 ‖ Compare Zhuang nwnj (“inflammation on the skin”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naan⁵ • Middle-Chinese : nraenX ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : naan³ (literary) blushing because of shame ‖ (Cantonese) inflammation on the skin resulting from an insect bite or an illness 赧 • (nan) · 赧 • (nan) (hangeul 난) Hán-Nôm : nấn • Hán-Nôm : noản • Hán-Nôm : nản • Hán-Nôm : nắn • Hán-Nôm : noãn 赧
赭 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(j)a-n ⪤ *tsa-n (“red”) (STEDT); cognate with Burmese တာ (ta, “red”) (as in Burmese နီတာရဲ (nitarai:, “of loud red color”)) and Burmese တျာတျာ (tya-tya, “scarlet”). According to Schuessler (2007), 朱 (OC *tjo) may be related. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze² • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeX red soil • ochre dye • reddish brown; burnt ochre • to dye red • bare • Short for 赭衣 (zhěyī, “red clothing worn by convicts”). • to punish 赭 • (ja) · 赭 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca) canonical : 赭: Hán Việt readings: giả 赭: Nôm readings: đỏ chữ Hán form of giả (“red soil, ochre, reddish brown”). • Nôm form of đỏ (“red”). 赭
赳 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau² • Middle-Chinese : kjiwX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dau² Used in 赳赳 (jiūjiū, “strong and valiant”); also used as its short form. • strong (of wind) ‖ Only used in 赳螑 (jiùxiù, “appearance of a dragon stretching its neck and moving in a wavelike manner”). strong and brave 赳 • (gyu) · 赳 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) 赳
趕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːnʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 旱 (OC *ɡaːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gon² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuánn to overtake; to catch up with • to hurry; to rush • to try to catch (a bus, train, etc) • to drive (animal, vehicle) • to drive someone away; to chase away • to avail oneself of (an opportunity); happen to • (colloquial) until; till • (colloquial) rushed; hurried Hán-Nôm : cản • Hán-Nôm : kiển 趕
趙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ewʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ewʔ) : semantic 走 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiǎu • Middle-Chinese : drjewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tiu⁵ (～國) an ancient city-state, now Hongdong County in Shanxi • (～國) Zhao, a later and larger state during the Warring States period of Chinese history • (obsolete) to run; to gallop; to move quickly • a surname, listed first in the Baijiaxing. It is the family name of the Song emperors • (neologism) of the Communist Party of China ‖ to weed the ground; to hoe 趙 • (jo) · 趙 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co) a surname Hán-Nôm : Triệu • Hán-Nôm : triệu Chữ Hán form of Triệu (“a surname from Chinese.”). 趙
趨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlo) : semantic 走 + phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Middle-Chinese : tshju to walk quickly; to run • to hasten; to hurry • to pursue; to seek • to attach (oneself) to; to ingratiate oneself with • to tend towards; to approach • (historical) to quickly take small steps as a sign of respect to go towards, to run • to trend, to tend towards 趨 • (chu, chok) · 趨 • (chu, chok) (hangeul 추, 촉) canonical : 趨: Hán Việt readings: xu • canonical : xúc 趨: Nôm readings: so • canonical : xúc • canonical : xu • canonical : xô 趨
跆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : doj trample trample 跆 (eum 태 (tae)) to trample • to kick Hán-Nôm : đài 跆
跎 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da Used in 蹉跎 (cuōtuó). 跎 • (ta) · 跎 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha) 跎 (đà) 跎
跚 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : san • Middle-Chinese : san Used in 蹣跚／蹒跚 (pánshān). • to step on; to trample to stagger; to reel; to stumble 跚 • (san) · 跚 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) Hán-Nôm : san 跚
践 tread • step on 践
跼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gjowk 跼 (eum 국 (guk)) 跼
踊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX to mount; to ascend • (historical) shoes for people who have had part of their foot chopped off ‖ 踊(よう) • (yō) to dance • dance ‖ to dance • to jump about; to jump up 踊
踝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːlʔ) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waa⁵ • Middle-Chinese : hwaeX ankle ankle • heel • exposed legs 踝 (eum 과 (gwa)) 踝
踟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *de) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 知 (OC *ʔl'e). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Middle-Chinese : drje to walk back and forth • to hesitate 踟 • (ji) · 踟 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci) 踟
踪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoŋ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ). footprint 踪 (eumhun 자취 종 (jachwi jong)) hanja form of 종 (“footprints, traces, tracks”) 踪
踫 踫
踴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋʔ) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 勇 (OC *loŋʔ). \ Compare Khmer ប្លោង (plaong, “to leap over; to throw upward”) (Schuessler, 2007). Perhaps related to 逾 (OC *lo, “to exceed; to cross over”) and 溶 (OC *loŋ, “much water”) (ibid.). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ióng • Middle-Chinese : yowngX to jump upwards; to leap • (of prices) to go up; to rise Rare form of 踊. 踴 • (yong) · 踴 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong) Hán-Nôm : dũng 踴
踵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋʔ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung² • Cantonese · Jyutping : dung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng • Middle-Chinese : tsyowngX heel • to follow • to visit; to call on ‖ 踵(かかと) • (kakato) ‖ 踵(くびいす) • (kubiisu) ^(←くびひす (kubifisu)?) ‖ 踵(くびす) • (kubisu) ‖ 踵(あくと) • (akuto) ‖ 踵(あぐと) • (aguto) ‖ heel ‖ the bottom of the foot; the heel ‖ heel ‖ heel ‖ heel 踵 (eumhun 발꿈치 종 (balkkumchi jong)) hanja form of 종 (“heel”) canonical : 踵: Hán Việt readings: chủng 踵
踹 ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshué ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dyun³ • Middle-Chinese : dzywenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄢˋ • Middle-Chinese : twanH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun² ‖ to step on; to tread; to stamp • to kick (with the sole of the foot suddenly and forcefully) • (figurative, slang) to dump (a partner); to ditch ‖ heel (of the foot) ‖ foot • to stamp (foot) • to kick (with foot) ‖ calf (of the leg) ‖ (Cantonese) to step; to trample 踹 • (dan) · 踹 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan) 踹
蹉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlaːl) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuê • Middle-Chinese : tsha to slip and fall • to err; to make a mistake • to step on; to trample • to pass by to trip, to stumble • to pass by 蹉 • (cha) · 蹉 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha) 蹉 (tha, sa) 蹉
蹊 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hê • Middle-Chinese : hej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi (literary) footpath • to trample on; to cross; to traverse • footprint • path; way • Alternative form of 徯 (“to wait”) ‖ Used in 蹊蹺／蹊跷. path 蹊 • (hye) · 蹊 • (hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune–Reischauer hye, Yale hyey) 蹊
蹙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsjuwk to knit (one's brows) • to approach; to close in on • to force; to compel • to shrink; to contract • urgent; critical • Alternative form of 蹴 (“to tread on; to kick”) knitting one's brows 蹙 • (chuk) · 蹙 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, Yale chwuk) 蹙
蹣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : puânn • Middle-Chinese : ban • Middle-Chinese : man (used in compounds) limping; staggering 蹣 (eum 만 (man)) 蹣
蹤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsloŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs, “follow”) Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsng • Middle-Chinese : tsjowng footprint; trace; track footprint; trace; track • to follow • to release, to free 蹤 • (jong) · 蹤 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong) canonical : 蹤: Hán Việt readings: tung 蹤: Nôm readings: tung chữ Hán form of tung (“footprint”). 蹤
蹶 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwejH • Middle-Chinese : kjwot • Middle-Chinese : kjwet ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˇ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ to tumble; to fall down • to run • to fail • to step on; to tread on • rapidly; suddenly ‖ ‖ to tumble; to fall down • to defeat; to topple • to spring out 蹶 (eumhun 넘어질 궐 (neomeojil gwol)) ‖ 蹶 (eumhun 움직일 궤 (umjigil gwe)) hanja form of 궐 (“to stumble; to fall down”) ‖ (literary) hanja form of 궤 (“to move”) 蹶
蹺 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hiu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiau • Middle-Chinese : khjiew to raise one's foot 蹺 • (gyo) · 蹺 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : nghều 蹺
蹼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *poːɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : buk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : puwk web; the membrane-like part between toes (of animals) 蹼 • (bok) · 蹼 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok) 蹼
躂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːd) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 達 (OC *tʰaːd, *daːd). Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄚˋ • Middle-Chinese : that ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : taat¹ to stumble; to slip; to fall down ‖ Only used in 蹓躂／蹓跶. ‖ (onomatopoeia) footstep sound 躂
躅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjowk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to step on • ^† footprint ‖ ^† footprint 躅 • (chok) · 躅 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok) Hán-Nôm : trục Nôm: trục, xộc 躅
躇 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thû • Middle-Chinese : drjo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : thu̍h to walk back and forth • to hesitate; to falter; to be undecided • to trample on ‖ to overstep; to pass over; to advance out of turn ‖ (Hokkien) impractical and stupid (often reduplicated) • (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally 躇 • (jeo, chak) · 躇 • (jeo, chak) (hangeul 저, 착, revised jeo, chak, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, ch'ak, Yale ce, chak) Hán-Nôm : chứa 躇
躉 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dan² ‖ wholesale • to buy wholesale; to hoard for speculation ‖ (Cantonese) foundation; support (of an object) • (Cantonese, euphemistic) buttocks; bottom; behind • (Cantonese) to place; to put • (Cantonese) Classifier for buildings. 躉 • (don) · 躉 • (don) (hangeul 돈, revised don, McCune–Reischauer ton, Yale ton) 躉
躊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiûnn • Middle-Chinese : drjuw Used in 躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú), etc. 躊 • (ju) · 躊 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu) 躊
躑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 鄭 (OC *deŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : drjek Used in 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú). • ^† to kick • ^† to jump • ^‡ foot filth, Alternative form of 蹢 to squat; to crouch 躑 • (cheok) · 躑 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : trịch 躑
躡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *neb) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 聶 (OC *neb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neeh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : neh • Middle-Chinese : nrjep to walk on tiptoe; to lighten one's steps • to follow • (literary) to tread; to trample; to step on • (literary) to put on (shoes) 躡 • (seop) · 躡 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep) 躡
躪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ 躪 (eumhun 짓밟을 린 (jitbalbeul rin), word-initial (South Korea) 짓밟을 인 (jitbalbeul in)) hanja form of 린 (“to trample”) 躪
軀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰo) : semantic 身 (“body”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kəw (“body; chest; thorax; corpse”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སྐུ (sku, “body”) and Burmese ကိုယ် (kuiy, “body”). ‖ Probably the same as etymology 1 (Hsu, 2019). Lin (2007) considers it to be a contraction of 身軀／身躯 (sin-khu). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Cantonese · Jyutping : keoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khi • Middle-Chinese : khju ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : su human body ‖ (Hokkien) body • (Hokkien) Classifier for sets of clothing. ‖ body ‖ 軀 (eumhun 몸 구 (mom gu)) hanja form of 구 (“body”) 軀
軋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : at • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah • Middle-Chinese : 'eat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : a̍h ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kauh to crush by weight • to oust; to squeeze out • (onomatopoeia) sound of a machine running • a surname: Ya ‖ (dialectal) to jostle; to push against; to squeeze together • (dialectal) to associate with • (dialectal) to check ‖ to roll (steel) ‖ (Hokkien) to tip over and crush something ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car) squeak • creak • grate 軋 • (al) · 軋 • (al) (hangeul 알, revised al, McCune–Reischauer al, Yale al) Hán-Nôm : ca • Hán-Nôm : loát • Hán-Nôm : yết 軋
軔 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Middle-Chinese : nyinH brake block that keeps wheel from moving 軔 • (in) · 軔 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in, Yale in) a piece of wood serving as a brake to halt a carriage 軔
軛 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːɡ) : semantic 車 (“chariot”) + phonetic 厄 (OC *qreːɡ, “yoke”) – specialized form of 厄. \ Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔik (“to strangle”), whence also 縊 (OC *qleːɡs, *qleɡs, “to strangle”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : eh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iak • Middle-Chinese : 'eak yoke • to restrain; to control 軛
軻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : o¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ho² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Middle-Chinese : kha • Middle-Chinese : khaX • Middle-Chinese : khaH 軻 • (ga) · 軻 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka) 軻
軼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : yit to surpass; to excel • to invade; to attack • (alt. form 佚, 逸) scattered; lost • Alternative form of 逸 (yì, “leisurely”) • Alternative form of 溢 (yì, “to overflow”) 軼 • (il) · 軼 • (il) (hangeul 일, revised il, McCune–Reischauer il, Yale il) 軼
軾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯɡ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 式 (OC *hljɯɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : syik horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair • to hold onto the horizontal wooden bar in front of a sedan chair 軾 • (sik) · 軾 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune–Reischauer sik, Yale sik) 軾
輊 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsì • Middle-Chinese : trijH Hán-Nôm : trất • Hán-Nôm : chí 輊
輒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teb) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 耴 (OC *ŋrid, *teb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zip³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiap • Middle-Chinese : trjep then • at once • always • (archaic) the luggage rack on a chariot promptly, easily • that is, i.e. 輒 (eum 첩 (cheop)) Hán-Nôm : triếp 輒
輓 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *monʔ, *mons) : semantic 車 + phonetic 免 (OC *mronʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buán • Middle-Chinese : mjonX • Middle-Chinese : mjonH to pull; to draw • to mourn; to lament (a death) • Alternative form of 晚 (wǎn) 輓 • (man) · 輓 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man) Hán-Nôm : vãn 輓
輔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baʔ) : semantic 車 + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hù • Middle-Chinese : bjuX (obsolete) protective wooden bars that helped prevent a carriage from overturning • (literary) cheek • to assist • (historical) area near the capital cheek, cheekbone • assist 輔 (eum 보 (bo)) Hán-Nôm : phụ 輔
輛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋs) : semantic 車 (“vehicle”) + phonetic 兩 (OC *raŋʔ, *raŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : loeng⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liáng Classifier for wheeled vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier ‖ ‖ 輛 • (ryang>yang) · 輛 • (ryang>yang) (hangeul 량>양, revised ryang>yang, McCune–Reischauer ryang>yang, Yale lyang>yang) Hán-Nôm : lượng • Hán-Nôm : lưỡng • Hán-Nôm : lẫng 輛
輜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsir • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : tsrhi (rare) A carriage that has a covered roof • (literary) A carriage with a cover on it 輜 • (chi) · 輜 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) 輜
輟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tods, *tod) : semantic 車 (“carriage; chariot”) + phonetic 叕 (OC *tod). \ Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, as a cognate of 駐 (OC *tos) with *-t/*-d causative suffix (Jin, 2004). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶ • Middle-Chinese : trjwejH • Middle-Chinese : trjwet to stop; to suspend; to halt 輟 (eum 철 (cheol)) Hán-Nôm : chuyết • Hán-Nôm : xoẹt • Hán-Nôm : xuyết 輟
輦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lián • Middle-Chinese : ljenX handcart • imperial carriage • to transport by carriage • (Southern Min) wheel 輦 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon)) Hán-Nôm : lén • Hán-Nôm : lẻn • Hán-Nôm : liễn • Hán-Nôm : rịn 輦
輯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zib) : semantic 車 + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cap¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tship • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsip • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsi̍p • Middle-Chinese : dzip to gather up; to collect • to edit; to compile • Classifier for parts or volumes of a book or other literary work. 輯 • (jip) · 輯 • (jip) (hangeul 집, revised jip, McCune–Reischauer chip, Yale cip) Hán-Nôm : tập 輯
輻 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hok • Middle-Chinese : pjuwH • Middle-Chinese : pjuwk spokes of a wheel • Alternative form of 輹／𰺓 輻 (eum 복 (bok)) · 輻 (eum 폭 (pok)) Hán-Nôm : phúc • Hán-Nôm : bức 輻
輾 * Etymology 1: Corrupted from 𨋚: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ndens, *tenʔ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 㞋 (). \ * Etymology 2: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ndens, *tenʔ) : semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 展 (OC *tenʔ, *tens) ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Middle-Chinese : nrjenH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tián • Middle-Chinese : trjenX Alternative form of 碾 (niǎn, “to crush (something) flat with a wheel; to run over”) ‖ Used in 輾轉／辗转 (zhǎnzhuǎn, “to toss and turn”). • a surname 輾 • (jeon) · 輾 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 輾
轂 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kok • Middle-Chinese : kuwk hub of a wheel • wheel • chariot; cart 轂 (eum 곡 (gok)) Hán-Nôm : cốc 轂
轅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷan) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 袁 (OC *ɢʷan). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uân • Middle-Chinese : hjwon shaft 轅 • (won) · 轅 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen) axle • magistrate's office Hán-Nôm : viên 轅
轍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ded) : semantic 車 (“wagon”) + abbreviated phonetic 徹 (OC *tʰed) – wagon tracks. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cit³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˊㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tia̍t • Middle-Chinese : drjet wagon ruts; wheel tracks • path • way; method • rhyme ‖ 轍(わだち) • (wadachi) ‖ 轍(てつ) • (tetsu) ‖ a wheel furrow, track, or rut ‖ a wheel furrow, track, or rut • another person's mistake, a prior example (generally negative) 轍 • (cheol) · 轍 • (cheol) (hangeul 철, revised cheol, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏl, Yale chel) Hán-Nôm : triệt 轍
轎 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrew, *ɡrews) : semantic 車 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : gjew • Middle-Chinese : gjewH bamboo carriage • sedan chair; palanquin (Classifier: 頂／顶 c) palanquin • litter 轎 • (gyo) · 轎 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) palanquin • sedan chair Hán-Nôm : kiệu 轎
轔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin, *rins) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁶ • Middle-Chinese : lin • Middle-Chinese : linH (Classical) sound of rumbling of wheels • (Classical) threshold; doorsill; doorstep • (Classical) wheel rumbling of vehicles • threshold 轔 • (rin>in) · 轔 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in) rumbling of vehicles • wheel • tread 轔
轟 Triplication of 車 (“cart”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : xweang • Middle-Chinese : xweangH (onomatopoeia) bang; boom • to rumble; to explode; to blast • to shoo away; to expel roar • thunder • boom • resound 轟 (eumhun 울릴 굉 (ullil goeng)) hanja form of 굉 (“roar; thunder; boom”) Hán-Nôm : huênh • Hán-Nôm : oanh • Hán-Nôm : oang • Hán-Nôm : oàng 轟
轡 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 絲 (“rope”) + 軎 (“carriage part”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bei³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pì • Middle-Chinese : pijH bridle of horse • reins ‖ 轡(くつわ) • (kutsuwa) ‖ bit (metal in horse's mouth) 轡 (eumhun 고삐 비 (goppi bi)) Hán-Nôm : bí 轡
辞 ‖ speech • to quit ‖ 辞
辦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *breːns) : phonetic 辡 (OC *prenʔ, *brenʔ) + semantic 力 (“strength”). \ Cognate with Tibetan བྲེལ་བ (brel ba, “to be employed; busy”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān • Middle-Chinese : beanH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pān to deal with; to handle; to manage; to take care of • to prepare; to get something ready • to process; to obtain (e.g. a visa/passport) • to set up; to run • to bring to justice; to punish • (only in compounds) Short for 辦公室／办公室 (bàngōngshì, “office”). • (euphemistic) to kill off; to murder ‖ (Cantonese, Southern Min) sample; specimen (Classifier: 個／个 c) • (Cantonese) template manage • do • handle • deal with 辦 (eumhun 힘들일 판 (himdeuril pan)) ‖ 辦 (eum 변 (byeon)) manage • do • handle • deal with ‖ Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bạn (only in compound biện pháp) chữ Hán form of biện (“to handle, to do; to prepare”). 辦
辮 Exopassive of 編 (OC *pen, *peːn, *peːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bin¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pīnn • Middle-Chinese : benX braid; plait • braid-like object 辮 (eum 변 (byeon)) Hán-Nôm : biện • Hán-Nôm : bện 辮
迥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwing² • Middle-Chinese : hwengX distant; far • drastically different; far different • (literary) remote place • (literary) tall • (literary) totally; completely far • distant 迥 • (hyeong) · 迥 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng) canonical : 迥: Hán Việt readings: huýnh 迥: Hán Nôm readings: huýnh • canonical : quánh • canonical : huếnh • canonical : quýnh 迥
迦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ka, *kal, *kraːl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ka, *kal, *kraːl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khia • Middle-Chinese : kja • Middle-Chinese : kae ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ Used in transcription. ‖ Alternative form of 邂 (xiè) Used phonetically. 迦 • (ga) · 迦 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka) Hán-Nôm : già • Hán-Nôm : dà • Hán-Nôm : ca 迦
迴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wui⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwoj • Middle-Chinese : hwojH to revolve; to rotate • to avoid • winding; tortuous • Alternative form of 回 (huí, “to return; to go back”) rotate • revolve • pin • go around 迴 • (hoe) · 迴 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy) Hán-Nôm : hồi 迴
迺 For pronunciation and definitions of 迺 – see 乃 (“you, your; be; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 乃). Hokkien · Tai-lo : se̍h (Hokkien) Alternative form of 踅 迺 • (nae) · 迺 • (nae) (hangeul 내, revised nae, McCune–Reischauer nae, Yale nay) 迺
逅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːs) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 后 (OC *ɡoːʔ, *ɡoːs). \ Cognate with 遘 (OC *koːs, *koːs, “to meet”)，覯 (OC *koːs, “to come across”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hau⁶ • Middle-Chinese : huwH Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu). 逅 • (hu) · 逅 • (hu) (hangeul 후, revised hu, McCune–Reischauer hu, Yale hwu) 逅
逍 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Middle-Chinese : sjew Used in 逍遙／逍遥 (xiāoyáo). 逍 (eumhun 거닐 소 (geonil so)) hanja form of 소 (“wander”) Hán-Nôm : tiêu 逍
逕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ging³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaang³ • Middle-Chinese : kengH (alt. form 徑) small path • to go to; to reach • (literary, of water) to flow through • directly • (archaic) diameter path; route 逕 • (gyeong) · 逕 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng) Hán-Nôm : kính 逕
逖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ti̍k • Middle-Chinese : thek far, distant • keep at a distance Run away, disappear, bend to the side, move to the side to avoid. • Far in distance. 逖 (eum 적 (jeok)) Hán-Nôm : địch 逖
這 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrans) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 言 (OC *ŋan). \ The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with 遮 (zhē, “this”). \ First attested in the Tang dynasty; etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies: \ * From 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) (Lü, 1985). Wang (1990) notes that 者 always occurs after what is referred to, where as 這 always before. \ *: 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > 者 (MC tsyaeX, “this (possessive case)”) > 者 (MC tsyaeX, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin 這／这 (zhè). \ * From 之 (OC *tjɯ, “this; it”) (Wang, 1990). Norman (1988) notes that this derivation would be phonologically problematic. ‖ Original meaning of this character. It is part of the 迎 (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄟˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiá ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gān • Middle-Chinese : ngjenH this; these • Synonym of 這樣／这样 (“like this; such”) • at this moment; right away; at once • here • Used before words for insults to add emphasis. • filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied. • meaningless particle in a sentence. ‖ (obsolete) to welcome; to greet; to receive crawl, creep, grovel • this 這 (eumhun 이 저 (i jeo)) ‖ 這 (eumhun 맞을 언 (majeul eon)) hanja form of 저 (“this; that”) [affix] ‖ hanja form of 언 (“to greet”) [only in Chinese] Hán-Nôm : giá • Hán-Nôm : gió 這
逵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷrɯw) : semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gwij (literary) thoroughfare; crossroads 逵 • (gyu) · 逵 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) 逵
遁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'uːnʔ, *l'uːns) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 盾 (OC *l'uːnʔ, *ɦljunʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : deon⁶ • Middle-Chinese : dwonX • Middle-Chinese : dwonH to escape; to flee; to evade • to hide away; to conceal oneself ‖ 遁(のがれ) • (nogare) to escape, to run away ‖ an escape, a dodge, avoidance, evasion 遁 • (dun, don) · 遁 • (dun, don) (hangeul 둔, 돈, revised dun, don, McCune–Reischauer tun, ton, Yale twun, ton) Hán-Nôm : độn • Hán-Nôm : rộn • Hán-Nôm : trốn • Hán-Nôm : dọn • Hán-Nôm : nhộn • Hán-Nôm : trộn • Hán-Nôm : tuần 遁
遐 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gra (“long (period of time)”). Cognate with Burmese ကြာ (kra, “be a long time (since)”). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah). ‖ Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haa⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hêe • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hēe • Middle-Chinese : hae ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiô ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiah far; distant • long-lasting • (obsolete) why; how ‖ (Hokkien) there ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that; those ‖ (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, degree) so; that • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) final question particle expressing doubt distant 遐 • (ha) · 遐 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha) Hán-Nôm : hà 遐
遑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwang (literary) free time; leisure; spare time • hurried; hasty • how; how can (in rhetorical questions) • Alternative form of 徨 (huáng) • Alternative form of 惶 (huáng, “frightened; terrified”) ‖ be at great leisure • be anxious ‖ 遑 • (hwang) · 遑 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) 遑
遘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːs, *koːs) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs). \ Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *gow ~ *gaw, whence Jingpho gau (kau³³, “cross over”), Burmese ကူး (ku:, “to cross over”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). \ In Chinese, cognate with 覯 (OC *koːs, “to come across”), 姤 (OC *koːs, “gou (hexagram of the I Ching)”). Possible allofams in Chinese include 冓 (OC *koːs) in 中冓 (OC *tuŋ koː, “inner chamber”) and 購 (OC *koːs, “to award”). Compare 遇 (OC *ŋos, “to meet”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kòo • Middle-Chinese : kuwH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàu ^† to meet; to encounter • Alternative form of 構／构 (gòu, “to create; to form”) ‖ (Min) Alternative form of 到 (dào) 遘 • (gu) · 遘 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) 遘
遨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːw) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 敖 (OC *ŋaːw, “ramble”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : ngaw to roam; to ramble; to travel for pleasure • (Southern Min) to spin; to rotate 遨 • (o) · 遨 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o) 遨
遴 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˋ • Middle-Chinese : linH (literary) to select; to choose carefully • a surname ‖ (obsolete) difficult (especially of travel) • Alternative form of 吝 (lìn, “stingy”) align • select • hesitate 遴 • (rin>in) · 遴 • (rin>in) (hangeul 린>인, revised rin>in, McCune–Reischauer rin>in, Yale lin>in) Hán-Nôm : lận 遴
遼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːw) : semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 尞 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : liu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Middle-Chinese : lew distant; far • ^† long; prolonged • (～朝) Liao or Khitan dynasty (907-1125) • (～河, ～水) Liao (a river in Northeast China) • Short for 遼寧／辽宁 (Liáoníng, “Liaoning Province of China”). ‖ 遼(りょう) • (Ryō) ^(←れう (reu)?) faraway ‖ a male given name 遼 • (ryo>yo) · 遼 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : liêu 遼
遽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡas) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 豦 (OC *kas, *ɡa). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kīr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kī • Middle-Chinese : gjoH ‖ post chariot or horse • hurriedly • suddenly • to be afraid • a surname ‖ (Hakka) fast; quick 遽 • (geo) · 遽 • (geo) (hangeul 거, revised geo, McCune–Reischauer kŏ, Yale ke) Hán-Nôm : cự 遽
邁 ;“mile; kilometer per hour” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : māi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mai • Middle-Chinese : maejH to go on a long journey • to stride; to take a step • to pass by; to surpass • old; elderly • mile • (colloquial) kilometer per hour • Alternative form of 勱／劢 (mài) • a surname 邁 • (mae) · 邁 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may) Hán-Nôm : mại • Hán-Nôm : mời • Hán-Nôm : mười 邁
邂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːs) : semantic 辵 + phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Middle-Chinese : heaH Only used in 邂逅 (xièhòu). meet unexpectedly 邂 • (hae) · 邂 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay) 邂
邇 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej (“near”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan ཉེ་བ (nye ba, “near”), Mizo hnai (“near”), Jingpho ni (ni³¹, “near”), Burmese နီး (ni:, “bear near; be close”), 暱 (OC *niɡ, “intimate; close”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄦˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ní • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jínn • Middle-Chinese : nyeX near; close • to approach; to come close to • shallow; easy to understand approach • near, close 邇 • (i) · 邇 • (i) (hangeul 이, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i) 邇
邏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːl, *raːls) : phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl) + semantic 辶 (“walk”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Middle-Chinese : laH to patrol; to inspect; to watch • patrol; vigil; guard 邏 • (ra>na) · 邏 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na) Hán-Nôm : la • Hán-Nôm : lạ 邏
邐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ljeX meandering • winding 邐 • (ri>i) · 邐 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i) get joined on, be continued • continuous and meandering (as mountains, roads, etc.) canonical : 邐: Hán Việt readings: lí • canonical : lệ • canonical : lị 邐: Nôm readings: lí chữ Hán form of lí (“meandering”). 邐
邕 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng Alternative form of 雍 (yōng, “harmony; harmonious”) • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • (literary) former name of Nanning 邕 • (ong) · 邕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong) Hán-Nôm : ung 邕
邢 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jing⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hîng • Middle-Chinese : heng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ a surname • name of ancient state situated in modern-day Hebei province ‖ Synonym of 耿: a place in modern Henan or Shanxi 邢 • (hyeong) · 邢 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng) Hán-Nôm : hình 邢
邱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷɯ) : phonetic 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) + semantic 邑 (“city; town”) \ This character originated from the naming taboo of Confucius, 孔丘 (Kǒng Qiū). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khu • Middle-Chinese : khjuw Alternative form of 丘 (“mound; dune; hill”) • a surname 邱 • (gu) · 邱 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) Hán-Nôm : khâu • Hán-Nôm : khưu 邱
邵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djews) : phonetic 召 (OC *dews, *djews) + semantic 阝. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siō • Middle-Chinese : dzyewH Name of various places in Ancient China. • Short for 邵陽／邵阳 (Shàoyáng, “Shaoyang”). • (～族) Thao people (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, from Thao Thau) • a surname • (Eastern Min) to praise, appreciate • (Eastern Min) to brag • (Eastern Min) to admire 邵 (eum 소 (so)) Hán-Nôm : nghẹo • Hán-Nôm : thiệt 邵
鄉 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round-mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing or semantic shifting. \ In early writing, the character was virtually indistinguishable from 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ). Semantically, 卿 (OC *kʰraŋ, “elder; leader”) and 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ, “community; district; village”), likely cognates too, were both represented by the event depicted in the ideogram – 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ, “ritual feasting”), which was central to the community life (Yang, 1965). \ The right half is unrelated to 郎, as 良 in 鄉 was derived from 皀 during the formation of the clerical script. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiang • Middle-Chinese : xjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng³ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ township • countryside; country; rural area • one's native place • place • state; situation • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 嚮／向 ‖ Alternative form of 饗／飨 (xiǎng) hometown 鄉 • (hyang) · 鄉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang) alternative form of 鄕 Hán-Nôm : hương 鄉
鄒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsru) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 邑 (“city; state”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsau • Middle-Chinese : tsrjuw (historical) Zou (an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty) • (～族) Tsou (a Taiwanese aborigine ethnic group, borrowed from Tsou Cou) • a surname 鄒 (eum 추 (chu)) Hán-Nôm : trâu 鄒
鄧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dɯːŋs) : phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ) + semantic 阝 (“city”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng • Middle-Chinese : dongH The name of an ancient kingdom. • a surname 鄧 (eum 등 (deung)) Hán-Nôm : đặng • Hán-Nôm : đẵng • Hán-Nôm : đựng • Hán-Nôm : nựng • Hán-Nôm : dằng • Hán-Nôm : dựng • Hán-Nôm : đắng • Hán-Nôm : rặng chữ Hán form of Đặng (“a surname”). 鄧
鄭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deŋs) : phonetic 奠 (OC *diːŋs) + semantic 邑. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tēnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tīng • Middle-Chinese : drjengH (historical) Zheng (a former state in modern-day Henan, during the Zhou dynasty) • Used in 鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng, “solemn”). • a surname courteous • (historical) Zheng 鄭 (eumhun 나라 이름 정 (nara ireum jeong)) · 鄭 (eumhun 성씨 정 (seongssi jeong)) (historical) A former state in modern-day Henan • a surname Hán-Nôm : trịnh • Hán-Nôm : Trịnh chữ Hán form of trịnh (“solemn”). • chữ Hán form of Trịnh (“a surname”). 鄭
鄱 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bo³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : po⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ba ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ ‖ ‖ 鄱 • (pa) · 鄱 • (pa) (hangeul 파) 鄱
酊 ‖ Derived from Latin tinctura. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tíng • Middle-Chinese : tengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ding¹ Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng, “heavily intoxicated”). ‖ tincture 酊 • (jeong) · 酊 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) 酊
酋 Pictogram (象形) : Some exposed liquid (八) above an alcohol vessel (酉). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siû • Middle-Chinese : dzjuw chief of a tribe, chieftain • superintendent of the preparation of liquors chief, leader 酋 • (chu) · 酋 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu) Hán-Nôm : tù 酋
酩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ming⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîng • Middle-Chinese : mengX Only used in 酩酊 (mǐngdǐng) and 酩子裡／酩子里. 酩 • (myeong) · 酩 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune–Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng) Hán-Nôm : mỉnh 酩
醃 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iam • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am • Middle-Chinese : 'jem • Middle-Chinese : 'jaem to salt; to pickle; to cure • to marinate 醃 • (eom) · 醃 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, McCune–Reischauer ŏm, Yale em) 醃
醞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan² • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan³ • Middle-Chinese : 'junX • Middle-Chinese : 'junH (literary) to ferment an alcoholic beverage • (literary) wine liquor • spirits • wine • fermentation 醞 • (on) · 醞 • (on) (hangeul 온, revised on, McCune–Reischauer on, Yale on) brew • harmony 醞
醣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 酉 (“oxygenated functional group”) + phonetic 唐. 酉 is a common component in other organic compounds with oxygen, such as 醇 (chún, “alcohol”), 醛 (quán, “aldehyde”) and 酮 (tóng, “ketone”). 醣
醬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaŋs) : phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 酉 (“drink”). \ Possibly from 漿 (OC *[ts]aŋ) with *-s suffix (cf. Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction). ‖ Borrowed from Japanese ちゃん (-chan). ‖ Contraction of 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng) (Zhao and Fang, 2015). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoeng³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiùnn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiònn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàng • Middle-Chinese : tsjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤˋ sauce or paste made of fermented beans, flour, etc. • thick sauce; jam • to cook in soy sauce • (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 花生醬. ‖ (ACG, Internet slang) -chan ‖ (Taiwan, Malaysia or Internet slang) (in) this way • (Malaysia) then; in that case a kind of miso • any jam-like or paste-like food 醬 (eumhun 젓갈 장 (jeotgal jang)) any jam-like or paste-like food canonical : 醬: Hán Việt readings: tương 醬: Nôm readings: tương chữ Hán form of tương (“sauce”). 醬
醺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰun) : semantic 酉 + phonetic 熏 (OC *qʰun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fan¹ • Middle-Chinese : xjun to be drunk; to intoxicate with alcohol hunger 醺
釀 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiōng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liāng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiòng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̄g • Middle-Chinese : nrjangH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄤˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nn̂g • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liông to brew; to ferment • (of bees) to make (honey) • to lead to; to result in • to stuff (a stuffing made of meat, fish, shrimp, etc.) into a vegetable, tofu, etc. and fry or steam • wine; liquor ‖ Only used in 酒釀／酒酿 (jiǔniáng), alternative form of 酒娘 釀 • (yang) · 釀 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) Hán-Nôm : nhưỡng • Hán-Nôm : nưỡng • Hán-Nôm : nẫng • Hán-Nôm : nãng 釀
釁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hìn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hùn • Middle-Chinese : xinH (historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object • (historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object · (archaic) to smear (with blood) • (archaic) crack; rift • dispute; quarrel; feud • a surname to smear with blood 釁 • (heun) · 釁 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun) Hán-Nôm : hấn • Hán-Nôm : hắn 釁
釉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs) : semantic 采 (“color”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iu glaze pottery glaze 釉 • (yu) · 釉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) Hán-Nôm : dứu 釉
釐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : phonetic 𠩺 () + semantic 里. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : phonetic 𠩺 () + semantic 里. Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴⁻¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : li ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hei¹ centi- (SI unit prefix) • cash, a unit of weight, equal to one tenth of a 分 (fēn, “candareen”) • 0.001 dollars, yuan, etc.; 0.1 cents, fen, etc. (currency unit) • unit of monthly interest (0.01%), unit of annual interest (1%) • Alternative form of 嫠 (lí) ‖ Alternative form of 禧 (xǐ, “auspicious; lucky”) • a surname few • one tenth of a bu 釐 (eumhun 고칠 리 (gochil ri), word-initial (South Korea) 고칠 이 (gochil i)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 제육 희 (jeyuk hui)) ‖ 釐 (eumhun 보리 래 (bori rae), word-initial (South Korea) 보리 내 (bori nae)) manage, control • 1/1000 of a foot ‖ ‖ Hán-Nôm : li • Hán-Nôm : ly 釐
釗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ziu¹ • Middle-Chinese : kew • Middle-Chinese : tsyew (literary) to encourage • a surname 釗 • (soe) · 釗 • (soe) (hangeul 쇠, revised soe, McCune–Reischauer soe, Yale soy) Hán-Nôm : chiêu 釗
釘 Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). \ Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘／钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added. \ Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1. \ ; “to die” ‖ Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ). \ Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘／钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added. \ Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1. \ ; “to die” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ting • Middle-Chinese : teng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄥˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tìng • Middle-Chinese : tengH (obsolete, rare) gold slab • nail (spike-shaped fastener) • body piercing • to monitor; to urge • Alternative form of 盯 (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”) • Alternative form of 叮 (dīng, “to sting; to bite”) • (literary) lamp ‖ to nail; to staple • to sew on • (Cantonese, slang) to die • (obsolete, rare) gold ‖ 釘(くぎ) • (kugi) ‖ a nail; a spike made of metal or hard material used to stick something 釘 • (jeong) · 釘 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) Hán-Nôm : đinh • Hán-Nôm : đanh • Hán-Nôm : đính • Hán-Nôm : đĩnh 釘
釦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò • Middle-Chinese : khuwX button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener) • (archery) metal loop at the nock point of a bow string • to engrave; to decorate ‖ button ‖ 釦 • (gu) · 釦 • (gu) (hangeul 구) Hán-Nôm : khấu • Hán-Nôm : khẩu 釦
釧 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰjons) : semantic 金 + phonetic 川 (OC *kʰjon). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuan • Middle-Chinese : tsyhwenH (literary or chiefly Southern Min) bracelet; armlet • a surname bracelet 釧 • (cheon) · 釧 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) Hán-Nôm : xuyến • Hán-Nôm : xén • Hán-Nôm : xoắn • Hán-Nôm : xoăn 釧
釵 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshai • Middle-Chinese : tsrhea (dated) ornamental forked hairpin ‖ 釵(さい) • (sai) ‖ 釵(かんざし) • (kanzashi) ‖ 釵(かざし) • (kazashi) ‖ (weaponry) a sai: a short blunt weapon with a wide guard, used mainly for defense against opponents armed with swords ‖ a hairpin, particularly a fancy decorative hairpin used in Japanese women's hairstyles ‖ (obsolete) an ornamental hairpin (see above) 釵 • (chae, cha) · 釵 • (chae, cha) (hangeul 채, 차, revised chae, cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, ch'a, Yale chay, cha) Hán-Nôm : thoa • Hán-Nôm : soa • Hán-Nôm : sai 釵
鈉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njobs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 內 (OC *nuːbs). \ Borrowed from New Latin natrium. Ultimately from Egyptian nṯrj: R9 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : la̍p ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naap⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Middle-Chinese : nywejH sodium ‖ to forge iron ‖ Alternative form of 枘 (ruì, “tenon”) • Alternative form of 𨧨 (“sharp; pointed”) 鈉 • (nap) · 鈉 • (nap) (hangeul 납, revised nap, McCune–Reischauer nap, Yale nap) 鈉
鈐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Middle-Chinese : gjem official seal • to affix a seal to • tea-curing tool • stratagem; plot; plan; strategy; tactic • (figurative) key (to something) • a surname: Qian 鈐 • (geom) · 鈐 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem) 鈐
鈔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws) : semantic 金 + phonetic 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄠ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshà • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaew • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaewH paper money; banknotes • Alternative form of 抄 ‖ 鈔(しょう) • (shō) ^(←せう (seu)?) ‖ an excerpt, an extract (writing) • an annotation • a unit of volume, equal to one tenth of a 勺 (shaku) and one hundredth of a 合 (gō), or approximately 1.8 millilitres 鈔 • (cho) · 鈔 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho) 鈔
鈕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ). \ The Manchu surname is clipping of 鈕祜祿／钮祜禄 (Niǔhùlù), from Manchu ᠨᡳᠣᡥᡠᡵᡠ (niohuru). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau² • Cantonese · Jyutping : nau⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liú • Middle-Chinese : nrjuwX button (on clothes) • button (something to be pressed) • a surname, particularly common among Manchus ‖ ‖ Hán-Nôm : nữu • Hán-Nôm : nạo • Hán-Nôm : nút 鈕
鈞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷin) : phonetic 匀 (OC *ɢʷin) + semantic 金 (“metal”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwan¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kwan¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kin • Middle-Chinese : kjwin (historical) ancient unit of measure equivalent to 30 catties or 15 kilograms • (polite) you; your • potter's wheel • tone; tune 鈞 • (gyun) · 鈞 • (gyun) (hangeul 균, revised gyun, McCune–Reischauer kyun, Yale kyun) Hán-Nôm : quân 鈞
鈣 Borrowed from New Latin calcium. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : koi³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kài calcium (Ca) calcium (Ca) 鈣 • (gae) · 鈣 • (gae) (hangeul 개, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay) Hán-Nôm : cái 鈣
鈷 ‖ ‖ ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 鈷 – see 瑚. \ (This character is a variant form of 瑚). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu² • Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo • Middle-Chinese : kuX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˋ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kóo cobalt ‖ Only used in 鈷鉧／钴𬭁 (gǔmǔ). ‖ to break ‖ (Southern Min) pot (classifier for bottled liquid) ‖ 鈷(こ) • (ko) an iron (appliance for removing wrinkles from clothing) • (Buddhism) a vajra • cobalt ‖ cobalt 鈷 • (go) · 鈷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) Hán-Nôm : cổ • Hán-Nôm : cỗ 鈷
鈸 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : but⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pua̍h • Middle-Chinese : bat ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : phuah cymbals; bo ‖ (Zhangzhou Hokkien) long sickle • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape with a long sickle 鈸 • (bal) · 鈸 • (bal) (hangeul 발, revised bal, McCune–Reischauer pal, Yale pal) (동발 발, dongbal-): cymbal 鈸 (bạt) 鈸
鈾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû (chemistry) uranium Hán-Nôm : du • Hán-Nôm : do 鈾
鉀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːb, *kraːb) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb, “armour”) \ Borrowed from New Latin kalium. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Middle-Chinese : kap (chemistry) potassium ‖ Only used in 鉀鑪／钾𬬻. 鉀 • (gap) · 鉀 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap) Hán-Nôm : giáp 鉀
鉋 ‖ 鉋(かんな) • (kanna) ‖ 鉋(かな) • (kana) a plane (woodworking) ‖ (woodworking tools) a plane ‖ (woodworking tools, possibly dialect) a plane 鉋 • (po) · 鉋 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho) 鉋
鉑 ; “thin sheet of metal” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : po̍k Alternative form of 箔 (bó, “thin sheet of metal”) • (chemistry) platinum (metal) 鉑 (eumhun 금백 백 (geumbaek baek)) hanja form of 금 (“gold leaf, platinum”) Hán-Nôm : bạc • Hán-Nôm : bạch silver 鉑
鉗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kim⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : kem⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khînn • Middle-Chinese : gjem claw of a crustacean (Classifier: 個／个 c) • pincers, pliers, tongs • to grab or pinch with a plier or a crustacean claw 鉗 • (gyeom) · 鉗 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem) 鉗
銃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjuŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 充 (OC *l̥ʰjuŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cung³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshìng • Middle-Chinese : tsyhuwngH blunderbuss • (Eastern Min, Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) gun; firearm (Classifier: 支 mn) ‖ 銃(じゅう) • (jū) ^(←じゆう (zyuu)?) ‖ 銃(つつ) • (tsutsu) gun ‖ gun (firearm) ‖ gun, firearm 銃 • (chong) · 銃 • (chong) (hangeul 총) gun, rifle, firearm Hán-Nôm : súng • Hán-Nôm : xúng gun, firearm 銃
銓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁴ • Middle-Chinese : tshjwen to estimate • to select 銓 • (jeon) · 銓 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 銓
銖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsu • Middle-Chinese : dzyu (historical) zhu (an ancient Chinese unit of weight notionally equivalent to 100 millet seeds or 1/24 liang/tael, chiefly used for denominating small coins) • Thai baht (currency unit) • a surname 銖 • (su) · 銖 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 銖
銜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːm) : semantic 行 + phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haam⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm • Middle-Chinese : haem to hold in the mouth • to harbor (hold in one's thoughts) • to connect • rank; title • (literary, or in compounds) to accept • (literary, or in compounds) bit (of a horse) 銜 • (ham) · 銜 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham) Hán-Nôm : hàm 銜
銬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kaau³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kau³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khàu shackles; manacles • to shackle; to manacle 銬
銳 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : juē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luē • Middle-Chinese : ywejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄟˋ • Middle-Chinese : dwajH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ sharp; keen; acute; pointed • 14th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "penetration" (𝌓) ‖ A kind of spear-like weapon. ‖ ^‡ Only used in 銚銳／铫锐 (“basin”). pointed • sharpness • edge • weapon • sharp • violent 銳 • (ye, tae) · 銳 • (ye, tae) (hangeul 예, 태, revised ye, tae, McCune–Reischauer ye, t'ae, Yale yey, thay) sharp • swift • agile Hán-Nôm : nhuệ • Hán-Nôm : nhọn 銳
銷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sew) : semantic 金 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : siu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siau • Middle-Chinese : sjew to melt • to sell • to expend • to cancel; to write off • to bolt • peg; pin; bolt • a surname: Xiao 銷 • (so) · 銷 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so) Hán-Nôm : tiêu • Hán-Nôm : tiu • Hán-Nôm : tỏe • Hán-Nôm : toẻ 銷
銻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːl) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls). ‖ Borrowed from New Latin stibium. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˊ • Middle-Chinese : dej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : the (obsolete) Only used in 鎕銻／𰾯锑 (tángtí, “a type of gemstone, with a fire-like appearance”). ‖ (chemistry) antimony 銻 • (je) · 銻 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey) 銻
銼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰoːls, *zoːl, *zoːɡ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 坐 (OC *zoːlʔ, *zoːls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshò • Middle-Chinese : dzwa • Middle-Chinese : tshwaH • Middle-Chinese : dzuwk carpenter's file, file smooth 銼
鋁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 呂. \ Borrowed from New Latin aluminium. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lū • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǐr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí (chemistry) aluminium; aluminum aluminum 鋁 • (ryeo) · 鋁 • (ryeo) (hangeul 려, revised ryeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ, Yale lye) Hán-Nôm : lã • Hán-Nôm : lữ 鋁
鋅 Borrowed from English zinc. ‖ For pronunciation and definitions of 鋅 – see 釨. \ (This character is a variant form of 釨). \ Borrowed from English sink. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : san¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sin ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sing¹ (chemistry) zinc ‖ (Cantonese) Only used in 鋅盆／锌盆. 鋅 • (ja) · 鋅 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca) 鋅
鋒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hong • Middle-Chinese : phjowng pointed edge; cutting edge • (figurative) vanguard; pioneer • (meteorology) front ‖ 鋒(ほこ) • (hoko) ‖ Alternative spelling of 矛 鋒 • (bong) · 鋒 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong, Yale pong) Hán-Nôm : phong 鋒
鋤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zra) : semantic 金 + phonetic 助 (OC *zras). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo • Middle-Chinese : dzrjo hoe • to hoe; to dig • to remove; to get rid of; to eradicate • (Cantonese) to bring someone negative consequences 鋤 • (seo) · 鋤 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se) (호미 서): hoe (short-handled, one-handed) • (김맬 서): to weed, eradicate, compare mow, hew, hoe. • (없앨 서): to remove, eliminate Hán-Nôm : sừ • Hán-Nôm : xừ 鋤
鋪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ). Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo • Middle-Chinese : phu • Middle-Chinese : phju ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pou³⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phòo • Middle-Chinese : phuH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : pou¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo to spread out; to arrange • to display • to pave; to tile; to lay • (Cantonese) Classifier for games or matches. • (Cantonese) Classifier for addictions. ‖ store (Classifier: 間／间 c) • relay station for post horses • (Cantonese, Northern Min, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Nanning Pinghua, Wenzhounese) unit of distance equivalent to 10 li ‖ bed 鋪 • (po) · 鋪 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho) Hán-Nôm : phô • Hán-Nôm : phố • Hán-Nôm : pho 鋪
鋭 ‖ 鋭(えい) • (ei) ‖ 鋭(えい) • (ei) -na (adnominal 鋭(えい)な (ei na), adverbial 鋭(えい)に (ei ni)) ‖ 鋭(えい) • (ei) sharp ‖ sharp; pointed; acute; keen ‖ (literary) keen ‖ (literary) sharp weapon • (literary) elite; pick 鋭 • (ye, tae) · 鋭 • (ye, tae) (hangeul 예, 태, revised ye, tae, McCune–Reischauer ye, t'ae, Yale yey, thay) Hán-Nôm : nhọn • Hán-Nôm : nhuệ • Hán-Nôm : duệ 鋭
鋸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kas) : semantic 金 + phonetic 居 (OC *kɯ, *kas). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kù • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kì • Middle-Chinese : kjoH ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : goe¹ saw (tool) (Classifier: 把 m c) • to saw • to amputate • (dialectal) to play (a stringed instrument) ‖ to kill; to slaughter • (Cantonese, figuratively) to swindle (to obtain by deceitful methods) ‖ 鋸(のこぎり) or 鋸(ノコギリ) • (nokogiri) saw ‖ a saw (tool) 鋸 (eum 거 (geo)) Hán-Nôm : cưa 鋸
錐 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jeoi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsui • Middle-Chinese : tsywij awl • awl-like object • to drill; to bore • cone; pyramid ‖ 錐(きり) • (kiri) ‖ 錐(すい) • (sui) ‖ a pointy tool used to make holes, such as a drill, a gimlet, an auger or an awl ‖ Clipping of 錐体 (suitai, “cone or pyramid”). 錐 (eum 추 (chu)) Hán-Nôm : dùi 錐
錘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *dol, *dols, *du) : semantic 金 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol). Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceoi⁴⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuî • Middle-Chinese : drjwe • Middle-Chinese : drjweH hammer • mace (weapon) • (literally, figuratively) to hammer into shape; to forge • (Mainland China, neologism, slang) proof • (historical) an ancient unit of weight • a surname: Chui ‖ 錘(おもり) • (omori) weight, sinker • spindle ‖ Alternative form of 重り (omori, “weight; sinker”) 錘 • (chu) · 錘 • (chu) (hangeul 추) Hán-Nôm : chuy • Hán-Nôm : chùy • Hán-Nôm : chuỳ • Hán-Nôm : dùi • Hán-Nôm : thùy • Hán-Nôm : thuỳ 錘
錚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰreːŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zang¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrheang onomatopoeia for the sound of metal objects being struck • (historical) an ancient type of percussion instrument, made of copper, bell-shaped, and narrow, used to pace the marching of armies gong • onomatopoeia for the sound of metal objects being struck 錚 (eumhun 쇳소리 쟁 (soetsori jaeng)) metallic sound • gong (a type of percussion instrument used in folk music) Hán-Nôm : trành • Hán-Nôm : tranh 錚
錨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : mâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : biâu anchor ‖ 錨(いかり) • (ikari) ‖ 錨(びょう) • (byō) ^(←べう (beu)?) ‖ (nautical) an anchor (tool to moor a vessel into the sea bottom) • an anchor-shaped tool on the end of a rope or other line, used to secure the line • an anchor-shaped grapnel • a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) in the shape of an anchor ‖ (nautical) anchor 錨 • (myo) · 錨 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, revised myo, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo) (닻): anchor Hán-Nôm : miêu 錨
錫 Characters in the same phonetic series (易) (Zhengzhang, 2003) ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sek⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sik • Middle-Chinese : sek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˊ ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sek³ tin ‖ ^† Alternative form of 賜／赐 (“to bestow; to confer”) ‖ (Cantonese) Alternative form of 惜 (sek3, “to cherish; to kiss”) ‖ 錫(しゃく) • (shaku) tin ‖ Short for 錫杖. 錫 • (seok) · 錫 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek) Hán-Nôm : thiếc • Hán-Nôm : tích • Hán-Nôm : xích 錫
錳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 孟. \ From New Latin manganum. Cantonese · Jyutping : maang⁵ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bíng (chemistry) manganese 錳 • (maeng) · 錳 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng) 錳
錶 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 + phonetic 表 (OC *prawʔ). \ Differentiated character from 表 (biǎo) coined c. 1900. Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pió watch (portable timepiece) (Classifier: 塊／块 m) • (specifically) wristwatch (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • gauge; meter; instrument Hán-Nôm : biểu 錶
鍍 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo • Middle-Chinese : du • Middle-Chinese : duH to plate; to cover (a metal object) with a thin coating of a different metal 鍍 • (do) · 鍍 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to) 鍍
鍥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keːd, *kʰeːd) : semantic 金 (“metal; gold”) + phonetic 契 (OC *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : keh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kueh • Middle-Chinese : ket • Middle-Chinese : khet Hán-Nôm : kết 鍥
鍬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw) – a metal shovel. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu shovel; spade ‖ 鍬(くわ) • (kuwa) ^(←くは (kufa)?) ‖ 鍬(くわ) • (Kuwa) ^(←くは (kufa)?) hoe ‖ a hoe (agricultural tool) ‖ a surname 鍬 (eum 초 (cho)) (가래 초): a spade, shovel, ploughshare Hán-Nôm : thâu 鍬
鍾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsing • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiong • Middle-Chinese : tsyowng vessel for containing alcohol • to concentrate one's love or attention • unit of capacity • Alternative form of 鐘／钟 (zhōng, “percussion musical instrument; bell”) • (obsolete, chiefly Nanzhao) younger brother • a surname ‖ 鍾(しょう) • (shō) bronze jar used for storing alcohol ‖ bronze jar used for storing alcohol 鍾 • (jong) · 鍾 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong) 음훈: [술병 종] 술병, 술잔 = alcohol bottle, alcohol glass, alcohol receptacle Hán-Nôm : chung • Hán-Nôm : chuông 鍾
鎂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 美 (měi). \ Borrowed from New Latin magnesium. ‖ Decomposition of the character into its components. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁵ gam¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bí-kim (chemistry) magnesium ‖ (neologism, Internet slang) Alternative form of 美金 (měijīn) 鎂 • (mi) · 鎂 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi) Hán-Nôm : mĩ 鎂
鎊 ‖ Borrowed from English pound. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤ • Middle-Chinese : phang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄤˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bong⁶ ‖ pound (unit of currency) 鎊 • (bang) · 鎊 • (bang) (hangeul 방) 鎊
鎔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 容 (OC *loŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iông • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iûnn • Middle-Chinese : yowng mould for casting • to melt by heat; to turn solid into liquid by heat to melt by heat • mould for casting 鎔 • (yong) · 鎔 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong) 鎔
鎢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaː) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 烏 (OC *qaː). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Middle-Chinese : 'u ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo Only used in 鎢錥／钨𫓾. ‖ (chemistry) tungsten; wolfram Hán-Nôm : ô 鎢
鎳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nip¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gia̍t nickel (an element) 鎳 • (eol) · 鎳 • (eol) (hangeul 얼, revised eol, McCune–Reischauer ŏl, Yale el) 鎳
鏃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːɡ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 族 (OC *zoːɡ). \ Compare འཛུགས ('dzugs, “to insert; to plant”) (Sagart, 2017d; Hill, 2019), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-(d)z(j)u(ː)k (“to pierce; to plant; to erect”). \ Sagart (2017) also compares it to Jingpho achyo (“to stab”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄘㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k • Middle-Chinese : tsuwk (literary) arrowhead; barb • (literary) sharp • (literary) swift; quick ‖ 鏃(やじり) • (yajiri) ‖ arrowhead 鏃 • (jok) · 鏃 • (jok) (hangeul 족, revised jok, McCune–Reischauer chok, Yale cok) 鏃
鏈 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen) : semantic 金 + phonetic 連 (OC *ren). \ From 連 (MC ljen). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liān ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : trhjen • Middle-Chinese : ljen chain; wire; cable • chain; shack • to chain • chain (unit of length equal to 22 yards) ‖ copper • lead mine • mine chain • irons • connection 鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) · 鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연) Hán-Nôm : liên 鏈
鏑 ‖ Borrowed from New Latin dysprosium. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tek ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dik¹ arrowhead ‖ (chemistry) dysprosium 鏑 • (jeok) · 鏑 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek) Hán-Nôm : đích 鏑
鏖 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : 'aw ‖ (literary) to fight to the end; to engage in a fierce battle • fierce • clamorous • (obsolete) kettle ‖ unclean; unkempt • dust; waste; rubbish massacre, annihilation, wholesale slaughter 鏖 • (o) · 鏖 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o, Yale o) 鏖
鏗 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khing • Middle-Chinese : kheang to strike, beat, stroke • jingling onomatopoeia of something hard hits • to strike, to beat 鏗 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 갱 (geumok sori gaeng)) Hán-Nôm : keng • Hán-Nôm : khanh 鏗
鏘 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coeng¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshjang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄧㄤ (onomatopoeia) tinkle; clang; jingle (sound of metal or jade) ‖ (Taiwan, slang) Alternative form of ㄎㄧㄤ (kiāng) tinkle 鏘 (eumhun 금옥(金玉) 소리 장 (geumok sori jang)) tinkle Hán-Nôm : tương 鏘
鏜 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹ • Middle-Chinese : thang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong⁴ a type of small copper drum • (onomatopoeia) drum or gong sound ‖ to bore hole boring tool 鏜 • (dang) · 鏜 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) boring tool 鏜
鏟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋ̊ʰreːnʔ, *sŋ̊ʰraːns) : semantic 金 + phonetic 產 (OC *sŋreːnʔ). Cantonese · Jyutping : caan² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián • Middle-Chinese : tsrheanX • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaenH spade; shovel; scoop • to shovel; to level off • to root out; to destroy • (Hong Kong Cantonese) to delete (data on a computer or other device) 鏟 • (san) · 鏟 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san) canonical : 鏟: Hán Việt readings: sạn • canonical : sản 鏟: Nôm readings: sản • canonical : san • canonical : sán • canonical : xẻng • canonical : sám chữ Hán form of sạn (“shovel”). • Nôm form of xẻng (“shovel”). 鏟
鏢 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piau • Middle-Chinese : phjiew dart; spear; harpoon • (archaic) goods sent under the protection of an armed escort 鏢 (eum 표 (pyo)) Hán-Nôm : tiu 鏢
鏽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɯwɢs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ). \ Related to 鏉 (OC *srus) (Wang, 1982). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siù rust (deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation) • to rust; to get rusty; to corrode; to oxidise • incrustation • rust (disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus) ‖ ‖ 鏽 • (su) · 鏽 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 鏽
鐃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rŋaːw) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : naau⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nâ • Middle-Chinese : nraew (historical) wide upward-facing bronze bell connected to a short handle and struck with a mallet, used in battle to halt or recall troops • (music) big cymbals • Alternative form of 撓／挠 (náo, “to disturb; to argue; to debate”) ‖ 鐃(にょう) • (nyō) ^(←ねう (neu)?) ‖ 鐃(どう) • (dō) ^(←だう (dau)?) ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples ‖ in ancient China, a gong used in the army to signal the drumming to stop • (Buddhism) a kind of gong used at Buddhist temples 鐃 • (nyo>yo) · 鐃 • (nyo>yo) (hangeul 뇨>요, revised nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer nyo>yo, Yale nyo>yo) 鐃
鐮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rem) : semantic 金 (“gold; metal”) + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjam (“sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lim⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : ljem sickle Alternative form of 鎌 (“sickle”) canonical : 鐮: Hán Việt readings: liêm 鐮: Nôm readings: liềm • canonical : liêm • canonical : lẹm Nôm form of liềm (“sickle”). 鐮
鐲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rdoːɡ, *zroːɡ, *djoɡ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ). Cantonese · Jyutping : zuk⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : so̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sio̍k • Middle-Chinese : dzyowk • Middle-Chinese : draewk ^⁜ bangle; rigid bracelet • (historical) bell used to control the pace of marching troops canonical : 鐲: Hán Việt readings: trạc 鐲: Nôm readings: đúc • canonical : đục • canonical : đọc • canonical : chạc • canonical : trọc chữ Hán form of trạc (“bracelet, gong (instrument)”). • Nôm form of đúc (“to cast metal”). 鐲
鐳 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ruːl) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 雷 (OC *ruːl). \ Borrowed from English radium. ‖ Borrowed from Malay duit, from Dutch duit. ‖ Transliteration character. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : lui ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luî • Middle-Chinese : lwoj (chemistry) radium ‖ (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; Zhongshan Min) copper cash; coin • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for copper cash. • (Malaysian Cantonese and Singapore Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien; slang in Hong Kong Cantonese) money ‖ Only used in 鐳射／镭射 (léishè). ‖ (archaic) bottle; pitcher 鐳
鐸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːɡ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dok⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : dak (historical) large bronze bell with a wooden or bronze clapper and a long handle, used for war and to announce proclamations • a surname ‖ 鐸(ぬりて) • (nurite) ‖ 鐸(ぬて) • (nute) ‖ 鐸(さなき) • (sanaki) ‖ 鐸(たく) • (taku) a bell used for signaling • wind chime ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling ‖ (historical) an ancient large iron bell used in rituals ‖ a large bell made of copper or bronze with a long handle on the top to grab and ring 鐸 (eumhun 방울 탁 (bang'ul tak)) hanja form of 탁 (“bell”) Hán-Nôm : đạc • Hán-Nôm : đác 鐸
鐺 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dong¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tong • Middle-Chinese : tang ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caang¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing¹ • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaeng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tong¹ (onomatopoeia) Metallic sound: clank; clang • (literary) earring of women ‖ shallow, flat pan; griddle • an ancient type of pot with legs ‖ a type of small copper drum chain • tip of a scabbard • flatiron 鐺 • (dang) · 鐺 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang) canonical : 鐺: Hán Việt readings: sanh • canonical : thang • canonical : đang • canonical : đương • canonical : tang 鐺: Nôm readings: đương • canonical : xanh wok 鐺
鑒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaam³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kàm • Middle-Chinese : ken • Middle-Chinese : kaemH (bronze) mirror • to inspect; to examine • to reflect; to mirror • to evaluate; to assess • perceptiveness; vigilance • reflection • lesson; example; warning • (historical) large reflective basin for holding water or ice ‖ ‖ 鑒 (eumhun 거울 감 (geoul gam)) Alternative form of 鑑 (“hanja form of 감 (“mirror; inspection”)”) Hán-Nôm : giám • Hán-Nôm : gương 鑒
鑠 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰljawɢ) : semantic 金 (“gold”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siak • Middle-Chinese : syak to melt by heat; to fuse (metal) • (literary) to weaken; to wear down • (archaic) to permeate; to seep into • fine; glorious • Alternative form of 爍／烁 (“bright; brilliant; glittering”) 鑠 • (sak) · 鑠 • (sak) (hangeul 삭, revised sak, McCune–Reischauer sak, Yale sak) 鑠
鑣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : pjew horse bit • (metonymically) horse, or any similar animal used for riding • Alternative form of 鏢／镖 (biāo, “dart; goods sent under the protection of an armed escort”) 鑣 • (pyo) · 鑣 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo) 鑣
鑰 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lowɢ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 龠 (OC *lowɢ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joek⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io̍h • Middle-Chinese : yak Alternative form of 𨷲 (“bolt”) • lock (device or mechanism) • key (to a lock) • (figurative) key (to something) • (figurative) strategic place • a surname lock 鑰 • (yak) · 鑰 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune–Reischauer yak, Yale yak) Hán-Nôm : dược • Hán-Nôm : thược • Hán-Nôm : thước 鑰
鑲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sionn • Middle-Chinese : nyang • Middle-Chinese : sjang • Middle-Chinese : nrjang to insert; to inlay; set; mount • to fill • to rim; to edge; to border 鑲 • (yang) · 鑲 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) Hán-Nôm : tương 鑲
鑼 Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lo⁴⁻² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Middle-Chinese : la gong (Classifier: 面 m) ‖ 鑼(どら) • (dora) a gong ‖ Alternative spelling of 銅鑼: a gong 鑼 • (ra>na) · 鑼 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na) Hán-Nôm : la 鑼
鑽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns) : semantic 釒 + phonetic 贊 (OC *ʔsaːns). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns) : semantic 釒 + phonetic 贊 (OC *ʔsaːns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn • Middle-Chinese : tswan ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyun³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsǹg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsuìnn • Middle-Chinese : tswanH to drill; to bore • to study intensively • to go deep into or go through; to get into; to break through; to pierce • to secure personal gain ‖ drill; auger (tool) • diamond to start a fire (by friction) 鑽 • (chan) · 鑽 • (chan) (hangeul 찬) Hán-Nôm : toản • Hán-Nôm : xoảng • Hán-Nôm : xoàn 鑽
鑾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan a bell attached to a carriage • the carriage of the emperor bell(s) attached to an emperor's carriage • emperor's carriage • emperor 鑾 • (ran>nan) · 鑾 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan) Hán-Nôm : loan 鑾
鑿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 (). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶⁻² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsha̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tso̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k • Middle-Chinese : dzak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄠˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zok⁶ • Middle-Chinese : tsak ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨˊ • Middle-Chinese : dzuwk chisel • to bore; to cut a hole; to chisel • to dig • (obsolete) tool for tattooing the face as punishment • (literary) to interpret in a strained manner • (obsolete) Used in 鑿行／凿行. • (obsolete) Used in 鑿空／凿空 (záokōng). • (obsolete) feeling; emotion • (literary or Beijing Mandarin) to beat forcefully • (Hokkien) to stab; to pierce • (Mainland China Hokkien) to criticize with pointed words; to poke holes in people's holes or secrets • (Taiwanese Hokkien) feeling uncomfortable (when worn, etc.) ‖ hole; mortise • tunnel ‖ real; authentic; irrefutable • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “to polish (rice)”) • ^† Alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “polished rice”) • Used in 鑿鑿／凿凿 (zuòzuò). ‖ ^† to carve • ^† Alternative form of 鏃／镞 (“arrow”) 鑿 (eumhun 뚫을 착 (ttureul chak)) ‖ 鑿 (eumhun 구멍 조 (gumeong jo)) hanja form of 착 (“to bore; to pierce”) ‖ (archaic) hanja form of 조 (“hole”) Hán-Nôm : tạc • Hán-Nôm : toạc 鑿
閂 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 一 (“crossbar”) ― a crossbar over a gate; sealing it closed. \ Compare 關. \ Related to 關 (OC *kroːn) (Zhengzhang, 2003). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : suan ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch • (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close (a door, a gate, etc.) • (Cantonese) to switch off; to turn off ‖ bolt; latch; crossbar • to bolt; to latch; to lock ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (kwannuki)?) ‖ 閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (Kwannuki)?) ‖ a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch • (sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar ‖ a surname 閂
閃 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 人 (“person”) — a person running through a gate. \ Possibly iterative devoicing of 燄 (OC *lamʔ, “to be flaming up”) (Schuessler, 2007). ‖ Ultimately from Hebrew שם (Šēm). ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siám • Middle-Chinese : syemX • Middle-Chinese : syemH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sim² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Siám ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sinnh • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sih • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sínn to dodge; to evade • to twist; to sprain; to pull a muscle • to flash • lightning; flash • to sparkle; to shine • sparkling; shiny • to rock; to sway • (dialectal) to leave behind • (Cantonese, colloquial) to leave, especially quickly or suddenly • (neologism) affectionate between couples • a surname ‖ Shem (Biblical character) ‖ (Southern Min) Alternative form of 爍／烁 ‖ 閃(せん) • (Sen) flash • brandish ‖ a female given name 閃 (eumhun 번쩍일 섬 (beonjjeogil seom)) hanja form of 섬 (“flash”) Hán-Nôm : thiểm 閃
閒 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“door”) + 月 (“moon”) – moonlight peeking through a door – interstice; space (original character of 間). \ Karlgren (1957) and Baxter (1992) connect this word with 間 (OC *kreːn, “interstice time”). \ Alternatively, Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with 暇 (OC *ɡraːs, “to be at leisure”). \ Schuessler (2007) considers this unrelated to 間 (OC *kreːn, *kreːns), and instead proposes that this is borrowed from Tai languages, akin to Thai คร้าน (kráan, “lazy; indolent”). 懶 (OC *raːnʔ, “lazy”) may be a colloquial reflex of the same word (ibid.). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : îng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uînn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : âinn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hân • Middle-Chinese : hean not busy; idle • vacant; unoccupied; unused • leisurely and carefree • trivial; unimportant • unrelated to one's proper business; extraneous; belonging to others • relaxed; peaceful; tranquil; calm • leisure; spare time; free time • (gambling) player (instead of banker) • a surname • (Hakka) Alternative form of 還／还 (“very”) 閒 • (han, gan) · 閒 • (han, gan) (hangeul 한, 간, revised han, gan, McCune–Reischauer han, kan, Yale han, kan) leisure, idle • peaceful, tranquil, calm Hán-Nôm : gian • Hán-Nôm : nhàn • Hán-Nôm : gián 閒
閔 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯnʔ) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bín • Middle-Chinese : minX to pity; to feel compassion for • to worry; to concern • a surname 閔 • (min) · 閔 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min) Hán-Nôm : mẫn 閔
閘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄚˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍p • Middle-Chinese : kap • Middle-Chinese : 'aep sluice; floodgate • switch; breaker; brake • (chiefly Cantonese) gate (Classifier: 道 c) • to dam • (Cantonese, Southern Min) to block; to obstruct • (Hong Kong, soccer) fullback • a surname 閘 • (gap) · 閘 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap) 閘
閡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɡɯːɡs) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngoi⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngojH to separate; to cut off blocked or separated • to prevent 閡
閤 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Middle-Chinese : kop ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ (literary) side door • throne room • (alt. form 閣) chamber; pavilion • (alt. form 閣) female quarters • a surname ‖ (alt. form 合, 闔) to close; to shut • (alt. form 闔) all of; whole of; entire 閤 • (hap) · 閤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap) Hán-Nôm : các 閤
閨 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷeː) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː, “pointed jade tablet”) – arched door in the shape of a 圭 (guī). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kui • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Middle-Chinese : kwej (literary) small arched gate • boudoir; lady's chamber 閨 • (gyu) · 閨 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu) Hán-Nôm : khuê 閨
閩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯn, *mɯn) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). The 虫 radical was a common component of the names of barbarians (Schuessler, 2007), probably reflecting the Min people's worship of snakes (Li, 2017). \ Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT. \ In most modern Min dialects and some other southern dialects (including Hakka and Xiang), it is read with a level tone (平聲), which is the expected reflex based on rime dictionaries. In Mandarin and the remaining southern dialects, it is read with a rising tone (上聲), probably due to analogy with the phonetic component of 閔 (MC minX) (Li, 2017). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˇ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄣˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bîn • Middle-Chinese : min • Middle-Chinese : mjun (historical) Min people (ancient ethnic group) • (～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China) • Fujian • (～語, ～方言) Min languages • a surname ‖ 閩(びん) • (Bin) ‖ Min, one of the Ten Kingdoms of China 閩 • (min) · 閩 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min) Hán-Nôm : mân 閩
閭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ra) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 呂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leoi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Middle-Chinese : ljo (literary) gate of a lane or alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley • (literary) neighborhood; hamlet; lane; alley · (historical) village or neighbourhood of twenty-five families (according to certain historical sources of various authenticity) • a surname ‖ 閭(りょ) • (ryo) rural area ‖ gate of a village 閭 • (ryeo>yeo) · 閭 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) Hán-Nôm : lữ • Hán-Nôm : lừ • Hán-Nôm : lư 閭
閱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lod) : semantic 門 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ua̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍t • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : et • Middle-Chinese : ywet (literary, or in compounds) to inspect; to examine; to review • (literary, or in compounds) to read; to peruse • (literary, or in compounds) to experience; to go through • a surname: Yue to review manuscripts; to read attentively • to inspect; to censor; to review troops 閱 (eumhun 검열할 열 (geomyeolhal yeol)) inspect Hán-Nôm : duyệt 閱
閲 ‖ 閲(えつ) • (etsu) ‖ 閲(えつ) • (etsu) to review manuscripts; to read attentively • to inspect; to censor; to review troops ‖ read; view; examine; inspect • pass (of time); elapse ‖ (literary) viewing; reading; inspection 閲 (eumhun 검열할 열 (geomyeolhal yeol)) inspect Hán-Nôm : duyệt • Hán-Nôm : dượt 閲
閻 Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâm • Middle-Chinese : yem village gate • a surname village gate • good-looking • used as a phonetic sign for the transcription of Sanskrit 閻 • (yeom) · 閻 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem) Hán-Nôm : diêm 閻
闆 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baan² ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄢˇ Only used in 老闆／老板 (lǎobǎn). ‖ ^‡ to look from a door 闆 • (ban) · 闆 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan) inside the gate [door, window] • adult • landlord • plank 闆
闈 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hjw+j side door of the palace • imperial concubines' residence • one's parents' bedroom • women's quarters • (historical) imperial examination hall or room gate, door • living quarters 闈 • (wi) · 闈 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi) gate • royal palace • inner room 闈
闊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰoːd) : semantic 門 (“gate; door”) + phonetic 活 (OC *koːd, *ɡoːd) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khuah • Middle-Chinese : khwat broad; wide • rich; wealthy • empty; impractical • (Hokkien) big (of someone's mouth) 闊 • (hwal) · 闊 • (hwal) (hangeul 활, revised hwal, McCune–Reischauer hwal, Yale hwal) Hán-Nôm : khoát • Hán-Nôm : khoắt 闊
闋 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : khwet (literary) to stop; to end • Classifier for songs, poems, etc. • Classifier for stanzas of a poem. close • shut • watch-tower • rest 闋 • (gyeol) · 闋 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune–Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel) 闋
闌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : laan⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Middle-Chinese : lan door screen • railing; fence • to exhaust; to use up; to end; to finish; to wane • late (in time) rise high • be well along 闌 • (ran>nan) · 闌 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan) Hán-Nôm : làn • Hán-Nôm : lan 闌
闐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *diːn, *diːns) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 眞 (OC *ʔljin) ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : den ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin⁴ • Middle-Chinese : denH Used in 闐闐／阗阗; also used as its short form. • (alt. form 填) to fill up ‖ Used in place names 闐
闔 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hap⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ha̍p • Middle-Chinese : hap ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kha̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khah (literary) door; door leaf • (literary) all of; whole of; entire • (literary) to close; to shut • Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”) • a surname. ‖ (Southern Min) to close, leaving it slightly open • (Mainland China Hokkien) to be detained; to be held up; to get stuck to close; to shut • whole; entire; all • Alternative form of 扉 (“door”) 闔 • (hap) · 闔 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap) to close; to shut • whole; entire; all Hán-Nôm : hạp 闔
闖 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – a horse (馬) rushing through a gate (門). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cam³ • Middle-Chinese : trhimH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong² • Cantonese · Jyutping : cong³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuàng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshuànn to peek ‖ to rush in; to burst in • to break through; to charge • to lead to (a negative outcome); to incur; to bring about • a surname: Chuang rush in, burst in 闖 • (teum) · 闖 • (teum) (hangeul 틈, revised teum, McCune–Reischauer t'ŭm, Yale thum) 闖
闡 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin² • Cantonese · Jyutping : sin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshián • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshán • Middle-Chinese : tsyhenX clarify • kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit 闡 • (cheon) · 闡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) Hán-Nôm : xiển • Hán-Nôm : xén • Hán-Nôm : sởn • Hán-Nôm : xển • Hán-Nôm : xèng • Hán-Nôm : siển • Hán-Nôm : xẻn • Hán-Nôm : xởn 闡
闢 In the bronze script, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“door”) + 𠬜 (“two hands pushing open the door”) – to open. \ Since the seal script, now a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beɡ) : semantic 門 + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ). \ Compare 開. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pi̍t • Middle-Chinese : bjiek to open • to settle; to develop; to open up 闢 • (byeok) · 闢 • (byeok) (hangeul 벽, revised byeok, McCune–Reischauer pyŏk, Yale pyek) Hán-Nôm : tịch 闢
阡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːn) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 千 (OC *sn̥ʰiːn). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Middle-Chinese : tshen (literary) footpath between fields going north to south (financial, archaic) thousand 阡 • (cheon) · 阡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) canonical : 阡: Hán Việt readings: thiên 阡: Nôm readings: thiên chữ Hán form of thiên (“bank of a rice paddy”). 阡
阮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋon, *ŋonʔ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon). \ ; “ruan (musical instrument)” ‖ Contraction of 我儂／我侬 (góa-nâng, “we”). See 儂 (“person; pronoun suffix”) for more. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄨㄢˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ńg • Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uínn • Middle-Chinese : ngjwonX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : guán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gún ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Middle-Chinese : ngjwon a surname: Ruan, Yuen, Nguyễn • (historical) state of Ruan (a small state during the Shang Dynasty) • ruan (a Chinese long-necked fretted round-bodied plucked lute) ‖ (Southern Min, exclusive) we; our • (Hokkien) I; my ‖ The name of a mountain. • Alternative form of 原 (yuán), only used in 五阮關／五阮关. 阮 • (wan, won) · 阮 • (wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune–Reischauer wan, wŏn, Yale wan, wen) canonical : 阮: Hán Việt readings: nguyễn 阮: Nôm readings: nguyễn Chữ Hán form of Nguyễn (“a surname from Chinese.”). 阮
阱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 阝 (“mound”) + phonetic 井 (OC *skeŋʔ, “well”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zing⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeng² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsínn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsénn • Middle-Chinese : dzjengX pitfall, trap 阱 (eum 정 (jeong)) 阱
陀 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ steep bank; rough terrain ‖ (literary) to collapse 陀 (eum 타 (ta)) canonical : 陀: Hán Việt readings: đà 陀: Nôm readings: đà • canonical : đã • canonical : đờ Nôm form of đã (“to finish, conclude”). • Nôm form of đờ (“sluggish”). 陀
陲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djol) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seoi⁴ • Middle-Chinese : dzywe frontier; border 陲 • (su) · 陲 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 陲
隍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːŋ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 皇 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Middle-Chinese : hwang dry moat • the tutelary deity of a Chinese village, town, or city dry moat 隍 • (hwang) · 隍 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) canonical : 隍: Hán Việt readings: hoàng 隍: Nôm readings: hoàng chữ Hán form of hoàng (“dry moat”). 隍
随 ‖ 随(ずい) • (zui) ‖ 随(ずい) • (zui) ^†-nari ‖ 随(まにま) • (manima) follow, though, notwithstanding • while, during, according to • to obey, submit, comply, act as one is told to ‖ ‖ ‖ following, accompaniment, compliance 随 • (su) · 随 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 随
隕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢunʔ) : semantic 𨸏 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢunʔ) : semantic 𨸏 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ún • Middle-Chinese : hwinX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ to fall • (literary) to destroy • (literary) to lose • (obsolete) Alternative form of 殞／殒 (yǔn, “to die”) ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 員／员 (“surroundings”) ‖ 隕(いん) • (in) ^(←ゐん (win)?) ‖ fall; fall from the sky to the ground 隕 (eumhun 떨어질 운 (tteoreojil un)) hanja form of 운 (“fall”) Hán-Nôm : vẫn 隕
隴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roŋʔ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lung⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóng • Middle-Chinese : ljowngX (～山) Mount Long, a mountain in Gansu, China • (～縣) Long County (a county of Shaanxi, China) • Alternative name for 甘肅／甘肃 (Gānsù, “Gansu”). • Alternative form of 壟／垄 (lǒng, “mound; ridge; grave”) • (literary, obsolete) to flourish • a surname hill • mound 隴 • (rong>nong) · 隴 • (rong>nong) (hangeul 롱>농, revised rong>nong, McCune–Reischauer rong>nong, Yale long>nong) Hán-Nôm : luống • Hán-Nôm : lủng • Hán-Nôm : lũng • Hán-Nôm : lõng • Hán-Nôm : lúng 隴
隷 subordinate, dependency 隷
隸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯːds) : phonetic 柰 (OC *naːds) + semantic 隶 (“arrest”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : dai⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Middle-Chinese : lejH (historical) A class of lowly persons or servants in ancient China. • to be subordinate • clerical script Alternative form of 隷. 隸 (eumhun 종 례 (jong rye), word-initial (South Korea) 종 예 (jong ye)) hanja form of 례/예 (“be subserviant to, servant”) Hán-Nôm : lệ 隸
雉 From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-ryak (“pheasant, partridge”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). \ *Inside Chinese, cognate with 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ, “long-tailed pheasant”) and 雒 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ). \ *Outside Chinese, cognate with Burmese ရစ် (rac), Tibetan སྲེག་པ (sreg pa, “partridge”), Mizo va-hrit. & possibly Chepang [script needed] (rut-waʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǐ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tī • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thī • Middle-Chinese : drijX pheasant • crenellated wall • an ancient Chinese measuring unit of the area of walls equivalent to three chi in length by one chi in height ‖ 雉(きじ) or 雉(キジ) • (kiji) green pheasant ‖ a green pheasant 雉 (eum 치 (chi)) Hán-Nôm : trĩ 雉
雋 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 隹 (“bird”) + 弓 (“bow”). \ A bow is aiming at a bird upward. ‖ Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 隹 (“bird”) + 弓 (“bow”). \ A bow is aiming at a bird upward. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cyun⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Middle-Chinese : dzjwenX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ (obsolete, especially of bird meat) plump; fatty; rich; delicious • (literary) meaningful; thought-provoking • a surname ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 俊 (jùn, “one who is superior in talent; superior in talent”) excel 雋 • (jun) · 雋 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun) Hán-Nôm : tuấn 雋
雍 Variant form of 雝. It's likely that the phonetic component 邕 (OC *qoŋ) corrupted into 玄 at some point since their shapes looked similar in pre-Qin scripts. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : 'jowng • Middle-Chinese : 'jowngH (literary) harmony; peace • (literary) harmonious • Alternative form of 壅 (“to obstruct”) • Alternative form of 擁／拥 (yōng, “to hold”) • Alternative form of 饔 (yōng, “cooked food”) • a surname softening • mitigation 雍 • (ong) · 雍 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong) Hán-Nôm : ủng • Hán-Nôm : úng • Hán-Nôm : ung 雍
雛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zro) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 隹 (“bird”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : co¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sû • Middle-Chinese : dzrju chick; fledgling • infant; toddler • young; small • Used in 鵷雛／鹓雏. ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina) ‖ 雛(ひな) • (hina-) ‖ 雛(ひいな) • (hīna) ^(←ひひな (fifina)?) ‖ 雛(ひよこ) • (hiyoko) ‖ 雛(ひよっこ) • (hiyokko) ‖ 雛(すう) • (sū) ‖ a type of small doll, typically standing upright in the Heian period, changing style to a seated posture in the Muromachi period • short for 雛祭り (Hina matsuri) • a chick, a young bird: see the reading hiyoko below ‖ diminutive prefix, carrying favorable connotations such as a sense of cuteness ‖ (archaic) doll ‖ chick, young bird • child; youngling, greenhorn ‖ a chick, a young bird • a child; a youngling, a greenhorn ‖ young, new, a greenhorn 雛 (eum 추 (chu)) Hán-Nôm : sồ 雛
雞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keː) : phonetic 奚 (OC *ɡeː) + semantic 隹 (“short-tailed bird”). \ Onomatopoeic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Vietic *r-kaa (> Vietnamese gà), Proto-Tai *kajᴮ (“chicken”), Proto-Hmong-Mien *Kəi. \ * (to fire): From 無情雞／无情鸡 (mou⁴ cing⁴ gai¹, “pink slip”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kue • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ke • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kere • Middle-Chinese : kej chicken; fowl (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) • 10th of the Chinese zodiac animals (rooster) • (slang) female prostitute • (slang) penis • (Cantonese, Huicheng dialect) whistle • (Cantonese, Huicheng dialect, Hokkien) trigger (of a gun) • (Cantonese) weak; useless • (Cantonese, non-productive) Suffix for adjectives describing a weak or useless person. • (Cantonese) to fire; to sack • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 笄 chicken (domesticated fowl) • bird 雞 (eumhun 닭 계 (dak gye)) hanja form of 계 (“chicken”) canonical : 雞: Nôm readings: gà 雞: Hán Nôm readings: kê chicken 雞
雯 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯn) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn). \ From 文 (OC *mɯn, “mark; design; pattern”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : man⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Middle-Chinese : mjun multicoloured clouds patter • rattle 雯 • (mun) · 雯 • (mun) (hangeul 문, revised mun, McCune–Reischauer mun, Yale mun) Hán-Nôm : văn 雯
霆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ting⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thîng • Middle-Chinese : deng • Middle-Chinese : dengX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tân thunderclap; thunder • lightning ‖ (Southern Min) to make a sound; to ring 霆 • (jeong) · 霆 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng) 霆
霏 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fei¹ • Middle-Chinese : phj+j falling of snow and rain haze • fall of snow 霏 • (bi) · 霏 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) Hán-Nôm : phi • Hán-Nôm : phay 霏
霑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢ Alternative form of 沾 • (figurative) gratefulness of a lover moisten, soak, water 霑 • (jeom) · 霑 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, Yale cem) Hán-Nôm : dìm • Hán-Nôm : triêm • Hán-Nôm : chiêm 霑
霓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngai⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nî • Middle-Chinese : ngej • Middle-Chinese : ngejH • Middle-Chinese : nget secondary rainbow rainbow 霓 (eumhun 무지개 예 (mujigae ye)) hanja form of 예 (“rainbow”) 霓 (nghê, nghi, nghé, mống) 霓
霖 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîm • Middle-Chinese : lim (literary) long spell of rain; continuous rain Rain spell, long rain 霖 • (rim>im) · 霖 • (rim>im) (hangeul 림>임, revised rim>im, McCune–Reischauer rim>im, Yale lim>im) Hán-Nôm : lâm • Hán-Nôm : lấm • Hán-Nôm : rầm 霖
霪 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁴ • Middle-Chinese : yim (literary) long and persistent rain rain lasting at least ten days 霪 • (eum) · 霪 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um) 霪
霽 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsliːls) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zai³ • Middle-Chinese : tsejH (literary) to clear up after rain • to cease being angry • bright; sunny 霽 • (je) · 霽 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey) Hán-Nôm : tễ 霽
霾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯː) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 貍 (OC *p·rɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄞˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mai⁴ • Middle-Chinese : meaj fog; haze • misty; foggy • dust storm 霾 • (mae) · 霾 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may) 霾
靂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːɡ) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 歷 (OC *reːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lia̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : li̍k • Middle-Chinese : lek Only used in 霹靂／霹雳 (pīlì). thunder 靂 (eumhun 벼락 력 (byeorak ryeok), word-initial (South Korea) 벼락 역 (byeorak yeok)) hanja form of 력/역 (“thunder”) Hán-Nôm : rích 靂
靄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːds, *qaːd) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 謁 (OC *qad) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : oi² • Middle-Chinese : 'ajH • Middle-Chinese : 'at mist; haze ‖ 靄(もや) • (moya) ‖ 靄(あい) • (ai) ‖ 靄(あい) • (Ai) ‖ (meteorology, also figurative) mist ‖ mist, haze • mistiness, haziness ‖ a female given name 靄 • (ae) · 靄 • (ae) (hangeul 애, revised ae, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay) 靄
静 ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(せい) • (sei) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ‖ 静(じょう) • (jō) ^(←じやう (zyau)?) calm, quiet, silent ‖ quiet • still, unmoving ‖ stillness ‖ still, fixed, unmoving ‖ (Buddhism) equanimity, upekkhā, a state untroubled by attachment or aversion 静
靛 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiānn indigo (dye) • indigo (colour) 靛 • (jeon) · 靛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 靛
靦 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : min⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bián ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tin² ‖ Used in 靦腆／腼腆 (miǎntiǎn, “shy”). impudent • feel ashamed 靦 • (jeon) · 靦 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) 靦
靨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qeb) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 面 (“face”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iap • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep (literary) dimple (of the face) ‖ 靨(えくぼ) • (ekubo) ^(←ゑくぼ (wekubo)?) dimple ‖ a dimple (skin depression, especially at corners of the mouth) 靨 • (yeop) · 靨 • (yeop) (hangeul 엽, revised yeop, McCune–Reischauer yŏp, Yale yep) Hán-Nôm : yếp • Hán-Nôm : diệp 靨
靼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : daat³ • Middle-Chinese : tat • Middle-Chinese : tsyet tanned skin • tartars 靼 (eum 달 (dal)) 靼
鞅 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng² • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng³ • Middle-Chinese : 'jangX martingale (leather strap around a horse's neck) • (alt. form 怏) dissatisfied; discontented 鞅 • (ang) · 鞅 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang) 鞅
鞏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koŋʔ) : phonetic 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + semantic 革. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gung² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khōng • Middle-Chinese : kjowngX to fasten using a leather band • to secure; to consolidate • firm; secure • Alternative form of 栱 (gǒng, “post, pillar”) • Alternative form of 恐 (kǒng, “to fear”) • (～國) (historical) State of Gong (a small state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Henan) • (～縣) (historical) Gong County (in modern-day Gongyi, Henan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Gong County, Sichuan) • (～州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Longxi County, Gansu) • a surname. Gong 鞏 (eum 공 (gong)) Hán-Nôm : củng 鞏
鞘 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ciu³ • Middle-Chinese : sjewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saau¹ • Middle-Chinese : sraew scabbard; sheath • tube used to carry valuables ‖ thong ‖ 鞘(さや) • (saya) ‖ sheath • case • margin 鞘 • (cho) · 鞘 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho) 鞘
鞣 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nyuw • Middle-Chinese : nyuwH to tan (of hides, leather, etc.) 鞣 • (yu) · 鞣 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) 鞣
鞦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thiu • Middle-Chinese : tshjuw (in compounds or dialectal) swing (hanging seat) ‖ 鞦(しりがい) • (shirigai) 鞦 • (chu) · 鞦 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu) 鞦
韁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄤ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : goeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiang • Middle-Chinese : kjang bridle • reins reins • halter • bridle 韁 • (gang) · 韁 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang) reins • bridle Hán-Nôm : cương 韁
韃 For pronunciation and definitions of 韃 – see 撻 (“to flog; to chastise; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant form of 撻). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : taat³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : that Used in 韃靼／鞑靼 (dádá). • General name for ethnic groups living in Northern China. Tatars 韃 • (dal) · 韃 • (dal) (hangeul 달, revised dal, McCune–Reischauer tal, Yale tal) canonical : 韃: Hán Việt readings: thát 韃
韆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshan • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khan • Middle-Chinese : tshjen (in compounds) swing (hanging seat) 韆 • (cheon) · 韆 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen) 韆
韋 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 舛 + 囗 – footsteps around an enclosure. Possibly the original character for 圍 (OC *ɢʷɯl, *ɢʷɯls, “to surround”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uî • Middle-Chinese : hjw+j (archaic) tanned leather • Original form of 圍／围 (wéi, “to surround”). • a surname 韋 (eum 위 (wi)) Hán-Nôm : vi 韋
韌 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯns) : semantic 韋 + phonetic 刃 (OC *njɯns). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jūn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lǔn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīn • Middle-Chinese : nyinH strong; tough; robust; sturdy • (Cantonese) tough; hard to chew or cut 韌
韜 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tou¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tho • Middle-Chinese : thaw (literary) sheath; scabbard; bow case • (figuratively) to hide; to conceal • art of war; military strategies 韜 (eum 도 (do)) Hán-Nôm : thao 韜
韶 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄠˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siâu • Middle-Chinese : dzyew (obsolete) name of a piece of music at the time of Emperor Shun • (literary) splendid; beautiful • (obsolete) to carry forward; to carry on • (obsolete) Nephelium chryseum (WP) • (～州) (historical) Shao (a former prefecture of Guangdong, China) • a surname 韶 (eumhun 풍류 이름 소 (pungnyu ireum so)) · 韶 (eumhun 아름다울 소 (areumdaul so)) Hán-Nôm : thiều 韶
頁 Pictogram (象形) : 首 + 卩 – head of a kneeling person, emphasising “head”. \ 頁 and 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus) were originally the same pictographic character with the same meaning of “head”, and the graphical difference was that 頁 also included the body in addition to the head of the person. \ 頁 was later used as an alternative popular form of 葉 (“leaf; page”) to mean “sheet; page (of paper)”, which is its main meaning today. \ The original sense of “head” is preserved in the radical 頁, which is used in characters such as 頭 (“head”) and 頸 (“neck”). \ Alternative form of 葉／叶 (“leaf; sheet (of paper)”). ‖ Original meaning of this character. Cantonese · Jyutping : jip⁶ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄝˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ia̍h ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hia̍t • Middle-Chinese : het sheet (of paper) • page • (computing) page • Classifier for pages. • (Mainland China Hokkien) to flip through (a book, document, etc.) • a surname: Ye ‖ head ‖ big shell • page • leaf ‖ 頁 (eumhun 머리 혈 (meori hyeol)) · 頁 (eumhun 책 면 엽 (chaek myeon yeop)) hanja form of 엽 (“page”) Hán-Nôm : hiệt • Hán-Nôm : hệt 頁
頡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kriːd, *ɡiːd) : phonetic 吉 (OC *klid) + semantic 頁 (“head”). ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄝˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Middle-Chinese : het ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaat³ • Middle-Chinese : keat ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : git³ to fly up • to straighten the neck • a surname ‖ to embezzle; to rob • Used in 頡羹／颉羹. ‖ Alternative form of 桔, only used in 頡皋／颉皋. 頡 • (hil, gal) · 頡 • (hil, gal) (hangeul 힐, 갈, revised hil, gal, McCune–Reischauer hil, kal, Yale hil, kal) Hán-Nôm : gật • Hán-Nôm : hiệt • Hán-Nôm : hệt 頡
頤 May have originally been written 𦣞, a pictogram (象形) of a chin, in which case the modern form is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯ) : phonetic 𦣞 (, “chin”) + semantic 頁 (“head”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi (literary) chin; jaw; cheek • (literary) to nourish; to maintain one's health • 27th hexagram of the I Ching • a surname chin • jaw 頤 (eum 이 (i)) cheeks • jaw • chin • rear • to nourish Hán-Nôm : di 頤
頰 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keːb) : phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb) + semantic 頁 (“head”) – part of the head. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiap • Middle-Chinese : kep (anatomy) cheek cheeks • jaw 頰 (eum 협 (hyeop)) cheeks • jaw • amenity Hán-Nôm : giáp 頰
頷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ) : phonetic 含 (OC *ɡɯːm) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gam (“jaw; chin; molar”) (STEDT). \ Bodman (1980) considers it to be the endoactive of 含 (OC *ɡɯːm, “to hold in the mouth”), literally “the thing that holds something in the mouth”. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ham⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ǎm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎm • Middle-Chinese : hom • Middle-Chinese : homX chin; jowl • to nod • (Southern Min) neck • a surname the chin; the lower jaw (あご) • to nod (うなずく) 頷 • (am) · 頷 • (am) (hangeul 암) Hán-Nôm : hạm • Hán-Nôm : ham • Hán-Nôm : hàm • Hán-Nôm : hợm 頷
頸 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keŋʔ, *ɡeŋ) : phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“body part”). \ Schuessler (2007) compares this to Tibetan སྐེ (ske, “neck”), Chepang केक् (kek, “neck”), कय्क् (kəyk, “neck, stem”), and suggests that this word is part of a larger word family based on a Sino-Tibetan root *ke (“concave”). These Tibeto-Burman comparanda are given under Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s/m-kej-k (“neck”) in STEDT. \ Wang (1982) relates this to 亢 (OC *kaːŋ, “neck”), but Schuessler (2007) finds this relationship unlikely. ‖ Usually considered to be the colloquial reading of etymology 1. Wang (2016) considers the semantic narrowing from “neck” to “nape” in the limited context of 脖_子 to be implausible. ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄥˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kìng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Middle-Chinese : gjieng • Middle-Chinese : kjiengX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄥˇ ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kún neck (Classifier: 條／条 c) • neck-like thing ‖ Used in colloquial words for the nape. ‖ Only used in 頷頸／颔颈 and its variants. ‖ 頸(くび) • (kubi) ‖ Alternative form of 首 頸 (eumhun 목 경 (mok gyeong)) hanja form of 경 (“neck”) [affix] Hán-Nôm : nghỉnh • Hán-Nôm : cảnh 頸
頹 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : teoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thuē • Middle-Chinese : dwoj Alternative form of 禿／秃 (tū, “bald”) • to fall; to drop • to collapse; to disintegrate • to decline; to degenerate; to decay; to become dilapidated • dejected; depressed; down; listless • aged; old and feeble • (ideophonic) respectful and submissive • genitals of a male horse • (Cantonese) to be dispirited; to be depressed • a surname 頹 • (toe) · 頹 • (toe) (hangeul 퇴, revised toe, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, Yale thoy) Hán-Nôm : tồi poor; bad; mediocre 頹
顆 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fo² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khó • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kher • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khò • Middle-Chinese : khwaX Classifier for small round objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier ‖ 顆(か) • (-ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?) ‖ 顆(か) • (ka) ^(←くゎ (kwa)?) grain (e.g. rice) ‖ indicates small round things, such as gemstones, fruit, stones, tears ‖ a condyle 顆 (eum 과 (gwa)) grain, kernel Hán-Nôm : khỏa • Hán-Nôm : khoả • Hán-Nôm : lõa • Hán-Nôm : loã • Hán-Nôm : khỏ • Hán-Nôm : khở • Hán-Nôm : khửa • Hán-Nôm : khủa • Hán-Nôm : khảu 顆
顏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 彥 (OC *ŋrans) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ Bronze inscription forms: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 产 () + semantic 面 (“face”). \ Various possibilities exist: \ * Related to 額 (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”) (Wang, 1982); \ * From 迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to welcome”) + nominalising suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007); \ * Related to Tibetan ངར (ngar, “front side”) (Schuessler, 2007). \ * From a root *ŋ(ˤ)rar (“slope, nearly vertical side”), whence also 涯 (OC *ŋˤrar, “river bank”), 巘 (OC *ŋ(r)ar(ʔ), “hill”), & 山 (OC *s-ŋrar, “mountain”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014). \ * Cognate with Japhug tɯrŋa (“face”), Khroskyabs rŋá (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hiânn • Middle-Chinese : ngaen (literary, anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area • countenance; facial expression • color; hue • prestige; dignity • a surname Kyūjitai form of 顔 (face; expression) 顏 • (an) · 顏 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an) face • facial appearance Hán-Nôm : nhan 顏
顔 Variant form of 顏 (彥 → 彦). ‖ 顔(かお) • (kao) ^(←かほ (kafo)?) ‖ 顔(がん) • (gan) face • expression ‖ a person's face • a person's reputation ‖ look; face; expression • color 顔 (eumhun 얼굴 안 (eolgul an)) hanja form of 안 (“face”) Hán-Nôm : nhan • Hán-Nôm : nhăn 顔
顛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak” ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːn, *tʰiːns) : phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) + semantic 頁 (“head”). \ ; “top; peak” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : din¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄧㄢㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thian • Middle-Chinese : ten ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˊ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄧㄢˋ top of the head; crown • top; peak; summit • to fall; to topple; to upset • inverted • to bump; to jerk; to jolt • Alternative form of 癲／癫 (diān, “to be crazy; to go mad”) • a surname ‖ Alternative form of 闐／阗 (tián, “full”) • Used in 顛顛／颠颠 (tiántián). ‖ Alternative form of 瑱 (“jade ornaments hung over the ears”) ‖ Extended shinjitai form of 顚 ‖ 顛 • (jeon) · 顛 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Alternative form of 顚 Hán-Nôm : điên • Hán-Nôm : đen 顛
顫 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjans) : phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ) + semantic 頁 (“head”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiàn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn • Middle-Chinese : tsyenH to shake; to vibrate; to tremble • to shiver; to tremble 顫 • (jeon) · 顫 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : chiến • Hán-Nôm : chiên 顫
顰 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bjin (literary) to frown; to knit one's brows scowl, raised eyebrows 顰 • (bin) · 顰 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) 顰
顱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·raː) : phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː) + semantic 頁 (“head”). Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Middle-Chinese : lu (anatomy) skull • (by extension) head • (anatomy) forehead 顱 • (ro>no) · 顱 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no) 顱
颯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄚˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saap³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sap • Middle-Chinese : sop (literary, onomatopoeia) sound of wind • valiant; grand • to decline; to wither • ^† suddenly storm • gust • gale 颯 • (sap) · 颯 • (sap) (hangeul 삽, revised sap, McCune–Reischauer sap, Yale sap) 颯
颱 Cantonese · Jyutping : toi⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄞˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thai typhoon typhoon 颱 • (tae) · 颱 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay) typhoon 颱
颳 Cantonese · Jyutping : gwaat³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuat • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuah (of wind) to blow 颳 • (gwal) · 颳 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄) 颳
颶 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kū typhoon; hurricane 颶 (eum 구 (gu)) Hán-Nôm : cụ 颶
颺 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iǎnn • Middle-Chinese : yang • Middle-Chinese : yangH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiûnn (Hokkien) to flutter • (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to fan • (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to wave away; to flick; to whisk • (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to brandish something out to someone then immediately put it away ‖ (Taiwanese Hokkien) to let the wind blow soar • fly • float • scatter 颺 • (yang) · 颺 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang) fly 颺
颼 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sau sound of wind • to blow (as of wind) 颼 • (su) · 颼 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu) 颼
飄 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰew, *bew) : phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew) + semantic 風 (“wind”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiau • Middle-Chinese : bjiew • Middle-Chinese : phjiew to drift • to flutter (in the wind) • (of snow) to fall • complacent ‖ 飄(ひょう) • (hyō) ^(←へう (feu)?) ‖ whirlwind • (of wind) fluttering • transcendence • Alternative spelling of 嫖 (hyō): 飄 • (pyo) · 飄 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo) Hán-Nôm : phiêu 飄
飧 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 夕 (“night; evening; dusk”) + 食 (“food”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄣ • Cantonese · Jyutping : syun¹ • Middle-Chinese : swon evening meal; supper; dinner • cooked food • to immerse cooked grain in water 飧 • (son) · 飧 • (son) (hangeul 손, revised son, McCune–Reischauer son, Yale son) 飧
飩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄣˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tan¹ • Middle-Chinese : dwon Only used in 餛飩／馄饨. Japanese Noodles 飩 (eum 돈 (don)) canonical : 飩: Hán Việt readings: đồn 飩
飪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 壬 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jam⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jan⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : līm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jīm • Middle-Chinese : nyimX to cook thoroughly 飪 • (im) · 飪 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im) Hán-Nôm : nhẫm • Hán-Nôm : nhẩm 飪
飭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰɯɡ) : phonetic 飤 (OC *ljɯɡs) + semantic 力 \ Causative devoicing of 力 (OC *rɯɡ, “rhək”). See there for etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Middle-Chinese : trhik (literary) to put in order; to readjust; to rectify • (literary) to order; to instruct • (literary) cautious; careful; prudent • (literary) Alternative form of 飾／饰 (shì, “to decorate; to adorn”) 飭 • (chik) · 飭 • (chik) (hangeul 칙, revised chik, McCune–Reischauer ch'ik, Yale chik) canonical : 飭: Nôm readings: sức strength 飭
飴 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ji⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : î • Middle-Chinese : yi ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ syrup or candy made from malt or rice • a kind of soft candy • (obsolete) sweet and delicious food • very sweet ‖ (obsolete) Alternative form of 飼／饲 (sì) ‖ 飴(あめ) or 飴(アメ) • (ame) ‖ candy 飴 • (i, si) · 飴 • (i, si) (hangeul 이, 시, revised i, si, McCune–Reischauer i, si, Yale i, si) Hán-Nôm : di 飴
餃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 飠 (“food, eat”) + phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw) – a kind of food. \ From 角 (jiǎo, “horn”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiáu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : káu stuffed dumpling • (Teochew) wonton 餃 • (gyo) · 餃 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) Hán-Nôm : giáo • Hán-Nôm : giảo • Hán-Nôm : cảo (only in compound há cảo and sủi cảo) dumpling 餃
餉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljaŋs) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 向 (OC *hljaŋs, *hlaŋs). \ Of Hmong-Mien origin. Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *hnrəaŋᴴ (Schuessler, 2003). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoeng² • Middle-Chinese : syangH (literary) to entertain with food and beverage • rations and pay for soldiers and other officials ‖ 餉(かれいい) • (kareii) ^(←かれいひ (kareifi)?) boiled rice • give, provide • food, diet ‖ Alternative spelling of 乾飯 (kareii): dried boiled rice 餉 • (hyang) · 餉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang) Hán-Nôm : hướng 餉
餒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːlʔ) : semantic 食 + phonetic 妥 (OC *n̥ʰoːlʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄟˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : neoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : noi⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lué • Middle-Chinese : nwojX hungry; starving; famished • discouraged; dispirited; disheartened • (literary, of fish) rotten; putrid 餒 • (noe) · 餒 • (noe) (hangeul 뇌, revised noe, McCune–Reischauer noe, Yale noy) 餒
餛 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : hwon Only used in 餛飩／馄饨 (húntun). 餛 • (hon) · 餛 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon) 餛
餞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zlenʔ, *zlens) : semantic 食 (“hand”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zin⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsián • Middle-Chinese : dzjenX • Middle-Chinese : dzjenH to give a farewell party; to see off; to send off • to preserve fruits in honey or syrup ‖ 餞(はなむけ) • (hanamuke) ‖ 餞(せん) • (sen) ‖ farewell gift ‖ an exchange of farewells • a farewell or parting gift ‖ a farewell or parting gift ‖ to see someone depart 餞 • (jeon) · 餞 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen) Hán-Nôm : tiễn 餞
餡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːms) : semantic 飠 (“food”) + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms) – a kind of food. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˋㄦ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ānn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hām filling (for dumplings, buns, etc.) • (Cantonese, figurative, informal, humorous) baby in the womb; embryo; fetus ‖ 餡(あん) • (an) bean jam ‖ bean jam 餡 • (ham) · 餡 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham) Hán-Nôm : hãm 餡
餵 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrols) : semantic 食 + phonetic 畏 (OC *quls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : wai³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uì • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uè to feed (animal, person) • to raise; to keep (animal) Hán-Nôm : ổi • Hán-Nôm : uy 餵
餽 For pronunciation and definitions of 餽 – see 饋 (“to send gift; to offer food to a superior; etc.”). \ (This character is a variant traditional form of 饋). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨㄟˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai⁶ • Middle-Chinese : gwijH to make an offering to the gods • a surname 餽 • (gwe) · 餽 • (gwe) (hangeul 궤, revised gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwe, Yale kwey) canonical : 餽: Nôm readings: quẩy Nôm form of quẩy. 餽
餾 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ • Middle-Chinese : ljuw • Middle-Chinese : ljuwH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄡˋ ‖ steamed rice Hán-Nôm : lựu • Hán-Nôm : lưu 餾
餿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sau¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : suk¹ (of food) to spoil and stink 餿
饅 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn) : semantic 食 + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bān • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bán • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bân • Middle-Chinese : man 饅 • (man) · 饅 • (man) (hangeul 만, revised man, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man) Hán-Nôm : man 饅
饑 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯl) : semantic 食 + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ki • Middle-Chinese : kj+j crop failure; famine; a year in which harvest is poor • Alternative form of 飢／饥 (“hunger”) 饑 • (gi) · 饑 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki) Hán-Nôm : cơ 饑
饒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋjew, *ŋjaws) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : jiâu • Middle-Chinese : nyew • Middle-Chinese : nyewH abundant; plentiful • to forgive; to have mercy on; to let off; to spare • (Mandarin, colloquial, often of the vendor) to give as a giveaway, or as an extra • (colloquial) even though; though; despite • a surname abundant 饒 • (yo) · 饒 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) Hán-Nôm : nhiêu • Hán-Nôm : nhau • Hán-Nôm : nheo • Hán-Nôm : nhiều • Hán-Nôm : sèo • Hán-Nôm : xèo 饒
饜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qem, *qems) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 食 (“food”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ià • Middle-Chinese : 'jiem • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemH to be full (after eating); to be satiated • to be satisfied be satiated • eat one's full 饜 • (yeom) · 饜 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem) be satiated • eat one's full Hán-Nôm : yếm 饜
饞 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm) : semantic 飠 (“to eat; food”) + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : caam⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshâm • Middle-Chinese : dzream ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : sâi gluttonous; greedy • lewd; lecherous ‖ (Southern Min) gluttonous; ravenous gluttonous • greedy • lewd • lecher 饞 • (cham) · 饞 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham) gluttonous • greedy • lewd • lecherous canonical : 饞: Hán Việt readings: sàm 饞: Nôm readings: thèm • canonical : thiểm Nôm form of thèm (“to want; to crave”). 饞
馥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯɡ, *buɡ) : semantic 香 (“fragrance”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯɡ, *buɡ) : semantic 香 (“fragrance”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fuk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : bjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧˋ • Middle-Chinese : bik (literary) fragrance; scent; aroma • (literary) fragrant; aromatic ‖ (onomatopoeia) sound of an arrow striking 馥 • (bok) · 馥 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok) Hán-Nôm : phục • Hán-Nôm : phúc • Hán-Nôm : phốc • Hán-Nôm : phức 馥
馭 From simplified from 𩣓 (漢語多功能字庫). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁶ • Middle-Chinese : ngjoH to drive a chariot or carriage • driver of a chariot or carriage • to control; to manage; to govern 馭 (eum 어 (eo)) Hán-Nôm : ngự • Hán-Nôm : ngựa • Hán-Nôm : ngừa • Hán-Nôm : lừa horse (large four-legged animal) 馭
馮 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) : phonetic 仌 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) : phonetic 仌 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hông • Middle-Chinese : bjuwng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pang⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bing a place near modern Luoyang • a surname ‖ to gallop • (alt. form 淜, 憑／凭) to wade; to cross a river on foot • full; great • to covet • to bully • to seize; to encroach on • to climb; to ascend • Alternative form of 憑／凭 (píng, “to lean on”) (proper name character) 馮 • (pung) · 馮 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung) Hán-Nôm : Phùng a Vietnamese surname 馮
馱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuâ • Middle-Chinese : da ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : do⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tuā • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tōo • Middle-Chinese : daH to carry on the back (especially by a pack animal) ‖ load carried by a pack animal 馱 (eum 타 (ta)) Hán-Nôm : đà • Hán-Nôm : thồ 馱
馳 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ci⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tî • Middle-Chinese : drje to speed; to gallop • to spread afar • (literary) to long for; to be eager for • (literary) to chase 馳 • (chi) · 馳 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi) Hán-Nôm : trì 馳
馴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Middle-Chinese : zwin tame; docile: obedient • to tame • 77th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "compliance" (𝍒) get used to • experienced • tamed 馴 • (sun, hun) · 馴 • (sun, hun) (hangeul 순, 훈, revised sun, hun, McCune–Reischauer sun, hun, Yale swun, hwun) Hán-Nôm : thuần • Hán-Nôm : tuần 馴
駁 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːwɢ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 爻 (OC *ɢraːw). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bruk (“piebald”) (Schuessler, 2007, STEDT); cognate with Burmese ပြောက် (prauk, “spotted, speckled”), Karbi pʰròk, Jingpho prúʔ, Mru preu (“of mixed colors”). Another Chinese cognate may be 斑 (OC *praːn). \ 豹 (OC *preːwɢs, “leopard”) is its exopassive derivative, literally meaning, "the spotted one". Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄛˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : bok³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : poh • Middle-Chinese : paewk (of a horse's fur) variegated • mixed; heterogenous; impure • to refute; to rebut • to transport by barge • barge; lighter • suddenly • (Cantonese) to connect • Alternative form of 駮／驳 (bó, “a mythical beast that can eat tigers”) variegated • mixed, heterogenous • refute, disprove 駁 (eumhun 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak)) hanja form of 박 (“to refute; to rebut”) Hán-Nôm : bác 駁
駑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : nu 駑 (eum 노 (no)) Hán-Nôm : nô 駑
駕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːls) : phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl) + semantic 馬. \ The exopassive of 加 (OC *kraːl, “to add; to attach”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲལ (khral, “to impose a tax”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cantonese · Jyutping : gaa³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄚˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kà • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèe • Middle-Chinese : kaeH to harness; to yoke (an animal, e.g. to a cart) • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a ship); to fly (a plane) • to direct; to control; to harness • (historical) cart; carriage • (historical) emperor's carriage • (figurative) emperor (especially on a journey) • (Classical) distance a horse travels in a day • giddyup (interjection) ‖ 駕(が) • (ga) ^(←が (ga)?) ‖ vehicle; horse-drawn carriage 駕 (eumhun 멍에 가 (meong'e ga)) hanja form of 가 (“cart; carriage”) Hán-Nôm : giá 駕
駙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hū • Middle-Chinese : bjuH extra horse • imperial son-in-law 駙 (eum 부 (bu)) side horse • close • fast Hán-Nôm : phò 駙
駛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯʔ, *srɯs) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 史 (OC *srɯʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sái • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír • Middle-Chinese : sriX • Middle-Chinese : sriH to run quickly; to dash; to scamper; to gallop • to drive (a vehicle); to sail (a vessel); to fly (an aircraft) • (Cantonese) Alternative form of 使 (sai2, “to need to; to need”) • (Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) Alternative form of 使 (sái, “to fuck”) 駛 • (sa) · 駛 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa) Hán-Nôm : sử 駛
駝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). Cantonese · Jyutping : to⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Middle-Chinese : da camel • to be humpbacked; to be hunchbacked • to carry on the back hump 駝 (eumhun 낙타 타 (nakta ta)) hanja form of 타 (“camel”) Hán-Nôm : đà 駝
駟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : si³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sù • Middle-Chinese : sijH a vehicle drawn by four horses • a horse • to drive; to ride • (archaic) Classifier for vehicles drawn by four horses. • (archaic) Classifier for horses. • a surname 駟 (eum 사 (sa)) Hán-Nôm : tứ 駟
駢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːn) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 并 (OC *peŋ, *peŋs) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiân • Middle-Chinese : ben two horses that are side-by-side • side-by-side; parallel; antithetical 駢 • (byeon, byeong) · 駢 • (byeon, byeong) (hangeul 변, 병, revised byeon, byeong, McCune–Reischauer pyŏn, pyŏng, Yale pyen, pyeng) Hán-Nôm : bền • Hán-Nôm : biền 駢
駭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯːʔ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) \ ;"to hack" Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : haai⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁵ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hoi⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hǎi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hāi • Middle-Chinese : heajX terrify, frighten • (computing) to hack be surprised 駭 • (hae) · 駭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay) terrify, frighten, scare • shock Hán-Nôm : hãi • Hán-Nôm : hãy 駭
駱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍h • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lo̍k • Middle-Chinese : lak (obsolete) white horse with black mane • (obsolete) Luoyue (Lạc Việt) • Used in 駱駝／骆驼 (luòtuo, “camel”). • a surname 駱 • (rak>nak) · 駱 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak) Hán-Nôm : lạc 駱
駿 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeon³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsùn • Middle-Chinese : tswinH excellent horse; noble steed ‖ 駿(しゅん) • (Shun) ‖ a male given name 駿 • (jun, sun) · 駿 • (jun, sun) (hangeul 준, 순, revised jun, sun, McCune–Reischauer chun, sun, Yale cwun, swun) Hán-Nôm : tuấn 駿
騁 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄥˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ping³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cing² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phìng • Middle-Chinese : trhjengX to gallop; to run • to give free rein to; to release from constraints • to put to use; to showcase 騁 • (bing, jeong) · 騁 • (bing, jeong) (hangeul 빙, 정, revised bing, jeong, McCune–Reischauer ping, chŏng, Yale ping, ceng) Hán-Nôm : sính 騁
騖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moɡs) : phonetic 敄 (OC *moʔ, *mos) + semantic 馬 (“horse”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bū • Middle-Chinese : mjuH gallop • rush about • pursue • run 騖 (eum 무 (mu)) run • sprint Hán-Nôm : vụ 騖
騙 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰens) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 扁 (OC *pʰen, *benʔ, *peːnʔ, *beːnʔ) – to mount a horse by swinging a leg across it. \ ; to swindle; to deceive Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pin³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phiàn • Middle-Chinese : phjienH to deceive; to fool • to swindle; to cheat out of; to defraud • to mount (a horse) by swinging a leg across to deceive; to fool • to swindle; to cheat out of; to defraud 騙 (eum 편 (pyeon)) Hán-Nôm : biền • Hán-Nôm : biển • Hán-Nôm : phiến 騙
騫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khian • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hian • Middle-Chinese : khjen 騫 (eum 건 (geon)) 騫
騾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roːl) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 累 (OC *ruːls, *rolʔ, *rols). Written as 驘 in Shuowen. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lêr • Middle-Chinese : lwa mule (offspring of a donkey and a horse, sometimes specifically the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse) (Classifier: 匹 m; 頭／头 m; 隻／只 mn) 騾 • (ra>na) · 騾 • (ra>na) (hangeul 라>나, revised ra>na, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, Yale la>na) Hán-Nôm : loa • Hán-Nôm : la 騾
驀 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːɡ) : phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mak⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maak⁶ • Middle-Chinese : maek suddenly; quickly; abruptly 驀 (eum 맥 (maek)) Hán-Nôm : mạch 驀
驃 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : bjiewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : piu³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : biu¹ • Middle-Chinese : bjiewH (literary) horse with a yellow coat and white spots ‖ (literary, of horses) swift • (literary) valiant • (historical) Pyu city-states 驃 • (pyo) · 驃 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo) canonical : 驃: Hán Việt readings: phiếu • canonical : phiêu 驃: Nôm readings: phiêu chữ Hán form of phiêu (“a rapid or courageous steed”). 驃
驕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krew) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew) \ Cognate with 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew, “tall; lofty”), 憍 (OC *krew, “to lift the head”), 撟 (OC *krewʔ, “to lift”), and 嶠 (OC *ɡrews, “peak”). Beyond these, 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) and 蹻 (OC *krewʔ, “martial; vigorous”) could be allofams (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : giu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiau • Middle-Chinese : kjew (likely obsolete) large horse • haughty; arrogant 驕 (eum 교 (gyo)) Hán-Nôm : kiêu 驕
驟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrus) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 聚 (OC *zloʔ, *zlos). \ Related to 走 (OC *ʔsoːʔ, “to run”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄡˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zaau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zau⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsōo • Middle-Chinese : dzrjuwH to gallop; to run • sudden; abrupt • suddenly; abruptly • frequently; repeatedly • (of a horse) fast 驟 (eumhun 달릴 취 (dallil chwi)) canonical : 驟: Hán Việt readings: sậu 驟: Nôm readings: sậu 驟
驢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·ra) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄩˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lû • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lî • Middle-Chinese : ljo donkey; ass (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 條／条 m; 匹 m; 隻／只 c mn) 驢 (eum 려 (ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 여 (yeo)) Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : lừa 驢
驥 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gei³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei³ • Middle-Chinese : kijH (literary) horse that can travel 1000 li in a day; fine steed • (figurative) proficient person; refined and virtuous person fast horse • talent 驥 (eum 기 (gi)) thoroughbred horse • refined and virtuous 驥
驪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːl, *rel) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːl, *rel) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 麗 (OC *reːls, *rel). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lje • Middle-Chinese : lej ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˊ (literary) pure black horse • (～山) Mount Li in Shaanxi province • (alt. form 孋／㛤) historical tribe in ancient China • a surname ‖ Only used in 驪靬／骊靬 (Chíqián). pair of horses • lustrous black horse 驪 • (ryeo>yeo) · 驪 • (ryeo>yeo) (hangeul 려>여, revised ryeo>yeo, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, Yale lye>ye) A pure black horse • A pair of horses Hán-Nôm : li 驪
骯 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ong¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄤˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kong³ • Middle-Chinese : hangX • Middle-Chinese : khangX Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (āngzāng). ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng). 骯 • (hang) · 骯 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang) 骯
骰 From 投 (MC duw, “to throw”). Often read semantically as 色 (MC srik). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄡˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄞˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : tau⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : sik¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiô • Middle-Chinese : duw die (polyhedron used in games of chance) 骰 (eum 투 (tu)) Hán-Nôm : đầu 骰
骷 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ 骷 • (go) · 骷 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) 骷
骼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːɡ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaak³ • Middle-Chinese : kaek bones • Used in 骨骼 (gǔgé, “skeleton”). 骼 • (gyeok) · 骼 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격, revised gyeok, McCune–Reischauer kyŏk, Yale kyek) 骼
髏 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄡˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lau⁴ • Middle-Chinese : luw Only used in 髑髏／髑髅 (dúlóu, “skull”). skull 髏 (eumhun 해골 루 (haegol ru), word-initial (South Korea) 해골 누 (haegol nu)) hanja form of 루/누 (“skull”) canonical : 髏: Hán Việt readings: lâu 髏
髒 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋʔ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 葬 (OC *ʔsaːŋs). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːŋʔ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 葬 (OC *ʔsaːŋs). Cantonese · Jyutping : zong¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsòng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄤˇ • Middle-Chinese : tsangX dirty; filthy; soiled; foul • to make dirty; to soil; to besmirch; to sully; to stain; to defile; to contaminate • (euphemistic) haunted; possessed by supernatural forces ‖ Only used in 骯髒／肮脏 (kǎngzǎng). 髒 • (jang) · 髒 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang) Hán-Nôm : táng • Hán-Nôm : tảng 髒
髦 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁴⁻¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo • Middle-Chinese : maw (literary) horse's mane • (literary) outstanding person • (literary) fangs of children • (literary, figurative) child 髦 • (mo) · 髦 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo) 髦
髭 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔse) : semantic 髟 + phonetic 此 (OC *sʰeʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zi¹ moustache mustache 髭 (eum 자 (ja)) 髭
髯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄖㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jim⁶ • Middle-Chinese : nyem • Middle-Chinese : nyemH whiskers; beard • person with a lot of beard sideburns, whiskers (cheek hair) 髯 (eumhun 구레나룻 염 (gurenarut yeom)) Alternative form of 髥 (“hanja form of 염 (“beard; mustache”)”) 髯
髻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kiːds) : semantic 髟 (“long hair”) + phonetic 吉 (OC *klid). \ From 結 (OC *kiːd, “to tie”) + exopassive nominal suffix *-s, literally “something tied” (Baxter and Sagart, 1997, 2014; Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Middle-Chinese : kejH hair worn in a bun or coil; topknot 髻 • (gye) · 髻 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey) Hán-Nôm : kế 髻
鬃 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zuːŋ, *ʔsoːŋ, *zuːŋ) : semantic 髟 (“appearance of long hair”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄗㄨㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zung¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsong • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsang • Middle-Chinese : dzowng • Middle-Chinese : dzraewng mane • (Southern Min) hair • (Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) hair worn in a bun or coil; bun 鬃
鬆 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ). ‖ Cantonese · Jyutping : sung¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sang • Hokkien · Tai-lo : song • Middle-Chinese : sowng • Middle-Chinese : sjowng • Middle-Chinese : tshjowng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄨㄥˋ • Middle-Chinese : suwngH ^† (of hair) disheveled; unkempt • loose (not fixed in place tightly) • loose; relaxed • to loosen; to relax • useless • dried minced meat • (Cantonese) to leave • (Cantonese) financially solvent • (Cantonese, after numbers) to exceed by a little; to be a little over • (Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 鬆章／松章. ‖ Only used in 𩭩鬆. 鬆 • (song) · 鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song) Hán-Nôm : tông 鬆
鬍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 胡 (OC *ɡaː). \ From 胡 (OC *ɡaː, “wattle; dewlap of an animal”), i.e. “that which hangs down from the chin” (Wang, 1980). \ STEDT proposes that this word comes from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-wu (“beard”), but there are phonological problems with this reconstruction. Cantonese · Jyutping : wu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hôo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ôo beard; moustache; whiskers 鬍 • (ho) · 鬍 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho) Hán-Nôm : hồ • Hán-Nôm : râu 鬍
鬚 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *so) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 須 (OC *so, “beard”). \ Originally written 須, see there for more. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄩ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : su • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si • Middle-Chinese : sju beard; whisker (Classifier: 條／条 c) • antenna; feeler • whisker-like beard 鬚 (eumhun 수염 수 (suyeom su)) hanja form of 수 (“beard”) Hán-Nôm : tu • Hán-Nôm : tua 鬚
鬢 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pins) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ban³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pìn • Middle-Chinese : pjinH hair on temples 鬢 • (bin) · 鬢 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin) 鬢
鬥 Characters in the same phonetic series (鬥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Pictogram (象形) — two figures face-to-face, fighting with bare hands. Some oracle script characters of 鬥／斗 (dòu) show that both of their hair are bristled. The character shape resembles 𠨭 and 丮 opposite each other. \ 鬥／斗 (dòu) and 鬭／斗 (dòu) are original characters of this form; forms with the similar-looking radical 門 ("door") were non-standard variants. \ Simplified form 斗 was derived via the variant form 鬦. \ 鬥／斗 (dòu) is also one of the 324 simplified characters introduced by the Republic of China (Kuomintang government) in 1935 as the simplified form of 鬭／斗 (dòu). \ Conflation of two roots "to fight" and "to meet", and the merger has been attested since ancient times. \ ; "to fight" \ ; "to meet" Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄡˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tàu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tiò • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tòo • Middle-Chinese : tuwH to fight; to struggle • to make animals fight • to contend; to compete with • to strive one's best • (archaic) (of stars) to collide with each other • chaotic; disorderly, helter-skelter • to take the opportunity to ...; to do something while it's ... • to meet; to encounter; to face • to face; to confront; to front; to be opposite • to piece together; to fit together • (dialectal) to help; to assist • (dialectal) very, quite • (dialectal) to collude, to plot • fine tea; tea of the best quality • (dialectal) bird nest • Alternative form of 逗 (dòu, “to tease, to play with”) • Alternative form of 兜 (dōu, “to solicit (customers or business)”) • Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”) • a surname to fight 鬥 (eumhun 싸울 투 (ssaul tu)) Alternative form of 鬪 (“hanja form of 투 (“fight”)”) Hán-Nôm : đấu • Hán-Nôm : dấu chữ Hán form of đấu (“fight”). 鬥
鬧 In the current form, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鬥 (“to fight”) + 市 (“market; town”) – noisy. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : nāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lā • Middle-Chinese : nraewH to be noisy • to create a disturbance • (of disease, disaster, or other negative events) to occur • (Cantonese) to scold to be noisy • to create a disturbance • to disturb • lively; bustling 鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) · 鬧 • (ryo>yo, nyo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, 뇨>요, revised ryo>yo, nyo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, nyo>yo, Yale lyo>yo, nyo>yo) Hán-Nôm : náo • Hán-Nôm : náu • Hán-Nôm : nháo • Hán-Nôm : nao • Hán-Nôm : nào 鬧
鬨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs) : semantic 鬥 (“battle; fight”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄥˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hung³ to fight; to combat • to cause a commotion or disturbance ‖ 鬨(とき) • (toki) battle cry ‖ battle cry 鬨 • (hong, hang) · 鬨 • (hong, hang) (hangeul 홍, 항, revised hong, hang, McCune–Reischauer hong, hang, Yale hong, hang) canonical : 鬨: Hán Việt readings: hống • canonical : hổng 鬨
魘 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qemʔ, *qeb) : phonetic 厭 (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 鬼 (“devil”). Cantonese · Jyutping : jim² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jip³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : 'jiemX • Middle-Chinese : 'jiep ^⁜ a nightmare; bad dream • Used in 夢魘／梦魇 (mèngyǎn, “a nightmare; bad dream”). To have a nightmare • To make a noise during a nightmare 魘 • (yeom) · 魘 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune–Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem) Hán-Nôm : yểm 魘
魯 ‖ Possibly related to 鹵 (OC *raːʔ) since the area used to be a salt marsh region (Baxter apud Matisoff, 1995). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lóo • Middle-Chinese : luX ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : luh foolish; stupid; rash • vulgar ‖ (～國) (historical) Lu (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China in modern day Shandong) • Short for 山東／山东 (Shāndōng, “Shandong”). • Used in 魯肉飯／鲁肉饭. • a surname ‖ Used in 阿沙不魯／阿沙不鲁. • Used in 米魯／米鲁. foolish; stupid • (historical) Lu (state) (vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China) • (dated) short form for Russia (魯西亜) • a surname 魯 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no)) Hán-Nôm : lỗ • Hán-Nôm : lõ • Hán-Nôm : nhỗ • Hán-Nôm : sỗ 魯
魷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 尤 (OC *ɢʷɯ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iû Only used in 魷魚／鱿鱼 (yóuyú, “squid”); also used as its short form. Hán-Nôm : vưu • Hán-Nôm : vâu 魷
鮑 Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) ‖ ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : baau¹ • Middle-Chinese : baewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pau • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâu ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pǎu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Pau • Middle-Chinese : baewX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄠˋ (literary) salted fish ‖ abalone ‖ a surname ‖ (obsolete) Synonym of 鞄 (páo, “leather craftsman”) ‖ 鮑(あわび) • (awabi) ^(←あはび (afabi)?) abalone ‖ abalone 鮑 • (po) · 鮑 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho) Hán-Nôm : bảo • Hán-Nôm : bào 鮑
鮫 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄠ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kau • Middle-Chinese : kaew (literary, or in compounds) porbeagle shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish) ‖ 鮫(さめ) or 鮫(サメ) • (same) shark ‖ a shark (fish) 鮫 • (gyo) · 鮫 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo) canonical : 鮫: Hán Việt readings: giao 鮫
鯉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). \ Schuessler (2007) considers connection to Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”) to be unlikely. \ Norman (2014) compares it to Proto-Kam-Tai *mbləi (“carp”), suggesting that it may be an early loan from Chinese; compare Thai ปลาไน (nai, “common carp”), Lakkia [script needed] (-plai⁴, “carp”). \ See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lí • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lē • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lě • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tai • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tâi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tǎi • Middle-Chinese : liX carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) • (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence • (literary, figuratively) messenger ‖ 鯉(こい) or 鯉(コイ) • (koi) ^(←こひ (kofi) or コヒ (kofi)?) ‖ 鯉(こい) • (Koi) ^(←こひ (kofi)?) ‖ carp, specifically, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) ‖ a surname 鯉 • (ri>i) · 鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i) Hán-Nôm : lí 鯉
鯊 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːl) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 魚 (“fish”). \ ; “shark” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄚ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saa¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sua • Middle-Chinese : srae ^† a kind of small fish • shark ‖ 鯊(はぜ) or 鯊(ハゼ) • (haze) ‖ goby 鯊 • (sa) · 鯊 • (sa) (hangeul 사) (uncommon) shark 鯊
鯽 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zik¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsit • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsik • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsiak • Middle-Chinese : tsjek • Middle-Chinese : tsik Carassius auratus, crucian carp ‖ 鯽(ふな) or 鯽(フナ) • (funa) ‖ Alternative spelling of 鮒 鯽 • (jeuk) · 鯽 • (jeuk) (hangeul 즉, revised jeuk, McCune–Reischauer chŭk, Yale cuk) ‖ 鯽 • (jeok) · 鯽 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek) Carassius auratus, crucian carp ‖ certain kind of squid or cuttlefish 鯽
鰍 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰɯw) : semantic 魚 + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄡ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cau¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiu • Middle-Chinese : tshjuw loach young Japanese amberjack; young yellowtail • bullhead 鰍 • (chu) · 鰍 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu) 鰍
鰓 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙㄞ • Cantonese · Jyutping : soi¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshi • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sai • Middle-Chinese : soj ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : saai² fish gill ‖ Only used in 鰓鰓／鳃鳃. ‖ gill ‖ Hán-Nôm : tai gill 鰓
鰥 From 寡 (OC *kʷraːʔ, “single; alone”) + *-n (“nominalizing suffix”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwean • Middle-Chinese : kweanH widower • widowed • (obsolete) yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa) widower 鰥 • (hwan) · 鰥 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan) 鰥
鰭 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gjij (anatomy, ichthyology) fish fin ‖ 鰭(ひれ) • (hire) fin ‖ fin (of a fish) 鰭 (eum 기 (gi)) Hán-Nôm : kì 鰭
鰱 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lin⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liân • Middle-Chinese : ljen (～魚) any fish of the genus Hypophthalmichthys, especially the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ‖ 鰱(たなご) or 鰱(タナゴ) • (tanago) silver carp • fish of genus Hypophthalmichthys ‖ a bitterling (a small fish of the carp family) 鰱 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon)) salmon Hán-Nôm : liên 鰱
鰻 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *moːn, *mons) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons) – a kind of fish. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄢˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mun⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : maan⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muâ • Middle-Chinese : man • Middle-Chinese : mjonH eel ‖ 鰻(むなぎ) • (munagi) ‖ 鰻(うなぎ) or 鰻(ウナギ) • (unagi) ‖ 鰻(うな) • (una) ‖ 鰻(う) • (u) eel ‖ (archaic, possibly obsolete) an eel ‖ eel, especially the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) ‖ (only in compounds) Synonym of うなぎ (see above). ‖ (only in compounds) Synonym of うなぎ (see above). 鰻 (eumhun 뱀장어 만 (baemjang'eo man)) canonical : 鰻: Hán Việt readings: man 鰻: Nôm readings: man 鰻
鰾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bewʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew). \ Jacques (2020) reconstructs the Old Chinese as *N-pewʔ in the system of Baxter and Sagart (2014) based on Iu Mien mbiauhmbau (“swim bladder”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄅㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǒ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pio • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piāu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : piǎu • Middle-Chinese : bjiewX swim bladder; air bladder (of fish) • fish glue; isinglass • (dialectal) to glue with fish glue; (by extension) to gather; to bring together • (dialectal) to bet; to contend 鰾 • (pyo) · 鰾 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo) 鰾
鱔 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄢˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siān eel; swamp eel • (Hong Kong Cantonese) resembling advertorial • (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) four 鱔 (eum 선 (seon)) Hán-Nôm : thiện • Hán-Nôm : lươn 鱔
鱖 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krods, *kod) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 厥 (OC *kod, *kud). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄟˋ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gwai³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuè • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kèr • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kè • Middle-Chinese : kjwejH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄝˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kyut³ • Middle-Chinese : kjwot mandarin fish; Chinese perch ‖ Only used in 鱖鯞／鳜𫚡 (juézhǒu). 鱖 • (gwol, gwe) · 鱖 • (gwol, gwe) (hangeul 궐, 궤, revised gwol, gwe, McCune–Reischauer kwŏl, kwe, Yale kwel, kwey) (쏘가리 궐) mandarin fish 鱖
鱗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lân • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Middle-Chinese : lin scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • scaly • fish (and other scaly animals) • a surname ‖ 鱗(うろこ) • (uroko) ‖ 鱗(いろこ) • (iroko) ‖ 鱗(うろくず) • (urokuzu) ^(←うろくづ (urokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(いろくず) • (irokuzu) ^(←いろくづ (irokudu)?) ‖ 鱗(こけ) • (koke) ‖ 鱗(こけら) • (kokera) ‖ 鱗(りん) • (-rin) scales • scaly ‖ scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • (typography) serif (on Chinese characters) ‖ scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • scaled animal • dandruff ‖ scale of a fish • fish ‖ scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) • scaled animal ‖ scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) ‖ scale (of a fish, reptile, etc) ‖ counter for scales of a fish • counter for fish scale (of fish or reptiles) Hán-Nôm : lân 鱗
鱷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːɡ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ). \ Within Chinese, Carr (1990) relates it to: \ * 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “to beat the drum”), either because drumming was associated with dragons or because some drums were made of crocodilian skins (Schuessler, 2007). \ * Words for “fear”, e.g. 愕 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “startled; terrified”), 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “frightening; startling”). \ Outside of Chinese, Carr (1990) also relates it to: \ * Proto-Tai *ŋwak (“mythical water creature”) (reconstruction from Chamberlain, 1977), which Pittayaporn (2009-2010), reconstructing the root as *ŋɯəkᴰ (“crocodile”), holds to be a loan from Chinese. \ * Proto-Austro-Tai *(m)baŋiwak (“shark; crocodile”), posited by Paul K. Benedict and proposed by him to give rise to the Tai word, as well as Japanese 鰐(わに) (wani, “crocodilian; shark”), 魚(うお) (uo, “fish”). \ Vovin (2021) notes that 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) "aquatic reptile, saltwater crocodile" was attested late, for the first time in Shuowen as 𧊜 (è); and that "it would be very weird if the word for a ‘saltwater crocodile’ from the middle of Huang-he (黃河) river basin that lies quite far away from both tropics and the sea would be borrowed by Tai languages in Southern China". Therefore, Vovin contends that, instead, 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) had been borrowed into Later Han Chinese from Tai. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : go̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kho̍k • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngo̍k • Middle-Chinese : ngak crocodilian; crocodile; alligator Hán-Nôm : ngạc 鱷
鱸 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lou⁴ • Middle-Chinese : lu bass; perch (fish) ‖ 鱸(すずき) or 鱸(スズキ) • (suzuki) ‖ 鱸(すずき) • (Suzuki) sea bass ‖ Japanese sea bass ‖ Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Akita, Akita. • Suzuki (neighborhoods in Japan): · A neighborhood of Niigata, Niigata. • a surname 鱸 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no)) (농어 (nong'eo)) sea bass, sea perch Hán-Nôm : lư • Hán-Nôm : rô 鱸
鳩 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ku) : phonetic 九 (OC *kuʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-k(r)əw (“dove, pigeon”) (Benedict, 1974; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Compare Tibetan འང་གུ ('ang gu, “pigeon”), Proto-Loloish *m-krəw², Burmese ချိုး (hkyui:), Proto-Kuki-Chin *khruu. \ In some southern Chinese dialects, 鳩／鸠 is pronounced with aspirated initial /kʰ/ due to taboo considerations. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiu • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khiu • Middle-Chinese : kjuw pigeon; dove (family Columbidae) • (literary) to gather; to assemble • (Cantonese, Pingnan Min, vulgar) penis (sometimes especially erect) (Classifier: 轆／辘 c; 條／条 c) • (Cantonese, vulgar) fucking (intensifier) • (Cantonese, vulgar) Negates the meaning of the sentence. • (Cantonese, vulgar) stupid; dumb • (Cantonese, vulgar) recklessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unseriously • (Cantonese, vulgar) without aim or plan • (Cantonese, vulgar) thoughtlessly • (Cantonese, vulgar) unreasonably; lacking in reason ‖ 鳩(はと) or 鳩(ハト) • (hato) ‖ 鳩(きゅう) • (kyū) ^(←きう (kiu)?) ‖ pigeon, dove (bird of genus Columba) ‖ pigeon, dove • (by extension) gather together (from the way that pigeons flock together) 鳩 • (gu) · 鳩 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu) pigeon, dove • collect, assemble Hán-Nôm : cưu 鳩
鳶 Possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷen) : semantic 鳥 (“bird”) + phonetic 戈 (OC *koːl). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzwan (“hawk; kite”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iân • Middle-Chinese : ywen hawk; kite, especially the black kite (Milvus migrans) • kite (aircraft) kite Hán-Nôm : diên • Hán-Nôm : diều 鳶
鴆 Same word as 酖 (OC *l'ums, “to poison (v.); poison (n.)”) (e.g. in Zuozhuan, "Xi 30"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3/%E5%83%96%E5%85%AC#%E5%82%B3_30), exopassive of 沈 (OC *l'um, “to put poison in liquid”) (e.g. in Rites of Zhou https://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&id=37265) (Schuessler, 2007). See 沈 & 沉 (chén) for further etymology. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄣˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zam⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thim • Middle-Chinese : drimH (Chinese mythology) the zhenniao (a hawk-like, snake-eating bird with poisonous feathers) • poisonous • to poison • poison 鴆 (eum 짐 (jim)) Hán-Nôm : chũm • Hán-Nôm : trấm • Hán-Nôm : chậm 鴆
鴉 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-n (“crow”). Doublet of 烏 (OC *qaː, “crow; raven”) . The Middle Chinese of 鴉 retains the earlier vowel. \ Schuessler (2007) disputes Old Chinese reconstructions with medial *-r-, reasoning that 鴉's place among Division II syllables (often from Old Chinese syllables containing *-r-) results rather from archaism which preserves the original vowel's quality. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : a • Middle-Chinese : 'ae crow; raven 鴉 • (a) · 鴉 • (a) (hangeul 아) ‖ ‖ 鴉(からすぃ) (karasï) ‖ 鴉 \ • 鴉 \ ‖ Alternative form of 烏 canonical : 鴉: Hán Việt readings: nha 鴉: Nôm readings: a • canonical : ác chữ Hán form of nha (“crow, raven”). • Nôm form of ác (“crow, raven”). 鴉
鴕 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːl) : semantic 鳥 (“bird”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄊㄨㄛˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tôo ostrich 鴕 • (ta) · 鴕 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha) Hán-Nôm : đà 鴕
鴛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *quːn, *qon) : phonetic 夗 (OC *qonʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Starostin reconstructs Old Chinese *ʔʷar, which he compares to Tibetan སྐྱར་པོ (skyar po, “snipe; woodcock”); both are from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɣʷăr. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyun¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : uan • Middle-Chinese : 'jwon • Middle-Chinese : 'won male mandarin duck (when used in 鴛鴦／鸳鸯 (yuānyāng)) • Alternative form of 鵷／鹓 (yuān) 鴛 • (won) · 鴛 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen) Hán-Nôm : uyên • Hán-Nôm : oan 鴛
鴣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaː) : phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Cantonese · Jyutping : gu¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : koo • Middle-Chinese : ku Used in names of birds. 鴣 • (go) · 鴣 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko) 鴣
鴦 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːŋ, *qaŋ) : phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄤ • Cantonese · Jyutping : joeng¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iunn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ionn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iong • Middle-Chinese : 'jang • Middle-Chinese : 'ang female mandarin duck 鴦 • (ang) · 鴦 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang) Hán-Nôm : ương 鴦
鴨 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Shuowen commented that 鴨 is the colloquial name for 鶩 (OC *moɡs, *moːɡ, “duck”). Probably onomatopoeic in origin. Compare Proto-Tani *ǰap (“duck”). \ Another word meaning "duck" in Old Chinese is 鴄 (OC *pʰid), a substrate loanword, possibly from Tai-Kadai or Austroasiatic. \ ; “male prostitute” Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄚ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ah • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ap • Middle-Chinese : 'aep duck (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c) • (Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”). ‖ 鴨(かも) or 鴨(カモ) • (kamo) ‖ 鴨(かも) • (Kamo) ‖ 鴨(あひる) • (ahiru) ‖ a duck • (slang) (from the way ducks return to the same place and are thus easy to hunt) a mark or easy target for a swindle, someone who is likely to lose at gambling or other competition • (slang) (from the good flavor of duck meat) short for 鴨の味 (kamo no aji, “duck flavor”): a very good flavor; by extension, any remarkably good sensation or feeling, particularly describing happy married life • (slang) (from the uniform of black clothing) short for 黒鴨 (kurogamo, “black duck”): a male servant, such as a butler or chauffeur (compare English penguin) ‖ a surname • any of various places, particularly in Kyoto ‖ (rare) alternative spelling of 家鴨: a domestic duck, Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus, descended from the mallard 鴨 (eumhun 오리 압 (ori ap)) Hán-Nôm : áp • Hán-Nôm : vịt 鴨
鴿 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Cantonese · Jyutping : gaap³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gap³ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄜ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kap • Middle-Chinese : kop pigeon; dove • (neologism, Internet slang, humorous) Short for 放鴿子／放鸽子 (fàng gēzi). Hán-Nôm : cáp 鴿
鵑 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩㄢ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gyun¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kuan • Middle-Chinese : kwen Only used in 杜鵑／杜鹃 (dùjuān, “cuckoo”); also used as its short form. 鵑 (eum 견 (gyeon)) Hán-Nôm : quyên 鵑
鵝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːl) : phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ) + semantic 鳥. \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:). However, the final consonants of the proposed cognates are possibly irreconcilable; they could instead be independently coined through onomatopoeia (Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019). \ Related to 雁 (OC *ŋraːns, “wild goose”); see there for more. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄜˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : gô • Hokkien · Tai-lo : giâ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ngôo • Middle-Chinese : nga domestic goose (as opposed to a wild goose – 雁 (yàn)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn) Alternative form of 鵞: goose 鵝 • (a) · 鵝 • (a) (hangeul 아) (거위 아, geowi-): domesticated goose that would not fly at all, in contrast with the wild goose (雁 (기러기 안, gireogi-an)) whose skein flies in wedge or cuneiform. • (기러기 아, gireogi-): wild goose Hán-Nôm : nga • Hán-Nôm : ngỗng • Hán-Nôm : ngổng 鵝
鵠 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : huk⁶ • Middle-Chinese : howk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ (literary) swan • (literary) white • a surname ‖ bullseye (centre of a target) 鵠 • (gok, hok) · 鵠 • (gok, hok) (hangeul 곡, 혹, revised gok, hok, McCune–Reischauer kok, hok, Yale kok, hok) (고니 곡, goni-): swan, genus Cygnus. • (과녁 곡, gwanyeok-): target. Hán-Nôm : hộc 鵠
鵡 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maʔ) : phonetic 武 (OC *maʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *măH (“a kind of bird (peacock, parrot)”); cognate with Tibetan རྨ་བྱ (rma bya, “peacock”); compare also Bodo (India) [script needed] (məyra, “peacock”) (Peiros & Starostin, 1996). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mou⁵ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bú • Middle-Chinese : mjuX Only used in 鸚鵡／鹦鹉 (yīngwǔ). cockatoo 鵡 (eumhun 앵무새 무 (aengmusae mu)) hanja form of 무 (“parrot”) Hán-Nôm : vũ • Hán-Nôm : thịnh 鵡
鵪 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːm) : phonetic 奄 (OC *qromʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Cantonese · Jyutping : am¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : am • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ian • Middle-Chinese : 'om quail (originally refers to those without spots on feathers) Hán-Nôm : am 鵪
鵬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 朋 (OC *bɯːŋ, “phoenix”) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”) \ This has been related to 風 (OC *plum, “wind”) (Schuessler, 2007) and also by Wang (1982) to 鳳 (OC *bums, “male fenghuang”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄥˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : paang⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pîng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phn̂g • Middle-Chinese : bong (Chinese mythology) peng (enormous bird) ‖ 鵬(ほう) or 鵬(ぼう) • (hō or bō) ‖ 鵬(ほう) • (Hō) peng (fabled large bird) ‖ (Chinese mythology) peng: a fabled large bird thought to have wings measuring 3,000 li and can soar up to 90,000 li ‖ a male or female given name 鵬 (eumhun 대붕 붕 (daebung bung)) Hán-Nôm : bằng • Hán-Nôm : bành 鵬
鵲 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩㄝˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : coek³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zoek³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiok • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshiak • Middle-Chinese : tshjak magpie ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) or 鵲(カササギ) • (kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(かささぎ) • (Kasasagi) ‖ 鵲(じゃく) • (jaku) ‖ the Eurasian magpie, Pica pica ‖ (historical) an 鴻 (Ōtori)-class torpedo boat of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II • a surname ‖ Eurasian magpie 鵲 • (jak) · 鵲 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak) Hán-Nôm : thước 鵲
鶉 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : seon⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceon¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sûn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsun • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thun • Middle-Chinese : dzywin quail (originally refers to those with spots on feathers) ‖ 鶉(うずら) or 鶉(ウズラ) • (uzura) ^(←うづら (udura) or ウヅラ (udura)?) ‖ a Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) 鶉 • (sun, dan) · 鶉 • (sun, dan) (hangeul 순, 단, revised sun, dan, McCune–Reischauer sun, tan, Yale swun, tan) 鶉
鶯 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ang¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang oriole ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) or 鶯(ウグイス) • (uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu) or ウグヒス (ugufisu)?) ‖ 鶯(うぐいす) • (Uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu)?) ‖ Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale • short for 鶯色 (uguisu iro): an olive-green color, as the rear of a bush warbler • short for 鶯声 (uguisu-goe): a description for a woman's beautiful voice • a metal skewer used in 香道 (kōdō) to fasten a paper wrapper • a bamboo skewer used in binding an obi or similar ‖ a surname Chinese oriole • bush warbler canonical : 鶯: Hán Việt readings: oanh 鶯: Nôm readings: oanh • canonical : anh chữ Hán form of oanh (“oriole”). 鶯
鷂 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lew, *lews) : phonetic 䍃 () + semantic 鳥. ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lew, *lews) : phonetic 䍃 () + semantic 鳥. Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁶⁻² • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iō • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iāu • Middle-Chinese : yewH ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄠˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jiu⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iâu • Middle-Chinese : yew sparrow hawk • harrier • kite ‖ (obsolete) pheasant ‖ 鷂(はいたか) or 鷂(ハイタカ) • (haitaka) ‖ Eurasian sparrowhawk 鷂 • (yo) · 鷂 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) 鷂
鷓 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄜˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ze³ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsià • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsèe • Middle-Chinese : tsyaeH Only used in 鷓鴣／鹧鸪 (zhègū). 鷓 • (ja) · 鷓 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca) 鷓
鷗 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄡ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : au • Hokkien · Tai-lo : oo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : o • Hokkien · Tai-lo : io • Middle-Chinese : 'uw seagull ‖ seagull ‖ 鷗 (eum 구 (gu)) seagull Hán-Nôm : âu seagull 鷗
鷥 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯ) : phonetic 絲 (OC *slɯ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄙ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : si Only used in 鷺鷥／鹭鸶 (lùsī). 鷥
鷹 Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯŋ) : phonetic 䧹 (OC *qɯŋ, “eagle; hawk”) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ This word is possibly related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la(ŋ/k) (“bird of prey”), which is likely a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *laŋ ~ *laaŋ ~ *laiŋ (“large raptor”) > Proto-Bahnaric *klaːŋ (“hawk”), Proto-Palaungic *klaːŋ (“kite”), Mon လနေၚ် (“kite”), Khmer ខ្លែង (khlaeng, “kite”); within Tibeto-Burman, compare Tibetan གླག (glag, “eagle; vulture”), Burmese လင်းတ (lang:ta., “vulture”), Jingpho lang (“bird of the falcon family”) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT). \ This word agrees better with Tibetan སྐྱིང་སེར (skying ser, “eagle; vulture”) if the Old Chinese is reconstructed as *s-ki̯əŋ (Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007); Benedict (1976) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kiŋ for this, which Benedict (1990) suggests is the native Sino-Tibetan root. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'ing a bird of prey of Accipitriformes (eagles, hawks, kites, vultures), Falconiformes (falcons) or Strigiformes (owls) ‖ 鷹(たか) or 鷹(タカ) • (taka) eagle • falcon • hawk ‖ a hawk (predatory bird) hawk; falcon (esp. the peregrine or gyrfalcon) 鷹
鷺 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːɡs) : phonetic 路 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ Compare Khmer ក្រក (krɑɑk, “species of heron”), Thai ร้า (ráa, “species of heron”) (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lōo • Middle-Chinese : luH heron; egret ‖ 鷺(さぎ) or 鷺(サギ) • (sagi) ‖ heron, egret 鷺 (eum 로 (ro), word-initial (South Korea) 노 (no)) Hán-Nôm : lộ 鷺
鸚 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːŋ) : phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɣrēŋ (“a kind of parrot”); cognate with Jingpho [script needed] (ukhriŋ¹, “small parrot”) (Peiros & Starostin, 1996). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ing • Middle-Chinese : 'eang parrot; parakeet parrot; parakeet 鸚 (eumhun 앵무새 앵 (aengmusae aeng)) hanja form of 앵 (“parrot”) Hán-Nôm : anh 鸚
鸞 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : lyun⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : luân • Middle-Chinese : lwan luan (mythical bird related to the fenghuang; sometimes translated as simurgh) • (alt. form 鑾／銮) the bells at horses' bits • imperial • a surname fabulous mythical bird • imperial 鸞 • (ran>nan) · 鸞 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan) Hán-Nôm : loan 鸞
鹹 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯːm) : semantic 鹵 (“salt”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hjam (“salty”) or *g-rjum (“salt”); compare Chepang ल्हाम्सा (hlam‑, “salty (not excessively)”), Jingpho jum (“salt”) (STEDT). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄢˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiâm • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hâm • Middle-Chinese : heam salty; briny • (Southern Min) stingy; miserly • (Southern Min) rice topping; viand • (Cantonese, Teochew, attributive) Short for 鹹濕／咸湿 (haam4 sap1, “erotic; pornographic”). • (Yangjiang Yue) salt salty 鹹 (eumhun 짤 함 (jjal ham)) · 鹹 (eumhun 다 함 (da ham)) hanja form of 함 (“salty”) Hán-Nôm : hàm 鹹
鹼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːmʔ, *skʰlam) : semantic 鹵 + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : gaan² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kiám • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kinn • Middle-Chinese : tshjem • Middle-Chinese : keamX sodium carbonate • (chemistry) (soluble) alkali • (chemistry, chiefly Mainland China) base (soluble or not) • (dialectal) soap ‖ (chemistry) base, alkali ‖ Hán-Nôm : kiềm 鹼
麋 Perhaps Sino-Tibetan. Compare Chepang [script needed] (maiʔ, “meat”), Bodo (India) [script needed] (bʏiʔ, “deer”), Liangmai Naga [script needed] (ka-mî, “meat”), Northern Naga *me:y "meat, flesh"; a single etymon for "meat" and "deer" is also found in Tibetan ཤ (sha, “meat”) and ཤྭ (shwa, “deer”) (Schuessler, 2007). If so, another semantic parallel is Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/ɡ-la (“flesh, meat, deer”), whence Tibetan གླ (gla, “musk deer”) but Newar [script needed] (la, “meat, animal”) and [script needed] (lā, “flesh, meat”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Middle-Chinese : mij moose, elk (Eurasia) • used as a surname ‖ ‖ 麋 (eum 미 (mi)) Hán-Nôm : mê • Hán-Nôm : mi 麋
麒 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kei⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kî • Middle-Chinese : gi Only used in 麒麟 (qílín). 麒 (eumhun 기린 기 (girin gi)) hanja form of 기 (“giraffe; qilin”) Hán-Nôm : kì • Hán-Nôm : kỳ 麒
麝 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢljaːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ) : semantic 鹿 + phonetic 射 (OC *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/ɡ-la (“flesh; meat; deer”) (STEDT; Gong Hwang-cherng, 2002; Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, “musk deer”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄜˋ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : siā • Middle-Chinese : zyaeH • Middle-Chinese : zyek musk deer • musk musk deer 麝 (eumhun 사향노루 사 (sahyangnoru sa)) hanja form of 사 (“musk deer”) Hán-Nôm : xạ musk deer 貅麝 (Hươu xạ) • musk 麝香 (Xạ Hương) 麝
麟 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rin) : semantic 鹿 (“deer”) + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : leon⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîn • Middle-Chinese : lin Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. • Used in 麒麟 (qílín, “qilin (propitious mythological beast)”); also used as its short form. · ^‡ female of qilin • big deer • Alternative form of 鱗／鳞 (lín, “scale and shell”) • Used in 麟麟 (línlín, “bright”). 麟 (eumhun 기린 린 (girin rin), word-initial (South Korea) 기린 인 (girin in)) hanja form of 린/인 (“giraffe; qilin”) Hán-Nôm : lân 麟
麦 ‖ Corruption of 八 into a horizontal stroke. ‖ ‖ ‖ 麦(むぎ) • (mugi) wheat • barley ‖ (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · wheat • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · barley • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · rye • (broadly speaking) dry-cultivated cereal grain · oats 麦
麩 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄈㄨ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fu¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hu • Middle-Chinese : phju (of wheat) bran • panned gold; gold dust ‖ 麩(ふ) • (fu) ‖ 麩(ふすま) • (fusuma) ‖ wheat bran • wheat gluten • foods made from wheat gluten, somewhat similar to bread ‖ wheat bran 麩 • (bu) · 麩 • (bu) (hangeul 부, revised bu, McCune–Reischauer pu, Yale pu) Hán-Nôm : phu 麩
麴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuɡ) : semantic 麥 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khak • Middle-Chinese : khjuwk ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kuk¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : guk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : Khiok • Middle-Chinese : khjuwk yeast; leaven (used to make wine) • (obsolete) wine; alcoholic beverage ‖ a surname ‖ yeast • leaven ‖ 麴 • (guk) · 麴 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk) yeast • leaven Hán-Nôm : khúc 麴
麼 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːlʔ) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 幺 (“small, tiny”). \ From 物 (MC mjut, “thing”), from 什物 (MC dzyip mjut, “miscellaneous items”) > 什麼／什么 (shénme) (Norman, 1988; Zhang, 1982). ‖ From 無 (MC mju). ‖ ‖ ‖ Probably from 物 (MC mjut, “what”) (Zhang, 2001; Jiang, 2018). Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄛ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄚ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ˙ㄇㄜ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : móo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : môo ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˊ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄛˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mo⁵ • Middle-Chinese : maX ‖ A particle placed after the topic of a compound sentence, used to express tactfulness. • A suffix for forming pronouns or adverbs. ‖ Alternative form of 嗎／吗 (“final interrogative particle”) ‖ (dialectal Mandarin) what ‖ tiny; insignificant • a surname ‖ (Hakka) what 麼 • (ma) · 麼 • (ma) (hangeul 마, revised ma, McCune–Reischauer ma, Yale ma) small • thin Hán-Nôm : ma 麼
麾 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄨㄟ • Cantonese · Jyutping : fai¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui • Middle-Chinese : xjwe a pennant, flag, banner • to signal to flag • (military) banner • signal • direct • lead • beckon 麾 (eum 휘 (hwi)) Hán-Nôm : huy 麾
黄 ‖ 黄(き) • (ki) -na (adnominal 黄(き)な (ki na), adverbial 黄(き)に (ki ni)) ‖ 黄(き) • (ki) ‖ 黄(こう) • (kō) ^(←くわう (kwau)?) ‖ 黄(おう) • (ō) ^(←わう (wau)?) yellow ‖ yellow ‖ yellow ‖ yellow ‖ yellow 黄 • (hwang) · 黄 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang) variant of 黃 • yellow 黄
黍 Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *nhaʔ, comparing it to Tibetan ནས་ (nas, “barley”). STEDT provisionally reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nas (“highland barley”). \ However, Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct Old Chinese *s-tʰaʔ based on aspirated affricate reflexes in certain Mandarin dialects, e.g. Hefei tʂʰu³, Yangzhou tsʰu³, as well as sound gloss evidence from Shuowen. This would make the comparison to Tibetan less plausible. Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄕㄨˇ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sué • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sé • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sú • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sír • Hokkien · Tai-lo : sí • Middle-Chinese : syoX proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) (especially glutinous varieties, but also generic) • (dialectal Eastern Min, Putian Min) sorghum • (Leizhou Min) corn; maize ‖ 黍(きび) or 黍(キビ) • (kibi) ‖ 黍(きみ) • (kimi) ‖ common or proso millet, Panicum miliaceum • Synonym of 蜀黍 (morokoshi): sorghum • Synonym of 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi): corn, maize ‖ (obsolete) the common or proso millet, Panicum miliaceum • (obsolete) Synonym of 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi): corn, maize 黍 • (seo) · 黍 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se) Hán-Nôm : thử 黍
黏 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nem) : semantic 黍 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄋㄧㄢˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : nim¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : liâm • Middle-Chinese : nrjem sticky; glutinous • to adhere; to stick 黏 • (jeom) · 黏 • (jeom) (hangeul 점) Hán-Nôm : niêm 黏
黛 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : phonetic 代 (OC *l'ɯːɡs) + semantic 黑 (“black”) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄞˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : doi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tāi • Middle-Chinese : dojH (historical) a dark pigment used by women in ancient times to paint their eyebrows • black • women's eyebrows ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (mayuzumi) ‖ 黛(まゆずみ) • (Mayuzumi) ‖ eyebrow pencil ‖ a surname 黛 • (dae) · 黛 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay) Hán-Nôm : đại 黛
黜 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰud) : semantic 黑 (“black”) + phonetic 出 (OC *kʰljuds, *kʰljud). \ From 出 (to come out) with a causative *-r- infix (Schuessler, 2007). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeot¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut³ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zyut⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : thut • Middle-Chinese : trhwit (literary) to dismiss; to demote; to downgrade • (literary) to discard; to reject • (literary) to abolish • (literary) to belittle and denounce • (Hokkien) to come loose; to come off • (Hokkien) to rub back and forth (to make something fall off) • (Mainland China Hokkien) to trample with one's feet, or to rub one's feet against each other 黜 • (chul) · 黜 • (chul) (hangeul 출, revised chul, McCune–Reischauer ch'ul, Yale chwul) Hán-Nôm : truất • Hán-Nôm : trụt • Hán-Nôm : truột 黜
黝 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Middle-Chinese : 'jij • Middle-Chinese : 'jiwX bluish-black, greenish-black bluish black, black • dimly lit, dark, black 黝 • (yu) · 黝 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) 黝
黠 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄒㄧㄚˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : waat⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : hat¹ • Cantonese · Jyutping : kit³ • Middle-Chinese : heat 黠 • (hil) · 黠 • (hil) (hangeul 힐, revised hil, McCune–Reischauer hil, Yale hil) Hán-Nôm : hiệt 黠
黴 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯl, *mɯːls) : phonetic 微 (OC *mɯl) + semantic 黑 (“black”). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄇㄟˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mei⁴ • Cantonese · Jyutping : mui⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : muî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : buê • Hokkien · Tai-lo : bî • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hui • Middle-Chinese : mij • Middle-Chinese : mwojH mold; mildew; must • (alt. form 霉) to become moldy • (of one's face) dirty; dingy; dark ‖ 黴(かび) or 黴(カビ) • (kabi) mold ‖ mold 黴 • (mi) · 黴 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi) Hán-Nôm : mai • Hán-Nôm : mị 黴
黷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 黑 (“black”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄉㄨˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : duk⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : to̍k • Middle-Chinese : duwk to tarnish; to defile; to blacken • to be rash about; to use indiscriminately • to corrupt • to covet 黷 • (dok) · 黷 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok) Hán-Nôm : độc 黷
鼇 great sea turtle 鼇 (eum 오 (o)) Hán-Nôm : ngao 鼇
鼕 鼕 (eum 동 (dong)) Hán-Nôm : đông 鼕
鼙 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄧˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pei⁴ • Middle-Chinese : bej (literary) small military drum • (literary) small drum (in general) drum carried on horseback 鼙 • (bi) · 鼙 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi) drum carried on horseback Hán-Nôm : bề • Hán-Nôm : tì 鼙
鼬 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lɯwɢs) : semantic 鼠 (“rat”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄡˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau⁶ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jau² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : iū • Middle-Chinese : yuwH weasel • (by extension) mustelid weasel 鼬 • (yu) · 鼬 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu) canonical : 鼬: Hán Việt readings: dứu 鼬
鼴 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄢˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jin² • Middle-Chinese : 'jonX animal from the family Talpidae ‖ ‖ 鼴 • (eon) · 鼴 • (eon) (hangeul 언, revised eon, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, Yale en) mole (burrowing insectivore) Hán-Nôm : yển 鼴
鼾 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns) : semantic 鼻 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn). \ From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hal (“to snore”). Compare Tibetan ཧལ (hal, “to pant; to wheeze; to snort; to snore”). ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄏㄢ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huânn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : huann • Hokkien · Tai-lo : hônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn • Hokkien · Tai-lo : han • Middle-Chinese : xan • Middle-Chinese : hanH ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : kônn (literary or Southern Min) to snore • snore; snoring ‖ (Hokkien) the sound of snoring; to snore ‖ 鼾(かん) • (kan) ‖ 鼾(いびき) • (ibiki) ‖ ‖ 鼾(くつち) • (kutsuchi) ‖ snoring ‖ snoring, a snore ‖ to snore ‖ (archaic, rare) snoring • (archaic, rare) epilepsy 鼾 • (han) · 鼾 • (han) (hangeul 한, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han) Hán-Nôm : han 鼾
齋 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsriːl) : phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls) + semantic 示 (“god; deity”). Cantonese · Jyutping : zaai¹ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄓㄞ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tse • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsai • Middle-Chinese : tsreaj (historical) to show one's piety before offering sacrifices and other ceremonies in ancient times, by abstaining from meat and alcohol, bathing oneself and clearing one's mind of distracting thoughts • solemn; earnest • vegetarian diet (often adopted for religious reasons) • fasting • (Buddhism, Taoism) religious ceremony (Classifier: 堂 c) • (Cantonese) plain; dull; boring; dry • (Cantonese) purely; only; just • to give alms to monks • study (room); studio • house; shop; building • a surname 齋 (eumhun 엄숙할 재 (eomsukhal jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 집 재 (jip jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 상복 재 (sangbok jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 재계할 재 (jaegyehal jae)) · 齋 (eumhun 공부방 재 (gongbubang jae)) canonical : 齋: Hán Việt readings: trai • canonical : chay 齋: Nôm readings: chay • canonical : trai • canonical : chai • canonical : rai • canonical : chây • canonical : trơi chữ Hán form of trai (“to abstain; to fast”). • Nôm form of chay (“to abstain; to fast”). 齋
齟 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄐㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi² • Cantonese · Jyutping : zeoi⁶ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsoo • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsú • Middle-Chinese : dzrjoX irregular teeth • discord 齟 (eum 저 (jeo)) Hán-Nôm : thư • Hán-Nôm : trở 齟
齡 Characters in the same phonetic series (令) (Zhengzhang, 2003) \ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *reːŋ) : semantic 齒 (“tooth”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) – tooth being associated with age. Compare English long in the tooth (“old”) and don't look a gift horse in the mouth (“(to check teeth for age)”). Cantonese · Jyutping : ling⁴ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄧㄥˊ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : lîng • Middle-Chinese : leng age • length of time; duration • (biology) instar age 齡 • (ryeong>yeong) · 齡 • (ryeong>yeong) (hangeul 령>영, revised ryeong>yeong, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, Yale lyeng>yeng) 齡 (linh, lênh) 齡
齣 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 齒 (“tooth”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨ • Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ceot¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tshut Classifier for plays and operas: act; stanza; time, occasion ⇒ all nouns using this classifier • (regional, by extension) Classifier for films or episodes of TV shows. • (Southern Min) drama; play; show (theatrical performance) • (Southern Min) trouble; hassle ‖ 齣(こま) or 齣(コマ) • (koma) ‖ 齣(せき) • (seki) ‖ 齣(せつ) • (setsu) act, scene, as of a play or movie • frame, as of a comic • section, passage, paragraph ‖ (film, animation, manga) a frame of a comic or film • (film, theater) an act or scene of a play or movie • (music) a phrase or portion of a piece of music ‖ a section or paragraph of writing • (archaic) a chapter of a novel (particularly in the Edo period) • (Chinese theater) an act of a play ‖ same as seki above 齣 • (cheok) · 齣 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek) Hán-Nôm : xuất 齣
齦 ‖ ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄧㄣˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ngan⁴ • Middle-Chinese : ngj+n ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄎㄣˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : han² • Cantonese · Jyutping : hang² • Middle-Chinese : khonX ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄧㄢˇ • Middle-Chinese : kheanX gum (flesh around teeth) ‖ (literary) Alternative form of 啃 (“to gnaw; to nibble”) ‖ ^‡ sound of teeth ‖ gum (flesh around teeth) ‖ 齦 (eumhun 잇몸 은 (inmom eun)) ‖ 齦 (eumhun 물 간 (mul gan)) hanja form of 은 (“gum”) ‖ hanja form of 간 (“to bite”) 齦
齪 ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄔㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : cuk¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsa̍k • Middle-Chinese : tsrhaewk ‖ Hokkien · Tai-lo : tsak (obsolete) cautious; careful; meticulous • Used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò). ‖ (Hokkien) feeling stuffy and difficult to bear (due to being crowded, muggy, lacking in air circulation, etc.) • (Hokkien) vexed; annoyed; agitated (of one's mind) • (Hokkien) to disturb; to bother; to nag; to annoy (someone) • (Mainland China Hokkien) annoying; vexing (due to being complex) • (Teochew) to distract or disturb someone by being noisy grating the teeth 齪 • (chak) · 齪 • (chak) (hangeul 착, revised chak, McCune–Reischauer ch'ak, Yale chak) narrow, small • dirty 齪
齬 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : jyu⁵ • Middle-Chinese : ngjo • Middle-Chinese : ngu • Middle-Chinese : ngjoX irregular teeth • discord irregular teeth 齬 • (eo) · 齬 • (eo) (hangeul 어, revised eo, McCune–Reischauer ŏ, Yale e) canonical : 齬: Hán Việt readings: ngữ chữ Hán form of ngữ (“referring to misaligned teeth or disagreements, mostly used in the compound trở ngữ (齟齬)”). 齬
齲 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷaʔ) : semantic 齒 (“teeth”) + phonetic 禹 (OC *ɢʷaʔ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄑㄩˇ • Cantonese · Jyutping : geoi² • Hokkien · Tai-lo : khú • Middle-Chinese : khjuX (dentistry) decay; cavity decayed tooth • cavity 齲 • (u) · 齲 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu) decayed tooth 齲
齷 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 齒 (“teeth”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ) Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄨㄛˋ • Cantonese · Jyutping : ak¹ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ak • Hokkien · Tai-lo : ok • Middle-Chinese : 'aewk Only used in 齷齪／龌龊 (wòchuò). • (Hokkien) dirty grating the teeth • fretful 齷 • (ak) · 齷 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak) narrow, small • dirty 齷
龐 Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *broːŋ) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). ‖ Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *broːŋ) : semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ). Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄆㄤˊ • Cantonese · Jyutping : pong⁴ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : phâng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : pâng • Middle-Chinese : baewng ‖ Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄌㄨㄥˊ huge; big • disorderly; messy • shape of the face; facial contours • a surname ‖ Used in 龐龐／庞庞 (lónglóng). disorderly • messy • huge • big 龐 • (bang, nong) · 龐 • (bang, nong) (hangeul 방, 농, revised bang, nong, McCune–Reischauer pang, nong, Yale pang, nong) disorderly • huge, big • high canonical : 龐: Hán Việt readings: bàng chữ Hán form of bàng (“used in Chinese derived compounds to mean big, large, disorderly, messy or to refer to the face”). • chữ Hán form of Bàng (“referring to the Hồng Bàng dynasty and the associated surname”). 龐
龔 Mandarin · bopomofo : ㄍㄨㄥ • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kíng • Hokkien · Tai-lo : kióng • Middle-Chinese : kjowng Alternative form of 供 (“to supply”) • Alternative form of 恭 (gōng, “to respect”) • to follow; to obey • a surname give • present • referential 龔 • (gong) · 龔 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong) polite, reverent • to supply • respect Hán-Nôm : cung 龔
main page
976 747 1318 1817 1547 2341 5988
一Ｅ 二Ｅ 三Ｅ 四Ｅ 五Ｅ 六Ｅ 七Ｅ
一Ｕ 二Ｕ 三Ｕ 四Ｕ 五Ｕ 六Ｕ 七Ｕ
一Ｗ 二Ｗ 三Ｗ 四Ｗ 五Ｗ 六Ｗ 七Ｗ
Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Common-Han-Characters:-四-Wiktionary&oldid=294439"