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<div class="pg_page_title">Czech Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Czech Grammar - Plurals</div>


Learning Czech grammar can be a daunting task, but understanding the basics of plurals is an essential part of mastering the language. Plurals are used to indicate more than one of something, and they are formed differently in Czech than in English. In this lesson, we'll explore the rules for forming plurals in Czech and provide some examples to help you understand how they work.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/czech Czech] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. Unlike English, Czech language has multiple ways to form plurals. Even though the task may seem daunting, we will make it easy for you by providing clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts. Let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Nouns ==
== Introduction ==


Czech nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine. The gender of a noun affects the way it is declined in the plural. Masculine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ové or -i, while feminine nouns add the suffix -ky or -e.  
In Czech grammar, plurals have different forms that depend on the gender, case and ending of the singular nouns. In general, there are two forms of plurals: regular and irregular. Regular plurals follow a specific pattern, while irregular plurals have their own rules. In addition, there are some exceptions in which the plural form of a noun differs from its singular form.
 
 
<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Czech|Possessive Case in Czech]], [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Instrumental-Case-in-Czech|Instrumental Case in Czech]], [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Accusative-Case-in-Czech|Accusative Case in Czech]] & [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]].</span>
== Regular Plurals ==


=== Masculine Nouns ===
=== Masculine Nouns ===


Masculine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ové or -i. For example, the masculine noun "muž" (man) becomes "muži" in the plural. Similarly, the masculine noun "pán" (gentleman) becomes "páni" in the plural.
The majority of inanimate masculine nouns form their plural by adding -y at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| train || vlak
|vlaky|| trains
|-
| castle || hrad
|hrady|| castles
|-
| weekend || víkend
|víkendy|| weekends
|}
 
However, there are some masculine nouns that form their plural by adding - i or -ové at the end of the singular form. This type of plural is usually used to express a group of people, and is often called the "human" plural.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| man || muž
|muži/mužové
| men
|-
| general ||generál
|generálové|| generals
|-
| giant || obr
|obři/obrové
| giants
|}


=== Feminine Nouns ===
=== Feminine Nouns ===


Feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -ky or -e. For example, the feminine noun "žena" (woman) becomes "ženy" in the plural. Similarly, the feminine noun "paní" (lady) becomes "paní" in the plural.  
Most feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -y or -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| thing || věc
|věci
| things
|-
| handbag || kabelka
|kabelky|| handbags
|-
| girl || holka
|holky|| girls
|-
| night || noc
|noci
| nights
|}
 
However, there are some feminine nouns that do not change in the plural. This is usually when the singular ends in an -e.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| economy ||ekonomie
|ekonomie|| economies
|-
| mission || mise
|mise|| missions
|-
| street || ulice
|ulice|| streets
|}
 
=== Neuter Nouns ===
 
Most neuter nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -a at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| window || okno
|okna|| windows
|-
| car || auto
|auta|| cars
|-
| morning || ráno
|rána
| eyes
|}
 
However, there are some neuter nouns that do not change in the plural. This is usually when the singular ends in an -í or -y.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Czech singular
!Czech plural!! English plural
|-
| reading || čtení
|čtení|| readings
|-
| attic || podkroví
|podkroví
| attics
|-
| behavior || jednání
|jednání|| behaviors
|}
 
== Irregular Plurals ==
 
Some nouns in Czech have their own way of forming the plural. Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! English
!Czech singular!! Czech plural !! English plural
|-
| person
|člověk|| lidé || people
|-
| child
|dítě|| děti || children
|-
| animal
|zvíře
| zvířata || animals
|-
| lip
|ret
| rty || lips
|-
|song
|píseň
|písně
|songs
|-
|ear
|ucho
|uši
|ears
|-
|dog
|pes
|psi
|dogs
|}
 
== Usage ==
 
In Czech, it is important to use the correct plural form of a noun depending on the context and meaning of the sentence. If you are unsure about the correct plural form of a noun, don't hesitate to use online resources or ask a native speaker for help. To improve your Czech Grammar, you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=32 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/czech/question questions]!
 
== Cultural Information ==


== Adjectives ==
In Czech culture, there is a tradition of pluralizing certain words used to address people to show respect. For example, instead of using the singular form "pan" (mister) or "paní" (missus), Czech speakers often use the plural forms "pánové" and "paní" as a sign of politeness.


Adjectives also change in the plural. Masculine adjectives add the suffix -í, while feminine adjectives add the suffix -í or -é. For example, the masculine adjective "velký" (big) becomes "velcí" in the plural, and the feminine adjective "malá" (small) becomes "malé" in the plural.
== Interesting Facts ==


== Examples ==
Did you know that the longest word in Czech is "nejnevěřitelňejsímu" which has 17 letters and means "to the most unbelieving one"?


Here are some examples of nouns and adjectives in the plural:
Another interesting fact is that some Czech words have two plural forms. For example, the word "auto" (car) can have both "auta" and "auti" as its plural form, depending on the context and meaning of the sentence.


* Muži (men)
== Dialogue ==
* Páni (gentlemen)
* Ženy (women)
* Paní (ladies)
* Velcí (big)
* Malé (small)


By understanding the rules for forming plurals in Czech, you can start to build your vocabulary and become more confident in speaking the language. If you want to learn more about Czech grammar, why not join the Polyglot Club community? [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club] is a great place to connect with other language learners and get tips and advice from experienced polyglots.  
* Person 1: Mám tři kočky. (I have three cats.)
* Person 2: To je mnoho koček! (That's a lot of cats!)
* Person 1: Ano, ale miluji kočky. (Yes, but I love cats.)
* Person 2: Já preferuji psy. (I prefer dogs.)


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [http://mylanguages.org/czech_plural.php Czech Plural]
* [https://duolingo.fandom.com/wiki/Czech_Skill:To_Be_(plural) Czech Skill:To Be (plural) | Duolingo Wiki | Fandom]
* [https://www.jstor.org/stable/308318 Plural, Gender, and Pluralia in Czech]
*[[wikiversity:Czech_Language/Noun_Declension|Wikiversity Noun Declension]]


{{#seo:
|title=Czech Grammar - Plurals
|keywords=Czech grammar, Czech language, plurals, regular plurals, irregular plurals, masculine nouns, feminine nouns, neuter nouns, exceptions, Czech culture, interesting facts
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. We provide clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts.
}}


==Related Lessons==
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Genitive-Case-in-Czech|Genitive Case in Czech]]
 
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Present-Continuous-in-Czech|Present Continuous in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Inclusive-Case-in-Czech|Inclusive Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Nominative-Case-in-Czech|Nominative Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives|Comaratives and Superlatives]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Accusative-Case-in-Czech|Accusative Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verbs|Verbs]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/How-to-Use-"Být"-(to-Be)|How to Use "Být" (to Be)]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verb-to-be-with-names-and-places|Verb to be with names and places]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verb-to-be-with-names-and-places|Verb to be with names and places]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Czech|Possessive Case in Czech]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Verbs|Verbs]]


{{Czech-Page-Bottom}}
{{Czech-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 09:10, 5 July 2023

Czech-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Czech Grammar - Plurals

Hi Czech learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Czech grammar. Unlike English, Czech language has multiple ways to form plurals. Even though the task may seem daunting, we will make it easy for you by providing clear explanations, examples and illustrations with cultural information and interesting facts. Let's dive in!

Introduction[edit | edit source]

In Czech grammar, plurals have different forms that depend on the gender, case and ending of the singular nouns. In general, there are two forms of plurals: regular and irregular. Regular plurals follow a specific pattern, while irregular plurals have their own rules. In addition, there are some exceptions in which the plural form of a noun differs from its singular form.


Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Possessive Case in Czech, Instrumental Case in Czech, Accusative Case in Czech & Present Tense.

Regular Plurals[edit | edit source]

Masculine Nouns[edit | edit source]

The majority of inanimate masculine nouns form their plural by adding -y at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
train vlak vlaky trains
castle hrad hrady castles
weekend víkend víkendy weekends

However, there are some masculine nouns that form their plural by adding - i or -ové at the end of the singular form. This type of plural is usually used to express a group of people, and is often called the "human" plural.

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
man muž muži/mužové men
general generál generálové generals
giant obr obři/obrové giants

Feminine Nouns[edit | edit source]

Most feminine nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -y or -i at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
thing věc věci things
handbag kabelka kabelky handbags
girl holka holky girls
night noc noci nights

However, there are some feminine nouns that do not change in the plural. This is usually when the singular ends in an -e.

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
economy ekonomie ekonomie economies
mission mise mise missions
street ulice ulice streets

Neuter Nouns[edit | edit source]

Most neuter nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix -a at the end of the singular nominative form. Here are some examples:

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
window okno okna windows
car auto auta cars
morning ráno rána eyes

However, there are some neuter nouns that do not change in the plural. This is usually when the singular ends in an -í or -y.

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
reading čtení čtení readings
attic podkroví podkroví attics
behavior jednání jednání behaviors

Irregular Plurals[edit | edit source]

Some nouns in Czech have their own way of forming the plural. Here are some examples:

English Czech singular Czech plural English plural
person člověk lidé people
child dítě děti children
animal zvíře zvířata animals
lip ret rty lips
song píseň písně songs
ear ucho uši ears
dog pes psi dogs

Usage[edit | edit source]

In Czech, it is important to use the correct plural form of a noun depending on the context and meaning of the sentence. If you are unsure about the correct plural form of a noun, don't hesitate to use online resources or ask a native speaker for help. To improve your Czech Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Cultural Information[edit | edit source]

In Czech culture, there is a tradition of pluralizing certain words used to address people to show respect. For example, instead of using the singular form "pan" (mister) or "paní" (missus), Czech speakers often use the plural forms "pánové" and "paní" as a sign of politeness.

Interesting Facts[edit | edit source]

Did you know that the longest word in Czech is "nejnevěřitelňejsímu" which has 17 letters and means "to the most unbelieving one"?

Another interesting fact is that some Czech words have two plural forms. For example, the word "auto" (car) can have both "auta" and "auti" as its plural form, depending on the context and meaning of the sentence.

Dialogue[edit | edit source]

  • Person 1: Mám tři kočky. (I have three cats.)
  • Person 2: To je mnoho koček! (That's a lot of cats!)
  • Person 1: Ano, ale miluji kočky. (Yes, but I love cats.)
  • Person 2: Já preferuji psy. (I prefer dogs.)

Sources[edit | edit source]

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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