Language/Marathi/Grammar/Compound-words

Marathi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Compound words

Welcome to this exciting lesson on Compound Words in Marathi! Understanding compound words is an essential part of mastering any language, and Marathi is no exception. Compound words are formed by combining two or more words to create a new word with a specific meaning. In Marathi, these compound words are prevalent and play a significant role in everyday communication.

In this lesson, we will explore the importance of compound words in the Marathi language, delve into how they are formed, and provide numerous examples to illustrate their usage. Additionally, we will engage in practical exercises to help solidify your understanding of this concept.

Here’s what we will cover in this lesson:

Importance of Compound Words in Marathi

Compound words enrich the vocabulary and express concepts more succinctly. They help in conveying thoughts and ideas efficiently, making communication smoother. For beginners, getting a grip on compound words can enhance your ability to understand and use the language more fluently.

How Compound Words Are Formed

In Marathi, compound words are generally formed by two or more root words. They can be classified into two main categories:

• Samas (समास): This refers to the combination of words where the meaning of the resultant word is derived from the meanings of the individual words.

• Sandhi (संधि): This involves the combination of words where the phonetic changes occur at the junction of the words.

Let’s break down these categories further.

Types of Compound Words

1. Dvandva Samas (द्वन्द्व समास): In this type, two words are combined, and both hold equal importance.

• Example: 'पिता-माता' (pita-mata) meaning 'father and mother'.

2. Karmadharaya Samas (कर्मधारय समास): In this case, one word modifies the other.

• Example: 'सूर्यकांत' (suryakant) meaning 'sunstone' (sun + stone).

3. Bahuvrihi Samas (बहुव्रीहि समास): This type describes a compound word that does not contain the meaning of its components.

• Example: 'गोरक्ष' (goraksha) meaning 'one who protects cows'.

Let’s look at a comprehensive table of examples for better understanding.

Marathi	Pronunciation	English
घरकुल	gharkul	housing
पाण्याच्या बाटली	panyachya batli	water bottle
पुस्तकालय	pustakalay	library
कागदपत्र	kagadpatra	document
शाळेतील मित्र	shaletil mitra	school friend
चंद्रकांत	chandrakanth	moonstone
पंखा	pankha	fan
कुक्कुटपालन	kukkutpalan	poultry farming
पाऊसाळ	pausal	rainy season
तासगण	tasgan	hourglass
निसर्गदत्त	nisargadatt	nature-given
अन्नपूर्णा	annapurna	goddess of food
चायपान	chayapan	tea break
अंगणवाडी	anganwadi	courtyard school
शाळेतील शिक्षक	shaletil shikshak	school teacher
रंगभूमी	rangbhumi	stage (theater)
स्वयंपाकघर	svayampakghar	kitchen
शीतकपाट	sheetkapat	refrigerator
विद्युतसंपर्क	vidyutsampark	electrical connection
गोडसर	godesar	sweet dish

Using Compound Words in Sentences

Let’s see how these compound words are used in sentences:

Marathi	Pronunciation	English
हे घरकुल खूप सुंदर आहे.	he gharkul khup sundar aahe.	This house is very beautiful.
मला पाण्याच्या बाटलीची गरज आहे.	mala panyachya batlichi garaj aahe.	I need a water bottle.
पुस्तकालयात अनेक पुस्तकं आहेत.	pustakalayat anek pustak aahet.	There are many books in the library.
कागदपत्रं तयार करा.	kagadpatran tayar kara.	Prepare the documents.
माझा शाळेतील मित्र आज येत आहे.	maja shaletil mitra aaj yet aahe.	My school friend is coming today.

Exercises for Practice

Now that you have a solid understanding of compound words, let’s put that knowledge into practice! Here are some exercises to help you apply what you’ve learned.

Exercise 1: Identify the Compound Word

Find the compound word in the following sentences and write it down.

1. आज मला चहा पीत जावे लागेल. (Today I have to drink tea.)

2. शाळेतील क्रीडा स्पर्धा खूप मजेशीर होती. (The sports competition at school was very fun.)

3. ती घरकुल खूप मोठी आहे. (That house is very big.)

4. स्वयंपाकघरात आई आहे. (Mom is in the kitchen.)

5. मला पुस्तकालयात जायचं आहे. (I want to go to the library.)

Solutions:

1. चहा (tea)

2. क्रीडा स्पर्धा (sports competition)

3. घरकुल (house)

4. स्वयंपाकघर (kitchen)

5. पुस्तकालय (library)

Exercise 2: Forming Compound Words

Create compound words from the following pairs of words:

1. पाणी + बाटली

2. घर + कुल

3. शाळा + मित्र

4. रंग + भूमी

5. कागद + पत्र

Solutions:

1. पाण्याची बाटली (water bottle)

2. घरकुल (housing)

3. शाळेतील मित्र (school friend)

4. रंगभूमी (stage)

5. कागदपत्र (document)

Exercise 3: Translate the Sentence

Translate the following sentences into Marathi, making sure to use the correct compound words.

1. The library is closed today.

2. My mom is making dinner in the kitchen.

3. The water bottle is on the table.

4. The school teacher is very kind.

5. I need a fan for the room.

Solutions:

1. आज पुस्तकालय बंद आहे.

2. माझी आई स्वयंपाकघरात रात्रीचं जेवण बनवत आहे.

3. पाण्याची बाटली टेबलवर आहे.

4. शाळेतील शिक्षक खूप दयाळू आहेत.

5. मला खोलीसाठी पंखा लागेल.

Exercise 4: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with appropriate compound words.

1. मला ________ (water bottle) पाहिजे.

2. त्याचा ________ (school friend) खूप चांगला आहे.

3. ________ (document) तयार करा.

4. स्वयंपाकघरात ________ (mom) आहे.

5. ________ (theatre) मध्ये नाटक चाललं आहे.

Solutions:

1. पाण्याची बाटली

2. शाळेतील मित्र

3. कागदपत्र

4. आई

5. रंगभूमी

Exercise 5: Create Sentences

Using the following compound words, create meaningful sentences.

1. स्वयंपाकघर

2. पुस्तकालय

3. रंगभूमी

4. घरकुल

5. पाण्याची बाटली

Sample Solutions:

1. माझं स्वयंपाकघर खूप मोठं आहे. (My kitchen is very big.)

2. पुस्तकालयात अनेक नवीन पुस्तकं आहेत. (There are many new books in the library.)

3. रंगभूमीवर एक सुंदर नाटक चाललं आहे. (A beautiful play is being performed on the stage.)

4. त्या घरकुलाच्या बाहेर एक बाग आहे. (There is a garden outside that house.)

5. मला पाण्याची बाटली मिळाली. (I found a water bottle.)

Exercise 6: Match the Compound Words

Match the Marathi compound words with their English translations.

1. घरकुल || a. kitchen

2. पुस्तकालय || b. water bottle

3. स्वयंपाकघर || c. housing

4. पाण्याची बाटली || d. library

5. रंगभूमी || e. stage

Solutions:

1 - c

2 - d

3 - a

4 - b

5 - e

Exercise 7: Identify the Type of Compound Word

Identify whether the following compound words are Dvandva Samas, Karmadharaya Samas, or Bahuvrihi Samas.

1. गोरक्ष

2. पिता-माता

3. सूर्यकांत

4. चायपान

5. अंगणवाडी

Solutions:

1. Bahuvrihi Samas

2. Dvandva Samas

3. Karmadharaya Samas

4. Karmadharaya Samas

5. Karmadharaya Samas

Exercise 8: Sentence Formation

Using the following compound words, form complete sentences.

1. शाळा + मित्र

2. पाण्याची + बाटली

3. रंगभूमी + नाटक

4. स्वयंपाकघर + आई

5. घरकुल + बाग

Sample Solutions:

1. माझा शाळेतील मित्र खूप हुशार आहे. (My school friend is very smart.)

2. पाण्याची बाटली माझ्या बॅगमध्ये आहे. (The water bottle is in my bag.)

3. रंगभूमीवर एक अद्भुत नाटक चाललं आहे. (An amazing play is going on at the stage.)

4. आई स्वयंपाकघरात काम करत आहे. (Mom is working in the kitchen.)

5. त्या घरकुलाजवळ एक सुंदर बाग आहे. (There is a beautiful garden next to that house.)

Exercise 9: Create Compound Words

Create compound words for the following:

1. चहा + पान

2. रंग + चोळ

3. जंगली + फळ

4. साखर + बुरुश

5. माती + कुंड

Solutions:

1. चहा पान (tea leaves)

2. रंग चोळ (color application)

3. जंगली फळ (wild fruit)

4. साखर बुरुश (sugar brush)

5. माती कुंड (clay pot)

Exercise 10: Translate the Compound Words

Translate the following compound words into English.

1. गोडसर

2. अंगणवाडी

3. विद्युतसंपर्क

4. चंद्रकांत

5. स्वयंपाकघर

Solutions:

1. sweet dish

2. courtyard school

3. electrical connection

4. moonstone

5. kitchen

As you can see, compound words are a vibrant part of Marathi that can help you express yourself more richly. With practice, you'll find that you can use these compounds in your daily conversations, enhancing your fluency and understanding of the language.

Here’s to your journey in learning Marathi, and may you enjoy using compound words to enrich your conversations!

Table of Contents - Marathi Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Basic Greetings and Introductions

• Greetings
• Introductions

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb
• Negation

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-20
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Nouns
• Pronouns

  ---

Common Verbs and Adjectives

• Common Verbs
• Common Adjectives

  ---

Questions and Answers

• Question Words
• Answering Questions

  ---

Food and Dining

• Food Vocabulary
• Dining Phrases

  ---

Marathi Festivals and Traditions

• Festivals
• Traditions

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Transportation Vocabulary
• Accommodation Vocabulary

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Prepositions
• Conjunctions

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationship Phrases

  ---

Marathi Literature and Cinema

• Literature
• Cinema

Sources

• 50 Compound Words in English / Marathi / Hindi Language ...
• Marathi language - Wikipedia
• Compound words in English and Marathi - Learn Entry

Other Lessons

• 0 to A1 Course
• Pronouns
• Adverbs
• Nouns namo नामो
• Negation
• Nouns
• Prepositions
• How to Use Have
• Questions