Difference between revisions of "Language/Amharic/Grammar/Simple-Gerundive"
m (Quick edit) |
|||
| (4 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
<div | [[File:Amharic-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]] | ||
<div class="pg_page_title"> Simple Gerundive in Amharic</div> | |||
==Consecutive actions in the past== | ==Consecutive actions in the past== | ||
In English, we express consecutive actions in the past with the conjunction and. “I went to school and took a test.” “She arrived at the restaurant and drank coffee.” In Amharic, however, it is more common to see these sequences addressed using a verb form called the gerundive, which has no exact equivalent in English. | In English, we express consecutive actions in the past with the conjunction and. “I went to school and took a test.” “She arrived at the restaurant and drank coffee.” In Amharic, however, it is more common to see these sequences addressed using a verb form called the gerundive, which has no exact equivalent in English. | ||
Look at the following examples of how two consecutive actions in the past can be combined: | Look at the following examples of how two consecutive actions in the past can be combined: | ||
'''1.''' ሱቅ ሄደ suk’ hedä. | |||
'''2.''' እስክሪፕቶ ገዛ їskripto gäza. | |||
2. እስክሪፕቶ ገዛ їskripto gäza. | |||
'''3.''' ሱቅ ሄዶ እስክሪፕቶ ገዛ suk’ hedo ïskripto gäza. “He went to the store and bought a pen.” (He going to the store, he bought a pen.) | |||
The first action in all of these examples precedes and is somehow subordinate to the “main” action of the sentence: I had to go to school before I could take the test; she had to arrive at the restaurant before she could take some coffee; he had to go to the store before he could buy the pen. Look at the table below. | The first action in all of these examples precedes and is somehow subordinate to the “main” action of the sentence: I had to go to school before I could take the test; she had to arrive at the restaurant before she could take some coffee; he had to go to the store before he could buy the pen. Look at the table below. | ||
This pattern also applies to consecutive actions in the future: | This pattern also applies to consecutive actions in the future: | ||
(e.g.ትምህርቴን እጨርሳለሁ tïmïhїrten ïč’ärsalähu | (e.g.ትምህርቴን እጨርሳለሁ tïmïhїrten ïč’ärsalähu | ||
ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ bank wїst’ ïsäralähu | ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ bank wїst’ ïsäralähu | ||
ትምህርቴን ጨርሼ ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ tïmïhїrten č’ärše bank wїst’ ïsäralähu (finishing my studies, I will work at a bank) | ትምህርቴን ጨርሼ ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ tïmïhїrten č’ärše bank wїst’ ïsäralähu (finishing my studies, I will work at a bank) | ||
This tense can also be used in the present tense to indicate precedence of actions. It can also be used with the approximate meaning of verbs in English ending in “-ing” (e.g. ሮጣ መጣች rota mätač = she came running). | This tense can also be used in the present tense to indicate precedence of actions. It can also be used with the approximate meaning of verbs in English ending in “-ing” (e.g. ሮጣ መጣች rota mätač = she came running). | ||
Look at the following example of a verb in the simple gerundive. | Look at the following example of a verb in the simple gerundive. | ||
[[File:Amharic-Language-Simple-Gerundive-PolyglotClub.jpg]] | [[File:Amharic-Language-Simple-Gerundive-PolyglotClub.jpg]] | ||
The construction of this tense will be left for the Grammar Appendix. However, listen for this tense when you hear native speakers talking to one another. | The construction of this tense will be left for the Grammar Appendix. However, listen for this tense when you hear native speakers talking to one another. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 34: | ||
==Source== | ==Source== | ||
https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf | https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Question-Words|Question Words]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/The-Possessive-Forms-(second-method)|The Possessive Forms (second method)]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Negative-Present-Future-Tense|Negative Present Future Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Gender|Gender]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/The-Present-Perfect-Tense|The Present Perfect Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Definite-Direct-Objects-in-the-Simple-Past|Definite Direct Objects in the Simple Past]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Stem-verbs|Stem verbs]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/The-Possessive-Adjectives|The Possessive Adjectives]] | |||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/2-sequential-actions-in-the-present|2 sequential actions in the present]] | |||
<span links></span> | |||
Latest revision as of 13:09, 27 March 2023
Consecutive actions in the past[edit | edit source]
In English, we express consecutive actions in the past with the conjunction and. “I went to school and took a test.” “She arrived at the restaurant and drank coffee.” In Amharic, however, it is more common to see these sequences addressed using a verb form called the gerundive, which has no exact equivalent in English.
Look at the following examples of how two consecutive actions in the past can be combined:
1. ሱቅ ሄደ suk’ hedä.
2. እስክሪፕቶ ገዛ їskripto gäza.
3. ሱቅ ሄዶ እስክሪፕቶ ገዛ suk’ hedo ïskripto gäza. “He went to the store and bought a pen.” (He going to the store, he bought a pen.)
The first action in all of these examples precedes and is somehow subordinate to the “main” action of the sentence: I had to go to school before I could take the test; she had to arrive at the restaurant before she could take some coffee; he had to go to the store before he could buy the pen. Look at the table below.
This pattern also applies to consecutive actions in the future:
(e.g.ትምህርቴን እጨርሳለሁ tïmïhїrten ïč’ärsalähu
ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ bank wїst’ ïsäralähu
ትምህርቴን ጨርሼ ባንክ ውስጥ እሰራለሁ tïmïhїrten č’ärše bank wїst’ ïsäralähu (finishing my studies, I will work at a bank)
This tense can also be used in the present tense to indicate precedence of actions. It can also be used with the approximate meaning of verbs in English ending in “-ing” (e.g. ሮጣ መጣች rota mätač = she came running).
Look at the following example of a verb in the simple gerundive.
The construction of this tense will be left for the Grammar Appendix. However, listen for this tense when you hear native speakers talking to one another.
Source[edit | edit source]
https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Question Words
- The Possessive Forms (second method)
- Negative Present Future Tense
- Gender
- The Present Perfect Tense
- Definite Direct Objects in the Simple Past
- Pronouns
- Stem verbs
- The Possessive Adjectives
- 2 sequential actions in the present