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{{Finnish-Page-Top}}
{{Finnish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Finnish|Finnish]]  → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Finnish Verbs: Present Tense</div>
Welcome to our lesson on '''Finnish Verbs in the Present Tense'''! This is an exciting step in your Finnish language journey, as mastering verbs is essential for effective communication. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the present tense will allow you to express what you do, what you feel, and what is happening around you in real-time.
In Finnish, verbs are dynamic and can convey a lot of information about the subject, the tense, and even the mood. The present tense is particularly important because it is used for actions that are currently happening, general truths, or habitual actions.
In this lesson, we will cover:
* The concept of verb stems
* How to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense


* Examples of everyday verbs


* Practice exercises to solidify your understanding


<div class="pg_page_title">Finnish Grammar → Introduction to Finnish → Finnish Verbs: Present Tense</div>
Let’s embark on this linguistic adventure together!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Finnish language teacher with 20 years of experience, I am excited to teach you about present tense verbs in Finnish. Conjugating verbs in Finnish may seem intimidating at first, but with some practice and attention to detail, you will soon master it like a pro. In this lesson, we will explore the present tense form of Finnish verbs, including the concept of verb stems.
=== Understanding Verb Stems ===
 
Before we dive into present tense conjugations, we need to understand '''verb stems'''. A verb stem is the part of the verb that remains when you remove the infinitive ending. In Finnish, the infinitive form of verbs typically ends in "-a" or "-ä".
 
For example:
 
* '''puhua''' (to speak) → stem: '''puhu-'''
 
* '''kirjoittaa''' (to write) → stem: '''kirjoita-'''
 
Knowing the stem is crucial as it forms the basis for conjugating the verb into different tenses and forms.
 
=== Conjugating Regular Verbs in Present Tense ===
 
Finnish verbs can be categorized into several types based on their endings. In this lesson, we'll focus on the most common type: '''type 1 verbs''', which end in -a or -ä in their infinitive form. The present tense conjugation is relatively straightforward.
 
Here’s how it works:
 
1. '''Remove the infinitive ending''' (-a or -ä) to find the stem.
 
2. '''Add the appropriate present tense endings''' depending on the subject pronoun.
 
The present tense endings for type 1 verbs are as follows:
 
* '''I (minä)''': -n
 
* '''You (sinä)''': -t
 
* '''He/She (hän)''': - (no ending)
 
* '''We (me)''': -mme
 
* '''You (plural) (te)''': -tte
 
* '''They (he)''': -vat or -vät
 
Let's illustrate this with a '''table''' of example verbs:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| puhua || puh-ua || to speak
 
|-
 
| syödä || syö-dä || to eat
 
|-
 
| kirjoittaa || kir-joit-ta || to write
 
|-
 
| juoda || juo-da || to drink
 
|-
 
| pelata || pe-la-ta || to play
 
|}
 
Now, let’s see how these verbs are conjugated in the present tense:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| minä puhun || minä puh-un || I speak
 
|-
 
| sinä puhut || sinä puh-ut || you speak
 
|-
 
| hän puhuu || hän puh-uu || he/she speaks
 
|-
 
| me puhumme || me puhu-mme || we speak
 
|-
 
| te puhutte || te puh-ut-te || you (plural) speak
 
|-


== Finnish Verbs: Present Tense ==
| he puhuvat || he puhu-vat || they speak


In Finnish, the present tense form of verbs indicates an ongoing action that is happening at the moment of speaking or a habitual action that takes place repeatedly. To conjugate present tense verbs, we need to identify the verb stem first. The verb stem is the base form of the verb that remains constant throughout its conjugation.
|}


Let's take the verb "olla" (to be) as an example:
You can see that the verb changes based on the subject pronoun. Let’s look at another set of verbs:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| minä syön || minä syö-n || I eat
|-
| sinä syöt || sinä syö-t || you eat
|-
| hän syö || hän syö || he/she eats
|-
| me syömme || me syö-mme || we eat
|-
| te syötte || te syö-tte || you (plural) eat
|-
|-
|Olen||[o.len]||I am
 
|Olet||[o.let]||You are
| he syövät || he syö-vät || they eat
|On||[o.n]||He/she/it is
 
|Olemme||[o.lem.me]||We are
|Olette||[o.let.te]||You all are
|Ovat||[o.vat]||They are
|}
|}


As you can see, the verb stem "ole-" remains the same in all conjugated forms. To form the present tense, we add suffixes to the verb stem, which vary depending on the subject pronoun.
And one more example:
Here are some more examples of present tense verb conjugation:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| minä kirjoitan || minä kir-joit-an || I write
|-
|-
|Puhun||[pu.hun]||I speak
 
|Puhut||[pu.hut]||You speak
| sinä kirjoitat || sinä kir-joit-at || you write
|Puhuu||[pu.huː]||He/she/it speaks
 
|Puhumme||[pu.hu.mːe]||We speak
|-
|Puhutte||[pu.hut.te]||You all speak
 
|Puhuvat||[pu.hu.vat]||They speak
| hän kirjoittaa || hän kir-joit-taa || he/she writes
 
|-
 
| me kirjoitamme || me kir-joit-am-me || we write
 
|-
 
| te kirjoitatte || te kir-joit-at-te || you (plural) write
 
|-
 
| he kirjoittavat || he kir-joit-tavat || they write
 
|}
|}


Notice how in the above table the verb stem for speak is "puhu-"
=== Summary of Present Tense Conjugation ===
 
* Remove the infinitive ending (-a or -ä).
 
* Add the correct endings based on the subject pronoun.
 
* Remember that the verb stem is the foundational part of the verb.


Note that there are some exceptions to the rule of verb stem remaining the same. Some verbs in Finnish have a vowel change in their stem, while others have a vowel harmony requirement that affects the suffixes added to the stem.
=== Practice Exercises ===


To become familiar with present tense verb conjugation, it's important first to learn the most common Finnish verbs. Create a list of such verbs and practice their present tense forms regularly to improve your skills.
Now that you have learned about present tense conjugation, it’s time to practice! Below are exercises designed to help you apply what you've learned.


== Conclusion ==
1. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "puhua" (to speak):'''


Conjugating verbs may seem challenging at first, but with practice and patience, you will learn to do it perfectly. In this lesson, we introduced you to the Finnish present tense verbs and the concept of verb stems, which remains the same throughout the conjugation. As you continue to learn Finnish, keep practicing present tense verb forms and identify new verbs to use. This will help you cement your knowledge and become more confident speaking and writing the Finnish language.
* minä _______


== Sources ==
* sinä _______
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_verbs Finnish Verbs]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_grammar Finnish Grammar Guide]
* hän _______
 
* me _______
 
* te _______
 
* he _______
 
2. '''Conjugate the verb "pelata" (to play) in the present tense:'''
 
* minä _______
 
* sinä _______
 
* hän _______
 
* me _______
 
* te _______
 
* he _______
 
3. '''Translate the following sentences into Finnish:'''
 
* I drink water.
 
* You (singular) eat bread.
 
* They write letters.
 
4. '''Conjugate the verb "juoda" (to drink) in the present tense:'''
 
* minä _______
 
* sinä _______
 
* hän _______
 
* me _______
 
* te _______
 
* he _______
 
5. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form of "syödä" (to eat):'''
 
* minä _______
 
* sinä _______
 
* hän _______
 
* me _______
 
* te _______
 
* he _______
 
6. '''Choose the correct form of the verb "kirjoittaa" (to write) based on the subject pronoun:'''
 
* (minä, minä kirjoit____)
 
* (te, te kirjoit____)
 
* (he, he kirjoit____)
 
7. '''Create sentences using the following verbs in present tense:'''
 
* puhua
 
* syödä
 
* pelata
 
8. '''Match the Finnish sentences with their English translations:'''
 
* a) Me juomme vettä.
 
* b) Hän kirjoittaa kirjaa.
 
* c) Te puhutte suomea.
 
i) You speak Finnish. 
 
ii) We drink water. 
 
iii) He/She is writing a book. 
 
9. '''Identify the verb stem for the following verbs:'''
 
* tulla (to come)
 
* nähdä (to see)
 
* tehdä (to do)
 
10. '''Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:'''
 
* tulla
 
* nähdä
 
* tehdä
 
=== Solutions and Explanations ===
 
Here are the solutions to the exercises along with explanations.
 
1. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "puhua":'''
 
* minä '''puhun'''
 
* sinä '''puhut'''
 
* hän '''puhuu'''
 
* me '''puhumme'''
 
* te '''puhutte'''
 
* he '''puhuvat'''
 
''Explanation: Each form is derived by removing the -a from "puhua" and adding the appropriate endings.''
 
2. '''Conjugate the verb "pelata":'''
 
* minä '''pelaan'''
 
* sinä '''pelat'''
 
* hän '''pelaa'''
 
* me '''pelaamme'''
 
* te '''pelaatte'''
 
* he '''pelaavat'''
 
3. '''Translate the following sentences into Finnish:'''
 
* I drink water. → '''Minä juon vettä.'''
 
* You (singular) eat bread. → '''Sinä syöt leipää.'''
 
* They write letters. → '''He kirjoittavat kirjeitä.'''
 
4. '''Conjugate the verb "juoda":'''
 
* minä '''juon'''
 
* sinä '''juot'''
 
* hän '''juo'''
 
* me '''juomme'''
 
* te '''juotte'''
 
* he '''juovat'''
 
5. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form of "syödä":'''
 
* minä '''syön'''
 
* sinä '''syöt'''
 
* hän '''syö'''
 
* me '''syömme'''
 
* te '''syötte'''
 
* he '''syövät'''
 
6. '''Choose the correct form of the verb "kirjoittaa":'''
 
* (minä, minä kirjoitan)
 
* (te, te kirjoitatte)
 
* (he, he kirjoittavat)
 
7. '''Create sentences using the following verbs:'''
 
* '''Minä puhun suomea.''' (I speak Finnish.)
 
* '''Sinä syöt omenan.''' (You eat an apple.)
 
* '''He pelaavat jalkapalloa.''' (They play football.)
 
8. '''Match the Finnish sentences with their English translations:'''
 
* a) Me juomme vettä. → ii) We drink water.
 
* b) Hän kirjoittaa kirjaa. → iii) He/She is writing a book.
 
* c) Te puhutte suomea. → i) You speak Finnish.
 
9. '''Identify the verb stem for the following verbs:'''
 
* tulla → '''tule-'''
 
* nähdä → '''näe-'''
 
* tehdä → '''tee-'''
 
10. '''Conjugate the following verbs:'''
 
* tulla:
 
* minä '''tulen'''
 
* sinä '''tulet'''
 
* hän '''tulee'''
 
* me '''tulemme'''
 
* te '''tulette'''
 
* he '''tulevat'''
 
* nähdä:
 
* minä '''näen'''
 
* sinä '''näet'''
 
* hän '''näkee'''
 
* me '''näemme'''
 
* te '''näette'''
 
* he '''näkevät'''
 
* tehdä:
 
* minä '''teen'''
 
* sinä '''teet'''
 
* hän '''tekee'''
 
* me '''teemme'''
 
* te '''teette'''
 
* he '''tekevät'''
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Finnish verbs in the present tense! Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in your daily conversations, and you will see improvement in your Finnish skills in no time!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Introduction to Finnish Verbs: Present Tense | Learning Finnish Grammar
 
|keywords=Finnish, Present Tense, Verb Stems, Conjugation, Grammar
|title=Learn Finnish Verbs in Present Tense  
|description=Learn how to conjugate Finnish verbs in present tense and become familiar with the concept of verb stems. Discover the easiest way to learn Finnish grammar here.
 
|keywords=Finnish verbs, present tense, Finnish language, verb conjugation, Finnish grammar
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate Finnish verbs in the present tense and understand the concept of verb stems. Engage with practice exercises to master your skills!
 
}}
}}


{{Finnish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Finnish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
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[[Category:Finnish-0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Videos==
==Videos==
Line 87: Line 487:
===Past Tense in Finnish - YouTube===
===Past Tense in Finnish - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCRqBCUUFFY</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCRqBCUUFFY</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://www.finnishpod101.com/blog/2021/07/08/finnish-tenses/ Finnish Tenses: Expressing the Past, Present, and Future]
* [https://herfinland.com/finnish-grammar-for-beginners/ Finnish Grammar Beginner's Guide (even if you hate grammar)]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_grammar Finnish grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://finland.fi/life-society/the-unbearable-beauty-of-finnish-grammar/ The unbearable beauty of Finnish grammar - thisisFINLAND]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Basic-Finnish-Phonetics|Basic Finnish Phonetics]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Adjectives-and-Pronouns|Finnish Adjectives and Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Sentence-Structure|Finnish Sentence Structure]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/The-Finnish-Alphabet|The Finnish Alphabet]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Participles|Finnish Participles]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]


{{Finnish-Page-Bottom}}
{{Finnish-Page-Bottom}}

Latest revision as of 04:52, 1 August 2024


Finnish-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Finnish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Finnish Verbs: Present Tense

Welcome to our lesson on Finnish Verbs in the Present Tense! This is an exciting step in your Finnish language journey, as mastering verbs is essential for effective communication. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the present tense will allow you to express what you do, what you feel, and what is happening around you in real-time.

In Finnish, verbs are dynamic and can convey a lot of information about the subject, the tense, and even the mood. The present tense is particularly important because it is used for actions that are currently happening, general truths, or habitual actions.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • The concept of verb stems
  • How to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense
  • Examples of everyday verbs
  • Practice exercises to solidify your understanding

Let’s embark on this linguistic adventure together!

Understanding Verb Stems[edit | edit source]

Before we dive into present tense conjugations, we need to understand verb stems. A verb stem is the part of the verb that remains when you remove the infinitive ending. In Finnish, the infinitive form of verbs typically ends in "-a" or "-ä".

For example:

  • puhua (to speak) → stem: puhu-
  • kirjoittaa (to write) → stem: kirjoita-

Knowing the stem is crucial as it forms the basis for conjugating the verb into different tenses and forms.

Conjugating Regular Verbs in Present Tense[edit | edit source]

Finnish verbs can be categorized into several types based on their endings. In this lesson, we'll focus on the most common type: type 1 verbs, which end in -a or -ä in their infinitive form. The present tense conjugation is relatively straightforward.

Here’s how it works:

1. Remove the infinitive ending (-a or -ä) to find the stem.

2. Add the appropriate present tense endings depending on the subject pronoun.

The present tense endings for type 1 verbs are as follows:

  • I (minä): -n
  • You (sinä): -t
  • He/She (hän): - (no ending)
  • We (me): -mme
  • You (plural) (te): -tte
  • They (he): -vat or -vät

Let's illustrate this with a table of example verbs:

Finnish Pronunciation English
puhua puh-ua to speak
syödä syö-dä to eat
kirjoittaa kir-joit-ta to write
juoda juo-da to drink
pelata pe-la-ta to play

Now, let’s see how these verbs are conjugated in the present tense:

Finnish Pronunciation English
minä puhun minä puh-un I speak
sinä puhut sinä puh-ut you speak
hän puhuu hän puh-uu he/she speaks
me puhumme me puhu-mme we speak
te puhutte te puh-ut-te you (plural) speak
he puhuvat he puhu-vat they speak

You can see that the verb changes based on the subject pronoun. Let’s look at another set of verbs:

Finnish Pronunciation English
minä syön minä syö-n I eat
sinä syöt sinä syö-t you eat
hän syö hän syö he/she eats
me syömme me syö-mme we eat
te syötte te syö-tte you (plural) eat
he syövät he syö-vät they eat

And one more example:

Finnish Pronunciation English
minä kirjoitan minä kir-joit-an I write
sinä kirjoitat sinä kir-joit-at you write
hän kirjoittaa hän kir-joit-taa he/she writes
me kirjoitamme me kir-joit-am-me we write
te kirjoitatte te kir-joit-at-te you (plural) write
he kirjoittavat he kir-joit-tavat they write

Summary of Present Tense Conjugation[edit | edit source]

  • Remove the infinitive ending (-a or -ä).
  • Add the correct endings based on the subject pronoun.
  • Remember that the verb stem is the foundational part of the verb.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have learned about present tense conjugation, it’s time to practice! Below are exercises designed to help you apply what you've learned.

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "puhua" (to speak):

  • minä _______
  • sinä _______
  • hän _______
  • me _______
  • te _______
  • he _______

2. Conjugate the verb "pelata" (to play) in the present tense:

  • minä _______
  • sinä _______
  • hän _______
  • me _______
  • te _______
  • he _______

3. Translate the following sentences into Finnish:

  • I drink water.
  • You (singular) eat bread.
  • They write letters.

4. Conjugate the verb "juoda" (to drink) in the present tense:

  • minä _______
  • sinä _______
  • hän _______
  • me _______
  • te _______
  • he _______

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form of "syödä" (to eat):

  • minä _______
  • sinä _______
  • hän _______
  • me _______
  • te _______
  • he _______

6. Choose the correct form of the verb "kirjoittaa" (to write) based on the subject pronoun:

  • (minä, minä kirjoit____)
  • (te, te kirjoit____)
  • (he, he kirjoit____)

7. Create sentences using the following verbs in present tense:

  • puhua
  • syödä
  • pelata

8. Match the Finnish sentences with their English translations:

  • a) Me juomme vettä.
  • b) Hän kirjoittaa kirjaa.
  • c) Te puhutte suomea.

i) You speak Finnish.

ii) We drink water.

iii) He/She is writing a book.

9. Identify the verb stem for the following verbs:

  • tulla (to come)
  • nähdä (to see)
  • tehdä (to do)

10. Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:

  • tulla
  • nähdä
  • tehdä

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Here are the solutions to the exercises along with explanations.

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "puhua":

  • minä puhun
  • sinä puhut
  • hän puhuu
  • me puhumme
  • te puhutte
  • he puhuvat

Explanation: Each form is derived by removing the -a from "puhua" and adding the appropriate endings.

2. Conjugate the verb "pelata":

  • minä pelaan
  • sinä pelat
  • hän pelaa
  • me pelaamme
  • te pelaatte
  • he pelaavat

3. Translate the following sentences into Finnish:

  • I drink water. → Minä juon vettä.
  • You (singular) eat bread. → Sinä syöt leipää.
  • They write letters. → He kirjoittavat kirjeitä.

4. Conjugate the verb "juoda":

  • minä juon
  • sinä juot
  • hän juo
  • me juomme
  • te juotte
  • he juovat

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form of "syödä":

  • minä syön
  • sinä syöt
  • hän syö
  • me syömme
  • te syötte
  • he syövät

6. Choose the correct form of the verb "kirjoittaa":

  • (minä, minä kirjoitan)
  • (te, te kirjoitatte)
  • (he, he kirjoittavat)

7. Create sentences using the following verbs:

  • Minä puhun suomea. (I speak Finnish.)
  • Sinä syöt omenan. (You eat an apple.)
  • He pelaavat jalkapalloa. (They play football.)

8. Match the Finnish sentences with their English translations:

  • a) Me juomme vettä. → ii) We drink water.
  • b) Hän kirjoittaa kirjaa. → iii) He/She is writing a book.
  • c) Te puhutte suomea. → i) You speak Finnish.

9. Identify the verb stem for the following verbs:

  • tulla → tule-
  • nähdä → näe-
  • tehdä → tee-

10. Conjugate the following verbs:

  • tulla:
  • minä tulen
  • sinä tulet
  • hän tulee
  • me tulemme
  • te tulette
  • he tulevat
  • nähdä:
  • minä näen
  • sinä näet
  • hän näkee
  • me näemme
  • te näette
  • he näkevät
  • tehdä:
  • minä teen
  • sinä teet
  • hän tekee
  • me teemme
  • te teette
  • he tekevät

Congratulations on completing this lesson on Finnish verbs in the present tense! Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in your daily conversations, and you will see improvement in your Finnish skills in no time!

Table of Contents - Finnish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Finnish


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Adjectives


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Daily Activities


Questions and Negation


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Postpositions


Travel and Transportation


Finnish Culture and Traditions


Weather and Seasons


Conjunctions and Subordinate Clauses


Family and Relationships


Finnish Literature and Music

Videos[edit | edit source]

Learn Finnish Verb Types and the Present Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Learn Finnish! Lesson 39: Past tense - Imperfekti - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Learn Finnish! Lesson 42: The future tense - Futuuri - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Finnish Perfekti Grammar ( Present Perfect Tense ) - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Past Tense in Finnish - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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