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|[[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Forms-and-Agreement|◀️ Adjective Forms and Agreement — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adverbs|Next Lesson — Adverbs ▶️]]
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Danish|Danish]]  → [[Language/Danish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Danish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and Adverbs → Comparatives and Superlatives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Danish|Danish]]  → [[Language/Danish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Danish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Comparatives and Superlatives</div>


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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==


Comparatives and superlatives are important elements of any language. They allow speakers to make comparisons and identify the most extreme cases. In Danish, comparatives and superlatives are formed using a number of different strategies, from adding suffixes to modifying the stem. Learning how to use comparatives and superlatives correctly is essential in building a solid foundation in the Danish language.
In this lesson, we will explore the topic of comparatives and superlatives in Danish. Understanding how to form and use comparatives and superlatives is essential for expressing comparisons and describing the degree of qualities in Danish. We will learn the rules for forming comparatives and superlatives, as well as common irregular forms. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use comparatives and superlatives in your Danish conversations.


== Formation of Comparatives ==


<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Danish/Grammar/The-Nominative-Case-in-Danish|The Nominative Case in Danish]] & [[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Forms-and-Agreement|Adjective Forms and Agreement]].</span>
To form comparatives in Danish, we generally add the suffix "-ere" to the adjective. However, there are a few rules to keep in mind:
== Formation of Comparatives ==


Comparatives are used to express the idea of "more" in relation to an adjective or adverb. In Danish, comparatives are usually formed by adding the suffix "-ere" to the stem of the adjective or adverb. Here are some examples:
=== Rule 1: Adding "-ere" ===
For most adjectives, we simply add the suffix "-ere" to the adjective to form the comparative. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|stor (big) || stor-ere || bigger
| stor (big) || storere || bigger
|langsom (slow) || langsom-ere || slower
|-
|god (good) || god-ere || better
| gammel (old) || gammelere || older
|skønt (beautiful) || skønn-ere || more beautiful
|-
|let (easy) || let-tere || easier
| smuk (beautiful) || smukkere || more beautiful
|hurtig (fast) || hurtig-ere || faster
|}
|}


Note that some adjectives and adverbs have irregular comparative forms, such as "god" (good) which becomes "bedre" (better), and "meget" (very/much) which becomes "mere" (more).
=== Rule 2: Doubling the Consonant ===
If an adjective ends in a single consonant after a short vowel, we double the consonant before adding the "-ere" suffix. This is to preserve the short vowel sound. Let's see some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| glad (happy) || gladere || happier
|-
| lille (small) || lillere || smaller
|-
| tyk (thick) || tykkere || thicker
|}


It's also important to note that unlike in English, where "more" or "less" can be used instead of comparatives, this is not the case in Danish. To express the idea of "more" without using a comparative, you can use the adverb "mere" followed by the adjective or adverb. For example, "mere smuk" means "more beautiful", while "smukkere" means "more beautiful (comparative)".
=== Rule 3: Changing the Vowel ===
Some adjectives undergo a vowel change in the comparative form. This usually occurs with adjectives ending in "-el" or "-en". Let's take a look:


== Formation of Superlatives ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| hel (whole) || højere || higher
|-
| ren (clean) || renere || cleaner
|-
| grøn (green) || grønnere || greener
|}


Superlatives are used to express the idea of "most" or "least" in relation to an adjective or adverb. In Danish, superlatives are usually formed by adding the suffix "-est" to the stem of the adjective or adverb. Here are some examples:
=== Rule 4: Irregular Comparatives ===
As with many languages, Danish also has some irregular comparatives that do not follow the standard rules. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|stor (big) || stor-est || biggest
| god (good) || bedre || better
|langsom (slow) || langsom-est || slowest
|-
|god (good) || bedst || best
| dårlig (bad) || værre || worse
|skønt (beautiful) || skønn-est || most beautiful
|-
|let (easy) || let-test || easiest
| meget (much/very) || mere || more
|hurtig (fast) || hurtig-test || fastest
|}
|}


Again, some adjectives and adverbs have irregular superlative forms, such as "god" (good) which becomes "bedst" (best), and "meget" (very/much) which becomes "mest" (most).
== Formation of Superlatives ==


It's also important to note that just like with comparatives, in Danish you cannot use "most" or "least" instead of superlatives. To express the idea of "most" without using a superlative, you can use the adverb "mest" followed by the adjective or adverb. For example, "mest smuk" means "most beautiful", while "smukkest" means "most beautiful (superlative)".
To form superlatives in Danish, we generally add the suffix "-est" to the adjective. Similar to comparatives, there are rules to keep in mind:


== Comparison of Equality ==
=== Rule 1: Adding "-est" ===
For most adjectives, we simply add the suffix "-est" to the adjective to form the superlative. Let's look at some examples:


Another way to compare adjectives and adverbs is by using the expression "ligeså ... som" (as ... as) to indicate equality. Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| stor (big) || størst || biggest
|-
| gammel (old) || ældst || oldest
|-
| smuk (beautiful) || smukkest || most beautiful
|}


* Jeg er lige så høj som min far. (I am as tall as my dad).
=== Rule 2: Doubling the Consonant ===
* Det var lige så sjovt som sidste gang. (It was as fun as last time).
If an adjective ends in a single consonant after a short vowel, we double the consonant before adding the "-est" suffix. Let's see some examples:


== Equative Adjectives and Adverbs ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| glad (happy) || gladdest || happiest
|-
| lille (small) || mindst || smallest
|-
| tyk (thick) || tykkest || thickest
|}


In Danish, some adjectives and adverbs have an "equative" form which expresses the idea of "just as [adjective/adverb] as". These equative forms are formed using the suffix "-som". Here are some examples:
=== Rule 3: Changing the Vowel ===
Similar to comparatives, some adjectives undergo a vowel change in the superlative form. This usually occurs with adjectives ending in "-el" or "-en". Let's take a look:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|hurtig (fast) || hurtig-som || just as fast as
| hel (whole) || højest || highest
|sød (sweet) || sød-som || just as sweet as
|-
|stærk (strong) || stærk-som || just as strong as
| ren (clean) || renest || cleanest
|-
| grøn (green) || grønnest || greenest
|}
|}
== Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives ==


As mentioned earlier, some adjectives and adverbs have irregular comparative and superlative forms. Here are some of the most common:
=== Rule 4: Irregular Superlatives ===
As with comparatives, there are also irregular superlatives in Danish that do not follow the standard rules. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Adjective/Adverb !! Comparative !! Superlative !! English
! Danish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| god (good) || bedst || best
|-
| dårlig (bad) || værst || worst
|-
|-
|god (good) || bedre || bedst || good, better, best
| meget (much/very) || mest || most
|meget (very/much) || mere || mest || very/much, more, most
|min (small) || mindre || mindst || small, smaller, smallest
|lang (long) || længere || længst || long, longer, longest
|}
|}
== Placement of Comparatives and Superlatives ==


In Danish, comparatives and superlatives are usually placed before the noun they modify, just like in English. For example, "Den større bil" (The bigger car) and "Den største bil" (The biggest car).
== Cultural Insight ==
 
Comparatives and superlatives are used extensively in Danish, especially when describing people, objects, or events. Danes take pride in their ability to express subtle differences and nuances through the use of comparatives and superlatives. Danish culture places importance on modesty, so it is common for Danes to use the comparative form instead of the superlative to avoid sounding boastful. For example, instead of saying "Jeg er den bedste" (I am the best), a Dane might say "Jeg er den bedre" (I am the better). This cultural trait is reflected in the Danish language itself.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now let's practice what we have learned. Translate the following sentences into Danish using the correct comparatives or superlatives.
 
1. This book is __________ (interesting) than the previous one.
2. The weather today is __________ (bad) than yesterday.
3. She is __________ (beautiful) girl in the room.
4. He is __________ (strong) person I know.
5. My dog is __________ (cute) than yours.
6. Danish is __________ (difficult) language to learn.
7. The movie we watched last night was __________ (exciting) film I have ever seen.
 
'''Solutions:'''


However, in some cases, especially when using a superlative, the noun can be omitted, and the adjective or adverb can stand alone. For example, "Det bedste" (The best).
1. Denne bog er __________ (interessant) end den forrige.
2. Vejret i dag er __________ (dårligt) end i går.
3. Hun er __________ (smuk) pige i rummet.
4. Han er __________ (stærk) person, jeg kender.
5. Min hund er __________ (sød) end din.
6. Dansk er __________ (svær) sprog at lære.
7. Filmen, vi så i går aftes, var __________ (spændende) film, jeg nogensinde har set.


== Conclusion ==
== Conclusion ==


Comparatives and superlatives are important elements of any language, and Danish is no exception. By learning how to form comparatives and superlatives correctly, you'll be able to make comparisons and identify the most extreme cases in Danish. With practice, these concepts will become second nature to you, and you'll be well on your way to mastering the Danish language!
Congratulations! You have now learned how to form comparatives and superlatives in Danish. By applying the rules and practicing with examples, you can confidently express comparisons and describe the degree of qualities in Danish. Keep practicing and incorporating comparatives and superlatives in your conversations to enhance your language skills. Well done!


<span link>Now that you've completed this lesson, don't stop learning! Check out these related topics: [[Language/Danish/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Danish|Definite Articles in Danish]] & [[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Comparison|Adjective Comparison]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Danish Grammar → Comparatives and Superlatives
|title=Danish Grammar → Adjectives and Adverbs → Comparatives and Superlatives
|keywords=Danish, comparatives, superlatives, adjectives, adverbs, irregular forms, language learning, beginner
|keywords=Danish grammar, Danish adjectives, Danish adverbs, Danish comparatives, Danish superlatives
|description=Discover how to form comparatives and superlatives in Danish, as well as common irregular forms. Learn how to use comparatives and superlatives correctly and build a solid foundation in the Danish language.
|description=Discover how to form comparatives and superlatives in Danish, as well as common irregular forms. Learn about the cultural insights related to the usage of comparatives and superlatives in Danish.
}}
}}


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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Danish-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Danish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
 
 
==Sources==
* [https://ielanguages.com/danish-adjectives.html Danish Adjectives - ielanguages.com]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_grammar Danish grammar - Wikipedia]
 
 


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Forms-and-Agreement|Adjective Forms and Agreement]]
* [[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Forms-and-Agreement|Adjective Forms and Agreement]]


<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://ielanguages.com/danish-adjectives.html Danish Adjectives - ielanguages.com]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_grammar Danish grammar - Wikipedia]


{{Danish-Page-Bottom}}
{{Danish-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
 
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
 
|[[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adjective-Forms-and-Agreement|◀️ Adjective Forms and Agreement — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Danish/Grammar/Adverbs|Next Lesson — Adverbs ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 18:18, 19 June 2023

◀️ Adjective Forms and Agreement — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Adverbs ▶️

Danish-flag-PolyglotClub.png
Danish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives and Adverbs → Comparatives and Superlatives

Introduction[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we will explore the topic of comparatives and superlatives in Danish. Understanding how to form and use comparatives and superlatives is essential for expressing comparisons and describing the degree of qualities in Danish. We will learn the rules for forming comparatives and superlatives, as well as common irregular forms. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use comparatives and superlatives in your Danish conversations.

Formation of Comparatives[edit | edit source]

To form comparatives in Danish, we generally add the suffix "-ere" to the adjective. However, there are a few rules to keep in mind:

Rule 1: Adding "-ere"[edit | edit source]

For most adjectives, we simply add the suffix "-ere" to the adjective to form the comparative. Let's look at some examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
stor (big) storere bigger
gammel (old) gammelere older
smuk (beautiful) smukkere more beautiful

Rule 2: Doubling the Consonant[edit | edit source]

If an adjective ends in a single consonant after a short vowel, we double the consonant before adding the "-ere" suffix. This is to preserve the short vowel sound. Let's see some examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
glad (happy) gladere happier
lille (small) lillere smaller
tyk (thick) tykkere thicker

Rule 3: Changing the Vowel[edit | edit source]

Some adjectives undergo a vowel change in the comparative form. This usually occurs with adjectives ending in "-el" or "-en". Let's take a look:

Danish Pronunciation English
hel (whole) højere higher
ren (clean) renere cleaner
grøn (green) grønnere greener

Rule 4: Irregular Comparatives[edit | edit source]

As with many languages, Danish also has some irregular comparatives that do not follow the standard rules. Here are a few examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
god (good) bedre better
dårlig (bad) værre worse
meget (much/very) mere more

Formation of Superlatives[edit | edit source]

To form superlatives in Danish, we generally add the suffix "-est" to the adjective. Similar to comparatives, there are rules to keep in mind:

Rule 1: Adding "-est"[edit | edit source]

For most adjectives, we simply add the suffix "-est" to the adjective to form the superlative. Let's look at some examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
stor (big) størst biggest
gammel (old) ældst oldest
smuk (beautiful) smukkest most beautiful

Rule 2: Doubling the Consonant[edit | edit source]

If an adjective ends in a single consonant after a short vowel, we double the consonant before adding the "-est" suffix. Let's see some examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
glad (happy) gladdest happiest
lille (small) mindst smallest
tyk (thick) tykkest thickest

Rule 3: Changing the Vowel[edit | edit source]

Similar to comparatives, some adjectives undergo a vowel change in the superlative form. This usually occurs with adjectives ending in "-el" or "-en". Let's take a look:

Danish Pronunciation English
hel (whole) højest highest
ren (clean) renest cleanest
grøn (green) grønnest greenest

Rule 4: Irregular Superlatives[edit | edit source]

As with comparatives, there are also irregular superlatives in Danish that do not follow the standard rules. Here are a few examples:

Danish Pronunciation English
god (good) bedst best
dårlig (bad) værst worst
meget (much/very) mest most

Cultural Insight[edit | edit source]

Comparatives and superlatives are used extensively in Danish, especially when describing people, objects, or events. Danes take pride in their ability to express subtle differences and nuances through the use of comparatives and superlatives. Danish culture places importance on modesty, so it is common for Danes to use the comparative form instead of the superlative to avoid sounding boastful. For example, instead of saying "Jeg er den bedste" (I am the best), a Dane might say "Jeg er den bedre" (I am the better). This cultural trait is reflected in the Danish language itself.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now let's practice what we have learned. Translate the following sentences into Danish using the correct comparatives or superlatives.

1. This book is __________ (interesting) than the previous one. 2. The weather today is __________ (bad) than yesterday. 3. She is __________ (beautiful) girl in the room. 4. He is __________ (strong) person I know. 5. My dog is __________ (cute) than yours. 6. Danish is __________ (difficult) language to learn. 7. The movie we watched last night was __________ (exciting) film I have ever seen.

Solutions:

1. Denne bog er __________ (interessant) end den forrige. 2. Vejret i dag er __________ (dårligt) end i går. 3. Hun er __________ (smuk) pige i rummet. 4. Han er __________ (stærk) person, jeg kender. 5. Min hund er __________ (sød) end din. 6. Dansk er __________ (svær) sprog at lære. 7. Filmen, vi så i går aftes, var __________ (spændende) film, jeg nogensinde har set.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have now learned how to form comparatives and superlatives in Danish. By applying the rules and practicing with examples, you can confidently express comparisons and describe the degree of qualities in Danish. Keep practicing and incorporating comparatives and superlatives in your conversations to enhance your language skills. Well done!

Table of Contents - Danish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Danish Alphabet and Pronunciation


Everyday Phrases and Greetings


Basic Sentence Structure and Word Order


Numbers, Dates, and Time


Nouns and Articles


Family, Relationships, and Occupations


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food, Drinks, and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Danish Culture and Traditions


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Adjective Forms and Agreement — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Adverbs ▶️

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